3 John Chapter 1, Interlinear version from Codex Sinaiticus (Beta)

3 John, Chapter 1

Interlinear version from Codex Sinaiticus (Beta)

1:1
1:2
1:3
1:4
1:5
1:6
1:7
1:8
1:9
1:10
1:11
1:12
1:13
1:14
1:15

1:1

Ο
- O
- the
ΠΡΕϹΒΥΤΕΡΟϹ
- PRESBYTEROS
- elder
ΓΑΙΩ
- GAIŌ
- Gaius
ΤΩ
- TŌ
- the
ΑΓΑΠΗΤΩ
- AGAPĒTŌ
- beloved
ΟΝ
- ON
- whom
ΕΓΩ
- EGŌ
- I
ΑΓΑΠΩ
- AGAPŌ
- love
ΕΝ
- EN
- in
ΑΛΗΘΙΑ
- ALĒTHIA
- truth

1:2

ΑΓΑΠΗΤΕ
- AGAPĒTE
- beloved
ΠΕΡΙ
- PERI
- concerning
ΠΑΝΤΩΝ
- PANTŌN
- all-things
ΕΥΧΟΜΕ
- EUCHOME
- I-pray
ϹΕ
- SE
- you
ΕΥΟΔΟΥϹΘΕ
- EUODOUSTHE
- to-prosper
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΥΓΙΑΙΝΕΙΝ
- YGIAINEIN
- to-be-healthy
ΚΑΘΩϹ
- KATHŌS
- just-as
ΕΥΟΔΟΥΤΑΙ
- EUODOUTAI
- prospers
ϹΟΥ
- SOU
- your
Η
- Ē
- the
ΨΥΧΗ
- PSYCHĒ
- inner-person
·
- ·

1:3

ΕΧΑΡΗΝ
- ECHARĒN
- I-rejoiced
ΛΙΑΝ
- LIAN
- greatly
ΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΩΝ
- ERCHOMENŌN
- coming
ΑΔΕΛΦΩ
- ADELPHŌ
- brothers
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΥΝΤΩΝ
- MARTYROUNTŌN
- testifying
ϹΟΥ
- SOU
- of-you
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- the
ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ
- ALĒTHEIA
- truth
ΚΑΘΩϹ
- KATHŌS
- just-as
ϹΥ
- SY
- you
ΕΝ
- EN
- in
ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ
- ALĒTHEIA
- truth
ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΙϹ
- PERIPATEIS
- walk

1:4

ΜΙΖΟΤΕΡΑΝ
- MIZOTERAN
- greater
ΤΟΥΤΩΝ
- TOUTŌN
- than-these
ΟΥΚ
- OUK
- not
ΕΧΩ
- ECHŌ
- I-have
ΧΑΡΑΝ
- CHARAN
- joy
ΙΝΑ
- INA
- in-order-that
ΑΚΟΥΩ
- AKOUŌ
- I-hear
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ΕΜΑ
- EMA
- my
ΤΕΚΝΑ
- TEKNA
- children
ΕΝ
- EN
- in
ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ
- ALĒTHEIA
- truth
ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΟΥΝΤΑ
- PERIPATOUNTA
- walking

1:5

ΑΓΑΠΗΤΕ
- AGAPĒTE
- beloved
˙
- ˙
- ?
ΠΙϹΤΟ
- PISTO
- faithful
ΠΟΙΕΙϹ
- POIEIS
- you-do
Ο
- O
- that-which
ΕΑΝ
- EAN
- if
ΕΡΓΑϹΗ
- ERGASĒ
- you-work
ΕΙϹ
- EIS
- into
ΤΟΥϹ
- TOUS
- the
ΑΔΕΛΦΟΥϹ
- ADELPHOUS
- brothers
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΤΟΥΤΟ
- TOUTO
- this
ΞΕΝΟΥϹ
- XENOUS
- strangers

1:6

ΟΙ
- OI
- the-ones
ΕΜΑΡΤΥΡΗϹΑΝ
- EMARTYRĒSAN
- bore-witness
ϹΟΥ
- SOU
- of-you
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- the
ΑΓΑΠΗ
- AGAPĒ
- love
ΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ
- ENŌPION
- before
ΕΚΚΛΗϹΙΑϹ
- EKKLĒSIAS
- congregation
ΟΥϹ
- OUS
- whom
ΚΑΛΩϹ
- KALŌS
- well
ΠΟΙΗϹΕΙϹ
- POIĒSEIS
- you-will-do
ΠΡΟΠΕΜΨΑϹ
- PROPEMPSAS
- having-sent-forward
ΑΞΙΩϹ
- AXIŌS
- worthily
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΘΥ
- THY
- God

1:7

ΥΠΕΡ
- YPER
- for-the-sake-of
ΓΑΡ
- GAR
- for
ΓΑΡ
- GAR
- for
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- the
ΟΝΟΜΑΤΟϹ
- ONOMATOS
- name
ΕΞΗΛΘΑΝ
- EXĒLTHAN
- they-went-out
ΜΗΔΕΝ
- MĒDEN
- nothing
ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕϹ
- LAMBANONTES
- taking
ΑΠΟ
- APO
- from
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- the
ΕΘΝΙΚΩ
- ETHNIKŌ
- Gentiles

1:8

ΗΜΕΙϹ
- ĒMEIS
- we
ΟΥΝ
- OUN
- therefore
ΟΦΙΛΟΜΕΝ
- OPHILOMEN
- ought
ΥΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΙΝ
- YPOLAMBANIN
- to-support
ΤΟΥϹ
- TOUS
- the
ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΥϹ
- TOIOUTOUS
- such-ones
ΙΝΑ
- INA
- in-order-that
ϹΥΝΕΡΓΟΙ
- SYNERGOI
- fellow-workers
ΓΙΝΩΜΕΘΑ
- GINŌMETHA
- we-may-become
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- to-the
(ΕΚΚΛΗϹΙΑ)
- (EKKLĒSIA)
- congregation
{CA:
- {CA:
- [editor name]
ΑΛΗΘΙΑ}·
- ALĒTHIA}·
- truth

1:9

ΕΓΡΑΨΑ
- EGRAPSA
- I-wrote
()
- ()
{CA:
- {CA:
- [editor name]
Α}
- A}
- (?)
(ΤΙ)
- (TI)
- (?)
{CA:
- {CA:
- [editor name]
[DELETED]}
- [DELETED]}
- [deleted]
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- to-the
ΕΚΚΛΗϹΙΑ
- EKKLĒSIA
- congregation
ΑΛΛ
- ALL
- but
Ο
- O
- the-one
ΦΙΛΟΠΡΩΤΕΥΩΝ
- PHILOPRŌTEUŌN
- loving-to-be-first
ΑΥΤΩΝ
- AUTŌN
- of-them
ΔΙΟΤΡΕΦΗϹ
- DIOTREPHĒS
- Diotrephes
ΟΥΚ
- OUK
- not
ΕΠΙΔΕΧΕΤΑΙ
- EPIDECHETAI
- receives
ΗΜΑϹ
- ĒMAS
- us

1:10

ΔΙΑ
- DIA
- because-of
ΤΟΥΤΟ
- TOUTO
- this
ΕΑΝ
- EAN
- if
ΕΛΘΩ
- ELTHŌ
- I-come
ΥΠΟΜΝΗϹΩ
- YPOMNĒSŌ
- I-will-remind
ΑΥΤΟΥ
- AUTOU
- his
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ΕΡΓΑ
- ERGA
- works
Α
- A
- which
ΠΟΙΕΙ
- POIEI
- he-does
ΛΟΓΟΙϹ
- LOGOIS
- with-words
ΠΟΝΗΡΟΙϹ
- PONĒROIS
- evil
ΦΛΟΙΑΡΩΝ
- PHLOIARŌN
- babbling
ΗΜΑϹ
- ĒMAS
- us
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΜΗ
- MĒ
- not
ΑΡΚΟΥΜΕΝΟϹ
- ARKOUMENOS
- being-content
ΕΠΙ
- EPI
- with
ΤΟΥΤΟΙϹ
- TOUTOIS
- these-things
ΟΥΤΕ
- OUTE
- neither
ΑΥΤΟϹ
- AUTOS
- he
ΕΠΙΔΕΧΕΤΕ
- EPIDECHETE
- receives
ΤΟΥϹ
- TOUS
- the
ΑΔΕΛΦΟΥϹ
- ADELPHOUS
- brothers
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΤΟΥϹ
- TOUS
- the
ΒΟΥΛΟΜΕΝΟΥϹ
- BOULOMENOUS
- ones-wishing
ΚΩΛΥΕΙ
- KŌLYEI
- he-hinders
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΤΗϹ
- TĒS
- the
ΕΚΚΛΗϹΙΑϹ
- EKKLĒSIAS
- congregation
ΕΚΒΑΛΛΕΙ
- EKBALLEI
- he-casts-out

1:11

ΑΓΑΠΗΤΕ
- AGAPĒTE
- beloved
ΜΗ
- MĒ
- not
ΜΙΜΟΥ
- MIMOU
- imitate
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΚΑΚΟΝ
- KAKON
- evil
ΑΛΛΑ
- ALLA
- but
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΑΓΑΘΟΝ
- AGATHON
- good
Ο
- O
- the-one-who
ΑΓΑΘΟΠΟΙΩΝ
- AGATHOPOIŌN
- does-good
ΕΚ
- EK
- out-of
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- the
ΘΥ
- THY
- of-God
ΕϹΤΙΝ
- ESTIN
- is
Ο
- O
- the-one-who
ΚΑΚΟΠΟΙΩΝ
- KAKOPOIŌN
- does-evil
ΟΥΧ
- OUCH
- not
ΕΩΡΑΚΕΝ
- EŌRAKEN
- has-seen
ΤΟΝ
- TON
- the
ΘΝ
- THN
- God
·
- ·

1:12

ΔΗΜΗΤΡΙΩ
- DĒMĒTRIŌ
- Demetrius
ΜΕΜΑΡΤΥΡΗΤΑΙ
- MEMARTYRĒTAI
- has-been-testified-about
ΥΠΟ
- YPO
- by
ΠΑΝΤΩΝ
- PANTŌN
- all
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΥΠΟ
- YPO
- by
ΑΥΤΗϹ
- AUTĒS
- itself
ΤΗϹ
- TĒS
- the
ΑΛΗΘΙΑϹ
- ALĒTHIAS
- truth
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΗΜΕΙϹ
- ĒMEIS
- we
ΔΕ
- DE
- also
ΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΥΜΕΝ
- MARTYROUMEN
- testify
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΟΙΔΑϹ
- OIDAS
- you-know
ΟΤΙ
- OTI
- that
Η
- Ē
- the
ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ
- MARTYRIA
- testimony
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- of-us
ΑΛΗΘΗϹ
- ALĒTHĒS
- true
ΕϹΤΙΝ
- ESTIN
- is

1:13

ΠΟΛΛΑ
- POLLA
- many
ΕΙΧΟΝ
- EICHON
- I-had
ΓΡΑΨΑΙ
- GRAPSAI
- to-write
ϹΟΙ
- SOI
- to-you
ΑΛΛ
- ALL
- but
ΟΥ
- OU
- not
ΘΕΛΩ
- THELŌ
- I-wish
ΔΙΑ
- DIA
- through
ΜΕΛΑΝΟϹ
- MELANOS
- ink
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΚΑΛΑΜΟΥ
- KALAMOU
- reed-pen
ϹΟΙ
- SOI
- to-you
ΓΡΑΦΕΙ
- GRAPHEI
- to-write

1:14

ΕΛΠΙΖΩ
- ELPIZŌ
- I-hope
ΔΕ
- DE
- but
ΕΥΘΕΩϹ
- EUTHEŌS
- immediately
ΙΔΕΙΝ
- IDEIN
- to-see
ϹΕ
- SE
- you
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ϹΤΟΜΑ
- STOMA
- mouth
ΠΡΟϹ
- PROS
- to
ϹΤΟΜΑ
- STOMA
- mouth
(ΛΑΛΗϹΑΜΕΝ)
- (LALĒSAMEN)
- (we-spoke)
{S1:
- {S1:
- [editor name]
ΛΑΛΗϹΟΜΕΝ}
- LALĒSOMEN}
- we-will-speak

1:15

ΕΙΡΗΝΗ
- EIRĒNĒ
- peace
ϹΟΙ
- SOI
- to-you
ΑϹΠΑΖΟΝΤΑΙ
- ASPAZONTAI
- they-greet
ϹΕ
- SE
- you
ΟΙ
- OI
- the
ΦΙΛΟΙ
- PHILOI
- friends
ΑϹΠΑϹΑΙ
- ASPASAI
- greet
ΤΟΥϹ
- TOUS
- the
ΦΙΛΟΥϹ
- PHILOUS
- friends
ΚΑΤ
- KAT
- according-to
ΟΝΟΜΑ
- ONOMA
- name

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G4245

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pres-BYOO-teh-ros

Translations: older, elder, an elder, old man, an old man

Notes: This word describes someone who is older in age or more advanced in years. It can be used as an adjective to describe an older person, or as a noun referring to an 'elder' or 'old man'. In a religious context, particularly in early Christianity, it refers to a leader or official in the church, often translated as 'elder' or 'presbyter'.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΕΡΩΝ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΣ

Etymology: From the comparative form of the adjective πρέσβυς (presbys), meaning 'old' or 'elderly'. It literally means 'older'.

G1093

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAH-yah

Translations: earth, land, ground, a land, a ground

Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or a less common form of ΓΑΙΑ (gaia), which means 'earth,' 'land,' or 'ground.' In the provided context, 'ΓΑΙΩΝ' is the genitive plural of ΓΑΙΑ, meaning 'of the lands' or 'of the earths.' It refers to the physical ground, a specific country or region, or the entire planet.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative (if it were ΓΑΙΑ); however, the provided word 'ΓΑΙΩ' is likely a misspelling of ΓΑΙΑ or a related form. If it were a verb, it would be a first-person singular present active indicative, but this is highly unlikely given the context.

Synonyms: ΓΗ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to the earth as a whole or as a specific land area.

G0027

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-gah-pay-TOH

Translations: (to) beloved, (to) dear, (to) a beloved one

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'beloved' or 'dear'. It is used to describe someone who is greatly loved or held in high esteem. In the dative case, as it appears here, it indicates the recipient of an action or the person to whom something is directed, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can be used to address someone affectionately or to refer to a cherished individual.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΣ, ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΣ

G1722

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G0225

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-lay-THEE-ah

Translations: truth, a truth

Notes: This word refers to truth, reality, or sincerity. It is often used to denote what is factual, genuine, or morally upright. It can be used in various contexts, such as speaking the truth, living in truth, or referring to the divine truth.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: From ἀληθής (alēthḗs, “true”), from ἀ- (a-, “un-”) + λήθη (lḗthē, “forgetfulness”). Thus, literally, 'un-forgetfulness' or 'that which is not hidden'.

G0027

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-gah-pee-TEH

Translations: beloved, dear, dear friend, O beloved, my dear

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'beloved,' 'dear,' or 'esteemed.' It is frequently used as a term of endearment or a form of address, similar to 'dear friend' or 'beloved one' in English. It conveys affection and close relationship.

Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ

Etymology: This word derives from the Greek verb 'agapao' (ἀγαπάω), meaning 'to love' or 'to have affection for.' It describes someone who is the object of such love.

G4012

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G2172

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: YOO-kho-meh

Translations: we pray, we wish, we vow, I pray, I wish, I vow

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'euchomai', meaning 'to pray', 'to wish', or 'to vow'. It describes the act of making a request or expressing a desire to a deity, or making a solemn promise. The specific form 'euchome' is likely a misspelling or a variant of 'euchomai' or 'euchomen', which would mean 'we pray/wish/vow' or 'I pray/wish/vow' respectively, depending on context and potential missing diacritics.

Inflection: First Person, Singular or Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ (euchomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁eugʰ-, meaning 'to speak solemnly, to vow'. It is related to words signifying prayer, vows, or boasts.

G2532

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G5198

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-gee-AHY-neen

Translations: to be healthy, to be well, to be sound, to keep well

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ΥΓΙΑΙΝΩ'. It means 'to be healthy' or 'to be in good health'. It is often used in greetings or farewells, similar to saying 'be well' or 'farewell'. It can also describe a state of soundness or integrity, not just physical health.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΠΡΑΤΤΕΙΝ, ΕΥ̓ΘΥΜΕΙΝ

Etymology: The verb 'ΥΓΙΑΙΝΩ' comes from the adjective 'ὑγιής' (hygiēs), meaning 'healthy' or 'sound'. This adjective is the source of the English word 'hygiene'.

G2531

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G3588, G3739, G2228

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G5590

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE

Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.

G3029

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Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: LEE-ahn

Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, much, extremely

Notes: This word is an adverb that means 'very' or 'exceedingly'. It is used to intensify the meaning of an adjective, another adverb, or a verb, indicating a high degree or extent of something. For example, it can be used to say 'very good' or 'greatly rejoice'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'smoothness' or 'plainness', which then developed into the meaning of 'very' or 'exceedingly'.

G2064

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: er-KHO-meh-nohn

Translations: of those coming, of those going, of those arriving, of those who come, of those who go, of those who arrive

Notes: ΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the present participle of the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action in progress. In this genitive plural form, it typically refers to 'of those who are coming/going' or 'of the ones coming/going', often indicating possession, origin, or the subject of an action in a genitive construction. It can refer to people or things.

Inflection: Present, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'. It is a common verb in Koine Greek, used to describe movement towards or away from a place.

G0080

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOH

Translations: to a brother, for a brother, a brother

Notes: This word refers to a brother, a fellow countryman, or a fellow believer. It is often used in a literal sense for a male sibling, but can also be used metaphorically to refer to someone who shares a common bond, such as a fellow member of a community or faith. It is a compound word, formed from 'a' (meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'delphys' (meaning 'womb'), thus literally 'from the same womb'. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΣ, ΟΜΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G3140

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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: mar-ty-ROON-ton

Translations: of those witnessing, of those testifying, of those bearing witness

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to witness' or 'to testify'. It describes an action of bearing witness or giving testimony. As a genitive plural, it typically refers to 'of those who are witnessing' or 'of those who are testifying', often indicating the source or subject of the testimony.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΩΝ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G225

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-LAY-thee-ah

Translations: truth, a truth

Notes: This word refers to truth, reality, or sincerity. It is often used to describe something that is factual, genuine, or in accordance with reality. It can also refer to the concept of truth as a moral or spiritual quality. For example, it might be used in a sentence to say 'the truth is in us' or 'we are of the truth'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΣ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ' comes from the Greek prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and 'λήθη' (lethe), meaning 'forgetfulness' or 'concealment'. Thus, it literally means 'un-forgetfulness' or 'un-concealment', implying that which is revealed or not hidden.

G3756

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G2192

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-khoh

Translations: have, hold, possess, keep, be able, be in a certain condition

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It can also mean 'to possess', 'to keep', or 'to be in a certain state or condition'. It is used in a wide variety of contexts to indicate possession, capability, or a state of being.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to Latin 'habeo' (to have) and English 'have'.

G2443

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Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G0191

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-KOO-oh

Translations: hear, listen, obey, understand

Notes: This word is a verb meaning "to hear" or "to listen." It can also carry the sense of "to understand" or "to obey," especially when used in contexts where hearing implies a response or compliance. It is commonly used to describe the act of perceiving sound or receiving information through the ears.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΚΟΥΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to hear'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to the act of hearing.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G4043

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-pah-TOON-tah

Translations: walking, going about, living, conducting oneself, those walking, those going about

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ', meaning 'to walk' or 'to go about'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can refer to physical movement, but often in Koine Greek, it metaphorically describes one's manner of life, conduct, or behavior. For example, 'walking in truth' means 'living truthfully'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΔΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ' is a compound word formed from 'ΠΕΡΙ' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and 'ΠΑΤΕΩ' (pateo), meaning 'to tread' or 'to walk'. Thus, it literally means 'to walk around'.

G4103

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PIS-toh

Translations: faithful, trustworthy, reliable, believing, a believer

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is faithful, trustworthy, or reliable. It can also refer to a person who is a believer or has faith. It is often used to describe God as faithful, or a person as a faithful servant.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter; or Singular, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ, ΕΓΓΥΟΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ΠΕΙΘΩ (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to trust'. It conveys the idea of being persuaded or convinced, and thus trustworthy or believing.

G1437

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Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.

G2038

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: er-GAH-see

Translations: you work, you accomplish, you perform, you do, you trade, you labor, you cultivate

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'εργαζομαι' (ergazomai), meaning 'to work' or 'to accomplish'. It describes the act of performing a task, laboring, or engaging in an activity that produces a result. It can also refer to trading or cultivating land. In the provided context, it appears to be used in a sense of completing or working on something.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΔΡΑΩ

G1519, G1520

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3778

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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G3581

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: XEH-noos

Translations: strangers, foreigners, guests, hosts

Notes: This word refers to individuals who are not native to a particular place or community. It can mean a stranger, a foreigner, or someone who is visiting as a guest. In some contexts, it can also refer to the host who entertains guests. It is used in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΙΚΟΥΣ, ΑΛΛΟΓΕΝΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΞΕΝΟΣ (xenos) comes from Proto-Indo-European *gʰsénos, meaning 'guest, stranger, foreigner'. It is related to Latin hostis ('stranger, enemy') and hospes ('guest, host').

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G0026

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GAH-pay

Translations: love, charity, affection, a love

Notes: This word refers to a specific kind of love, often described as unconditional, benevolent, and self-sacrificing. It is distinct from other Greek words for love like 'eros' (romantic love) or 'philia' (brotherly love). In Koine Greek, especially in the New Testament, it denotes a divine or spiritual love, often commanded or exemplified by God. It can be used in sentences to describe the love between God and humanity, between believers, or even love for one's enemies.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of 'agape' is uncertain, but it is thought to be a pre-Greek word or derived from a root meaning 'to be fond of'. In classical Greek, it was not a prominent term for love, but it gained significant theological importance in Koine Greek, particularly in the Septuagint and the New Testament, where it was chosen to describe God's unique and unconditional love.

G1799

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on

Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, in front of

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or an improper preposition, meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It is used to indicate a position directly in front of someone or something, or to denote being under the observation or authority of someone. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition 'ἐν' (en, meaning 'in') and 'ὤψ' (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'countenance'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.

G1577

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-as

Translations: of the church, of an assembly, of the congregation, churches, assemblies, congregations

Notes: This word refers to a gathering of people, an assembly, or a congregation. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Christian church, either a local gathering of believers or the universal body of believers. It can also refer to a secular assembly or a mob. The form 'ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑΣ' can be either the genitive singular (indicating possession or origin, 'of the church') or the accusative plural (indicating the direct object, 'churches').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ

G4311

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pro-PEM-psas

Translations: having sent forth, having sent on, having escorted, having accompanied, having helped on one's journey

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, masculine, singular, nominative case, derived from the verb 'προπέμπω'. It describes an action completed in the past, indicating that the subject has performed the action of sending someone forth, escorting them, or helping them on their journey. It can be used to describe someone who has provided assistance for travel or has seen someone off.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΣΥΝΟΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word προπέμπω (propempō) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and the verb πέμπω (pempō), meaning 'to send'. Thus, it literally means 'to send forward' or 'to send on one's way'.

G3588, G3778

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2316

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

G5228

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G1063

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Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G1831

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-AYL-than

Translations: they went out, they came out, they departed, they went forth, they came forth

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΚ (out of) and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (to come or go). It means to go out, come out, or depart from a place. It is used to describe the action of moving from an interior space to an exterior one, or from one location to another, often with the implication of leaving something behind.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition ΕΚ (meaning 'out of' or 'from') and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (meaning 'to come' or 'to go'). ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ itself is an ancient Greek verb with roots in Proto-Indo-European, signifying movement.

G3367

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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G2983

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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: lam-BAH-non-tes

Translations: taking, receiving, getting, seizing, obtaining, accepting

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take', 'to receive', or 'to get'. As a participle, it describes an action that is happening concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'taking', 'receiving', or 'those who are taking/receiving', depending on the context. It implies an ongoing or continuous action of acquiring something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G0575

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G3767

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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G3784

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-FEI-loh-men

Translations: we ought, we owe, we must, we should, we are indebted

Notes: This word means 'we ought' or 'we owe'. It is used to express a moral obligation, a duty, or a necessity. It can also refer to a financial debt or an obligation to pay something. In the provided examples, it consistently conveys a sense of 'we ought' or 'we must' do something.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ

Etymology: The word ὀφείλω (opheilō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to be indebted' or 'to owe'. It is related to concepts of obligation and debt.

G5274

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-lam-BAH-nin

Translations: to receive, to take up, to suppose, to assume, to answer, to reply, to welcome, to entertain

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to receive,' 'to take up,' 'to suppose,' 'to assume,' or 'to answer/reply.' It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, meaning 'under' or 'from below') and 'λαμβάνω' (lambano, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). The specific meaning often depends on the context. For example, it can mean to take someone up (e.g., into a cloud), to receive someone (e.g., as a guest), or to form an opinion or supposition about something. The ending '-ΙΝ' suggests it is likely a variant or misspelling of the infinitive form '-ΕΙΝ' (hupolambanein).

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ

G5108

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toy-OO-tooss

Translations: such, such a kind, such as these, such people

Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to refer to persons or things that have been previously mentioned or are implied by the context. It describes the quality or nature of something, indicating that it is of the type or character just described or understood.

Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (this) and the correlative particle 'τοῖος' (such).

G1577

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-ah

Translations: assembly, congregation, church, an assembly, a congregation, a church

Notes: This word refers to an assembly of citizens summoned for a specific purpose, often for public deliberation or religious gathering. In the New Testament, it primarily denotes the Christian community, either a local congregation or the universal body of believers. It is a compound word derived from 'ek' (out of) and 'kaleo' (to call), literally meaning 'a calling out' or 'those called out'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ is derived from the Greek preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΚΑΛΕΩ (kaleo), meaning 'to call'. It originally referred to a formal assembly of citizens in ancient Greek city-states, summoned by a herald.

G1125

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EG-rap-sa

Translations: I wrote, I have written

Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It indicates a completed action in the past, specifically 'I wrote' or 'I have written'. It is used to describe an action of writing that occurred at a specific point in the past.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gerbh- 'to scratch, carve'. The meaning evolved from 'to scratch, engrave' to 'to write'.

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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G5101

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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G0235

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, however, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a contrast, an exception, or an emphasis. It often translates to 'but' or 'yet' when contrasting two ideas, or 'rather' when correcting a previous statement. It can also be used to add emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is an indeclinable particle.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G5381

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: fee-loh-proh-TEH-oo-ohn

Translations: loving to be first, desiring preeminence, one who loves to be first, a lover of preeminence

Notes: This word is a compound participle meaning 'loving to be first' or 'desiring preeminence'. It describes someone who seeks to be the leader or to hold the highest position. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun or as a substantive (acting as a noun) referring to such a person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΕΥΩΝ, ΦΙΛΟΔΟΞΟΣ

G1361

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Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: dee-oh-TREH-fays

Translations: Diotrephes

Notes: Diotrephes is a proper noun, referring to a specific individual mentioned in the New Testament. He is described as someone who loves to be first among the believers and who does not accept the authority of others. As a proper noun, it functions as the name of a person in a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Diotrephes is of Greek origin, meaning 'nourished by Zeus' or 'cherished by Zeus'. It is a compound word derived from 'Dios' (Διός), the genitive form of Zeus (Ζεύς), and 'trepho' (τρέφω), meaning 'to nourish' or 'to rear'.

G1926

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pi-DEH-kheh-tai

Translations: receives, accepts, admits, welcomes, entertains

Notes: This word means to receive, accept, or admit someone or something. It implies a willingness to welcome or acknowledge. It can be used in various contexts, such as receiving a person, accepting a teaching, or admitting a claim.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the prefix ΕΠΙ (upon, to) and the verb ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ (to receive). It literally means 'to receive upon' or 'to receive in addition'.

G1223

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G5279

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pom-NEE-soh

Translations: remind, bring to remembrance, put in mind of

Notes: This verb means to remind someone of something, or to bring something to their remembrance. It is often used in the context of recalling past events or teachings to someone's mind. It can be used transitively, taking an object that is being reminded.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ΜΝΗΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word Ὑπομιμνήσκω is a compound word formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by', and the verb μιμνήσκω (mimnēskō), meaning 'to remind' or 'to remember'. The prefix ὑπό here intensifies the action or suggests a subtle or indirect reminder.

G3361

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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1909

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G5124

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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G0846

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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G1926

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-DEH-kheh-teh

Translations: receive, accept, admit, allow, permit, endure, tolerate

Notes: This word is an inflection of the verb 'ἐπιδέχομαι' (epidechomai), meaning 'to receive in addition,' 'to admit,' 'to allow,' or 'to tolerate.' It describes the act of taking something upon oneself, accepting a situation, or permitting an action. In the provided form, it is likely a second person plural present active indicative, meaning 'you (plural) receive/admit/allow,' or it could be a second person plural present active imperative, meaning 'receive/admit/allow!' (you plural). It can also mean 'to endure' or 'to tolerate.'

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'ἐπιδέχομαι' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition,' and the verb 'δέχομαι' (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept.'

G1014

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: boo-LOH-meh-noos

Translations: wishing, desiring, intending, purposing, those wishing, those desiring, those intending

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'βούλομαι', meaning 'to wish' or 'to desire'. It describes someone who is in the act of wishing or desiring something. In this form, it functions adjectivally or substantively, often translated as 'those wishing' or 'those desiring', depending on the context.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Accusative Case, Masculine or Feminine Gender, Plural Number

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΥΝΤΑΣ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1544

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-BAL-lee

Translations: he casts out, he throws out, he drives out, he sends out, he brings out, he puts out, he expels, he divorces, he leads out, he takes out

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ΕΚ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'ΒΑΛΛΩ' (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. Therefore, 'ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ' literally means 'to throw out' or 'to cast out'. It is used in various contexts to describe the action of expelling, driving away, sending forth, or removing something or someone from a place or state. It can refer to casting out demons, expelling people from a community, divorcing a spouse, or simply bringing something out from a container.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΕΞΑΓΩ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2556

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KAH-kon

Translations: evil, bad, harmful, wicked, a bad thing, an evil thing, a wrong, a misfortune, a disaster

Notes: This word describes something that is bad, evil, or harmful. It can refer to moral wickedness, physical harm, or general poor quality. When used as a substantive (like a noun), it refers to an evil thing, a wrong, or a misfortune. It can be used to describe actions, intentions, or conditions.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek or from an unknown root.

G0235

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G0018

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-gah-THON

Translations: good, a good thing, what is good, beneficial, virtuous

Notes: This word describes something as good, beneficial, or virtuous. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its positive quality. It can also be used substantively as a neuter noun, meaning 'a good thing' or 'what is good', referring to a moral or material benefit.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word originates from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'good' or 'able'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G0015

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-gah-thoh-poy-OHN

Translations: doing good, well-doing, a well-doer, a good person

Notes: This word is a compound, combining 'good' (ἀγαθός) and 'doing/making' (ποιέω). It describes someone who performs good deeds or acts righteously. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a substantive noun, referring to a person who does good.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present Active Participle. It can also be a Nominative or Accusative Masculine or Neuter singular noun.

Synonyms: ΕΥΠΟΙΩΝ, ΚΑΛΟΠΟΙΩΝ

G1537

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G2554

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-koh-poy-OHN

Translations: evildoer, one who does evil, malefactor, a wrongdoer

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who does evil' or 'an evildoer'. It describes someone who habitually or actively engages in bad actions. It is a compound word formed from 'κακός' (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil', and 'ποιέω' (poieo), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. Thus, it literally means 'one who does bad'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΩΛΟΣ, ΑΝΟΜΟΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ

G3756

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Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH

Translations: no, not, never, by no means

Notes: This word is a negative adverb used to express absolute negation. It is typically used before a vowel with a rough breathing mark (like 'ουχί' or 'οὐχ') or before a consonant with a smooth breathing mark (like 'οὐκ'). It denies a statement or fact, indicating that something is not true or does not exist. It can be used to negate verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂u- meaning 'not'. It is an ancient Greek negative particle.

G3140

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-mar-too-REE-tai

Translations: has been testified, has been borne witness to, has been attested, has been given a good report

Notes: This word is a perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'μαρτυρέω' (martyreō), meaning 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'. In this form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results, where the subject is the recipient of the action (it has been testified about). It implies that someone or something has received testimony or a good report.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΩ, ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΣΥΜΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ

G5259

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G1161

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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3754

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G3141

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mar-too-REE-ah

Translations: testimony, witness, evidence, a testimony

Notes: This word refers to a testimony, witness, or evidence, often given in a legal or formal context. It can also refer to the act of bearing witness or providing proof. It is typically used to describe a statement or declaration that confirms or proves something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΣ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: From the Greek word μάρτυς (martys), meaning 'witness'. It refers to the act or content of bearing witness.

G0227

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-lay-THAYS

Translations: true, real, genuine, truthful, a true one, a real one

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'true' or 'real'. It describes something that is not false, counterfeit, or imaginary, but rather corresponds to reality or fact. It can refer to a person who is truthful, a statement that is accurate, or a thing that is authentic. It is often used to emphasize the genuine nature of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΤΥΜΟΣ, ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΛΗΘΗΣ' (alēthēs) comes from the Greek prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and 'λήθη' (lēthē), meaning 'forgetfulness' or 'oblivion'. Thus, it literally means 'un-forgetting' or 'not hidden', implying that which is revealed, evident, and therefore true.

G4183

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G4771

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Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G3756, G3757

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G2309

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: THEH-loh

Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to will, to intend, to be willing

Notes: This verb expresses a desire, intention, or willingness to do something. It can be used to indicate a strong personal wish or a divine will. It often takes an infinitive to complete its meaning, indicating what is wished or willed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷhelh₁- (to want, wish). It is related to the English word 'will' (as in 'free will').

G1679

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: el-PEE-zoh

Translations: hope, expect, trust, believe

Notes: This verb means to hope, to expect, or to trust in something or someone. It implies a confident expectation or a strong belief in a future event or outcome. It can be used to express a general sense of hope or a specific expectation regarding a particular situation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to anticipate' or 'to look forward to'. It is related to the noun 'ελπίς' (elpis), meaning 'hope'.

G2112

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Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: yoo-THEH-ohs

Translations: immediately, at once, straightway, forthwith, as soon as

Notes: This adverb signifies an action happening without delay, instantly, or directly. It is often used to emphasize the swiftness or suddenness of an event. It can also imply a direct or straightforward manner of action. In narrative contexts, it frequently serves to advance the plot quickly.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective εὐθύς (euthys), meaning 'straight, direct, immediate'. The suffix -ως is a common adverbial ending in Koine Greek.

G1492

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DEIN

Translations: to see, to perceive, to know, to behold, to look

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It describes the action of seeing or perceiving something, often with the implication of understanding or experiencing it. It can be used in various contexts to express visual perception, mental apprehension, or even the act of experiencing an event.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΙΔΩ (eido) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is a very common and fundamental verb in Koine Greek, with various forms and derivatives used throughout the New Testament and other ancient texts.

G4750

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STOH-mah

Translations: mouth, an mouth, opening, edge, speech, utterance

Notes: This word refers to the mouth of a person or animal. It can also metaphorically refer to an opening or entrance, such as the mouth of a river or a cave. Furthermore, it is often used to denote speech, utterance, or the edge of a sword or other sharp object, implying the 'cutting' or 'speaking' part. It is a neuter noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΤΟΜΑΤΟΣ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΙ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'mouth' or 'opening'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G4314

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G2980

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-lee-SOH-men

Translations: we will speak, we will say, we will talk

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. ΛΑΛΗΣΟΜΕΝ is the first person plural future indicative active form, meaning 'we will speak' or 'we will say'. It describes an action of speaking that will happen in the future, often referring to a direct verbal communication.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Future Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΩ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΛΑΛΕΩ is of imitative origin, likely derived from the sound of babbling or chattering. It is an onomatopoeic word that developed to mean 'to speak' or 'to talk'.

G1515

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: i-RAY-nay

Translations: peace, a peace, tranquility, harmony, rest, prosperity

Notes: This word refers to a state of peace, tranquility, or harmony. It can denote the absence of conflict, a sense of well-being, or even prosperity. It is often used in greetings or farewells, wishing someone well, and can refer to both internal peace and external societal peace.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΡΗΝΗ is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from a verb meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together', suggesting a state of unity or agreement.

G0782

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ahs-PAH-zon-tai

Translations: they greet, they salute, they embrace, they welcome

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to greet,' 'to salute,' 'to embrace,' or 'to welcome.' It is often used in the context of exchanging greetings or showing affection and respect to someone. It can also imply a warm reception or a farewell.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΕΤΕ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΟΥΣΙΝ

Etymology: The word ΑΣΠΑΖΟΜΑΙ is likely derived from the prefix ἀσ- (as-), an intensive form of a- (a-), and σπάω (spaō), meaning 'to draw' or 'to pull.' The middle voice suggests an action done to oneself or for oneself, hence 'to draw to oneself' in a welcoming or embracing manner.

G5384

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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: fee-LOOS

Translations: friends, beloved ones, dear ones, beloved, dear

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'beloved one', or as an adjective meaning 'dear' or 'beloved'. It is used to refer to individuals or groups who are cherished, loved, or closely associated with someone. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to 'friends' or 'beloved ones' in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

G2596

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Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G3686

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority, title

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or authority, as a name often represents the essence of a person or entity. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'name'. It is cognate with Latin 'nomen' and English 'name'.

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2001 Translation

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3 John, Chapter 1

Interlinear version from Codex Sinaiticus (Beta)

1:1

1:2

1:3

1:4

1:5

1:6

1:7

1:8

1:9

1:10

1:11

1:12

1:13

1:14

1:15

This interlinear database is in beta