2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-TEI-lah-men

Translations: I commanded, I ordered, I charged

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to command', 'to order', or 'to charge'. It is used when someone gives an instruction or a directive to another person or group. For example, it can be used to describe God giving a command to people, or a person giving an instruction to their subordinates.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist, Middle Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΕΛΕΎΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΆΣΣΩ, ἘΠΙΤΆΣΣΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐν (en, "in") and τέλλω (tellō, "to accomplish, to perform"). It originally meant 'to put upon, to enjoin upon', evolving to 'to command'.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G5346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PHAY-sin

Translations: he says, she says, it says, he said, she said, it said

Notes: This word is a common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone else has said or to introduce a direct quote. It can be translated as 'he says', 'she says', or 'it says', and often implies 'he/she/it said' in narrative contexts.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΗΜΙ (phēmi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak' or 'to show'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of speaking or declaring.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1785

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-toh-LEE

Translations: commandment, a commandment, command, an order, instruction, a precept

Notes: This word refers to a command, an order, or an instruction, often with a sense of divine or authoritative decree. It is frequently used in religious contexts to denote a divine law or precept that must be obeyed. It can be used in sentences like 'He gave a commandment' or 'They kept the commandments.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΔΙΑΤΑΓΗ, ΝΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐντολή (entolḗ, “command, order”), from ἐντέλλω (entéllō, “I command, enjoin”), from ἐν (en, “in”) + τέλλω (téllō, “I accomplish, perform”).

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G5442

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foo-LAX-ace

Translations: you may guard, you may keep, you may observe, you may protect, you will guard, you will keep, you will observe, you will protect

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to guard, keep, observe, or protect. It can refer to guarding a person or thing, keeping a command or law, or observing a custom. It is used in contexts where careful attention, preservation, or adherence is required.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active OR Second Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΥΛΑΚΗ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ comes from the noun φυλακή (phylakē), meaning 'a guarding' or 'a watch'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1466

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eng-KRAH-ti-an

Translations: self-control, temperance, self-restraint, a self-control, a temperance, a self-restraint

Notes: This word refers to the virtue of self-control, particularly in regard to one's desires and passions. It implies a mastery over one's impulses and appetites, leading to a disciplined and moderate lifestyle. It is often used in contexts relating to moral discipline and ethical conduct.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΩΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΕΓΚΡΑΤΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΓΚΡΑΤΕΙΑ (enkrateia) comes from the Greek prefix ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'within', and κράτος (kratos), meaning 'strength' or 'power'. Thus, it literally means 'power over oneself' or 'mastery within'.

G3483

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: NAH-ee

Translations: yes, truly, indeed, even so, assuredly

Notes: This word is an adverb used to express affirmation, agreement, or strong assertion. It can be translated as 'yes' in response to a question, or 'truly' and 'indeed' to emphasize a statement. It often conveys a sense of certainty or confirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΜΗΝ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΝΑΙ' comes from an ancient Greek particle expressing affirmation. Its origin is uncertain, but it is found in various forms across different Indo-European languages with similar meanings of affirmation or assent.

G5346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FEE-mee

Translations: say, speak, declare, affirm, assert

Notes: This verb means 'to say,' 'to speak,' or 'to declare.' It is often used to introduce direct speech or to affirm a statement. It can be used in various tenses and moods to express an action of speaking or stating something.

Inflection: Present Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular; or Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak, tell, say.' It is related to Latin 'fari' (to speak) and English 'fame'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: THEH-loh

Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to will, to intend, to be willing

Notes: This verb expresses a desire, intention, or willingness to do something. It can be used to indicate a strong personal wish or a divine will. It often takes an infinitive to complete its meaning, indicating what is wished or willed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷhelh₁- (to want, wish). It is related to the English word 'will' (as in 'free will').

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G1753

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-er-GEY-ah-ee

Translations: workings, operations, activities, effects, powers

Notes: This word refers to active power, operation, or effect. It often denotes a divine or supernatural working, energy, or influence, emphasizing the active exertion of power rather than just potential. It can describe the effective working of something, such as God's power or spiritual gifts.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΕΙΣ, ΕΡΓΑ, ΠΡΑΞΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΕΡΓΕΙΑ (energeia) is a compound word derived from ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in', and ΕΡΓΟΝ (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. It literally means 'in-work' or 'at-work', emphasizing active operation or effectiveness.

G2749

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KAY-n-tai

Translations: they lie, they are laid, they are placed, they are set, they are appointed, they are destined

Notes: This word is a verb meaning "to lie," "to be laid," or "to be placed." It is often used to describe the position of something, or to indicate that something has been set or appointed for a particular purpose. For example, it can refer to objects lying on the ground, or to laws being laid down.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΠΙΠΤΩ

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G1344

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-KAH-ee-oh

Translations: I justify, I declare righteous, I make righteous, I acquit

Notes: This verb means to justify, to declare someone righteous, or to make them righteous. It can also mean to acquit someone of a charge. It is used to describe the act of God declaring or making people righteous in His sight, or to describe a legal process of vindication.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΑΘΩΟΩ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. The verb form means to render or declare someone righteous.

G91

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-dee-KEH-oh

Translations: to do wrong, to act unjustly, to injure, to harm, to wrong

Notes: This verb means to act unjustly, to do wrong, or to harm someone. It describes the action of committing an injustice or causing injury. It can be used to describe someone who is behaving unfairly or causing damage to another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΣΕΒΕΩ, ἈΝΟΜΕΩ, ἈΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἄδικος (adikos), meaning 'unjust', which is a compound of ἀ- (a-), a privative prefix meaning 'not', and δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. Thus, it literally means 'to be not just' or 'to act without justice'.

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pis-TEH-yeh

Translations: believe, trust, have faith, entrust, commit

Notes: This word means to believe, to trust, or to have faith in someone or something. It can also mean to entrust or commit something to someone. It is often used in the context of religious faith, but can also refer to general trust or belief in a statement or person. It is a common verb in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word πιστεύω (pisteuō) comes from the noun πίστις (pistis), meaning 'faith' or 'trust'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G3717

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: or-THAIN

Translations: straight, right, correct, a straight (one), a right (one)

Notes: This word describes something that is straight, upright, or correct. It can refer to a physical path that is not crooked, or metaphorically to a judgment, opinion, or way of life that is just and proper. It is often used to describe a path or way that is morally or ethically sound.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΘΥΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ἈΛΗΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word ὈΡΘΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to rise, to grow'. It is related to words signifying 'upright' or 'straight'.

G3717

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: or-THEH

Translations: straight, right, upright, correct, a straight (thing), a right (thing)

Notes: This word describes something as being straight, upright, or correct. It can refer to a physical path that is not crooked, or to a moral or intellectual concept that is right or proper. It is often used to describe a way, a judgment, or a heart.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative; or Feminine, Singular, Vocative; or Feminine, Plural, Nominative; or Feminine, Plural, Accusative; or Neuter, Plural, Nominative; or Neuter, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΗΣ

G3598

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-DOH

Translations: to a way, to a road, to a journey, to a path, to a course, to a manner, to a way of life, to a custom, to a means, to a method, to a direction, to a journey, to a travel, to a passage, to a street, to a highway, to a route, to a track, to a trail

Notes: This word refers to a way, road, or path, and can also metaphorically mean a journey, course of action, or manner of life. It is used to indicate movement along a physical route or to describe a particular custom or method. In this dative form, it often indicates the recipient or direction of an action, or the means by which something is done.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΣ, ΚΕΛΕΥΘΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G4761

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: STREB-lay

Translations: perverse, crooked, twisted, a perverse (thing/person)

Notes: This word describes something that is twisted, crooked, or distorted, often in a moral or ethical sense, meaning perverse or depraved. It can refer to a person's character, actions, or even a physical path that is not straight. It is used to describe something that deviates from what is right or proper.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΛΙΟΣ, ΔΙΕΣΤΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΕΒΛΟΣ (streblos) comes from the verb στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn' or 'to twist'. It describes something that has been turned or twisted out of its proper shape or course.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G0422

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-no-DEE-as

Translations: difficulty, a difficulty, impediment, an impediment, obstacle, an obstacle

Notes: This word is a compound noun formed from the negative prefix 'ἀν-' (an-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'ὁδός' (hodos, meaning 'way' or 'road'). It refers to a state of being without a clear path or way, thus signifying a difficulty, an impediment, or an obstacle. It describes something that hinders progress or makes a journey difficult.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΟΜΜΑ, ΕΜΠΟΔΙΟΝ, ΔΥΣΚΟΛΙΑ

G4349

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-KUM-mah-tah

Translations: stumbling block, an offense, a cause of stumbling, a hindrance, an obstacle

Notes: This word refers to an obstacle or something that causes one to stumble, either literally or figuratively. It can represent a hindrance to progress, a cause of offense, or something that leads someone into sin or error. It is often used in a moral or spiritual sense to describe anything that might cause someone to fall away from faith or righteous conduct.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΚΑΝΔΑΛΟΝ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΠΗ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΚΟΜΜΑ (proskomma) is derived from the verb προσκόπτω (proskoptō), meaning 'to strike against, to stumble'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, against', and κόπτω (koptō), meaning 'to strike, to cut'.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: por-yoo-OH-men-oys

Translations: going, walking, traveling, journeying, departing, proceeding

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'those who are going' or 'those who are walking'. It describes an ongoing action of movement, whether literally walking, traveling, or metaphorically proceeding in a certain manner. It is often used to describe people who are on a journey or moving from one place to another.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: por-YOO-meh-noy

Translations: going, walking, traveling, journeying, those who are going, those who are walking

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'going' or 'walking'. It describes an ongoing action of movement. It can be used to refer to individuals who are in the process of moving from one place to another, often implying a journey or a specific direction. For example, it might describe 'those who are going' or 'people who are walking'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G0067

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ap-ros-KO-pos

Translations: without offense, without stumbling, blamelessly, without giving offense, without causing offense, without hindrance, smoothly, unimpededly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'without offense' or 'without stumbling'. It describes an action performed in a way that does not cause others to stumble or be offended, or in a way that is free from obstacles or hindrances. It can refer to a blameless conduct or a smooth, unimpeded process.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΜΕΜΠΤΩΣ, ΑΚΩΛΥΤΩΣ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G4851

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: sym-fo-ROH-teh-ron

Translations: more profitable, more advantageous, more expedient, more useful, a more profitable thing

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'σύμφορος' (sýmphoros), meaning 'profitable' or 'advantageous'. Therefore, 'συμφορώτερον' means 'more profitable' or 'more advantageous'. It describes something that is more beneficial or expedient in a given situation. It is used to compare two or more things and indicate which one is superior in terms of benefit or utility.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΙΜΩΤΕΡΟΝ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΩΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word σύμφορος (sýmphoros) is a compound word derived from the preposition σύν (sýn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb φέρω (phérō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. Thus, it literally means 'bearing together' or 'bringing together', which evolved to signify 'advantageous' or 'profitable'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOW-tay

Translations: of this, to this, by this, with this, this

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a feminine singular form, it can function as either a genitive case, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of this woman'), or a dative case, indicating indirect object or means (e.g., 'to this woman' or 'by means of this'). Its precise meaning depends on the context and the preposition it might be used with.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗ, ΕΚΕΙΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'οὗτος' (houtos), from which 'ταύτῃ' is derived, is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek. It is believed to have originated from a combination of the definite article and a pronominal stem, indicating proximity or reference to something previously mentioned.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: por-YOO-see

Translations: you will go, you will depart, you will travel, you will proceed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to go', 'to depart', 'to travel', or 'to proceed'. It is used to describe movement from one place to another, or the act of setting out on a journey. It can also refer to a course of action or conduct. In the provided examples, it is used in the future tense, indicating an action that will happen.

Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Indicative, Second Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G2588

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kar-DEE-as

Translations: of heart, of a heart, of mind, of soul, of inner self, of conscience, of courage, of will

Notes: This word refers to the physical heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of one's being, including thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used to denote the inner person, the seat of spiritual and moral life. For example, it can refer to the core of one's beliefs or the source of one's intentions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΝΟΥΣ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.