Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Pseudo Clement of Rome / Clement’s Second Letter / Chapter 19Clement’s Second Letter, Chapter 19
Interlinear version from Pseudo Clement of Rome (Beta)
G5620
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: HOH-steh
Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOY
Translations: brothers, fellow believers, kinsmen, countrymen
Notes: This word refers to brothers by birth, but it can also be used more broadly to refer to male relatives, fellow countrymen, or, in a spiritual sense, fellow believers in a community. It is a plural form of the word for 'brother'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΙ, ΟΜΟΓΕΝΕΙΣ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FAI
Translations: sisters
Notes: This word refers to female siblings or, more broadly, to female members of a community or group who share a common bond, such as fellow believers in a religious context. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is used in sentences to refer to multiple women who are sisters by birth or by association.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΔΕΛΦΟΤΗΤΕΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix 'ἀ-' (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and 'δελφύς' (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb', referring to siblings. It is related to the concept of shared origin or community.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-ON
Translations: God, a God
Notes: This word refers to God, a god, or a deity. It is used as the direct object in a sentence, indicating the recipient of an action or the one being referred to. For example, one might 'worship God' (where 'God' would be in the accusative case).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G225
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-lay-THAY-ahs
Translations: of truth, of reality, of sincerity, of verity
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being true, real, or sincere. It is often used to describe facts, reality, or moral uprightness. In a sentence, it typically functions as a possessive or descriptive element, indicating that something belongs to or is characterized by truth.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ
G0314
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-gi-NOH-skoh
Translations: read, recognize, know again, discern
Notes: This verb means 'to read' or 'to recognize'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and 'γινώσκω' (ginosko), meaning 'to know'. Therefore, it literally means 'to know again' or 'to know up', which evolved to mean 'to read' (to recognize written characters) or 'to discern'. It can be used in sentences like 'He reads the book' or 'They recognized the sign'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb γινώσκω (ginosko), meaning 'to know'. The combination suggests 'to know again' or 'to know thoroughly', which led to the meaning of 'to read' (to recognize written symbols).
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEEN
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is a second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (plural). It is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative
G1783
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: en-TEF-xin
Translations: petition, a petition, prayer, an appeal, intercession, an interview, a meeting
Notes: This word refers to a petition, an appeal, or a prayer, often implying a direct approach or meeting with someone in authority to make a request. It can also signify an interview or a meeting. It is used in contexts where one is making a formal or earnest request, often to God or to a ruler.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΕΗΣΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΗ, ΑΙΤΗΜΑ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G4337
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-EKH-ayn
Translations: to pay attention, to give heed, to attend to, to beware, to apply oneself, to hold to
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb προσέχω. It means to direct one's mind or attention towards something, often implying caution, diligence, or adherence. It can be used to mean 'to pay attention to', 'to be careful', 'to beware of', 'to apply oneself to', or 'to hold to' a teaching or person. It often takes a dative object or a prepositional phrase.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΕΧΩ
Etymology: The word προσέχω is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to hold towards' or 'to have towards', which developed into the sense of directing one's attention or mind towards something.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G1125
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: geh-GRAH-meh-noys
Translations: (to) written, (to) those who have been written, (to) things written
Notes: This word is the dative plural perfect passive participle of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It refers to something that has been written or to those who have been written about. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, often referring to 'the things written' or 'those who have been written'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΗ
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G1438
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ow-TOOS
Translations: themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'themselves'. It is used to refer back to the subject of the sentence or clause, indicating that the action is performed by the subject upon itself. For example, 'they save themselves'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
G4982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: SOH-see-teh
Translations: save, rescue, preserve, heal, make whole
Notes: This word means to save, rescue, or deliver someone or something from danger, harm, or destruction. It can also mean to heal or make whole, especially in a spiritual sense. It is often used in contexts of divine salvation or physical preservation. For example, it might be used to say 'you may save' or 'you might rescue'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΣΩΤΗΡΙΑ
G0314
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-nah-gih-NOH-skon-tah
Translations: reading, a reader, those who read
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'to read' or 'to recognize'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in the act of reading or recognizing something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, often referring to 'the one who reads' or 'those who read'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΝΩΣΤΗΣ, ΑΝΑΓΝΩΣΙΣ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3406
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MIS-thon
Translations: wage, wages, reward, pay, a wage, a reward
Notes: This word refers to a payment for work or service rendered, often translated as 'wage' or 'reward'. It can also refer to the recompense or outcome of actions, whether good or bad. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΨΩΝΙΟΝ, ΜΙΣΘΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΑ, ΑΝΤΙΜΙΣΘΙΑ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G0154
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ahee-TEH-oh
Translations: ask, beg, demand, request
Notes: This verb means to ask, request, or demand something. It often implies asking for something that is due or deserved, or a persistent and earnest request. It can be used in various contexts, such as asking God for something, or a person asking another for a favor or an object.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΖΗΤΕΩ
Etymology: The word Αἰτέω (aiteō) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to ask' or 'to seek'.
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G3340
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-tah-no-EH-sai
Translations: to repent, to change one's mind, to feel remorse, to turn from sin
Notes: This word signifies a change of mind, often implying a turning away from past conduct, especially sin, and a turning towards God. It involves a deep regret for past actions and a decision to alter one's behavior and direction in life. It is used to describe the act of repenting or changing one's perspective and actions.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΟΜΑΙ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ex
Translations: out of, from, of, by, with
Notes: ἘΞ is a preposition that signifies origin, separation, or source. It always governs the genitive case. It can denote movement 'out of' a place, 'from' a point in time or a source, 'of' a material or composition, or 'by' an agent. It often implies a complete separation or a clear point of departure.
Inflection: Does not inflect; always takes the genitive case.
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin ex and English out.
G3650
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: OH-leess
Translations: of whole, of all, of entire
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'whole,' 'all,' or 'entire.' It describes something as complete or undivided. In the provided examples, it is used in phrases like 'from all your heart,' indicating a complete and undivided commitment or feeling.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G2588
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-DEE-as
Translations: of heart, of a heart, of mind, of soul, of inner self, of conscience, of courage, of will
Notes: This word refers to the physical heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of one's being, including thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used to denote the inner person, the seat of spiritual and moral life. For example, it can refer to the core of one's beliefs or the source of one's intentions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΝΟΥΣ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ
G4991
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: so-tay-REE-an
Translations: salvation, deliverance, preservation, safety, a salvation
Notes: This word refers to salvation, deliverance, or preservation. It is often used in a spiritual sense to denote deliverance from sin and its consequences, but can also refer to physical safety or rescue. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΑΣΩΣΙΣ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ah-TOYS
Translations: (to) themselves, (for) themselves, themselves, (among) themselves
Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'they gave to themselves' or 'they saw themselves'. It emphasizes that the subject is both the actor and the recipient of the action.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'ἑός' (heos, 'his own') and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self').
G2222
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ZOH-ayn
Translations: life, a life
Notes: This word refers to life, existence, or vitality. It is a feminine noun and is often used to describe physical life, but can also refer to spiritual or eternal life depending on the context. It is used in sentences to denote the state of being alive or the duration of one's existence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΙΟΣ
Etymology: From a primary root meaning 'to live'. It is related to the verb ζάω (zaō), meaning 'to live'.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DI-don-tas
Translations: giving, to give, by giving, who gives
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It describes an action of giving that is ongoing or habitual. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, indicating the manner or means by which something is done. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the one giving' or 'by giving'.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Accusative Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΔΩΡΕΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: poy-EE-san-tes
Translations: having made, having done, making, doing, performing, creating
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to make' or 'to do'. It describes an action that has been completed by the subject, often preceding or accompanying the action of the main verb in a sentence. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb by indicating the action performed.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΝΤΕΣ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΙ, ΤΕΛΕΣΑΝΤΕΣ
G4649
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sko-PON
Translations: target, a target, goal, a goal, mark, a mark, aim, an aim
Notes: This word refers to a mark or object on which one fixes their eye, often as a target to shoot at, or a goal to strive for. It can be used literally, like an archery target, or figuratively, as an objective or purpose in life.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΚΟΠΕΛΟΣ, ΣΚΟΠΙΑ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sin
Translations: to all, for all, with all, by all, in all
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness, often modifying a noun to show that something applies to every member of a group or every part of a whole. In this dative plural form, it typically translates as 'to all', 'for all', 'with all', or 'in all', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3501
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: NEH-oys
Translations: (to) new, (to) young, (to) young men, (to) youths
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'new' or 'young'. It is used here in the dative plural form, indicating 'to or for new ones' or 'to or for young ones'. When used as a noun, it refers to 'young men' or 'youths'. It describes a state of being recent, fresh, or in an early stage of life.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΝΟΙΣ, ΝΕΩΤΕΡΟΙΣ
G5087
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: thay-SOH-men
Translations: we will put, we will place, we will lay, we will set
Notes: This is a verb in the future tense, indicating an action that will happen. It means 'we will put' or 'we will place' something. It can be used to describe the act of setting down an object, appointing someone to a position, or establishing a rule or law.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, First Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΟΜΕΝ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΕΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (to put, place). It is related to other words meaning 'to set' or 'to place' in various Indo-European languages.
G1014
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: boo-LOH-meh-noys
Translations: to those wishing, to those desiring, to those intending, for those wishing, for those desiring, for those intending
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βούλομαι', meaning 'to wish' or 'to desire'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in the act of wishing or desiring. In this form, it refers to 'those who are wishing' or 'those who are desiring', often implying a purpose or intention. It is used to indicate the recipients or beneficiaries of an action, or the group to whom something applies, because they possess the characteristic of wishing or desiring.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Dative Case, Plural Number, Masculine or Neuter Gender
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΥΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: From the root *bol-, meaning 'to throw, to cast', related to the idea of 'casting one's mind' or 'deliberating'. It is connected to the concept of deliberate intention or purpose.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G2150
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-SEB-eh-yan
Translations: piety, godliness, devotion, a piety, a godliness
Notes: This word refers to piety, godliness, or devotion, particularly in the context of reverence towards God or the gods. It describes a proper attitude and conduct towards the divine, often encompassing moral uprightness and religious observance. It is used to describe the quality of being devout or reverent.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΕΥ̓ΛΑΒΕΙΑ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ
G5544
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khray-STOH-tay-tah
Translations: goodness, kindness, uprightness, a goodness, a kindness, an uprightness
Notes: This word refers to moral goodness, kindness, or uprightness. It describes a quality of character that is beneficial and benevolent, often implying a gentle and agreeable disposition. It can be used to describe actions or a general state of being.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΩΣΥΝΗ, ΚΑΛΟΣΥΝΗ
Etymology: This word is derived from the adjective ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ (chrēstos), meaning 'useful, good, kind'. It is related to the verb χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G5389
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fee-loh-po-NEH-in
Translations: to be diligent, to be industrious, to work hard, to love labor, to be zealous
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to love labor or to be diligent. It describes the act of applying oneself with earnestness and effort to a task, indicating a strong work ethic or dedication. It can be used in contexts where someone is encouraged to work hard or to be zealous in their endeavors.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΣΠΟΥΔΑΖΩ, ΚΟΠΙΑΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΟΠΟΝΕΩ is a compound of two Greek words: ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and ΠΟΝΟΣ (ponos), meaning 'toil' or 'labor'. Thus, it literally means 'to love labor' or 'to be fond of work'.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G0003
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ah-AY-dohss
Translations: unpleasantly, reluctantly, unwillingly, with displeasure
Notes: This word describes an action or state that is done or experienced with a feeling of displeasure, reluctance, or unwillingness. It indicates an aversion or a lack of enjoyment towards something. For example, one might do something 'unwillingly' or 'with displeasure'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΥΣΧΕΡΩΣ, ἈΠΡΟΘΥΜΩΣ
Etymology: The word ἀηδῶς (aēdōs) is derived from the adjective ἀηδής (aēdēs), meaning 'unpleasant' or 'disagreeable'. It is formed by adding the adverbial suffix -ως (-ōs) to the adjective stem.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-oh-men
Translations: we may have, let us have, we should have, we might have
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. In this form, it is a subjunctive, which indicates a potential action, a wish, a command, or a purpose. It is used when expressing what 'we' might or should have, or as an exhortation for 'us' to have something.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Present, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΕΘΑ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΘΑ
G0023
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-gah-NAK-toh-men
Translations: we are indignant, we are vexed, we are annoyed, we are displeased
Notes: This word describes the state of being greatly displeased, indignant, or vexed. It implies a strong emotional reaction, often one of anger or annoyance, due to something perceived as unjust, offensive, or frustrating. It is used to express a feeling of being bothered or irritated by a situation or action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Subjunctive, First Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΟΡΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΛΥΠΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΥΣΑΡΕΣΤΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From ἀγανός (aganos, 'very, much') and ἄχθομαι (achthomai, 'to be grieved, burdened'). It literally means 'to be much grieved' or 'to be much burdened'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G0078
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-SOH-foy
Translations: foolish, unwise, a foolish person, an unwise person
Notes: This word describes someone who lacks wisdom or understanding, often implying a lack of moral discernment or spiritual insight. It is used to characterize individuals or actions that are not guided by sound judgment. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-) meaning 'not' and 'σοφός' (sophos) meaning 'wise'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ἈΝΟΗΤΟΣ, ἈΦΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word is derived from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', combined with 'σοφός' (sophos), meaning 'wise'. Thus, it literally means 'not wise' or 'unwise'.
G3752
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-tan
Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that
Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mas
Translations: us
Notes: This word is the first-person plural pronoun 'we' in the accusative case. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'us'. For example, 'He saw us' or 'They spoke to us'.
Inflection: First-person, Plural, Accusative
G3559
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: noo-the-TEH
Translations: admonition, instruction, warning, counsel
Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or an unusual inflection of the noun 'ΝΟΥΘΕΤΗΣΙΣ' (nouthetēsis), which means admonition, instruction, or warning. It refers to the act of giving counsel or advice, often with a corrective or cautionary tone. It is used to describe the process of guiding someone through teaching or warning.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Dative, Feminine (likely a misspelling or variant of ΝΟΥΘΕΤΗΣΕΩΣ or ΝΟΥΘΕΤΗΣΕΙ)
Synonyms: ΠΑΙΔΕΙΑ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ, ΕΠΙΠΛΗΞΙΣ
G1994
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-STREF-ay
Translations: turn, return, turn back, convert, be converted, turn around, turn oneself
Notes: This word means to turn, return, or convert. It can describe a physical turning movement, or a metaphorical turning, such as turning back from a wrong path or converting to a new belief or way of life. It is often used in the context of repentance or a change of direction.
Inflection: Present, Subjunctive, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ, ΑΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G0093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: Ah-dee-KEE-as
Translations: (of) unrighteousness, (of) injustice, (of) wickedness, (of) wrong
Notes: This word refers to the quality or act of being unjust or unrighteous. It describes a state of moral wrongness, a violation of divine or human law, or a specific act of injustice. It is often used to denote a lack of conformity to God's standards of righteousness.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΝΟΜΙΑ, ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ, ἈΣΕΒΕΙΑ
G1343
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dih-kah-yoh-SOO-neen
Translations: righteousness, justice, a righteousness
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being righteous or just. It describes a state of moral uprightness, integrity, and conformity to divine or moral law. It is often used in the context of God's character or the standard of conduct expected of believers.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΤΗΣ, ΑΡΕΤΗ, ΑΓΙΟΣΥΝΗ
Etymology: The word δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosynē) is derived from the adjective δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. It is formed by adding the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which denotes a state, condition, or quality.
G1729
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-NEE-oh-teh
Translations: sometimes, at times, occasionally
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'sometimes' or 'at times'. It is used to indicate that an action or event occurs on occasion, but not always. It can be placed in various positions within a sentence to modify a verb or a clause, indicating the frequency of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕ, ΕΚΑΣΤΟΤΕ
Etymology: From the Greek words 'ἐν' (en, 'in') and 'ὅτε' (hote, 'when'), meaning 'in when' or 'at some time'.
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: po-NEE-rah
Translations: evil, wicked, bad, harmful, malicious, an evil thing
Notes: This word describes something or someone as evil, wicked, or harmful. It can refer to moral depravity, physical badness, or something that causes trouble or pain. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. In the provided examples, it describes 'counsel' (βουλευομενος) as evil and 'things' (implied) that one should not see as evil.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative; or Neuter, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ
Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ' comes from 'πόνος' (ponos), meaning 'toil, labor, pain'. It originally referred to something that caused toil or pain, and later evolved to mean 'evil' or 'wicked' in a moral sense.
G4238
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: PRAH-son-tes
Translations: doing, practicing, performing, accomplishing, those who are doing, those who are practicing
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'doing', 'practicing', or 'performing'. It describes an ongoing action or state of doing something. It is often used to refer to 'those who are doing' or 'those who are practicing' a particular action.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative Plural
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΙ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, perhaps related to the idea of 'passing through' or 'passing over', leading to the sense of 'accomplishing' or 'doing'.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: gih-NOH-skoh-men
Translations: we know, we understand, we perceive, we recognize
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to know', 'to understand', 'to perceive', or 'to recognize'. It is used to express knowledge or acquaintance with a person, fact, or concept. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'we know him' or 'we understand the truth'.
Inflection: Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice, First Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G1375
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dip-sy-KHEE-an
Translations: double-mindedness, doubt, indecision, hesitation
Notes: This word refers to a state of having two minds or being divided in one's thoughts, loyalties, or intentions. It describes a lack of single-mindedness or resolve, often implying wavering faith or uncertainty. It is a compound word, formed from 'δύο' (two) and 'ψυχή' (soul or mind).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΜΦΙΒΟΛΙΑ, ΑΠΙΣΤΙΑ
Etymology: The word διψυχία (dipsychia) is a compound noun derived from δύο (dyo), meaning 'two', and ψυχή (psychē), meaning 'soul' or 'mind'. It literally means 'two-souled' or 'double-minded'.
G0570
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-pis-TEE-ah
Translations: unbelief, a lack of faith, faithlessness, distrust
Notes: This word refers to a state of unbelief, a lack of faith, or faithlessness. It describes the condition of not trusting or not having confidence in something or someone. It can also imply distrust or a refusal to believe.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΕΙΑ, ΔΥΣΠΙΣΤΙΑ
G1763
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: eh-NOO-san
Translations: being in, inherent, present, existing in
Notes: This word is the feminine accusative singular form of the present active participle of the verb 'ἔνειμι' (eneimi), meaning 'to be in', 'to be present', or 'to exist within'. It describes something that is inherent, indwelling, or present within another entity, often functioning adjectivally to modify a feminine noun in the accusative case.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΥΣΑΝ, ΠΑΡΟΥΣΑΝ
Etymology: The word ἔνειμι (eneimi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in', and the verb εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be'.
G4749
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STEE-the-sin
Translations: (to) breasts, (in) breasts, (on) breasts, (to) chest, (in) chest, (on) chest
Notes: This word refers to the chest or breast, the front part of the body between the neck and the abdomen. It is used here in its plural dative form, indicating a location or direction, such as 'to the chests/breasts,' 'in the chests/breasts,' or 'on the chests/breasts.'
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΘΩΡΑΞ, ΚΟΛΠΟΣ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G4652
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: es-ko-TIS-me-tha
Translations: we were darkened, we have been darkened, we became dark
Notes: This word describes the state of being darkened or made dark. It is often used metaphorically to refer to a spiritual or intellectual darkening, such as a loss of understanding or a state of moral blindness. It is a compound word, formed from the root 'σκοτός' (darkness) and the verb suffix '-ίζω' (to make or cause to be).
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ἈΜΑΥΡΟΩ, ΣΚΟΤΟΩ
G1271
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-AH-noy-ahn
Translations: mind, understanding, a mind, an understanding, thought, purpose, a thought, a purpose
Notes: This word refers to the faculty of understanding, the intellect, or the mind. It can also denote a thought, purpose, or intention. It describes the inner working of one's mental processes and can be used to speak of one's way of thinking or disposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΝΟΥΣ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ, ΕΝΘΥΜΗΣΙΣ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G1939
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-ee-thoo-mee-OHN
Translations: of desires, of lusts, of cravings, of longings
Notes: This word refers to strong desires, cravings, or longings, which can be either good or bad depending on the context. It is often used to describe human passions or appetites. In the provided examples, it refers to the desires that reason or self-control can master.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΡΕΞΕΩΝ, ΠΑΘΩΝ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ (epithymia) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'towards,' and ΘΥΜΟΣ (thymos), meaning 'passion' or 'spirit.' It denotes a strong inclination or desire directed towards something.
G3152
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: mah-TAH-ee-ohn
Translations: of vain things, of worthless things, of empty things, of futile things, of useless things
Notes: This word describes things that are empty, useless, worthless, or without purpose. It refers to something that lacks substance or value, often implying a sense of futility or pointlessness. It can be used to describe actions, beliefs, or objects that are ultimately unproductive or meaningless.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΕΝΟΣ, ΑΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΑΝΩΦΕΛΗΣ
G4238
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PRAX-oh-men
Translations: let us do, that we may do, we may do, let us make, that we may make, we may make, let us perform, that we may perform, we may perform, let us practice, that we may practice, we may practice
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to do, make, perform, or practice. It is used to express an action or activity. In this form, it indicates a subjunctive mood, often used for exhortations, purposes, or possibilities, specifically for 'we' (first person plural).
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G1343
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-kah-ee-oh-SY-neen
Translations: righteousness, justice, a righteousness
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being morally right or just. It encompasses the concepts of uprightness, integrity, and conformity to divine or moral law. It is often used in a theological context to describe God's character or the state of being right with God.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΡΕΤΗ, ΕΥΣΕΒΕΙΑ
Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just', combined with the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which forms abstract nouns. It denotes the state or quality of being righteous.
G5056
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEH-los
Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty
Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ
Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.
G4982
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: so-THOH-men
Translations: that we may be saved, let us be saved, that we may be delivered, let us be delivered
Notes: This word means 'that we may be saved' or 'let us be saved'. It is the first person plural, aorist passive subjunctive form of the verb 'σῴζω' (sōzō), which means 'to save', 'to deliver', or 'to preserve'. It is used to express a purpose, a wish, or an exhortation, indicating an action that is desired or intended to happen to the subject.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΣΩΤΗΡΙΑ
Etymology: The word σῴζω (sōzō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *sow- meaning 'to save, to protect'. It is related to Sanskrit 'tavīti' (he is strong) and Latin 'sōspes' (safe, sound).
G3107
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ma-KA-ri-oy
Translations: blessed, happy, fortunate
Notes: This word describes someone who is in a state of spiritual well-being, divinely favored, or supremely fortunate. It is often used to describe those who receive God's favor or are in a state of inner contentment and joy, regardless of external circumstances. It can be used to describe individuals or groups.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ, ΟΛΒΙΟΣ, ΕΥΤΥΧΗΣ
G5124
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toys
Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ
G5219
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: hoo-pah-KOO-on-tes
Translations: obeying, listening, heeding
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'obeying' or 'listening to'. It describes an ongoing action of submission or attentiveness. It is often used to describe someone who is compliant with commands or instructions.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΚΟΥΟΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The word ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ (hypakouō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'in response to', and the verb ΑΚΟΥΩ (akouō), meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. Thus, it literally means 'to hear under' or 'to listen in response to', leading to the sense of obeying.
G4368
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-TAG-ma-sin
Translations: commands, ordinances, decrees, precepts
Notes: This word refers to commands, ordinances, or decrees, often implying an authoritative order or instruction. It is typically used in a context where a superior authority issues directives that are to be followed. In the provided examples, it refers to the commands of the Lord or the king.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΟΛΑΙ, ΔΟΓΜΑΤΑ, ΝΟΜΟΙ
G2532, G0302
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: KAN
Translations: even if, although, and if, even though, if, though
Notes: ΚἈΝ is a compound word, formed by the contraction of the conjunction ΚΑΙ (and, also, even) and the particle ἈΝ (a conditional or potential particle). It is used to introduce a conditional clause, often with a concessive sense, meaning 'even if' or 'although'. It can also simply mean 'and if' or 'if' in certain contexts, indicating a hypothetical situation.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕἸ ΚΑΙ, ΚΑΙΠΕΡ
G3641
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: o-LI-gon
Translations: little, a little, few, a few, small, a small amount, short, a short time, briefly
Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'little' or 'few', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'briefly'. As an adjective, it describes a small quantity or number of something. As an adverb, it indicates a small degree or duration of an action. It is often used to denote scarcity or brevity.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)
Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ
Etymology: The word ὈΛΙΓΟΣ (oligos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'small' or 'scanty'.
G5550
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHRO-non
Translations: time, a time, period, a period
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, a duration, or a specific point in time. It is used to denote the extent or length of an event or situation. For example, it can refer to a long time, a short time, or a particular season.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ
G2553
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-koh-pah-thay-SO-sin
Translations: suffer hardship, endure affliction, be afflicted, suffer evil, suffer trouble
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to suffer hardship' or 'to endure affliction'. It describes the act of experiencing difficulties, troubles, or evil. It is often used to describe the trials and tribulations faced by individuals, particularly in a context of perseverance or endurance.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΘΛΙΒΩ, ΠΑΣΧΩ, ΚΑΚΟΥΧΕΩ
G3588
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G2889
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOH-smoh
Translations: to the world, for the world, to an adornment, for an adornment, to an order, for an order
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'κόσμος' (kosmos). It refers to an orderly arrangement, an adornment, or the world itself, often implying the created universe or humanity. In its dative form, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the world, order, or adornment, depending on the context. It can also be used to indicate location or instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'κόσμος' (kosmos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to order, to adorn'. It originally referred to order or arrangement, particularly in military or governmental contexts, and later came to mean 'adornment' or 'decoration'. From there, it evolved to describe the ordered universe, and by extension, the world.
G3778
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G0100
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-THA-nah-ton
Translations: immortal, deathless, undying
Notes: This word describes something that is not subject to death or decay, possessing eternal life. It is often used to refer to God or divine beings, or to the concept of the soul's immortality. It can be used to describe a quality or state of being that is everlasting.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΙΩΝΙΟΣ, ΑΦΘΑΡΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'θάνατος' (thanatos, meaning 'death'). Thus, it literally means 'without death' or 'deathless'.
G0386
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-nah-STA-seh-ohs
Translations: of resurrection, a resurrection, resurrection
Notes: This word refers to a 'standing up again' or 'rising up,' most commonly used in the context of a resurrection from the dead. It can also refer to a general uprising or a restoration to a former state. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΡΣΙΣ, ΑΝΑΒΑΣΙΣ
G2590
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-PON
Translations: fruit, a fruit, produce, crop, result, profit
Notes: This word refers to the fruit or produce of plants, trees, or the earth. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the result, outcome, or profit of actions or endeavors. In the provided examples, it refers to the literal fruit of plants.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΜΑ, ΕΚΒΑΣΙΣ, ΑΠΟΒΑΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΡΠΟΣ (karpos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or related to a root meaning 'to pluck' or 'to gather'.
G5167
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: troo-gay-SOO-sin
Translations: they will gather, they will harvest, they will pick
Notes: This word means 'they will gather' or 'they will harvest'. It refers to the act of collecting crops, fruits, or other produce, and is used here in the future tense, indicating an action that will happen.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΛΛΕΞΟΥΣΙΝ, ΘΕΡΙΣΟΥΣΙΝ
Etymology: The word ΤΡΥΓΑΩ (trygaō) comes from τρύγη (trygē), meaning 'harvest' or 'vintage'.
G3076
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: loo-PEY-sthoh
Translations: let him be grieved, let him be sorrowful, let him suffer grief
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be grieved, sorrowful, or to suffer pain. It is used in the passive voice, indicating that the subject is the one experiencing the grief or sorrow. As an imperative, it functions as a command or exhortation for someone to be in a state of grief or sorrow.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Passive, Imperative
Synonyms: ΠΕΝΘΕΩ, ΣΤΕΝΑΖΩ
G3588
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G2152
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-SEH-bays
Translations: pious, devout, godly, righteous
Notes: This word describes someone who is pious, devout, or godly. It refers to a person who shows reverence and respect towards God or the gods, and lives a life in accordance with divine will or religious principles. It can be used to describe individuals who are morally upright and dedicated to their faith.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine; or Singular, Nominative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΛΑΒΗΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΣΕΒΗΣ is a compound word derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ̓- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and the verb ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ (sebomai), meaning 'to worship' or 'to revere'. Thus, it literally means 'well-worshipping' or 'rightly revering'.
G1437
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ
Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.
G1909
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G3568
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NOON
Translations: now, at present, at this time
Notes: ΝΥΝ is an adverb meaning 'now' or 'at present'. It refers to the current moment in time. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a conclusion in a discourse, indicating a shift to the present situation or a logical consequence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now'. It is cognate with Latin nunc and English 'now'.
G5550
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHROH-nos
Translations: time, a time, period, season, age
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, whether a specific duration, a season, or a general era. It can denote chronological time, a specific point in time, or a duration. It is often used to describe the passage of time or a particular interval.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ
Etymology: From an unknown root. It refers to a period of time, often contrasted with 'kairos' which refers to a specific, opportune time.
G1565
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAY-nos
Translations: that, that one, he, she, it, those, they
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. As a pronoun, it refers to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, often emphasizing distance or distinction from the speaker or listener. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating 'that' specific noun. It is used to point out something or someone 'over there' or 'the one previously mentioned', contrasting with 'this' (οὗτος).
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From ἐκεῖ (ekeî, 'there'). It refers to something or someone at a distance, contrasting with οὗτος (hoûtos, 'this one, here').
G0507
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AN-oh
Translations: up, above, upward, up to, on high, heaven
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating direction or location. It means 'up', 'upward', or 'above', often referring to a higher place or position, including heaven. It can be used to describe movement towards a higher point or simply being located in a higher place.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΝΩΘΕΝ, ἘΠΑΝΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *an- 'on, upon'. It is related to other Greek words indicating upward movement or position.
G3962
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-TEH-rohn
Translations: of fathers, of parents, of ancestors
Notes: This word refers to the male parent or ancestor. In its genitive plural form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to fathers' or 'from fathers'. It can be used to refer to physical fathers, but also to forefathers, ancestors, or even spiritual fathers.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΠΑΤΟΡΕΣ, ΓΟΝΕΙΣ
G0326
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-bee-OH-sas
Translations: having come to life again, having revived, having lived again
Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb ἀναβιόω (anabioō), meaning 'to live again' or 'to revive'. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and βιόω (bioō), meaning 'to live'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, indicating that the subject has experienced a return to life or a revival.
Inflection: Participle, Aorist, Active, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΣΤΑΝΤΑΣ, ΖΩΣΑΣ
Etymology: The word ἀναβιόω (anabioō) is derived from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb βιόω (bioō), meaning 'to live'. It signifies a return to life or a renewed existence.
G2165
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-frahn-THEH-seh-tai
Translations: will rejoice, will be glad, will make merry
Notes: This word means to rejoice, be glad, or make merry. It describes a state of future happiness or celebration. It is often used in a context where someone will experience joy or delight.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΩ, ἈΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ
G0530
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-LOO-pee-ton
Translations: without grief, free from sorrow, unsorrowing, a thing without grief
Notes: This adjective describes something or someone that is free from grief, sorrow, or pain. It indicates a state of being untroubled or unburdened by sadness. It can be used to describe a person, a state of mind, or an experience.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ἈΛΥΠΟΣ, ἈΛΥΠΩΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the privative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'λυπητός' (lypētos), which means 'grieved' or 'sorrowful'. Thus, it literally means 'not grieved' or 'without sorrow'.
G0165
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahee-OH-nah
Translations: age, an age, the age, eternity, the world
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, which can be a specific age or an indefinite duration, even eternity. It can also refer to the world or the present order of things. Its meaning often depends on the context, sometimes indicating a finite period and other times an unending one.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ
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