2001 Translation

PROTERON, proteron

Sounds Like: PRO-teh-ron

Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing

From the root: ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Explanation: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)

Strong’s number: G4387 (Lookup on BibleHub)

Instances

Aristeas

• Aristeas’ Letter to Philocrates — 1:6, 1:13, 1:119, 1:262, 1:299

Clement of Alexandria

• Exhortation to the Greeks (Protrepticus) — 1:21, 1:40, 2:21, 3:15, 4:3, 4:41

Codex Sinaiticus

• 2 Esdras — 23:5
• Judith — 8:18
• 1 Maccabees — 1:1, 3:46, 4:47, 4:60, 5:1, 6:7, 6:59, 9:72, 11:27, 11:34, 11:39, 12:3, 12:16, 12:24, 14:33, 15:3, 15:27
• Job — 42:5
• Sirach — 12:17, 37:8
• Isaiah — 1:26, 46:10, 52:4
• Jeremiah — 37:20, 40:7, 40:11, 41:5
• John — 6:62, 10:40
• Galatians — 4:13
• 1 Timothy — 1:13
• Hebrews — 4:6, 7:27, 10:32
• 1 Peter — 1:14
• Shepherd of Hermas — 5:2, 5:3, 6:4, 6:8, 11:3, 11:5, 20:1, 25:5, 94:5

Josephus' Against Apion

• Book One — 4:21, 10:53, 11:58, 20:153, 22:194, 26:230, 26:232, 26:244, 27:253, 29:267, 31:280, 33:296, 33:301, 17:160, 36:253, 42:295
• Book Two — 17:160, 36:253, 42:295

Josephus' Antiquities of the Jews

• Book 1 — 0:6, 0:26, 1:44, 1:45, 2:61, 3:72, 3:75, 6:135, 11:203, 16:251, 18:277, 21:342
• Book 2 — 4:56, 5:85, 7:180, 9:213, 12:265, 12:267, 12:276, 13:284, 13:288, 13:289, 14:293, 14:303, 14:305
• Book 3 — 1:33, 2:55, 5:79, 5:84, 7:159, 7:172, 8:197, 8:200, 8:209, 8:215, 8:218, 10:250, 12:284
• Book 4 — 1:2, 1:10, 3:42, 3:45, 4:82, 5:87, 6:109, 6:130, 6:153, 7:159, 8:179, 8:196, 8:229, 8:244, 8:253, 8:257, 8:302, 8:311
• Book 5 — 1:9, 1:16, 1:21, 1:89, 2:124, 2:135, 2:150, 5:198, 10:341
• Book 6 — 2:30, 5:80, 5:91, 6:116, 6:123, 13:309, 14:340
• Book 7 — 1:28, 4:76, 4:92, 11:259, 12:297, 14:353, 15:384
• Book 8 — 2:51, 4:129, 6:156, 7:183, 7:188
• Book 9 — 2:24, 2:28, 5:97, 9:196, 13:266, 14:280
• Book 10 — 2:26, 8:150, 9:171, 9:184
• Book 11 — 1:12, 4:76, 4:81, 4:82, 4:86, 4:88, 4:107, 6:229, 7:299, 8:317, 8:323, 8:326, 8:341
• Book 12 — 2:17, 2:32, 3:123, 5:244, 8:339, 11:430
• Book 13 — 1:7, 3:62, 5:155, 5:165, 7:108, 8:253, 9:256
• Book 14 — 3:37, 4:74, 4:78, 7:118, 8:152, 9:167, 10:207, 12:300, 12:321, 14:382, 15:396, 15:432, 15:466, 15:467
• Book 15 — 3:39, 3:47, 5:126, 5:159, 6:169, 6:195, 7:218, 7:226, 7:240, 7:254, 7:259, 7:261, 8:267, 8:279, 8:296, 9:302, 9:308, 11:383, 11:387, 11:389, 11:406, 11:408
• Book 16 — 2:32, 2:47, 2:50, 2:54, 2:60, 3:81, 4:121, 6:160, 7:188, 7:198, 9:295, 10:311, 10:316, 11:392
• Book 17 — 1:9, 3:49, 3:54, 3:58, 4:62, 4:63, 4:75, 4:79, 4:82, 5:85, 5:93, 5:94, 5:145, 6:178, 7:183, 7:187, 9:215, 9:230, 9:239, 9:244, 10:250, 11:299, 11:305, 13:345, 13:349
• Book 18 — 1:9, 2:30, 2:43, 3:56, 3:65, 3:75, 4:90, 4:94, 4:105, 4:108, 5:126, 5:129, 6:150, 6:193, 6:213, 6:233, 6:235, 6:239, 7:243, 8:264, 8:271, 8:292, 8:294, 8:302, 9:310, 9:338, 9:349, 9:363, 9:375
• Book 19 — 1:1, 1:52, 1:55, 1:96, 1:98, 1:123, 1:125, 2:169, 2:187, 2:201, 3:227, 3:231, 4:246, 4:261, 4:267, 5:285, 6:298, 8:343
• Book 20 — 1:6, 1:9, 2:44, 3:61, 3:66, 3:68, 5:105, 5:110, 7:140, 8:173, 8:187

Josephus' The Jewish War

• Book One — 1:3, 4:6, 11:16, 13:6, 14:11, 15:9, 16:7, 17:7, 21:12, 24:1, 27:12, 28:1, 32:9, 32:11
• Book Two — 5:14, 8:10, 10:14, 11:16, 14:38, 16:23, 16:68, 18:5, 19:32
• Book Three — 7:138, 7:190, 7:206, 9:6, 9:30, 10:70
• Book Four — 1:36, 9:30
• Book Five — 1:41, 1:45, 2:4, 2:50, 4:3, 6:3, 6:20, 7:12, 8:16, 9:42, 9:62, 9:64, 11:32, 13:24
• Book Six — 1:32, 2:3, 2:25, 4:31, 4:49, 5:32, 10:1, 10:4
• Book Seven — 1:6, 1:17, 3:20, 4:20, 5:16, 5:65, 6:19, 6:31, 6:48, 6:53, 7:23, 7:26, 8:2, 8:18, 8:57, 8:73, 11:14

Justin Martyr

• First Apology of Justin Martyr — 63:1
• Second Apology of Justin Martyr — 0:2, 0:6
• Dialogue with Trypho the Jew — 28:1, 50:1, 50:2, 57:4, 58:13, 68:9, 75:2, 77:4, 78:3, 80:2, 100:4, 113:4, 121:2, 128:1, 130:1, 132:3, 137:3, 141:1

Life of Flavius Josephus, The

• The Life of Flavius Josephus — 14:78, 22:111, 28:139, 65:341

Mathetes

• Letter to Diognetus — 1:1

Polycarp of Smyrna

• Martyrdom of Polycarp — 13:2

Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint

• Genesis — 13:3, 26:1, 28:19
• Leviticus — 4:21, 5:8
• Numbers — 21:26
• Deuteronomy — 2:12, 2:20, 9:18
• Joshua — 10:14, 11:10, 14:15, 15:15
• Judges — 1:10, 18:29
• 1 Kings — 13:6
• 1 Chronicles — 9:2, 15:13
• Nehemiah — 13:5
• Judith — 5:7, 8:18
• 1 Maccabees — 1:1, 3:46, 4:47, 4:60, 5:1, 5:43, 6:7, 6:59, 9:72, 11:27, 11:34, 11:39, 12:3, 12:7, 12:16, 12:24, 14:33, 14:34, 15:3, 15:27
• 2 Maccabees — 3:30, 6:29, 9:10, 9:16, 11:31
• Job — 42:5
• Sirach — 12:17, 37:8, 46:3
• Isaiah — 1:26, 41:22, 46:10, 52:4, 61:4
• Jeremiah — 11:10, 37:20, 40:7, 40:11, 41:5
• Daniel (Theodotion) — 11:13, 13:52
• Daniel (Old Greek) — 3:22, 13:52
• Hosea — 2:7

The Shepherd of Hermas — Commandments

• Mandate 3 — 1:5

The Shepherd of Hermas — Parables

• Parable 9 — 1:3, 17:5

The Shepherd of Hermas — Visions

• Vision 2 — 1:2, 2:4, 2:8
• Vision 3 — 1:5, 1:6, 3:3, 3:4, 10:4, 12:1
• Vision 5 — 1:5

Tischendorf's Greek New Testament

• John — 6:62, 9:8
• 2 Corinthians — 1:15
• Galatians — 4:13
• 1 Timothy — 1:13
• Hebrews — 4:6, 7:27, 10:32
• 1 Peter — 1:14

From the same root

Below are all other words in our texts that we've cataloged as being from the same root, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ.

These could represent different words with related meanings, or different forms of the same word to fit different grammatical cases, numbers, or genders. This list may include spelling variants and even misspellings in the original manuscripts! Even more words from the same root may exist in other ancient texts that aren't in our database.

• ΠΡΟΤΕΡΑ — former, earlier, previous, prior
• ΠΡΟΤΕΡΑʼ — former, earlier, previous, first, prior, (the) former things, (the) previous things
• ΠΡΟΤΕΡΑΙ — former, earlier, previous, former ones, earlier ones
• ΠΡΟΤΕΡΑΙΣ — former, earlier, previous
• ΠΡΟΤΕΡΑΝ — former, a former, earlier, previous, a previous
• ΠΡΟΤΕΡΑΣ — of former, of earlier, of previous
• ΠΡΟΤΕΡΕΣ — former, earlier, previous, first
• ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟ — former, earlier, first, a former (thing), an earlier (thing), a first (thing)
• ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΙ — former, earlier, previous, prior, first
• ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΙΣ — former, earlier, previous, prior, of former times, of earlier times
• ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ — former, earlier, first, prior, a former, an earlier, a first, a prior
• ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΥ — of former, of earlier, of first, of previous
• ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΥΣ — former, earlier, previous, former ones, earlier ones, previous ones
• ΠΡΟΤΕΡΩ — of former, of previous, of earlier, of past
• ΠΡΟΤΕΡΩΝ — of former things, of previous things, of earlier things
• ΠΡΟΤΟΥ — before, formerly, previously, first
• ΤΑΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ — the former things, the earlier things, the previous things

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