Mandate 1 Chapter 1, Interlinear version from The Shepherd of Hermas — Commandments (Beta)

Mandate 1, Chapter 1

Interlinear version from The Shepherd of Hermas — Commandments (Beta)

1:1

ΠΡΩΤΟΝ
- PRŌTON
- first
ΠΑΝΤΩΝ
- PANTŌN
- of-all
ΠΙΣΤΕΥΣΟΝ
- PISTEUSON
- believe
ΟΤΙ
- OTI
- that
ΕΙΣ
- EIS
- one
ἘΣΤΙΝ
- ESTIN
- is
Ο
- O
- the
ΘΕΟΣ
- THEOS
- God
Ο
- O
- the-one
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ΠΑΝΤΑ
- PANTA
- all-things
ΚΤΙΣΑΣ
- KTISAS
- having-created
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΚΑΤΑΡΤΙΣΑΣ
- KATARTISAS
- having-arranged
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΠΟΙΗΣΑΣ
- POIĒSAS
- having-made
ἘΚ
- EK
- out-of
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- the
ΜΗ
- MĒ
- not
ὈΝΤΟΣ
- ONTOS
- being
ΕἸΣ
- EIS
- into
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΕἸΝΑΙ
- EINAI
- to-be
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ΠΑΝΤΑ
- PANTA
- all-things
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΠΑΝΤΑ
- PANTA
- all-things
ΧΩΡΩΝ
- CHŌRŌN
- containing
ΜΟΝΟΣ
- MONOS
- alone
ΔΕ
- DE
- but
ἈΧΩΡΗΤΟΣ
- ACHŌRĒTOS
- uncontainable
ὨΝ
- ŌN
- being

1:2

ΠΙΣΤΕΥΣΟΝ
- PISTEUSON
- believe
ΟΥ̓Ν
- OUN
- therefore
ΑΥ̓ΤΩ
- AUTŌ
- to-him
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΦΟΒΗΘΗΤΙ
- PHOBĒTHĒTI
- fear
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΝ
- AUTON
- him
ΦΟΒΗΘΕΙΣ
- PHOBĒTHEIS
- having-feared
ΔΕ
- DE
- but
ἘΓΚΡΑΤΕΥΣΑΙ
- EGKRATEUSAI
- control-yourself
ΤΑΥΤΑ
- TAUTA
- these-things
ΦΥΛΑΣΣΕ
- PHYLASSE
- keep
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ἈΠΟΒΑΛΕΙΣ
- APOBALEIS
- you-will-cast-off
ΠΑΣΑΝ
- PASAN
- all
ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑΝ
- PONĒRIAN
- wickedness
ἈΠΟ
- APO
- from
ΣΕΑΥΤΟΥ
- SEAUTOU
- yourself
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ἘΝΔΥΣΗ
- ENDYSĒ
- you-will-put-on
ΠΑΣΑΝ
- PASAN
- all
ἈΡΕΤΗΝ
- ARETĒN
- excellence
ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗΣ
- DIKAIOSYNĒS
- of-righteousness
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΖΗΣΗ
- ZĒSĒ
- you-will-live
ΤΩ
- TŌ
- to-the
ΘΕΩ
- THEŌ
- God
ἘΑΝ
- EAN
- if
ΦΥΛΑΞΗΣ
- PHYLAXĒS
- you-keep
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ἘΝΤΟΛΗΝ
- ENTOLĒN
- commandment
ΤΑΥΤΗΝ
- TAUTĒN
- this

G4413

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G3754

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G1519, G1520

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2316

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2532

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G2675

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tar-TEE-sas

Translations: having fitted, having prepared, having restored, having completed, having perfected, having equipped

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having fitted' or 'having prepared'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often with the sense of bringing something into a proper or complete state. It can refer to mending, restoring, equipping, or perfecting something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΑΣ, ΠΟΙΗΣΑΣ, ΤΕΛΕΣΑΣ

G4160

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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: poy-AY-sas

Translations: having made, having done, making, doing, who made, who did

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed. It often translates as 'having made' or 'having done', indicating an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can also be translated as 'making' or 'doing' in certain contexts, or as a relative clause like 'who made' or 'who did'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΣ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G3588, G3778

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G3361

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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1510

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tos

Translations: (of) being, (of) existing, (of) a being, (of) an existing one

Notes: ὈΝΤΟΣ is the genitive singular present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'existing'. It is often used in genitive absolute constructions, which function like a subordinate clause, indicating time, cause, or circumstance, such as 'while it was being' or 'because it was being'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'.

G1519

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G3441

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MOH-nos

Translations: only, alone, single, a single one

Notes: This word describes something as being unique, solitary, or singular. It emphasizes exclusivity, meaning 'one and no other'. It can be used to describe a person, object, or concept that stands by itself or is the sole instance of something. For example, it can refer to someone being 'alone' or 'the only one' of a kind.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This word inflects for gender, number, and case (e.g., feminine ΜΟΝΗ, neuter ΜΟΝΟΝ, plural ΜΟΝΟΙ).

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ, ΕΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *mon- (to remain, stay). It is related to the idea of being fixed or standing alone.

G1161

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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G0879

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-KHO-ray-tos

Translations: incomprehensible, uncontainable, immeasurable, boundless, illimitable

Notes: This word describes something that cannot be contained, grasped, or fully understood. It is often used to describe the nature of God, indicating His vastness, omnipresence, or the depth of His attributes that are beyond human comprehension. It can also refer to something that is too large to be held or contained within a space.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΛΗΠΤΟΣ, ΑΜΕΤΡΗΤΟΣ

G3767

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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G0846

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Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G5399

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: foh-bee-THAYS

Translations: having feared, being afraid, fearing, because he feared, when he feared

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle of the verb ΦΟΒΕΩ (phobeō), meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb of the sentence. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, indicating cause, time, or concession. For example, it could mean 'the one who feared' or 'because he feared'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΣΑΣ, ΤΡΕΜΩΝ

G4572

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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: seh-af-TOO

Translations: of yourself, of thyself

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'of yourself' or 'of thyself'. It is used when the action of the verb reflects back on the subject. It is a compound word formed from the second person pronoun 'σύ' (you) and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (self).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The word ΣΕΑΥΤΟΥ is a compound of the second person pronoun ΣΥ (you) and the intensive pronoun ΑΥΤΟΣ (self). It developed from earlier forms of these words in Ancient Greek.

G1746

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-DY-see

Translations: you will put on, you will clothe, you will wear

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to put on' or 'to clothe oneself with something'. It is often used in a literal sense, like putting on clothes, but can also be used metaphorically, such as 'putting on' righteousness or glory, meaning to be characterized by or assume the qualities of something. In the provided examples, it is used in the future tense, indicating an action that will happen.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΜΦΙΕΝΝΥΜΙ

G1343

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-kah-yoh-SOO-nays

Translations: of righteousness, of justice, of a righteousness, of a justice

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being morally right, just, or righteous. It encompasses both the state of being right with God and the act of doing what is right. It is often used in a theological context to describe divine justice or human uprightness.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΕΥΘΥΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'just' or 'righteous', combined with the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which forms abstract nouns, indicating a state or quality.

G1437

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Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G5442

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foo-LAX-ace

Translations: you may guard, you may keep, you may observe, you may protect, you will guard, you will keep, you will observe, you will protect

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to guard, keep, observe, or protect. It can refer to guarding a person or thing, keeping a command or law, or observing a custom. It is used in contexts where careful attention, preservation, or adherence is required.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active OR Second Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΥΛΑΚΗ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ comes from the noun φυλακή (phylakē), meaning 'a guarding' or 'a watch'.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

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