Ignatius’ Letter to the Philadelphians Chapter 1, Interlinear version from Ignatius of Antioch (Beta)

Ignatius’ Letter to the Philadelphians, Chapter 1

Interlinear version from Ignatius of Antioch (Beta)

1:1

ΟΝ
- ON
- whom
ἘΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΝ
- EPISKOPON
- overseer
ἘΓΝΩΝ
- EGNŌN
- I-knew
ΟΥ̓Κ
- OUK
- not
ἈΦ
- APH
- from
ΕΑΥΤΟΥ
- EAUTOU
- himself
ΟΥ̓ΔΕ
- OUDE
- nor
ΔΙ
- DI
- through
ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ
- ANTHRŌPŌN
- of-people
ΚΕΚΤΗΣΘΑΙ
- KEKTĒSTHAI
- to-have-obtained
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ΔΙΑΚΟΝΙΑΝ
- DIAKONIAN
- service
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ΕἸΣ
- EIS
- for
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΚΟΙΝΟΝ
- KOINON
- common-good
ἈΝΗΔΟΥΣΑΝ
- ANĒDOUSAN
- pleasing
ΟΥ̓ΔΕ
- OUDE
- nor
ΚΑΤΑ
- KATA
- according-to
ΚΕΝΟΔΟΞΙΑΝ
- KENODOXIAN
- vain-glory
ἈΛΛ
- ALL
- but
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ἈΓΑΠΗ
- AGAPĒ
- love
ΘΕΟΥ
- THEOU
- of-God
ΠΑΤΡΟΣ
- PATROS
- of-Father
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΚΥΡΙΟΥ
- KYRIOU
- of-Lord
ἸΗΣΟΥ
- IĒSOU
- Jesus
ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ
- CHRISTOU
- Anointed-One
ΟΥ
- OU
- of-whom
ΚΑΤΑΠΕΠΛΗΓΜΑΙ
- KATAPEPLĒGMAI
- I-am-amazed
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ἘΠΙΕΙΚΕΙΑΝ
- EPIEIKEIAN
- gentleness
ΟΣ
- OS
- who
ΣΙΓΩΝ
- SIGŌN
- being-silent
ΠΛΕΙΟΝΑ
- PLEIONA
- more
ΔΥΑΤΑΙ
- DYATAI
- is-able
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- than-the
ΜΑΤΑΙΑ
- MATAIA
- vain-things
ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ
- LALOUNTŌN
- speaking-ones

1:2

ΣΥΝΕΥΡΥΘΜΙΣΤΑΙ
- SYNEURYTHMISTAI
- are-harmonized
ΓΑΡ
- GAR
- for
ΤΑΙΣ
- TAIS
- to-the
ἘΝΤΟΛΑΣ
- ENTOLAS
- commands
ΩΣ
- ŌS
- as
ΧΟΡΔΑΙΣ
- CHORDAIS
- to-strings
ΚΙΘΑΡΑ
- KITHARA
- [a] lyre
ΔΙΟ
- DIO
- therefore
ΜΑΚΑΡΙΖΕΙ
- MAKARIZEI
- blesses
ΜΟΥ
- MOU
- of-me
Η
- Ē
- the
ΨΥΧΗ
- PSYCHĒ
- inner-person
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ΕἸΣ
- EIS
- to
ΘΕΟΝ
- THEON
- God
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ
- AUTOU
- his
ΓΝΩΜΗΝ
- GNŌMĒN
- understanding
Ε0ΠΙΓΝΟΥΣ
- E0PIGNOUS
- having-known
ἘΝΑΡΕΤΟΝ
- ENARETON
- virtuous
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΤΕΛΕΙΟΝ
- TELEION
- perfect
ΟΥ̓ΣΑΝ
- OUSAN
- being
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ἈΚΙΝΗΤΟΝ
- AKINĒTON
- unmoving
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ
- AUTOU
- his
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ἈΟΡΓΗΤΟΝ
- AORGĒTON
- unangered
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ
- AUTOU
- his
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΠΑΣΗ
- PASĒ
- all
ἘΠΙΕΙΚΕΙΑ
- EPIEIKEIA
- gentleness
ΘΕΟΥ
- THEOU
- of-God
ΖΩΝΤΟΣ
- ZŌNTOS
- living

G3756

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G0575

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AF

Translations: from, away from, by, of

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), which means 'from' or 'away from'. The final vowel of ΑΠΟ is dropped (elided) when it precedes a word that begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the apostrophe-like symbol over the vowel). It indicates separation, origin, or cause, often translated as 'from' or 'away from'. It can also denote the agent 'by' or the source 'of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab, English off, and German ab.

G1438

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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO

Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.

Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').

G3761

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G1223

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G0444

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahn-throh-POHN

Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) humankind

Notes: ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, which means 'man', 'human being', or 'person'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of men' or 'of people'. It refers to human beings in general, often distinguishing them from God or other creatures.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), possibly meaning 'one who looks up' or 'one with a human face'.

G2932

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kek-TEES-thai

Translations: to have acquired, to possess, to own, to get, to obtain

Notes: This is the perfect infinitive form of the verb 'κτάομαι' (ktaomai), meaning 'to acquire' or 'to get'. As a perfect infinitive, it emphasizes the state of having acquired something, or the result of an action, rather than the action itself. It can be translated as 'to have acquired' or 'to possess'. It is often used in contexts where someone is described as having obtained or owning something.

Inflection: Perfect, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΧΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1519

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2839

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KOY-non

Translations: common, shared, public, a common thing, the common thing, a community, the community

Notes: This word refers to something that is common, shared, or public. As an adjective, it describes something belonging to or used by all. As a neuter noun, it can refer to a common thing, a public matter, or even a community or commonwealth.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom-yos, meaning 'common, shared'. It is related to the idea of 'togetherness' or 'fellowship'.

G0300

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nay-DOO-san

Translations: unpleasant, disagreeable, displeasing, offensive, a displeasing one, an offensive one

Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb ἀνηδέω (anēdeō), meaning 'to be unpleasant' or 'to displease'. It describes something that is currently causing displeasure or is disagreeable. In its present form, it functions adjectivally, describing a noun as being unpleasant or offensive.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present Participle

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΑΡΕΣΤΟΣ, ΔΥΣΑΡΕΣΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀνηδέω (anēdeō) is a compound of the negative prefix ἀν- (an-) meaning 'not' or 'un-', and ἡδέω (hēdeō), meaning 'to please' or 'to be sweet'. Thus, it literally means 'not pleasing' or 'unpleasant'.

G2596

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G2756

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: keh-no-dox-EE-an

Translations: vainglory, empty glory, conceit, a vainglory

Notes: This word refers to empty or baseless glory, conceit, or a desire for recognition that is not founded on true merit. It describes a state of mind where one seeks praise or admiration for superficial reasons, often leading to pride or arrogance. It is a compound word formed from 'κενός' (kenos), meaning 'empty' or 'vain,' and 'δόξα' (doxa), meaning 'glory' or 'opinion.' In a sentence, it would describe the quality or act of being vain or conceited.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΙΑ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΙΑ

G0243

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Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G1722

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G0026

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GAH-pay

Translations: love, a love, charity

Notes: This word refers to a deep, unconditional, and benevolent love, often used in a spiritual or divine sense. It is a selfless and sacrificial love, distinct from other forms of love like eros (romantic love) or philia (friendship love). It can be used to describe God's love for humanity, or the love that believers should have for God and for one another.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek. It gained prominence in Koine Greek, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, where it was chosen to translate the Hebrew word 'ahavah' and to describe a specific kind of divine and selfless love.

G2532

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G2962

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO

Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master

Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.

G5547

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khri-STOO

Translations: of Christ, of the Anointed One, of the Messiah

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It refers to the one chosen and consecrated by God, particularly Jesus. As a genitive case, 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ' indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It can be used to describe something that pertains to Christ or is from Christ.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ

G3756, G3757

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G1932

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-I-kee-an

Translations: fairness, gentleness, clemency, equity, reasonableness, a fairness, a gentleness, a clemency, an equity, a reasonableness

Notes: This word refers to the quality of fairness, gentleness, or reasonableness. It implies a disposition to be mild and considerate, often going beyond the strict letter of the law to show clemency or equity. It describes a character trait of being yielding and not overly strict or harsh.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΤΟΤΗΣ, ΠΡΑΟΤΗΣ, ΕΥΓΝΩΜΟΣΥΝΗ

G3739

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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G4119

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-oh-nah

Translations: more, many, a greater number, a greater amount

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'more' or 'greater'. It is used to indicate a larger quantity, number, or degree of something. It can function as a comparative adjective, meaning 'more than' or 'greater than', or as a substantive, referring to 'the majority' or 'the greater part'.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Neuter or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΜΕΙΖΩΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'full' or 'many'. It is the comparative form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'.

G2980

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-LOON-tone

Translations: speaking, of those speaking, of them speaking, of those who speak, of them who speak

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to speak' or 'to talk'. It describes an action of speaking that is ongoing or habitual. As a genitive plural, it typically functions to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of those who are speaking' or 'of them speaking'. It can refer to a group of people engaged in speech.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΝΤΩΝ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-eh-y-roo-thmis-TAI

Translations: fellow harmonizers, fellow rhythm-keepers, those who harmonize together

Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from 'συν' (with, together) and 'εὐρυθμιστής' (one who makes harmonious or rhythmic). It refers to individuals who work together to create harmony or rhythm, or who are in harmony with each other. It describes people who are in agreement or alignment, acting in a coordinated and harmonious manner.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'εὐρυθμιστής' (eurythmistēs), derived from 'εὔρυθμος' (eurythmos), meaning 'rhythmic' or 'harmonious'. 'Εὔρυθμος' itself comes from 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'well', and 'ῥυθμός' (rhythmos), meaning 'rhythm' or 'flow'.

G1063

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Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G5613

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1352

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Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: DEE-oh

Translations: therefore, wherefore, for this reason, on account of which

Notes: This is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'. It is used to introduce a consequence or conclusion, indicating that what follows is a result of what has just been stated. It functions similarly to 'therefore' or 'for this reason' in English.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'.

G3588, G3739, G2228

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G5590

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE

Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.

G1510

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: OO-san

Translations: being, existing, that is, that exists

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be'. As a participle, it describes something that is 'being' or 'existing' at the time of the action. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively (as a noun). In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the accusative case, meaning it would be the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, referring to a feminine noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Etymology: The verb ΕἸΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G0179

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-KEE-nay-ton

Translations: unmoved, unmovable, immovable, fixed, steadfast, an unmoved thing, an immovable thing

Notes: This word describes something that is not moving or cannot be moved. It signifies a state of being fixed, stable, or unchangeable. It can be used to describe a physical object that is stationary, or metaphorically, a person's resolve or a principle that is steadfast.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΤΡΕΜΗΣ, ΑΣΑΛΕΥΤΟΣ, ΑΣΤΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἀκίνητος (akinētos) is a compound word formed from the privative alpha (ἀ-) meaning 'not' or 'un-', and κίνητος (kinētos), meaning 'movable' or 'moving'. Thus, it literally means 'not movable' or 'unmoving'.

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-or-GAY-ton

Translations: unprovoked, not easily angered, without wrath, not wrathful

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is not prone to anger or wrath, or that is free from anger. It is a compound word formed from the privative alpha (ἀ-) meaning 'not' or 'without' and the root for 'wrath' or 'anger'. It implies a calm and patient disposition.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΟΡΓΟΣ, ΑΝΟΡΓΗΤΟΣ, ΑΠΡΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the privative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and ὀργή (orgē), meaning 'wrath' or 'anger'. It describes a state of being free from anger.

G3956

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAH-see

Translations: (to) all, (to) every, (to) whole, (to) any, (of) all, (of) every, (of) whole, (of) any

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all,' 'every,' 'whole,' or 'any.' It is used to describe a quantity or entirety. For example, it can be used with a noun to mean 'all the people' or 'every house.' In the provided examples, 'ΠΑΣΗ ΧΩΡΑ' means 'in every land' or 'in all the land,' indicating its use to modify a feminine singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter; or Plural, Accusative, Neuter; or Plural, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'all' or 'every.'

G1932

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-I-kee-ah

Translations: gentleness, clemency, forbearance, fairness, reasonableness, equity

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being gentle, fair, and reasonable, especially in the exercise of authority or in dealing with others. It implies a willingness to yield or be lenient, going beyond the strict letter of the law to show kindness and understanding. It can be used to describe a person's character or an action that demonstrates such a quality.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΟΤΗΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΤΗΣ, ΑΓΑΘΩΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΕΙΚΕΙΑ (epieikeia) is derived from the adjective ἐπιεικής (epieikēs), meaning 'fitting, reasonable, fair.' It is a compound word formed from ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to,' and εἰκός (eikos), meaning 'fitting' or 'reasonable.'

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