Ignatius’ Letter to the Romans Chapter 6, Interlinear version from Ignatius of Antioch (Beta)

Ignatius’ Letter to the Romans, Chapter 6

Interlinear version from Ignatius of Antioch (Beta)

6:1

ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ
- OUDEN
- nothing
ΜΟΙ
- MOI
- to-me
ὨΦΕΛΗΣΕΙ
- ŌPHELĒSEI
- will-benefit
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ΠΕΡΑΤΑ
- PERATA
- ends
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΚΟΣΜΟΥ
- KOSMOU
- world
ΟΥ̓ΔΕ
- OUDE
- nor
ΑΙ
- AI
- the
ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑΙ
- BASILEIAI
- kingdoms
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΑἸΩΝΟΣ
- AIŌNOS
- age
ΤΟΥΤΟΥ
- TOUTOU
- this
ΚΑΛΟΝ
- KALON
- good
ΜΟΙ
- MOI
- to-me
ἈΠΟΘΑΝΕΙΝ
- APOTHANEIN
- to-die
ΕἸΣ
- EIS
- into
ΧΡΙΣΤΟΝ
- CHRISTON
- Anointed-One
ἸΗΣΟΥΝ
- IĒSOUN
- Jesus
Ἠ
- Ē
- or
ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΕΙΝ
- BASILEUEIN
- to-reign
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- of-the
ΠΕΡΑΤΩΝ
- PERATŌN
- ends
ΤΗΣ
- TĒS
- of-the
ΓΗΣ
- GĒS
- earth
ἘΚΕΙΝΟΝ
- EKEINON
- that-one
ΖΗΤΩ
- ZĒTŌ
- I-seek
ΤΟΝ
- TON
- the-one
ΥΠΕΡ
- YPER
- for
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- us
ἈΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΑ
- APOTHANONTA
- having-died
ἘΚΕΙΝΟΝ
- EKEINON
- that-one
ΘΕΛΩ
- THELŌ
- I-want
ΤΟΝ
- TON
- the-one
ΔΙ
- DI
- through
ΗΜΑΣ
- ĒMAS
- us
ἈΝΑΣΤΑΝΤΑ
- ANASTANTA
- having-risen
Ο
- O
- the
ΔΕ
- DE
- but
ΤΟΚΕΤΟΣ
- TOKETOS
- birth
ΜΟΙ
- MOI
- to-me
ἘΠΙΚΕΙΤΑΙ
- EPIKEITAI
- is-at-hand

6:2

ΣΥΓΓΝΩΤΕ
- SYGGNŌTE
- forgive
ΜΟΙ
- MOI
- me
ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ
- ADELPHOI
- brothers
ΜΗ
- MĒ
- not
ἘΜΠΟΔΙΣΗΕ
- EMPODISĒE
- hinder
ΜΟΙ
- MOI
- me
ΖΗΣΑΙ
- ZĒSAI
- to-live
ΜΗ
- MĒ
- not
ΘΕΛΗΣΗΤΕ
- THELĒSĒTE
- desire
ΜΕ
- ME
- me
ἈΠΟΘΑΝΕΙΝ
- APOTHANEIN
- to-die
ΤΟΝ
- TON
- the-one
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΘΕΟΥ
- THEOU
- God
ΘΕΛΟΝΤΑ
- THELONTA
- desiring
ΕἸΝΑΙ
- EINAI
- to-be
ΚΟΣΜΩ
- KOSMŌ
- to-the-world
ΜΗ
- MĒ
- not
ΧΑΡΙΣΗΣΘΕ
- CHARISĒSTHE
- grant
ΜΗΔΕ
- MĒDE
- nor
ΥΛΗ
- YLĒ
- matter
ἘΞΑΠΑΤΗΣΗΤΕ
- EXAPATĒSĒTE
- deceive
ἈΦΕΤΕ
- APHETE
- let
ΜΕ
- ME
- me
ΚΑΘΑΡΟΝ
- KATHARON
- pure
ΦΩΣ
- PHŌS
- light
ΛΑΒΕΙΝ
- LABEIN
- to-receive
ἘΚΕΙ
- EKEI
- there
ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ
- PARAGENOMENOS
- having-arrived
ἈΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ
- ANTHRŌPOS
- [a] human
ἘΣΟΜΑΙ
- ESOMAI
- I-will-be

6:3

ἘΠΙΤΡΕΨΑΤΕ
- EPITREPSATE
- allow
ΜΟΙ
- MOI
- to-me
ΜΙΜΗΤΗΝ
- MIMĒTĒN
- [an] imitator
ΕἸΝΑΙ
- EINAI
- to-be
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΠΑΘΟΥΣ
- PATHOUS
- suffering
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΘΕΟΥ
- THEOU
- God
ΜΟΥ
- MOU
- of-me
ΕἸ
- EI
- if
ΤΙΣ
- TIS
- anyone
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΝ
- AUTON
- him
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΕΑΥΤΩ
- EAUTŌ
- himself
ἘΧΕΙ
- ECHEI
- has
ΝΟΗΣΑΤΩ
- NOĒSATŌ
- let-him-understand
Ο
- O
- what
ΘΕΛΩ
- THELŌ
- I-want
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΣΥΜΠΑΘΕΙΤΩ
- SYMPATHEITŌ
- let-him-suffer-with
ΜΟΙ
- MOI
- to-me
ΕἸΔΩΣ
- EIDŌS
- knowing
ΤΑ
- TA
- the-things
ΣΥΝΕΧΟΝΤΑ
- SYNECHONTA
- holding-together
ΜΕ
- ME
- me

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G4009

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: peh-RAH-tah

Translations: ends, boundaries, limits, extremities

Notes: This word refers to the outermost points, boundaries, or limits of something. It is often used to describe the 'ends of the earth' or the 'ends of the heavens,' indicating the furthest reaches or extremities of a place or concept.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΡΙΑ, ΤΕΛΗ, ΕΣΧΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΕΡΑΣ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to pass through, to cross over.' It is related to words signifying passage or completion.

G3588, G3778

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2889

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-moo

Translations: (of) world, (of) universe, (of) adornment, (of) order, (of) a world, (of) an adornment

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' (kosmos). It refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean an adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In a sentence, it often indicates possession or origin, such as 'of the world' or 'belonging to the world'.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗΣ, ΑΙΩΝΟΣ, ΚΟΣΜΗΜΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' comes from the Greek verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to put in order'. From this, it developed the sense of an orderly arrangement, then an adornment, and finally the ordered universe or world.

G3761

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G1519

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G5547

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHRIS-ton

Translations: Christ, the Christ, Anointed One, the Anointed One

Notes: This word refers to the 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. In the New Testament, it is primarily used as a title for Jesus, signifying his role as the promised deliverer. It is often used with the definite article 'the' (the Christ) or as a proper name (Christ). As an accusative form, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

G2424

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Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOON

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, the Greek form of the Hebrew name 'Joshua'. It refers primarily to Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity. It can also refer to other individuals named Joshua in the Old Testament or other historical figures. In a sentence, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The Greek name ἸΗΣΟΥΣ (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'.

G2228, G3588

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G0936

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-oo-een

Translations: to reign, to rule, to be king, to be a king

Notes: This word means to reign, to rule, or to act as a king. As an infinitive, it often functions like an English 'to' verb, indicating purpose or result, such as 'to reign' or 'for ruling'. It describes the exercise of royal authority or sovereignty.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ (basileuō) comes from the noun ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ (basileus), meaning 'king'. It describes the action or state of being a king.

G4009

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: peh-RAH-tohn

Translations: of ends, of boundaries, of limits, of the uttermost parts, of the uttermost regions

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'πέρας' (peras), which means 'end', 'boundary', 'limit', or 'uttermost part'. As a genitive plural, 'περάτων' indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of the ends' or 'of the boundaries', referring to the extreme or furthest points of something, such as the earth or a region.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΟΡΙΟΝ, ΕΣΧΑΤΟΝ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the verb 'περάω' (peraō), meaning 'to pass through' or 'to cross over'. It refers to the point where something is crossed or completed.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1093

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G1565

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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-non

Translations: that (one), him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something distant in space or time, or something previously mentioned or understood from the context. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, meaning 'that one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'that [noun]'. In this form, it is used for a masculine singular object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ὉΔΕ

Etymology: The word ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ (ekeinos) is derived from the adverb ἐκεῖ (ekei), meaning 'there'. It refers to something 'over there' or 'that one there', indicating distance.

G2212

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ZAY-toh

Translations: seek, look for, search for, inquire, demand, desire, live, may he live, long live

Notes: This word is a verb with two primary meanings. In one sense, it means 'to seek,' 'to look for,' or 'to search for' something or someone, often implying an earnest effort to find or obtain. It can also mean 'to inquire' or 'to investigate.' In another distinct sense, often used in exclamations or blessings, it means 'to live' or 'may he/she/it live,' as in 'long live the king.' The context determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice; or Third Person Singular, Present Imperative, Active Voice (in the sense of 'may he live')

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΖΗΤΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of seeking or searching.

G5228

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G2309

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: THEH-loh

Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to will, to intend, to be willing

Notes: This verb expresses a desire, intention, or willingness to do something. It can be used to indicate a strong personal wish or a divine will. It often takes an infinitive to complete its meaning, indicating what is wished or willed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷhelh₁- (to want, wish). It is related to the English word 'will' (as in 'free will').

G1223

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G0450

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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-nah-STAN-tah

Translations: having stood up, having risen, having arisen, having raised, having been raised

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anistēmi', meaning 'to stand up' or 'to rise'. As an aorist active participle, it describes an action that has been completed in the past, performed by the subject. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of another action. For example, it could describe someone who has stood up and then done something else, or someone who has risen from the dead.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΩ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G1161

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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1945

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-KEE-tai

Translations: it lies upon, it is laid upon, it is imposed, it is pressing upon, it is urgent, it is at hand

Notes: This word describes something that is laid upon, rests upon, or is imposed on something else. It can also refer to something that is pressing, urgent, or imminent, such as a burden, a task, or a time. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it lies upon' or 'it is laid upon'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΕΙΤΑΙ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΚΕΙΜΑΙ

G0080

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOY

Translations: brothers, fellow believers, countrymen, kinsmen

Notes: This word refers to brothers, either by blood or in a broader sense, such as fellow countrymen, kinsmen, or members of the same community or faith. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is commonly used to address a group of male individuals who share a close bond or common origin.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ, ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΙ

G3361

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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1700

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-po-DEE-see-eh

Translations: hinder, impede, prevent, obstruct

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'empodizo', meaning to hinder, impede, or prevent. It is used to describe the act of putting obstacles in someone's way or making progress difficult. It can be used in contexts where one person or thing is stopping another from achieving a goal or moving forward.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΩ, ἘΜΦΡΑΤΤΩ, ἘΠΙΣΧΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ is a compound word derived from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and ΠΟΥΣ (pous), meaning 'foot'. The literal sense is 'to put the foot in' or 'to put a foot on', which evolved to mean 'to trip up' or 'to hinder'.

G2309

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: theh-LON-tah

Translations: wanting, willing, desiring, wishing, intending, choosing, a willing one, a desiring one

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to want' or 'to will'. It describes someone who is in the act of wanting, willing, or desiring something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, meaning 'the one who wants' or 'the one who wills'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

G2889

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOH-smoh

Translations: to the world, for the world, to an adornment, for an adornment, to an order, for an order

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'κόσμος' (kosmos). It refers to an orderly arrangement, an adornment, or the world itself, often implying the created universe or humanity. In its dative form, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the world, order, or adornment, depending on the context. It can also be used to indicate location or instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'κόσμος' (kosmos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to order, to adorn'. It originally referred to order or arrangement, particularly in military or governmental contexts, and later came to mean 'adornment' or 'decoration'. From there, it evolved to describe the ordered universe, and by extension, the world.

G5483

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kha-ri-SEH-stheh

Translations: you will grant, you will forgive, you will show favor, you will give freely

Notes: This word means to grant, forgive, show favor, or give freely. It is often used in the context of showing grace or kindness to someone, or of forgiving a debt or an offense. It can also mean to give something as a gift without expecting anything in return. In a sentence, it would describe an action of bestowing a favor or forgiveness upon someone.

Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΔΩΡΕΟΜΑΙ

G3366

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G5207

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HOO-lay

Translations: wood, a wood, forest, a forest, material, matter, a matter

Notes: This word refers to wood, timber, or a forest. It can also denote material in a broader sense, or even the 'matter' or 'substance' from which something is made. In philosophical contexts, it can refer to prime matter or the raw material of the universe. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΞΥΛΟΝ, ΥΛΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word 'hyle' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to 'wood' or 'forest'. It developed in Greek to encompass the broader meanings of 'material' or 'matter'.

G1818

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-ah-pah-TEE-seh-teh

Translations: deceive, mislead, beguile

Notes: This word means to deceive, mislead, or beguile someone. It implies leading someone astray from the truth, often through cunning or trickery. It is used to describe the act of causing someone to believe something that is not true, or to act in a way that is not in their best interest. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (out of, from) and 'ἀπατάω' (to deceive).

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive or Imperative

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΕΞΑΠΑΤΩ

G2513

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ka-tha-RON

Translations: clean, pure, innocent, a clean thing, a pure thing

Notes: This word describes something that is free from dirt, defilement, or moral impurity. It can refer to physical cleanliness, ritual purity, or moral blamelessness. It is often used to describe things that are unmixed or unadulterated. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating its state of purity or cleanliness.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΣ, ΑΜΙΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΜΩΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΘΑΡΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb καθαίρω (kathairō), meaning 'to cleanse' or 'to purify'.

G2983

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BANE

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.

G3854

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having come, having arrived, being present, having appeared

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραγίνομαι', meaning 'to come alongside', 'to arrive', or 'to be present'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of the main action, such as 'when he had come' or 'after arriving'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'παραγίνομαι' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'. Together, they convey the sense of 'coming alongside' or 'arriving'.

G0444

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poss

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person

Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.

G3804

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-THOOS

Translations: (of) suffering, (of) passion, (of) feeling, (of) emotion, (of) experience, (of) calamity

Notes: This word refers to a state of suffering, an intense emotion, or a strong feeling. It can also denote an experience or a calamity. It is often used in contexts describing physical or emotional pain, or strong desires and affections. In a sentence, it would typically follow a preposition or another noun that indicates possession or relation, such as 'the intensity of suffering' or 'the nature of passion'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΛΓΟΣ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΙΑ, ΠΟΝΟΣ

G1519, G1487, G1488

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G5101

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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G1722

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G1438

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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOH

Translations: (to) himself, (for) himself, (to) herself, (for) herself, (to) itself, (for) itself, (to) themselves, (for) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the clause. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject itself. It can be used for singular or plural subjects, and its specific meaning (himself, herself, itself, themselves) depends on the gender and number of the subject it refers to. In this dative form, it often conveys the sense of 'to' or 'for' the subject.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G2532

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G4834

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-pa-THEH-ee-toh

Translations: let him sympathize, let him suffer with, let him have compassion

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΠΑΘΕΩ (PATHEO), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. Therefore, it means 'to suffer with' someone, 'to feel with' them, or 'to have compassion' for them. It is used to express empathy or solidarity with another's feelings or experiences.

Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Active, Imperative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΔΥΝΑΩ, ΣΥΝΛΥΠΕΩ, ΣΥΝΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ

G1492

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ay-DOHS

Translations: knowing, one who knows, he who knows

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'to know'. It describes someone who is in a state of knowing or has knowledge. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who knows').

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ἘΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb οἶδα (oida) is an ancient Greek verb meaning 'to know'. It is a perfect tense form that functions as a present tense in meaning, indicating a state of knowing resulting from a past act of seeing or perceiving. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see, to know'.

G4912

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soon-EH-khon-tah

Translations: holding together, constraining, afflicting, pressing upon, being seized by, being distressed, being held, being confined

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'συνέχω' (synechō). It describes an ongoing action of holding together, constraining, or afflicting. It can be used to describe something that is pressing upon or seizing someone or something, often in a negative sense like distress or affliction. It can also refer to being held or confined.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΑ, ΘΛΙΒΟΝΤΑ

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