Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Ignatius of Antioch / Ignatius’ Letter to Polycarp / Chapter 6Ignatius’ Letter to Polycarp, Chapter 6
Interlinear version from Ignatius of Antioch (Beta)
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G1985
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-is-ko-POH
Translations: to oversee, to inspect, to visit, to look after, to supervise
Notes: This verb means to look over, inspect, or supervise. It implies a careful examination or oversight, often with the purpose of providing care or direction. It can be used in contexts of managing affairs, visiting people, or observing events.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular (I oversee); or Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular (overseeing)
Synonyms: ΕΦΟΡΑΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ΣΚΟΠΕΩ (skopeō), meaning 'to look' or 'to observe'. Thus, it literally means 'to look over' or 'to oversee'.
G4337
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-EKH-eh-teh
Translations: pay attention, take heed, beware, give heed, attend to, apply oneself
Notes: This word means to direct one's mind or attention towards something, to be cautious, or to apply oneself diligently. It is often used in the imperative mood to give a command or warning, urging someone to be careful or to listen closely. It can also mean to hold to or devote oneself to something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΕΙΝ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΣΘΑΙ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΕΣΘΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to hold towards' or 'to direct towards'.
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-os
Translations: God, a God, Lord
Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEEN
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is a second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (plural). It is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative
G0450
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-NIP-tohss
Translations: unwashed, unclean, unpurified
Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or a very rare form of 'ἀνίπτος' (aniptos), which means 'unwashed' or 'unclean'. It describes something that has not been ritually or physically cleansed. It can be used to refer to hands that have not been washed before eating, or more broadly to anything considered impure.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΚΑΘΑΡΤΟΣ, ΑΜΙΑΝΤΟΣ
Etymology: From 'ἀν-' (an-), a negative prefix meaning 'not', and 'νίπτω' (niptō), meaning 'to wash'.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G5293
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: hoo-po-tas-so-MEH-non
Translations: of those being subject, of those being submissive, of those being obedient, of those being put in subjection, of those being arranged under
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'hypotassō', meaning 'to place under, to subject, to submit, to obey'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing someone or something that is in the process of being subjected or is characterized by submission. It implies an ongoing state of being under authority or in an ordered arrangement.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Middle/Passive Voice, Present Tense
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΥΠΕΙΚΟΝΤΩΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΟΥΝΤΩΝ
G4245
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pres-by-TEH-roys
Translations: (to) elders, (to) old men, (to) presbyters
Notes: This word refers to older men, often those who hold positions of authority or leadership within a community, particularly in religious or governmental contexts. It can denote a senior member, an elder, or a presbyter. In the New Testament, it frequently refers to leaders in the early Christian church.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΑΙ
G1249
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-ah-KO-noys
Translations: (to) servants, (to) ministers, (to) deacons
Notes: This word refers to servants, ministers, or deacons. It describes someone who performs service, either in a general sense or specifically in a religious or official capacity. In the New Testament, it often refers to those who serve the church, sometimes in an official role as a deacon. It is a compound word, formed from διά (dia, "through") and κόνις (konis, "dust"), originally referring to one who raises dust by running errands.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΟΙ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΑΙ, ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΟΙ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to
Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G3313
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEH-ross
Translations: part, a part, share, a share, portion, a portion, region, a region, side, a side
Notes: This word refers to a part, share, or portion of something. It can also denote a region or a side. It is commonly used to indicate a division or segment of a whole, or a specific area or direction.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΤΜΗΜΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *smer- 'to allot, assign'. It is related to the verb μείρομαι (meiromai), meaning 'to receive one's share'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: GEH-noi-toh
Translations: let it be, may it be, so be it, amen
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to become' or 'to happen'. In this specific form, it is in the optative mood, which expresses a wish, a prayer, or a strong desire. It is often translated as 'let it be' or 'may it happen', similar to the English 'amen' when used to affirm a statement or prayer.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Optative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ἘΙΗ, ΓΕΝΗΘΗΤΩ
Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: SKHEIN
Translations: to have, to hold, to possess, to keep, to restrain, to seize, to occupy, to contain
Notes: ΣΧΕΙΝ is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἔχω (echō). It means 'to have' or 'to hold' in a general sense, but in the aorist infinitive, it often conveys the idea of 'to get hold of', 'to seize', 'to take possession of', or 'to restrain'. It can be used to express the purpose or result of an action, often following verbs of motion or intention.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oh
Translations: (to) God, (for) God, a God
Notes: This is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. It refers to the supreme being in a monotheistic context, or to a deity in a polytheistic context. When used in the dative case, it typically indicates the recipient of an action or the one for whom something is done, hence 'to God' or 'for God'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
G4857
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soong-koh-PEE-ah-teh
Translations: toil with, labor with, strive together, work together
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'συν-' (together with) and the verb 'κοπιάω' (to toil, labor). It means to share in the labor or toil of someone else, to work alongside them, or to strive together for a common goal. It implies a shared effort and burden.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΔΟΥΛΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'κοπιάω' (kopiao), meaning 'to toil' or 'to labor'. 'Κοπιάω' itself derives from 'κόπος' (kopos), meaning 'a striking, beating, labor, trouble'.
G240
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Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun
Sounds like: al-LAY-loys
Translations: one another, each other, to one another, to each other
Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'one another' or 'each other'. It is used to indicate that an action or relationship is mutual between two or more subjects. For example, 'they spoke to one another' or 'they loved each other'. It is always used in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G4866
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-ath-LEH-ee-teh
Translations: strive together, contend together, fight together, help in the struggle
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to strive, contend, or fight alongside someone. It implies a shared effort or struggle towards a common goal, often in a spiritual or moral context. It can be used to describe working together with others in a difficult task or facing opposition as a united front.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΣΥΝΠΟΝΕΩ, ΣΥΝΜΑΧΕΩ
G4936
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-TREH-kheh-teh
Translations: run together, come together, flock together, gather together
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb τρέχω (trecho, meaning 'to run'). Therefore, it literally means 'to run together'. It is used to describe people or things moving or gathering in a group, often with a sense of urgency or purpose. It can imply assembling, converging, or rushing to a particular place or person.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present, Active, Imperative
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΑΓΩ
G4841
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soom-PAS-kheh-teh
Translations: suffer together, suffer with
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to suffer along with someone or to share in their suffering. It is formed from the prefix 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'πάσχω' (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It is used to describe the act of empathizing with another's pain or hardship.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΕΩ, ΣΥΝΘΛΙΒΩ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΠΑΣΧΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΠΑΣΧΩ (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'.
G4794
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soong-KOY-mas-theh
Translations: sleep with, lie down with
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΚΟΙΜΑΩ (KOIMAO), meaning 'to sleep' or 'to lie down'. Therefore, it means 'to sleep together with' or 'to lie down with'. It is often used in a literal sense but can also imply a close association or intimacy.
Inflection: 2nd Person, Plural, Present, Imperative, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΚΟΙΜΑΩ, ΣΥΝΕΥΝΑΖΩ
G4891
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-eh-GEYE-res-theh
Translations: be raised together, be raised with, be awakened together, be awakened with
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἐγείρω' (egeirō), meaning 'to raise' or 'to awaken'. It means to be raised or awakened together with someone or something. It is often used in a spiritual sense, referring to being raised with Christ.
Inflection: Present, Imperative, Middle/Passive, Second Person Plural
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G3623
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-ko-NO-moy
Translations: stewards, managers, householders, administrators
Notes: This word refers to individuals entrusted with the management of a household, estate, or affairs. They are responsible for overseeing resources, finances, and personnel. It is a compound word formed from 'οἶκος' (house) and 'νέμω' (to manage or distribute).
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΡΟΠΟΙ, ΔΙΑΧΕΙΡΙΣΤΑΙ
G3934
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-REH-droi
Translations: attendants, assessors, counselors, assistants
Notes: This word refers to those who sit beside another, especially in an official capacity. It can denote an attendant, an assessor, or a counselor who assists someone in authority. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'ἕδρα' (hedra), meaning 'seat' or 'sitting'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΔΡΟΙ, ΒΟΗΘΟΙ
G5257
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-pee-REH-tai
Translations: servants, attendants, officers, ministers
Notes: This word refers to those who serve, especially in a subordinate capacity. It can denote a servant, an attendant, an officer, or a minister, often implying someone who performs duties under the direction of another. It is used to describe those who assist or carry out tasks for a superior, such as a king's attendants or religious ministers.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΟΙ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΙ, ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΟΙ
G0700
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-RES-keh-teh
Translations: you please, you are pleasing, please!
Notes: This word means 'to please' or 'to be pleasing'. It is often used to describe an action or attitude that is agreeable or satisfactory to someone else. It can also imply a desire to gratify or satisfy another person.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative
Synonyms: ΕΥΑΡΕΣΤΕΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G5599, G3739
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Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)
Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever
Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)
Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.
G4754
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: strah-TEV-es-theh
Translations: to serve as a soldier, to wage war, to fight, to make war, to serve in the military
Notes: This word means to serve as a soldier, to go to war, or to fight. It can be used literally for military service or metaphorically for engaging in a struggle, such as a spiritual battle. It implies active participation in a conflict or service.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative or Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΕΩ, ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AF
Translations: from, away from, by, of
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), which means 'from' or 'away from'. The final vowel of ΑΠΟ is dropped (elided) when it precedes a word that begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the apostrophe-like symbol over the vowel). It indicates separation, origin, or cause, often translated as 'from' or 'away from'. It can also denote the agent 'by' or the source 'of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab, English off, and German ab.
G3756, G3757
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when
Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G3800
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: op-soh-NEE-ah
Translations: wages, pay, provisions, rations, a soldier's pay
Notes: This word refers to the pay or provisions given to soldiers, mercenaries, or other workers. It can also refer to the rations or supplies provided. In a broader sense, it signifies remuneration for services rendered, often implying a daily allowance or stipend.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΙΣΘΟΣ, ΟΨΩΝΙΟΝ, ΣΙΤΗΡΕΣΙΟΝ
Etymology: From ὄψον (opson, 'cooked food, victuals') and ὠνέομαι (ōneomai, 'to buy'). It originally referred to money for provisions, especially for soldiers, and later came to mean wages or pay in general.
G2892
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: koh-MEE-zes-theh
Translations: you are receiving, you are carrying, you are bringing, you are obtaining, you receive, you carry, you bring, you obtain
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to carry, to bring, to receive, or to obtain. It can be used in various contexts where something is being conveyed or acquired. It is often used in the middle voice to mean 'to receive what is one's own' or 'to get back'.
Inflection: 2nd Person Plural, Present Tense, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative or Imperative Mood
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΚΤΩΜΑΙ
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: des-er-TOR
Translations: deserter, a deserter
Notes: This word is a direct transliteration of the Latin word 'desertor'. It refers to someone who abandons their duty, especially in a military context, such as a soldier who leaves their post without permission. It is used to describe a person who forsakes their commitment or allegiance.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: This word is a direct loanword from the Latin 'desertor', meaning 'deserter', which comes from 'deserere' (to abandon).
G2147
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-REH-thay
Translations: was found, it was found, he was found, she was found
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to be found' or 'to be discovered'. It is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'euriskō' (to find). It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed, where the subject was the recipient of the action of being found. For example, 'the book was found' or 'he was found'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular
G0908
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bap-TIS-mah
Translations: baptism, a baptism, washing, immersion
Notes: This word refers to the act of baptism, which involves immersion or washing. It is commonly used in a religious context to signify a ritual of purification, initiation, or identification with a particular faith or person. It can also refer more generally to any act of washing or cleansing.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΑΠΤΙΣΜΟΣ, ΛΟΥΤΡΟΝ
G3306
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-NEH-toh
Translations: let him remain, let it remain, let him abide, let it abide, let him stay, let it stay
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to remain', 'to abide', or 'to stay'. As an imperative, it expresses a command or strong suggestion for someone or something to continue in a state or place. It is used to tell a third party to remain or abide.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Imperative
Synonyms: ΕΜΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΝΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- meaning 'to remain, to stay'.
G3696
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OP-lah
Translations: arms, weapons, armor, hoofs
Notes: This word is a plural noun that can refer to military equipment such as arms, weapons, or armor. It can also refer to the hoofs of an animal. Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΝΥΞ
Etymology: The word ὅπλον (hoplon) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sep-, meaning 'to handle, to grasp'. It originally referred to any tool or implement, and later specialized to mean 'weapon' or 'armor'.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G4102
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PIS-tis
Translations: faith, belief, trust, a faith, a belief, a trust, faithfulness, conviction
Notes: This word refers to faith, belief, or trust, particularly in a religious or moral sense. It signifies a firm conviction or persuasion concerning the truth of something, often implying a corresponding reliance upon it. It can also refer to faithfulness or trustworthiness. It is commonly used in contexts of believing in God or Christ, or demonstrating loyalty and fidelity.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ, ΕΛΠΙΣ, ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ
Etymology: From the verb πείθω (peithō), meaning 'to persuade, to trust'. It refers to the state of being persuaded or convinced, leading to trust or belief.
G4030
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PEH-ree-keh-fah-LAI-ah
Translations: helmet, a helmet
Notes: This word refers to a helmet, a piece of defensive armor worn on the head. It is a compound word formed from 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and 'κεφαλή' (kephalē), meaning 'head'. It is used to describe protective headgear, often in military or combat contexts.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the noun κεφαλή (kephalē), meaning 'head'. It literally means 'that which is around the head'.
G0026
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-GAH-pay
Translations: love, a love, charity
Notes: This word refers to a deep, unconditional, and benevolent love, often used in a spiritual or divine sense. It is a selfless and sacrificial love, distinct from other forms of love like eros (romantic love) or philia (friendship love). It can be used to describe God's love for humanity, or the love that believers should have for God and for one another.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΕΡΩΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek. It gained prominence in Koine Greek, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, where it was chosen to translate the Hebrew word 'ahavah' and to describe a specific kind of divine and selfless love.
G1390
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOR-oo
Translations: spear, a spear, lance, a lance, pole, a pole, tree, a tree, wood, a wood
Notes: This word refers to a spear or lance, often used as a weapon. It can also refer to a pole or the trunk of a tree, or more generally, wood. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, but it generally denotes a long, rigid piece of wood, often with a point.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΟΓΧΗ, ΞΥΛΟΝ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to δέρω (dero, "to flay"), referring to a peeled or stripped tree branch.
G5281
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-po-mo-NEE
Translations: endurance, patience, perseverance, steadfastness, a patience, an endurance, a perseverance, a steadfastness
Notes: This word refers to the capacity to endure or bear up under difficult circumstances, often with a sense of steadfastness or patient waiting. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (HYPO), meaning 'under', and the verb ΜΕΝΩ (MENO), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. Thus, it literally means 'a remaining under' or 'a bearing up under'. It describes the quality of not giving in to adversity or suffering, but rather maintaining one's resolve and hope.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΙΑ, ΑΝΔΡΙΑ, ΜΑΚΡΟΘΥΜΙΑ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition ΥΠΟ (HYPO), meaning 'under', and the verb ΜΕΝΩ (MENO), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. It describes the act of remaining steadfast under pressure or difficulty.
G3833
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pan-op-LEE-ah
Translations: full armor, complete armor, a full armor
Notes: This word refers to a complete set of armor, including all defensive and offensive equipment. It implies a readiness for battle or spiritual warfare, often used metaphorically in the New Testament to describe the spiritual protection provided by God. It is a compound word, formed from 'πᾶν' (pan), meaning 'all' or 'every', and 'ὅπλον' (hoplon), meaning 'weapon' or 'armor'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΠΛΑ, ΘΩΡΑΞ, ΑΣΠΙΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek παν (pan, “all, every”) + ὅπλον (hoplon, “weapon, armor”). It refers to the complete equipment of a hoplite soldier.
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: deh-POH-see-tah
Translations: deposits, things laid down, things stored
Notes: This word is a transliteration of the Latin word 'deposita', which is the plural form of 'depositum'. It refers to things that have been laid down, stored, or entrusted, such as deposits or provisions. In a military context, it could refer to supplies or provisions that are stored or set aside.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (transliterated from Latin)
G2041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ER-gah
Translations: works, deeds, actions
Notes: This word refers to actions, accomplishments, or things done. It can encompass both good and bad deeds depending on the context, describing the outcome or result of an effort. It is often used to describe the actions of people or God.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΕΙΣ, ΔΕΔΟΜΕΝΑ
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: ak-KEP-tah
Translations: unknown
Notes: This word is not found in standard Koine Greek lexicons or dictionaries. It is highly likely to be a misspelling or a garbled form of another word. Without further context or correction, its meaning cannot be determined. It might be a very rare or late variant, or simply an error in the text.
Inflection: Unknown
G0514
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ax-EE-ah
Translations: worthy, deserving, fitting, proper, a worthy thing
Notes: This word describes something or someone as having a certain value, merit, or worth. It is used to indicate that something is deserving of a particular treatment, honor, or consequence, or that it is appropriate and fitting for a given situation. It often implies a correspondence between a person's character or actions and what they receive.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΠΡΕΠΗΣ
G2865
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: koh-MEE-sees-theh
Translations: you will receive, you will obtain, you will carry, you will bring, you will get back
Notes: This is a verb meaning to receive, obtain, carry, or bring. It is used to describe the act of getting something, whether it's a reward, a payment, or an object. It can also imply bringing something to someone or carrying something away. In the provided examples, it refers to receiving wages or obtaining a promise.
Inflection: Second Person Plural, Future, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G3114
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mah-kroh-thoo-MAY-sah-teh
Translations: be patient, have patience, endure, persevere, suffer long
Notes: This word means to be patient, to endure, or to suffer long. It implies a steadfastness of mind in the face of difficulties, provocation, or delay, without giving in to anger or despair. It is often used as a command to exercise patience.
Inflection: Aorist, Imperative, Active, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From the Greek words μακρός (makros), meaning 'long', and θυμός (thymos), meaning 'temper' or 'passion'. Thus, it literally means 'long-tempered' or 'long-suffering'.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G240
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Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun
Sounds like: al-LAY-lone
Translations: of one another, of each other
Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'of one another' or 'of each other'. It is used to indicate that an action or relationship is mutual among multiple subjects. It always appears in the plural and is used to express actions or relationships that are directed back and forth between individuals within a group.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Etymology: This word is derived from the reduplication of the stem of ἄλλος (ALLOS), meaning 'other'. The reduplication indicates reciprocity.
G4240
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: prah-OH-tee-tee
Translations: (to) meekness, (to) gentleness, (to) humility, a meekness, a gentleness, a humility
Notes: This word refers to the quality of meekness, gentleness, or humility. It describes a disposition that is mild, gentle, and humble, often in contrast to harshness or arrogance. It is used to convey a sense of quiet strength and patient endurance rather than weakness. In a sentence, it would describe the manner or attitude with which an action is performed or a characteristic of a person.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΕΙΚΕΙΑ, ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: meth
Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with
Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).
G3685
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-NAI-meen
Translations: may I benefit, may I profit, may I be helped, may I have joy, may I be useful
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to benefit,' 'to profit,' or 'to be helped.' It is often used in a wish or prayer, expressing a desire for advantage or joy from something or someone. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'may I benefit from you' or 'may I have joy from you.'
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Middle Voice, Optative Mood, Aorist Tense
Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tos
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) whole, (of) each
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ΠΑΣ' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'. It can refer to a part of a whole, or to the entirety of something. For example, 'of all things' or 'of every person'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
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