2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GRA-foh

Translations: I write, I draw, I record, I inscribe

Notes: This verb means 'to write' or 'to draw'. It is commonly used to describe the act of putting words or symbols onto a surface, such as paper or a tablet. It can also refer to the act of recording information or composing a text.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΝΑΓΡΑΦΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gerbh- 'to scratch, to carve'. In ancient Greek, it evolved to mean 'to scratch, to draw, to write'.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G0264

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hah-mar-TAY-teh

Translations: you sin, you may sin, you should sin, you commit a sin, you may commit a sin, you should commit a sin

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to sin' or 'to miss the mark'. It is often used in a moral or ethical sense, referring to the act of committing an offense against God or a moral standard. In the provided examples, it is used in the subjunctive mood, indicating a potential or desired action, such as 'that you may not sin' or 'if you should sin'.

Inflection: Second Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΑΣΕΒΕΩ

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G3875

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-RAH-klee-ton

Translations: Comforter, a Comforter, Advocate, an Advocate, Helper, a Helper, Counselor, a Counselor

Notes: This word refers to someone called alongside to help, advise, or intercede. In the New Testament, it is most famously used to describe the Holy Spirit, who is sent to comfort, guide, and advocate for believers. It can also refer to a legal advocate or intercessor.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΟΣ, ΣΥΝΗΓΟΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παρακαλέω (parakaléō, “to call to one's aid, summon, exhort, comfort”), from παρά (pará, “beside, alongside”) + καλέω (kaléō, “to call”).

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EKH-oh-men

Translations: we have, we hold, we possess

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In this specific form, it indicates that 'we' are the ones who have or hold something. It can be used in various contexts to express possession, capability, or a state of being.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The Greek verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have, to overcome'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with a wide range of meanings and uses.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-TEH-ra

Translations: Father, a Father

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΠΑΤΕΡΑ (PATERA), meaning 'Father'. It is the accusative singular form of the noun ΠΑΤΗΡ (PATER), which means 'father'. In ancient Greek manuscripts, scribes often abbreviated common words, especially sacred names (nomina sacra), by using an overline to indicate the contraction. This particular abbreviation, ‾ΠΡ‾Α, is used when the word 'Father' is the direct object of a verb or preposition, such as 'towards the Father' or 'I live because of the Father'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'father'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G2434

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-las-MOS

Translations: propitiation, an atoning sacrifice, expiation

Notes: This word refers to the act of appeasing or making propitious, often in a religious context. It signifies a means by which sin is covered or atoned for, making reconciliation possible. It can describe the act itself or the means by which it is accomplished, such as a sacrifice.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΛΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΕΞΙΛΑΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἱλάσκομαι (hilaskomai), meaning 'to propitiate, to make atonement for'.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G266

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hah-mar-tee-OHN

Translations: of sins, of a sin

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" (hamartia), which means "sin" or "missing the mark." It refers to actions, thoughts, or states that fall short of God's standard or will. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or relation, often translated as "of sins" or "concerning sins." It is frequently used in contexts discussing forgiveness, repentance, or the consequences of wrongdoing.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" is a compound word derived from the prefix "α-" (a-), meaning "not" or "without," and "μερος" (meros), meaning "part" or "share," or from "μαρτάνω" (martano), meaning "to miss the mark." It originally referred to an archer missing the target and evolved to mean a moral or spiritual failure.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G2251

Part of Speech: Possessive Pronoun

Sounds like: hay-meh-TEH-rohn

Translations: (of) our, (of) ours

Notes: This word is a possessive pronoun meaning 'our' or 'ours'. It indicates possession by a group including the speaker. As a genitive plural, it typically modifies a noun, indicating that the noun belongs to 'us'. For example, 'our house' or 'the house of ours'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΗΜΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'ἡμέτερος' (hēmeteros) comes from 'ἡμεῖς' (hēmeis), meaning 'we'. It is a possessive adjective derived from the first person plural pronoun.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-moo

Translations: (of) world, (of) universe, (of) adornment, (of) order, (of) a world, (of) an adornment

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' (kosmos). It refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean an adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In a sentence, it often indicates possession or origin, such as 'of the world' or 'belonging to the world'.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗΣ, ΑΙΩΝΟΣ, ΚΟΣΜΗΜΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' comes from the Greek verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to put in order'. From this, it developed the sense of an orderly arrangement, then an adornment, and finally the ordered universe or world.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G5111

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TOH-las

Translations: you dared, you were bold, you ventured

Notes: This word is the second person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'τολμάω' (tolmaō), meaning 'to dare,' 'to be bold,' or 'to venture.' It describes an action of daring or boldness that occurred in the past and was completed. It would be used in a sentence to indicate that 'you' (singular) performed an act of daring.

Inflection: Second Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΤΟΛΜΗΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb 'τολμάω' (tolmaō) is derived from the noun 'τόλμα' (tolma), meaning 'daring' or 'boldness.' Its origin is ancient, tracing back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to enduring or bearing.

G5083

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: tay-ROHN

Translations: keeping, observing, guarding, watching, one who keeps, one who observes

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'τηρέω' (tēreō), meaning 'to keep,' 'to guard,' 'to observe,' or 'to watch over.' As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function as an adjective (e.g., 'the one keeping') or adverb (e.g., 'while keeping'). It implies careful attention, preservation, or adherence to something.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΤΗΡΩΝ, ΕΧΩΝ

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tee

Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists, it exists, it is possible

Notes: This word is a common form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It can be used to link a subject to a predicate, or to simply state that something exists.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The root verb ΕΙΜΙ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G0225

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-lay-THEE-ah

Translations: truth, a truth

Notes: This word refers to truth, reality, or sincerity. It is often used to denote what is factual, genuine, or morally upright. It can be used in various contexts, such as speaking the truth, living in truth, or referring to the divine truth.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: From ἀληθής (alēthḗs, “true”), from ἀ- (a-, “un-”) + λήθη (lḗthē, “forgetfulness”). Thus, literally, 'un-forgetfulness' or 'that which is not hidden'.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AN

Translations: if, perhaps, whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, as soon as, until, before

Notes: This word is a conditional particle used to express possibility, contingency, or indefiniteness. It is often used with the subjunctive mood to form conditional clauses, indicating that an action or state is dependent on a certain condition. It can also be combined with other words to form indefinite relative pronouns or adverbs, such as 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whenever'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΟΤΑΝ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The particle 'an' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en- meaning 'on, at'. It is an ancient Greek particle that has been used since classical times.

G0026

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GAH-pay

Translations: love, charity, affection, a love

Notes: This word refers to a specific kind of love, often described as unconditional, benevolent, and self-sacrificing. It is distinct from other Greek words for love like 'eros' (romantic love) or 'philia' (brotherly love). In Koine Greek, especially in the New Testament, it denotes a divine or spiritual love, often commanded or exemplified by God. It can be used in sentences to describe the love between God and humanity, between believers, or even love for one's enemies.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of 'agape' is uncertain, but it is thought to be a pre-Greek word or derived from a root meaning 'to be fond of'. In classical Greek, it was not a prominent term for love, but it gained significant theological importance in Koine Greek, particularly in the Septuagint and the New Testament, where it was chosen to describe God's unique and unconditional love.

G5055

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-teh-LEH-oh-tai

Translations: it has been completed, it is finished, it has been perfected, it has been brought to an end

Notes: This word describes something that has reached its intended goal, completion, or perfection. It signifies a state of being fully accomplished or brought to a final, perfect state. It is often used in a theological context to describe the completion of God's plan or the perfection of believers.

Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΛΗΡΩΤΑΙ, ΣΥΝΤΕΤΕΛΕΣΤΑΙ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G3306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: MEH-nin

Translations: to remain, to abide, to stay, to endure, to continue, to wait for

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'μένω'. It means 'to remain', 'to abide', 'to stay', or 'to endure'. It is used to express the action of continuing in a place, state, or relationship, or waiting for something. For example, it can describe someone staying in a house, or a promise enduring, or waiting for an event.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΝΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *men- ('to remain, to stay').

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nos

Translations: that, that one, he, she, it, those, they

Notes: This word functions as a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, pointing to something or someone distant in space or time, or referring to a person or thing previously mentioned in discourse. It emphasizes distinction from something nearer or more immediate. It can be translated as 'that' when used as an adjective, or 'that one', 'he', 'she', 'it', 'they', or 'those' when used as a pronoun, depending on context and gender/number.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: From a combination of the demonstrative particle 'eke' (indicating distance) and the pronominal ending '-inos'. It points to something 'over there' or 'that one yonder'.

G4043

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-pa-TEH-sen

Translations: he walked, he walked about, he lived, he conducted himself

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from περί (peri, "around, about") and πατέω (pateō, "to tread, walk"). It means "to walk around," "to walk about," or "to go." Figuratively, it can mean "to live" or "to conduct oneself" in a certain manner, referring to one's way of life or behavior. It describes an action of moving on foot or a manner of living.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word περιπατέω is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning "around" or "about," and the verb πατέω (pateō), meaning "to tread" or "to walk." The combination signifies walking in a general sense or walking around a place.

G4043

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-pah-TEIN

Translations: to walk, to go, to live, to conduct oneself, to behave

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'περιπατέω'. It literally means 'to walk around' or 'to go about'. Figuratively, it is often used to describe one's way of life, conduct, or behavior, meaning 'to live' or 'to conduct oneself'. It can be used in contexts referring to physical movement or to one's moral and spiritual journey.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΕΥΕΣΘΑΙ, ΖΗΝ, ΑΝΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word 'περιπατέω' is a compound word formed from 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around', and 'πατέω' (pateō), meaning 'to walk' or 'to tread'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, however, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a contrast, an exception, or an emphasis. It often translates to 'but' or 'yet' when contrasting two ideas, or 'rather' when correcting a previous statement. It can also be used to add emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is an indeclinable particle.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G3588, G3739

Part of Speech: Article, Pronoun, Numeral

Sounds like: HAY

Translations: the, who, which, what, that, she, a, an, 8

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation, indicated by the overline. It most commonly represents the feminine nominative singular definite article 'ἡ' (he), meaning 'the' or 'a/an'. It can also represent the feminine nominative singular relative pronoun 'ἥ' (he), meaning 'who', 'which', or 'that'. Additionally, 'Η' (eta) can function as the numeral 8 in the Greek numbering system. The context of the sentence is crucial for determining the correct meaning.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (for article/pronoun); Does not inflect (for numeral)

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: I-kheh-TEH

Translations: you had, you were having, you possessed, you held

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It is used to indicate possession, state, or condition. In this form, it refers to an action or state that was ongoing or habitual in the past, performed by 'you' (plural). For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'You had a book' or 'You were holding the rope'.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have').

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, off, out of, by, with

Notes: This is a common Greek preposition that indicates separation, origin, or cause. It means 'from' or 'away from' and is often used to show the source of something, the point from which an action begins, or the agent by which something is done. When used as a prefix (ΑΠ- or ΑΠΟ-), it intensifies the idea of separation or completion, often meaning 'off, away, back, completely'. For example, in 'ἀποστέλλω' (apostellō), it means 'to send away'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἀπό (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'. It is a very ancient and common preposition found across many Indo-European languages.

G0746

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-KHAYS

Translations: of beginning, of rule, of ruler, of authority, of origin, of first place, of chief, of a ruler, of a chief

Notes: This word refers to the beginning of something, the first in a series, or the origin. It can also denote a position of authority, rule, or a person holding such a position, like a ruler or chief. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, such as 'of the beginning' or 'of the ruler'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΕΦΑΛΗΣ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΟΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΥ

G1785

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-to-LEE

Translations: commandment, a commandment, command, an order, instruction

Notes: This word refers to a command, an order, or an instruction, often with a sense of divine or authoritative decree. It is frequently used in the context of religious or moral precepts, such as God's commandments. It can be used in sentences like 'He gave a commandment' or 'They kept the commandments.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΔΙΑΤΑΓΗ, ΝΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἐντέλλω (entellō), meaning 'to command' or 'to order'.

G3820

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-LAI-ah

Translations: old, ancient, worn out, a worn out thing, the old

Notes: This word describes something as old, ancient, or worn out. It can refer to things that are aged by time, or to things that are no longer new or fresh. It is often used to contrast with something new. It can also be used substantively to refer to 'the old' or 'an old thing'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; Singular, Accusative, Feminine; Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΑ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word πάλος (palos), meaning 'a shaking, a lot'. The word evolved to mean 'old' or 'ancient' in reference to things that have been around for a long time.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goss

Translations: word, a word, reason, a reason, account, an account, speech, a speech, message, a message, report, a report, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, saying, a saying, discourse, a discourse

Notes: The word 'logos' is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a wide range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, or a command. Beyond simple communication, it also encompasses concepts like reason, logic, an account, a narrative, or even a divine utterance or principle. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say, speak'. It refers to something said or thought, and its meaning evolved to encompass both speech and the underlying reason or thought.

G2537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kai-NANE

Translations: new, fresh, unprecedented, a new, an unprecedented

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΚΑΙΝΗΝ (kainēn), which is the accusative feminine singular form of the adjective ΚΑΙΝΟΣ (kainos). It describes something as new, fresh, or unprecedented, often implying a qualitative newness rather than merely new in time (for which ΝΕΟΣ, neos, is often used). It is used to describe things that are fresh, unused, or of a different kind than what existed before. In the provided context, it modifies 'ΕΝΤΟΛΗΝ' (entolēn), meaning 'command', thus 'a new command'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΝΕΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly meaning 'to make new'. It refers to something new in quality, not just in time.

G227

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-lay-THES

Translations: true, real, genuine, truthful, valid

Notes: This word describes something as true, real, or genuine. It is used to affirm the veracity or authenticity of a statement, person, or object. It can also refer to something that is valid or legitimate.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ, ΕΤΥΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix 'a-' (meaning 'not' or 'un-') and 'λήθω' (meaning 'to escape notice' or 'to be hidden'). Thus, 'that which is not hidden' or 'that which is evident and true'.

G3854

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-GEH-tai

Translations: is passing away, is coming, is arriving, is present

Notes: This word describes something that is coming into existence, arriving, or, in a different context, passing away or ceasing to exist. It is often used to describe the arrival of a person or event, or the transient nature of something that is fading or disappearing.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside, alongside, by,' and the verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to become, to come into being, to happen.'

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G228

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-lay-thee-NON

Translations: true, real, genuine, a true thing, the true thing

Notes: This word describes something as true, real, or genuine, distinguishing it from what is false, counterfeit, or merely apparent. It emphasizes the inherent truth or reality of a person or thing, often in a moral or spiritual sense. It can be used to describe God as the 'true God' or light as 'true light'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ, ΕΤΥΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ is derived from the Greek word ΑΛΗΘΗΣ (alēthēs), meaning 'true', which itself comes from the prefix 'a-' (negation) and ΛΗΘΩ (lēthō), meaning 'to escape notice' or 'to be hidden'. Thus, it literally means 'unhidden' or 'evident', referring to that which is not concealed and is therefore true.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has already occurred. It emphasizes the immediacy or completion of an action or state. It can be used to mean 'already' in the sense of something having taken place before the expected time, or 'now' in the sense of 'at this very moment'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΡΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-d- (meaning 'already, now'). It is related to words meaning 'at that time' or 'then'.

G5457

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PHOH-tee

Translations: to light, to a light, to a lamp, to fire, to a fire, to a torch, to a torchlight, to a day, to a daylight, to a daybreak, to a morning, to a dawn, to a revelation, to a manifestation, to a truth, to a knowledge, to a understanding, to a spiritual illumination

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the noun 'φῶς' (phōs), meaning 'light'. It refers to physical light, such as from the sun, a lamp, or fire, but can also metaphorically refer to spiritual or intellectual light, such as revelation, truth, or understanding. In this dative case, it indicates the recipient or instrument of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for', or indicating the means 'by' or 'with'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΥΧΝΩ, ΠΥΡΙ

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-nah-ee

Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to occur

Notes: This is the infinitive form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It signifies existence, occurrence, or a state of being. It is often used with other verbs to form periphrastic constructions or to express purpose or result. For example, it can mean 'to be' in the sense of 'he wants to be good' or 'it is about to happen'.

Inflection: Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΓΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- 'to be'. It is cognate with English 'is' and Latin 'esse'.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FON

Translations: brother, a brother, fellow man, a fellow man

Notes: This word refers to a male sibling, a brother. It can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow human being, a countryman, or a member of the same community or faith. It is a masculine noun and is used here in the singular accusative case, typically functioning as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and 'δελφύς' (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G4625

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKAN-da-lon

Translations: stumbling block, an offense, a snare, trap, cause of ruin

Notes: This word refers to an obstacle or impediment that causes someone to stumble or fall, either literally or figuratively. It can also mean a snare or trap. In a moral or spiritual sense, it denotes anything that causes someone to sin, fall away from faith, or be led astray.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΓΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΜΜΑ

Etymology: The word is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to limp' or 'to stumble'. It originally referred to the movable stick or trigger of a trap, which, when touched, caused the trap to spring shut.

G3404

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mee-SOH

Translations: hate, detest, abhor, dislike

Notes: This word means to hate, detest, or abhor. It is used to express strong negative feelings towards someone or something. For example, one might say 'I hate injustice' or 'He hates his enemies'. It can also imply a preference for one thing over another, in the sense of loving one less than another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΥΓΕΩ, ΕΧΘΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΣΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to be angry' or 'to be hostile'.

G4043

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-PAH-teh-ee

Translations: he walks, he is walking, walk, you walk, you are walking

Notes: This word means to walk, to go about, or to conduct oneself. It can refer to physical movement, but often in a figurative sense, it describes one's way of life or behavior. For example, it can be used to say 'he walks in righteousness' meaning 'he lives righteously'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular OR Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΑΔΙΖΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ is a compound word formed from περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and πατέω (pateō), meaning 'to tread' or 'to walk'. Thus, it literally means 'to walk around'.

G5186

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-tyoo-PHLOH-sen

Translations: he blinded, it blinded, he made blind, it made blind

Notes: This word describes the act of causing someone or something to become blind, either physically or metaphorically. It is used to indicate that an agent (he/it) performed the action of blinding in the past. It can refer to literal physical blindness or a spiritual or intellectual inability to understand or perceive truth.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΥΦΛΟΩ, ΠΗΡΟΩ

Etymology: From Greek τυφλός (typhlos), meaning 'blind'. The verb is formed by adding the -όω suffix, indicating the action of making something blind.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority, title

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or authority, as a name often represents the essence of a person or entity. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'name'. It is cognate with Latin 'nomen' and English 'name'.

G3962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAH-teh-res

Translations: fathers, parents, ancestors

Notes: This word refers to male parents, or more broadly, to ancestors or forefathers. It can also be used in a spiritual sense to refer to spiritual leaders or founders. In a sentence, it would typically function as the subject or direct address.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΓΟΝΟΙ, ΓΟΝΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΑΤΗΡ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'father'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.

G3528

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: neh-nee-KEE-kah-teh

Translations: you have conquered, you have overcome, you have prevailed

Notes: This word is the perfect active indicative form of the verb 'νικάω' (nikaō), meaning 'to conquer' or 'to overcome'. The perfect tense indicates an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results or a present state resulting from that past action. In this form, it means 'you (plural) have conquered' or 'you (plural) have overcome'. It is used to describe a victory or triumph that has already occurred and whose effects are still present.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΝΙΚΑΩ

G4190

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: po-nee-RON

Translations: evil, wicked, bad, harmful, a wicked thing, an evil thing

Notes: This word describes something as evil, wicked, or bad. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun, or it can function as a noun itself, referring to an evil or wicked thing. It often implies something that is morally corrupt, harmful, or causing distress.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΝΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek word πόνος (ponos), meaning 'toil, labor, distress, pain', suggesting something that causes pain or is the result of painful effort, thus leading to the meaning of 'evil' or 'wicked'.

G1125

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EG-rap-sa

Translations: I wrote, I have written

Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It indicates a completed action in the past, specifically 'I wrote' or 'I have written'. It is used to describe an action of writing that occurred at a specific point in the past.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gerbh- 'to scratch, carve'. The meaning evolved from 'to scratch, engrave' to 'to write'.

G3816, G3809

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pai-DEE-ah

Translations: children, a child, discipline, instruction, training, correction, punishment, play, childishness

Notes: This word is a compound form that can refer to several related concepts. It can be the nominative/accusative plural of 'παιδίον' (paidion), meaning 'children' or 'little children'. It can also be the nominative singular of 'παιδεία' (paideia), which refers to the upbringing, training, or instruction of children, often implying discipline or correction. In some contexts, it can also refer to 'play' or 'childishness'. The specific meaning depends on the grammatical context and surrounding words.

Inflection: Neuter Plural (children), Feminine Singular Nominative (discipline/play), Feminine Singular Accusative (discipline/play), Feminine Singular Genitive (discipline/play)

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ, ΝΗΠΙΑ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ

G4190

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: po-nee-ROH

Translations: evil, wicked, bad, harmful, mischievous, worthless, diseased, an evil thing, the evil one

Notes: This word describes something or someone as evil, wicked, or bad. It can refer to moral depravity, but also to something that is harmful, worthless, or diseased. When used as a noun, it can mean 'an evil thing' or 'the evil one' (referring to Satan). It is used to qualify nouns, indicating their negative quality.

Inflection: Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: From πόνος (ponos, "toil, labor, pain"), indicating something that causes pain or trouble. It evolved to mean morally bad or wicked.

G0025

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-gah-PAH-teh

Translations: love, you love, you all love

Notes: This word means 'to love' or 'you all love'. It refers to a deep, unconditional, and often sacrificial love, distinct from other forms of love like brotherly affection or romantic desire. It is frequently used in the New Testament to describe God's love for humanity and the love believers should have for God and for one another. It is a command or an indicative statement depending on context.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΕΩ, ΣΤΕΡΓΩ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-mon

Translations: world, a world, universe, an universe, adornment, an adornment, order, an order

Notes: This word refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In the New Testament, it often refers to humanity or the sinful world system, but can also refer to the physical world. As an accusative noun, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOH-smoh

Translations: to the world, for the world, to an adornment, for an adornment, to an order, for an order

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'κόσμος' (kosmos). It refers to an orderly arrangement, an adornment, or the world itself, often implying the created universe or humanity. In its dative form, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the world, order, or adornment, depending on the context. It can also be used to indicate location or instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'κόσμος' (kosmos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to order, to adorn'. It originally referred to order or arrangement, particularly in military or governmental contexts, and later came to mean 'adornment' or 'decoration'. From there, it evolved to describe the ordered universe, and by extension, the world.

G0025

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-gah-PAH

Translations: loves, he loves, she loves, it loves, love! (you singular)

Notes: This word means 'to love' and refers to a deep, often unconditional, affection or benevolent regard. In Koine Greek, it frequently denotes a divine or selfless love, distinct from other forms of love. It can be used to describe God's love for humanity, or the love commanded among believers. Depending on context, it can function as an indicative statement (someone loves) or a command (love!).

Inflection: Present Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular; or Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΕΩ, ΕΡΑΩ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is believed to be pre-Greek or of unknown derivation. It is not clearly related to other Indo-European roots.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole

Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.

G1939

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-thoo-MEE-ah

Translations: desire, a desire, longing, craving, lust

Notes: This word refers to a strong desire or longing, which can be either good or bad depending on the context. It can denote a legitimate and positive desire, such as a longing for righteousness, or a negative and sinful craving, often translated as 'lust' when referring to carnal or worldly desires. It is commonly used to describe the inner impulses or inclinations of a person.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΡΕΞΙΣ, ΠΟΘΟΣ, ΒΟΥΛΗ

Etymology: From 'ἐπιθυμέω' (epithymeō, 'to long for, desire'), which is formed from 'ἐπί' (epi, 'upon, toward') and 'θυμός' (thymos, 'passion, spirit, soul'). It literally means 'a passion directed towards something'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G212

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-lah-zo-NEE-ah

Translations: boasting, a boasting, arrogance, arogance, presumption, a presumption, ostentation, an ostentation, pride, a pride

Notes: This word refers to boasting, arrogance, or ostentation, often implying an empty or vain display of superiority. It describes a pretentious and self-important attitude, a show of pride that is not based on reality. It is typically used to describe a negative character trait.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΙΑ, ΚΑΥΧΗΣΙΣ, ΤΥΦΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ΑΛΑΖΟΝΙΑ" derives from "ἀλαζών" (alazōn), meaning "boaster" or "braggart." It is related to the idea of wandering about and making empty boasts.

G0979

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BEE-oo

Translations: of life, of livelihood, of means of living, a life

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΒΙΟΣ' (bios), which refers to life, especially in the sense of one's earthly existence, way of life, or means of living. It can also refer to one's livelihood or possessions. As a genitive form, 'ΒΙΟΥ' often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of life' or 'of livelihood' depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΖΩΗΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷih₃-wo-s, meaning 'living'. It is related to the verb 'ζάω' (zaō), meaning 'to live'.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-mos

Translations: world, a world, universe, order, adornment, decoration, ornament

Notes: This word refers to the world or the universe, often implying an ordered system. It can also refer to adornment or decoration, such as jewelry or clothing, highlighting the idea of something well-arranged or beautiful. In a broader sense, it can denote humanity or the inhabitants of the earth.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ, ΓΗ

Etymology: From the verb κοσμέω (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to put in order, to adorn'. The noun form thus carries the sense of something ordered, arranged, or beautiful.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: poy-OHN

Translations: doing, making, creating, producing, performing, a doer, a maker, the one who does, the one who makes

Notes: ΠΟΙΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb ΠΟΙΕΩ, meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who is in the act of doing or making something. It can be translated as 'doing' or 'making' when used adjectivally, or as 'the one who does' or 'a doer' when used substantively.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩΝ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G2307

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: the-LEE-mah

Translations: will, desire, purpose, a will, a desire, a purpose

Notes: This word refers to a will, desire, or purpose, often implying a deliberate intention or choice. It can be used to describe the will of God, the will of a person, or a general intention. It is frequently used in contexts relating to divine purpose or human obedience to that purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb θέλω (thelō), meaning 'to will, wish, desire'. It denotes the result or object of willing.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G5610

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-rah

Translations: hour, an hour, time, season, moment

Notes: This word refers to a specific period of time, which can be an hour, a particular time of day, a season, or a crucial moment. It is often used to denote a fixed or appointed time, such as 'the hour has come' for an event to occur. It can also refer to a specific season of the year.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'year, season'. It refers to a limited period of time, a season, or a specific hour.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-GOH-nah-sin

Translations: have become, have been, have come to pass, have happened, have arisen

Notes: This word is the perfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It describes an action that was completed in the past but has continuing results or a present state. It can mean 'they have become,' 'they have been,' or 'they have happened/come to pass,' indicating a state of being or an event that has occurred and whose effects are still relevant.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G3606

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: O-THEN

Translations: from where, whence, wherefore, therefore, for which reason

Notes: This word is an adverb that can indicate either origin or consequence. It is used to ask or state 'from where' something comes or originates. It can also be used to mean 'therefore' or 'for which reason', indicating a logical conclusion or cause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟ, ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (meaning 'this' or 'that') combined with the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or source. It is related to other adverbs of place and origin in Greek.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-sahn

Translations: they were, they had been

Notes: ΗΣΑΝ is an inflected form of the verb 'ΕΙΜΙ' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Specifically, it is the third person plural imperfect indicative form. It describes an ongoing or continuous state or action in the past, often translated as 'they were' or 'they used to be'. It is commonly used to describe the state or existence of multiple subjects in a past context.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative

Etymology: The Koine Greek verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) derives from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental and frequently used verbs in the language, indicating existence, state, or identity.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

G5210

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: hoo-MEES

Translations: you, to you, for you, by you, with you

Notes: This word is a second-person plural pronoun. Without diacritics, it most commonly represents either the nominative form 'ὑμεῖς' (you) or the dative form 'ὑμῖν' (to/for/by/with you). Its specific meaning in a sentence depends on the grammatical case it represents, which is often determined by context or the presence of prepositions. It refers to a group of people being addressed.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Dative

Etymology: The word 'ὑμεῖς' (hymeis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *yuH- (you). It is the plural form of the second-person pronoun.

G5545

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHRIS-mah

Translations: anointing, unction, chrism, an anointing

Notes: This word refers to the act of anointing or the substance used for anointing, such as oil. It is often used in a religious context to signify consecration or the impartation of a special gift or office. It can be used in sentences to describe the act of applying oil or the resulting state of being anointed.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΛΟΙΦΗ, ΕΛΑΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΙΣΜΑ (chrisma) derives from the verb χρίω (chrio), meaning 'to anoint'. It refers to the act or substance of anointing.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G5547

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: khree-STOS

Translations: Christ, the Anointed One, the Messiah

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ (CHRISTOS). It refers to Christ, the Anointed One, or the Messiah. It is primarily used as a title for Jesus, indicating his role as the divinely appointed deliverer.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb χρίω (chrio), meaning 'to anoint'. It refers to someone who has been consecrated or set apart by anointing, a practice common in ancient Israel for kings, priests, and prophets.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS

Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.

G3761

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OO-deh

Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not

Notes: This word is a compound conjunction or adverb meaning 'and not', 'neither', 'nor', or 'not even'. It is used to connect two negative clauses or to emphasize a negation. It often appears in lists to negate multiple items, similar to how 'neither...nor' is used in English. It can also simply mean 'not' when emphasizing a point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΕ, ΜΗΔΕ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and the conjunction ΔΕ (de, 'but, and').

G3670

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oh-moh-lo-GOHN

Translations: confessing, acknowledging, professing, agreeing, admitting

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'homologeo'. It describes someone who is in the act of confessing, acknowledging, or professing something. It can be used to describe a person who agrees with a statement or admits to a fact. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate the action of confessing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-KAY-koh-ah-teh

Translations: you have heard, you heard

Notes: This is a form of the verb 'to hear'. It is used to indicate an action of hearing that was completed in the past and whose results or effects continue into the present. It is typically used when addressing multiple people, meaning 'you all have heard' or 'you all heard'.

Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Active, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to perceive' or 'to understand'.

G3306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-NEH-toh

Translations: let him remain, let it remain, let him abide, let it abide, let him stay, let it stay

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to remain', 'to abide', or 'to stay'. As an imperative, it expresses a command or strong suggestion for someone or something to continue in a state or place. It is used to tell a third party to remain or abide.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Imperative

Synonyms: ΕΜΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΝΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- meaning 'to remain, to stay'.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Particle

Sounds like: EP-see-lon (as a letter name), eh (as a sound)

Translations: E, 5, if, then, indeed

Notes: This is the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet, epsilon. It can represent the number 5. As a standalone word, 'Ε' is not typically found in Koine Greek texts. It is highly probable that 'Ε' in the provided context is a typographical error or an abbreviation for a word like 'εἰ' (if) or 'ἐν' (in). If it were 'εἰ', it would function as a conditional particle meaning 'if'. If it were 'ἐν', it would be a preposition meaning 'in' or 'among'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or numeral). As a particle, it does not inflect.

Etymology: The letter Epsilon (Ε) is derived from the Phoenician letter He. Its name 'epsilon' means 'simple E' to distinguish it from the diphthong 'αι' (ai), which had come to be pronounced the same way.

G1860

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ang-geh-LEE-ah

Translations: promise, a promise, declaration, announcement

Notes: This word is a feminine noun meaning a promise or a declaration. It is often used in the context of divine promises, particularly those made by God. It can also refer to a public announcement or proclamation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ, ΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἐπαγγέλλω (epangellō), meaning 'to announce, to promise'. It is formed from ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and ἀγγέλλω (angellō, 'to announce, to report').

Part of Speech: Article

Sounds like: TAYN

Translations: the

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΗΝ (TĒN), which is the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As an article, it always precedes the noun it modifies and agrees with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used with feminine singular nouns in the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from a demonstrative pronoun in Proto-Indo-European. It evolved to function as a definite article, specifying nouns.

G0166

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ahee-OH-nee-on

Translations: eternal, everlasting, age-long, perpetual, an eternal thing, an everlasting thing

Notes: This word describes something that pertains to an age (αἰών), often implying endless duration or a specific period. It can refer to something that is without end, or something that belongs to a particular age or epoch. It is frequently used to describe the nature of God, life, or punishment, emphasizing their enduring quality.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΙΔΙΟΣ, ΑΤΕΛΕΥΤΗΤΟΣ

G4105

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: plah-NOH-tohn

Translations: of deceivers, of seducers, of those who lead astray, of wanderers, of planets

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of a noun or participle derived from the verb 'πλανάω' (planaō), meaning 'to lead astray' or 'to wander'. It refers to those who deceive, mislead, or cause others to err. It can also refer to wanderers or, in a more specific sense, to planets (celestial bodies that 'wander' across the sky). In the provided context, it most likely refers to deceivers or those who lead people astray.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΩΝ, ΠΛΑΝΟΙ, ΠΛΑΝΗΤΕΣ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-beh-teh

Translations: you took, you received, you got, you obtained

Notes: This word is the second person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to get.' It describes an action that was completed in the past, without specifying whether it was a continuous or repeated action. It is used when referring to a group of people who performed the action.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΛΑΓΧΑΝΩ

G5532

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHREE-an

Translations: need, a need, necessity, use, service

Notes: This word is a noun meaning 'need,' 'necessity,' 'use,' or 'service.' It often appears in phrases like 'to have need of' something, indicating a requirement or a lack that needs to be filled. It can refer to a personal need, a practical use, or a necessary service.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΗ, ΧΡΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΕΙΑ (chreia) comes from the Greek verb χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use, to need.' It is related to the concept of utility and what is necessary or useful.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEH-oo-mah

Translations: Spirit, a Spirit, wind, breath

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation (nomina sacra) for ΠΝΕΥΜΑ (PNEUMA). It refers to spirit, breath, or wind. In a theological context, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. It can also describe a human spirit or a non-physical entity. The context usually clarifies its specific meaning.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: From the Greek verb πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'. It refers to that which is breathed or blown.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pan-TOH

Translations: altogether, entirely, by all means, in every way

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. As an adverb, 'παντῶ' means 'altogether' or 'entirely', indicating completeness or totality in an action or state. It can also mean 'by all means' or 'in every way', emphasizing a comprehensive manner.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΛΩΣ, ΠΑΝΤΕΛΩΣ

Etymology: The word 'πᾶς' (pas), from which 'παντῶ' is derived, comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'all' or 'every'.

G0227

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-lay-THAYS

Translations: true, real, genuine, truthful, a true one, a real one

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'true' or 'real'. It describes something that is not false, counterfeit, or imaginary, but rather corresponds to reality or fact. It can refer to a person who is truthful, a statement that is accurate, or a thing that is authentic. It is often used to emphasize the genuine nature of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΤΥΜΟΣ, ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΛΗΘΗΣ' (alēthēs) comes from the Greek prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and 'λήθη' (lēthē), meaning 'forgetfulness' or 'oblivion'. Thus, it literally means 'un-forgetting' or 'not hidden', implying that which is revealed, evident, and therefore true.

G5319

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fah-neh-ROH-thay

Translations: was revealed, might be revealed, was made manifest, might be made manifest, appeared, might appear

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be revealed,' 'to be made manifest,' or 'to appear.' It describes something that becomes visible or known, often implying a disclosure or a showing forth of something previously hidden. It is used to indicate that something has been brought into the open or made clear.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative or Subjunctive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΧΘΗ, ΕΚΦΑΝΘΗ, ΓΕΝΗΘΗ

Etymology: The word Φανερόω (phaneroō) comes from the adjective φανερός (phaneros), meaning 'visible' or 'manifest,' which in turn is derived from the verb φαίνω (phainō), meaning 'to shine' or 'to appear.'

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: SKHOH-men

Translations: let us have, we may have, we might have, let us hold, we may hold, we might hold

Notes: This word is a form of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. ΣΧΩΜΕΝ is in the subjunctive mood, which is used to express possibilities, wishes, commands, or exhortations. In this form, it often translates as 'let us have' or 'we may have', indicating a collective action or desire.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active

Etymology: The word ἔχω comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is a very common verb in Greek and has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G3954

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: par-ray-SEE-an

Translations: boldness, confidence, frankness, freedom of speech, a boldness, a confidence

Notes: This word refers to the quality of speaking or acting with boldness, confidence, and frankness, often implying a lack of fear or hesitation. It can describe the freedom to speak openly, especially in public or before authorities, or a general sense of confidence and assurance. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΟΣ, ΤΟΛΜΑ

G3952

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: par-oo-SEE-ah

Translations: presence, a presence, coming, arrival, a coming, a arrival, advent

Notes: This word refers to the state of being present, an arrival, or a coming. It can describe the physical presence of a person or thing, or the arrival of an event or a significant period of time. In some contexts, particularly in theological discussions, it can refer to the 'advent' or 'second coming' of Christ.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΦΑΝΕΙΑ, ΕΛΕΥΣΙΣ, ΑΦΙΞΙΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, formed from the preposition παρά (para, 'beside, near') and the feminine participle οὖσα (ousa) of the verb εἰμί (eimi, 'to be'), literally meaning 'being beside' or 'being near'.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-day-teh

Translations: you know, you have known, you perceive, you understand, you have seen, you have perceived, you have understood

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. It is often used to express a state of knowing or having knowledge, rather than the act of learning. It can also mean 'to see' or 'to understand'. In a sentence, it would typically function as the main verb, indicating what the subject knows or perceives.

Inflection: Second Person Plural, Perfect Active Indicative or Second Aorist Active Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dee-KAH-ee-oss

Translations: righteous, just, upright, fair, a righteous one, a just one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is righteous, just, or in conformity with divine or human law. It can refer to a person who acts morally and ethically, or to an action that is considered fair and equitable. When used as a noun, it refers to a righteous person.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (can also be used substantively as a noun)

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΕΥΘΥΣ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek word δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It describes that which is in accordance with justice or right.

G1343