Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Pseudo-Baruch / The Greek Apocalypse of Baruch (3 Baruch) / Chapter 10The Greek Apocalypse of Baruch (3 Baruch), Chapter 10
Interlinear version from Pseudo-Baruch (Beta)
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3129
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: mah-THOHN
Translations: having learned, learning, when he learned, after learning
Notes: ΜΑΘΩΝ is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, meaning 'to learn' or 'to understand'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed before or at the same time as the main verb of the sentence. It often conveys the sense of 'having learned' or 'after learning' something, indicating a completed action that leads to or explains the subsequent event.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΓΝΟΥΣ, ΕΙΔΩΣ
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: pah-RAH
Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G0743
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-KHANG-geh-loo
Translations: of an archangel, of the archangel, of archangel
Notes: This word refers to a chief angel or a principal angel. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'ἄγγελος' (angelos), meaning 'messenger' or 'angel'. In biblical contexts, archangels are depicted as angels of high rank or authority, often associated with important divine messages or actions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek words ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and ἄγγελος (angelos), meaning 'messenger' or 'angel'. It refers to a chief or principal messenger.
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: lah-BOHN
Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ
G0071
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-GAH-gen
Translations: he led, he brought, he carried, he took, he went
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to lead,' 'to bring,' 'to carry,' or 'to take.' It is used to describe the action of guiding someone or something from one place to another, or simply moving oneself. It can also imply a journey or a course of action. In the provided examples, it describes someone being led or brought.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΓΩ
Etymology: The word ΑΓΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to lead' or 'to drive.' It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language.
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the first-person singular pronoun 'me' in the accusative case. It is used as the direct object of a verb or as the object of certain prepositions, indicating the recipient of an action or the object being affected.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΜΕ (me) derives from the ancient Greek first-person singular pronoun. Its form has remained largely consistent throughout various stages of the Greek language.
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G5154
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Numeral, Noun
Sounds like: TREE-ton
Translations: third, a third, the third part
Notes: This word refers to the ordinal number 'third' in a sequence or series. It can also function as a noun meaning 'a third part' or 'one-third' of something. It is used to indicate position, order, or a fractional amount.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
G3772
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oo-rah-NON
Translations: heaven, a heaven, sky, a sky
Notes: This word refers to the physical sky above the earth, or more commonly, to the dwelling place of God and the angels, often used in a theological sense. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΙΘΗΡ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ
G3708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EE-don
Translations: I saw, I beheld, I perceived
Notes: This is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to see' or 'to perceive'. It describes a completed action of seeing or perceiving that occurred in the past. It is often used to indicate a direct observation or a profound understanding.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΒΛΈΠΩ, ΘΕΆΟΜΑΙ, ΓΙΝΏΣΚΩ
G3976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PEH-dee-on
Translations: plain, a plain, field, a field, valley, a valley
Notes: This word refers to a flat, open area of land, such as a plain or a field. It can also denote a valley, particularly a broad, flat one. It is used in sentences to describe geographical features.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΡΟΣ, ΚΟΙΛΑΔΑ
Etymology: From the Greek word πέδον (pedon), meaning 'ground' or 'soil'. It is related to the idea of a flat surface.
G0573
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-PLOO-n
Translations: simple, single, sincere, sound, a simple thing
Notes: This word describes something as simple, single, or sincere. It can refer to something that is not complex, or to a person's character as being straightforward and without duplicity. In some contexts, it can also mean 'sound' or 'healthy', particularly when referring to the eye as 'sound' or 'healthy' in contrast to 'bad' or 'diseased'.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΚΕΡΑΙΟΣ, ΕΙΛΙΚΡΙΝΗΣ
Etymology: The word comes from the Greek prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'πλοος' (ploos), related to 'πλοκή' (plokē), meaning 'a folding' or 'a twist'. Thus, it literally means 'without folds' or 'unfolded', conveying the idea of simplicity or straightforwardness.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3319
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-soh
Translations: middle, midst, among, between, in the midst (of), (in the) middle (of), (among), (between)
Notes: This word refers to the middle or center of something. It is often used in a prepositional phrase, such as 'in the midst of' or 'among', indicating a position surrounded by others. It can also describe something that is intermediate or in between two points.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΝ, ΕΣΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G3041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LIM-nayne
Translations: lake, a lake, pond, a pond
Notes: This word refers to a body of standing water, typically a lake or a pond. It is used to describe natural or artificial collections of water that are larger than a pool but smaller than a sea. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to a lake.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΛΑΚΚΟΣ, ΚΟΛΥΜΒΗΘΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leymn-, meaning 'pool, lake'. It is related to other words referring to wet or marshy areas.
G5204
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hy-DAH-tohn
Translations: of water, waters
Notes: This word is a noun referring to water. It is used in the genitive plural case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of waters' or simply 'waters' when the context implies a quantity or source. It is a common term used to describe bodies of water, sources of water, or water in general.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-sahn
Translations: they were, were
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates an action or state that was ongoing or habitual in the past, referring to a plural subject. It functions similarly to 'were' in English, describing the state or existence of multiple entities in a past context.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G4128
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-thay
Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, a great number, abundance, an abundance
Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things, a multitude, or a crowd. It is often used to describe a large gathering of people, such as a crowd following Jesus or a large group of disciples. It can also refer to an abundance or fullness of something.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ
G3732
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: or-NEH-ohn
Translations: of birds
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ὄρνεον' (orneon), meaning 'bird'. It is used to indicate possession or origin, so it translates to 'of birds' or 'belonging to birds'. For example, one might speak of 'the food of birds' or 'the nests of birds'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΕΙΝΩΝ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pa-SON
Translations: of all, of every, of the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to describe a quantity or totality of something. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it indicates possession or origin for multiple feminine nouns.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΣΩΝ, ΟΛΩΝ
G1074
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: geh-neh-OHN
Translations: of generations, generations
Notes: This word refers to a generation, a period of time, or a race/kind of people. It is often used to denote a succession of people or a specific time frame. In its genitive plural form, it typically indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of generations' or 'belonging to generations'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΙΩΝ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ
G0243
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Part of Speech: Prefix
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: other, another, different, foreign
Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle, meaning "not" or "no." It is used to negate statements of fact or reality. It is a variant of οὐ (ou) and οὐκ (ouk), specifically used before words that begin with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u- (negative particle). It is related to other negative particles in various Indo-European languages.
G3664
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oh-MOY-ah
Translations: like, similar, resembling, a like thing, similar things
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'like', 'similar', or 'resembling'. It is used to describe something that shares characteristics with another thing, often followed by a dative case noun to indicate what it is similar to. For example, 'ΟΜΟΙΑ τῷ θεῷ' would mean 'like God'.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Neuter, Plural, Nominative/Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G1759
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: en-TOW-tha
Translations: here, there, in this place, in that place
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location, meaning 'here' or 'there'. It refers to a specific place or point in time, often emphasizing the immediate vicinity or the current situation. It can be used to mean 'at this point' or 'at that point' in a narrative.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ὩΔΕ, ἘΚΕΙ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂
Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ἐν' (en, 'in') and the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos, 'this'). It literally means 'in this very place'.
G3708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-DON
Translations: I saw, they saw, he saw, she saw, it saw
Notes: This is a form of the verb 'to see' or 'to perceive'. Specifically, it is an aorist indicative form, which describes an action that happened at a specific point in the past, without emphasizing its duration or completion. It can be used for various subjects, such as 'I saw', 'he/she/it saw', or 'they saw', depending on the context.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΕἸΔΟΝ
Etymology: The root verb 'ὁράω' (horaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to watch'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G1098
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: geh-RAH-non
Translations: crane, a crane
Notes: This word refers to a crane, a large, long-legged, and long-necked bird. It is used to describe the bird itself, often in contexts relating to nature or the animal kingdom.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gerh₂- 'to cry hoarsely', referring to the bird's cry. It is related to Latin grus and English 'crane'.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G1016
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: boh-AS
Translations: oxen, cattle
Notes: This word refers to bovine animals, such as oxen or cattle. It is used to denote a group of these animals, often in the context of livestock or possessions.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΤΗΝΗ
Etymology: The word comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for cattle in other Indo-European languages.
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: meh-ga-LOOS
Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great one, a large one, a mighty one
Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe something as great, large, or mighty. It can refer to physical size, importance, intensity, or power. It is the masculine plural accusative form of the adjective, meaning it would typically modify a masculine plural noun that is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: null
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEG-ah-lah
Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great thing, great things
Notes: This word describes something as great in size, importance, or intensity. It can refer to physical largeness, but also to significant or mighty deeds, or things of high value and importance. It is often used to emphasize the magnitude of something.
Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΕΙΟΣ
G5242
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: hoo-per-E-khon-tah
Translations: excelling, surpassing, preeminent, superior, a superior, those who excel, those who are superior
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ὑπερέχω' (hyperechō), meaning 'to hold above, to be superior, to excel'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is excelling or superior. It can refer to a person who holds a position of authority or preeminence, or to something that is of outstanding quality.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΔΙΑΦΕΡΟΝΤΑ, ΚΡΕΙΤΤΟΝΑ
G2889
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOH-smoh
Translations: to the world, for the world, to an adornment, for an adornment, to an order, for an order
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'κόσμος' (kosmos). It refers to an orderly arrangement, an adornment, or the world itself, often implying the created universe or humanity. In its dative form, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the world, order, or adornment, depending on the context. It can also be used to indicate location or instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'κόσμος' (kosmos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to order, to adorn'. It originally referred to order or arrangement, particularly in military or governmental contexts, and later came to mean 'adornment' or 'decoration'. From there, it evolved to describe the ordered universe, and by extension, the world.
G2065
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-roh-TAY-sa
Translations: I asked, I questioned, I inquired
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to ask' or 'to question'. It describes the action of seeking information or making a request. It is used when someone poses a question to another person or entity.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΠΥΝΘΆΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ἘΡΩΤΆΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to speak' or 'to ask'.
G0032
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ANG-ge-lon
Translations: angel, an angel, messenger, a messenger
Notes: This word refers to a messenger, one who brings a message or news. In a religious context, it often refers to a divine messenger, or an angel. It is used in sentences to indicate the direct object of an action, such as 'he sent the messenger' or 'he saw an angel'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tee
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. For example, it can mean 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or simply 'is' in a sentence.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with the English word 'is' and Latin 'est'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G3041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LIM-nay
Translations: lake, a lake, pond, a pond, marsh, a marsh
Notes: This word refers to a body of standing water, such as a lake, pond, or marsh. It is typically used to describe natural bodies of water, often large ones. For example, one might refer to a 'lake of water' or simply 'the lake'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΛΑΚΚΟΣ, ΕΛΟΣ
Etymology: This word is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to a body of standing water, such as a lake or marsh.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TEEN
Translations: her, it, herself
Notes: This is a third-person personal pronoun, specifically the feminine, singular, accusative form of 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It is used to refer to a feminine noun that is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. It can be translated as 'her' or 'it' (when referring to a feminine object), and sometimes reflexively as 'herself' or 'itself'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G4128
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-thoss
Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number
Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ
Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pen
Translations: he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is commonly used to introduce direct speech or to report what someone said.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G0032
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ANG-geh-los
Translations: angel, a angel, messenger, a messenger
Notes: This word refers to a messenger, envoy, or one who is sent to deliver a message. In a religious context, it commonly refers to a divine messenger or an angel. It is a masculine noun and is frequently used in the New Testament to describe both human and divine agents.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΞ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ
Etymology: From an assumed primary verb meaning 'to bring tidings'. It is related to the idea of sending or conveying a message.
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-KOO-son
Translations: hear, listen, obey, understand, give heed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. It is often used in the imperative form to command someone to pay attention or to obey. It can also imply understanding or giving heed to something said.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΕΝΩΤΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G0911
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-ROOKH
Translations: Baruch
Notes: This is a proper name, Baruch, which is of Hebrew origin meaning 'blessed'. It refers to a specific individual, most notably Baruch son of Neriah, who was the scribe and faithful companion of the prophet Jeremiah in the Old Testament. It is used to identify this person in a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: From Hebrew בָּרוּךְ (barukh), meaning 'blessed'.
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G4024
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-khon
Translations: containing, encompassing, surrounding, holding around, that which contains, that which encompasses, that which surrounds
Notes: ΠΕΡΙΕΧΟΝ is the present active participle of the verb περιέχω (periechō), meaning 'to contain', 'to encompass', or 'to surround'. It describes something that is in the process of containing or surrounding. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, referring to 'that which contains' or 'the surrounding thing'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΕΡΙΕΧΟΝ, ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΚΛΕΙΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G2298
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: thav-mas-TAH
Translations: wonderful, marvelous, amazing, wonderful things, marvelous things, amazing things
Notes: This word describes something that is wonderful, marvelous, or amazing, something that causes wonder or astonishment. It is often used to describe God's works or deeds, emphasizing their extraordinary and awe-inspiring nature. It can be used to describe events, actions, or qualities that are beyond ordinary expectation.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΚΤΙΚΟΣ, ΘΑΥΜΑΣΙΟΣ
G3757, G4007
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOH-per
Translations: wherever, just where, precisely where
Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from οὗ (where) and περ (indeed, very). It means 'wherever' or 'just where', emphasizing the exact location. It is used to indicate a specific place or point with added emphasis.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΟΥ, ΕΝΘΑ
Etymology: A compound word derived from the adverb οὗ (where) and the enclitic particle περ (indeed, very), which adds emphasis.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ER-khon-tai
Translations: they come, they are coming, they go, they are going
Notes: This word is a verb of motion, meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes the action of moving from one place to another, often implying arrival or departure. It is used to indicate that a group of people or things are in the process of moving or arriving.
Inflection: Third person plural, Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral
Sounds like: AI
Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11
Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)
Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.
G5590
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: psy-KHAH-ee
Translations: souls, lives, minds, hearts, a soul, a life, a mind, a heart
Notes: This word refers to the soul, life, or mind, often encompassing the inner person, including emotions, will, and intellect. It can denote the principle of life, the individual person, or the seat of feelings and thought. In a sentence, it might be used to speak of the 'souls of men' or 'their lives'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑΤΑ, ΖΩΑΙ
G1342
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: dee-KAH-ee-ohn
Translations: of the righteous, of the just, of the upright
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. In this form, it is the genitive plural, meaning 'of the righteous ones' or 'of the just people'. It is used to describe a quality of a group of people, indicating that something belongs to them or is associated with them.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ
G3752
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-tan
Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that
Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).
G3656
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ho-mi-LOH-see
Translations: they speak with, they converse, they associate with, they commune with
Notes: This word describes the act of speaking with someone, engaging in conversation, or associating with a group of people. It implies a close interaction or fellowship. It can be used to describe people talking together or spending time in each other's company.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative or Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ
G4820
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: soon-dee-ah-GOH-n-tes
Translations: going through with, passing through with, living with, associating with
Notes: This word is a compound participle formed from the prefix σύν (together with), διά (through), and the verb ἄγω (to lead, to go). It describes the action of going through something together with someone or something else, or living/associating with others. It implies a shared experience or journey.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΔΕΥΟΝΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ
Etymology: The verb ΣΥΝΔΙΑΓΩ is a compound of the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with, together') and the verb διάγω (diagō, meaning 'to lead through, to pass time, to live'). Διάγω itself is a compound of διά (dia, meaning 'through, across') and ἄγω (agō, meaning 'to lead, to bring, to go').
G5525
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHO-roy
Translations: dances, dancing, choirs, companies, a dance, a choir, a company
Notes: This word refers to a dance or a company of dancers, often in a circular formation. It can also refer to a choir or a group of people performing together, especially in a celebratory or religious context. In the provided examples, it is used in the context of dancing and celebratory gatherings.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΟΡΕΙΑ, ΚΥΚΛΟΣ, ΣΥΝΟΔΙΑ
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G5204
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OO-dor
Translations: water, a water
Notes: This word refers to water, the essential liquid substance. It can be used to denote drinking water, a body of water like a river or sea, or even metaphorically in a spiritual sense. It is a common noun used in various contexts where water is present or implied.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for water in many other Indo-European languages.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G3754
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-per
Translations: the very thing which, which, whatsoever, as, just as
Notes: ΟΠΕΡ is an intensive relative pronoun, meaning 'the very thing which' or 'whatsoever'. It is used to emphasize the preceding noun or idea, often functioning as a stronger form of 'which' or 'what'. It can introduce a clause that specifies or elaborates on something already mentioned, or it can indicate a cause or reason.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: Ο, ΟΣ, ΟΣΠΕΡ
Etymology: ΟΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'who, which, what', and the enclitic particle περ (per), which adds emphasis or intensity, often translated as 'just, even, indeed'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G3507
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NEH-fee
Translations: clouds, the clouds
Notes: This word refers to clouds, the visible mass of water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere. It is typically used in the plural form to describe multiple clouds in the sky.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to words meaning 'to cover' or 'to be dark'.
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: lam-BAH-non-tah
Translations: taking, receiving, seizing, getting, obtaining, accepting, grasping, laying hold of, one who takes, those who take
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'taking' or 'receiving'. It describes an ongoing action of taking or receiving something. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, referring to 'the one who takes' or 'those who take'. It is often used in contexts of acquiring, accepting, or grasping something, whether literally or figuratively.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΛΑΒΟΝΤΕΣ, ΔΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ
G0983
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: BREH-khoo-sin
Translations: they rain, they wet, they pour, they cause to rain
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to rain,' 'to wet,' or 'to pour.' It is often used to describe the action of water falling from the sky, as in rain, or to describe the act of making something wet. In this form, it indicates that 'they' (a plural subject) are performing the action of raining or wetting.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΥΕΤΙΖΩ, ΟΜΒΡΙΖΩ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G1093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GAYS
Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region
Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').
G0837
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: owk-SAH-noo-sin
Translations: they grow, they increase, they multiply
Notes: This word describes the act of growing, increasing, or multiplying. It can refer to physical growth, an increase in number or size, or the development of something. It is used to describe how things become larger or more numerous.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΥΝΩ, ΑΥΞΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G2590
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-POY
Translations: fruits, produce, crops, results, deeds, works
Notes: This word refers to the literal fruit of plants, trees, or the earth, such as crops or produce. Metaphorically, it can also refer to the results or outcomes of actions, whether good or bad, often translated as 'deeds' or 'works'. It is used in a variety of contexts to describe both physical and spiritual yields.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑ, ΓΕΝΝΗΜΑΤΑ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑΤΑ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΡΠΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has been used since ancient times to refer to the fruit of plants and, by extension, the outcome of actions.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pon
Translations: I said, I spoke, he said, he spoke, they said, they spoke, to say, to speak
Notes: ΕἸΠΟΝ is an aorist form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used as the aorist tense of the verb λέγω (legō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I said', 'he said', or 'they said' depending on the context and the implied subject, as the form itself is ambiguous regarding person and number (it can be 1st singular, 3rd singular, or 3rd plural). It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G3825
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAH-lin
Translations: again, back, anew, once more, on the other hand, moreover, in turn
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'back'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a contrasting idea, similar to 'on the other hand' or 'moreover'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΥΘΙΣ, ΕΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (to turn, revolve). It refers to a turning back or repetition.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master
Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.
G3732
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OR-neh-ah
Translations: birds, fowls
Notes: This word refers to birds or fowls in general. It is a plural noun and can be used to describe any type of winged creature, often in a collective sense.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΕΙΝΑ, ΠΤΗΝΑ
Etymology: The word ὄρνεον (orneon) is a diminutive of ὄρνις (ornis), meaning 'bird'.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TAH
Translations: them, these things, it, the same
Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun/adjective 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ' (autos). In this form, it functions as a neuter plural pronoun, meaning 'them' or 'these things', referring to inanimate objects or concepts. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'the same'. It typically serves as the subject or direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΙΝΑ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-sin
Translations: are
Notes: This word is the third person plural form of the verb 'to be'. It means 'they are' or 'there are'. It is used to describe the state or existence of multiple subjects, similar to how 'are' is used in English. For example, 'The men are here' or 'There are many books'.
Inflection: Third person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΥΣΙΝ, ΓΙΝΟΝΤΑΙ
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix
Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)
Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-
Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).
Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.
Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: dee-ah-PAN-toss
Translations: always, continually, at all times, forever
Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from the preposition διά (dia, 'through') and the genitive singular of πᾶς (pas, 'all, every'). It means 'through all time' or 'at all times', thus conveying the sense of 'always' or 'continually'. It is used to describe an action or state that is constant or perpetual.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΕΙ, ΣΥΝΕΧΩΣ, ΔΙΗΝΕΚΩΣ
G05215
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-noom-NOO-see
Translations: they praise, they sing praises to, they hymn
Notes: This word means to praise or sing hymns to someone, typically God. It describes the act of offering worship or adoration through song. It is used to indicate that a group of people or beings are performing this action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ὙΜΝΕΩ, ΑἸΝΕΩ, ΔΟΞΑΖΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and ὑμνέω (hymneō), meaning 'to hymn' or 'to sing praises'. It literally means 'to hymn up' or 'to praise up'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-on
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner
Notes: This word means 'Lord,' 'master,' or 'owner.' It is frequently used in ancient Greek texts, including the New Testament, to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or to a human master or owner. As an accusative singular form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, indicating 'the Lord' or 'a Lord' as the recipient of an action.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-eh
Translations: Lord, O Lord, Master, Sir
Notes: This word is the vocative singular form of the noun ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (KYRIOS), meaning 'Lord,' 'Master,' or 'Sir.' It is used for direct address, similar to saying 'O Lord' or 'My Lord' in English. It is commonly used when speaking directly to God, a respected authority figure, or a master.
Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G4459
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: POHS
Translations: how, in what way, by what means, that, in order that
Notes: ΠΩΣ is an adverb used to inquire about the manner or means by which something occurs, translating to "how" or "in what way." It can introduce direct or indirect questions. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning "that" or "in order that," especially when expressing purpose or result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative and interrogative pronominal stems.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: leh-GOO-sin
Translations: they say, they speak, they tell
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they say,' 'they speak,' or 'they tell.' It is used to describe the action of multiple people communicating verbally. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'they say that...' or 'they speak to them.'
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-throh-poy
Translations: people, men, humans
Notes: This word refers to human beings in general, encompassing both men and women. It is the plural form of 'ἈΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ' (anthropos), meaning 'man' or 'human'. It is used to denote a group of individuals belonging to the human race.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΒΡΟΤΟΙ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G2281
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tha-LAS-sees
Translations: of the sea, of a sea
Notes: This word refers to a large body of salt water, such as an ocean or a sea. It is often used to describe the physical body of water, but can also be used metaphorically to represent vastness, chaos, or the Gentile world in some contexts. It is typically used in a possessive sense, indicating something belonging to or related to the sea.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΛΑΓΟΣ, ΩΚΕΑΝΟΣ
G0991
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: BREH-khei
Translations: it rains, rains, to rain, to wet, to moisten, to wash
Notes: This word is a verb that primarily means 'to rain'. It is often used impersonally, referring to the act of rain falling. It can also mean 'to wet' or 'to moisten' something, and in some contexts, 'to wash'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΥΕΤΙΖΩ, ΟΜΒΡΙΖΩ
G0969
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: VREH-khon
Translations: raining, to rain, to wet, to moisten
Notes: This word is the present active participle, neuter nominative/accusative singular of the verb 'βρέχω'. It describes the action of raining or wetting something. It can be used to refer to the act of precipitation or to the act of making something wet.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular
Synonyms: ΥΕΤΟΣ, ΟΜΒΡΟΣ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G2590
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-POOS
Translations: fruit, fruits, produce, crop, reward, results, offspring, a fruit, a crop
Notes: This word refers to the literal fruit of plants, produce, or crops. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the results or consequences of actions, whether good or bad, or even offspring. In the provided examples, it is used to refer to the produce of the land and the results of one's actions.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Accusative
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΜΑ, ΟΠΩΡΑ, ΕΚΒΑΣΙΣ
G1754
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: en-er-GOON
Translations: working, active, effective, operating, performing, bringing about
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἘΝΕΡΓΕΩ' (energeō), meaning 'to be at work' or 'to be effective'. As a participle, it describes something that is currently performing an action or is in a state of activity. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or verbally, indicating an ongoing action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΟΥΝ, ΔΡΩΝ, ΠΡΑΤΤΟΝ
Etymology: The word ἘΝΕΡΓΕΩ (energeō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in', and the root ΕΡΓΟΝ (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. Thus, it literally means 'to be in work' or 'to be at work'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-too
Translations: of this, of him, of it
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun 'this' or 'he/she/it'. It indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of this' or 'of him/it', and is used to point out something specific that has already been mentioned or is understood from context.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: IS-thee
Translations: be, be thou
Notes: This word is the second person singular present active imperative form of the verb 'to be'. It functions as a command or instruction, meaning 'be' or 'be thou'. It is used to tell someone to exist in a certain state or to become something.
Inflection: Second person, Singular, Present, Active, Imperative
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G3062
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: loy-POO
Translations: of the rest, of the remainder, of the others, finally, for the rest, henceforth, from now on, moreover, then, now, what remains
Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the adjective 'λοιπός' (loipos), meaning 'remaining' or 'the rest'. When used as an adjective, it refers to 'of the rest' or 'of the others'. It is very commonly used adverbially, meaning 'finally', 'for the rest', 'henceforth', or 'moreover', indicating a transition or conclusion in discourse. It can also introduce a new point or summarize what has been said.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'λοιπός' (loipos) comes from the verb 'λείπω' (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-geh-tai
Translations: it is said, it is spoken, it is told, he is said, she is said, it is called
Notes: This word is the third person singular, present indicative, passive form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. Therefore, 'λέγεται' translates to 'it is said' or 'it is spoken'. It indicates that something is being stated or reported by an unspecified agent, or that someone/something is being referred to or called by a certain name.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕΡΩ
G1775
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DRO-sos
Translations: dew, a dew
Notes: This word refers to dew, the moisture that condenses on surfaces during the night. It is often used metaphorically in ancient texts to describe something refreshing, life-giving, or transient, similar to how dew appears and then evaporates.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *dros- (to sprinkle, to moisten).
G3772
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oo-rah-NOO
Translations: of heaven, of sky, of the heaven, of the sky
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΟΥ̓ΡΑΝΟΣ' (ouranos), meaning 'heaven' or 'sky'. In the genitive case, it typically indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of heaven' or 'from heaven'. It is commonly used in religious and philosophical texts to refer to the celestial realm, the dwelling place of God, or simply the visible sky above.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
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