Home  / Interlinears (Beta)  / Ignatius of Antioch  / Ignatius’ Letter to Polycarp  / Chapter 0Ignatius’ Letter to Polycarp, Chapter 0 
            Interlinear version from Ignatius of Antioch (Beta) 
            
                    
                
                
            
					
                
                    
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                    Part of Speech:  Proper Noun
                    Sounds like:  ig-NAH-ti-os
                    Translations:  Ignatius
                    Notes:  This is a proper noun, referring to a male personal name. It is commonly used to identify a specific individual, such as Ignatius of Antioch, an early Christian bishop and martyr. It functions as the subject of a sentence or as a direct address.
                    Inflection:  Singular, Nominative, Masculine
                    
                    Etymology:  The name Ignatius is of Latin origin, derived from the Roman family name Egnatius, which later became associated with the Latin word 'ignis' meaning 'fire'.
                 
                
                    G3588 
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                    Part of Speech:  Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
                    Sounds like:  OH
                    Translations:  the, who, which, O
                    Notes:  Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
                    Inflection:  Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
                    
                    Etymology:  The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
                 
                
                    G2532 
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                    Part of Speech:  Conjunction, Adverb
                    Sounds like:  kahee
                    Translations:  and, also, even, but, then
                    Notes:  ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
                    Inflection:  Does not inflect
                    
                    Etymology:  The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
                 
                
                    
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                    Part of Speech:  Adjective
                    Sounds like:  theh-oh-FO-ros
                    Translations:  God-bearer, bearing God, carried by God
                    Notes:  This is a compound word formed from 'ΘΕΟΣ' (God) and 'ΦΕΡΩ' (to bear, carry). It can have two primary meanings: either 'one who carries God' (active sense, referring to someone who embodies or is filled with God's spirit) or 'one who is carried by God' (passive sense, referring to someone who is divinely inspired or protected). It was famously used as a title for Ignatius of Antioch.
                    Inflection:  Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
                    
                    Etymology:  The word is a compound of Ancient Greek 'θεός' (theos, 'god') and 'φέρω' (pherō, 'to bear, carry').
                 
                
                    G4181 
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                    Part of Speech:  Proper Noun
                    Sounds like:  poo-KAR-po
                    Translations:  (to) Polycarp
                    Notes:  This is a proper noun, referring to Polycarp, an early Christian bishop of Smyrna. The name itself means 'much fruit' or 'abundant in fruit'. In this form, it is used to indicate the recipient of an action or the indirect object, similar to 'to Polycarp' or 'for Polycarp' in English.
                    Inflection:  Singular, Dative, Masculine
                    
                    
                 
                
                    G1985 
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                    Part of Speech:  Verb
                    Sounds like:  ep-is-ko-POH
                    Translations:  to oversee, to inspect, to visit, to look after, to supervise
                    Notes:  This verb means to look over, inspect, or supervise. It implies a careful examination or oversight, often with the purpose of providing care or direction. It can be used in contexts of managing affairs, visiting people, or observing events.
                    Inflection:  Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular (I oversee); or Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular (overseeing)
                    Synonyms:  ΕΦΟΡΑΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ
                    Etymology:  The word is a compound of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ΣΚΟΠΕΩ (skopeō), meaning 'to look' or 'to observe'. Thus, it literally means 'to look over' or 'to oversee'.
                 
                
                    G1577 
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                    Part of Speech:  Noun
                    Sounds like:  ek-klee-SEE-as
                    Translations:  of church, of assembly, of congregation
                    Notes:  This word refers to a gathering or assembly of people, often with a religious or political purpose. In the New Testament, it commonly refers to the Christian church or a local congregation of believers. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (out of) and 'καλέω' (to call), meaning 'a calling out' or 'an assembly of those called out'.
                    Inflection:  Singular, Genitive, Feminine
                    Synonyms:  ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ
                    Etymology:  The word ἘΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ is derived from the Greek preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb καλέω (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. It originally referred to an assembly of citizens called out from their homes for public business.
                 
                
                    G4668 
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                    Part of Speech:  Noun, Adjective
                    Sounds like:  smyr-NAI-ohn
                    Translations:  (of) Smyrna, (of) the Smyrnaeans, Smyrnaean
                    Notes:  This word is the genitive plural form of 'Smyrnaean' (Σμυρναῖος), referring to the inhabitants of the ancient city of Smyrna. It is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'of the Smyrnaeans' or 'belonging to Smyrna'. It can also function adjectivally to describe something as 'Smyrnaean'.
                    Inflection:  Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
                    
                    
                 
                
                    G3123 
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                    Part of Speech:  Adverb
                    Sounds like:  MAHL-lon
                    Translations:  more, rather, much more, especially
                    Notes:  This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.
                    Inflection:  Does not inflect
                    Synonyms:  ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ
                    Etymology:  ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.
                 
                
                    G1985 
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                    Part of Speech:  Participle
                    Sounds like:  eh-pee-skoh-pee-MEH-noh
                    Translations:  (to) having been overseen, (to) having been visited, (to) having been appointed as overseer
                    Notes:  This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been overseen' or 'having been visited/inspected'. It describes someone or something that has undergone the action of being overseen or appointed to an oversight role. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating that the noun has been the recipient of the action of overseeing or visiting.
                    Inflection:  Perfect, Passive, Participle, Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
                    Synonyms:  ἘΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΣ, ἘΠΙΣΚΟΠΗ
                    
                 
                
                    G5259 
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                    Part of Speech:  Preposition
                    Sounds like:  hoo-POH
                    Translations:  under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
                    Notes:  This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
                    Inflection:  Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
                    
                    Etymology:  From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
                 
                
                    G2316 
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                    Part of Speech:  Noun
                    Sounds like:  THAY-oo
                    Translations:  of God, of a God
                    Notes:  This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
                    Inflection:  Singular, Genitive, Masculine
                    
                    
                 
                
                    G3962 
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                    Part of Speech:  Noun
                    Sounds like:  PAH-tros
                    Translations:  of a father, of the father, of a parent, of the parent, of God, of the Lord
                    Notes:  This word refers to a father or parent. It is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated as 'of a father' or 'of the father'. In a theological context, it can refer to God as the Father.
                    Inflection:  Singular, Genitive, Masculine
                    Synonyms:  ΓΕΝΝΗΤΩΡ, ΠΡΟΓΟΝΟΣ
                    
                 
                
                    G2962 
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                    Part of Speech:  Noun
                    Sounds like:  KOO-ree-OO
                    Translations:  of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master
                    Notes:  This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.
                    Inflection:  Singular, Genitive, Masculine
                    Synonyms:  ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
                    Etymology:  The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.
                 
                
                    G2424 
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                    Part of Speech:  Proper Noun
                    Sounds like:  ee-ay-SOO
                    Translations:  of Jesus, to Jesus, of Joshua, to Joshua
                    Notes:  This is a proper name, referring to either Jesus Christ or Joshua, the successor of Moses. It is used to identify a specific individual.
                    Inflection:  Singular, Masculine, Genitive or Dative
                    
                    
                 
                
                    G5547 
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                    Part of Speech:  Noun
                    Sounds like:  khri-STOO
                    Translations:  of Christ, of the Anointed One, of the Messiah
                    Notes:  This word is the genitive singular form of 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It refers to the one chosen and consecrated by God, particularly Jesus. As a genitive case, 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ' indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It can be used to describe something that pertains to Christ or is from Christ.
                    Inflection:  Singular, Genitive, Masculine
                    Synonyms:  ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ
                    
                 
                
                    G4183 
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                    Part of Speech:  Adjective
                    Sounds like:  PLAY-stah
                    Translations:  most, very many, very much, a most, the most
                    Notes:  This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As a superlative, it translates to 'most' or 'very many/much'. It is used to describe the greatest quantity or degree of something. For example, 'πλεῖστα χρήματα' would mean 'most money' or 'very much money'.
                    Inflection:  Superlative, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative, Plural
                    Synonyms:  ΠΑΜΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΕΙΩΝ
                    Etymology:  The word 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'much' or 'many'.
                 
                
                    G5463 
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                    Part of Speech:  Verb
                    Sounds like:  khai-REIN
                    Translations:  to rejoice, to be glad, to greet, hail
                    Notes:  This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. In ancient Greek letters and documents, it was commonly used as a formal greeting, similar to saying 'Greetings!' or 'Hail!' to the recipient, expressing well-wishing or good health. It can also simply mean 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad' in other contexts.
                    Inflection:  Present, Active, Infinitive
                    Synonyms:  ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ
                    Etymology:  The word ΧΑΙΡΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- 'to desire, to want'. It is related to words meaning 'joy' or 'gladness'.
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