Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Ignatius of Antioch / Ignatius’ Letter to Polycarp / Chapter 5Ignatius’ Letter to Polycarp, Chapter 5
Interlinear version from Ignatius of Antioch (Beta)
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G2550
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-koh-TEKH-nee-ahs
Translations: (of) evil craftiness, (of) malicious cunning, (of) trickery, (of) fraud, (of) deceit
Notes: This word is a compound noun formed from 'κακός' (bad, evil) and 'τέχνη' (art, skill, craft). It refers to the quality of being evil or malicious in one's craft or skill, implying cunning, trickery, or fraudulent practices. It describes a deceptive or harmful ingenuity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΠΑΝΟΥΡΓΙΑ, ΑΠΑΤΗ
Etymology: ΚΑΚΟΤΕΧΝΙΑ is a compound word derived from the Greek words ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil', and ΤΕΧΝΗ (technē), meaning 'art', 'skill', or 'craft'. It literally means 'evil art' or 'bad skill'.
G5343
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FEV-geh
Translations: Flee!, Run away!, Escape!
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to flee', 'to run away', or 'to escape'. As an imperative, it is a command, telling someone to flee or run away. It is often used to urge someone to leave a dangerous or undesirable situation quickly.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΔΡΑΠΕΤΕΥΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg- 'to flee'. It is related to words meaning 'to bend' or 'to turn away'.
G3123
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MAHL-lon
Translations: more, rather, much more, especially
Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ
Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-tone
Translations: of these, of them
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of these' or 'of them', referring to things or people previously mentioned or understood from context. It can refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΩΝ
G3658
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oh-mee-LEE-an
Translations: conversation, a conversation, discourse, a discourse, company, association, an association
Notes: This word refers to a conversation, discourse, or a general interaction or association with others. It can also denote companionship or social intercourse. In this form, it is the direct object of a verb or preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΟΓΟΣ, ΣΥΝΟΜΙΛΙΑ
G4169, G4160
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun, Participle
Sounds like: poy-OO
Translations: of what kind, of what sort, of what, of which, (of) doing, (of) making, (of) creating
Notes: This word has two primary interpretations in Koine Greek. It can be the genitive masculine or neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite adjective or pronoun "ΠΟΙΟΣ" (poios), meaning "of what kind," "of what sort," "of what," or "of which." In this usage, it asks about the nature or quality of something, often appearing with a noun it modifies, such as "of what kind of people." Alternatively, it can be the genitive masculine or neuter singular present active participle of the verb "ΠΟΙΕΩ" (poieō), meaning "to do," "to make," or "to create." In this verbal sense, it refers to the action of doing or making, often translated as "of doing" or "of making."
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΙΝΟΣ, ΟΠΟΙΟΥ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FAIS
Translations: to sisters, for sisters, with sisters
Notes: This word refers to 'sisters' and is used in a plural form. It is a compound word, formed from 'a' (alpha privative, meaning 'not' or 'same') and 'delphys' (womb), implying 'from the same womb'. It is used to indicate a relationship of sisters, either biological or spiritual. In the provided examples, it is used in contexts referring to female siblings or female companions.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The word ἀδελφή (adelphē) is derived from ἀ- (a-, 'same') and δελφύς (delphys, 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is the feminine form of ἀδελφός (adelphos), meaning 'brother'.
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G4314
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-la-LEH-ee
Translations: to speak to, to converse with, to address, to talk with
Notes: This verb means to speak to someone, to converse with them, or to address them. It implies an act of communication directed towards a specific person or group. It is often used in contexts where someone is engaging in dialogue or making a statement to another.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΟΜΙΛΕΩ, ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ
G0025
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-gah-PAN
Translations: to love, to like, to cherish, to be fond of
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to love' or 'to cherish'. It expresses a deep affection, often a selfless and unconditional love, distinct from other forms of love like 'eros' (romantic love) or 'philia' (friendship love). It can be used to describe love for God, for one's neighbor, or for good deeds.
Inflection: Present Active Infinitive
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΕΩ, ΣΤΕΡΓΩ
Etymology: The origin of ἀγαπάω is uncertain, but it is a common word in Koine Greek, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, where it often translates the Hebrew word 'ahav' (love).
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-on
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner
Notes: This word means 'Lord,' 'master,' or 'owner.' It is frequently used in ancient Greek texts, including the New Testament, to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or to a human master or owner. As an accusative singular form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, indicating 'the Lord' or 'a Lord' as the recipient of an action.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G4806
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soom-BEE-oys
Translations: (to) companions, (to) partners, (to) spouses, (to) fellow-living ones
Notes: This word refers to those who live together or share life with someone, such as companions, partners, or spouses. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'βίος' (life). In this form, it is used in the dative case, indicating the recipient or indirect object of an action.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΙ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΙ, ΣΥΖΥΓΟΙ
G0714
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Part of Speech: Verb, Infinitive
Sounds like: ar-KEIS-thai
Translations: to be content, to be satisfied, to be sufficient, to suffice
Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'αρκέω'. It means to be content with something, to be satisfied, or to find something sufficient. It often takes a dative object, indicating what one is content or satisfied with.
Inflection: Present, Infinitive, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΩ, ΕΞΑΡΚΕΩ
Etymology: The word 'αρκέω' (arkéō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'ἀρκέω' meaning 'to ward off, to be strong enough'. It developed the sense of being sufficient or content.
G4561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sar-KEE
Translations: flesh, body, a body, human nature, carnal nature
Notes: This word refers to flesh, the physical body, or human nature in general. It can also denote the carnal or sinful aspect of human nature, especially in a theological context. It is often used to distinguish the physical from the spiritual.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑ, ΧΡΩΣ
G4151
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PNEV-mah-tee
Translations: (to) spirit, (to) a spirit, (to) wind, (to) a wind, (to) breath, (to) a breath, (to) the Spirit, (to) Holy Spirit, (to) mind, (to) disposition
Notes: This word refers to spirit, wind, or breath. In a theological context, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. It can also denote a person's inner disposition or mind. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the spirit/wind/breath, or the instrument by which something is done, meaning 'by' or 'with' the spirit/wind/breath.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΑΝΕΜΟΣ
G3668
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ho-MOY-ohss
Translations: likewise, similarly, in like manner, even so
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'likewise' or 'similarly'. It is used to indicate that something is done in the same way as something else, or that a situation is comparable to one previously mentioned. It can connect clauses or sentences, showing a parallel action or state.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΑΥΤΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΩΣ
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOYS
Translations: to brothers, to brethren, to fellow countrymen, to fellow believers
Notes: This word refers to brothers, both literal siblings and, more broadly, fellow members of a community, nation, or faith. It is often used in a figurative sense to denote close associates or fellow believers, emphasizing a bond of kinship or shared identity. In this dative plural form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to or for brothers/brethren'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΕΚΝΟΙΣ, ΟΜΟΓΕΝΕΣΙΝ
G3853
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pah-rang-GEL-leh
Translations: command, order, instruct, charge, give orders, give instructions
Notes: This verb means to give a command, order, or instruction. It implies a formal or authoritative directive. It can be used in various contexts where one person or entity is giving a clear directive to another.
Inflection: Present Active Imperative, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek παρά (pará, “beside, by”) + ἀγγέλλω (angéllō, “I announce, I report”). It literally means to announce or report alongside, hence to transmit an order or command.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3686
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-NO-ma-tee
Translations: (to) name, (to) a name, (to) reputation, (to) authority
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ὈΝΟΜΑ' (onoma), meaning 'name'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for' in English, or simply by the context. It can refer to a person's name, their reputation, or their authority.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOO
Translations: of Jesus, to Jesus, of Joshua, to Joshua
Notes: This is a proper name, referring to either Jesus Christ or Joshua, the successor of Moses. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Genitive or Dative
G5547
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khri-STOO
Translations: of Christ, of the Anointed One, of the Messiah
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It refers to the one chosen and consecrated by God, particularly Jesus. As a genitive case, 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ' indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It can be used to describe something that pertains to Christ or is from Christ.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ
G4806
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sym-BEE-oos
Translations: (to) a fellow-citizen, (to) a fellow-countryman, (to) a companion, (to) a partner, (to) a spouse
Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'βίος' (bios), meaning 'life'. It refers to someone who shares life with another, such as a fellow-citizen, a companion, or a spouse. In this inflected form, it indicates the dative case, plural number.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΔΙΤΗΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ΣΥΖΥΓΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'σύν' (syn, 'with') and 'βίος' (bios, 'life'). It literally means 'living together'.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir
Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G1577
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-an
Translations: assembly, a church, the church, a congregation, the congregation
Notes: This word refers to an assembly or a gathering of people, often for a specific purpose. In the New Testament, it commonly refers to the Christian church or a local congregation of believers. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. Thus, it literally means 'a calling out' or 'those called out'. It can be used in sentences like 'They gathered the assembly' or 'He spoke to the church'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G1410
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doo-NAH-tai
Translations: is able, can, is powerful, has power
Notes: This word means 'to be able', 'to have power', or 'to be strong enough'. It is often used to express capability or possibility, indicating that someone or something possesses the capacity to perform an action or achieve a state. It can be used with an infinitive to mean 'can do something'.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ
G0053
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ag-NEH-yah
Translations: purity, a purity, chastity, a chastity, holiness, a holiness
Notes: This word refers to the state of being pure, chaste, or holy. It can describe moral purity, freedom from defilement, or ritual cleanness. It is used to denote a state of innocence or blamelessness, often in a religious or ethical context.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΡΟΤΗΣ, ΑΓΙΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word ἀγνός (hagnos), meaning 'pure, holy, chaste'.
G3306
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: MEH-neen
Translations: to remain, to abide, to stay, to endure, to continue, to wait for, to await
Notes: This word means to remain, abide, or stay in a place or state. It can also mean to endure or continue, indicating persistence over time. In some contexts, it can mean to wait for or await someone or something. It is often used to describe a continuous action or a state of being that persists.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΜΕΝΩ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G5092
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tee-MEN
Translations: honor, a price, value, respect, dignity, a sum, a reward
Notes: This word refers to honor, respect, or dignity. It can also denote a price, value, or a sum of money paid for something. It is used to describe the esteem in which someone or something is held, or the monetary worth of an item.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑ, ΑΞΙΑ, ΜΙΣΘΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G4561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sar-KOS
Translations: of flesh, of body, of human nature
Notes: This word refers to flesh, the physical body, or human nature in general. It is often used in a theological sense to denote the sinful or unredeemed aspect of humanity, in contrast to the spirit. It can also simply refer to the physical substance of living beings.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑ, ΦΥΣΙΣ
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master
Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.
G0002
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-kow-KHEE-see-ah
Translations: absence of boasting, humility, modesty, a humility, a modesty
Notes: This word refers to the absence of boasting or pride, signifying a state of humility or modesty. It is a compound word formed from the alpha privative (ἀ-) indicating negation, and the word 'καύχησις' (boasting). It describes a quality or state of being humble and not given to self-exaltation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ
G3306
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-NEH-toh
Translations: let him remain, let it remain, let him abide, let it abide, let him stay, let it stay
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to remain', 'to abide', or 'to stay'. As an imperative, it expresses a command or strong suggestion for someone or something to continue in a state or place. It is used to tell a third party to remain or abide.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Imperative
Synonyms: ΕΜΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΝΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- meaning 'to remain, to stay'.
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ
Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.
G2744
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kow-KHEE-say-tai
Translations: boast, glory, take pride, exult
Notes: This word means to boast, glory, or take pride in something. It is often used in a negative sense, implying arrogance or self-exaltation, but can also be used positively to express joy or confidence in God. It typically takes a prepositional phrase (e.g., 'in the Lord') or an object to indicate what one is boasting about.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΜΕΓΑΛΑΥΧΕΩ
G0622
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-POH-leh-toh
Translations: perished, was destroyed, was lost, was ruined
Notes: This is a verb form meaning "he/she/it perished," "was destroyed," or "was lost." It describes something ceasing to exist, being ruined, or becoming irretrievable. It is often used in a passive or middle sense, indicating that the subject underwent the action of perishing or being destroyed.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: gno-STHAY
Translations: to be known, to be recognized, to be understood
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to know' or 'to come to know', specifically in the passive voice. It indicates that something will be known or recognized by others, rather than the subject performing the action of knowing. It is used to express a future possibility or command for something to become known.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ
G4119
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: PLEH-on
Translations: more, a greater amount, a greater number, further, moreover, besides
Notes: This word signifies 'more' or 'greater' and can function as both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective, it describes a larger quantity or degree of something. As an adverb, it indicates an increase in action or extent, often translated as 'further' or 'moreover'. It is the neuter singular form of the adjective 'πλέων'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ
Etymology: The word 'πλέων' (pleōn) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill' or 'full'. It is related to words signifying abundance or completion.
G1985
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-is-KO-poo
Translations: of an overseer, of a bishop, of a superintendent
Notes: This word refers to an overseer, superintendent, or bishop. It describes someone who has the responsibility of watching over or supervising others, often in a religious or administrative capacity. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, such as 'of an overseer'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΣ, ΠΟΙΜΗΝ
G5351
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ef-THAR-tai
Translations: they have been corrupted, they have been destroyed, they have been ruined
Notes: This word is a verb indicating a state of being corrupted, destroyed, or ruined. It describes something that has undergone a process of decay or deterioration, often implying a moral or physical spoilage. It is used to describe things that have been made worthless or have lost their original integrity.
Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ
G4241
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PREH-peh
Translations: it is fitting, it is proper, it is necessary, it ought, it becomes
Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is fitting' or 'it is proper'. It is often used to express what is appropriate, becoming, or necessary in a given situation. It can also convey a sense of obligation or duty, indicating what 'ought' to be done.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΕΣ
Etymology: The word 'πρέπω' (prepo) means 'to be conspicuous, to be eminent, to be fitting'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is related to the idea of being visible or standing out in a way that is appropriate or becoming.
G1060
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ga-MOO-see
Translations: they marry, they are marrying, they will marry
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to marry' or 'to be married'. It refers to the act of entering into a marital union. In this form, it indicates an action performed by a group of people (they).
Inflection: Present Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΥΝΙΖΩ, ΣΥΝΟΙΚΕΩ
Etymology: From γάμος (gamos), meaning 'marriage'.
G1060
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: gah-moo-MEH-ais
Translations: marrying, being married, those marrying, those being married
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'marrying' or 'being married'. It describes someone who is in the process of getting married or is already married. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, referring to 'those who are marrying' or 'those who are married'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Feminine
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G1106
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: gno-MEES
Translations: of opinion, of purpose, of judgment, of counsel, of will, of a mind, of a decision
Notes: This word refers to a judgment, opinion, purpose, or decision. It can also denote one's mind or will. It is used to express the source or origin of a thought or intention, often indicating 'from the opinion of' or 'according to the will of' someone.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΘΕΛΗΜΑ, ΚΡΙΣΙΣ
G1772
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-noh-sin
Translations: union, a union, unity, a unity
Notes: This word refers to the act or state of being united, or a coming together into one. It signifies a joining or combination of separate parts into a single whole. It can be used to describe the unity of people, ideas, or even spiritual concepts.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΔΕΣΜΟΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ
Etymology: From the Greek verb ἑνόω (henoō), meaning 'to unite', which itself comes from ἕν (hen), the neuter form of εἷς (heis), meaning 'one'.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-EE-sthai
Translations: to make, to do, to create, to produce, to perform, to cause, to bring about, to appoint, to observe, to celebrate
Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō). It generally means 'to make' or 'to do', but in the middle voice, it often implies 'to make for oneself' or 'to do for oneself', or 'to cause to be done'. It can also be used idiomatically in various contexts, such as 'to perform' an action, 'to celebrate' a festival, or 'to appoint' someone. It is a very common and versatile verb in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G1062
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GAH-mos
Translations: marriage, wedding, wedding feast, a marriage, a wedding, a wedding feast
Notes: This word refers to the institution of marriage, a wedding ceremony, or the celebratory feast associated with a wedding. It is a masculine noun and is used to describe the union of a man and a woman, or the event where such a union is celebrated.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΑΜΟΙ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *gem- meaning 'to marry'. It refers to the act or state of marriage.
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition
Sounds like: KAT
Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during
Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.
G1939
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-pee-thoo-MEE-ahn
Translations: desire, a desire, lust, a lust, longing, a longing, craving, a craving
Notes: This word refers to a strong desire, longing, or craving. It can be used in both a positive sense (a good desire) and a negative sense (a sinful lust or covetousness), depending on the context. It describes an intense inclination or passion towards something.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΡΕΞΙΣ, ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΘΕΛΗΜΑ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: gih-NEH-sthō
Translations: let it be, let it happen, let it come to pass, let it become
Notes: This word is an imperative form of the verb 'to become' or 'to happen'. It is used to express a command, a wish, or a decree for something to occur or come into existence. It often translates to 'let it be' or 'let it happen' in English, indicating that an action or state should come to pass.
Inflection: Third-person, Singular, Present, Middle/Passive, Imperative
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΩ, ΕΣΤΩ
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