Ignatius’ Letter to the Trallians Chapter 0, Interlinear version from Ignatius of Antioch (Beta)

Ignatius’ Letter to the Trallians, Chapter 0

Interlinear version from Ignatius of Antioch (Beta)

0:1

ἸΓΝΑΤΙΟΣ
- IGNATIOS
- Ignatius
Ο
- O
- the
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΘΕΟΦΟΡΟΣ
- THEOPHOROS
- God-bearer
ἨΓΑΠΗΜΕΝΗ
- ĒGAPĒMENĒ
- beloved
ΘΕΩ
- THEŌ
- to-God
ΠΑΤΡΙ
- PATRI
- to-Father
ἸΗΣΟΥ
- IĒSOU
- of-Jesus
ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ
- CHRISTOU
- of-Anointed-One
ἘΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ
- EKKLĒSIA
- congregation
ΑΓΙΑ
- AGIA
- holy
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- to-the
ΟΥ̓ΣΗ
- OUSĒ
- being
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΤΡΑΛΛΕΣΙΝ
- TRALLESIN
- Tralles
ΤΗΣ
- TĒS
- of-the
ἈΣΙΑΣ
- ASIAS
- of-Asia
ἘΚΛΕΚΤΗ
- EKLEKTĒ
- chosen
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ἈΞΙΟΘΕΩ
- AXIOTHEŌ
- worthy-of-God
ΕἸΡΗΝΕΥΟΥΣΗ
- EIRĒNEUOUSĒ
- living-in-peace
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΣΑΡΚΙ
- SARKI
- flesh
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΠΝΕΥΜΑΤΙ
- PNEUMATI
- breath
ΤΩ
- TŌ
- to-the
ΠΑΘΕΙ
- PATHEI
- suffering
ἸΗΣΟΥ
- IĒSOU
- of-Jesus
ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ
- CHRISTOU
- of-Anointed-One
ΤΗΣ
- TĒS
- of-the
ἘΛΠΙΔΟΣ
- ELPIDOS
- of-hope
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- of-us
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- the
ΕἸΣ
- EIS
- into
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΝ
- AUTON
- him
ἈΝΑΣΤΑΣΕΙ
- ANASTASEI
- resurrection
ΗΝ
- ĒN
- which
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- also
ἈΣΠΑΖΟΜΑΙ
- ASPAZOMAI
- I-greet
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΤΩ
- TŌ
- the
ΠΛΗΡΩΜΑΤΙ
- PLĒRŌMATI
- fullness
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ἈΠΟΣΤΟΛΙΚΩ
- APOSTOLIKŌ
- apostolic
ΧΑΡΑΚΤΗΡΙ
- CHARAKTĒRI
- character
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΕΥ̓ΧΟΜΑΙ
- EUCHOMAI
- I-pray
ΠΛΕΙΣΤΑ
- PLEISTA
- very-much
ΧΑΙΡΕΙΝ
- CHAIREIN
- to-rejoice

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2532

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: theh-oh-FO-ros

Translations: God-bearer, bearing God, carried by God

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ΘΕΟΣ' (God) and 'ΦΕΡΩ' (to bear, carry). It can have two primary meanings: either 'one who carries God' (active sense, referring to someone who embodies or is filled with God's spirit) or 'one who is carried by God' (passive sense, referring to someone who is divinely inspired or protected). It was famously used as a title for Ignatius of Antioch.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The word is a compound of Ancient Greek 'θεός' (theos, 'god') and 'φέρω' (pherō, 'to bear, carry').

G5547

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khri-STOO

Translations: of Christ, of the Anointed One, of the Messiah

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It refers to the one chosen and consecrated by God, particularly Jesus. As a genitive case, 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ' indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It can be used to describe something that pertains to Christ or is from Christ.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ

G1577

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-ah

Translations: assembly, an assembly, church, a church, congregation, a congregation, (to) assembly, (to) church, (to) congregation

Notes: This word refers to a gathering or assembly of people, often called together for a specific purpose. In ancient Greek contexts, it could refer to a political assembly of citizens. In the New Testament, it primarily refers to the Christian church, either a local congregation or the universal body of believers. It can be used to describe both the physical gathering of people and the spiritual entity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative or Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb καλέω (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. Thus, it literally means 'a calling out' or 'those called out'.

G0040

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-GEE-ah

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy one, a holy thing

Notes: This word means 'holy' or 'sacred'. It is used to describe people, places, or things that are set apart for God or dedicated to religious purposes. It can also refer to a holy person or thing as a noun. It is the feminine singular form of the adjective 'ΑΓΙΟΣ' (hagios).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΓΙΑ' comes from the root 'ΑΓΙΟΣ', which is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which is set apart or consecrated.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1510

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: oo-SEE

Translations: being, of being, to being, of a being, to a being

Notes: ΟΥ̓ΣΗ is a form of the verb 'to be'. As a participle, it describes something that is 'being' or 'existing'. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself. In the provided examples, it often conveys the sense of 'there being' or 'the existence of' something, particularly in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Feminine, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΥΣΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΗ

G1722

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1588

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ek-LEK-tay

Translations: chosen, elect, choice, excellent, a chosen one, an elect one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that has been selected or chosen, often implying a special status or quality. It can refer to individuals or groups who are set apart for a particular purpose or are considered superior. It is frequently used in a theological context to refer to those chosen by God.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΚΛΟΓΗ, ΕΠΙΛΕΚΤΟΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ

Etymology: The root word ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ (eklektos) is derived from the verb ΕΚΛΕΓΩ (eklegō), meaning 'to pick out, choose'. It is formed from the prefix ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say, speak', but in this context, it relates to 'to gather, pick'.

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Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: ax-ee-OTH-eh-oh

Translations: worthy of God, God-worthy

Notes: This word is a compound word, likely formed from 'ἈΞΙΟΣ' (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving', and 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God'. The ending '-Ω' is unusual for an adjective or noun in this context and does not correspond to a standard inflection for 'worthy of God'. It is not a recognized word in standard Koine Greek lexicons. It might be a unique coinage, a misspelling, or a very rare form. If it were an adjective, it would typically be 'ἀξιόθεος' (axiothéos). If it were a verb, it would mean 'I deem worthy of God' or 'I make worthy of God', but this is highly speculative given the lack of attestation.

Inflection: Unknown

G4151

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah-tee

Translations: (to) spirit, (to) a spirit, (to) wind, (to) a wind, (to) breath, (to) a breath, (to) the Spirit, (to) Holy Spirit, (to) mind, (to) disposition

Notes: This word refers to spirit, wind, or breath. In a theological context, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. It can also denote a person's inner disposition or mind. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the spirit/wind/breath, or the instrument by which something is done, meaning 'by' or 'with' the spirit/wind/breath.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΑΝΕΜΟΣ

G3958

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-THEH-ee

Translations: to suffer, to experience, to undergo, to endure, to feel

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πάσχω' (pascho), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It indicates an action of suffering or undergoing something, without specifying the subject or tense, often used in conjunction with other verbs. It can refer to both positive and negative experiences, though it often carries the connotation of hardship or pain.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ

Etymology: The verb πάσχω (pascho) comes from an ancient Indo-European root related to feeling or experiencing. It is the root of many English words related to emotion and suffering, such as 'pathos' and 'sympathy'.

G1680

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: el-PEE-dos

Translations: of hope, of a hope

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'hope'. It refers to an expectation, a confident anticipation, or a trust in something. As a genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the object of an action, hence 'of hope' or 'belonging to hope'. It is commonly used to express the concept of having or lacking hope.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΙΣ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'Ἐλπίς' (elpis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to hope, to expect'. It is related to the verb 'ἐλπίζω' (elpizō), meaning 'to hope' or 'to expect'.

G1519

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G0782

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ahs-PAH-zoh-my

Translations: greet, salute, embrace, welcome

Notes: This verb means to greet, salute, or embrace someone. It is often used in the context of extending a welcome or showing respect. Although it has a middle/passive form, it is a deponent verb, meaning it has an active sense.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word comes from a root meaning 'to draw to oneself, to embrace'. It is related to the idea of drawing someone close in a gesture of greeting or affection.

G4138

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: play-ROH-mah-tee

Translations: (to) fullness, (to) completion, (to) fulfillment, (to) what fills, (to) a full complement

Notes: This word refers to the state of being full or complete, or the act of filling something. It can also denote that which fills or completes something, such as a full complement of people or things, or the fulfillment of a prophecy or time. In some contexts, it can refer to the divine fullness or the totality of God's attributes.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΩΣΙΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΣΙΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΣΙΣ

G5481

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kha-rak-TEE-ree

Translations: (to) character, (to) image, (to) exact representation, (to) impress, (to) mark, (to) stamp

Notes: This word refers to an exact reproduction or representation, like an impression made by a stamp or seal. It can also denote the distinctive mark or characteristic of something. In a sentence, it would indicate the recipient of an action related to character or an impression, or the means by which something is characterized.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΙΚΩΝ, ΤΥΠΟΣ, ΟΜΟΙΩΜΑ

G2172

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: YOO-kho-mai

Translations: pray, wish, vow, make a vow

Notes: This word means to pray, to wish, or to make a vow. It is often used in the context of addressing God or a deity, expressing a desire or a solemn promise. It is a deponent verb, meaning it has a middle or passive form but an active meaning.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present Tense, Middle/Passive Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From a primary verb, probably akin to the root of εὔχομαι (euchomai), meaning 'to speak out, to declare, to pray'.

G4183

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-stah

Translations: most, very many, very much, a most, the most

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As a superlative, it translates to 'most' or 'very many/much'. It is used to describe the greatest quantity or degree of something. For example, 'πλεῖστα χρήματα' would mean 'most money' or 'very much money'.

Inflection: Superlative, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΜΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΕΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'much' or 'many'.

G5463

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: khai-REIN

Translations: to rejoice, to be glad, to greet, hail

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. In ancient Greek letters and documents, it was commonly used as a formal greeting, similar to saying 'Greetings!' or 'Hail!' to the recipient, expressing well-wishing or good health. It can also simply mean 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad' in other contexts.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΙΡΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- 'to desire, to want'. It is related to words meaning 'joy' or 'gladness'.

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