Home / Interlinears (Beta) / The Shepherd of Hermas — Parables / Parable 5 / Chapter 4Parable 5, Chapter 4
Interlinear version from The Shepherd of Hermas — Parables (Beta)
G1189
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-deh-THEEN
Translations: I prayed, I begged, I implored, I entreated
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to pray', 'to beg', or 'to implore'. It is used to express a strong request or supplication, often directed towards God or a powerful figure. It implies a sense of need or urgency in the request.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive (or Middle), 1st Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΔΕΟΜΑΙ (deomai) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₂- meaning 'to give, to distribute'. It originally conveyed the idea of 'to lack' or 'to need', which then developed into 'to ask for what one needs' or 'to beg'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: POL-lah
Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things
Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G1214
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: day-LOH-see
Translations: declaration, revelation, explanation, manifestation, a declaration, a revelation, an explanation, a manifestation
Notes: This word is a noun that refers to the act of making something clear, known, or evident. It can mean a declaration, an explanation, or a revelation of something previously hidden or unclear. It is used to describe the process or result of bringing something into plain sight or understanding.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΨΙΣ, ΕΚΦΑΝΣΙΣ, ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣΙΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G3850
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-ra-bo-LEN
Translations: a parable, parable, a proverb, proverb, an allegory, allegory, a figure, figure, a comparison, comparison
Notes: This word refers to a parable, proverb, or a figure of speech used for comparison or illustration. It is a narrative or saying that conveys a deeper spiritual or moral lesson. It is often used in the New Testament to describe the teaching method of Jesus, where he would use earthly stories to explain heavenly truths. It can also refer to a riddle or a dark saying.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΙΜΙΑ, ΑΙΝΙΓΜΑ
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G0068
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ag-ROO
Translations: of a field, of the country, of land, of the field, of the country, of the land
Notes: This word refers to a field, cultivated land, or the open country outside of a city. It is often used to denote agricultural land or a rural area. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of a field' or 'from the country'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΗ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to Latin ager (field).
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G1203
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: des-PO-too
Translations: of a master, of a lord, of an owner, of a ruler
Notes: This word refers to a master, lord, or owner, emphasizing authority and control over others, such as servants or slaves. It is often used in a context where someone holds absolute power or dominion. It can also refer to God as the ultimate Lord or Master.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΟΥ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΟΥ
G0290
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: am-peh-LOH-nos
Translations: (of) a vineyard, (of) vineyard
Notes: This word refers to a vineyard, which is a plantation of grapevines, typically for winemaking. It is used to describe a piece of land cultivated for growing grapes. In the provided context, it appears in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, such as 'of a vineyard' or 'belonging to a vineyard'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The word ἈΜΠΕΛΩΝ (ampelōn) comes from ἈΜΠΕΛΟΣ (ampelos), meaning 'vine' or 'grapevine', with the suffix -ων indicating a place or field. Thus, it literally means 'place of vines'.
G1401
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOO-loo
Translations: of a slave, of a servant, of a bondservant
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'δούλος' (doulos), meaning 'slave' or 'servant'. It refers to someone who is in a state of servitude, whether by compulsion or by choice, often implying complete devotion or submission to a master or to God. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, so it translates as 'of a slave' or 'of a servant'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΤΗΣ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ, ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ
G5482
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kha-ra-KO-san-tos
Translations: of having trenched, of having palisaded, of having fortified with a palisade, of having fenced with stakes
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'charakoo', meaning 'to fence with stakes, to fortify with a palisade, or to trench'. It describes someone or something that has completed the action of building a fence or trench. It is used to modify a noun, indicating that the noun is the one who performed the action.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Genitive
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΦΡΑΞΑΝΤΟΣ, ΤΕΙΧΙΣΑΝΤΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G290
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: am-peh-LOH-na
Translations: vineyard, a vineyard
Notes: This word refers to a vineyard, a piece of land planted with grapevines for producing grapes, typically for wine. It is often used in agricultural contexts or parables to describe a cultivated area.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΝΩΝ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G5482
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kha-ra-KOHN
Translations: to fence, to palisade, to fortify, to entrench
Notes: This word describes the action of surrounding something with a fence, palisade, or rampart, often for protection or enclosure. It implies the construction of a defensive barrier. It is used to describe the act of fortifying or entrenching a place.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Present, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΦΡΑΓΝΥΜΙ, ΟΧΥΡΟΩ
Etymology: From ΧΑΡΑΞ (charax), meaning 'a pointed stake, a palisade'.
G1008
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: boh-tah-NOHN
Translations: of herbs, of plants, of grass, of pasture
Notes: This word refers to herbs, plants, or grass, often used in the context of vegetation or pasture. It is a plural form, indicating multiple plants or a general collection of vegetation.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΟΡΤΟΥ, ΦΥΤΩΝ
G1614
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ek-te-TAYL-me-non
Translations: of those stretched out, of those extended, of those spread out, of those put forth
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, genitive plural, derived from the verb 'ἐκτείνω' (ekteinō), meaning 'to stretch out' or 'to extend'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing something that has been stretched out or extended. In the genitive plural, it typically translates as 'of those who have been stretched out' or 'of things that have been stretched out', indicating possession or relationship.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΑΠΛΟΩ, ΕΠΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-OO
Translations: of a son, of son, of the son
Notes: This word refers to a male offspring or descendant. It is commonly used to denote a son, but can also refer to a male child in general, or even a descendant in a broader sense, such as 'sons of Israel' meaning the people of Israel. In this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ
G5384
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fee-LON
Translations: of friends, friends
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'friend' or 'beloved'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of friends' or simply 'friends' when the context implies possession or association. For example, 'the house of friends' or 'among friends'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ
G4825
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sym-BOO-lohn
Translations: of counselors, of advisers, of councilors
Notes: This word refers to individuals who provide advice or counsel, often in an official capacity. It is used to describe those who serve as advisers or members of a council. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive plural, indicating possession or association, such as 'of the counselors'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΤΗΣ, ΣΥΝΕΔΡΟΣ
G4920
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-EE-kah
Translations: I understood, I perceived, I comprehended, I gathered, I assembled
Notes: This word is the first aorist active indicative form of the verb ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ, meaning 'to understand' or 'to perceive'. It can also mean 'to bring together' or 'to assemble', especially in its compound forms or in certain contexts. In the provided examples, it is primarily used in the sense of understanding or comprehending.
Inflection: First Aorist, Active, Indicative, Singular or Plural (depending on context, ΣΥΝΗΚΑ is 1st person singular, ΣΥΝΗΚΑΝ is 3rd person plural)
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: From the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΙΗΜΙ (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to let go'. The combination implies 'sending together' or 'bringing together', which evolved into the meaning of 'understanding' or 'comprehending' by bringing concepts together in the mind.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3850
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-ra-bo-LEE
Translations: parable, a parable, proverb, a proverb, allegory, an allegory, figure, a figure, illustration, an illustration
Notes: This word refers to a short, illustrative story that teaches a moral or spiritual lesson. It can also mean a proverb, a riddle, or a comparison. It is often used in the New Testament to describe the teaching method of Jesus, where he would use everyday situations to convey deeper truths. It is a compound word formed from 'para' (beside) and 'ballo' (to throw), literally meaning 'a throwing alongside' or 'a placing beside', implying a comparison.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΙΝΙΓΜΑ, ΠΑΡΟΙΜΙΑ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek παραβολή (parabolḗ), from παραβάλλω (parabállō, “to compare, to juxtapose”), from παρά (pará, “beside”) + βάλλω (bállō, “to throw”).
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tee
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. For example, it can mean 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or simply 'is' in a sentence.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with the English word 'is' and Latin 'est'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G0611
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-kree-THEIS
Translations: having answered, answering, replied, having replied
Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle of the verb 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It describes an action that has already occurred, often translated as 'having answered' or 'having replied'. It is typically used to introduce a statement or action that is a response to something previously said or done, functioning adverbially to describe the manner or timing of the main verb.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕἸΠΩΝ, ΛΕΓΩΝ
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pen
Translations: he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is commonly used to introduce direct speech or to report what someone said.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G0829
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ow-THA-dees
Translations: self-willed, headstrong, stubborn, arrogant, obstinate, presumptuous
Notes: This adjective describes someone who is self-pleasing, stubborn, and unyielding, often in a negative sense. It implies a disregard for others' opinions or authority, leading to a defiant or arrogant disposition. It can be used to characterize a person's nature or their actions.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΥ̓ΘΑΙΡΕΤΟΣ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ἈΠΕΙΘΗΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of αὐτός (autos), meaning 'self', and ἁδής (hades), related to ἥδομαι (hedomai), meaning 'to please'. Thus, it literally means 'self-pleasing' or 'self-gratifying'.
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G3029
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: LEE-ahn
Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, much, extremely
Notes: This word is an adverb that means 'very' or 'exceedingly'. It is used to intensify the meaning of an adjective, another adverb, or a verb, indicating a high degree or extent of something. For example, it can be used to say 'very good' or 'greatly rejoice'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'smoothness' or 'plainness', which then developed into the meaning of 'very' or 'exceedingly'.
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G1905
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-er-oh-TAN
Translations: to ask, to question, to inquire, to consult
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'eperōtaō'. It means to ask a question, to inquire, or to consult someone for information or guidance. It is used when someone seeks to gain knowledge or clarification from another.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ἘΡΩΤΆΩ, ΠΥΝΘΆΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ἘΡΩΤΆΩ (erōtaō), meaning 'to ask'. Thus, it literally means 'to ask upon' or 'to ask in addition'.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G3784
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-FEE-lays
Translations: you owe, you ought, you must, you should, you are indebted to
Notes: This verb means to owe a debt, to be under obligation, or to be bound by duty. It is often used to express what one 'ought' or 'should' do, indicating a moral or legal necessity. It can also refer to a financial debt.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ
Etymology: From a compound of the prefix 'ὀφ-' (oph-), meaning 'to, toward', and a root related to 'φείλομαι' (pheilomai), meaning 'to be indebted'. It originally conveyed the idea of being bound or obligated.
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PHAY-sin
Translations: he says, she says, it says, he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is a common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone else has said or to introduce a direct quote. It can be translated as 'he says', 'she says', or 'it says', and often implies 'he/she/it said' in narrative contexts.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΗΜΙ (phēmi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak' or 'to show'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of speaking or declaring.
G3762
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: oo-DEN
Translations: nothing, none, not any, no one
Notes: This word is a negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one' when used as a pronoun, and 'not any' or 'no' when used as an adjective. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle οὐ (ou, 'not') and the indefinite pronoun εἷς (heis, 'one'). It is used to express absolute negation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝΟΣ
G3654
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OH-lohs
Translations: wholly, entirely, altogether, at all, completely
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'wholly,' 'entirely,' or 'altogether,' indicating completeness or totality. It can also be used in negative contexts to mean 'at all.' For example, it might be used to say 'not at all' or 'completely not'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΩΣ, ΤΕΛΕΙΩΣ
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ
Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SOY
Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you
Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.
G1189, G1162
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Part of Speech: Verb, Noun
Sounds like: deh
Translations: to beg, to pray, to entreat, to ask, a prayer, an entreaty, a petition
Notes: This word is a stem that appears in various forms of the verb 'to beg' or 'to pray' (ΔΕΟΜΑΙ) and the noun 'prayer' or 'petition' (ΔΕΗΣΙΣ). As a verb, it describes the act of making a request or supplication, often to a higher power or authority. As a noun, it refers to the act of prayer or the specific request itself. It is commonly used in contexts of earnest appeal or humble petition.
Inflection: This is a stem that forms parts of various inflections. For the verb ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, it can be found in forms like the aorist passive (e.g., ἐδεήθην, δεηθῆναι, δεηθείς). For the noun ΔΕΗΣΙΣ, it is the root of the word, which inflects for case and number (e.g., nominative singular δεήσις, genitive singular δεήσεως).
Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΗ, ΙΚΕΤΕΙΑ
G1213
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: day-loh-THEE-seh-tai
Translations: it will be made clear, it will be shown, it will be revealed, it will be declared
Notes: This word is a verb in the future passive voice, indicating an action that will be done to the subject. It means 'it will be made clear' or 'it will be shown'. It describes something that will become evident or manifest in the future, often implying a divine or authoritative revelation.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΩΘΗΣΕΤΑΙ, ΓΝΩΣΘΗΣΕΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΔΗΛΟΩ (deloo) comes from the adjective δῆλος (delos), meaning 'visible' or 'clear'. The verb form means 'to make clear' or 'to show'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-goh
Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean
Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-eh
Translations: Lord, O Lord, Master, Sir
Notes: This word is the vocative singular form of the noun ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (KYRIOS), meaning 'Lord,' 'Master,' or 'Sir.' It is used for direct address, similar to saying 'O Lord' or 'My Lord' in English. It is commonly used when speaking directly to God, a respected authority figure, or a master.
Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G3745
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective
Sounds like: OH-sah
Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things
Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AHN
Translations: if, ever, might, would, should
Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.
G1166
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DEEK-sees
Translations: you may show, you might show, you will show, you show
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to show,' 'to point out,' 'to make known,' or 'to demonstrate.' It is often used to indicate the act of revealing something or making it visible. For example, one might 'show' a path, 'show' a sign, or 'show' mercy. It can also imply teaching or explaining something.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΕΝΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ
Etymology: The word ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deik-, meaning 'to show' or 'to point.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of pointing or demonstrating.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G1214
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: day-LOH-sehs
Translations: revelation, manifestation, declaration, a revelation, a manifestation, a declaration
Notes: This word refers to the act of making something clear, visible, or known. It signifies a revelation, a manifestation, or a declaration of something previously hidden or unclear. It is often used in contexts where divine truths or hidden matters are brought to light.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΨΙΣ, ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣΙΣ
G3155
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MA-teen
Translations: in vain, without cause, for nothing, uselessly, to no purpose
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'in vain' or 'to no purpose'. It describes an action or effort that yields no positive result or is done without a valid reason. It can be used to emphasize the futility or pointlessness of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΕΝΩΣ, ΕΙΚΗ
Etymology: From an obsolete root meaning 'to be foolish' or 'to be empty'. It signifies a state of emptiness or futility.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-so-my
Translations: I will be, I shall be
Notes: This word is the first person singular future indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It signifies a future state of existence or condition for the speaker. It is used to express what someone will be or become.
Inflection: First person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent)
Etymology: The verb ΕἸΜΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es- meaning 'to be'. It is a fundamental verb in many Indo-European languages.
G3708
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: eh-oh-RAH-koss
Translations: having seen, having perceived, having looked, having observed
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning it describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate that the subject has already performed the action of seeing or perceiving.
Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TAH
Translations: them, these things, it, the same
Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun/adjective 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ' (autos). In this form, it functions as a neuter plural pronoun, meaning 'them' or 'these things', referring to inanimate objects or concepts. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'the same'. It typically serves as the subject or direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΙΝΑ
G3539
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: noh-OHN
Translations: understanding, perceiving, thinking, one who understands, one who perceives
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'νοέω', meaning 'to perceive, understand, or think'. As a participle, it functions both as a verb, indicating an ongoing action, and as an adjective, describing a quality or state. It refers to someone who is actively engaged in the process of understanding, perceiving, or thinking.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΙΩΝ, ΦΡΟΝΩΝ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ
Etymology: The verb νοέω (noéō) comes from νοῦς (noûs), meaning 'mind, intellect, understanding'.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G5615
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: oh-SAH-tooce
Translations: likewise, in like manner, similarly, even so
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'likewise' or 'in the same way'. It is used to indicate that something is done or happens in a similar manner to what has just been mentioned. It can connect ideas or actions that share a common characteristic or method.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΙΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΩΣ
Etymology: From the conjunction ΩΣ (as) and the pronoun ΑΥΤΟΣ (self, same). It literally means 'as the same' or 'in the same way'.
G3850
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-ra-bo-LAS
Translations: parables, proverbs, allegories, comparisons, illustrations, of parables, of proverbs, of allegories, of comparisons, of illustrations
Notes: This word refers to a parable, proverb, or allegory, often used as a comparison or illustration to convey a moral or spiritual truth. It is a compound word formed from 'para' (beside) and 'ballo' (to throw), literally meaning 'a placing beside' or 'a comparison'. In the provided context, it is used in the plural to refer to multiple such sayings or stories.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative or Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΙΜΙΑ, ΕΙΚΩΝ, ΑΙΝΙΓΜΑ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek παραβολή (parabolḗ, “a comparison, parable”), from παραβάλλω (parabállō, “to compare, to place beside”), from παρά (pará, “beside”) + βάλλω (bállō, “to throw”).
G2980
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: lah-LEE-sees
Translations: speak, talk, say
Notes: This word means to speak, talk, or say. It refers to the act of uttering words or sounds, often in conversation or to convey a message. It can be used in various contexts, such as speaking to someone, speaking about something, or making a declaration.
Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, 2nd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ, ΕΡΩ
G1955
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-LOO-sees
Translations: you explain, you interpret, you solve, you untie
Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'you explain' or 'you interpret'. It is used when someone is asking for clarification or understanding of something, such as a parable or a difficult concept. It can also mean to untie or solve a problem.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΕΞΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΑΦΕΩ, ΛΥΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OW-tas
Translations: them, themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun meaning 'them' or 'themselves'. It is used to refer to a group of feminine nouns or persons in the accusative case, indicating that they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can function as a simple pronoun or as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the subjects themselves.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΦΑΣ, ΣΦΕΑΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek pronoun that has been in use since classical times, referring to 'self' or 'same', and developing into a general third-person pronoun.
G0191
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-kay-KO-ohs
Translations: having heard, having listened, having understood
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, indicating a completed action of hearing or listening. It describes someone who has already performed the act of hearing and is now in a state resulting from that action. It can be used to introduce a clause that explains the circumstances or cause of a subsequent action, often translated as 'when he had heard' or 'because he had heard'.
Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΥΣΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕἸΔΩΣ
Etymology: The word ἀκούω (akouō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₂kowh₂- 'to hear', which is also the source of Latin audire 'to hear'.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: pah-RAH
Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Personal Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: of you, your, yours
Notes: ΣΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the second-person personal pronoun 'you'. It indicates possession or relationship, similar to 'your' or 'of you' in English. It can be used to show that something belongs to the person being addressed, or to indicate the object of certain prepositions or verbs that take the genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, All genders
G3825
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAH-lin
Translations: again, back, anew, once more, on the other hand, moreover, in turn
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'back'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a contrasting idea, similar to 'on the other hand' or 'moreover'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΥΘΙΣ, ΕΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (to turn, revolve). It refers to a turning back or repetition.
G611
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-KREE-thay
Translations: answered, replied
Notes: This word means 'he/she/it answered' or 'he/she/it replied'. It is used to indicate a response given by a person or entity to a question, statement, or situation. It is a common verb in narratives where dialogue or reactions are described.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΠΕΝ, ΛΕΓΩ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GOHN
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.
G3739
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction
Sounds like: HOS
Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when
Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FEE-see
Translations: he says, she says, it says
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone or something is saying in the present tense. For example, 'he says that...' or 'it says in the book...'.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ
G1401
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOO-los
Translations: servant, a servant, slave, a slave, bondservant, a bondservant
Notes: The word "δούλος" (doulos) refers to a servant, slave, or bondservant. In ancient Greek society, a δούλος was typically someone who was the property of another, lacking personal rights and serving their master. However, in a religious context, it can also denote a devoted servant of God, emphasizing willing submission and loyalty rather than forced servitude.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative
Synonyms: ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word "δούλος" is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is thought to be related to the concept of being bound or enslaved.
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-khee
Translations: may have, might have, should have, may hold, might hold, should hold, may possess, might possess, should possess
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have,' 'to hold,' or 'to possess.' It is commonly used to express possession, a state of being, or to indicate a condition. As a subjunctive form, it often appears in clauses expressing possibility, desire, or purpose, frequently translated with 'may,' 'might,' or 'should.'
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-on
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner
Notes: This word means 'Lord,' 'master,' or 'owner.' It is frequently used in ancient Greek texts, including the New Testament, to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or to a human master or owner. As an accusative singular form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, indicating 'the Lord' or 'a Lord' as the recipient of an action.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO
Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.
Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G2588
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-DEE-ah
Translations: heart, a heart, mind, inner self, center
Notes: This word refers to the physical organ, the heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the inner person, the seat of thoughts, emotions, will, and moral character. It can represent the mind, soul, or the core of one's being. It is often used metaphorically to describe the center of something, like the 'heart of the sea'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΝΟΥΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'heart'.
G0155
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ai-TEH-ee-ai
Translations: requests, petitions, demands
Notes: This word refers to a request or petition, something asked for or demanded. It is typically used in the context of making a formal or earnest appeal, often to a higher authority or to God. It can also imply a demand or a claim.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΕΉΣΕΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΑΊ, ἘΡΩΤΉΜΑΤΑ
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: pa-RAH
Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a
Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.
G4907
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soo-NEH-sin
Translations: understanding, intelligence, discernment, an understanding, an intelligence, a discernment
Notes: This word refers to the faculty of understanding, intelligence, or discernment. It denotes the ability to comprehend, perceive, and make sense of information or situations. It is often used in contexts related to wisdom, insight, and the capacity for sound judgment.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΦΡΟΝΗΣΙΣ
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: lam-BAH-neh
Translations: he takes, she takes, it takes, he receives, she receives, it receives, he gets, she gets, it gets, he obtains, she obtains, it obtains
Notes: This word means to take, receive, or get something. It can refer to physically taking an object, receiving a gift or information, or obtaining something through effort. It is used in sentences to describe an action performed by a single person or thing.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PA-san
Translations: all, every, whole, an entire
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of something. For example, it can be used to say 'all people' or 'every house'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G1955
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pi-LOO-ee
Translations: he unties, she unties, it unties, he solves, she solves, it solves, he explains, she explains, it explains, he interprets, she interprets, it interprets
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to untie, loosen, solve, explain, or interpret. It is often used in the context of resolving a difficult problem, explaining a riddle, or interpreting a dream or prophecy. It implies making something clear or understandable.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΛΥΩ, ΕΞΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΑΦΕΩ
G1110
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: gno-STA
Translations: known, things known, a known thing
Notes: This word describes something that is known, familiar, or understood. It refers to something that has been perceived, recognized, or made evident. It can be used to describe facts, people, or concepts that are within one's knowledge.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ, ΔΗΛΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ comes from the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. It is related to the concept of knowledge and understanding.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: GHEE-non-tai
Translations: they become, they happen, they come to pass, they are, they arise, they are made
Notes: This is a common verb meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a process of change or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or transitioning into a new state. It can also simply mean 'to be' in certain contexts, especially when referring to events or situations.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΦΥΟΜΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G4487
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: RHE-ma-ta
Translations: words, sayings, things, matters, deeds
Notes: This word refers to spoken or written words, sayings, or utterances. It can also refer to the 'things' or 'matters' that are spoken about, or even the 'deeds' that result from words. It is used broadly to encompass both the linguistic expression and the content or subject matter of that expression.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΙ, ΕΠΗ, ΦΩΝΑΙ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master
Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun
Sounds like: leh-GOH-meh-nah
Translations: things said, what is said, sayings, words, commands
Notes: This word is the neuter plural passive participle of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It refers to 'things being said' or 'what is said'. Depending on the context, it can denote words, statements, or even commands that have been uttered or are in the process of being spoken.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΑ, ΛΟΓΟΙ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3850
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-ra-bo-LOHN
Translations: of parables
Notes: This word refers to a comparison, a proverb, or a parable. In the New Testament, it often denotes a short, illustrative story used to convey a moral or spiritual lesson. It is a compound word formed from 'para' (beside) and 'ballo' (to throw), suggesting something thrown alongside for comparison.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΙΝΙΓΜΑ, ΠΑΡΟΙΜΙΑ
G3745
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective
Sounds like: OH-soy
Translations: as many as, all who, whoever, how many
Notes: This word functions as a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'all who'. It introduces a relative clause and refers to a quantity or number of people or things. It is used to connect a dependent clause to a main clause, specifying the extent or number of the antecedent.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ὅς (hos, 'this, that') and the suffix -σος (-sos), indicating quantity or degree. It is related to other words indicating quantity or extent.
G0900
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: BLEE-khroy
Translations: feeble, weak, worthless, useless, a feeble one, a weak one, a worthless one, a useless one
Notes: This word describes something or someone as feeble, weak, or worthless. It can refer to a lack of strength, power, or value. It is often used to describe things that are ineffective or of no account.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΣΘΕΝΗΣ, ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΑΧΡΕΙΟΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be derived from a root meaning 'to be soft' or 'to be weak'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-see
Translations: they are
Notes: This word is the third person plural present indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to state existence or to link a subject to a predicate, indicating what the subject is or what quality it possesses. For example, 'they are good' or 'they are people'.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Indicative
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΥΣΙΝ, ΓΙΝΟΝΤΑΙ
G0692
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AR-goy
Translations: idle, lazy, useless, inactive, a useless thing, an inactive thing
Notes: This word describes something or someone as idle, lazy, or inactive. It can also refer to something that is useless or ineffective. It is often used to describe a person who is not working or a thing that is not serving its purpose. In the provided examples, it describes stones that are 'unworked' or 'rough' (inactive/unprocessed) and also potentially a place name 'Argos' (though the context suggests the adjective is more likely in the third example).
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural; or Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΚΑΡΠΟΣ, ΑΝΕΝΕΡΓΗΤΟΣ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G1783
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: en-TEF-xin
Translations: petition, a petition, prayer, an appeal, intercession, an interview, a meeting
Notes: This word refers to a petition, an appeal, or a prayer, often implying a direct approach or meeting with someone in authority to make a request. It can also signify an interview or a meeting. It is used in contexts where one is making a formal or earnest request, often to God or to a ruler.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΕΗΣΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΗ, ΑΙΤΗΜΑ
G1565
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAY-noy
Translations: those, they, them
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'those' or 'they'. It points to something or someone at a distance, distinguishing them from others. As a pronoun, it can stand alone to mean 'those ones' or 'they'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'those [nouns]'.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΙ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΙ
G1365
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dis-TAH-zo-sin
Translations: they doubt, they waver, they hesitate
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to doubt,' 'to waver,' or 'to hesitate.' It describes a state of uncertainty or indecision, often implying a lack of faith or conviction. It is used to describe actions where individuals are unsure about a course of action or a belief.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΜΦΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΠΟΡΕΩ
Etymology: From Greek διστάζω (distazō), meaning 'to doubt,' 'to waver,' literally 'to stand in two ways.' It is formed from δίς (dis), meaning 'twice,' and στάζω (stazō), meaning 'to drop' or 'to stand' (related to ἵστημι, histēmi, 'to stand').
G0154
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ai-TEES-thai
Translations: to ask, to request, to demand, to beg
Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'αἰτέω'. It means 'to ask for oneself', 'to request', or 'to demand'. It implies seeking something for one's own benefit or with a sense of entitlement, and can also be used in a more general sense of asking or begging.
Inflection: Present, Infinitive, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ἘΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ
Etymology: The word αἰτέω is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to seek' or 'to desire'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir
Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.
G4184
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: po-ly-yoo-PLANGKH-nos
Translations: very compassionate, full of pity, very merciful
Notes: This is a compound adjective meaning 'very compassionate' or 'full of pity'. It describes someone who has deep feelings of mercy and kindness towards others. It is used to emphasize an abundance of compassion or mercy, often attributed to God.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΥΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΟΣ, ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΩΝ, ΕΛΕΗΜΩΝ
Etymology: This word is a compound of three elements: 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'; 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good'; and 'σπλάγχνον' (splagchnon), referring to the 'inward parts' or 'bowels', which were considered the seat of emotions, especially compassion. Thus, it literally means 'having much good in the inward parts' or 'very well-boweled', conveying deep compassion.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-see
Translations: (to) all, (for) all, (to) every, (for) every, (to) the whole, (for) the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. As a dative plural form, it typically signifies 'to all' or 'for all', indicating the recipients or beneficiaries of an action.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΣΙ, ΟΛΟΙΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G0154
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ai-too-MEH-nois
Translations: (to) those asking, (to) those requesting, (to) those begging
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'αἰτέω' (aiteō), meaning 'to ask' or 'to request'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing someone who is in the act of asking or requesting. In this form, it refers to 'those who are asking' or 'those who are requesting', often implying a continuous or ongoing action.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Dative Case, Plural Number, Masculine or Neuter Gender
Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΖΗΤΕΩ
G88
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ah-dee-ah-LEIP-tohs
Translations: unceasingly, continually, without ceasing, incessantly
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'without interruption' or 'continually'. It describes an action that is done constantly or without pause. It is often used to emphasize the persistence or regularity of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΠΑΝΤΟΣ, ΔΙΑΠΕΤΩΣ, ΑΕΙ
Etymology: The word ἀδιαλείπτως (adialeiptos) is derived from the adjective ἀδιάλειπτος (adialeiptos), which means 'uninterrupted' or 'incessant'. This adjective is formed from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not', and διάλειπτος (dialeiptos), meaning 'interrupted' or 'left between', which comes from the verb διαλείπω (dialeipō), meaning 'to leave a space between' or 'to intermit'.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DIH-doh-see
Translations: gives, he gives, she gives, it gives
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to give' or 'to grant'. It is used to describe the action of someone providing something to another person or entity. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He gives a gift' or 'God gives grace'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΔΩΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun meaning 'you' (singular). It is used when addressing a single person directly, typically as the subject of a sentence. It can also be used emphatically to highlight the person being addressed.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Second Person
Etymology: The word 'ΣΥ' is an ancient Greek pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been consistently used throughout various stages of the Greek language to refer to the second person singular.
G1743
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-de-dee-na-MOH-me-nos
Translations: strengthened, empowered, enabled
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'ἐν' (in) and 'δυναμόω' (to strengthen). It means to be strengthened, empowered, or enabled, often implying an inner or spiritual strengthening. It describes someone who has been given power or ability, usually by an external source, to accomplish something.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΑΙΌΩ, ΡΏΝΝΥΜΙ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G0040
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-GEE-oo
Translations: of holy, of a holy one, of a saint
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. In its genitive form, as seen here, it often translates to 'of holy' or 'of a holy one/saint', indicating possession or origin. It can refer to things, places, or people that are set apart for God or dedicated to a divine purpose.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ
G0032
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ANG-geh-loo
Translations: of an angel, of a messenger, of a divine messenger, of a human messenger
Notes: This word refers to a messenger, envoy, or one who brings tidings. In a religious context, it often refers to a divine messenger, an angel. It can also refer to a human messenger or representative. This form is the genitive singular, indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΞ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: ee-LAY-fohs
Translations: having taken, having received, having gotten, who has taken, who has received, who has gotten
Notes: This word is the perfect active participle of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed in the past and has ongoing results. It can be translated as 'having taken' or 'having received', often implying a state resulting from that action. For example, 'the one having received' or 'he who has taken'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΚΤΩΜΑΙ
Etymology: The root verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to grasp' or 'to take'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and has cognates in other Indo-European languages.
G5108
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toy-OW-teen
Translations: such, such a, of such a kind
Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective used to describe something of the kind or quality just mentioned or about to be mentioned. It functions similarly to 'this kind of' or 'that kind of'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣΔΕ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, a being
Notes: This word is the masculine, singular, nominative form of the present participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'who/which is'. It is used to describe someone or something that exists or is in a particular state, often functioning like a relative pronoun and verb combined.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Present Participle
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G0692
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AR-gos
Translations: idle, lazy, useless, unprofitable, inactive, barren, a barren
Notes: This word describes something or someone as idle, lazy, or inactive. It can also refer to something that is useless, unprofitable, or barren. It is often used to describe a person who is not working or producing, or a thing that serves no purpose. It is a compound word, formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (not) and 'ἔργον' (work), literally meaning 'without work'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΡΓΕΩ, ἈΚΑΡΠΟΣ, ἈΠΡΑΚΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΡΓΟΣ is a compound of the negative prefix 'α-' (alpha privative, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'ἔργον' (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. Thus, it literally means 'without work' or 'inactive'.
G1223, G5101
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: dee-ah-TEE
Translations: why, wherefore, on account of what
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the interrogative pronoun τί (ti), meaning 'what'. It is used to ask for the reason or cause of something, functioning as 'why' or 'wherefore' in English. It can introduce a direct or indirect question.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΟΥΤΟ, ΔΙΟ
G0154
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ahee-TEH
Translations: ask, request, beg, demand, pray
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to ask' or 'to request'. It can be used in various contexts, such as asking for something from a person, requesting a favor, or even begging. It is often used in the sense of making a petition or a prayer.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active
Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word αἰτέω (aiteō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to grasp' or 'to reach for'.
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: lam-BAH-nees
Translations: you take, you receive, you get, you seize, you grasp, you accept, you obtain
Notes: This word means to take, receive, or grasp something. It can be used in various contexts, such as taking an object, receiving a gift, or grasping an idea. It implies an action of acquiring or apprehending.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: EKH-ohn
Translations: having, holding, possessing, being in possession of
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding something. It can be translated as 'having' or 'one who has', and often introduces a clause explaining what someone possesses or is doing.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ
Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a wide range of meanings related to possession, state, and action.
G4571
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SEH
Translations: you
Notes: ΣΕ is the accusative singular form of the second-person pronoun, meaning 'you' when it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It indicates the person to whom an action is done or directed.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the accusative form of the second-person singular pronoun.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: meth
Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with
Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).
G0318
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-NAHG-kay
Translations: necessity, a necessity, need, distress, compulsion
Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or a partial word. Based on the provided context "ἈΑΝ ΓΚΗΝ ἘΧΩ", it is highly probable that it is a typo for the word "ἀνάγκην" (anagkēn), which is the accusative singular form of "ἀνάγκη" (anagkē). "Ἀνάγκη" refers to a state of necessity, compulsion, or distress. It is often used to describe something that must be done or a difficult situation.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine (if referring to ἀνάγκην)
Synonyms: ΧΡΕΙΑ, ΑΝΑΓΚΑΙΟΝ
Etymology: From ἀνά (aná, "up, again") + ἄγκη (ánkē, "a bend, a curve"). The original sense might relate to a binding or constraint.
G0318
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-ang-KAYN
Translations: necessity, a necessity, compulsion, distress, need, constraint
Notes: This word is a feminine noun meaning 'necessity' or 'compulsion'. It refers to a state of being forced or constrained, either by circumstances, fate, or a strong obligation. It can also denote distress or need. It is often used to describe something that must happen or be done.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΙΑ, ΧΡΕΙΑ, ΑΝΑΓΚΑΙΟΝ
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-oh
Translations: have, hold, possess, keep, be able, be in a state of
Notes: This word means "to have" or "to hold." It is a very common verb used to express possession, to describe a state or condition, or to indicate that one is holding something. It can also be used in a broader sense to mean "to be able" or "to be in a certain state."
Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood
Synonyms: ΚΤΆΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΈΧΩ, ἜΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- 'to hold, to have'. It is cognate with Latin 'habeo' (to have) and English 'seek'.
G1166
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DEEK-noo-eis
Translations: you show, you point out, you make known, you demonstrate
Notes: This word means to show, point out, make known, or demonstrate something. It is used when one person is revealing or presenting information or an object to another. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'you show me the way' or 'you demonstrate your power'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΕΙΣΩ, ΕΝΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΙΝΩ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-nah-tah
Translations: all things, everything
Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. In this form, it translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is commonly used to refer to the entirety of something or a collection of items without specifying their gender.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
G2980
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: lah-LEHSS
Translations: you speak, you are speaking, you say, you are saying
Notes: This word is the second person singular present active indicative form of the verb ΛΑΛΕΩ. It means 'to speak', 'to talk', or 'to say'. It often refers to the act of uttering sounds or words, sometimes implying a more informal or chattering kind of speech, or simply to communicate verbally. It can be used in sentences like 'You speak the truth' or 'You are talking loudly'.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to
Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOO
Translations: (of) me, my
Notes: This is the genitive case of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It indicates possession or origin, functioning similarly to 'of me' or 'my' in English. It is used to show that something belongs to the speaker or comes from the speaker.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, First Person
Synonyms: ΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the first-person singular pronoun, indicating the speaker.
G0840
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-ter
Translations: without, apart from
Notes: This word is a preposition that means 'without' or 'apart from'. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case, indicating separation or absence. For example, 'without God' or 'apart from you'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΙΣ, ἈΝΕΥ
Etymology: The etymology of ἈΤΕΡ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the negative particle 'a-' (alpha privative) and a root meaning 'to separate' or 'to be apart'.
G991
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EB-lep-on
Translations: they were seeing, they were looking, they were observing, they were perceiving
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'βλέπω' (blepō), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. It describes an ongoing action of seeing or observing in the past. It can be used to indicate physical sight, but also to mean perceiving, understanding, or paying attention to something. For example, 'they were looking at the lights' or 'they were observing the situation'.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-KOO-on
Translations: I was hearing, I heard, they were hearing, they heard
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'to hear'. The imperfect tense describes an action that was ongoing, repeated, or habitual in the past. It can also describe the beginning of an action or an action that was attempted. Depending on the context, it can mean 'I was hearing' or 'they were hearing', or simply 'I heard' or 'they heard' if the continuous aspect is not emphasized.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural
G2065
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-ROH-tohn
Translations: they were asking, they used to ask, they were questioning, they used to question, they were requesting, they used to request
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb ἐρωτάω (erōtaō), meaning 'to ask', 'to question', or 'to request'. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing, repeated, or continuous action in the past. So, 'they were asking' or 'they used to ask' are common translations, implying a sustained action rather than a single completed one.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ
G1213
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: day-LOH-thay
Translations: it was made clear, it was shown, it was revealed, it was declared, it was made known
Notes: This word is the 3rd person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'δηλόω' (dēloō). It means that something was made clear, shown, revealed, declared, or made known by someone or something else. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject of the verb was the recipient of the action.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΩ
Etymology: The verb 'δηλόω' (dēloō) comes from the adjective 'δῆλος' (dēlos), meaning 'clear' or 'evident'. It describes the act of making something clear or manifest.
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