Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint / Judges / Chapter 10
Judges, Chapter 10
Interlinear version from Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint (Beta)
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G0450
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nes-TAY
Translations: arose, stood up, rose up, got up
Notes: This word means 'he/she/it arose' or 'he/she/it stood up'. It describes the action of rising from a sitting or lying position, or standing up. It can also refer to rising from the dead, or simply beginning an action or journey.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΩ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G0004
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-bee-MEH-lekh
Translations: Abimelech
Notes: Abimelech is a proper noun, referring to a personal name. It was the name of several Philistine kings mentioned in the Old Testament, and it may have also functioned as a royal title, similar to 'Pharaoh' for Egyptian kings. The name is a compound word, meaning 'my father is king' or 'father of a king'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name Abimelech is of Hebrew origin, derived from the words 'אב' (av), meaning 'father', and 'מלך' (melech), meaning 'king'. It literally translates to 'my father is king' or 'father of a king'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G4982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: SOH-sai
Translations: to save, to deliver, to preserve, to heal
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'to save'. It expresses the purpose or result of an action, often translated as 'to save' or 'in order to save'. It can refer to physical salvation, deliverance from danger, preservation of life, or spiritual salvation.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2474
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: Iss-rah-AYL
Translations: Israel
Notes: This word refers to Israel, which can denote the patriarch Jacob (who was renamed Israel), the nation descended from him, or the land occupied by that nation. It is used to refer to the people of God, the twelve tribes, or the northern kingdom of Israel as distinct from Judah. It is often used in contexts referring to the history, covenant, and identity of God's chosen people.
Inflection: Indeclinable
Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'. It was the new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:28).
G2366
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: THOH-lah
Translations: Tola
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Tola, a name of a man in the Old Testament. He was one of the minor judges of Israel, from the tribe of Issachar, and also the name of a son of Issachar.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: From Hebrew Tôlâ' (H8439), meaning 'worm' or 'scarlet stuff'.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HUI-os
Translations: son, a son
Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ
Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.
G5393
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: PHOO-ah
Translations: Phuah, Pua, Puah
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to a person's name. It appears in the Old Testament as the name of several individuals, including a son of Issachar, a king of Assyria (often identified with Tiglath-Pileser III, also known as Pul), and a father of Tola. It is used to identify specific individuals within a narrative.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Dative
Etymology: The name Φουά (Phuah) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name פּוּאָה (Pu'ah). Its meaning is uncertain, but it may relate to 'mouth' or 'splendid'.
G3965
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-tra-DEL-foo
Translations: of an uncle, of a father's brother
Notes: This word refers to a father's brother, or an uncle. It is a compound word formed from 'πατήρ' (father) and 'ἀδελφός' (brother). It is used to indicate a familial relationship, specifically the brother of one's father.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek words πατήρ (patēr), meaning 'father', and ἀδελφός (adelphos), meaning 'brother'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-NEER
Translations: man, a man, husband, a husband
Notes: This word refers to a male human being, often specifically an adult male. It can also be used to denote a husband in relation to his wife. It is used in sentences to identify a male individual or a spouse.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, ΑΝΔΡΑΣ
Etymology: This word comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a 'man' or 'human being'. It is related to words for 'man' in various Indo-European languages.
G2465
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: iss-SAKH-ar
Translations: Issachar
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Issachar, the fifth son of Jacob and Leah, and the name of one of the twelve tribes of Israel. It is used to identify the individual or the tribe.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew יִשָּׂשכָר (Yissakhar), meaning 'there is recompense' or 'man of hire'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOS
Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very
Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.
G3611
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OH-kee
Translations: he was dwelling, she was dwelling, it was dwelling, he was living, she was living, it was living, he was inhabiting, she was inhabiting, it was inhabiting
Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'οἰκέω' (oikeō). It describes an ongoing action in the past, meaning 'he/she/it was dwelling,' 'was living,' or 'was inhabiting.' It is used to indicate that someone or something resided in a particular place over a period of time.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΟΙΚΕΩ, ΕΝΟΙΚΕΩ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G4548
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sah-MEIR
Translations: Sameir, Shamir
Notes: Sameir is a proper noun, specifically a geographical name. It refers to a town in the hill country of Judah, mentioned in the Old Testament. It is a transliteration of a Hebrew place name.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Hebrew word שָׁמִיר (Shamir), which means 'thorn' or 'brier'. It is used to refer to a specific place.
G3735
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OH-rei
Translations: (to) a mountain, (on) a mountain, (in) a mountain, a mountain, mountain
Notes: This word refers to a mountain or a hill. As a dative case, it often indicates location, meaning 'in' or 'on' a mountain, or direction, meaning 'to' a mountain. It is a common term used to describe geographical features.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
G2181
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: EF-ra-im
Translations: Ephraim
Notes: Ephraim refers to a significant figure, tribe, and territory in ancient Israel. It was the name of the younger son of Joseph and the grandson of Jacob, whose descendants formed one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The name 'Ephraim' also came to represent the northern kingdom of Israel, particularly after the division of the kingdom, due to the tribe's prominence and influence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name 'Ephraim' is of Hebrew origin, from the verb 'parah' (פָּרָה), meaning 'to be fruitful' or 'to bear fruit'. It signifies 'fruitful' or 'doubly fruitful'.
G2919
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-KREE-nen
Translations: he judged, he decided, he determined, he condemned, he ruled
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to judge,' 'to decide,' 'to determine,' 'to condemn,' or 'to rule.' It describes an action of making a judgment or decision, often with authority or finality. It is used to indicate that someone has made a definitive choice or rendered a verdict.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: From an assumed root meaning 'to separate, put asunder.'
G1501
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: EYE-koh-see
Translations: twenty
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'twenty'. It is used to indicate a quantity of twenty units and is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change based on gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *wikm̥ti, meaning 'twenty'. It is related to Latin viginti and Sanskrit viṃśati.
G5140
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: TREE-ah
Translations: three
Notes: This word is a numeral meaning 'three'. It is used to indicate a quantity of three of something. In Koine Greek, numbers often inflect for gender, case, and number, and 'τρία' is the neuter plural form of the number three, used for neuter nouns in the nominative or accusative case.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'three'.
G2094
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-tee
Translations: years
Notes: This word refers to a period of twelve months, commonly known as a year. It is used in the plural form to denote multiple years, often in contexts describing duration or age.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΙ, ΚΑΙΡΟΙ
G0599
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-THA-nen
Translations: he died, she died, it died
Notes: This word means 'he died', 'she died', or 'it died'. It is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'to die'. It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, "from, away from") and θνῄσκω (thnēiskō, "to die"). The prefix ἀπό intensifies the meaning of the verb, emphasizing the finality of death.
G2290
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-TAH-fee
Translations: was buried, he was buried, she was buried, it was buried
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be buried'. It is used to describe the action of someone or something being interred or laid to rest, typically in a grave. It is the aorist passive form of the verb 'to bury'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΑΦΙΑΖΩ, ΚΗΔΕΥΩ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to
Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G2421
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: Yah-EER
Translations: Jair, Jairus
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to a male personal name. It is the Greek transliteration of the Hebrew name Yair, meaning 'he enlightens' or 'he gives light'. It appears in the Bible referring to several individuals, including a judge of Israel and the father of the synagogue ruler whose daughter Jesus raised from the dead.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: From Hebrew יָאִיר (Yair), meaning 'he enlightens' or 'he gives light'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G1052
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: GAL-ah-ahd
Translations: Gilead
Notes: Gilead is a geographical region in ancient Palestine, located east of the Jordan River. It is frequently mentioned in the Old Testament as a mountainous and fertile area, known for its balm and pastures. It was inhabited by various tribes of Israel.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The name Gilead is of Hebrew origin, from the word גִּלְעָד (Gil'ad), meaning 'heap of witness' or 'mound of testimony'. It is associated with the heap of stones set up by Jacob and Laban as a covenant witness.
G1417
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: DEE-oh
Translations: two
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'two'. It is used to indicate a quantity of two of something. It is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'two'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-sahn
Translations: they were, were
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates an action or state that was ongoing or habitual in the past, referring to a plural subject. It functions similarly to 'were' in English, describing the state or existence of multiple entities in a past context.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G5144
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: tree-AH-kon-tah
Translations: thirty
Notes: This word means 'thirty' and is used to denote the number 30. It functions as an indeclinable numeral, meaning its form does not change regardless of the gender, case, or number of the noun it modifies. It is typically used to quantify nouns, indicating a quantity of thirty units.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From τρεῖς (treis, “three”) and a suffix related to -κοντα (-konta, “-ty”), indicating multiples of ten. It is cognate with Latin triginta and English thirty.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-OY
Translations: sons, children
Notes: This word refers to male offspring, or more broadly, to descendants or followers. It is the plural form of 'son' and is commonly used to denote a group of male individuals related by birth or by a shared characteristic, such as 'sons of Israel' or 'sons of God'. It can also be used metaphorically.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ
G1911
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-BAH-ee-non-tes
Translations: getting on, mounting, embarking, stepping on, treading on, going upon, entering, going into, setting foot on
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. It generally means to step or go upon something, to mount, or to embark. It can refer to mounting an animal, stepping onto a ship, or entering a place.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The verb ἐπιβαίνω (epibainō) is a compound of the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon, on, over', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go, to step'.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G4454
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-loos
Translations: colts, foals, young animals
Notes: This word refers to young animals, specifically a colt or foal, but can also refer to a young animal in general. It is used in the plural form here, indicating multiple young animals. In the provided examples, it refers to multiple colts or young donkeys that people are riding.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΝΟΣ, ΙΠΠΟΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PO-leess
Translations: cities, a city
Notes: This word refers to a city or a town. It is used to describe a populated area with buildings and infrastructure, often with a distinct political or administrative structure. In the provided context, it refers to multiple cities, specifically 'fortified cities'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΣΤΥ, ΚΩΜΗ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G2564
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-KAH-loon
Translations: they were calling, they called, they used to call, they were inviting, they invited, they used to invite
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to call' or 'to invite'. It is in the imperfect tense, indicating an action that was ongoing, repeated, or habitual in the past. It describes what 'they' (a group of people) were doing or used to do.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΦΩΝΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OW-tas
Translations: them, themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun meaning 'them' or 'themselves'. It is used to refer to a group of feminine nouns or persons in the accusative case, indicating that they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can function as a simple pronoun or as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the subjects themselves.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΦΑΣ, ΣΦΕΑΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek pronoun that has been in use since classical times, referring to 'self' or 'same', and developing into a general third-person pronoun.
G1886
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-OW-leess
Translations: farm, a farm, farms, dwelling, a dwelling, dwellings, village, a village, villages, hamlet, a hamlet, hamlets, fold, a fold, folds, sheepfold, a sheepfold, sheepfolds
Notes: This word refers to a dwelling, a farm, a village, or a fold for animals, especially sheep. It can describe a rural settlement or a place where livestock are kept. It is often used in the plural to refer to multiple such places.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΩΜΗ, ΑΓΡΟΣ, ΜΑΝΔΡΑ
G2193
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: EH-ohs
Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HEM-eh-ras
Translations: day, a day, of day, of a day, days
Notes: The word refers to a day, a period of 24 hours, or the daylight portion of a day. It is a feminine noun and can be used in various grammatical cases to indicate different relationships in a sentence. For example, it can denote a duration of time (e.g., 'three days') or a point in time (e.g., 'on that day').
Inflection: Feminine, Genitive Singular or Accusative Plural
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TOW-tays
Translations: of this, of that
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. As a genitive feminine singular form, it indicates possession or origin, referring to a feminine noun that is either physically near or has been previously mentioned in the discourse. It functions similarly to 'of this' or 'of that' in English, specifying a particular item or concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΗΣ, ΤΗΣΔΕ
G1093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GAY
Translations: earth, land, ground, country, a land, the earth
Notes: This word refers to the physical ground, the planet Earth, or a specific territory or country. It is often used to distinguish land from the sea or sky, or to denote a particular region or nation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΑΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It refers to the earth as a flat, solid surface, distinct from the heavens or the sea.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: RAHM-non
Translations: Ramnon
Notes: This word refers to a place name, Ramnon. It is used here in the dative case, typically indicating location or direction, often translated with prepositions like 'in' or 'at'. It appears to be a transliteration of a Hebrew place name.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G4369
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-ETH-en-toh
Translations: they added, they put to, they continued, they did again
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to add to,' 'to put to,' or 'to continue.' It can also imply doing something again or further. It is often used to describe an action that is repeated or an increase in quantity or intensity. For example, it might be used to say 'they added more people' or 'they continued to sin.'
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΝΤΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-AY-sah-ee
Translations: to make, to do, to create, to perform, to produce, to bring about
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'to make' or 'to do'. It expresses the action of making, doing, creating, or performing something. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often used after other verbs or prepositions to indicate purpose or result.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: po-nee-RON
Translations: evil, wicked, bad, harmful, a wicked thing, an evil thing
Notes: This word describes something as evil, wicked, or bad. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun, or it can function as a noun itself, referring to an evil or wicked thing. It often implies something that is morally corrupt, harmful, or causing distress.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΝΟΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word comes from the Greek word πόνος (ponos), meaning 'toil, labor, distress, pain', suggesting something that causes pain or is the result of painful effort, thus leading to the meaning of 'evil' or 'wicked'.
G1799
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on
Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, (of) before, (of) in the presence of, (of) in the sight of
Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'in the presence of' or 'in the sight of' someone or something. It often conveys the idea of being directly in front of, or under the observation of, another.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.
Synonyms: ἘΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ
Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en, meaning 'in') and the noun ὬΨ (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'eye'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master
Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.
G1398
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOO-lev-san
Translations: they served, they were enslaved, they were subject
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to serve,' 'to be a slave,' or 'to be subject to.' It describes the action of rendering service, often implying a state of subjection or servitude, whether voluntary or involuntary. It can be used to describe people serving a master, a nation serving another nation, or even serving God or sin.
Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G0894
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-ah-LEIM
Translations: Baals, the Baals
Notes: This word refers to the various pagan deities known as Baals, often worshipped in ancient Canaan and the Near East. It is the plural form of Baal, indicating multiple manifestations or idols of this deity. In the provided context, it refers to the false gods that the people worshipped instead of the Lord.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΙΔΩΛΑ, ΘΕΟΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G7951
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: as-TA-roth
Translations: Ashtaroth, Ashtoreth
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to a pagan goddess worshipped by various ancient Near Eastern peoples, including the Canaanites and Phoenicians. She was often associated with fertility, war, and sexuality. The name is a transliteration of the Hebrew 'Ashtoreth'. In the Old Testament, the worship of Ashtaroth is frequently condemned as idolatry.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Does not inflect (indeclinable proper noun)
Etymology: The name 'Ashtaroth' is a transliteration of the Hebrew עַשְׁתֹּרֶת ('Ashtoreth'), which itself derives from the Semitic goddess Ishtar/Astarte, worshipped across Mesopotamia and the Levant.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-OYS
Translations: to gods, for gods, to the gods, for the gods
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'god' or 'God'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. For example, it could mean 'to the gods' or 'for the gods', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΑΙΜΟΣΙΝ, ΕΙΔΩΛΟΙΣ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: A-RAD
Translations: Arad
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Arad, an ancient city in the southern Levant, located in the Negev Desert. It is mentioned in the Old Testament as a Canaanite city and later as an Israelite city. It is used in sentences to specify a location, for example, 'to Arad' or 'from Arad'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name 'Arad' is of Hebrew origin (עָרָד, 'Arad), meaning 'wild ass' or 'place of flight'. It refers to an ancient city in the Negev desert.
G4605
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: see-DOH-nos
Translations: of Sidon
Notes: This is the genitive form of Sidon, an ancient Phoenician city located on the Mediterranean coast, in what is now modern-day Lebanon. It was a significant port city known for its trade and maritime activities, and it is frequently mentioned in historical and biblical texts.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The name Sidon is of Phoenician origin, meaning 'fishery' or 'fishing town'. It is derived from the Phoenician word 'ṣdn', referring to fishing.
G3476
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: moh-AHB
Translations: Moab
Notes: Moab refers to an ancient kingdom located east of the Dead Sea, in what is now modern-day Jordan. It also refers to the descendants of Moab, the son of Lot, and the people who inhabited this land. In biblical texts, it is often mentioned in historical and geographical contexts.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Does not inflect
Etymology: The name Moab is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'from father' or 'his father'. It refers to the son of Lot, from whom the Moabite people are said to have descended.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-ee-OHN
Translations: of sons, of children, of descendants
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΥΙΟΣ' (huios), meaning 'son' or 'child'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of sons' or 'of children'. In a broader sense, it can also refer to descendants or followers, indicating a close association or lineage.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΩΝ, ΠΑΙΔΩΝ
G0283
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: am-MOHN
Translations: Ammon
Notes: Ammon refers to a Semitic people and their kingdom, located east of the Jordan River, in what is modern-day Jordan. They were descendants of Ben-Ammi, the son of Lot, and are often mentioned in the Old Testament in relation to Israel. The name can also refer to the god worshipped by the Ammonites, or to the territory itself.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative or Genitive
Etymology: From Hebrew 'Ammon (עַמּוֹן), meaning 'people'. It refers to a nation descended from Lot.
G5331
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: foo-lis-TEE-eem
Translations: Philistines
Notes: This word refers to the Philistines, an ancient people who were enemies of the Israelites, primarily inhabiting the coastal plain of Canaan. It is used to denote the people themselves.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek word Φυλιστιείμ (Phylistieim) is a transliteration of the Hebrew word פְּלִשְׁתִּים (Pəlištīm), which refers to the Philistines.
G1459
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eng-ka-teh-LI-pon
Translations: I forsook, they forsook, I abandoned, they abandoned, I left behind, they left behind
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'egkataleipo', meaning to forsake, abandon, or leave behind. It is used to describe the act of deserting someone or something, often implying a sense of neglect or betrayal. In the provided examples, it is used in the aorist tense, indicating a completed action in the past, such as 'they forsook' or 'I forsook'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ἈΦΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΛΕΙΠΩ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-on
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner
Notes: This word means 'Lord,' 'master,' or 'owner.' It is frequently used in ancient Greek texts, including the New Testament, to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or to a human master or owner. As an accusative singular form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, indicating 'the Lord' or 'a Lord' as the recipient of an action.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G3710
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: or-GISS-thay
Translations: he was angered, he became angry, he got angry
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to become angry, to be provoked to anger, or to be enraged. It describes the state of someone experiencing wrath or indignation. In this form, it indicates that the subject of the verb was the one who became angry.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive/Middle, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΩ, ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ
Etymology: From ὀργή (orgē), meaning 'anger' or 'wrath'.
G2372
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thoo-MOH
Translations: (to) passion, (to) anger, (to) wrath, (to) indignation, (to) rage, (to) fury, (to) spirit, (to) soul
Notes: This word refers to a strong emotion, often negative, such as anger, wrath, or indignation. It can also refer to the seat of emotions, like the spirit or soul. In this dative form, it indicates the recipient or instrument of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'with'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΡΓΗ, ΠΑΘΟΣ, ΖΗΛΟΣ
Etymology: From an assumed root meaning 'to rush, breathe hard'. It originally referred to the soul or spirit as the principle of life, and later came to denote strong feelings or passions.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir
Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.
G0591
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-DOH-toh
Translations: he gave back, he paid, he sold, he delivered, he rendered
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to give back', 'to pay', 'to sell', or 'to deliver'. It is often used in contexts of returning something, fulfilling an obligation, or transferring ownership. It can also mean 'to render' or 'to yield'. In some contexts, it can refer to God delivering people into the hands of their enemies.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΕΝ, ΠΩΛΕΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEI-ree
Translations: to hand, by hand, in hand, with hand, by the hand, in the hand, with the hand
Notes: This word refers to the hand, and in this inflected form, it indicates location or means. It is often used to express 'in the hand,' 'by hand,' or 'with the hand,' signifying possession, control, or the instrument by which an action is performed. For example, 'in the hand of God' or 'by the hand of a prophet'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
G2346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eth-LIP-san
Translations: they afflicted, they oppressed, they distressed, they troubled
Notes: This word describes the act of pressing, squeezing, or causing distress and affliction. It is often used to refer to the act of oppressing or persecuting others, causing them hardship or suffering. It implies a forceful and burdensome action.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΙΕΖΩ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΚΑΚΟΩ
G2343
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eth-LAH-san
Translations: they broke, they shattered, they crushed
Notes: This word describes the action of breaking, shattering, or crushing something. It is used to indicate a forceful act of destruction or fragmentation. In a sentence, it would typically be used to describe what a group of people did to an object or even to a people, as seen in the example where it describes the crushing of the sons of Israel.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΡΙΒΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΝΥΜΙ
Etymology: The word θλάω (thlaō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words meaning 'to press' or 'to squeeze'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: Hwee-OOS
Translations: sons, children
Notes: This word refers to male offspring, or more broadly, to children or descendants. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating that the 'sons' are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G2540
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kahee-ROH
Translations: to time, to season, to opportunity, to a proper time, to a fixed time, to a due season, to a critical time
Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, often implying a critical or decisive moment. It is distinct from 'chronos' (χρόνος), which refers to chronological or sequential time. 'Kairos' emphasizes the qualitative aspect of time, focusing on the right or fitting moment for something to happen. It is used in contexts where a particular event or action is expected or appropriate.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΩΡΑ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh
Translations: to that, for that, with that, by that, that one
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point out something or someone that is distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object or the means/instrument by which something is done. It often translates as 'to that', 'for that', or 'with that', depending on the context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
G1176
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: DEH-kah
Translations: ten
Notes: This word means 'ten' and is used to denote the number 10. It is an indeclinable numeral, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number in a sentence. It can be used to count objects or refer to a quantity of ten.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar words for 'ten' in other Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: OK-toh
Translations: eight
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'eight'. It is used to indicate a quantity of eight of something. It is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of the gender, number, or case of the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'eight'. It is cognate with English 'eight' and Latin 'octo'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tas
Translations: all, every, everyone, the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality of something or someone. In this form, it is used for masculine nouns in the accusative plural, meaning 'all (of them)' or 'everyone'. It can also be used substantively to refer to 'all people' or 'everyone'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G4008
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: peh-RAN
Translations: beyond, over, on the other side, across
Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'beyond' or 'on the other side,' indicating a location or direction. It can also be used as a preposition, typically with the genitive case, to mean 'beyond' or 'across' something, indicating movement or position relative to a boundary.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΚΕΙΝΑ, ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ
Etymology: From the root *per- meaning 'to pass through, to go over.' It is related to the verb περάω (peraō), meaning 'to pass through' or 'to cross.'
G2446
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-or-DAH-noo
Translations: of Jordan
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of 'Jordan', referring to the Jordan River. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the other side of the Jordan' or 'from the Jordan'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew 'Yarden', meaning 'the descender', referring to the river's rapid descent.
G0268
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-mor-REH-ee
Translations: Amorite, the Amorite, Amorites, the Amorites
Notes: This word refers to an Amorite, a member of an ancient Semitic people mentioned in the Bible. They were inhabitants of Canaan and later Mesopotamia. The form ἈΜΟΡΡΕΙ is an inflected form of the proper noun, often referring to the people collectively or in a specific grammatical case.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The word ἈΜΟΡΡΑΙΟΣ is derived from the Hebrew word אֱמֹרִי (ʾĔmōrī), which refers to the Amorites, an ancient people of the Near East.
G1224
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eh-BEE-san
Translations: they crossed over, they passed through, they went over
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Therefore, it means 'to go through' or 'to step across'. It is used to describe the action of moving from one side to another, often across a physical barrier like a river or a boundary. It typically takes an accusative object for the thing being crossed.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣΑΝ, ΔΙΕΛΘΟΝ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound of διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. The root βαίνω comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to step' or 'to go'.
G2446
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-or-DAH-neen
Translations: Jordan, the Jordan
Notes: This word refers to the Jordan River, a significant geographical feature in the Middle East, particularly in biblical contexts. It is used to denote the river itself, often in phrases describing crossing or being near it.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
G3903
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-TAX-as-thai
Translations: to arrange in battle array, to draw up in battle formation, to set in order for battle, to array oneself for battle
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'alongside' or 'beside', and 'τάσσω' (tasso), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'. It specifically refers to the act of arranging troops or forces in a battle line or formation. It is used to describe the preparation for combat, where soldiers are organized into ranks and files.
Inflection: Aorist, Infinitive, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΑΤΤΩ, ΤΑΣΣΩ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G2448
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAN
Translations: Judah, Jude
Notes: This word refers to Judah, the fourth son of Jacob and Leah, or to the tribe and kingdom descended from him. It is used to denote the geographical region, the people, or the historical entity of Judah. In the provided context, it refers to the land or people of Judah.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G0958
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ben-ee-ah-MEIN
Translations: Benjamin
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Benjamin, the youngest son of Jacob and Rachel in the Old Testament. He was the founder of one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The name is often used to refer to the tribe or the territory associated with it.
Inflection: Indeclinable
Etymology: From Hebrew בִּנְיָמִין (Binyāmīn), meaning 'son of the right hand' or 'son of the south'.
G2346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eth-LEE-bay
Translations: was afflicted, was distressed, was troubled, was pressed
Notes: This verb describes the state of being pressed, afflicted, or distressed. It is used to convey a sense of suffering or hardship that someone experienced. For example, it can describe a person or a group of people being severely troubled or put under pressure.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΠΙΕΖΩ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ
G4970
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: SFO-drah
Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, strongly, vehemently
Notes: This word is an adverb used to intensify the meaning of a verb, adjective, or another adverb. It indicates a high degree or intensity of the action or quality described, often translated as 'very much' or 'to a great extent'. It is used to emphasize the force or extent of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΛΙΑΝ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ
Etymology: From an unused root meaning 'to be vehement'.
G0994
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-BO-ay-san
Translations: they cried out, they shouted, they called out
Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'βοάω' (boao), meaning 'to cry out' or 'to shout'. It describes an action of a group of people making a loud sound, often in distress, excitement, or to get attention. It indicates a completed action in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΡΑΖΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ, ἈΝΑΚΡΑΖΩ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GON-tes
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: This is the present active participle of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or saying something, often functioning adverbially to describe how an action is performed, or adjectivally to describe those who are speaking.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G0264
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hay-MAR-toh-men
Translations: we sinned, we have sinned
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to sin' or 'to miss the mark'. It refers to an action of failing to meet a standard or deviating from a path, often with moral or religious implications. The form 'ΗΜΑΡΤΟΜΕΝ' specifically means 'we sinned' or 'we have sinned', indicating a past action completed by a group of people.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΑΠΟΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ
Etymology: The word ἁμαρτάνω (hamartanō) comes from a privative prefix 'a-' (meaning 'not') and a root related to 'μέρος' (meros), meaning 'part' or 'share', implying 'not having a share' or 'missing the mark'.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SOY
Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you
Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G1459
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eng-kah-teh-LI-poh-men
Translations: we forsook, we abandoned, we left behind, we deserted
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefixes 'en-' (in, among), 'kata-' (down, against), and the verb 'leipo' (to leave). It means to leave behind, abandon, forsake, or desert someone or something. It is used to describe the act of giving up on or departing from a person, a place, a command, or a belief.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΛΕΙΠΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition ἐν (en, meaning 'in' or 'among'), the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against'), and the verb λείπω (leipo, meaning 'to leave' or 'to abandon'). The combination of these elements emphasizes the act of leaving something completely behind or abandoning it fully.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-ON
Translations: God, a God
Notes: This word refers to God, a god, or a deity. It is used as the direct object in a sentence, indicating the recipient of an action or the one being referred to. For example, one might 'worship God' (where 'God' would be in the accusative case).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G1398
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-doo-LEH-oo-sah-men
Translations: we served, we were enslaved, we were servants
Notes: This word means 'we served' or 'we were enslaved'. It describes an action of serving or being in servitude that occurred in the past. It can refer to serving a person, a deity, or even a concept like sin.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣΑΜΕΝ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΣΑΜΕΝ
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pen
Translations: he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is commonly used to introduce direct speech or to report what someone said.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G3780
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH-ee
Translations: no, not at all, by no means, certainly not
Notes: This word is a strong negative adverb, meaning 'no' or 'not at all'. It is used to express a definite and emphatic denial, often in response to a question or to strongly contradict a statement. It is a more emphatic form of the negative particle οὐ (ou).
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ
Etymology: From οὐ (ou), meaning 'not', and the enclitic particle -χι (-chi), which adds emphasis. It is a more emphatic form of the simple negative particle.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ex
Translations: out of, from, of, by, with
Notes: ἘΞ is a preposition that signifies origin, separation, or source. It always governs the genitive case. It can denote movement 'out of' a place, 'from' a point in time or a source, 'of' a material or composition, or 'by' an agent. It often implies a complete separation or a clear point of departure.
Inflection: Does not inflect; always takes the genitive case.
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin ex and English out.
G0125
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ahee-GYP-too
Translations: of Egypt
Notes: This word refers to Egypt, an ancient country in northeastern Africa, known for its rich history and significant role in biblical narratives, particularly as the place where the Israelites were enslaved before their exodus. It is often mentioned in contexts relating to its geographical location or its people.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G0274
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-mor-RAI-oo
Translations: of the Amorite, of the Amorites
Notes: This word refers to the Amorites, an ancient people mentioned in the Old Testament. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to the Amorites' or 'from the Amorites'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G4605
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: see-doh-NEE-ohn
Translations: of Sidonians, of the Sidonians
Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Sidon, an ancient Phoenician city located on the coast of modern-day Lebanon. It is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to the Sidonians' or 'from the Sidonians'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew Tsîdôn (Sidon), meaning 'fishing' or 'fishery'. It refers to the ancient city of Sidon, known for its maritime activities.
G0257
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-mah-LEK
Translations: Amalek
Notes: Amalek refers to a nomadic people or nation, traditionally considered descendants of Esau through his grandson Amalek. They were known as a persistent enemy of the Israelites in the Old Testament. The name can refer to the individual, the people, or the land they inhabited.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin (H6002, עֲמָלֵק - 'Amaleq), referring to a descendant of Esau and the nation descended from him. Its precise etymology is uncertain, but it is a tribal name.
G3101
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: MA-dee-am
Translations: Midian
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Midian, a son of Abraham by Keturah, and also to the territory and people descended from him. In biblical contexts, it refers to a region in Arabia and the nomadic people who inhabited it, often depicted as adversaries or neighbors of ancient Israel. It is used to denote the land or the people of Midian.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive
Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew name מִדְיָן (Midyan), meaning 'strife' or 'contention'.
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G0994
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-boh-EH-sah-teh
Translations: you cried out, you shouted, you called out
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to cry out,' 'to shout,' or 'to call out.' It describes the act of making a loud sound, often in distress, for help, or to express strong emotion. It can be used in sentences like 'They cried out for mercy' or 'The crowd shouted with joy.'
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΡΑΖΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ, ΑΝΑΚΡΑΖΩ
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the first-person singular pronoun 'me' in the accusative case. It is used as the direct object of a verb or as the object of certain prepositions, indicating the recipient of an action or the object being affected.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΜΕ (me) derives from the ancient Greek first-person singular pronoun. Its form has remained largely consistent throughout various stages of the Greek language.
G4982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-SOH-sah
Translations: I saved, I delivered, I preserved, I healed
Notes: This is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'σῴζω' (sōzō). It means 'I saved' or 'I delivered'. It describes a completed action in the past, emphasizing the act of bringing someone or something to safety, health, or preservation. It can be used in various contexts, such as saving someone from danger, delivering them from oppression, preserving their life, or healing them from illness.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΛΥΤΡΟΩ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ
Etymology: The word 'σῴζω' (sōzō) comes from the ancient Greek word 'σάος' (saos), meaning 'safe' or 'sound'. It is related to the concept of being whole, healthy, or preserved.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEI-ross
Translations: of hand, of a hand, of the hand, of power, of authority, of control
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. In Koine Greek, 'hand' can refer not only to the physical limb but also metaphorically to power, authority, control, or agency. When used in the genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the agent by which something is done, thus translating to 'of hand' or 'by the hand of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'χείρ' (cheir) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰesr-, meaning 'hand'. It is related to words for hand in other Indo-European languages.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MACE
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a second-person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (referring to multiple people). It is used when the 'you' is the subject of the sentence, performing the action of the verb.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Second Person
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the Latin 'vos' and English 'you'.
G1459
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eng-ka-ta-LEI-pe-te
Translations: you abandoned, you forsook, you left behind, you deserted
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to abandon, forsake, leave behind, or desert'. It implies leaving someone or something in a state of neglect or helplessness. It is often used in contexts of spiritual or moral abandonment, or simply leaving a place or person.
Inflection: Second Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΛΕΙΠΩ
G1398
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-doo-LEH-oo-sah-teh
Translations: you served, you were enslaved, you were servants, you were in bondage
Notes: This word means to serve, to be a slave, or to be in bondage. It implies a state of servitude, obedience, or subjection to someone or something. It is often used in a literal sense of being a slave, but can also be used metaphorically to describe serving God, sin, or other masters.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΕΩ
G2087
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: HEH-teh-roys
Translations: other, another, different, a different
Notes: This word refers to something that is 'other' or 'different' from what has been previously mentioned or implied. It emphasizes a distinction in kind or character, rather than just numerical difference (which would be expressed by 'ἄλλος'). It is often used to introduce a new or distinct item in a list or comparison. In the provided examples, it refers to 'other gods'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ, ΔΙΑΦΟΡΟΣ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G4369
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-THEH-soh
Translations: I will add, I will put to, I will give besides, I will increase
Notes: This word means to add something to what is already present, to put something in addition to something else, or to increase a quantity. It is used to express future actions of adding or increasing. For example, one might say 'I will add more water' or 'I will give you more'.
Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΑΝΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G4198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: por-YOO-es-theh
Translations: go, walk, travel, proceed, depart, you go, you walk, you travel
Notes: This word means to go, walk, travel, or proceed. It is often used in the imperative mood to give a command, such as 'Go!' or 'You go!'. It can also describe the act of departing or moving from one place to another. In the provided examples, it is used as a command to 'go' or 'enter'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present Tense, Imperative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΔΙΖΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G0994
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: boh-AY-sah-teh
Translations: cry out, shout, call out
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to cry out, shout, or call aloud. It is often used to express a command or an urgent plea, indicating a loud vocalization, whether in distress, excitement, or to gain attention. It can be used in contexts of prayer, warning, or general communication.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΡΑΖΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-OOS
Translations: gods
Notes: This word refers to gods or deities. It is the plural form of 'god' and is used when referring to multiple divine beings. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, indicating the recipients of an action.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΑΙΜΟΝΕΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *dʰes-, meaning 'sacred, holy'. It is related to words for divine beings or sacred concepts in other Indo-European languages.
G3775
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OOS
Translations: ear, an ear
Notes: This word refers to the anatomical organ of hearing, the ear. It is used in various contexts to denote the physical ear, but also metaphorically for the act of hearing or understanding, as in 'to lend an ear' or 'to have ears to hear'. It is a singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΩΤΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ows- (ear).
G1586
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-eh-LEK-sah-stheh
Translations: you chose, you have chosen, you did choose
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to choose out, select, or pick out'. It implies a deliberate selection from a larger group. In the provided examples, it is used to describe the act of people choosing a king or choosing to serve the Lord. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to pick up, gather, or say'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΛΕΓΩ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ah-TOYS
Translations: (to) themselves, (for) themselves, themselves, (among) themselves
Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'they gave to themselves' or 'they saw themselves'. It emphasizes that the subject is both the actor and the recipient of the action.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'ἑός' (heos, 'his own') and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self').
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOY
Translations: they, them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun that can function in several ways. It can be used as an intensive pronoun meaning 'self' or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. It can also serve as a simple third-person pronoun meaning 'he, she, it, they' or 'him, her, it, them'. When used with the article, it often functions as an adjective meaning 'the same'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
G4982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soh-SAH-toh-sahn
Translations: let them save, may they save, they should save
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to save' or 'to deliver'. It is in the aorist active imperative mood, third person plural. This form is used to give a command or instruction to a group of people, specifically 'let them save' or 'they should save'. It implies a direct order or a strong suggestion for a completed action.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΣΩΤΗΡΙΑ
G2347
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THLIP-seh-ohss
Translations: (of) tribulation, (of) affliction, (of) distress, (of) trouble, (of) pressure, a tribulation, an affliction, a distress, a trouble, a pressure
Notes: This word refers to a state of pressure, distress, or suffering. It denotes a crushing or pressing together, which can be literal or figurative, leading to hardship or trouble. It is often used in the context of difficulties, persecutions, or severe trials faced by individuals or communities.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑ, ΠΙΕΣΙΣ, ΔΟΚΙΜΗ
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-pahn
Translations: they said, they spoke
Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'εἶπον' (eîpon), which functions as the aorist tense for 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that a group of people 'said' or 'spoke' something. It is used to report direct speech or to state what was communicated by multiple individuals.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ, ΕΦΑΣΑΝ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-EE-son
Translations: do, make, perform, create, accomplish, produce, bring about
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to do, make, or perform. It is used to describe the act of bringing something into existence, carrying out an action, or accomplishing a task. It can be used in various contexts, from physical creation to the performance of duties or the execution of plans.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun meaning 'you' (singular). It is used when addressing a single person directly, typically as the subject of a sentence. It can also be used emphatically to highlight the person being addressed.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Second Person
Etymology: The word 'ΣΥ' is an ancient Greek pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been consistently used throughout various stages of the Greek language to refer to the second person singular.
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: PAN
Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole
Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.
G0018
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ah-gah-THON
Translations: good, a good thing, benefit, advantage, what is good
Notes: This word describes something that is good, beneficial, or morally upright. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its positive quality. As a neuter noun, it often refers to 'a good thing' or 'what is good' in a general sense, encompassing both moral excellence and practical benefit. It is frequently used to describe actions, outcomes, or qualities that are desirable or virtuous.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word originates from Proto-Indo-European, referring to something that is 'good' or 'noble'. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.
G3788
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oph-thal-MOYS
Translations: to eyes, in the eyes, with eyes
Notes: This word refers to the physical organ of sight, the eye. In its dative plural form, it often indicates the instrument by which something is seen or perceived, or the location where something is found, such as 'in the eyes' or 'before the eyes'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΜΜΑ, ΒΛΕΦΑΡΟΝ
G4771
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Part of Speech: Personal Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: of you, your, yours
Notes: ΣΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the second-person personal pronoun 'you'. It indicates possession or relationship, similar to 'your' or 'of you' in English. It can be used to show that something belongs to the person being addressed, or to indicate the object of certain prepositions or verbs that take the genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, All genders
G4133
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: PLAYN
Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for
Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ
Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.
G1807
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-ahee-REH-loo
Translations: deliver, rescue, take out, remove
Notes: This word means to take out, remove, deliver, or rescue. It is often used in the context of delivering someone from danger, evil, or a difficult situation. It can also mean to choose or select someone for a specific purpose.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Middle Voice, Imperative
Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΣΩΖΩ
Etymology: The word ἐξαιρέω (exaireō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. Thus, its core meaning is 'to take out' or 'to take from'.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mas
Translations: us
Notes: This word is the first-person plural pronoun 'we' in the accusative case. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'us'. For example, 'He saw us' or 'They spoke to us'.
Inflection: First-person, Plural, Accusative
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-MEH-rah
Translations: day, a day, time, a time, period, a period
Notes: This word refers to a day, which can mean either a 24-hour period or the daylight portion of a day, as opposed to night. It can also be used more broadly to refer to a specific time, season, or period. It is commonly used to mark the passage of time or to refer to a particular point in time.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'warm' or 'hot', referring to the warmth of the day.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOW-tay
Translations: of this, to this, by this, with this, this
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a feminine singular form, it can function as either a genitive case, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of this woman'), or a dative case, indicating indirect object or means (e.g., 'to this woman' or 'by means of this'). Its precise meaning depends on the context and the preposition it might be used with.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Dative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗ, ΕΚΕΙΝΗ
Etymology: The word 'οὗτος' (houtos), from which 'ταύτῃ' is derived, is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek. It is believed to have originated from a combination of the definite article and a pronominal stem, indicating proximity or reference to something previously mentioned.
G1578
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-EK-lee-nan
Translations: turned aside, deviated, departed, avoided, shunned
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb κλίνω (klinō), meaning 'to incline' or 'to bend'. Together, it means to turn or bend away from something, to deviate, or to depart. It can also imply avoiding or shunning something. It is used to describe a physical turning away or a moral deviation from a path or principle.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΛΙΝΩ, ΕΚΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΚΚΛΙΝΩ is derived from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb κλίνω (klinō), meaning 'to incline', 'to bend', or 'to lean'. The root κλίνω comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to lean' or 'to slope'.
G0245
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: al-LO-tree-oos
Translations: foreign, strange, another's, alien, hostile, belonging to another
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is foreign, strange, or belonging to another person or group. It can refer to things that are not one's own, or to people who are outsiders or even hostile. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating that the noun is not native, familiar, or rightfully possessed.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΣ, ΑΛΛΟΣ
G3319
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: MEH-soo
Translations: middle, midst, among, between, in the middle, in the midst, (of) the middle, (of) the midst
Notes: This word refers to the middle or midst of something. As an adjective, it describes something as being in the middle. When used as a noun, often in the genitive case (like ΜΕΣΟΥ), it functions adverbially to indicate being in the midst of or among something or someone, frequently appearing with prepositions like διά (through) or ἐν (in).
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΝ, ΜΕΣΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *medʰyo- (middle). It is cognate with Latin medius and English mid.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OH
Translations: to the Lord, for the Lord, to the master, for the master, to an owner, for an owner
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, meaning 'Lord,' 'master,' or 'owner.' In the dative case, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, the recipient, or the beneficiary. It is commonly used in religious contexts to refer to God or Jesus Christ, but can also refer to a human master or owner. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'to give thanks to the Lord' or 'to serve the master.'
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G3441
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MOH-noh
Translations: to only, to alone, to single, to unique, to solitary
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'only,' 'alone,' 'single,' or 'unique.' It is used to describe something that is singular or exclusive. As a dative form, it indicates the recipient or indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for' before the English equivalent.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ, ΕΙΣ
G3643
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-li-GOH-thay
Translations: was diminished, was made small, was lessened, became few, was reduced
Notes: This word describes something being made small, diminished, or reduced in quantity or size. It is often used to indicate a decrease or a becoming few. For example, it could describe resources dwindling or a group of people becoming fewer in number.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΜΕΙΟΩ, ΕΛΑΤΤΟΩ
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G5590
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE
Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life
Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ
Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.
G2873
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ko-POH
Translations: (to) toil, (to) labor, (to) trouble, (to) weariness, (to) a toil, (to) a labor, (to) a trouble, (to) a weariness
Notes: This word refers to toil, labor, or trouble, often implying a sense of weariness or exhaustion resulting from strenuous effort. It is used to describe hard work or the difficulties encountered in a task. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object or the means by which something is done.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΟΧΘΟΣ, ΠΟΝΟΣ, ΚΑΜΑΤΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb κόπτω (koptō), meaning 'to strike, cut, or beat', which then developed the sense of 'to tire out' or 'to exhaust' through the idea of continuous striking or effort.
G0305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-neh-BEE-sahn
Translations: they went up, they ascended, they climbed, they came up, they embarked
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to go up,' 'to ascend,' 'to climb,' or 'to embark.' It describes movement from a lower to a higher place, whether physically, like climbing a mountain or getting into a boat, or sometimes metaphorically. It is used here in the past tense, indicating an action that was completed.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ἈΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ἈΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ
G3918
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-en-E-bal-on
Translations: encamped, pitched camp, stationed themselves
Notes: This word describes the action of setting up a camp or stationing oneself, typically in a military context. It implies a temporary settlement or positioning of a group of people, often an army, in a specific location.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΟΠΕΔΕΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ
G4863
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-EEKH-theh-san
Translations: they were gathered, they assembled, they came together
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to be gathered together or to assemble. It describes a group of people coming together in one place, often for a specific purpose or in response to an event. It is formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΝΤΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. It describes the action of bringing or leading things or people together.
G4648
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sko-PEE-ah
Translations: watch, a watch, watchtower, a watchtower, place of observation, a place of observation, lookout, a lookout
Notes: This word refers to a place from which one watches or observes, such as a watchtower, a lookout post, or a high place used for observation. It can also refer to the act of watching or keeping a lookout. It is used in contexts where vigilance or observation is key.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΦΥΛΑΚΗ
Etymology: From the verb σκοπέω (skopeō), meaning 'to look at, behold, consider'. It refers to a place for looking or watching.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pon
Translations: I said, I spoke, he said, he spoke, they said, they spoke, to say, to speak
Notes: ΕἸΠΟΝ is an aorist form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used as the aorist tense of the verb λέγω (legō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I said', 'he said', or 'they said' depending on the context and the implied subject, as the form itself is ambiguous regarding person and number (it can be 1st singular, 3rd singular, or 3rd plural). It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G2992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LAH-os
Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation
Notes: This word refers to a people, a nation, or a multitude of individuals, often implying a distinct group or community. It is commonly used to refer to the people of God, or a specific population within a region. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΔΗΜΟΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to words meaning 'to gather' or 'to assemble'.
G0758
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AR-khon-tes
Translations: rulers, the rulers, authorities, the authorities, chiefs, magistrates, princes
Notes: This word refers to individuals holding positions of authority, power, or leadership. It can denote civil magistrates, government officials, or even spiritual powers. It is used to describe those who govern or have dominion over others.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΙ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΕΣ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ
G4139
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-see-on
Translations: near, nearby, neighbor, a neighbor, one's neighbor
Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'near' or 'nearby', indicating proximity in space or time. It can also be used substantively as a noun, typically in the neuter singular, to refer to 'one's neighbor' or 'the person next to you'. When used as a noun, it often refers to a fellow human being, emphasizing a relationship of proximity or community.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular (when used substantively as a noun)
Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G3748
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: HOS-tis
Translations: whoever, whatever, whichever, anyone who, anything which, everyone who, everything which
Notes: This is a compound relative pronoun, formed from the relative pronoun ὅς (who, which) and the indefinite pronoun τις (anyone, someone). It is used to introduce a relative clause and conveys a sense of indefiniteness or generality, meaning 'whoever' or 'whatever'. It can refer to persons or things and is used when the antecedent is not specific or is unknown.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΣ, ΟΣΠΕΡ
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AHN
Translations: if, ever, might, would, should
Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.
G0757
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ar-KSE-tai
Translations: begin, rule, govern, lead
Notes: This word is a verb that means to begin, to rule, to govern, or to lead. It is often used to describe the initiation of an action or the exercise of authority. For example, it can refer to someone starting a task or taking charge of a group.
Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ἈΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ἩΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΩ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tai
Translations: will be, shall be, there will be
Notes: This is the third person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates that something 'will be' or 'shall be' in the future. It can refer to a person (he/she/it will be) or an impersonal existence (there will be).
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G0758
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AR-khon-tah
Translations: ruler, a ruler, leader, a leader, prince, a prince, official, an official
Notes: This word refers to a person in a position of authority, such as a ruler, leader, or official. It is used to describe someone who holds power or has a leading role in a community or government. It can be used in various contexts to denote a person of high rank or influence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sin
Translations: to all, for all, with all, by all, in all
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness, often modifying a noun to show that something applies to every member of a group or every part of a whole. In this dative plural form, it typically translates as 'to all', 'for all', 'with all', or 'in all', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G2730
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-toy-KOO-sin
Translations: they dwell, they inhabit, they live
Notes: This verb means "to dwell," "to inhabit," or "to live in a place." It describes the act of residing somewhere. It is a compound word, combining the preposition "κατά" (down, against) with the verb "οἰκέω" (to dwell).
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΩ, ΖΑΩ, ΜΕΝΩ
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