3 John Chapter 1, Interlinear version from Tischendorf's Greek New Testament (Beta)

3 John, Chapter 1

Interlinear version from Tischendorf's Greek New Testament (Beta)

1:1
1:2
1:3
1:4
1:5
1:6
1:7
1:8
1:9
1:10
1:11
1:12
1:13
1:14
1:15

1:1

Ο
- O
- the
ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΣ
- PRESBYTEROS
- elder
ΓΑΙΩ
- GAIŌ
- Gaius
ΤΩ
- TŌ
- the
ἈΓΑΠΗΤΩ
- AGAPĒTŌ
- beloved
ΟΝ
- ON
- whom
ἘΓΩ
- EGŌ
- I
ἈΓΑΠΩ
- AGAPŌ
- love
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ἈΛΗΘΕΙΑ
- ALĒTHEIA
- truth

1:2

ἈΓΑΠΗΤΕ
- AGAPĒTE
- beloved
ΠΕΡΙ
- PERI
- concerning
ΠΑΝΤΩΝ
- PANTŌN
- all-things
ΕΥ̓ΧΟΜΑΙ
- EUCHOMAI
- I-pray
ΣΕ
- SE
- you
ΕΥ̓ΟΔΟΥΣΘΑΙ
- EUODOUSTHAI
- to-prosper
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΥΓΙΑΙΝΕΙΝ
- YGIAINEIN
- to-be-healthy
ΚΑΘΩΣ
- KATHŌS
- just-as
ΕΥ̓ΟΔΟΥΤΑΙ
- EUODOUTAI
- prospers
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- of-you
Η
- Ē
- the
ΨΥΧΗ
- PSYCHĒ
- inner-person

1:3

ἘΧΑΡΗΝ
- ECHARĒN
- I-rejoiced
ΛΙΑΝ
- LIAN
- greatly
ἘΡΧΟΜΕΝΩΝ
- ERCHOMENŌN
- coming
ἈΔΕΛΦΩΝ
- ADELPHŌN
- brothers
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΥΝΤΩΝ
- MARTYROUNTŌN
- testifying
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- of-you
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- to-the
ἈΛΗΘΕΙΑ
- ALĒTHEIA
- truth
ΚΑΘΩΣ
- KATHŌS
- just-as
ΣΥ
- SY
- you
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ἈΛΗΘΕΙΑ
- ALĒTHEIA
- truth
ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΙΣ
- PERIPATEIS
- walk

1:4

ΜΕΙΖΟΤΕΡΑΝ
- MEIZOTERAN
- greater
ΤΟΥΤΩΝ
- TOUTŌN
- of-these
ΟΥ̓Κ
- OUK
- not
ἘΧΩ
- ECHŌ
- I-have
ΧΑΡΑΝ
- CHARAN
- joy
ΙΝΑ
- INA
- in-order-that
ἈΚΟΥΩ
- AKOUŌ
- I-hear
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ἘΜΑ
- EMA
- my
ΤΕΚΝΑ
- TEKNA
- children
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- the
ἈΛΗΘΕΙΑ
- ALĒTHEIA
- truth
ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΟΥΝΤΑ
- PERIPATOUNTA
- walking

1:5

ἈΓΑΠΗΤΕ
- AGAPĒTE
- beloved
ΠΙΣΤΟΝ
- PISTON
- faithful
ΠΟΙΕΙΣ
- POIEIS
- you-do
Ο
- O
- that-which
ἘΑΝ
- EAN
- if
ἘΡΓΑΣΗ
- ERGASĒ
- you-work
ΕἸΣ
- EIS
- to
ΤΟΥΣ
- TOUS
- the
ἈΔΕΛΦΟΥΣ
- ADELPHOUS
- brothers
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΤΟΥΤΟ
- TOUTO
- this
ΞΕΝΟΥΣ
- XENOUS
- strangers

1:6

ΟΙ
- OI
- the-ones
ἘΜΑΡΤΥΡΗΣΑΝ
- EMARTYRĒSAN
- testified
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- of-you
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- to-the
ἈΓΑΠΗ
- AGAPĒ
- love
ἘΝΩΠΙΟΝ
- ENŌPION
- before
ἘΚΚΛΗΣΙΑΣ
- EKKLĒSIAS
- [a]-congregation
ΟΥΣ
- OUS
- whom
ΚΑΛΩΣ
- KALŌS
- well
ΠΟΙΗΣΕΙΣ
- POIĒSEIS
- you-will-do
ΠΡΟΠΕΜΨΑΣ
- PROPEMPSAS
- having-sent-forward
ἈΞΙΩΣ
- AXIŌS
- worthily
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΘΕΟΥ
- THEOU
- God

1:7

ΥΠΕΡ
- YPER
- for
ΓΑΡ
- GAR
- for
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ὈΝΟΜΑΤΟΣ
- ONOMATOS
- name
ἘΞΗΛΘΑΝ
- EXĒLTHAN
- they-went-out
ΜΗΔΕΝ
- MĒDEN
- nothing
ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ
- LAMBANONTES
- taking
ἈΠΟ
- APO
- from
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- the
ἘΘΝΙΚΩΝ
- ETHNIKŌN
- Gentiles

1:8

ΗΜΕΙΣ
- ĒMEIS
- we
ΟΥ̓Ν
- OUN
- therefore
ὈΦΕΙΛΟΜΕΝ
- OPHEILOMEN
- ought
ΥΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΕΙΝ
- YPOLAMBANEIN
- to-support
ΤΟΥΣ
- TOUS
- the
ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΥΣ
- TOIOUTOUS
- such-ones
ΙΝΑ
- INA
- in-order-that
ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΙ
- SYNERGOI
- fellow-workers
ΓΙΝΩΜΕΘΑ
- GINŌMETHA
- we-may-become
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- to-the
ἈΛΗΘΕΙΑ
- ALĒTHEIA
- truth

1:9

ἘΓΡΑΨΑ
- EGRAPSA
- I-wrote
ΤΙ
- TI
- something
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- to-the
ἘΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ
- EKKLĒSIA
- congregation
ἈΛΛ
- ALL
- but
Ο
- O
- the
ΦΙΛΟΠΡΩΤΕΥΩΝ
- PHILOPRŌTEUŌN
- one-who-loves-to-be-first
ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ
- AUTŌN
- of-them
ΔΙΟΤΡΕΦΗΣ
- DIOTREPHĒS
- Diotrephes
ΟΥ̓Κ
- OUK
- not
ἘΠΙΔΕΧΕΤΑΙ
- EPIDECHETAI
- receives
ΗΜΑΣ
- ĒMAS
- us

1:10

ΔΙΑ
- DIA
- because-of
ΤΟΥΤΟ
- TOUTO
- this
ἘΑΝ
- EAN
- if
ἘΛΘΩ
- ELTHŌ
- I-come
ΥΠΟΜΝΗΣΩ
- YPOMNĒSŌ
- I-will-remind
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ
- AUTOU
- him
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ἘΡΓΑ
- ERGA
- works
Α
- A
- which
ΠΟΙΕΙ
- POIEI
- he-does
ΛΟΓΟΙΣ
- LOGOIS
- with-words
ΠΟΝΗΡΟΙΣ
- PONĒROIS
- evil
ΦΛΥΑΡΩΝ
- PHLYARŌN
- babbling
ΗΜΑΣ
- ĒMAS
- about-us
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΜΗ
- MĒ
- not
ἈΡΚΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ
- ARKOUMENOS
- being-content
ἘΠΙ
- EPI
- with
ΤΟΥΤΟΙΣ
- TOUTOIS
- these-things
ΟΥ̓ΤΕ
- OUTE
- neither
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ
- AUTOS
- he
ἘΠΙΔΕΧΕΤΑΙ
- EPIDECHETAI
- receives
ΤΟΥΣ
- TOUS
- the
ἈΔΕΛΦΟΥΣ
- ADELPHOUS
- brothers
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΤΟΥΣ
- TOUS
- the
ΒΟΥΛΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ
- BOULOMENOUS
- ones-wishing
ΚΩΛΥΕΙ
- KŌLYEI
- he-hinders
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΤΗΣ
- TĒS
- of-the
ἘΚΚΛΗΣΙΑΣ
- EKKLĒSIAS
- congregation
ἘΚΒΑΛΛΕΙ
- EKBALLEI
- he-casts-out

1:11

ἈΓΑΠΗΤΕ
- AGAPĒTE
- beloved-one
ΜΗ
- MĒ
- not
ΜΙΜΟΥ
- MIMOU
- imitate
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΚΑΚΟΝ
- KAKON
- evil
ἈΛΛΑ
- ALLA
- but
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ἈΓΑΘΟΝ
- AGATHON
- good
Ο
- O
- the-one
ἈΓΑΘΟΠΟΙΩΝ
- AGATHOPOIŌN
- doing-good
ἘΚ
- EK
- from
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΘΕΟΥ
- THEOU
- God
ἘΣΤΙΝ
- ESTIN
- is
Ο
- O
- the-one
ΚΑΚΟΠΟΙΩΝ
- KAKOPOIŌN
- doing-evil
ΟΥ̓Χ
- OUCH
- not
ΕΩΡΑΚΕΝ
- EŌRAKEN
- has-seen
ΤΟΝ
- TON
- the
ΘΕΟΝ
- THEON
- God

1:12

ΔΗΜΗΤΡΙΩ
- DĒMĒTRIŌ
- to-Demetrius
ΜΕΜΑΡΤΥΡΗΤΑΙ
- MEMARTYRĒTAI
- has-been-testified-about
ΥΠΟ
- YPO
- by
ΠΑΝΤΩΝ
- PANTŌN
- all
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΥΠΟ
- YPO
- by
ΑΥ̓ΤΗΣ
- AUTĒS
- itself
ΤΗΣ
- TĒS
- the
ἈΛΗΘΕΙΑΣ
- ALĒTHEIAS
- truth
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΗΜΕΙΣ
- ĒMEIS
- we
ΔΕ
- DE
- also
ΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΥΜΕΝ
- MARTYROUMEN
- testify
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΟἸΔΑΣ
- OIDAS
- you-know
ΟΤΙ
- OTI
- that
Η
- Ē
- the
ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ
- MARTYRIA
- testimony
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- of-us
ἈΛΗΘΗΣ
- ALĒTHĒS
- true
ἘΣΤΙΝ
- ESTIN
- is

1:13

ΠΟΛΛΑ
- POLLA
- many-things
ΕἸΧΟΝ
- EICHON
- I-had
ΓΡΑΨΑΙ
- GRAPSAI
- to-write
ΣΟΙ
- SOI
- to-you
ἈΛΛ
- ALL
- but
ΟΥ̓
- OU
- not
ΘΕΛΩ
- THELŌ
- I-wish
ΔΙΑ
- DIA
- through
ΜΕΛΑΝΟΣ
- MELANOS
- of-ink
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΚΑΛΑΜΟΥ
- KALAMOU
- of-reed-pen
ΣΟΙ
- SOI
- to-you
ΓΡΑΦΕΙΝ
- GRAPHEIN
- to-write

1:14

ἘΛΠΙΖΩ
- ELPIZŌ
- I-hope
ΔΕ
- DE
- but
ΕΥ̓ΘΕΩΣ
- EUTHEŌS
- immediately
ΣΕ
- SE
- you
ἸΔΕΙΝ
- IDEIN
- to-see
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΣΤΟΜΑ
- STOMA
- mouth
ΠΡΟΣ
- PROS
- to
ΣΤΟΜΑ
- STOMA
- mouth
ΛΑΛΗΣΟΜΕΝ
- LALĒSOMEN
- we-will-speak

1:15

ΕἸΡΗΝΗ
- EIRĒNĒ
- peace
ΣΟΙ
- SOI
- to-you
ἈΣΠΑΖΟΝΤΑΙ
- ASPAZONTAI
- they-greet
ΣΕ
- SE
- you
ΟΙ
- OI
- the
ΦΙΛΟΙ
- PHILOI
- friends
ἈΣΠΑΖΟΥ
- ASPAZOU
- greet
ΤΟΥΣ
- TOUS
- the
ΦΙΛΟΥΣ
- PHILOUS
- friends
ΚΑΤ
- KAT
- according-to
ὈΝΟΜΑ
- ONOMA
- name

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G4245

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pres-BYOO-teh-ros

Translations: older, elder, an elder, old man, an old man

Notes: This word describes someone who is older in age or more advanced in years. It can be used as an adjective to describe an older person, or as a noun referring to an 'elder' or 'old man'. In a religious context, particularly in early Christianity, it refers to a leader or official in the church, often translated as 'elder' or 'presbyter'.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΕΡΩΝ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΣ

Etymology: From the comparative form of the adjective πρέσβυς (presbys), meaning 'old' or 'elderly'. It literally means 'older'.

G1093

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAH-yah

Translations: earth, land, ground, a land, a ground

Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or a less common form of ΓΑΙΑ (gaia), which means 'earth,' 'land,' or 'ground.' In the provided context, 'ΓΑΙΩΝ' is the genitive plural of ΓΑΙΑ, meaning 'of the lands' or 'of the earths.' It refers to the physical ground, a specific country or region, or the entire planet.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative (if it were ΓΑΙΑ); however, the provided word 'ΓΑΙΩ' is likely a misspelling of ΓΑΙΑ or a related form. If it were a verb, it would be a first-person singular present active indicative, but this is highly unlikely given the context.

Synonyms: ΓΗ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to the earth as a whole or as a specific land area.

G0027

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-gah-pay-TOH

Translations: (to) beloved, (to) dear, (to) only-begotten, (to) only

Notes: This word describes someone who is beloved, dear, or uniquely cherished. It is often used to refer to an only child, or someone who is deeply loved. In the provided examples, it appears in the dative case, indicating 'to the beloved' or 'to the dear one'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΓΑΠΗΤΟΣ (agapetos) is derived from the verb ἀγαπάω (agapao), meaning 'to love'. It signifies someone who is the object of love.

G1473

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Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

G1722

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G225

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-lay-THEY-ah

Translations: truth, a truth, reality, veracity, faithfulness

Notes: This word refers to truth, not merely as an abstract concept, but often as a quality of being or action, indicating sincerity, reality, or faithfulness. It can be used to describe something that is factual, genuine, or reliable. For example, one might speak of 'the truth of God' or 'walking in truth'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: From ἀληθής (alēthḗs, “true”), from ἀ- (a-, “un-”) + λήθη (lḗthē, “forgetfulness, oblivion”). Thus, literally 'un-forgetfulness' or 'that which is not hidden'.

G0027

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-gah-pay-TEH

Translations: beloved, dear, a beloved one, a dear one

Notes: This word describes someone who is loved or dear. It is often used as a term of endearment, similar to 'dear friend' or 'beloved one' in English. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (acting like a noun) referring to a beloved person.

Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΣ, ΑΓΑΠΩΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἀγαπάω (agapaō), meaning 'to love'. It describes someone who is the object of love.

G4012

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G2172

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: YOO-kho-mai

Translations: pray, wish, vow, make a vow

Notes: This word means to pray, to wish, or to make a vow. It is often used in the context of addressing God or a deity, expressing a desire or a solemn promise. It is a deponent verb, meaning it has a middle or passive form but an active meaning.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present Tense, Middle/Passive Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From a primary verb, probably akin to the root of εὔχομαι (euchomai), meaning 'to speak out, to declare, to pray'.

G2137

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-oh-DOO-sthai

Translations: to prosper, to succeed, to have a prosperous journey, to be well off

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to prosper, succeed, or have a prosperous journey. It is often used to describe someone's well-being or success in their endeavors. It is a compound word formed from 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and 'ὁδός' (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'journey'. Thus, it literally means 'to have a good journey' or 'to go well'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ΚΑΤΕΥΘΥΝΩ

G2532

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G5198

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-gee-AHY-neen

Translations: to be healthy, to be well, to be sound, to keep well

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ΥΓΙΑΙΝΩ'. It means 'to be healthy' or 'to be in good health'. It is often used in greetings or farewells, similar to saying 'be well' or 'farewell'. It can also describe a state of soundness or integrity, not just physical health.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΠΡΑΤΤΕΙΝ, ΕΥ̓ΘΥΜΕΙΝ

Etymology: The verb 'ΥΓΙΑΙΝΩ' comes from the adjective 'ὑγιής' (hygiēs), meaning 'healthy' or 'sound'. This adjective is the source of the English word 'hygiene'.

G2531

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G3588, G3739, G2228

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G5590

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE

Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.

G3029

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Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: LEE-ahn

Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, much, extremely

Notes: This word is an adverb that means 'very' or 'exceedingly'. It is used to intensify the meaning of an adjective, another adverb, or a verb, indicating a high degree or extent of something. For example, it can be used to say 'very good' or 'greatly rejoice'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'smoothness' or 'plainness', which then developed into the meaning of 'very' or 'exceedingly'.

G2064

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: er-KHO-meh-nohn

Translations: coming, going, a coming, a going, those coming, those going, of those coming, of those going

Notes: This word is a present participle of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or an adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or habitual. In this form, it refers to 'those who are coming' or 'those who are going', often implying a group or a general state of arrival or departure. It can be used to describe people, events, or things that are in the process of arriving or moving.

Inflection: Present, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΟΝΤΩΝ, ΙΟΝΤΩΝ

G3140

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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: mar-ty-ROON-ton

Translations: of those witnessing, of those testifying, of those bearing witness

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to witness' or 'to testify'. It describes an action of bearing witness or giving testimony. As a genitive plural, it typically refers to 'of those who are witnessing' or 'of those who are testifying', often indicating the source or subject of the testimony.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΩΝ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G3173

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: may-ZOH-teh-ran

Translations: greater, a greater, larger, a larger, more important, a more important

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'ΜΕΓΑΣ' (megas), meaning 'great' or 'large'. 'ΜΕΙΖΟΤΕΡΑΝ' specifically means 'greater' or 'larger' and is used to compare two things, indicating that one is superior in size, importance, or degree. It functions as an adjective modifying a feminine singular noun in the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Comparative

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΖΩΝ, ΠΛΕΙΩΝ

G3756

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G2192

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EKH-oh

Translations: have, hold, possess, keep, be able, be in a state of

Notes: This word means "to have" or "to hold." It is a very common verb used to express possession, to describe a state or condition, or to indicate that one is holding something. It can also be used in a broader sense to mean "to be able" or "to be in a certain state."

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΚΤΆΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΈΧΩ, ἜΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- 'to hold, to have'. It is cognate with Latin 'habeo' (to have) and English 'seek'.

G2443

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Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G0191

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-KOO-oh

Translations: hear, listen, obey, understand

Notes: This verb means to hear, to listen, or to perceive sound. It can also imply understanding or obeying what is heard, especially when followed by a genitive case for the person or thing heard, or an accusative case for the sound itself. It is commonly used in contexts of receiving information or commands.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ὙΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂kowh₂- (to hear). It is related to other words meaning 'to hear' in various Indo-European languages.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G4043

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-pah-TOON-tah

Translations: walking, going about, living, conducting oneself, those walking, those going about

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ', meaning 'to walk' or 'to go about'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can refer to physical movement, but often in Koine Greek, it metaphorically describes one's manner of life, conduct, or behavior. For example, 'walking in truth' means 'living truthfully'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΔΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ' is a compound word formed from 'ΠΕΡΙ' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and 'ΠΑΤΕΩ' (pateo), meaning 'to tread' or 'to walk'. Thus, it literally means 'to walk around'.

G4103

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PIS-ton

Translations: faithful, a faithful one, trustworthy, a trustworthy one, reliable, a reliable one, true, a true one, sure, a sure one

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning faithful, trustworthy, or reliable. It describes someone or something that can be depended upon, is true to their word, or is steadfast in their character or actions. It can be used to describe people, things, or even concepts, indicating their reliability or truthfulness.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ, ΕΓΓΥΟΣ

G1437

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Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G2038

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: er-GAH-see

Translations: work, do, perform, trade, may work, might work, should work

Notes: This word means to work, to do, or to perform. It is a deponent verb, meaning it has a middle or passive form but an active meaning. It is used to describe engaging in an activity, labor, or business, or to accomplish something. It can also refer to trading or earning a living.

Inflection: Second Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ comes from the noun ἔργον (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'.

G1519

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3778

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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G3581

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: XEH-noos

Translations: strangers, foreigners, guests, hosts

Notes: This word refers to individuals who are not native to a particular place or community. It can mean a stranger, a foreigner, or someone who is visiting as a guest. In some contexts, it can also refer to the host who entertains guests. It is used in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΙΚΟΥΣ, ΑΛΛΟΓΕΝΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΞΕΝΟΣ (xenos) comes from Proto-Indo-European *gʰsénos, meaning 'guest, stranger, foreigner'. It is related to Latin hostis ('stranger, enemy') and hospes ('guest, host').

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G0026

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GAH-pay

Translations: love, a love, charity

Notes: This word refers to a deep, unconditional, and benevolent love, often used in a spiritual or divine sense. It is a selfless and sacrificial love, distinct from other forms of love like eros (romantic love) or philia (friendship love). It can be used to describe God's love for humanity, or the love that believers should have for God and for one another.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek. It gained prominence in Koine Greek, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, where it was chosen to translate the Hebrew word 'ahavah' and to describe a specific kind of divine and selfless love.

G1799

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on

Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, (of) before, (of) in the presence of, (of) in the sight of

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'in the presence of' or 'in the sight of' someone or something. It often conveys the idea of being directly in front of, or under the observation of, another.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.

Synonyms: ἘΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en, meaning 'in') and the noun ὬΨ (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'eye'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.

G1577

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-as

Translations: of church, of assembly, of congregation

Notes: This word refers to a gathering or assembly of people, often with a religious or political purpose. In the New Testament, it commonly refers to the Christian church or a local congregation of believers. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (out of) and 'καλέω' (to call), meaning 'a calling out' or 'an assembly of those called out'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ is derived from the Greek preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb καλέω (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. It originally referred to an assembly of citizens called out from their homes for public business.

G4311

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pro-PEM-psas

Translations: having sent forth, having sent on, having escorted, having accompanied, having helped on one's journey

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, masculine, singular, nominative case, derived from the verb 'προπέμπω'. It describes an action completed in the past, indicating that the subject has performed the action of sending someone forth, escorting them, or helping them on their journey. It can be used to describe someone who has provided assistance for travel or has seen someone off.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΣΥΝΟΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word προπέμπω (propempō) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and the verb πέμπω (pempō), meaning 'to send'. Thus, it literally means 'to send forward' or 'to send on one's way'.

G3588, G3778

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G5228

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G1063

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Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G1831

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EEL-than

Translations: they went out, they came out, they departed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Therefore, it means 'to go out' or 'to come out'. It is used to describe a group of people or things moving from an inside location to an outside one, or from one place to another, indicating departure.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G3367

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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G2983

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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: lam-BAH-non-tes

Translations: taking, receiving, getting, seizing, obtaining, accepting

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take', 'to receive', or 'to get'. As a participle, it describes an action that is happening concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'taking', 'receiving', or 'those who are taking/receiving', depending on the context. It implies an ongoing or continuous action of acquiring something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G3767

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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G5274

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-lam-BAH-neen

Translations: to suppose, to assume, to take up, to receive, to reply, to answer

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΥΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ. It is a compound verb formed from ΥΠΟ (under, by) and ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (to take, to receive). Depending on the context, it can mean to take up or receive something, to suppose or assume something, or to reply or answer someone. It often implies taking something up from below, or taking a thought into one's mind.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'from below', and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. Its meaning evolved from 'to take up from below' to 'to take into one's mind' (to suppose) or 'to take up a conversation' (to reply).

G5108

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toy-OO-tooss

Translations: such, such a kind, such as these, such people

Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to refer to persons or things that have been previously mentioned or are implied by the context. It describes the quality or nature of something, indicating that it is of the type or character just described or understood.

Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (this) and the correlative particle 'τοῖος' (such).

G5101

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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G1577

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-ah

Translations: assembly, an assembly, church, a church, congregation, a congregation, (to) assembly, (to) church, (to) congregation

Notes: This word refers to a gathering or assembly of people, often called together for a specific purpose. In ancient Greek contexts, it could refer to a political assembly of citizens. In the New Testament, it primarily refers to the Christian church, either a local congregation or the universal body of believers. It can be used to describe both the physical gathering of people and the spiritual entity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative or Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb καλέω (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. Thus, it literally means 'a calling out' or 'those called out'.

G0243

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Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G5381

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: fee-loh-proh-TEH-oo-ohn

Translations: loving to be first, desiring preeminence, one who loves to be first, a lover of preeminence

Notes: This word is a compound participle meaning 'loving to be first' or 'desiring preeminence'. It describes someone who seeks to be the leader or to hold the highest position. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun or as a substantive (acting as a noun) referring to such a person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΕΥΩΝ, ΦΙΛΟΔΟΞΟΣ

G1361

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Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: dee-oh-TREH-fays

Translations: Diotrephes

Notes: Diotrephes is a proper noun, referring to a specific individual mentioned in the New Testament. He is described as someone who loves to be first among the believers and who does not accept the authority of others. As a proper noun, it functions as the name of a person in a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Diotrephes is of Greek origin, meaning 'nourished by Zeus' or 'cherished by Zeus'. It is a compound word derived from 'Dios' (Διός), the genitive form of Zeus (Ζεύς), and 'trepho' (τρέφω), meaning 'to nourish' or 'to rear'.

G1926

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-DEKH-eh-tai

Translations: receives, accepts, admits, allows, endures, tolerates

Notes: This verb means to receive, accept, admit, or allow. It can also imply enduring or tolerating something. It is often used in contexts where someone is willing or unwilling to take something in, whether it be a message, a person, or a situation.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and δέχομαι (dechomai, 'to receive'). It literally means 'to receive upon' or 'to receive in addition'.

G1223

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G5279

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pom-NEE-soh

Translations: remind, bring to remembrance, put in mind of

Notes: This verb means to remind someone of something, or to bring something to their remembrance. It is often used in the context of recalling past events or teachings to someone's mind. It can be used transitively, taking an object that is being reminded.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ΜΝΗΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word Ὑπομιμνήσκω is a compound word formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by', and the verb μιμνήσκω (mimnēskō), meaning 'to remind' or 'to remember'. The prefix ὑπό here intensifies the action or suggests a subtle or indirect reminder.

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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G5396

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: phly-A-ron

Translations: of babbling, of talking nonsense, of prating, of speaking idly

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to babble' or 'to talk nonsense'. It describes someone who speaks idly, foolishly, or excessively without substance. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to describe the action of babbling.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Genitive Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΛΥΑΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΦΛΥΑΡΕΩ (phlyareō) comes from φλύαρος (phlyaros), meaning 'babbling, talking nonsense', which itself is related to φλύω (phlyō), meaning 'to swell, bubble up'.

G3361

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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G0714

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ar-koo-MEH-nos

Translations: being content, being sufficient, being satisfied, being enough, being pleased, being strong enough, being able

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'arkéō'. It describes someone or something that is content, satisfied, or sufficient. It can also imply being strong enough or able to do something. In a sentence, it would function like an adjective or adverb, describing the state of the subject, often implying a state of self-sufficiency or acceptance.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: HIKANOS, PLEONAZŌ, EUDAOKEŌ

Etymology: The verb ἀρκέω (arkéō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words meaning 'to ward off' or 'to suffice'. It has been used since ancient Greek times to convey the idea of being sufficient or content.

G1909

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G5124

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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G0846

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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G1014

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: boo-LOH-meh-noos

Translations: wishing, desiring, intending, purposing, those wishing, those desiring, those intending

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'βούλομαι', meaning 'to wish' or 'to desire'. It describes someone who is in the act of wishing or desiring something. In this form, it functions adjectivally or substantively, often translated as 'those wishing' or 'those desiring', depending on the context.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Accusative Case, Masculine or Feminine Gender, Plural Number

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΥΝΤΑΣ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1544

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-BAL-lei

Translations: he casts out, she casts out, it casts out, he throws out, she throws out, it throws out, he drives out, she drives out, it drives out, he sends out, she sends out, it sends out, he brings out, she brings out, it brings out, he puts out, she puts out, it puts out, he expels, she expels, it expels, he divorces, she divorces, it divorces

Notes: This word means to cast out, throw out, drive out, or send out. It can also mean to bring out, put out, or expel. In some contexts, it can specifically refer to divorcing someone. It is used to describe the action of removing something or someone from a place or situation, often with force or authority.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΩΘΕΩ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2556

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KAH-kon

Translations: evil, bad, harmful, wicked, a bad thing, an evil thing, a wrong, a misfortune, a disaster

Notes: This word describes something that is bad, evil, or harmful. It can refer to moral wickedness, physical harm, or general poor quality. When used as a substantive (like a noun), it refers to an evil thing, a wrong, or a misfortune. It can be used to describe actions, intentions, or conditions.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek or from an unknown root.

G0235

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Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G0018

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-gah-THON

Translations: good, a good thing, benefit, advantage, what is good

Notes: This word describes something that is good, beneficial, or morally upright. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its positive quality. As a neuter noun, it often refers to 'a good thing' or 'what is good' in a general sense, encompassing both moral excellence and practical benefit. It is frequently used to describe actions, outcomes, or qualities that are desirable or virtuous.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word originates from Proto-Indo-European, referring to something that is 'good' or 'noble'. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G0015

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-gah-thoh-poy-OHN

Translations: doing good, doing what is good, well-doing, a well-doer

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'doing good' or 'one who does good'. It describes someone who performs good deeds or acts righteously. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun or as a substantive (a noun formed from a participle) referring to a person who does good.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative; or Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative; or Masculine, Plural, Genitive

Synonyms: ΕΥΠΟΙΩΝ, ΚΑΛΟΠΟΙΩΝ

G2554

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-koh-poy-OHN

Translations: evildoer, one who does evil, malefactor, a wrongdoer

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who does evil' or 'an evildoer'. It describes someone who habitually or actively engages in bad actions. It is a compound word formed from 'κακός' (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil', and 'ποιέω' (poieo), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. Thus, it literally means 'one who does bad'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΩΛΟΣ, ΑΝΟΜΟΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ

G3140

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-mar-too-REE-tai

Translations: has been testified, has been borne witness to, has been attested, has been given a good report

Notes: This word is a perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'μαρτυρέω' (martyreō), meaning 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'. In this form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results, where the subject is the recipient of the action (it has been testified about). It implies that someone or something has received testimony or a good report.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΩ, ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΣΥΜΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ

G5259

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G1161

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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1492

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-das

Translations: you know, you understand

Notes: This word means 'you know' or 'you understand'. It is a perfect tense verb form that is used with a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing or having knowledge. It is used when addressing a single person directly.

Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΔΑ (oida) is an ancient Greek perfect tense verb with a present meaning, meaning 'to know'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'.

G3754

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G3141

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mar-too-REE-ah

Translations: testimony, witness, evidence, a testimony

Notes: This word refers to a testimony, witness, or evidence, often given in a legal or formal context. It can also refer to the act of bearing witness or providing proof. It is typically used to describe a statement or declaration that confirms or proves something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΣ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: From the Greek word μάρτυς (martys), meaning 'witness'. It refers to the act or content of bearing witness.

G227

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-LAY-thays

Translations: true, real, truthful, genuine, a true, a real

Notes: This word describes something that is true, real, or genuine, as opposed to false, counterfeit, or imaginary. It can refer to a person who is truthful, a statement that is accurate, or a thing that is authentic. It is often used to emphasize the reality or validity of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΤΥΜΟΣ, ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: From ἀ- (a-, 'not') and λήθω (lēthō, 'to escape notice, be hidden'), meaning 'not hidden' or 'unconcealed'.

G4183

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G2192

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-khon

Translations: had, were having, possessed, held

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can be used to indicate possession, a state of being, or to describe an action that was happening over a period of time in the past. For example, 'they had' or 'they were holding'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ

G4771

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Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G2309

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: THEH-loh

Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to will, to intend, to be willing

Notes: This verb expresses a desire, intention, or willingness to do something. It can be used to indicate a strong personal wish or a divine will. It often takes an infinitive to complete its meaning, indicating what is wished or willed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷhelh₁- (to want, wish). It is related to the English word 'will' (as in 'free will').

G1679

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: el-PI-zoh

Translations: hope, expect, trust, believe

Notes: This verb means to hope, to expect, or to trust. It describes the act of looking forward to something with anticipation, often with a sense of confidence or reliance. It can be used to express a general hope for the future or a specific expectation regarding an event or person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΛΠΙΖΩ comes from the noun ἘΛΠΙΣ (elpis), meaning 'hope'. It is related to the concept of longing or looking forward to something.

G3708

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DEIN

Translations: to see, to perceive, to behold, to look, to know, to understand

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see'. It is used to express the action of seeing or perceiving in a general sense, often without a specific time frame. It can also imply understanding or knowing something through observation. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He desired to see the truth' or 'It is good to see the light'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΒΛΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ὁράω' (horao) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. The aorist stem 'ἰδ-' (id-) is derived from a different, but related, Proto-Indo-European root, which also means 'to see' or 'to know'.

G4750

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STOH-mah

Translations: mouth, an mouth, opening, edge, speech, utterance

Notes: This word refers to the mouth of a person or animal. It can also metaphorically refer to an opening or entrance, such as the mouth of a river or a cave. Furthermore, it is often used to denote speech, utterance, or the edge of a sword or other sharp object, implying the 'cutting' or 'speaking' part. It is a neuter noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΤΟΜΑΤΟΣ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΙ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'mouth' or 'opening'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G4314

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G2980

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-lee-SOH-men

Translations: we will speak, we will say, we will talk

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. ΛΑΛΗΣΟΜΕΝ is the first person plural future indicative active form, meaning 'we will speak' or 'we will say'. It describes an action of speaking that will happen in the future, often referring to a direct verbal communication.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Future Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΩ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΛΑΛΕΩ is of imitative origin, likely derived from the sound of babbling or chattering. It is an onomatopoeic word that developed to mean 'to speak' or 'to talk'.

G1515

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: i-RAY-nay

Translations: peace, a peace

Notes: This word refers to a state of tranquility, harmony, and well-being. It can denote an absence of conflict, a sense of inner calm, or a state of reconciliation. It is often used in contexts of spiritual peace or a peaceful relationship between individuals or nations.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ

Etymology: From a primary verb εἴρω (eirō), meaning 'to join'. The word originally conveyed the idea of binding together or joining, leading to the concept of unity and harmony, and thus peace.

G5384

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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: fee-LOOS

Translations: friends, beloved ones, dear ones, beloved, dear

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'beloved one', or as an adjective meaning 'dear' or 'beloved'. It is used to refer to individuals or groups who are cherished, loved, or closely associated with someone. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to 'friends' or 'beloved ones' in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

G2596

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Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G3686

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or even authority, as a name often represents the person or entity itself. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive; Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. It is cognate with Latin nōmen and English name.

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3 John, Chapter 1

Interlinear version from Tischendorf's Greek New Testament (Beta)

1:1

1:2

1:3

1:4

1:5

1:6

1:7

1:8

1:9

1:10

1:11

1:12

1:13

1:14

1:15

This interlinear database is in beta