Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Tischendorf's Greek New Testament / 1 Peter / Chapter 51 Peter, Chapter 5
Interlinear version from Tischendorf's Greek New Testament (Beta)
G4245
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pres-by-TEH-roos
Translations: elders, old men, presbyters
Notes: This word refers to older men, often those who hold positions of authority, leadership, or respect within a community or religious group. In a Christian context, it can specifically refer to church leaders or presbyters. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating that the elders are the direct object of an action.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΑΙ
Etymology: From πρέσβυς (presbys, “old, elder”), which is related to πρό (pro, “before”) and possibly to βῆμα (bēma, “step, pace”). It originally referred to an older person and later to an ambassador or delegate, and then to an elder or leader.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEEN
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is a second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (plural). It is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative
G3870
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PA-ra-ka-LOH
Translations: I call to, I invite, I comfort, I encourage, I appeal, I beg, I entreat
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to call alongside' or 'to call to one's aid'. Depending on the context, it can mean to comfort, encourage, exhort, appeal to, or entreat someone. It is often used to describe the act of providing solace or urging someone to action.
Inflection: First person singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΛΗΤΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G4850
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soom-pres-BYOO-teh-ros
Translations: fellow elder, a fellow elder
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'πρεσβύτερος' (presbyteros), meaning 'elder'. It refers to someone who is an elder alongside other elders, emphasizing a shared role or status. It is used to describe a co-elder or a colleague in the position of an elder.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3144
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MAR-toos
Translations: witness, a witness, martyr, a martyr
Notes: This word refers to a witness, someone who gives testimony or evidence, often in a legal or judicial context. In later Christian usage, it also came to mean a 'martyr,' someone who bears witness to their faith by suffering death. It can be used to describe a person who has seen or heard something and can provide an account of it, or someone who attests to the truth of something.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΟΝ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΜΑΡΤΥΣ comes from an ancient root meaning 'to remember' or 'to be mindful of,' which evolved to mean 'to bear witness' or 'to testify.'
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G5547
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khri-STOO
Translations: of Christ, of the Anointed One, of the Messiah
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It refers to the one chosen and consecrated by God, particularly Jesus. As a genitive case, 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ' indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It can be used to describe something that pertains to Christ or is from Christ.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ
G3804
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-THEE-ma-TON
Translations: of sufferings, of passions, of afflictions, of experiences
Notes: This word refers to experiences, particularly those that are painful or difficult, such as sufferings, afflictions, or passions. It can also denote an emotional state or an event that one undergoes. It is often used in contexts describing hardship or trials.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΕΩΝ, ΚΑΚΩΝ, ΠΟΝΩΝ
Etymology: From the verb πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It refers to that which is experienced or undergone.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G3195
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: MEL-loo-sees
Translations: of being about to, of intending, of going to, of being destined
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'μέλλω', which means 'to be about to', 'to intend', or 'to be destined to'. As a genitive feminine singular participle, it describes something that is 'of' or 'belonging to' a female entity or a feminine concept that is on the verge of happening or is intended to happen. It often indicates future action or a state of readiness.
Inflection: Participle, Present, Active, Genitive, Feminine, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΟΥ, ΠΡΟΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΥ
G601
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-ka-LYP-thes-thai
Translations: to reveal, to uncover, to disclose, to make known
Notes: This word means to reveal, uncover, or disclose something that was previously hidden or unknown. It is often used in a spiritual or prophetic context, referring to the unveiling of divine truths or future events. It can also be used more generally to describe the act of making something visible or apparent.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ
G1391
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOX-ays
Translations: of glory, of honor, of praise, of splendor, of majesty, of reputation
Notes: This word refers to glory, honor, praise, or splendor. It is used to describe the inherent greatness or magnificent nature of someone or something, often God. It can also refer to a good reputation or high standing. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of glory' or 'belonging to glory'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗΣ, ΚΛΕΟΥΣ, ΕΥΦΗΜΙΑΣ
G2844
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: koy-no-NOS
Translations: partner, a partner, companion, a companion, associate, a associate, sharer, a sharer, partaker, a partaker
Notes: This word refers to someone who shares in something with another, a partner, or a companion. It describes a person who has a common interest, activity, or possession with someone else. It can be used to describe a business partner, a friend who shares experiences, or someone who participates in a common endeavor.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ΜΕΤΟΧΟΣ
Etymology: From κοινός (koinos, "common") and ὤν (ōn, "being"), literally meaning "one who is in common with".
G4165
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-MAH-nah-teh
Translations: shepherd, tend, rule, govern
Notes: This word means to act as a shepherd, caring for, guiding, and protecting a flock. Metaphorically, it refers to leading and caring for people, especially in a spiritual or administrative sense, much like a shepherd cares for sheep. It implies providing guidance, protection, and sustenance.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΒΟΣΚΩ, ΝΕΜΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G4168
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: poym-NEE-on
Translations: flock, a flock, little flock
Notes: This word refers to a group of sheep, a herd, or a fold. Metaphorically, it is often used to describe a group of people, especially a congregation or community, under the care of a leader, such as a pastor or shepherd. It is typically used in the singular to denote a collective group.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΓΕΛΗ, ΠΟΙΜΝΗ
Etymology: The word ΠΟΙΜΝΙΟΝ (poimnion) is a diminutive of the Greek word ποιμήν (poimēn), meaning 'shepherd'. It refers to that which is tended by a shepherd, hence a flock.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G0318
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: an-ag-KAS-tohs
Translations: necessarily, by constraint, unwillingly, compulsorily
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'by necessity' or 'under compulsion'. It describes an action that is not done willingly or freely, but rather out of obligation, force, or unavoidable circumstances. It implies a lack of choice in the performance of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΒΙΑΙΩΣ, ΑΚΟΥΣΙΩΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΝΑΓΚΑΣΤΩΣ is derived from the noun ΑΝΑΓΚΗ (anagkē), meaning 'necessity' or 'compulsion'.
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G1635
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-koo-SEE-ohs
Translations: voluntarily, willingly, of one's own accord, freely
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning "voluntarily" or "willingly." It describes an action that is done by choice, without compulsion or external force. It emphasizes the free will and intention behind an action. For example, one might "willingly" offer help or "voluntarily" undertake a task.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΘΕΛΟΝΤΩΣ, ΑΥΤΟΜΑΤΩΣ, ΠΡΟΘΥΜΩΣ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-ON
Translations: God, a God
Notes: This word refers to God, a god, or a deity. It is used as the direct object in a sentence, indicating the recipient of an action or the one being referred to. For example, one might 'worship God' (where 'God' would be in the accusative case).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G3366
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: MEE-deh
Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not
Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ
Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.
G0095
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ahee-skhro-ker-DOHSS
Translations: for dishonest gain, greedily, dishonestly, shamefully greedy
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'for dishonest gain' or 'greedily'. It describes an action done with a shameful desire for profit. It is a compound word formed from 'αἰσχρός' (aischros), meaning 'shameful' or 'base', and 'κέρδος' (kerdos), meaning 'gain' or 'profit'. It is used to describe actions that are motivated by an improper or unethical pursuit of money or advantage.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝΕΚΤΩΣ, ΦΙΛΑΡΓΥΡΩΣ
G4390
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: pro-THOO-mos
Translations: willingly, eagerly, readily, cheerfully
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'willingly' or 'eagerly'. It describes an action performed with a ready and cheerful disposition, indicating a positive and unhesitating attitude towards something. It is often used to emphasize the enthusiasm with which an action is carried out.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚΟΥΣΙΩΣ, ΕΤΟΙΜΩΣ
G3361, G3366
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: MAYD
Translations: not, lest, neither, nor, not even
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express prohibition, a negative condition, or a negative wish. It often appears in conjunction with other words, such as in the compound word 'μηδέ' (neither, nor, not even) or 'μηδαμῶς' (by no means). It is used with the subjunctive mood to forbid an action or express a negative purpose. It can also indicate a negative consequence or a fear that something might happen.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ, ΟΥΧ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meh₂- (not). It is a primary negative particle, expressing a subjective or conditional negation.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G2634
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-koo-ree-YOO-on-tes
Translations: lording over, dominating, exercising authority over, mastering, subduing
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition "κατά" (kata), meaning "down" or "against," and the verb "κυριεύω" (kyrieuō), meaning "to be lord, to rule, to have power over." As a whole, it means to exercise authority or dominion over someone or something, often with the implication of oppressive or excessive control. It describes the act of lording it over others or holding them in subjection.
Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ, ΔΕΣΠΟΖΩ
Etymology: The verb "κατακυριεύω" is formed from the prefix "κατά" (kata), meaning "down" or "against," and "κυριεύω" (kyrieuō), which derives from "κύριος" (kyrios), meaning "lord" or "master." Thus, it literally means "to lord down upon" or "to master completely."
G2819
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: klay-RON
Translations: of lots, of shares, of portions, of inheritances, of territories, of clergy
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'κλῆρος' (klēros). It refers to things obtained by lot, such as a share, portion, or inheritance, or a territory assigned by lot. In a broader sense, it can also refer to the clergy or a group of people chosen for a specific purpose.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΔΩΝ, ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΙΩΝ
G5179
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TOO-poy
Translations: types, patterns, examples, forms, figures, impressions, marks
Notes: This word refers to a model, pattern, or example that serves as a standard or guide. It can also denote an impression, mark, or a visible representation of something. In a broader sense, it can refer to a prefiguring or foreshadowing of future events or realities.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΔΕΙΓΜΑ, ΠΑΡΑΔΕΙΓΜΑ, ΕΙΚΩΝ
G1096
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ghee-NOH-meh-noy
Translations: becoming, being, happening, coming to pass, existing, arising, appearing, being made, being done, occurring, taking place
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to be,' 'to happen,' or 'to come into being.' It describes an ongoing state of becoming or an action that is currently happening to or by the subject. It can be used to describe someone or something that is in the process of changing, coming into existence, or occurring.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΙΝΑΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ
Etymology: The verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be born,' 'to come into being,' or 'to become.' It is related to words signifying birth and origin.
G4167
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POYM-nee-oo
Translations: of a flock, of a fold, of a herd, of a sheepfold
Notes: This word refers to a flock of sheep or a herd of cattle, or more generally, a fold or sheepfold where such animals are kept. It is used to describe a group of animals under the care of a shepherd or owner. In a metaphorical sense, it can refer to a group of people under the care or leadership of someone, like a congregation under a pastor.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΓΕΛΗ, ΒΟΥΚΟΛΙΟΝ
G5319
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: fah-neh-roh-THEN-tos
Translations: of having been revealed, of having been made manifest, of having appeared
Notes: This word is a participle, indicating a completed action in the past. It describes something that has been made visible, known, or brought into the open. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb, and often implies that the revelation or manifestation has already taken place.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Singular, Genitive
Synonyms: ΔΗΛΩΘΕΝΤΟΣ, ΓΝΩΡΙΣΘΕΝΤΟΣ
G0750
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-khee-POY-meh-nos
Translations: of the chief shepherd, of a chief shepherd
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχι-' (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'ποιμήν' (poimēn), meaning 'shepherd'. Therefore, it refers to a 'chief shepherd' or 'head shepherd'. It is often used in a theological context to refer to Christ.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek prefix ἀρχι- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and the noun ποιμήν (poimēn), meaning 'shepherd'.
G2865
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: koh-mee-EH-stheh
Translations: you will receive, you will obtain, you will carry, you will bring
Notes: This is a verb meaning to receive, obtain, or carry. It is often used in the context of receiving a reward or outcome, or of bringing something to someone. It can also mean to recover or get back something that was lost.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Future, Middle Voice, Indicative
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΤΗΣΟΜΑΙ, ΦΕΡΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G0263
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-mah-RAN-tee-non
Translations: unfading, imperishable, amaranthine, an unfading thing, an imperishable thing
Notes: This word describes something that does not fade, wither, or decay. It implies eternal freshness, beauty, and permanence. It is often used metaphorically to describe things of lasting value or glory, such as a crown or inheritance that will never perish.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ἈΦΘΑΡΤΟΣ, ἈΦΘΙΤΟΣ
G4735
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: steh-FAH-non
Translations: crown, a crown, wreath, a wreath, garland, a garland
Notes: This word refers to a crown, wreath, or garland, typically worn on the head as a symbol of royalty, victory, honor, or festive adornment. It can be made of various materials, such as gold, leaves, or flowers. In a sentence, it would function as a direct object when in the accusative case, indicating the thing being given, worn, or possessed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΔΗΜΑ, ΚΟΡΩΝΙΣ
G3668
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ho-MOY-ohss
Translations: likewise, similarly, in like manner, even so
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'likewise' or 'similarly'. It is used to indicate that something is done in the same way as something else, or that a situation is comparable to one previously mentioned. It can connect clauses or sentences, showing a parallel action or state.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΑΥΤΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΩΣ
G3501
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: neh-oh-TEH-roy
Translations: younger, newer, more recent, a younger, a newer
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'new' or 'young'. It means 'younger' or 'newer', indicating a greater degree of youth or newness compared to something else. It can be used to describe people who are younger in age or things that are more recent in time.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΕΟΙ, ΝΕΩΤΕΡΟΣ
G5293
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-po-TAH-geh-teh
Translations: submit, be subject, obey, subject yourselves, be subject yourselves
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to place under, to subject, or to submit oneself. It is often used in the imperative to command or exhort someone to yield to authority, obey, or be in submission to another person or to God. It implies a voluntary act of aligning oneself under the authority or will of another.
Inflection: Aorist, Imperative, Active, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΕΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ
G4245
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pres-by-TEH-roys
Translations: (to) elders, (to) old men, (to) presbyters
Notes: This word refers to older men, often those who hold positions of authority or leadership within a community, particularly in religious or governmental contexts. It can denote a senior member, an elder, or a presbyter. In the New Testament, it frequently refers to leaders in the early Christian church.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΑΙ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tes
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of a group or quantity, often referring to 'all' members of a set or 'every' single item. It can also mean 'whole' when referring to a single entity.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: HOLOS
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G240
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Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun
Sounds like: al-LAY-loys
Translations: one another, each other, to one another, to each other
Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'one another' or 'each other'. It is used to indicate that an action or relationship is mutual between two or more subjects. For example, 'they spoke to one another' or 'they loved each other'. It is always used in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G5012
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tah-pee-noh-froh-SOO-neen
Translations: humility, a humility, lowliness of mind, humbleness
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being humble or having a lowly mind. It describes a modest and unassuming attitude, often in contrast to pride or arrogance. It is used to encourage believers to adopt a humble disposition towards God and others.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΟΤΗΣ, ΕΥΣΕΒΕΙΑ
G1451
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eng-kom-BO-sas-theh
Translations: clothe yourselves, gird yourselves, put on, tie on
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to tie or gird oneself with something, often referring to clothing or an apron. It implies putting something on in a way that it is securely fastened, like a garment tied around the body. It is used metaphorically to describe putting on a quality or attitude, such as humility, as if it were a piece of clothing.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΣΑΣΘΕ, ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΕΣΘΕ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ἐν- (en-), meaning 'in' or 'on', and κομβόω (kombóō), which means 'to tie' or 'to knot'. The root κομβόω is related to κόμβος (kómbos), meaning 'a knot' or 'a band'.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-os
Translations: God, a God, Lord
Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.
G5244
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-per-ay-PHA-noys
Translations: (to) the proud, (to) the arrogant, (to) the haughty
Notes: This word describes someone who is excessively proud, arrogant, or haughty. It often carries a negative connotation, implying a sense of superiority or disdain for others, and is frequently used in contexts where such pride is contrasted with humility or is seen as an offense against God. It can be used to describe individuals or groups.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΩΝ, ΥΒΡΙΣΤΗΣ, ΚΟΜΠΑΣΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΟΣ is a compound word derived from the preposition ΥΠΕΡ (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'above', and the verb ΦΑΙΝΩ (phainō), meaning 'to appear' or 'to show'. Thus, it literally means 'appearing above' or 'showing oneself above others', leading to the sense of being proud or arrogant.
G4980
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-tee-TAS-seh-tai
Translations: opposes, resists, sets oneself against, arrays oneself against
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and 'τάσσω' (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'. Therefore, it means to arrange oneself against, to oppose, or to resist. It is often used to describe someone or something setting themselves in opposition to another, such as God opposing the proud, or people resisting authority.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ, ΑΝΤΙΠΙΠΤΩ
Etymology: The word ἀντιτάσσω (antitassō) is derived from the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and the verb τάσσω (tassō), meaning 'to arrange', 'to order', or 'to appoint'.
G5011
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: tah-pee-NOYS
Translations: humble, lowly, poor, insignificant, a humble one, a lowly one
Notes: This word describes someone or something as humble, lowly, or of low status. It can refer to a person who is modest and not proud, or to someone who is poor or of little importance. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating 'to the humble' or 'for the humble'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΤΩΧΟΙΣ, ΕΛΑΧΙΣΤΟΙΣ
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DI-doh-sin
Translations: gives, he gives, she gives, it gives
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to give' or 'to grant'. It describes the action of bestowing something upon someone or something. It is used when a subject performs the action of giving.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G5485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHA-rin
Translations: grace, favor, kindness, thanks, a grace, a favor, a kindness, a thanks
Notes: This word refers to grace, favor, or kindness, often implying a divine or unmerited gift. It can also mean thanks or gratitude. In its accusative form, as seen in ΧΑΡΙΝ, it often functions as the direct object of a verb, such as 'to find favor' or 'to give thanks'. It can also be used in adverbial phrases meaning 'for the sake of' or 'on account of'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΧΑΡΙΣ (charis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰer- meaning 'to desire, to like'. It is related to words signifying joy, delight, and goodwill.
G5013
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: tah-peh-noh-THEE-teh
Translations: be humbled, humble yourselves, be brought low, abase yourselves
Notes: This word is a command, instructing a group of people to humble themselves or to be humbled. It implies a voluntary act of lowering one's status, pride, or position, often in submission or recognition of a higher authority or truth. It can also mean to be brought low by circumstances or by another.
Inflection: Aorist, Imperative, Passive, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΥΛΑΒΗΘΗΤΕ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΗΣΑΤΕ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G2900
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kra-TAI-an
Translations: strong, mighty, powerful, a strong, a mighty, a powerful
Notes: This word describes something as strong, mighty, or powerful. It is often used to describe the power of God or a strong hand. It can be used to modify nouns, indicating a quality of strength or might.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEI-ran
Translations: hand, a hand
Notes: This word refers to a hand, the part of the body at the end of the arm. It is used in various contexts, often metaphorically, such as referring to power, agency, or divine intervention. For example, 'under the mighty hand of God' signifies being under God's powerful authority.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G5312
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoop-SOH-see
Translations: lift up, exalt, raise, elevate
Notes: This word means to lift up, raise, or exalt. It can refer to physical elevation, such as lifting an object, or to a metaphorical elevation, such as exalting someone to a position of honor or power. It is often used in a spiritual context to describe the act of glorifying or honoring God or Christ.
Inflection: Aorist Subjunctive Active, 3rd Person Singular; or Future Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΕΠΑΙΡΩ, ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G2540
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kahee-ROH
Translations: to time, to season, to opportunity, to a proper time, to a fixed time, to a due season, to a critical time
Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, often implying a critical or decisive moment. It is distinct from 'chronos' (χρόνος), which refers to chronological or sequential time. 'Kairos' emphasizes the qualitative aspect of time, focusing on the right or fitting moment for something to happen. It is used in contexts where a particular event or action is expected or appropriate.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΩΡΑ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PA-san
Translations: all, every, whole, an entire
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of something. For example, it can be used to say 'all people' or 'every house'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3309
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: meh-RIM-nan
Translations: care, a care, anxiety, an anxiety, worry, a worry, concern, a concern
Notes: This word refers to a state of anxious thought, concern, or worry. It describes the mental burden or distraction caused by various matters, often implying a sense of apprehension or solicitude. It can be used in contexts where one is burdened by worldly affairs or future uncertainties.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΓΩΝΙΑ, ΦΡΟΝΤΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΡΙΜΝΑ (merimna) is thought to derive from the verb μερίζω (merizō), meaning 'to divide' or 'to distract', suggesting a mind divided or distracted by cares.
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G1977
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: eh-pee-RIP-san-tes
Translations: casting upon, having cast upon, throwing upon, having thrown upon
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the compound verb ἘΠΙΡΡΙΠΤΩ (epirripto). It means 'casting upon' or 'having cast upon' something or someone. It is formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and the verb ῬΙΠΤΩ (rhipto), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. Therefore, the compound verb signifies the action of throwing or casting something onto something else. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ἘΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ῬΙΠΤΩ
Etymology: The verb ἘΠΙΡΡΙΠΤΩ (epirripto) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and the verb ῬΙΠΤΩ (rhipto), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ep
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with
Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G3199
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: MEH-lei
Translations: it concerns, it matters, it is a care, it is a concern, it is of interest, it is important
Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it concerns' or 'it matters'. It is often used to express that something is a matter of care or concern to someone, typically with the person concerned in the dative case. For example, 'it concerns me' or 'it is a care to me'. It can also indicate that something is important or of interest.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular, Impersonal
Synonyms: ΦΡΟΝΤΙΖΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *melh₁- ('to grind, crush, mill'). The sense evolved to 'to be a care' or 'to be a concern'.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G3525
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: NAY-psah-teh
Translations: be sober, sober up, be self-controlled, be watchful, be vigilant
Notes: This word is a command, meaning to be sober, vigilant, or self-controlled. It can refer to literal sobriety from alcohol, but is often used metaphorically to mean being clear-headed, watchful, and self-disciplined in one's thoughts and actions. It is an imperative, directing a group of people to adopt this state.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΓΚΡΑΤΕΥΕΣΘΕ, ΑΓΡΥΠΝΕΙΤΕ
G1129
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: gray-gor-EH-sah-teh
Translations: Watch, be watchful, be vigilant, stay awake
Notes: This word means to be watchful, alert, or vigilant. It is often used in a spiritual sense, urging believers to be spiritually awake and prepared. It can also refer to being physically awake or to keeping watch over something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΝΗΦΩ, ΑΓΡΥΠΝΕΩ
G0476
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: an-TEE-dee-kos
Translations: opponent, adversary, accuser, a legal opponent, an adversary
Notes: This word is a compound word formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and 'δίκη' (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'lawsuit'. It refers to an opponent in a legal case, an adversary in a dispute, or more generally, an enemy or foe. It can be used to describe someone who is actively hostile or in opposition to another.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ἘΧΘΡΟΣ, ΔΙΑΒΟΛΟΣ, ἈΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'ἀντί' (antí, 'against') and 'δίκη' (díkē, 'justice, lawsuit'). It literally means 'one who is against in a lawsuit'.
G1228
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-AH-boh-los
Translations: devil, slanderer, accuser, a devil, a slanderer, an accuser
Notes: This word refers to an accuser, slanderer, or adversary. In a theological context, it specifically refers to the Devil, the chief evil spirit. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and 'βάλλω' (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. Thus, it literally means 'one who throws across' or 'one who casts through', implying one who throws accusations or slanders.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΑΤΑΝΑΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩΝ
Etymology: From the Greek verb διαβάλλω (diaballō), meaning 'to slander, accuse, or attack'. This verb is formed from διά (dia), 'through, across', and βάλλω (ballō), 'to throw, cast'. The noun thus describes one who 'throws accusations across' or 'casts slanders'.
G3023
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: leh-OHN
Translations: lion, a lion
Notes: This word refers to a lion, a large carnivorous feline mammal. It is often used literally to describe the animal, but can also be used metaphorically to describe someone or something with strength, courage, or ferocity, similar to how 'lion' is used in English.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly of Semitic origin. It is related to the Latin word 'leo' and the English word 'lion'.
G3799
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: oh-RYOO-meh-nos
Translations: roaring, a roaring one, one who roars
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'ὠρύομαι' (ōryomai), meaning 'to roar' or 'to howl'. It describes someone or something that is actively roaring or howling, often used in the context of a lion or other wild animal. It functions as an adjective or a noun, describing the subject as 'the roaring one' or 'one who roars'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΒΟΑΩ, ΚΡΑΖΩ
G4043
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-PAH-teh-ee
Translations: he walks, he is walking, walk, you walk, you are walking
Notes: This word means to walk, to go about, or to conduct oneself. It can refer to physical movement, but often in a figurative sense, it describes one's way of life or behavior. For example, it can be used to say 'he walks in righteousness' meaning 'he lives righteously'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular OR Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΒΑΔΙΖΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ is a compound word formed from περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and πατέω (pateō), meaning 'to tread' or 'to walk'. Thus, it literally means 'to walk around'.
G2212
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ZAY-tone
Translations: seeking, searching, looking for, inquiring, desiring, a seeker, one who seeks
Notes: ΖΗΤΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb ΖΗΤΕΩ, meaning 'to seek' or 'to search'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function like an adjective or a noun. It refers to someone who is actively engaged in the process of seeking, searching, or inquiring after something or someone. It can be translated as 'seeking' when used adjectivally, or 'the one who seeks' when used substantively.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΖΗΤΕΩ
Etymology: The verb ΖΗΤΕΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is an ancient Greek word meaning 'to seek' or 'to search'.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE-nah
Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything
Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.
Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter
G2666
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-pee-EIN
Translations: to swallow, to devour, to overwhelm, to absorb
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb πίνω (pino, meaning 'to drink'). It means to swallow completely, to devour, or metaphorically, to overwhelm or absorb. It implies a complete consumption or engulfment, often with force or totality. For example, it can be used literally for a fish swallowing a person, or metaphorically for an enemy devouring someone.
Inflection: Aorist Active Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΣΘΙΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΑΓΩ
G5599, G3739
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Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)
Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever
Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)
Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.
G0436
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-TIS-tay-teh
Translations: resist, stand against, oppose
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to resist or stand against something or someone. It implies taking a firm stand in opposition. It is often used in a command or exhortation to oppose an adversary or a negative influence.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Imperative
Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΤΑΤΤΩ, ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ
Etymology: The word ἀνθίστημι (anthistēmi) is a compound of ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite to', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'.
G4731
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: STEH-reh-oy
Translations: firm, solid, steadfast, strong, firm ones, solid ones
Notes: This word describes something that is firm, solid, or steadfast. It implies stability, unyieldingness, or strength. It can be used to describe physical objects that are not easily moved or broken, or metaphorically to describe a person's character, faith, or resolve as unshakeable.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative or Vocative, Plural
Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΑΚΛΙΝΗΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G4102
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PIS-tei
Translations: (by) faith, (in) faith, (with) faith, (to) faith, (by) trust, (in) trust, (with) trust, (to) trust, (by) belief, (in) belief, (with) belief, (to) belief
Notes: This word is a noun meaning 'faith,' 'trust,' or 'belief.' It refers to a firm conviction or reliance on something or someone. In Koine Greek, it is often used to describe spiritual faith, particularly in God or Christ. As a dative case, it indicates the means, instrument, or recipient of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'by,' 'in,' 'with,' or 'to.'
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ, ΕΛΠΙΣ
G1492
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ee-DOH-tes
Translations: knowing, having known, being aware, understanding
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know' or 'to be aware'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in a state of knowing or having known something. It can be used to indicate the reason for an action or the state of a subject.
Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The verb 'oida' (from which 'eidotes' is derived) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. In Greek, it evolved to signify knowledge gained through observation or experience.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TAH
Translations: them, these things, it, the same
Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun/adjective 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ' (autos). In this form, it functions as a neuter plural pronoun, meaning 'them' or 'these things', referring to inanimate objects or concepts. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'the same'. It typically serves as the subject or direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΙΝΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G2889
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOH-smoh
Translations: to the world, for the world, to an adornment, for an adornment, to an order, for an order
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'κόσμος' (kosmos). It refers to an orderly arrangement, an adornment, or the world itself, often implying the created universe or humanity. In its dative form, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the world, order, or adornment, depending on the context. It can also be used to indicate location or instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'κόσμος' (kosmos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to order, to adorn'. It originally referred to order or arrangement, particularly in military or governmental contexts, and later came to mean 'adornment' or 'decoration'. From there, it evolved to describe the ordered universe, and by extension, the world.
G81
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-fo-TEE-tee
Translations: (to) brotherhood, (to) a brotherhood, (to) fellowship, (to) a fellowship, (to) community of believers
Notes: This word refers to a brotherhood, a community of brothers, or a fellowship, especially in a religious context, referring to the community of believers. It is used to indicate the recipient or beneficiary of an action, or the means by which something is done.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΙΑ
Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΤΗΣ (adelphotēs) is derived from the Greek word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ (adelphos), meaning 'brother', combined with the suffix -της (-tēs), which forms abstract nouns, indicating a state or quality. Thus, it literally means 'the state of being brothers' or 'brotherhood'.
G2005
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-teh-LEES-thai
Translations: to be completed, to be finished, to be performed, to be accomplished, to be fulfilled
Notes: This is a verb meaning to bring something to completion, to perform, or to accomplish. The form provided is a passive infinitive, indicating that something is being brought about or fulfilled. It describes an action that is carried out to its end or conclusion.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΤΕΛΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ΤΕΛΕΩ (teleō), meaning 'to complete' or 'to finish'. Thus, it signifies completing something upon or in addition to a previous state, emphasizing the finality or accomplishment of an action.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sees
Translations: of all, of every, of the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to describe a noun, indicating that the noun refers to the entirety of something or every instance of it. It agrees with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used when referring to a singular feminine noun in the genitive case, often indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G5485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHA-ri-tos
Translations: of grace, of favor, of kindness, of gratitude, of a grace, of a favor, of a kindness, of a gratitude
Notes: This word refers to grace, favor, or kindness, often implying a divine or unmerited gift. It can also denote gratitude or thankfulness. It is used to express the source or possession of these qualities, such as 'the spirit of grace' or 'the gift of grace'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΑ, ΕΛΕΟΣ, ΔΩΡΟ
G2564
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-LEH-sas
Translations: having called, having invited, having summoned, having named
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'καλέω'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, performed by the subject. It can mean 'having called' someone, 'having invited' them to an event, 'having summoned' them, or 'having named' them.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΣΑΣ, ΕΠΙΚΑΛΕΣΑΣ, ΟΝΟΜΑΣΑΣ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G0166
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ahee-OH-nee-on
Translations: eternal, everlasting, age-long, perpetual
Notes: This word describes something that pertains to an age or period of time, often implying a duration that is either without end or of very long duration. It can refer to something that has always existed, will always exist, or is characteristic of a particular age. In many contexts, it is translated as 'eternal' or 'everlasting', emphasizing endless duration.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑἸΔΙΟΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΛΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: Derived from the Koine Greek word ΑἸΩΝ (AIŌN), meaning 'age' or 'eternity'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G1391
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOK-san
Translations: glory, a glory, splendor, honor, praise, dignity, reputation
Notes: This word refers to glory, splendor, or honor. It can describe the inherent majesty of God, the praise given to someone, or a person's reputation or dignity. It is often used in contexts of divine manifestation or human recognition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΕΥΚΛΕΙΑ
G5547
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun
Sounds like: khree-STOH
Translations: (to) Christ, (to) the Anointed One, (to) the Messiah
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It is often used as a proper noun, referring to Jesus Christ. In its dative form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to Christ' or 'for Christ'. It can also refer to anyone who is anointed, such as a king or priest.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ
G3641
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: o-LI-gon
Translations: little, a little, few, a few, small, a small amount, short, a short time, briefly
Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'little' or 'few', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'briefly'. As an adjective, it describes a small quantity or number of something. As an adverb, it indicates a small degree or duration of an action. It is often used to denote scarcity or brevity.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)
Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ
Etymology: The word ὈΛΙΓΟΣ (oligos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'small' or 'scanty'.
G3958
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Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective
Sounds like: pa-THON-tas
Translations: having suffered, having endured, having experienced, those having suffered, those having endured, those having experienced
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having suffered' or 'having endured'. It describes someone who has undergone an experience, often a difficult or painful one. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also be used substantively to refer to 'those who have suffered' or 'the ones who have endured'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΣΧΩ (paschō) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It is related to other Greek words concerning emotion and experience.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOS
Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very
Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.
G2675
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tar-TEE-say
Translations: he will restore, he will perfect, he will complete, he will equip, he will make complete
Notes: This word means to complete, perfect, restore, or equip. It implies bringing something into a state of readiness, soundness, or wholeness. It can be used in contexts of mending what is broken, preparing for a task, or perfecting someone for a purpose. In this form, it indicates a future action performed by a singular subject.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙΖΩ, ΤΕΛΕΙΟΩ, ΠΛΗΡΟΩ
G4741
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: stee-REEK-say
Translations: he will strengthen, he will establish, he will support, he will confirm
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to strengthen, establish, or support. It is used to describe the act of making something firm, stable, or secure, often in a metaphorical sense, such as strengthening someone's faith or resolving their purpose. It can also refer to providing physical support or making something stand firm.
Inflection: Future Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΩ, ΕΔΡΑΖΩ, ΚΡΑΤΥΝΩ
G4599
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: sthen-OH-see
Translations: will strengthen, will make strong
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to strengthen' or 'to make strong'. It describes the action of imparting strength or firmness to someone or something. It can be used in sentences to indicate that an entity will provide power or stability.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΝΑΜΟΩ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΩ
G2311
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: theh-meh-lee-OH-see
Translations: he will lay a foundation, he will found, he will establish, he will strengthen, he will make firm
Notes: This word describes the act of laying a foundation, establishing something firmly, or making it secure. It can refer to literally laying the groundwork for a building or figuratively to establishing principles, institutions, or even strengthening a person's faith or character. It is used here in the future active indicative, indicating an action that will be performed by a third person singular subject.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΣΤΗΡΙΖΩ, ΕΔΡΑΖΩ
G2904
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KRAH-toss
Translations: power, strength, might, dominion, rule, a power, a strength
Notes: This word refers to power, strength, or might, often implying a forceful or dominant kind of power. It can also denote dominion or rule, indicating authority or control over something or someone. It is frequently used in contexts describing God's power or the power of a ruler.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
Etymology: From a primary verb meaning 'to be strong'. It is related to the idea of physical or inherent strength and ability.
G0165
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahee-OH-nas
Translations: ages, eternities, worlds, times
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, an age, or an era. In its plural form, it can denote a succession of ages, eternity, or even the created world or universe. It is often used in phrases like 'unto the ages' or 'forever and ever' to express unending duration.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΚΑΙΡΟΣ
G0165
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahee-OH-nohn
Translations: (of) ages, (of) eternity, (of) worlds, (of) times
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, an age, or an era. It can also denote eternity or the world itself, depending on the context. In the genitive plural form, as seen here, it often signifies 'of ages' or 'of eternity', emphasizing a duration without end or a succession of distinct periods.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΩΝ, ΚΑΙΡΩΝ, ΓΕΝΕΩΝ
G0281
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Interjection
Sounds like: ah-MEN
Translations: Amen, truly, verily, so be it
Notes: This word is used to express affirmation, agreement, or a solemn declaration. It can be translated as 'truly' or 'verily' when used to emphasize a statement, or as 'Amen' at the end of prayers, hymns, or declarations to signify 'so be it' or 'let it be so'. It conveys a sense of certainty and truth.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΝΑΙ
Etymology: The word is a transliteration of the Hebrew word 'āmēn' (אָמֵן), meaning 'certainly', 'truly', or 'so be it'. It is derived from a root meaning 'to be firm' or 'to be reliable'.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G4610
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: see-loo-ah-NOO
Translations: of Silvanus, of Silas
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun Silvanus, also known as Silas. It refers to a prominent figure in early Christianity, a companion of Paul and Peter. When used in a sentence, it indicates possession or origin, similar to 'of Silvanus' or 'belonging to Silvanus'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G4103
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: pis-TOO
Translations: of faithful, of a faithful one, of a believer, of trustworthy, of reliable
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is faithful, trustworthy, or reliable. It can also refer to a person who is a believer or a faithful follower. It is often used to denote a person's character or their adherence to a belief.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ, ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOO
Translations: (of) a brother, (of) the brother, (of) a fellow believer, (of) the fellow believer, (of) a kinsman
Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, or more broadly, a fellow human being, a kinsman, or a fellow believer in a religious context. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession, origin, or relationship.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ἈΝΗΡ, ΣΥΝΔΟΥΛΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.
G3049
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: loh-GHEE-zoh-my
Translations: to reckon, to consider, to count, to calculate, to think, to impute, to suppose, to reason, to devise
Notes: This verb means to reckon, count, or calculate, often in a financial or numerical sense. It can also mean to consider, think, or reason about something, implying a mental process of deliberation or evaluation. In some contexts, it can mean to impute or attribute something to someone, such as righteousness or sin. It is used to describe both practical calculations and deeper intellectual or moral considerations.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word' or 'reason', combined with the suffix '-ίζω' which forms verbs. It implies an action related to reasoning, counting, or speaking.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: DEE
Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14
Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ
Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3641
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: o-li-GOHN
Translations: of few, of little
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'few' or 'little'. It is used to describe a small quantity or number of something. For example, it can refer to a small number of people or a small amount of time or resources.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
G1125
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eg-RAP-sa
Translations: I wrote, I have written
Notes: This is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It indicates a completed action in the past, often translated as 'I wrote' or 'I have written'. It is used to state a fact about something that was written.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΩ
G3870
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: pah-rah-kah-LOHN
Translations: comforting, exhorting, encouraging, appealing, entreating, inviting, consoling, a comforter, an exhorter, one who comforts, one who exhorts
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who is comforting' or 'one who is exhorting'. It describes an ongoing action of providing comfort, encouragement, or an appeal. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (a noun) referring to the person performing the action, such as 'the comforter' or 'the one who exhorts'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ
G1957
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ep-ee-mar-too-RON
Translations: bearing witness to, testifying to, confirming, attesting to
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb μαρτυρέω (martyreō), meaning 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'. As a whole, it means to bear additional witness, to confirm a testimony, or to attest to something. It is used to describe the action of providing further evidence or confirmation for a statement or truth.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΩ, ΣΥΝΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἐπιμαρτυρέω (epimartyreō) is derived from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb μαρτυρέω (martyreō), meaning 'to bear witness'. The verb μαρτυρέω itself comes from μάρτυς (martys), meaning 'witness'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOW-teen
Translations: this, that, this one, that one
Notes: ΤΑΥΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥ͂ΤΟΣ. It is used to point out something specific, often something near the speaker or something that has just been mentioned. It functions like 'this' or 'that' in English, and as an accusative, it typically serves as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to be'. It expresses existence, identity, or a state of being. It can also be used to indicate purpose or result, especially when preceded by the genitive article 'τοῦ' (tou), in which case it can be translated as 'in order to be' or 'for the purpose of being'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active. Does not inflect for person, number, gender, or case.
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G0227
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-lay-THAY
Translations: true, real, genuine, (the) true things, (the) real things
Notes: This word describes something as true, real, or genuine, as opposed to false, counterfeit, or imaginary. It can be used to describe people, statements, or concepts. For example, it can refer to a 'true man' or 'true justice'. It is an adjective that modifies nouns.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative; or Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ἈΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ, ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ, ΕΤΥΜΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, 'un-') and λήθω (lēthō, 'to escape notice, be hidden'), meaning 'unhidden' or 'not concealed'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ANE
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was, I was
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to describe a state of being or existence in the past, often indicating a continuous or repeated action or condition. For example, it can mean 'he was' or 'it was'.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, 1st or 3rd person singular
G2476
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: STAY-teh
Translations: stand, stand still, stop, set, place, establish
Notes: This word is an imperative verb, meaning 'stand!' or 'stop!'. It is used to command a group of people to stand, stand still, or to be set in a particular place. It can also imply establishing or causing something to stand.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΗΤΕ, ΙΣΤΑΣΘΕ
G782
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: as-PAH-zeh-tai
Translations: he greets, she greets, it greets, he salutes, she salutes, it salutes, he embraces, she embraces, it embraces
Notes: This word means to greet, salute, or embrace. It is often used to convey a friendly or respectful salutation, similar to saying 'hello' or 'farewell' to someone. It can also imply a physical embrace or a warm welcome. In a sentence, it would typically be used to describe someone extending a greeting to another person or group.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G0897
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-by-LOH-nee
Translations: to Babylon, in Babylon
Notes: This is the dative singular form of the proper noun 'Babylon'. It refers to the ancient city and empire of Babylon, located in Mesopotamia. In biblical contexts, it often symbolizes a place of exile, idolatry, and opposition to God's people. It is used to indicate location ('in Babylon') or direction ('to Babylon').
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
G4899
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: soon-ek-LEK-tee
Translations: co-elect, fellow-elect, a co-elect woman
Notes: This word describes someone who is chosen or elected along with others. It implies a shared status of being divinely selected or appointed. It is used to refer to a female who is 'co-elect' or 'fellow-elect' with others.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἐκλεκτός' (eklektos), meaning 'chosen' or 'elect'.
G3138
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: MAR-kos
Translations: Mark
Notes: This is a common Roman praenomen (given name), equivalent to the English name Mark. It was a very common name in the Roman world and is found in various historical and biblical contexts.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Mark' is of Latin origin, derived from 'Marcus', which is thought to be related to Mars, the Roman god of war.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HUI-os
Translations: son, a son
Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ
Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G0782
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ahs-pah-SAH-stheh
Translations: greet ye, salute ye, welcome ye
Notes: This is a verb meaning to greet, salute, or welcome. It is often used as an imperative, giving a command to a group of people to offer greetings or salutations.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΕΤΕ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ
G240
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Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun
Sounds like: al-LAY-loos
Translations: one another, each other
Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'one another' or 'each other'. It is used to indicate that the action of the verb is performed by each member of a group upon the other members. For example, 'they loved one another'. It is a compound word formed from the word ἈΛΛΟΣ (ALLOS), meaning 'other'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine. Reciprocal pronouns do not have singular forms and are only found in the genitive, dative, and accusative cases.
G5370
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fee-LEE-mah-tee
Translations: kiss, a kiss, (to) a kiss, (to) the kiss
Notes: This word refers to a kiss. In its dative form, as seen here, it indicates the means by which something is done, or the recipient of an action, often translated with 'by means of a kiss' or 'to a kiss'. It is commonly used in the New Testament to refer to a greeting or a betrayal.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΗΜΑ
Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΗΜΑ (philema) comes from the verb φιλέω (phileō), meaning 'to love' or 'to kiss'. It refers to an act of affection or greeting.
G0026
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-GAH-pays
Translations: of love, of charity, of affection, of goodwill
Notes: This word refers to a deep, unconditional love, often described as 'charity' in older translations. It is a noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, so it often translates as 'of love' or 'belonging to love'. It is used to describe divine love, brotherly love, or the love between people.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΕΡΩΣ, ΣΤΟΡΓΗ
Etymology: The word ἀγάπη (agapē) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It was used in the Septuagint and the New Testament to translate the Hebrew word 'ahavah' (love), and it came to signify a distinct type of selfless, divine love, differentiating it from other Greek words for love like 'eros' (passionate love) or 'philia' (friendship love).
G1515
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: i-RAY-nay
Translations: peace, a peace
Notes: This word refers to a state of tranquility, harmony, and well-being. It can denote an absence of conflict, a sense of inner calm, or a state of reconciliation. It is often used in contexts of spiritual peace or a peaceful relationship between individuals or nations.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ
Etymology: From a primary verb εἴρω (eirō), meaning 'to join'. The word originally conveyed the idea of binding together or joining, leading to the concept of unity and harmony, and thus peace.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sin
Translations: to all, for all, with all, by all, in all
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness, often modifying a noun to show that something applies to every member of a group or every part of a whole. In this dative plural form, it typically translates as 'to all', 'for all', 'with all', or 'in all', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
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