Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Ignatius of Antioch / Ignatius’ Letter to the Philadelphians / Chapter 5
Ignatius’ Letter to the Philadelphians, Chapter 5
Interlinear version from Ignatius of Antioch (Beta)
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOY
Translations: brothers, fellow believers, kinsmen, countrymen
Notes: This word refers to brothers by birth, but it can also be used more broadly to refer to male relatives, fellow countrymen, or, in a spiritual sense, fellow believers in a community. It is a plural form of the word for 'brother'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΙ, ΟΜΟΓΕΝΕΙΣ
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G3029
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: LEE-ahn
Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, much, extremely
Notes: This word is an adverb that means 'very' or 'exceedingly'. It is used to intensify the meaning of an adjective, another adverb, or a verb, indicating a high degree or extent of something. For example, it can be used to say 'very good' or 'greatly rejoice'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'smoothness' or 'plainness', which then developed into the meaning of 'very' or 'exceedingly'.
G1632
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-KEKH-y-mai
Translations: I have been poured out, I have been shed, I have been spilled, I have been diffused, I have been lavished, I have been given over
Notes: This word describes the state of having been poured out, shed, or diffused. It can refer to liquids being spilled, but also metaphorically to emotions, blessings, or even people being given over or lavished. It implies a complete and irreversible action, often with the sense of abundance or abandonment.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΕΚΧΥΝΩ, ΕΚΧΕΩ
G0025
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-gah-PON
Translations: loving, one who loves, he who loves
Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action of loving. It describes someone who is currently in the state of loving or is characterized by love. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun or as a substantive (like a noun) referring to the person who loves.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΩΝ
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G5247
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: hoo-per-ah-GAL-loh-meh-nos
Translations: greatly rejoicing, exceedingly glad, exulting greatly
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΕΡ (hyper), meaning 'over, above, beyond,' and the verb ΑΓΑΛΛΟΜΑΙ (agallomai), meaning 'to rejoice greatly, exult.' Therefore, ΥΠΕΡΑΓΑΛΛΟΜΕΝΟΣ means to rejoice or exult exceedingly, beyond measure. It describes someone who is filled with overwhelming joy.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΧΑΙΡΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ
G0806
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: as-fa-LI-zo-mai
Translations: to make secure, to secure, to make safe, to make firm, to bind fast, to guard
Notes: This verb means to make something secure, safe, or firm. It can be used in various contexts, such as securing a place, making a promise firm, or guarding something against danger. It implies an action taken to ensure stability, safety, or reliability.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive, Indicative, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΕΥΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ
Etymology: The word originates from the Greek adjective ἀσφαλής (asphalēs), meaning 'safe, secure, firm', which is derived from 'a-' (privative alpha, meaning 'not') and 'σφάλλω' (sphallō), meaning 'to cause to fall, to stumble'. Thus, it literally means 'not falling' or 'unfailing'.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G0243
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Part of Speech: Prefix
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: other, another, different, foreign
Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS
Translations: Jesus, Joshua
Notes: This is a proper name, transliterated from the Hebrew name Yeshua or Yehoshua. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus Christ, or to Joshua, the successor of Moses in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The Koine Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It is also related to the shorter form יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua).
G5547
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun
Sounds like: khree-STOSS
Translations: Christ, Anointed One, Messiah, a Christ, an Anointed One
Notes: This word refers to the 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. In the New Testament, it is predominantly used as a title for Jesus, identifying him as the promised Messiah. It can also be used more generally to refer to anyone who has been anointed, such as a king or priest.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ
Etymology: From the Koine Greek verb χρίω (chriō), meaning 'to anoint'. The noun form refers to someone who has been anointed, typically for a special office or purpose.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G5599, G3739
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Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)
Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever
Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)
Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.
G1210
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: deh-DEH-meh-nos
Translations: bound, tied, imprisoned, a bound one, a prisoner
Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has been bound or tied. It can function adjectivally, meaning 'bound' or 'tied', or substantively, referring to 'one who is bound' or 'a prisoner'.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΣ
Etymology: The verb 'δέω' (deō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to tie' or 'to bind'.
G5399
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: foh-BOO-meh
Translations: I fear, I am afraid, I am terrified, I reverence
Notes: This word means to be afraid, to fear, or to be terrified. It can also mean to show reverence or respect, especially towards God or a figure of authority. It is a deponent verb, meaning it has a passive or middle voice form but an active meaning. It is commonly used to express apprehension or awe.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΔΕΙΔΩ, ΤΡΕΜΩ, ΕΥΛΑΒΕΟΜΑΙ
G3123
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MAHL-lon
Translations: more, rather, much more, especially
Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ
Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G2089
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-TEE
Translations: still, yet, further, more
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating continuation in time or degree. It can mean 'still' or 'yet' when referring to something that is ongoing or has not happened yet. It can also mean 'further' or 'more' when adding to something or indicating an additional quantity or action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΤΙ, ἘΤΙΔΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eti 'beyond, further'. It is related to Latin et 'and, also'.
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, a being
Notes: This word is the masculine, singular, nominative form of the present participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'who/which is'. It is used to describe someone or something that exists or is in a particular state, often functioning like a relative pronoun and verb combined.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Present Participle
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-nah-PAR-tee-stos
Translations: incomplete, imperfect, uncompleted, not completed
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'incomplete' or 'imperfect'. It describes something that has not been brought to completion or is lacking in some way. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'un-' or 'not') and 'ἀναπαρτίζω' (anapartizō), which means 'to complete' or 'to make perfect'. Therefore, 'ἀναπάρτιστος' literally means 'not completed' or 'unperfected'. It can be used to describe tasks, states, or conditions that are still unfinished.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΤΕΛΗΣ, ΕΛΛΙΠΗΣ
Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'un-, not') and the verb ἀναπαρτίζω (anapartizō, 'to complete, make perfect'). The verb itself is formed from ἀνά (ana-, 'up, again') and παρτίζω (partizō, 'to complete').
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G4335
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-YOO-khee
Translations: prayer, a prayer, supplication
Notes: This word refers to an act of prayer or supplication, a communication with God or a deity. It is commonly used to describe the act of worship or a specific request made in prayer. It can be used in contexts ranging from personal devotion to public worship.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΕΗΣΙΣ, ΕΥΧΗ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek προσεύχομαι (proseúkhomai, “to pray”), from πρός (prós, “to, toward”) + εὔχομαι (eúkhomai, “to pray, to wish”). It literally means 'a prayer directed towards'.
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-ON
Translations: God, a God
Notes: This word refers to God, a god, or a deity. It is used as the direct object in a sentence, indicating the recipient of an action or the one being referred to. For example, one might 'worship God' (where 'God' would be in the accusative case).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the first-person singular pronoun 'me' in the accusative case. It is used as the direct object of a verb or as the object of certain prepositions, indicating the recipient of an action or the object being affected.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΜΕ (me) derives from the ancient Greek first-person singular pronoun. Its form has remained largely consistent throughout various stages of the Greek language.
G0000
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-par-TEE-say
Translations: to complete, to finish, to accomplish, to bring to an end
Notes: This word means to complete, finish, or accomplish something. It implies bringing a task or process to its intended conclusion. It can be used in contexts where one is bringing a plan or action to fruition.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΕΡΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἀπαρτίζω (apartizō) is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἀρτίζω (artizō), meaning 'to prepare' or 'to make ready'. Thus, it conveys the sense of bringing something to a state of readiness or completion.
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G2819
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KLEE-roh
Translations: (to) lot, (to) a lot, (to) inheritance, (to) an inheritance, (to) portion, (to) a portion, (to) share, (to) a share
Notes: This word is a noun referring to a lot, an inheritance, or a portion. It is often used in the context of casting lots to make decisions or referring to a divinely appointed share or inheritance. In this dative form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to a lot' or 'for a lot'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΣ, ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΙΑ
G1653
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-leh-AY-thayn
Translations: I was shown mercy, I received mercy, I was pitied, I had mercy shown to me
Notes: This word describes the action of receiving mercy or pity from someone. It is used to express that one has been treated with compassion or kindness, often in a situation where they might have expected judgment or punishment. It implies that the mercy was given by an external agent.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G2013
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-too-KHO
Translations: obtain, attain, succeed, hit the mark, reach, find
Notes: This verb means to obtain, attain, or succeed in something. It literally means 'to hit the mark' or 'to light upon'. It is often used with a genitive case to indicate the object that is obtained or reached. For example, one might 'obtain mercy' or 'succeed in a goal'.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ
Etymology: From the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen' or 'to obtain by chance'. The compound verb thus means 'to light upon' or 'to obtain'.
G4377
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pros-FY-gohn
Translations: having fled to, having taken refuge in, having resorted to
Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'προσφεύγω' (prospheugō), meaning 'to flee to' or 'to take refuge in'. It describes someone who has already performed the action of fleeing or seeking refuge. It is used to indicate a past action that has a continuing effect, often implying a state of having found refuge or resorted to something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Genitive, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΦΥΓΩΝ, ΦΥΓΩΝ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G2097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-ang-geh-LEE-zoh
Translations: I preach the gospel, I bring good news, I announce good news, I proclaim good news
Notes: This word means to preach or proclaim good news, often specifically referring to the gospel of Jesus Christ. It is used to describe the act of sharing a message of hope, salvation, or a joyful announcement. For example, one might say, 'I preach the gospel to the people.'
Inflection: First Person Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ἈΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek prefix ΕΥ̓- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ἈΓΓΕΛΛΩ (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to bring a message'. Thus, it literally means 'to bring a good message' or 'to announce good news'.
G4561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sar-KEE
Translations: flesh, body, a body, human nature, carnal nature
Notes: This word refers to flesh, the physical body, or human nature in general. It can also denote the carnal or sinful aspect of human nature, especially in a theological context. It is often used to distinguish the physical from the spiritual.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑ, ΧΡΩΣ
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOO
Translations: of Jesus, to Jesus, of Joshua, to Joshua
Notes: This is a proper name, referring to either Jesus Christ or Joshua, the successor of Moses. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Genitive or Dative
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G0652
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-po-STO-loys
Translations: to apostles, for apostles
Notes: This word refers to those who are sent out with a specific mission or message, often with authority. In a Christian context, it most commonly refers to the twelve disciples of Jesus Christ who were sent out to preach the Gospel, or to other early Christian leaders like Paul who were given a special commission. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the recipient or beneficiary of an action, such as following or giving something to them.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΚΕΣ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΣΤΑΙ
G4244
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: Pres-by-TEH-ree-oh
Translations: (to) a presbytery, (to) the presbytery, (to) a council of elders, (to) the council of elders
Notes: This word refers to a body or council of elders, often in a religious or ecclesiastical context. It denotes a group of older, respected individuals who hold authority or leadership positions within a community or church. It is used to indicate the recipient or beneficiary of an action, or the place where an action occurs.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΓΕΡΟΥΣΙΑ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρεσβύτερος (presbúteros, “elder”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix). It refers to a body of elders.
G1577
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-as
Translations: of church, of assembly, of congregation
Notes: This word refers to a gathering or assembly of people, often with a religious or political purpose. In the New Testament, it commonly refers to the Christian church or a local congregation of believers. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (out of) and 'καλέω' (to call), meaning 'a calling out' or 'an assembly of those called out'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἘΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ is derived from the Greek preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb καλέω (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. It originally referred to an assembly of citizens called out from their homes for public business.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G4396
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-FEE-tas
Translations: prophet, a prophet
Notes: This word refers to a prophet, someone who speaks on behalf of God or who foretells future events. It is used to describe individuals who deliver divine messages or interpret God's will. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative plural form, indicating the direct object of an action, such as 'the prophets' who are being taken, revealed to, or killed.
Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΙΣ, ΘΕΟΠΝΕΥΣΤΟΣ
G0025
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-gah-POH-men
Translations: we love, we are loving, let us love
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to love' or 'to have affection for'. It is used to express a deep, unconditional love, often spiritual or divine in nature. In this form, it indicates an action performed by 'we' (first person plural), and can function as an indicative statement ('we love') or a hortatory subjunctive ('let us love').
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Indicative or Subjunctive, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΕΩ, ΕΡΑΣΘΑΙ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G2098
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-ang-GEL-ee-on
Translations: gospel, good news, a gospel, the good news
Notes: This word refers to a message of good news or glad tidings. In a religious context, particularly in Christianity, it specifically refers to the good news of salvation through Jesus Christ. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ΕΥ̓- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ἈΓΓΕΛΙΟΝ (angelion), meaning 'message' or 'announcement'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΓΜΑ, ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΜΗΝΥΜΑ
Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΑΓΓΕΛΙΟΝ is derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ̓- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and the noun ἈΓΓΕΛΙΟΝ (angelion), meaning 'message' or 'announcement', which itself comes from ἈΓΓΕΛΛΩ (angello), 'to announce'. It originally referred to a reward for bringing good news, and later to the good news itself.
G2605
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tang-GEL-keh-nai
Translations: to proclaim, to announce, to declare, to preach, to have proclaimed, to have announced, to have declared, to have preached
Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'καταγγέλλω'. It means 'to proclaim' or 'to announce' something, often publicly or widely. The perfect tense indicates an action that has been completed and whose results are still relevant. Therefore, it translates as 'to have proclaimed' or 'to have announced'. It is used to describe the act of making something known, such as a message, a truth, or an event.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ, ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ
Etymology: The word 'καταγγέλλω' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against' (often intensifying the verb), and 'ἀγγέλλω' (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G1679
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: el-pi-ZEIN
Translations: to hope, to expect, to trust
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to place one's hope, trust, or confidence in someone or something, or to expect something to happen. It often implies a confident expectation, especially in divine promises or future events. It can be used with a preposition like 'ἐπί' (epi) followed by a dative or accusative case to indicate the object of hope or trust.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ
Etymology: The word comes from the noun ἐλπίς (elpis), meaning 'hope'.
G0332
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-MEH-neen
Translations: to wait for, to await, to expect
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ἀναμένω. It means to wait for someone or something, often with an attitude of patience or expectation. It is used to describe the act of anticipating an event or the arrival of a person.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ, ΠΕΡΙΜΕΝΩ
Etymology: The word ἀναμένω is a compound verb formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. The combination suggests waiting with a sense of expectation or persistence.
G4100
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pis-TEV-san-tes
Translations: having believed, having trusted, having put faith in
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to believe' or 'to trust'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that the subject has performed the act of believing or trusting. It often functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or as an adverb, describing how an action was performed.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΟΤΕΣ, ΕΛΠΙΣΑΝΤΕΣ
G4982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-SOH-thay-sahn
Translations: they were saved, they were delivered, they were made whole, they were healed
Notes: This word is a verb indicating that a group of people (they) were saved, delivered, made whole, or healed. It is often used in a spiritual sense to refer to salvation, but can also refer to physical healing or deliverance from danger. It describes an action that was completed in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΣΩΤΗΡΙΑ
G1775
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-NO-tee-tee
Translations: (in) unity, (in) oneness, (in) agreement
Notes: This word refers to the state of being one or united, emphasizing harmony and agreement. It is often used in contexts describing spiritual or communal cohesion, indicating a shared purpose or identity. As a dative case, it typically answers the question 'to what?' or 'in what?', often translated with 'in' or 'to'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΝΟΙΑ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΙΑ
G5547
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khri-STOO
Translations: of Christ, of the Anointed One, of the Messiah
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It refers to the one chosen and consecrated by God, particularly Jesus. As a genitive case, 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ' indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It can be used to describe something that pertains to Christ or is from Christ.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON-tes
Translations: being, those who are, who are
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'being' or 'those who are' and functions like an adjective or a noun, describing the state of existence of a person or thing. It can be used to introduce a clause that explains the condition or identity of the subject.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative
G0514
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ax-ee-ah-GAH-pee-toy
Translations: worthy of love, beloved, amiable, worthy to be loved
Notes: This word is a compound adjective formed from 'ἈΞΙΟΣ' (axios), meaning 'worthy', and 'ἈΓΑΠΗΤΟΣ' (agapetos), meaning 'beloved' or 'lovable'. Therefore, it means 'worthy of love' or 'beloved'. It describes someone or something that deserves affection or is endearing. It is used to refer to people who are held in high regard and are deserving of love.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΣ, ΦΙΛΗΤΟΣ
G0001
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ax-ee-oth-av-MAS-toy
Translations: worthy of admiration, admirable, wonderful, marvelous
Notes: This is a compound adjective meaning 'worthy of admiration' or 'admirable'. It is formed from two parts: 'ἄξιος' (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving', and 'θαυμαστός' (thaumastos), meaning 'admirable' or 'wonderful'. It describes something or someone that evokes wonder, respect, or high regard.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑΣΤΟΣ, ΘΑΥΜΑΣΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ἄξιος (axios), meaning 'worthy, deserving', and θαυμαστός (thaumastos), meaning 'admirable, wonderful', which itself comes from θαυμάζω (thaumazo), 'to wonder at, admire'.
G0040
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: AH-gee-oy
Translations: holy, saints, holy ones
Notes: This word describes something or someone as holy, sacred, or set apart for God. When used as an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its sacred quality. When used as a substantive (functioning as a noun), it refers to 'saints' or 'holy people', those who are consecrated to God.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G5547
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khree-STOH
Translations: Christ, the Anointed One, Messiah
Notes: This word refers to the 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. In the New Testament, it is primarily used as a title for Jesus, indicating his role as the divinely appointed savior. It can be used in various grammatical cases depending on its function in a sentence, such as the nominative for the subject or the accusative for the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Vocative or Accusative (truncated form of ΧΡΙΣΤΟΝ), Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb χρίω (chriō), meaning 'to anoint'. It refers to someone who has been consecrated by anointing with oil, a practice common for kings, priests, and prophets in ancient Israel.
G3140
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: meh-mar-too-RAY-meh-noy
Translations: attested, well-attested, witnessed, approved, having been testified to
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'μαρτυρέω' (martyreō), meaning 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that has been testified about or given a good report. It signifies that a person or thing has been confirmed or validated by testimony.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΔΕΔΟΚΙΜΑΣΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΤΟΙ
G4785
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: soon-ay-rith-MAY-meh-noy
Translations: counted with, numbered with, reckoned with, associated with
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been counted with' or 'having been numbered with'. It describes someone or something that has been included in a count or reckoning alongside others. It implies a past action with a continuing result, indicating a state of being associated or included.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΚΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G2839
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: koy-NEES
Translations: (of) common, (of) shared, (of) public, (of) ordinary, (of) a community, (of) a partnership
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective or noun 'ΚΟΙΝΟΣ'. As an adjective, it describes something that is common, shared, public, or ordinary. As a noun, it can refer to a community, a partnership, or something held in common. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΟΥ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΟΣ, ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΣ
G1680
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: el-PEE-dos
Translations: of hope, of a hope
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'hope'. It refers to an expectation, a confident anticipation, or a trust in something. As a genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the object of an action, hence 'of hope' or 'belonging to hope'. It is commonly used to express the concept of having or lacking hope.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΙΣ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word 'Ἐλπίς' (elpis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to hope, to expect'. It is related to the verb 'ἐλπίζω' (elpizō), meaning 'to hope' or 'to expect'.
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