Ignatius’ Letter to the Smyrnaeans Chapter 4, Interlinear version from Ignatius of Antioch (Beta)

Ignatius’ Letter to the Smyrnaeans, Chapter 4

Interlinear version from Ignatius of Antioch (Beta)

4:1

ΤΑΥΤΑ
- TAUTA
- these
ΔΕ
- DE
- but
ΠΑΡΑΙΝΩ
- PARAINŌ
- I-exhort
ΥΜΙΝ
- YMIN
- to-you
ἈΓΑΠΗΤΟΙ
- AGAPĒTOI
- beloved-ones
ΕἸΔΩΣ
- EIDŌS
- knowing
ΟΤΙ
- OTI
- that
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- also
ΥΜΕΙΣ
- YMEIS
- you
ΟΥΤΩΣ
- OUTŌS
- thus
ἘΧΕΤΕ
- ECHETE
- have
ΠΡΟΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ
- PROPHYLASSŌ
- I-guard-against
ΔΕ
- DE
- but
ΥΜΑΣ
- YMAS
- you
ἈΠΟ
- APO
- from
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- the
ΘΗΡΙΩΝ
- THĒRIŌN
- wild-beasts
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- the
ἈΝΘΡΩΠΟΜΟΡΦΩΝ
- ANTHRŌPOMORPHŌN
- human-shaped
ΟΥΣ
- OUS
- whom
ΟΥ̓
- OU
- not
ΜΟΝΟΝ
- MONON
- only
ΔΕΙ
- DEI
- it-is-necessary
ΥΜΑΣ
- YMAS
- you
ΜΗ
- MĒ
- not
ΠΑΡΑΔΕΧΕΣΘΑΙ
- PARADECHESTHAI
- to-receive
ἈΛΛ
- ALL
- but
ΕἸ
- EI
- if
ΔΥΝΑΤΟΝ
- DYNATON
- possible
ΜΗΔΕ
- MĒDE
- nor
ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΝ
- SYNANTAN
- to-meet
ΜΟΝΟΝ
- MONON
- only
ΔΕ
- DE
- but
ΠΡΟΕΥΧΕΣΘΕ
- PROEUCHESTHE
- pray
ΥΠΕΡ
- YPER
- for
ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ
- AUTŌN
- them
ἘΑΝ
- EAN
- if
ΠΩΣ
- PŌS
- somehow
ΜΕΤΑΜΟΗΣΩΣΙΝ
- METAMOĒSŌSIN
- they-might-change-their-mind
ΟΠΕΡ
- OPER
- which
ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΝ
- DYSKOLON
- difficult
ΤΟΥΤΟΥ
- TOUTOU
- of-this
ΔΕ
- DE
- but
ἘΧΕΙ
- ECHEI
- has
ἘΞΟΥΣΙΑΝ
- EXOUSIAN
- authority
ἸΗΣΟΥΣ
- IĒSOUS
- Jesus
ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ
- CHRISTOS
- Anointed-One
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ἈΛΗΘΙΝΟΝ
- ALĒTHINON
- true
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- of-us
ΖΗΝ
- ZĒN
- to-live

4:2

ΕἸ
- EI
- if
ΓΑΡ
- GAR
- for
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΔΟΚΕΙΝ
- DOKEIN
- to-seem
ΤΑΥΤΑ
- TAUTA
- these-things
ἘΠΡΑΧΘΗ
- EPRACHTHĒ
- were-done
ΥΠΟ
- YPO
- by
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΚΥΡΙΟΥ
- KYRIOU
- of-Lord
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- our
ΚἈΓΩ
- KAGŌ
- and-I
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΔΟΚΕΙΝ
- DOKEIN
- to-seem
ΔΕΔΕΜΑΙ
- DEDEMAI
- I-have-been-bound
ΤΙ
- TI
- why
ΔΕ
- DE
- but
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- also
ΕΑΥΤΟΝ
- EAUTON
- myself
ἘΚΔΟΤΟΝ
- EKDOTON
- given-up
ΔΕΔΩΚΑ
- DEDŌKA
- I-have-given
ΤΩ
- TŌ
- to-the
ΘΑΝΑΤΩ
- THANATŌ
- to-death
ΠΡΟΣ
- PROS
- to
ΠΥΡ
- PYR
- fire
ΠΡΟΣ
- PROS
- to
ΜΑΧΑΙΡΑΝ
- MACHAIRAN
- [a] sword
ΠΡΟΣ
- PROS
- to
ΘΗΡΙΑ
- THĒRIA
- wild-beasts
ἈΛΛ
- ALL
- but
ἘΓΓΥΣ
- EGGYS
- near
ΜΑΧΑΙΡΑΣ
- MACHAIRAS
- of-sword
ἘΓΓΥΣ
- EGGYS
- near
ΘΕΟΥ
- THEOU
- God
ΜΟΝΟΝ
- MONON
- only
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΤΩ
- TŌ
- the
ὈΝΟΜΑΤΙ
- ONOMATI
- name
ἸΗΣΟΥ
- IĒSOU
- Jesus
ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ
- CHRISTOU
- Anointed-One
ΕἸΣ
- EIS
- for
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΣΥΜΠΑΘΕΙΝ
- SYMPATHEIN
- to-suffer-with
ΑΥ̓ΤΩ
- AUTŌ
- him
ΠΑΝΤΑ
- PANTA
- all-things
ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ
- YPOMENŌ
- I-endure
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ
- AUTOU
- his
ΜΕ
- ME
- me
ἘΝΔΥΝΑΜΟΥΝΤΟΣ
- ENDYNAMOUNTOS
- strengthening
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΤΕΛΕΙΟΥ
- TELEIOU
- perfect
ἈΝΘΡΩΠΟΥ
- ANTHRŌPOU
- man

G1161

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3867

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-RAI-noh

Translations: exhort, advise, admonish, warn, recommend, urge

Notes: This verb means to exhort, advise, or admonish someone. It implies giving counsel or warning, often with a sense of urging or encouraging a particular course of action. It can be used in contexts where one person is giving guidance or instruction to another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΝΟΥΘΕΤΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παραίνω (parainō), from παρά (para, "beside, by") + αἰνέω (ainéō, "to praise, approve"). The sense evolved from 'to praise alongside' to 'to advise, exhort'.

G0027

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-gah-pay-TOY

Translations: beloved, dear, a beloved one, a dear one

Notes: This word describes someone who is loved or dear. It is often used to address someone affectionately, like 'my beloved' or 'dear friends'. It can also refer to a specific person who is highly esteemed or cherished. In the provided examples, it appears in the plural, referring to 'your beloved ones' or 'your dear ones'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΙ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'Ἀγαπητός' (agapetos) is derived from the verb 'ἀγαπάω' (agapaō), meaning 'to love'. It signifies someone who is loved or worthy of love.

G1492

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ay-DOHS

Translations: knowing, one who knows, he who knows

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'to know'. It describes someone who is in a state of knowing or has knowledge. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who knows').

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ἘΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb οἶδα (oida) is an ancient Greek verb meaning 'to know'. It is a perfect tense form that functions as a present tense in meaning, indicating a state of knowing resulting from a past act of seeing or perceiving. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see, to know'.

G3754

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G2532

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G4334

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-foo-LASS-soh

Translations: guard against, protect, beware of, take precautions, keep safe

Notes: This verb means to guard against, protect, or take precautions. It implies a proactive measure to prevent harm or danger. It can be used to warn someone to beware of something or to describe the act of keeping something safe from harm.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular; or Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρό (pró, “before, in front of”) and φυλάσσω (phylássō, “to guard, watch”).

G3440

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G1163

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb

Sounds like: DEH-ee

Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.

G3361

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G3858

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-DE-khes-thai

Translations: to receive, to accept, to admit, to approve, to welcome

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'paradéchomai'. It means to receive something, often with a sense of acceptance, approval, or welcome. It can be used in contexts where one takes something into possession, or agrees to something, or admits someone into a place or group.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'para' (παρά), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and 'dechomai' (δέχομαι), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'.

G0243

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G3366

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G4876

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-an-TAN

Translations: to meet, to encounter, to come together, to happen upon

Notes: This word means to meet or encounter someone or something, often implying a coming together or a confrontation. It can be used in various contexts, such as meeting a person, encountering an obstacle, or coming together for a purpose like battle. It is the present active infinitive form of the verb.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΝΤΑΩ, ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From σύν (syn, 'with') and ἀντάω (antaō, 'to meet, to come opposite'). It literally means 'to meet with'.

G4336

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-YOO-khes-theh

Translations: pray beforehand, pray earnestly, pray for, you all pray beforehand

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'πρό' (before) and 'εὔχομαι' (to pray). It means to pray in advance, to pray earnestly, or to pray for someone or something. It is used to describe the act of engaging in prayer with a specific focus on preparation or intensity. In this form, it is a command directed at a group of people.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Imperative, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ

G5228

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G1437

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G3754

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-per

Translations: the very thing which, which, whatsoever, as, just as

Notes: ΟΠΕΡ is an intensive relative pronoun, meaning 'the very thing which' or 'whatsoever'. It is used to emphasize the preceding noun or idea, often functioning as a stronger form of 'which' or 'what'. It can introduce a clause that specifies or elaborates on something already mentioned, or it can indicate a cause or reason.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: Ο, ΟΣ, ΟΣΠΕΡ

Etymology: ΟΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'who, which, what', and the enclitic particle περ (per), which adds emphasis or intensity, often translated as 'just, even, indeed'.

G1418

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: DYS-ko-lon

Translations: difficult, hard, troublesome, a difficult thing

Notes: This word means difficult, hard, or troublesome. It describes something that is not easy to do, understand, or deal with. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ΔΥΣ- (dys-), meaning 'bad' or 'difficult', and ΚΟΛΟΣ (kolos), meaning 'food' or 'fodder', though in this context it relates to 'cutting' or 'hindering'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΧΑΛΕΠΟΣ, ΒΑΡΥΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ΔΥΣ- (dys-), meaning 'bad', 'hard', or 'difficult', and ΚΟΛΟΣ (kolos), which is related to 'cutting' or 'hindering', implying something that is hard to cut through or overcome.

G1849

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ex-oo-SEE-an

Translations: authority, power, right, a right, jurisdiction, a jurisdiction, liberty, a liberty

Notes: This word refers to the right or power to do something, often implying delegated authority or freedom to act. It can describe official power, the ability to act, or even the freedom to choose.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἔξεστι (exesti), meaning 'it is lawful' or 'it is permitted'. It denotes the state of being free to act, hence authority or power.

G2424

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, transliterated from the Hebrew name Yeshua or Yehoshua. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus Christ, or to Joshua, the successor of Moses in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The Koine Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It is also related to the shorter form יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua).

G5547

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: khree-STOSS

Translations: Christ, Anointed One, Messiah, a Christ, an Anointed One

Notes: This word refers to the 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. In the New Testament, it is predominantly used as a title for Jesus, identifying him as the promised Messiah. It can also be used more generally to refer to anyone who has been anointed, such as a king or priest.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ

Etymology: From the Koine Greek verb χρίω (chriō), meaning 'to anoint'. The noun form refers to someone who has been anointed, typically for a special office or purpose.

G3588

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1063

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G1380

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-KEIN

Translations: to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose, to be thought, to be esteemed

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It is commonly used to express the idea of something appearing to be true, or someone thinking or supposing something. It can be used impersonally (it seems) or with a subject and infinitive construction (someone seems to do something). It often conveys a sense of subjective perception or opinion rather than objective fact.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'δοκέω' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive, be fitting'. It is related to words signifying 'opinion' or 'appearance'.

G4238

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-RAKH-thay

Translations: it was done, it was accomplished, it was performed, it was carried out

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do,' 'to accomplish,' or 'to perform.' It indicates an action that was completed in the past, where the subject of the verb is the recipient of the action, not the doer. It is used to describe something that happened or was brought about.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΊΝΟΜΑΙ, ΤΕΛΈΩ, ΠΟΙΈΩ

G5259

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G3588, G3778

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2962

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO

Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master

Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.

G1210

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DEH-deh-mai

Translations: I have been bound, I am bound, I have been tied, I am tied

Notes: This is the first person singular perfect passive indicative form of the verb δέω (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. The perfect tense indicates an action completed in the past with continuing results in the present. Therefore, 'I have been bound' implies that the state of being bound continues into the present, or 'I am bound' as a result of a past action. It describes a state of being restrained or imprisoned.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΔΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΕΩ

Etymology: The word δέω (deō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to tie' or 'to bind'.

G5101

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G1627

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ek-DOH-ton

Translations: delivered up, given up, betrayed, exposed, handed over

Notes: This word describes something or someone that has been delivered or handed over, often to an enemy or to danger. It can also imply being betrayed or exposed. It is derived from the verb 'εκδιδωμι' which means 'to give out' or 'to hand over'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΔΟΤΟΣ, ΔΕΔΟΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἔκδοτος (ekdotos) is derived from the verb ἐκδίδωμι (ekdidōmi), which is a compound of ἐκ (ek, meaning 'out of' or 'from') and δίδωμι (didōmi, meaning 'to give'). Thus, it literally means 'given out' or 'handed over'.

G1325

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-DOH-kah

Translations: I have given, I gave

Notes: ΔΕΔΩΚΑ is the first person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, meaning 'to give'. The perfect tense in Koine Greek describes an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It indicates that the act of giving has been completed, and its effects are still relevant.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the concept of 'giving'. It is a reduplicated form, characteristic of the perfect tense in Greek.

G4314

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G1451

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective, Preposition

Sounds like: eng-GYS

Translations: near, close, at hand, nigh

Notes: This word indicates proximity, either in terms of physical distance (near, close) or temporal closeness (at hand, imminent). It is often used to describe something that is about to happen or is very close in time. It can function adverbially, modifying a verb, or adjectivally, describing a noun, and sometimes as a preposition taking the genitive case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΠΑΡΩΝ

Etymology: The etymology of ἘΓΓΥΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the root for 'hand' or 'reach', suggesting something within reach.

G1722

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G5547

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khri-STOO

Translations: of Christ, of the Anointed One, of the Messiah

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It refers to the one chosen and consecrated by God, particularly Jesus. As a genitive case, 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ' indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It can be used to describe something that pertains to Christ or is from Christ.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ

G1519

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G4834

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-pa-THEIN

Translations: to sympathize, to suffer with, to feel with

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to suffer with' or 'to feel with' someone. It describes the act of sharing in the feelings or experiences of another, often implying compassion or empathy. It is used to express solidarity or understanding of another's pain or joy.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΔΥΝΩ, ΣΥΝΘΛΙΒΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΠΑΘΕΩ (patheō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'.

G0846

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G5278

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-MEH-noh

Translations: endure, persevere, remain, bear up, wait patiently

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπό' (under) and 'μένω' (to remain). It means to remain under, to endure, or to persevere, often in the face of difficulties or trials. It implies steadfastness and patience, continuing to hold one's ground or maintain one's faith despite opposition or hardship. It can also mean to wait patiently for something or someone.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, “under”) + μένω (ménō, “to remain, stay”). The combination signifies remaining steadfast or enduring beneath a burden or circumstance.

This interlinear database is in beta

That means it's a preview of what we're still building, and it will contain mistakes. The green text translations were initially generated from Google Gemini 2.5, and are undergoing manual editing and correction over time.

If you're using it for anything important, it is your responsibility to double-check the accuracy.

Please report any errors.

2001 Translation

Chapters

Verses

Display Mode

Typeface

CamelCase names

Text Subheadings

Illustrations

God’s Name Circumlocutions

Name of God’s Son

Menu

Texts