Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Codex Sinaiticus / Song of Solomon / Chapter 2Song of Solomon, Chapter 2
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G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G3566
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOOM-fee-os
Translations: bridegroom, a bridegroom
Notes: This word refers to a bridegroom, the man who is about to be married or has just been married. It is typically used in contexts related to weddings or marital unions. It can be used in sentences like 'The bridegroom arrived' or 'He is the bridegroom.'
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From νύμφη (nymphe), meaning 'bride' or 'young woman'. The suffix -ιος indicates a relationship or belonging.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G1438
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ahf-TON
Translations: himself, herself, itself, themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, or themselves'. It is used to refer back to the subject of the sentence, indicating that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject. For example, 'he saw himself'. It can be used for singular or plural subjects.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΝ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: This is a first-person singular pronoun, meaning 'I' or 'me'. It is used when the speaker is referring to themselves as the subject of a verb (nominative case). It can also be used for emphasis.
Inflection: First person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a common first-person pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.
G0438
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-thos
Translations: flower, a flower, blossom, bloom
Notes: This word refers to a flower, blossom, or bloom. It is used to describe the flowering part of a plant, often symbolizing beauty, fragility, or the transient nature of life. It can be used in a literal sense for a plant's flower or metaphorically for the prime or finest part of something, such as the 'flower of youth'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΟΥΛΟΥΔΙ, ΦΥΤΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to words meaning 'to bloom' or 'to swell'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G3976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: peh-DEE-oo
Translations: of a plain, of a field, of a flat area
Notes: This word refers to a flat, open area of land, such as a plain or a field. It is used to describe the general landscape or a specific cultivated area. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of the plain' or 'belonging to the field'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΓΡΟΥ, ΧΩΡΑΣ
Etymology: The word 'πεδίον' (pedion) comes from the Ancient Greek 'πέδον' (pedon), meaning 'ground' or 'soil'. It refers to a level or flat surface.
G2918
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KREE-non
Translations: lily, a lily
Notes: This word refers to a lily, a type of flower. It is often used to describe beauty or purity, as lilies are known for their striking appearance. It can be used in sentences to refer to the flower itself, or metaphorically to describe something beautiful or delicate.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is believed to be of pre-Greek, Mediterranean origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G2806
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: koy-LAH-dohn
Translations: of valleys
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'κοιλάς' (koilas), which means 'valley' or 'hollow'. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship, meaning 'of valleys'. It is used to describe something belonging to or coming from multiple valleys.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΑΡΑΓΓΩΝ, ΝΑΠΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'κοιλάς' (koilas) comes from 'κοῖλος' (koilos), meaning 'hollow' or 'concave'. It refers to a depression in the land.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G3565
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NYM-fayn
Translations: bride, a bride, daughter-in-law, a daughter-in-law, young woman, a young woman
Notes: This word refers to a young woman, specifically one who is newly married (a bride) or a son's wife (a daughter-in-law). It can also generally refer to a young woman. It is used in sentences to describe a female in these specific relationships or life stages.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΝΕΑΝΙΣ, ΠΑΡΘΕΝΟΣ
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EN
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.
G3319
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-soh
Translations: middle, midst, among, between, in the midst (of), (in the) middle (of), (among), (between)
Notes: This word refers to the middle or center of something. It is often used in a prepositional phrase, such as 'in the midst of' or 'among', indicating a position surrounded by others. It can also describe something that is intermediate or in between two points.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΝ, ΕΣΩ
G0002
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-kan-THON
Translations: of thorns, of thistles, of prickly plants
Notes: This word refers to thorny plants, thistles, or any prickly vegetation. It is often used in a collective sense to describe a group or collection of such plants, or to indicate something made from them, like a crown of thorns. In the provided examples, it describes the material of a crown or the environment where something is placed.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΛΩΝ, ΣΚΟΛΟΠΩΝ
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G4139
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-see-on
Translations: near, nearby, neighbor, a neighbor, one's neighbor
Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'near' or 'nearby', indicating proximity in space or time. It can also be used substantively as a noun, typically in the neuter singular, to refer to 'one's neighbor' or 'the person next to you'. When used as a noun, it often refers to a fellow human being, emphasizing a relationship of proximity or community.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular (when used substantively as a noun)
Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G0303
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Prefix
Sounds like: AH-nah
Translations: up, upward, among, through, each, by, again, back, a, an
Notes: ΑΝΑ is a versatile word that can function as a preposition, an adverb, or a prefix in compound words. As a preposition, it typically takes the accusative case and signifies movement upwards, distribution (each, by), or repetition (again, back). As an adverb, it can mean 'up' or 'upwards'. When used as a prefix, it often conveys ideas of upward movement, reversal, repetition, or distribution.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΚΑΤΑ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂en- 'on, upon'. It is cognate with English 'on' and 'up'.
G3319
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: MEH-son
Translations: middle, midst, between, among, a middle, the middle
Notes: This word refers to the middle point, space, or time. It is often used in phrases with prepositions like "ana" (ἀνά) or "en" (ἐν) to indicate being "in the midst of," "between," or "among" things or people.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΝ, ΕΝΤΟΣ
G2364
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thoo-gah-TEH-ron
Translations: of daughters, daughters
Notes: This word refers to female offspring. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of daughters' or 'belonging to daughters'. It can also be translated simply as 'daughters' when the genitive relationship is implied by context.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
G3565
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOOM-fay
Translations: bride, a bride, young woman, a young woman, daughter-in-law, a daughter-in-law, nymph, a nymph
Notes: This word refers to a young woman, especially one who is newly married or about to be married, hence 'bride'. It can also refer to a daughter-in-law or, in a broader sense, any young woman. In ancient Greek mythology, it could also refer to a divine female spirit associated with nature, a 'nymph'. Its usage depends on the context.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΘΕΝΟΣ, ΓΥΝΗ
Etymology: The word ΝΥΜΦΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a young woman or bride. It is related to Latin 'nūbere' (to marry) and 'nupta' (bride).
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G3566
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NYM-fee-on
Translations: bridegroom, a bridegroom
Notes: This word refers to a bridegroom, the man who is about to be married or has just been married. It is used in contexts related to weddings and marriage. While the root form is an adjective meaning 'belonging to a bride', in its masculine form it commonly functions as a noun for 'bridegroom'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
G3748
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MAY-lon
Translations: apple, a fruit, a sheep, a goat, a flock
Notes: This word can refer to a fruit, specifically an apple, or more generally to any tree fruit. It can also refer to a sheep or a goat, and by extension, a flock of sheep or goats. The meaning depends on the context in which it is used.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΑΤΟΝ, ΑΙΞ, ΚΑΡΠΟΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to words for 'fruit' or 'round object'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G3586
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: XOO-loys
Translations: (to) wood, (to) a tree, (to) timber, (to) a staff, (to) a club, (to) a cross
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'ΞΥΛΟΝ' (xylon). It refers to wood in its various forms, such as a standing tree, cut timber, a piece of wood used as a staff or club, or even a cross. In the dative case, it indicates the indirect object or the means/instrument by which an action is performed, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'with', 'by', or 'in'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΕΝΔΡΟΝ, ΔΟΚΟΣ, ΡΑΒΔΟΣ
G1403
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: droo-MOO
Translations: of a forest, of a wood, of a thicket
Notes: This word refers to a forest, wood, or thicket. It is used to describe a dense area of trees or shrubs. In the provided examples, it appears in contexts related to wild animals or natural landscapes.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΥΛΗ, ΔΑΣΟΣ, ΑΛΣΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΔΡΥΜΟΣ (drymos) is derived from δρῦς (drys), meaning 'tree' or 'oak'. It refers to a place where trees, especially oaks, grow densely.
G79
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FEE-doss
Translations: of a niece, a niece, niece
Notes: This word refers to a niece, specifically a sister's daughter. It is used to denote a female relative who is the daughter of one's sibling. In this form, it is the genitive singular, indicating possession or relationship.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-ee-OHN
Translations: of sons, of children, of descendants
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΥΙΟΣ' (huios), meaning 'son' or 'child'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of sons' or 'of children'. In a broader sense, it can also refer to descendants or followers, indicating a close association or lineage.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΩΝ, ΠΑΙΔΩΝ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G4639
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SKEE-ah
Translations: shadow, a shadow
Notes: This word refers to a shadow, which is an area where direct light from a light source is blocked by an opaque object. It can be used literally to describe a physical shadow cast by an object or person. Metaphorically, it can refer to something that is a mere outline, a faint image, or a prefigurement of something to come, suggesting an imperfect or temporary representation of a greater reality.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *skeh₃i- (to shine, gleam, shadow).
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: of him, of it, his, its, of himself, of itself, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun, a possessive pronoun, or an intensive/reflexive pronoun. In the genitive case, as seen here, it typically means 'of him' or 'of it' when referring to a third person, or 'his' or 'its' to indicate possession. It can also be used for emphasis, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', especially when preceding the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
G1937
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-peh-thy-MEE-sah
Translations: I desired, I longed, I craved, I lusted, I coveted
Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'epithymeo'. It describes a past action of desiring, longing, or craving something. It can be used in both positive and negative contexts, referring to a strong desire for good things or a covetous desire for forbidden things.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΘΕΛΩ, ΟΡΕΓΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'epithymeo' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'epi' (meaning 'upon' or 'for') and 'thymos' (meaning 'passion' or 'strong feeling'). It originally conveyed the idea of setting one's heart or passion upon something.
G2523
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-KAH-thee-sah
Translations: I sat down, I took my seat, I settled, I caused to sit, I appointed
Notes: This is a verb in the first person singular, aorist active indicative form. It means 'I sat down' or 'I took my seat'. In some contexts, it can also mean 'I caused someone to sit' or 'I appointed' someone to a position. The aorist tense indicates a completed action in the past.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΙΖΩ, ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΘΙΖΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down', and the verb ΙΖΩ (HIZO), meaning 'to sit' or 'to cause to sit'. The combination emphasizes the action of sitting down.
G2590
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-POS
Translations: fruit, a fruit, crop, produce, result, profit, deed
Notes: This word refers to the literal fruit of plants, trees, or the earth, such as a crop or produce. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the outcome or result of an action, effort, or life, often translated as 'fruit' in the sense of 'the fruit of one's labor' or 'the fruit of the Spirit'. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΜΑ, ΕΚΒΑΣΙΣ, ΕΡΓΟΝ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΡΠΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to pluck' or 'to gather'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since classical times.
G1088
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: GLOO-koos
Translations: sweet, pleasant, agreeable, a sweet, an agreeable
Notes: This word describes something as sweet, pleasant, or agreeable. It can refer to a literal taste, or metaphorically to something that is pleasing or delightful, such as a sweet sleep or a pleasant voice. It is often used to describe things that are enjoyable or beneficial.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΗΔΥΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *dlk-u- meaning 'sweet'.
G2995
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: lah-RYNG-gee
Translations: (to) throat, (to) larynx
Notes: This word refers to the throat or larynx, the part of the body containing the vocal cords. It is used to describe the physical organ involved in speaking or swallowing. In the provided examples, it is used in contexts relating to the tongue sticking to the throat, implying extreme thirst or distress.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Etymology: The word derives from the ancient Greek word λαρύγξ (larynx), which referred to the upper part of the windpipe. Its origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G3499
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: neh-AH-nee-sin
Translations: to young women, to young girls, for young women, for young girls
Notes: This word refers to young women or girls. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΡΗ, ΠΑΡΘΕΝΟΣ
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PHAY-sin
Translations: he says, she says, it says, he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is a common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone else has said or to introduce a direct quote. It can be translated as 'he says', 'she says', or 'it says', and often implies 'he/she/it said' in narrative contexts.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΗΜΙ (phēmi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak' or 'to show'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of speaking or declaring.
G1521
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eis-ah-GAH-geh-teh
Translations: bring in, lead in, introduce, bring into, lead into
Notes: This word means to bring or lead someone or something into a place. It is often used in the context of introducing people or objects into a specific location or situation. It is a compound word formed from 'εἰς' (into) and 'ἄγω' (to lead/bring).
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word εἰσάγω (eisagō) is a compound verb derived from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the first-person singular pronoun 'me' in the accusative case. It is used as the direct object of a verb or as the object of certain prepositions, indicating the recipient of an action or the object being affected.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΜΕ (me) derives from the ancient Greek first-person singular pronoun. Its form has remained largely consistent throughout various stages of the Greek language.
G1519, G1520
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one
Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'
Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).
G3624
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-kon
Translations: house, home, household, temple, dwelling
Notes: This word refers to a house, a dwelling place, or a household, which can include the family members and servants living within it. It can also refer to a temple or a place of worship. It is often used to denote a physical structure, but can also metaphorically represent a family line or a spiritual dwelling.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ
G3631
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-noo
Translations: of wine, of a wine
Notes: This word refers to 'wine', a fermented beverage made from grapes. It is commonly used in ancient texts to denote the drink itself, often in contexts of meals, celebrations, or religious rituals. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, such as 'the taste of wine' or 'a jar of wine'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G5021
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: TAKS-ah-teh
Translations: arrange, appoint, order, command, set, assign, put in order, put in place
Notes: This word means to arrange, appoint, or order. It is often used in the sense of setting things in their proper place, giving commands, or assigning duties. It can refer to military arrangements, administrative appointments, or simply putting things in order.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: ep-EE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning
Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the accusative form of the first-person singular pronoun, meaning 'me'. It is used as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. For example, 'He saw me' or 'He spoke to me'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΕΓΩ (ego) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *eǵh₂- (I). It is a fundamental pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.
G0026
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-gah-PAYN
Translations: love, a love
Notes: This word refers to a deep, unconditional, and benevolent love, often used in a spiritual or divine sense. It is a noun and in this form, it functions as the direct object of a verb, indicating that it is the recipient of an action.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΕΡΩΣ
Etymology: The word ἀγάπη (agapē) is of uncertain origin, but it is a common term in Koine Greek, particularly prominent in the New Testament to describe divine and selfless love.
G4741
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: stee-REE-sah-teh
Translations: strengthen ye, establish ye, support ye, confirm ye
Notes: This word is a command, an imperative verb, meaning 'to strengthen,' 'to establish,' or 'to support.' It is directed at multiple people, instructing them to perform the action of strengthening or establishing something or someone. It implies providing firm support or making something stable.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΩ, ΕΔΡΑΖΩ
G3464
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MY-roys
Translations: with ointment, with perfumes, with fragrant oil, with anointing oil
Notes: This word refers to a fragrant oil, perfume, or ointment, often used for anointing or for pleasure. It is a compound word, but the root is the noun 'μύρον'. In this inflected form, it indicates the means or instrument by which an action is performed, or the location where something is found, often translated with 'with' or 'in'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΛΑΙΟΝ, ΑΛΟΙΦΗ
G4760
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: stoy-VAH-sah-teh
Translations: Heap up, pile up, store up, gather
Notes: This word means to heap up, pile up, or store up. It refers to the action of accumulating or gathering things into a pile or stack. It can be used in contexts where physical objects are being piled, or metaphorically for accumulating something like wealth or troubles.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΩΡΕΥΩ, ΣΥΝΑΓΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek στοιβάζω (stoibazō), meaning 'to pack, to pile up', from στοῖβος (stoibos), 'a heap, a pile'.
G3748
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MAY-loys
Translations: (to) apples, (with) apples, (by) apples, (to) fruit, (with) fruit, (by) fruit, (to) sheep, (with) sheep, (by) sheep
Notes: This word refers to fruit, specifically apples, or to sheep. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object, means, or instrument. For example, it could mean 'to/for apples/sheep' or 'with/by means of apples/sheep'. The meaning depends on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter or Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΑΤΟΝ, ΚΑΡΠΟΣ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to both tree fruit (especially apples) and small livestock like sheep or goats.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G5135
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: tet-ROH-meh-nee
Translations: wounded, stricken, pierced, a wounded one, a wounded woman
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been wounded' or 'stricken'. It describes someone or something that has suffered a wound or injury. In the provided context, 'ΤΕΤΡΩΜΕΝΗ ἈΓΑΠΗΣ' implies 'wounded by love' or 'love-sick'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΛΗΓΜΕΝΗ, ΤΕΤΥΠΗΜΕΝΗ
Etymology: The word ΤΙΤΡΩΣΚΩ (titrōskō) is derived from an ancient root meaning 'to pierce' or 'to wound'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings of striking or harming.
G0026
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-GAH-pays
Translations: of love, of charity, of affection
Notes: This word refers to a deep, unconditional love, often used in a spiritual or divine sense. It describes a benevolent and selfless affection, distinct from other forms of love like erotic desire or familial affection. It is used to express the source or possession of love.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΕΡΩΣ
G2176
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-OO-oh-noo-mos
Translations: left, left hand, left side, unfortunate, ill-omened
Notes: This adjective describes something located on the left side, such as the left hand or left side of a person or object. In ancient Greek thought, the left side was often associated with ill omens or misfortune, hence its secondary meaning of 'unfortunate' or 'ill-omened'. It can also be used to refer to the left-hand direction.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine; or Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine; or Singular, Vocative, Masculine or Feminine
Etymology: The word ΕΥΩΝΥΜΟΣ is a compound word derived from the prefix ΕΥ- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ΟΝΟΜΑ (onoma), meaning 'name'. It literally means 'well-named' or 'of good name'. This is a euphemism for 'left', as the left side was often considered unlucky or inauspicious, so it was given a 'good' name to avoid speaking ill of it directly.
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G2776
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: keh-fah-LEEN
Translations: head, a head
Notes: This word refers to the physical head of a body. It can also be used metaphorically to denote a leader, chief, or origin, depending on the context, such as 'the head of a household' or 'the head of a river'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'head' or 'top' in other Indo-European languages.
G1188
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: dex-ee-AH
Translations: right, right hand, a right hand, (of) the right hand, (to) the right hand
Notes: This word refers to the right side or the right hand. As an adjective, it describes something as being on the right. As a noun, it refers to the right hand or the right side itself. It is often used metaphorically to denote a place of honor, power, or authority, as in 'sitting at the right hand of God'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; Singular, Accusative, Feminine; Singular, Genitive, Feminine; Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deḱs- (right). It is related to Latin dexter and English 'dexterous'.
G4047
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-LEEMP-seh-tai
Translations: will embrace, will take hold of, will surround, will contain
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. Together, it means to take hold of something from all sides, to encompass, or to embrace. It describes an action where something or someone is completely surrounded or taken into possession.
Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΗΣΕΙ, ΣΥΝΕΧΕΙ
G3726
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OR-kee-sah
Translations: I adjured, I made to swear, I put under oath
Notes: This word means to put someone under oath, to solemnly charge, or to adjure. It is used when one person makes another person swear an oath, often with a strong appeal or command. For example, one might adjure someone by God or by something sacred.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΞΟΡΚΙΖΩ, ΟΜΝΥΜΙ
Etymology: The word ΟΡΚΙΖΩ (horkizō) comes from the noun ὅρκος (horkos), meaning 'oath'. It signifies the act of administering or imposing an oath.
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G2364
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thoo-GAH-teh-res
Translations: daughters
Notes: This word refers to female offspring. It is used to denote a group of daughters, often in a familial context, but can also be used more broadly to refer to women or female descendants.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine
G2419
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: hee-eh-roo-sa-LEM
Translations: Jerusalem
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for Ἱερουσαλήμ (Hierousalem), which refers to the city of Jerusalem. It is a proper noun used to denote the ancient capital city of Judea, significant in biblical and historical contexts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The name Ἱερουσαλήμ is of Hebrew origin, from יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushaláyim). It is believed to mean "foundation of Shalem" or "city of peace."
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-sin
Translations: (to) powers, (to) mighty works, (to) forces, (to) abilities, (to) miracles
Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength. It can also denote a miraculous power or a mighty work performed by such power. In this dative plural form, it indicates the recipient or instrument of an action, meaning 'to/for powers' or 'by/with powers'. It is often used in contexts referring to spiritual or divine power, or to supernatural acts.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ
G2479
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: is-KHY-se-sin
Translations: (to) strength, (to) power, (to) might, (to) ability
Notes: This word is a noun referring to inherent strength, power, or might. It denotes the capacity to act or perform, often implying a robust and enduring quality. In its dative plural form, it indicates the recipient or instrument of strength, power, or ability, often translated as 'to strengths' or 'by means of strengths'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΕΣΙΝ, ΚΡΑΤΕΣΙΝ
G68
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ag-ROO
Translations: of a field, of the field, of land, of the land, of a country, of the country
Notes: This word refers to a field, land, or country. It is used to denote an area of cultivated or uncultivated ground, or a region. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵros, meaning 'field, plain'. It is cognate with Latin ager, English acre, and Sanskrit ajra.
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ
Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.
G1453
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GAY-ree-tai
Translations: he may be raised, he may be awakened, he may be stirred up, he may rise, he may wake up
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'egeirō', meaning to raise, awaken, or stir up. It is used to describe someone or something being brought up from a state of rest, sleep, or inactivity, or being caused to stand up. It can refer to physical resurrection, waking from sleep, or being roused to action. In the provided examples, it suggests a rising or awakening, possibly in a metaphorical sense of being stirred up or appearing.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present, Passive, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to awaken, to rouse'. It is related to words for 'awake' and 'watch'.
G1453
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-eh-GHEE-ree-tai
Translations: is raised, is awakened, is stirred up, is aroused, is risen
Notes: This word is the third person singular, present indicative, middle or passive voice form of the verb 'εγείρω' (egeirō), meaning 'to raise, awaken, or stir up'. In the middle voice, it implies the subject acts upon itself or for its own benefit, so it means 'he/she/it raises himself/herself/itself' or 'he/she/it awakens'. In the passive voice, it means 'he/she/it is raised' or 'he/she/it is awakened'. The prefix 'εξ-' (ex-) intensifies the meaning, suggesting a complete or outward action, so 'εξεγείρω' means 'to fully awaken, to rouse up completely, or to stir up thoroughly'. Thus, 'εξεγείρηται' means 'he/she/it is fully awakened/roused/stirred up'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΕΞΥΠΝΙΖΩ
G2193
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: EH-ohs
Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AN
Translations: if, perhaps, whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, as soon as, until, before
Notes: This word is a conditional particle used to express possibility, contingency, or indefiniteness. It is often used with the subjunctive mood to form conditional clauses, indicating that an action or state is dependent on a certain condition. It can also be combined with other words to form indefinite relative pronouns or adverbs, such as 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whenever'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΟΤΑΝ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The particle 'an' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en- meaning 'on, at'. It is an ancient Greek particle that has been used since classical times.
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: THEH-lee-see
Translations: unknown
Notes: This word, ΘΕΛΗΣΗ (thelisi), is not found in Koine Greek texts. It is a modern Greek word meaning 'will' or 'desire'. In Koine Greek, the equivalent word for 'will' or 'desire' is usually θέλημα (thelema). It is possible this word is a misspelling or a modern Greek word used in a context where Koine Greek is expected.
Inflection: Unknown
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-KAY-koh-en
Translations: he has heard, she has heard, it has heard, he heard, she heard, it heard
Notes: ΑΚΗΚΟΕΝ is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb ΑΚΟΥΩ (akouō), which means 'to hear' or 'to listen'. The perfect tense indicates an action completed in the past with continuing results in the present. Therefore, 'he has heard' or 'he heard' are common translations, emphasizing the completed action and its present state or relevance. It is used to describe someone having received information through hearing.
Inflection: Singular, 3rd Person, Perfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ
Etymology: The root verb ΑΚΟΥΩ (akouō) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since Homeric times.
G3566
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: nym-FEE-oo
Translations: of a bridegroom, of the bridegroom
Notes: This word refers to a bridegroom, the man who is about to be married or has just been married. It is used to describe something belonging to or associated with the bridegroom. For example, one might speak of the 'voice of the bridegroom' or the 'friend of the bridegroom'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G5456
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foh-NAY
Translations: voice, sound, noise, a voice, a sound, a noise
Notes: This word refers to a voice, a sound, or a noise. It is commonly used to describe the sound produced by living beings, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal, but can also refer to inanimate sounds like thunder or the sound of a trumpet. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to speak, tell, say). Cognate with Latin fari (to speak) and English ban.
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-fee-DOU
Translations: of my beloved, of a beloved, of a kinsman, of a relative
Notes: This word is a noun referring to a beloved person, a kinsman, or a relative. It is often used in a tender or affectionate sense, particularly in contexts like the Song of Solomon to refer to a beloved male. It is the genitive singular form, indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΣ, ΦΙΛΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΔΕΛΦΙΔΟΣ is a diminutive form derived from the Greek word ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ (adelphos), meaning 'brother'. The suffix -ιδ- (-id-) indicates a diminutive or a close relationship, hence 'little brother' or 'kinsman', evolving to 'beloved'.
G2400
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Part of Speech: Interjection, Adverb
Sounds like: ee-DOO
Translations: behold, look, see, lo, here is, here are
Notes: This word is an interjection used to draw attention to something, similar to 'behold' or 'look!' in English. It can introduce a new or important statement, often emphasizing what follows. It can also be used to present something, meaning 'here is' or 'here are'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΡΑ, ΒΛΕΠΕ
Etymology: From the aorist imperative of the verb ΟΡΑΩ (HORAO), meaning 'to see'. It functions as an interjection.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: OO-tos
Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.
G2240
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HEE-kay
Translations: comes, has come, is present, is here, arrives
Notes: This word means 'to come' or 'to arrive'. It is used to indicate that someone or something has reached a particular place or time, or that an event is present or imminent. It often implies a state of having arrived and being present.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ
G4072
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pay-DOHN
Translations: leaping, jumping, springing, bounding
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'ΠΗΔΑΩ', meaning 'to leap' or 'to jump'. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or simultaneous with the main verb in a sentence. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or adverbially, modifying a verb, indicating how or when an action is performed.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative Singular
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΣΚΙΡΤΑΩ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: EP-ee
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a
Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'
Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G3735
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-REE
Translations: mountains, hills
Notes: This word refers to elevated landforms, such as mountains or hills. It is typically used in the plural to denote a range of mountains or a mountainous region.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΝΟΣ, ΟΡΟΣ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- ('to rise, to lift').
G1293
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: dee-al-LOH-meh-nos
Translations: leaping, springing, bounding, jumping
Notes: This word is a present participle, meaning 'leaping' or 'bounding'. It describes an action of jumping or springing, often with agility or enthusiasm. It is used to describe someone or something that is actively engaged in the act of leaping or jumping, as in 'he is leaping' or 'the leaping one'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΠΗΔΑΩ, ΣΚΙΡΤΑΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G1002
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: boo-NOOS
Translations: hills, mountains
Notes: This word refers to a hill, a mound, or a mountain. It is often used in the plural to denote a range of hills or mountainous regions. In the provided examples, it is used to describe locations where sacrifices were made or where a trumpet sound would echo.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΡΟΣ, ΛΟΦΟΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek, possibly Pelasgian, origin.
G3664
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ho-MOY-os
Translations: like, similar, a like, a similar
Notes: This word describes something that is similar to or resembles something else. It is used to compare two or more things, indicating that they share common characteristics or appearance. For example, it can be used to say 'like him' or 'similar to God'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; can also be other cases and plural. It inflects for gender, number, and case.
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΤΥΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *somH- 'same, one'. It is related to words meaning 'same' or 'together'.
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It is commonly used to link a subject to a predicate, describing what the subject is or what state it is in. For example, it can mean 'he is' or 'it is', depending on the context.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G1393
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dor-KAH-dee
Translations: to a gazelle, to a roe deer, to a deer
Notes: This word refers to a gazelle, a roe deer, or a deer. It is used to describe these agile animals, often in contexts that emphasize their speed or grace. In the provided examples, it is used in comparisons, likening someone or something to the swiftness of a gazelle or deer.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΛΑΦΟΣ, ΝΕΒΡΟΣ
G3500
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NEH-broh
Translations: fawn, a fawn, young deer, a young deer
Notes: This word refers to a young deer, specifically a fawn. It is used to describe a young, agile animal, often in poetic or descriptive contexts. It is a singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΟΡΚΑΣ, ΕΛΑΦΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΝΕΒΡΟΣ (nebros) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or related to a root meaning 'young animal'.
G1647
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-LA-phon
Translations: of deer, of a deer, of stags, of a stag
Notes: This word refers to deer or stags. It is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΕΛΑΦΟΣ' (ELAPHOS), meaning 'deer' or 'stag'. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'of deer' or 'belonging to deer' in English. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the horns of deer' or 'the speed of stags'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine or Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΟΡΚΑΔΩΝ, ΝΕΒΡΩΝ
G0964
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-ee-THEL
Translations: Bethel
Notes: Bethel is a proper noun referring to an ancient city in Canaan, located north of Jerusalem. Its name means 'House of God' in Hebrew. It is frequently mentioned in the Old Testament as a significant religious and historical site.
Inflection: Singular, Indeclinable
Etymology: The name 'Bethel' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'House of God' (בֵּית אֵל, Beit El). It is a compound of 'beit' (house) and 'el' (God).
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G3499
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: neh-AH-nee-das
Translations: young women, maidens
Notes: This word refers to young women or maidens. It is used to describe females who are in their youth, often implying a state of being unmarried or virginal, as seen in contexts like the example provided.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΘΕΝΟΣ, ΚΟΡΗ
G4591
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: say-MAI-noo-sah
Translations: signifying, indicating, showing, pointing out, meaning, a signifying, an indicating
Notes: This word is a present active participle, derived from the verb 'σημαίνω'. It describes something that is in the process of signifying, indicating, or showing. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how an action is performed. For example, it could describe 'a signifying thing' or 'doing something by signifying'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΕΝΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The verb 'σημαίνω' (sēmainō) comes from 'σῆμα' (sēma), meaning 'sign' or 'mark'. It originally meant 'to give a sign' or 'to mark', and developed into 'to signify' or 'to indicate'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TAIS
Translations: to them, for them, them, these, those
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the Greek pronoun 'autos'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'them' (referring to feminine plural entities), or as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'these' or 'those' (again, referring to feminine plural entities). It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΙΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΑΙΣ
G3694
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OH-pee-soh
Translations: behind, after, backward, back
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating position or direction. It can mean 'behind' in terms of physical location, 'after' in terms of time or sequence, or 'backward' in terms of movement. It is often used to describe following someone or something, or looking back.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ
Etymology: From the root ΟΠΙΣ (opis), meaning 'back' or 'behind', which is related to the idea of seeing or looking back.
G5109
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TOY-khoo
Translations: of a wall, of the wall
Notes: This word refers to a wall, typically one that encloses or divides a space, such as a house or a city. It is used to denote the boundary or structure of a building or enclosure. In the provided examples, it appears in contexts relating to a stone crying out from a wall, or someone looking from behind a wall.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΚΥΚΛΩΜΑ
Etymology: The word ΤΟΙΧΟΣ (toichos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb τείχω (teichō), meaning 'to build a wall'.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G2476
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ESS-tay-ken
Translations: stands, has stood, is standing, has been appointed, has been established
Notes: This is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. The perfect tense in Koine Greek often describes a state resulting from a past action, so 'has stood' or 'is standing' are common translations. It can also mean 'to be appointed' or 'to be established'. It is used to describe something that is in a fixed or stable position, or a state that has been brought about and continues.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΙΜΙ
G3879
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: pa-ra-KOOP-ton
Translations: stooping, stooping down, looking, looking into, peering, peering into, bending over
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'stooping' or 'looking intently'. It describes an action of bending forward or down to look at something closely, often with a sense of curiosity or careful examination. It can be used to describe someone peering into a place or bending over an object.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΥΠΤΩ, ΕΜΒΛΕΠΩ, ΣΚΟΠΕΩ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G2376
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thoo-REE-dohn
Translations: of windows
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'θυρίς' (thyris), which means 'window' or 'opening'. It is used to indicate possession or origin, so 'θυρίδων' means 'of windows' or 'belonging to windows'. In a sentence, it would describe something related to or coming from windows.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
Etymology: From 'θύρα' (thyra), meaning 'door' or 'gate', with the diminutive suffix -ις (-is).
G1606
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ek-KOOP-ton
Translations: looking out, peering out, stooping to look in, bending over to look in
Notes: This word describes the action of bending forward or stooping down to look into something, often with a sense of curiosity or careful observation. It implies a physical posture taken to gain a better view, such as peering into a window or a tomb. It is used to describe someone who is actively and intently looking.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΥΠΤΩ, ΚΥΠΤΩ
G1336
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dik-TOO-ohn
Translations: of nets, of fishing nets
Notes: This word refers to nets, typically those used for fishing or hunting. It is used in the plural genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, such as 'belonging to nets' or 'of nets'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
G0611
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-KREE-ne-tai
Translations: he answers, he replies, he responds
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It is commonly used to introduce a direct response or statement made by someone in a conversation. It can also be used in a broader sense to mean 'to respond' to a situation or question.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΕΙ, ΕΙΠΕΝ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-ghei
Translations: says, speaks, he says, he speaks, she says, she speaks, it says, it speaks
Notes: This is a common Koine Greek verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is frequently used to introduce direct quotes or to state what someone (or something) is declaring. It is often translated as 'he says' or 'the Lord says' in biblical contexts.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G0450
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-NAH-stah
Translations: having stood up, having risen, having caused to rise, having raised up, having appeared
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle form of the verb 'anistemi', meaning 'to stand up' or 'to rise'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating someone or something that has completed the act of rising or being raised. It can refer to physical rising, resurrection, or the appearance of a person or thing.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΩ
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EL-theh
Translations: come, go
Notes: This word is an imperative form of the verb 'erchomai', meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It is a command or an invitation for someone to approach or move to a location. It is frequently used in the New Testament in various contexts, often in a spiritual sense.
Inflection: Second Person Singular, Aorist Active Imperative
Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ
G2570
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ka-LEE
Translations: good, beautiful, noble, excellent, a good one, a beautiful one
Notes: This word describes something as good, beautiful, noble, or excellent in quality, appearance, or character. It can refer to something that is morally upright, aesthetically pleasing, or functionally effective. It is often used to commend or praise.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΗ, ΩΡΑΙΑ, ΕΥΓΕΝΗΣ
G4058
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: peh-ris-teh-RAH
Translations: dove, a dove, pigeon, a pigeon
Notes: This word refers to a dove or pigeon. In ancient contexts, doves were often associated with purity, peace, and the Holy Spirit. They are frequently mentioned in biblical texts, sometimes as sacrificial offerings or as symbols. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The word "περιστερά" (peristera) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or from a Semitic source, referring to the bird.
G5494
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEI-mone
Translations: winter, a winter, storm, a storm, tempest, a tempest
Notes: This word refers to the season of winter, but it can also denote a storm or tempest, particularly a winter storm. It is used to describe harsh weather conditions or the cold season of the year.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΥΕΛΛΑ, ΚΑΤΑΙΓΙΣ
Etymology: From an assumed base meaning 'to pour, to rage', related to cold and stormy weather. It is connected to the idea of a 'pouring' rain or a 'raging' storm.
G3928
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-EEL-then
Translations: passed by, passed away, went by, departed, came
Notes: This word describes an action of passing by, going past, or coming to an end. It can refer to time or events passing, or a person or object moving past something or someone. It implies movement from one point to another, often with the sense of leaving something behind or arriving at a destination.
Inflection: Third person singular, Aorist Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G5203
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hyoo-EH-tos
Translations: rain, a rain
Notes: This word refers to rain, precipitation from the sky. It is commonly used in contexts describing weather or the provision of water from above, often with metaphorical or spiritual implications in biblical texts.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΜΒΡΟΣ, ΒΡΟΧΗ
Etymology: From an assumed compound of an ancient root meaning 'to pour' or 'to flow'.
G0565
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ap-EEL-then
Translations: he went away, she went away, it went away, he departed, she departed, it departed
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Therefore, 'ἀπῆλθεν' specifically means 'he/she/it went away' or 'he/she/it departed'. It describes movement from one place to another, indicating a departure or withdrawal.
Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ
G4198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-por-YOO-thay
Translations: he went, he departed, he traveled, he proceeded
Notes: This word is a verb indicating motion, specifically 'to go' or 'to proceed'. It is used to describe someone moving from one place to another. Although it has a passive form, it functions with an active meaning, as it is a deponent verb.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ is derived from the noun ΠΟΡΟΣ (poros), meaning 'a way' or 'a passage'. It signifies the act of making one's way or passing through.
G1438
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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ah-TOH
Translations: (to) himself, (for) himself, (to) herself, (for) herself, (to) itself, (for) itself, (to) themselves, (for) themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the clause. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject itself. It can be used for singular or plural subjects, and its specific meaning (himself, herself, itself, themselves) depends on the gender and number of the subject it refers to. In this dative form, it often conveys the sense of 'to' or 'for' the subject.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-thay
Translations: flowers, blossoms, a flower, a blossom
Notes: This word refers to flowers or blossoms. It is typically used in the plural to denote multiple flowers, but can also refer to a single flower. It describes the blooming part of a plant.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
G3708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OHF-thay
Translations: was seen, appeared, was made visible
Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist, passive, indicative form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see'. Therefore, 'ὤφθη' translates to 'he/she/it was seen' or 'he/she/it appeared'. It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed, where the subject was the recipient of the action of being seen or becoming visible.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ
Etymology: The root 'ὁράω' (horao) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. It is related to other Greek words concerning sight and appearance.
G1093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GAY
Translations: earth, land, ground, country, a land, the earth
Notes: This word refers to the physical ground, the planet Earth, or a specific territory or country. It is often used to distinguish land from the sea or sky, or to denote a particular region or nation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΑΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It refers to the earth as a flat, solid surface, distinct from the heavens or the sea.
G2540
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kai-ROS
Translations: time, a time, season, a season, appointed time, an appointed time, opportune time, an opportune time
Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, often implying a critical moment or a season of activity, as opposed to chronological time (chronos). It is used to denote the right or proper time for something to happen or be done.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΥΚΑΙΡΙΑ
Etymology: The etymology of 'ΚΑΙΡΟΣ' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κείρω' (keirō), meaning 'to cut', possibly referring to a 'cut' or 'decisive' moment in time.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G5115
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: toh-MES
Translations: of a cutting, of a cut, of an incision, of circumcision
Notes: This word refers to the act or result of cutting, such as a cut, an incision, or a section. In a broader sense, it can also refer to the act of circumcision. It is used to describe a division or separation made by cutting.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΚΟΠΗ, ΑΠΟΤΟΜΙΑ
G5348
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FTHAH-sen
Translations: he arrived, he reached, he came, he attained, he came upon, he anticipated
Notes: This word is a verb in the third person singular aorist active indicative form. It describes an action that was completed in the past, indicating that someone or something arrived at a destination, reached a point, or came upon something. It can also imply anticipating or getting ahead of someone.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΗΛΘΕΝ, ΕΦΘΑΣΕ
G5167
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: troo-GO-nos
Translations: turtledove, a turtledove
Notes: This word refers to a turtledove, a type of bird known for its distinctive cooing sound. It is often used in a literal sense to denote the bird itself, and sometimes metaphorically to represent peace or mourning.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The word ΤΡΥΓΟΝΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, imitating the cooing sound of the bird.
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-KOOS-thay
Translations: was heard, it was heard
Notes: This is a verb form indicating that something was heard. It is in the aorist tense, which describes a past action completed at a specific point in time, and in the passive voice, meaning the subject of the verb is the one being acted upon (i.e., it is being heard). It is typically used to describe an event where a sound, message, or prayer was received or perceived.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΕΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂kowh₂- 'to hear'.
G4808
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soo-KAY
Translations: fig tree, a fig tree
Notes: This word refers to a fig tree. It is commonly used in biblical texts to denote the tree itself, often in parables or descriptions of agricultural settings. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From a presumed root related to figs. It is an ancient Greek word for the fig tree.
G1627
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-AY-nen-ken
Translations: he brought out, he led out, he carried out, he produced, he put forth
Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'εκφερω' (ekphero), meaning 'to bring out,' 'to carry out,' or 'to lead out.' It describes an action of moving something or someone from an inside or concealed place to an outside or visible one, or producing something. It is a compound word formed from 'εκ' (out of) and 'φερω' (to bear, carry).
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΞΑΓΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ
G3647
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: oh-LYN-thooss
Translations: Olynthus, of Olynthus
Notes: Olynthus was an ancient Greek city located in Chalcidice, a peninsula in northern Greece. It was a significant city-state, known for its strategic location and its role in various conflicts, particularly with Macedon. The word 'ΟΛΥΝΘΟΥΣ' is the genitive singular form of 'ΟΛΥΝΘΟΣ', indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Olynthus' is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or related to the Greek word 'ολυνθος' (olynthos), meaning 'wild fig'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TEES
Translations: of her, of it, her, its
Notes: This word is a pronoun meaning 'of her' or 'of it', referring to a feminine noun or concept. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, similar to the English 'her' or 'its' when referring to a feminine antecedent. For example, 'the house of her' or 'her house'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral
Sounds like: AI
Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11
Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)
Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.
G0288
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: am-PEH-loy
Translations: vines, a vine
Notes: This word refers to a vine, specifically a grape-bearing plant. In the provided context, it is used in the plural form, 'vines,' indicating multiple grapevines. It is commonly used in agricultural and metaphorical senses in ancient texts.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΚΛΗΜΑ
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: koo-PREE-zoh-sin
Translations: to bloom, to blossom, to flourish, to sprout, to put forth shoots
Notes: This word describes the act of blooming, blossoming, or putting forth new shoots, especially in the context of plants. It signifies the process of growth and development, often associated with the spring season or the early stages of fruit bearing. It can be used to describe trees, vines, or other plants as they begin to flower or produce new growth.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΕΩ, ΒΛΑΣΤΑΝΩ, ΘΑΛΛΩ
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-doh-kahn
Translations: they gave, they did give, they granted, they delivered
Notes: This word is a verb in the past tense, specifically the aorist active indicative, meaning 'they gave' or 'they did give'. It describes an action of giving, granting, or delivering that was completed in the past by a group of people. It is often used to describe a straightforward act of bestowing something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΩΚΑΝ, ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΑΝ, ΑΠΕΔΩΚΑΝ
Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, indicating a continuous or repeated action in its present forms, though here it is in the aorist, which focuses on the completed action.
G3744
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: os-MEN
Translations: smell, odor, a smell, an odor, fragrance, a fragrance
Notes: This word refers to a smell or odor, often with a positive connotation, implying a pleasant fragrance. It can be used to describe the scent of something, whether good or bad, but frequently refers to a pleasing aroma, such as that of incense or a sacrifice.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΩΔΙΑ
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun meaning 'you' (singular). It is used when addressing a single person directly, typically as the subject of a sentence. It can also be used emphatically to highlight the person being addressed.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Second Person
Etymology: The word 'ΣΥ' is an ancient Greek pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been consistently used throughout various stages of the Greek language to refer to the second person singular.
G4632
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: skeh-PEH
Translations: shelter, a shelter, covering, a covering, protection, a protection
Notes: This word refers to a covering or shelter, providing protection from the elements or danger. It can be used to describe a physical structure that offers refuge, or more broadly, the act of providing protection or security. For example, one might seek shelter from a storm, or a leader might offer protection to their people.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΚΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΦΥΓΗ, ΑΣΦΑΛΕΙΑ
Etymology: From the verb σκέπω (skepō), meaning 'to cover' or 'to protect'.
G4073
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PEH-tras
Translations: of rock, of a rock, of stone, of a stone
Notes: This word refers to a large mass of stone, a rock, or a cliff. It is often used to describe a solid foundation or a place of refuge. In the genitive case, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of a rock' or 'from a rock'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΛΙΘΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΟΣ
G2192
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle
Sounds like: eh-KHO-meh-nah
Translations: next, following, adjacent, near, neighboring, holding, having, possessing, containing, possible, suitable, appropriate
Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the present middle/passive participle of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As an adjective, it describes things that are 'next to', 'following', or 'adjacent'. It can also refer to things that are 'possible' or 'suitable' in a given context, or things that are 'held' or 'contained'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΗΣ
G4387
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-ti-KHEES-mah-tos
Translations: of a rampart, of a bulwark, of a barricade, of a palisade, of a breastwork
Notes: This word refers to a defensive structure, such as a rampart, bulwark, or barricade. It denotes a protective barrier, often made of earth or wood, used in ancient warfare to defend a position or city. It is a compound word, formed from πρό (pro, 'before, in front of') and τείχισμα (teichisma, 'a wall, a fortification').
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑ
G1166
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DIX-on
Translations: show, point out, make known, exhibit, display, prove
Notes: This word is an aorist active imperative form of the verb 'deiknymi'. It means to show, point out, or make something known. It is often used as a command or instruction to reveal something or to present oneself.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G3700
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OP-sin
Translations: sight, appearance, face, a sight, an appearance
Notes: This word refers to the act of seeing, the faculty of sight, or the visible appearance of something. It can also denote the face or countenance of a person. It is often used to describe what is perceived visually or how something looks.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΘΕΑ
Etymology: The word ΟΨΙΣ is derived from the Greek verb ΟΡΑΩ (HORAO), meaning 'to see'. It refers to the act or result of seeing.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Personal Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: of you, your, yours
Notes: ΣΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the second-person personal pronoun 'you'. It indicates possession or relationship, similar to 'your' or 'of you' in English. It can be used to show that something belongs to the person being addressed, or to indicate the object of certain prepositions or verbs that take the genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, All genders
G191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-KOO-tee-son
Translations: hear, listen, obey, give heed, understand
Notes: This word is an aorist active imperative, second person singular form of the verb 'akouō'. It means 'hear!' or 'listen!' and is a direct command to a single person. It can also imply 'obey' or 'give heed to' in certain contexts, emphasizing not just the act of hearing but also the response to what is heard.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ
G5456
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foh-NAYN
Translations: voice, a voice, sound, a sound, report, a report
Notes: This word refers to a voice, sound, or report. It is often used to describe the sound produced by a living being, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal. It can also refer to a general sound or noise, or a message or report that is heard.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ, ΛΑΛΙΑ
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-goos
Translations: words, sayings, accounts, messages, statements, reports
Notes: This word is the plural accusative form of 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word' or 'reason'. In this form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb, indicating the 'words' or 'accounts' that are being acted upon. It can refer to spoken words, written accounts, or even divine pronouncements.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΑ, ΕΠΗ, ΜΥΘΟΙ
G2237
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hay-DEH-yah
Translations: sweet, pleasant, delightful, a sweet (thing), a pleasant (thing), a delightful (thing)
Notes: This word describes something that is sweet, pleasant, or delightful, appealing to the senses or the mind. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating a pleasing quality. For example, it could describe a pleasant sound, a sweet taste, or a delightful experience.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΕΥΦΡΑΝΤΟΣ
G3706
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OP-sis
Translations: sight, appearance, face, countenance, vision, a vision
Notes: This word refers to the act of seeing, the faculty of sight, or the physical appearance of something or someone. It can describe what is seen, such as a vision or a spectacle, or the outward aspect of a person or object, like their face or countenance. It is often used to describe the visible form or shape.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΘΕΑ
Etymology: From the verb ΟΡΑΩ (HORAO), meaning 'to see'. It refers to the act or result of seeing.
G5611
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oh-RAI-ah
Translations: beautiful, fair, lovely, seasonable, timely
Notes: This word describes something as beautiful, fair, or lovely. It can also refer to something that is timely or seasonable, meaning it occurs at the right time. It is used to describe qualities of appearance or appropriateness.
Inflection: Nominative Singular Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ
G3495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: neh-ah-NEE-ais
Translations: to young men, for young men, with young men, by young men
Notes: This word refers to young men or youths. It is used in the dative plural case, indicating the indirect object of an action or the means by which something is done, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'with', or 'by'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΕΟΙ, ΕΦΗΒΟΙ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TA-deh
Translations: these things, thus, as follows
Notes: ΤΑΔΕ is the neuter plural form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is often used to introduce a statement, a list of items, or direct speech, functioning like 'thus' or 'as follows'. For example, 'thus says the Lord'. It can refer to things that are about to be said or have just been mentioned.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ὅδε (hode) is formed from the demonstrative pronoun ὁ (ho, 'this, that') and the deictic particle -δε (-de), which emphasizes proximity or immediate reference.
G4084
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pee-AH-sah-teh
Translations: you caught, you seized, you took, catch!, seize!, take!
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to catch', 'to seize', or 'to take hold of'. It can be used in various contexts, such as catching fish, seizing a person, or taking possession of something. Depending on the context, it can function as an indicative verb (describing an action that happened) or an imperative verb (giving a command).
Inflection: Second Person Plural, Aorist Active, Indicative or Imperative
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
Etymology: The etymology of ΠΙΑΖΩ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the root *pi- meaning 'to press' or 'to squeeze'.
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G0263
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-loh-PEH-kas
Translations: foxes
Notes: This word refers to a fox, a cunning animal often associated with trickery or deceit in ancient literature. In its plural form, it refers to multiple foxes.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine
G3398
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: mee-KROOS
Translations: small, little, few, small ones, little ones
Notes: This word describes something as being small in size, quantity, or importance. It can refer to physical smallness, a small number of things, or a low degree of significance. It is used to modify nouns, indicating their diminutive nature.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΕΛΑΧΙΣΤΟΣ
G0008
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-fah-NEE-zon-tas
Translations: destroying, making unseen, causing to vanish, wasting away, corrupting
Notes: This word describes the action of causing something to disappear, to be destroyed, or to become invisible. It can refer to physical destruction, making something vanish, or metaphorically to corrupting or wasting away. It implies a process of making something cease to exist or be seen.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine/Neuter, Accusative Plural (or Nominative/Accusative Plural for Neuter), or Present Active Participle, Masculine/Feminine, Nominative Singular (colloquial usage)
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΕΞΑΛΕΙΦΩ
Etymology: From ancient Greek ἀφανής (aphanēs, "unseen, invisible"), which is formed from ἀ- (a-, "not") and φαίνω (phainō, "to show, appear"). Thus, it literally means "to make unseen."
G0290
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: am-peh-LOH-nas
Translations: vineyard, a vineyard
Notes: This word refers to a piece of land planted with grapevines, typically for the production of grapes for wine. It is commonly used in agricultural contexts to describe the place where grapes are cultivated.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From AMPELOS (vine) and a suffix indicating a place. It refers to a place where vines are grown.
G1698
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me, (by) me, (with) me
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the first-person pronoun 'I'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to me' or 'for me'. It can also express possession, advantage, or the agent in certain constructions, often translated as 'by me' or 'with me'. Its precise meaning depends on the context of the verb or preposition it accompanies.
Inflection: Dative, Singular, First Person
G2532, G1473
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun
Sounds like: kah-GOH
Translations: and I, I also, and also I
Notes: This word is a crasis (a contraction of two words into one) formed from the conjunction "καὶ" (kai, meaning "and" or "also") and the first-person singular pronoun "ἐγώ" (egō, meaning "I"). It therefore means "and I" or "I also." It is used to connect a statement about the speaker to a previous statement or context, often emphasizing the speaker's inclusion or participation.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ ΕΓΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.
G4165
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: poy-MAI-nohn
Translations: shepherding, tending, feeding, ruling, governing
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'to shepherd'. It describes the action of guiding, protecting, and providing for a flock, much like a shepherd cares for sheep. Metaphorically, it can refer to ruling or governing people, implying a role of leadership and care. It is used to describe someone who is actively engaged in the act of shepherding or leading.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΒΟΣΚΩΝ, ΝΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΒΕΡΝΩΝ
G2916
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KREE-noys
Translations: lilies, (in) lilies, (to) lilies
Notes: This word refers to lilies, a type of flower. In the provided context, it is used to indicate a location or state, often translated as 'in lilies' or 'among the lilies'. It is a plural form of the noun 'lily'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
G3756, G3757
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when
Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-ahp-NEF-see
Translations: breathing, a breathing, respiration, a pause, a rest
Notes: This word refers to the act of breathing or respiration. It can also denote a pause or a moment of rest, implying a cessation of activity, much like taking a breath. It is derived from the verb 'διαπνέω' which means 'to breathe through' or 'to breathe out'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΠΝΟΗ, ΠΝΟΗ
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-MEH-rah
Translations: day, a day, time, a time, period, a period
Notes: This word refers to a day, which can mean either a 24-hour period or the daylight portion of a day, as opposed to night. It can also be used more broadly to refer to a specific time, season, or period. It is commonly used to mark the passage of time or to refer to a particular point in time.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'warm' or 'hot', referring to the warmth of the day.
G2795
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kee-nay-THOH-sin
Translations: they may be moved, they may be stirred, they may be shaken
Notes: This word is a verb indicating the potential or hypothetical action of being moved, stirred, or shaken. It is used to describe a state where multiple subjects might undergo a change in position or a disturbance. It implies a passive action, meaning the subjects are acted upon rather than acting themselves.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΣΑΛΕΥΘΩΣΙΝ, ΤΑΡΑΧΘΩΣΙΝ
G4639
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: skee-AI
Translations: shadows, a shadow, the shadows
Notes: This word refers to a shadow, the dark area produced when light is blocked by an object. It can be used literally to describe physical shadows, or metaphorically to represent something insubstantial, fleeting, or a mere outline of reality. In the provided context, it refers to literal shadows moving as the day progresses.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΚΟΤΟΣ, ΣΚΟΤΙΑ
G654
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pos-TREP-son
Translations: turn away, turn back, avert, cause to return, restore, bring back
Notes: This word is an imperative verb, meaning 'turn away' or 'cause to return'. It is used to command someone to change direction, to avert something, or to bring something back. It can also imply a moral turning away from evil or a turning back to God.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΣΤΡΕΦΩ
G3666
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-moy-OH-thee-tee
Translations: be like, become like, be made like, be made to resemble
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be made like' or 'to resemble'. It is used to command someone to become similar to something or someone else. It implies a transformation or a comparison where one entity takes on the characteristics or appearance of another.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Imperative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΚΑΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΛΛΩ
Etymology: From ὅμοιος (homoios), meaning 'like, similar'. The verb means 'to make like' or 'to liken'.
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FEE-deh
Translations: little brother, little sister, dear brother, dear sister
Notes: This word is a diminutive form of 'ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ' (adelphos), meaning 'brother' or 'sister'. It is used as a term of endearment, similar to 'dear brother' or 'dear sister', or to refer to a younger sibling. It implies affection or a lesser status/age compared to a general 'brother' or 'sister'.
Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ, ΑΔΕΛΦΗ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G1393
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dor-KO-nee
Translations: to a gazelle, to a roe deer, to a deer
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΔΟΡΚΑΣ' (Dorkas), which refers to a gazelle or a roe deer. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. In the provided context, it compares someone to a gazelle or roe deer.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΝΕΒΡΩ, ΕΛΑΦΩ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: OH-lah-fon
Translations: Olaphon
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a name. In the provided context, it seems to be a variant or alternative name for 'νεβρῷ', which means 'fawn' or 'young deer'. It is not a standard Koine Greek word and might be a transliteration of a foreign name or a very rare variant.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: This word is likely a transliteration or a very rare proper noun, possibly of foreign origin, and its etymology is not clearly documented within standard Koine Greek lexicons.
G2848
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: koy-LOH-mah-TON
Translations: of hollows, of cavities, of depressions
Notes: This word refers to a hollow, a cavity, or a depression. It is used to describe an empty space or a concavity in a surface or object. In the provided context, it likely refers to mountainous hollows or valleys.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΟΙΛΟΤΗΣ, ΒΑΘΟΣ, ΣΠΗΛΑΙΟΝ
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