Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint / Joshua / Chapter 14Joshua, Chapter 14
Interlinear version from Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint (Beta)
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OO-toy
Translations: these, they
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they'. It is used to point out or refer to specific people or things that are nearby or have just been mentioned. It functions similarly to 'these ones' or 'these people' in English.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G2624
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-klay-roh-noh-MAY-sahn-tes
Translations: having inherited, having obtained by inheritance, having taken possession of, having received as an inheritance
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and κληρονομέω (klēronomeō, 'to inherit'). It means to inherit, to obtain by inheritance, or to take possession of something as an inheritance. It is often used in the context of receiving an allotted portion or a possession, particularly land or a spiritual blessing. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating a state of having inherited.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΕΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
Etymology: The verb κατακληρονομέω (kataklēronoméō) is derived from the preposition κατά (katá), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and the verb κληρονομέω (klēronoméō), meaning 'to inherit'. Κληρονομέω itself comes from κληρονόμος (klēronómos, 'heir'), which is from κλῆρος (klêros, 'lot, inheritance') and νέμω (némō, 'to distribute'). Thus, it literally means 'to distribute by lot' or 'to receive by lot as an inheritance'.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-ee-OHN
Translations: of sons, of children, of descendants
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΥΙΟΣ' (huios), meaning 'son' or 'child'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of sons' or 'of children'. In a broader sense, it can also refer to descendants or followers, indicating a close association or lineage.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΩΝ, ΠΑΙΔΩΝ
G2474
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: Iss-rah-AYL
Translations: Israel
Notes: This word refers to Israel, which can denote the patriarch Jacob (who was renamed Israel), the nation descended from him, or the land occupied by that nation. It is used to refer to the people of God, the twelve tribes, or the northern kingdom of Israel as distinct from Judah. It is often used in contexts referring to the history, covenant, and identity of God's chosen people.
Inflection: Indeclinable
Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'. It was the new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:28).
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G1093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GAY
Translations: earth, land, ground, country, a land, the earth
Notes: This word refers to the physical ground, the planet Earth, or a specific territory or country. It is often used to distinguish land from the sea or sky, or to denote a particular region or nation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΑΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It refers to the earth as a flat, solid surface, distinct from the heavens or the sea.
G5477
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KHAH-nah-ahn
Translations: Canaan
Notes: This word refers to Canaan, a historical region in the Ancient Near East, located between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea. It is frequently mentioned in the Bible as the 'Promised Land' given to the Israelites. It is used to denote the land itself or its inhabitants.
Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable proper noun)
Etymology: The word 'Canaan' is of Semitic origin, likely from a root meaning 'to be low, humble, subjugated'. It refers to the historical region and its inhabitants.
G3739
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OYS
Translations: to whom, to which, to what
Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.
G2624
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tek-lay-ro-no-MEH-sen
Translations: he inherited, he obtained by inheritance, he allotted, he distributed by lot, he gave as an inheritance
Notes: This word describes the act of inheriting something, receiving it as an inheritance, or conversely, the act of giving or distributing something as an inheritance, often by lot. It implies a transfer of possession or right, typically through a legal or divine decree. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the verb κληρονομέω (klēronoméō, meaning 'to inherit').
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΕΩ, ΚΛΗΡΟΔΟΤΕΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G1648
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: eh-leh-AH-zar
Translations: Eleazar
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the personal name Eleazar. It is a name of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God has helped'. It appears frequently in the Old Testament and in Jewish history, referring to various individuals, including a son of Aaron and a son of Eliud in the genealogy of Jesus.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative. This form is also used as an indeclinable form of the name.
Etymology: From Hebrew אֶלְעָזָר (Elʿāzār), meaning 'God has helped'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G2409
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-eh-REH-oos
Translations: priest, a priest
Notes: This word refers to a priest, a person authorized to perform sacred rites of a religion, especially as a mediatory agent between humans and God or gods. In ancient contexts, priests were often responsible for sacrifices, rituals, and interpreting divine will. It is typically used to refer to a male religious official.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word ἱερός (hieros), meaning 'sacred' or 'holy'. The suffix -εύς (-eus) indicates a person associated with or performing a specific function.
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS
Translations: Jesus, Joshua
Notes: This is a proper name, transliterated from the Hebrew name Yeshua or Yehoshua. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus Christ, or to Joshua, the successor of Moses in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The Koine Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It is also related to the shorter form יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua).
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G3494
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: NAH-oo-ay
Translations: Nun
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Nun, the father of Joshua. It is used to identify Joshua as "Joshua son of Nun" in biblical texts.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew name נוּן (Nun), meaning 'fish' or 'perpetuity'.
G0758
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AR-khon-tes
Translations: rulers, the rulers, authorities, the authorities, chiefs, magistrates, princes
Notes: This word refers to individuals holding positions of authority, power, or leadership. It can denote civil magistrates, government officials, or even spiritual powers. It is used to describe those who govern or have dominion over others.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΙ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΕΣ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ
G3966
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pa-tree-OHN
Translations: of ancestral, of traditional, of hereditary, of fathers, of ancestors
Notes: This word describes something that belongs to or is derived from one's fathers or ancestors. It refers to things that are ancestral, traditional, or hereditary, often in the context of customs, laws, or beliefs passed down through generations. It is used to indicate a connection to the past or to one's heritage.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΩΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙΩΝ
G5443
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FY-lon
Translations: of tribes, tribes
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'φυλή' (phylē), meaning 'tribe' or 'clan'. It refers to a group of people descended from a common ancestor or sharing a common origin, often used in the context of the twelve tribes of Israel or other ethnic divisions. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to tribes' or 'from tribes'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΗΜΩΝ, ΓΕΝΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'φυλή' (phylē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰuH- meaning 'to be, to grow'. It originally referred to a growth or shoot, and later evolved to mean a clan or tribe, indicating a group that has grown together or sprung from a common origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G2819
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KLAY-roos
Translations: lots, shares, portions, inheritances
Notes: This word refers to a lot, such as one cast to make a decision, or a share or portion of something, often an inheritance or an assigned part. It is used in contexts where something is divided or allocated, or where a decision is made by chance or divine will through the casting of lots. It can also refer to a person's allotted destiny or inheritance.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΣ, ΜΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'κλῆρος' (klēros) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient Greek word. It originally referred to a piece of wood or stone used for casting lots, and later came to mean the lot itself, and then the portion or inheritance determined by it.
G2816
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-lay-roh-no-MAY-san
Translations: they inherited, they obtained by inheritance, they possessed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to inherit' or 'to obtain by inheritance.' It describes the act of receiving something as an heir, often land or property, but can also refer to spiritual blessings or a share in something. It is a compound word formed from 'κλῆρος' (klēros), meaning 'lot' or 'inheritance,' and 'νέμω' (nemō), meaning 'to distribute' or 'to apportion.'
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΤΗΣΑΙ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON
Translations: being, existing, a being, that which is
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being' or 'existing'. It describes something that is in a state of being or existence. As a neuter singular form, it often refers to 'that which is' or 'a being', and can function as a noun.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ
G5158
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TRO-pon
Translations: way, manner, a way, a manner, custom, a custom, fashion, a fashion
Notes: This word refers to a way, manner, or custom in which something is done. It describes the method or style of an action or event. For example, it can be used to say 'in this way' or 'after the manner of'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΜΕΘΟΔΟΣ, ΕΘΟΣ
G1781
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-TEH-ee-lah-toh
Translations: he commanded, he ordered, he instructed
Notes: This word is a verb in the aorist middle indicative form, third person singular. It means 'he/she/it commanded' or 'he/she/it ordered'. It describes an action of giving a command or instruction that was completed in the past. It is often used in contexts where an authority figure issues a directive.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir
Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEI-ree
Translations: to hand, by hand, in hand, with hand, by the hand, in the hand, with the hand
Notes: This word refers to the hand, and in this inflected form, it indicates location or means. It is often used to express 'in the hand,' 'by hand,' or 'with the hand,' signifying possession, control, or the instrument by which an action is performed. For example, 'in the hand of God' or 'by the hand of a prophet'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOO
Translations: of Jesus, to Jesus, of Joshua, to Joshua
Notes: This is a proper name, referring to either Jesus Christ or Joshua, the successor of Moses. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Genitive or Dative
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G1767
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: EN-neh-ah
Translations: nine
Notes: This word is a cardinal number meaning 'nine'. It is used to indicate a quantity of nine units of something. For example, it can be used to describe nine people, nine objects, or nine days.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin 'novem' and English 'nine'.
G5443
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foo-LAIS
Translations: tribes, (to) tribes, (for) tribes, (by) tribes, (with) tribes
Notes: This word refers to a tribe, clan, or nation, often denoting a division of people, especially in the context of the twelve tribes of Israel. It is used to describe groups of people sharing a common ancestry or identity. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' the tribes, or 'among' the tribes.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΗΜΟΣ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G2255
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: HEE-mee-say
Translations: half, a half, (to) half
Notes: This word means 'half' and is used to describe one of two equal parts of something. It functions as an adjective, modifying a noun to indicate that only a portion of it is being referred to. It can be used substantively to mean 'the half'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Etymology: The word ἥμισυς (hēmisys) comes from Proto-Indo-European *sēmi- (half) and *sū- (to be). It is related to English 'semi-' and Latin 'semi-'.
G5443
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foo-LEES
Translations: of a tribe, of a race, of a clan, of a nation
Notes: This word refers to a tribe, race, or clan, often denoting a division of people based on ancestry or shared characteristics. It is used to indicate belonging or origin, as in 'of the tribe of Judah'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΔΗΜΟΣ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G4008
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: peh-RAN
Translations: beyond, over, on the other side, across
Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'beyond' or 'on the other side,' indicating a location or direction. It can also be used as a preposition, typically with the genitive case, to mean 'beyond' or 'across' something, indicating movement or position relative to a boundary.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΚΕΙΝΑ, ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ
Etymology: From the root *per- meaning 'to pass through, to go over.' It is related to the verb περάω (peraō), meaning 'to pass through' or 'to cross.'
G2446
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-or-DAH-noo
Translations: of Jordan
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of 'Jordan', referring to the Jordan River. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the other side of the Jordan' or 'from the Jordan'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew 'Yarden', meaning 'the descender', referring to the river's rapid descent.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G3019
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LEH-vee-tays
Translations: to Levites, for Levites, Levites
Notes: This word refers to the Levites, members of the Israelite tribe of Levi, who were responsible for religious duties and service in the Temple. In the provided context, it is used in the dative case, indicating the recipients of an action or the beneficiaries of something.
Inflection: Plural, Dative or Accusative, Masculine
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOH-ken
Translations: he gave, she gave, it gave, he has given, she has given, it has given
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didōmi), meaning 'to give'. It describes an action of giving that was completed in the past by a singular subject (he, she, or it). It is used to state a simple fact about a past event.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΔΩΡΕΩ
G2819
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KLEE-ron
Translations: inheritance, an inheritance, lot, a lot, portion, a portion, share, a share
Notes: This word refers to an inheritance, a lot, or a portion of something, often land or property. It can also refer to a share or part received, or even a lot cast to determine something. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb, indicating what is being inherited, received, or determined by lot.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΣ, ΜΕΡΟΣ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-sahn
Translations: they were, were
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates an action or state that was ongoing or habitual in the past, referring to a plural subject. It functions similarly to 'were' in English, describing the state or existence of multiple entities in a past context.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-OY
Translations: sons, children
Notes: This word refers to male offspring, or more broadly, to descendants or followers. It is the plural form of 'son' and is commonly used to denote a group of male individuals related by birth or by a shared characteristic, such as 'sons of Israel' or 'sons of God'. It can also be used metaphorically.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ
G2501
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: EE-oh-SAYF
Translations: Joseph
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the biblical name Joseph. It is used to identify individuals named Joseph, such as Joseph, the son of Jacob, or Joseph, the husband of Mary. It functions as a subject or object in a sentence, much like any other proper name.
Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable)
Etymology: From Hebrew יוֹסֵף (Yosef), meaning 'he adds' or 'may he add'.
G1417
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: DEE-oh
Translations: two
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'two'. It is used to indicate a quantity of two of something. It is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'two'.
G5443
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FY-lai
Translations: tribes, clans, nations, peoples
Notes: This word refers to a tribe, clan, or nation, often denoting a division of people, such as the tribes of Israel. It can also refer to a race or a people group. In a broader sense, it can mean a multitude or a large group of people.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΕΘΝΗ, ΓΕΝΗ
G3128
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: mah-nas-SEH
Translations: Manasseh
Notes: Manasseh is a proper noun, referring to a significant figure in the Old Testament. He was the elder son of Joseph and the grandson of Jacob, and his descendants formed one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The name is used to identify this specific individual or the tribe descended from him.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew מְנַשֶּׁה (Mənaššeh), meaning 'causing to forget'.
G2181
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: EF-ra-im
Translations: Ephraim
Notes: Ephraim refers to a significant figure, tribe, and territory in ancient Israel. It was the name of the younger son of Joseph and the grandson of Jacob, whose descendants formed one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The name 'Ephraim' also came to represent the northern kingdom of Israel, particularly after the division of the kingdom, due to the tribe's prominence and influence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name 'Ephraim' is of Hebrew origin, from the verb 'parah' (פָּרָה), meaning 'to be fruitful' or 'to bear fruit'. It signifies 'fruitful' or 'doubly fruitful'.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOH-thay
Translations: it was given, he was given, she was given, a gift was given
Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist, indicative, passive form of the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It indicates an action that was completed in the past, where the subject received the action rather than performed it. For example, 'it was given to him' or 'he was given'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΔΟΘΗ, ΕΔΟΘΗ
G3310
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEH-rees
Translations: part, a part, share, a share, portion, a portion, division, a division
Notes: This word refers to a part, share, or portion of something. It can denote a segment or a division. It is used to describe a piece separated from a whole, or an allocated share of something, such as an inheritance or a distribution.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΕΡΟΣ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΜΟΙΡΑ
Etymology: From the verb μείρομαι (meiromai), meaning 'to obtain by lot, receive one's share'. It is related to the concept of dividing or apportioning.
G0243
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Part of Speech: Prefix
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: other, another, different, foreign
Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PO-leess
Translations: cities, a city
Notes: This word refers to a city or a town. It is used to describe a populated area with buildings and infrastructure, often with a distinct political or administrative structure. In the provided context, it refers to multiple cities, specifically 'fortified cities'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΣΤΥ, ΚΩΜΗ
G2730
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-toy-KAYN
Translations: to dwell, to inhabit, to reside, to live
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΚΑΤΟΙΚΕΩ. It means to dwell, inhabit, or reside in a place. It is often used to describe someone living in a house, city, or country, or even a spiritual dwelling. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'in', and the verb ΟΙΚΕΩ (OIKEŌ), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to live'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΩ, ΕΝΟΙΚΕΩ, ΠΑΡΟΙΚΕΩ
Etymology: The verb ΚΑΤΟΙΚΕΩ is a compound of the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'in', and the verb ΟΙΚΕΩ (OIKEŌ), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to live'. It literally means 'to dwell down' or 'to settle in'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G0873
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ah-foh-rees-MEH-nah
Translations: set apart, separated, appointed, designated, consecrated, things set apart, those set apart
Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'ἀφορίζω' (aphorizo), meaning 'to set apart' or 'to separate'. As a neuter plural, it refers to 'things that have been set apart' or 'those who have been separated'. It can describe land, objects, or people that are designated for a specific purpose, often sacred or special.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΚΑΘΑΓΙΑΖΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G2934
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KTEE-neh-sin
Translations: (to) cattle, (to) beasts, (to) animals
Notes: This word refers to domestic animals, especially livestock or beasts of burden, but can also refer to animals in general. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΖΩΟΝ, ΘΗΡΙΟΝ
G2934
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KTEE-nay
Translations: beasts, animals, cattle, livestock
Notes: This word refers to animals, particularly domesticated ones, often those used for work, food, or as property. It is used to describe a group of such creatures, as seen in contexts where people and animals are mentioned together.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΖΩΑ, ΘΗΡΙΑ
Etymology: From the verb κτάομαι (ktaomai), meaning 'to acquire' or 'to possess', referring to animals as property or possessions.
G3475
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: moy-SEE
Translations: Moses, (to) Moses, (of) Moses
Notes: This is the name of the great prophet and lawgiver Moses, who led the Israelites out of Egypt. In the provided context, it appears in both the dative case, indicating 'to Moses' or 'for Moses', and the genitive case, indicating 'of Moses' or 'Moses''s'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative or Genitive, Masculine
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-OY-ay-san
Translations: they made, they did, they performed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make,' 'to do,' or 'to perform.' It is used to describe actions completed in the past by a group of people. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'they made a decision' or 'they did a great work.'
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G3307
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-MEH-ree-san
Translations: they divided, they distributed, they separated, they shared
Notes: This word means to divide, distribute, separate, or share. It is used to describe the act of splitting something into parts or allocating portions among individuals or groups. For example, it can refer to dividing land, distributing goods, or separating people.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΜΕΡΙΖΩ, ΜΕΡΙΣΤΕΥΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G1093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GAYN
Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region
Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ
G4334
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-EEL-tho-san
Translations: they came to, they approached, they went to
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'they came to' or 'they approached'. It describes the action of moving towards someone or something, often with the intention of interacting or presenting oneself. It is frequently used to indicate a physical approach or a coming into the presence of another.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.
G2448
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH
Translations: Judah, of Judah
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Judah, the fourth son of Jacob and Leah, from whom the tribe of Judah descended. It can also refer to the tribe itself, the territory occupied by the tribe, or the southern kingdom of Judah. It is used to identify a person, a lineage, or a geographical region.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Vocative, Accusative, or Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew Yehudah (יְהוּדָה), meaning 'praised'.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOON
Translations: Jesus, Joshua
Notes: This is a proper name, the Greek form of the Hebrew name 'Joshua'. It refers primarily to Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity. It can also refer to other individuals named Joshua in the Old Testament or other historical figures. In a sentence, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The Greek name ἸΗΣΟΥΣ (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'.
G1056
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: gal-GAL
Translations: Gilgal
Notes: Gilgal is the name of several places in ancient Israel. It is a significant location in the Old Testament, often associated with important events such as the Israelites' first encampment after crossing the Jordan River and the renewal of the covenant. It is used to refer to the specific geographical location.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The name 'Gilgal' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'circle of stones' or 'rolling'. It refers to a place where stones were rolled away or where a circle of stones was set up.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pen
Translations: he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is commonly used to introduce direct speech or to report what someone said.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G5485
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KHA-lev
Translations: Caleb
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Caleb, a prominent figure in the Old Testament. He was one of the twelve spies sent by Moses into the land of Canaan and, along with Joshua, was one of only two adults of his generation to enter the Promised Land. The name is used to identify this specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name Χαλεβ (Chaleb) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name כָּלֵב (Kalev). It is believed to mean 'dog' or 'wholehearted' in Hebrew.
G2494
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-eh-foh-NNAY
Translations: Jephunneh
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Jephunneh, the father of Caleb, a prominent figure in the Old Testament. It is used to identify Caleb as 'Caleb the son of Jephunneh'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְפֻנֶּה (Yepunneh), meaning 'he will be made ready' or 'he will be prepared'.
G2749
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: keh-NEH-zah-yos
Translations: Kenaz
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Kenaz, a biblical figure, or a member of the Kenizzites, a tribe mentioned in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific person or group.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The word ΚΕΝΕΖΑΙΟΣ (Kenezaios) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name Qenaz (קְנַז), meaning 'hunter' or 'hunting'. It refers to a specific individual or a member of the Kenizzite tribe.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun meaning 'you' (singular). It is used when addressing a single person directly, typically as the subject of a sentence. It can also be used emphatically to highlight the person being addressed.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Second Person
Etymology: The word 'ΣΥ' is an ancient Greek pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been consistently used throughout various stages of the Greek language to refer to the second person singular.
G1922
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-is-TEE
Translations: knowledge, understanding, skill, a knowledge, an understanding, a skill
Notes: This word refers to knowledge, understanding, or skill, often implying a deep or scientific understanding. It is used to describe the comprehension of facts, truths, or principles, or the ability to perform a task proficiently. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive case, indicating 'of knowledge' or 'of understanding'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (though the provided form 'ἘΠΙΣΤΗ' is likely a truncated or misspelled form of 'ἘΠΙΣΤΗΜΗ' or an inflection thereof, such as the vocative or an archaic form. The common form is ἘΠΙΣΤΗΜΗ).
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΗ (epistēmē) comes from the verb ἐπίσταμαι (epístamai), meaning 'to know, to understand'. It is formed from the prefix ἐπί (epí), meaning 'upon, over', and ἵστημι (hístēmi), meaning 'to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to stand upon' or 'to stand over', implying a firm grasp or mastery of a subject.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G4487
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: RHE-ma
Translations: word, a word, saying, a saying, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, utterance, an utterance
Notes: This word refers to something spoken, an utterance, a saying, or a word. It can also refer to a matter or a thing that is spoken about or decided. It is often used in contexts referring to divine pronouncements or significant statements.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb ῥέω (rheō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to flow'. It refers to that which is spoken or uttered.
G2980
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-LAH-lay-sen
Translations: he spoke, she spoke, it spoke, he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that someone (he, she, or it) performed the act of speaking or saying something.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G3475
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: moy-SEEN
Translations: Moses
Notes: This is the name of the great prophet and lawgiver, Moses, who led the Israelites out of Egypt. In this form, it is used as the direct object of a verb or preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahn-THROH-pohn
Translations: man, a man, person, a person, human being, a human being
Notes: This word refers to a human being, a person, or mankind in general. It is used to denote an individual man or woman, or the human race collectively. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any person.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOO
Translations: (of) me, my
Notes: This is the genitive case of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It indicates possession or origin, functioning similarly to 'of me' or 'my' in English. It is used to show that something belongs to the speaker or comes from the speaker.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, First Person
Synonyms: ΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the first-person singular pronoun, indicating the speaker.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Personal Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: of you, your, yours
Notes: ΣΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the second-person personal pronoun 'you'. It indicates possession or relationship, similar to 'your' or 'of you' in English. It can be used to show that something belongs to the person being addressed, or to indicate the object of certain prepositions or verbs that take the genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, All genders
G2503
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KAH-des
Translations: Kadesh
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Kadesh, an ancient city or region. It is often associated with Kadesh Barnea, a significant location in the Old Testament where the Israelites encamped during their wilderness wanderings. It is used to denote a specific geographical place.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Hebrew Qadesh (קָדֵשׁ), meaning 'holy' or 'sanctuary'.
G0960
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bar-NEH
Translations: Barnea
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Barnea, a place name, often associated with Kadesh (Kadesh-Barnea) in the Old Testament. It denotes a specific geographical location.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name Barnea is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'son of wandering' or 'desert of wandering'. It is transliterated into Greek.
G5062
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: tes-seh-RAH-kon-tah
Translations: forty
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'forty'. It is used to indicate a quantity of forty units. In Koine Greek, it is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of the gender, number, or case of the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Indeclinable
Etymology: From τέσσαρες (tessares, “four”) and -κοντα (-konta, “-ty”).
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G2094
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-TON
Translations: of years, years
Notes: This word is a noun meaning 'year'. It is used here in the genitive plural form, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of years' or simply 'years' in context where the genitive case implies duration or a point in time. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'a man of many years' or 'after many years'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-main
Translations: I was, I used to be
Notes: This word is the first person singular imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It describes an ongoing or continuous action in the past, or a state of being that existed over a period of time in the past. It is used to state what someone was or what their condition was.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
G3753
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OH-teh
Translations: when, whenever, at which time
Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.
G0649
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ap-es-TEI-len
Translations: sent, dispatched, commissioned
Notes: This word means 'to send away', 'to dispatch', or 'to commission'. It is often used in the context of sending a person, such as a messenger or an apostle, on a specific mission or task. It implies a purposeful sending from one place to another.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the first-person singular pronoun 'me' in the accusative case. It is used as the direct object of a verb or as the object of certain prepositions, indicating the recipient of an action or the object being affected.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΜΕ (me) derives from the ancient Greek first-person singular pronoun. Its form has remained largely consistent throughout various stages of the Greek language.
G3475
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: moy-SEES
Translations: Moses
Notes: This is the name of Moses, the great prophet and lawgiver of ancient Israel. In the Bible, he is known for leading the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt and for receiving the Ten Commandments from God on Mount Sinai. It is used as a direct subject in sentences, referring to the person.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew מֹשֶׁה (Moshe), possibly meaning "drawn out" (from water).
G3816
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PAIS
Translations: child, a child, boy, a boy, girl, a girl, servant, a servant, slave, a slave
Notes: This word refers to a child, whether a boy or a girl, and can also denote a servant or slave, regardless of age. Its meaning often depends on the context, indicating a young person or someone in a position of servitude. For example, it can refer to a son or daughter, or a male or female attendant.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΚΟΡΑΣΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- ('small, few'). It is related to words meaning 'child' or 'small' in various Indo-European languages.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G2684
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-skop-EV-sai
Translations: to spy out, to reconnoiter, to examine, to look down upon
Notes: This is a verb meaning to spy out or reconnoiter, often with the implication of looking down from a higher position or with hostile intent. It describes the act of secretly observing or investigating a place or situation, typically for military or strategic purposes. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'κατά' (down, against) and the verb 'σκοπεύω' (to look, to observe).
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΟΠΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΠΤΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ
G0611
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-KREE-theen
Translations: I answered, I replied
Notes: This verb means 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It is often used in narratives to indicate a response to a question or statement, frequently followed by 'and said' (καὶ εἶπα). It describes the act of giving a verbal response.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive (deponent)
Synonyms: ΕΙΠΟΝ, ΛΕΓΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gon
Translations: word, a word, message, a message, account, an account, reason, a reason, saying, a saying
Notes: This word refers to a word, message, statement, or account. It can also denote reason, speech, or a divine utterance. In a sentence, it often functions as the direct object, indicating what is being spoken, heard, or discussed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΜΥΘΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G3563
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOON
Translations: mind, a mind, understanding, an understanding, reason, a reason
Notes: This word is the accusative singular form of the noun 'νοῦς' (nous), meaning 'mind', 'understanding', or 'reason'. It refers to the faculty of perception and understanding, often encompassing intellect, thought, and moral consciousness. It is used to indicate the direct object of an action, for example, 'to have a mind' or 'to direct one's understanding'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΝΟΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOY
Translations: brothers, fellow believers, kinsmen, countrymen
Notes: This word refers to brothers by birth, but it can also be used more broadly to refer to male relatives, fellow countrymen, or, in a spiritual sense, fellow believers in a community. It is a plural form of the word for 'brother'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΙ, ΟΜΟΓΕΝΕΙΣ
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G0305
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-nah-BAN-tes
Translations: having gone up, having ascended, having come up, having climbed, having embarked
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anabainō', meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It is often used to describe people who have gone up to a higher place, such as a city, a mountain, or a ship. It can also refer to coming up from a lower place, like out of water.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΝΙΟΝΤΕΣ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to
Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3179
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-teh-STEH-san
Translations: they removed, they transferred, they turned away, they changed, they perverted
Notes: This is a verb meaning to remove, transfer, or change something from one place or state to another. It can also mean to turn someone away or pervert their mind or heart. It is used to describe an action completed in the past by a group of people.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G2588
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-DEE-an
Translations: heart, a heart
Notes: This word refers to the physical organ, the heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of a person's being, including their thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used metaphorically to represent the inner self or the core of one's personality. It can be used in contexts like 'to set in one's heart' meaning to ponder or decide, or 'to speak to one's heart' meaning to comfort or encourage.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G2992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: lah-OO
Translations: of people, of a people, of nation, of a nation, of crowd, of a crowd
Notes: This word refers to a group of people, a nation, or a crowd. It is often used to describe a specific group of people, such as the people of Israel, or a general populace.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΥΣ, ΔΗΜΟΥ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.
G4369
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-e-THEEN
Translations: I was added, I was joined, I continued, I proceeded
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to be added' or 'to be joined'. In some contexts, particularly when followed by an infinitive, it can mean 'to continue' or 'to proceed to do something'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΟΛΛΑΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΡΤΕΩ
Etymology: The word προστίθημι is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put, place, set'. Thus, its core meaning is 'to put to' or 'to add to'.
G1872
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ah-koh-loo-THEH-sai
Translations: to follow, to accompany, to attend, to conform to, to obey
Notes: This verb means to follow closely, to accompany, or to conform to something. It implies a close adherence or obedience. It can be used in contexts of physically following someone, or metaphorically following a teaching or command.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἘΠΙΒΑΙΝΩ, ἘΠΙΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OH
Translations: to the Lord, for the Lord, to the master, for the master, to an owner, for an owner
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, meaning 'Lord,' 'master,' or 'owner.' In the dative case, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, the recipient, or the beneficiary. It is commonly used in religious contexts to refer to God or Jesus Christ, but can also refer to a human master or owner. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'to give thanks to the Lord' or 'to serve the master.'
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oh
Translations: (to) God, (for) God, a God
Notes: This is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. It refers to the supreme being in a monotheistic context, or to a deity in a polytheistic context. When used in the dative case, it typically indicates the recipient of an action or the one for whom something is done, hence 'to God' or 'for God'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
G3660
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OH-moh-sen
Translations: he swore, he took an oath
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to swear' or 'to take an oath'. It refers to making a solemn declaration, often calling upon a divine being or sacred object as a witness to the truth of what is said or to the binding nature of a promise. It is used when someone makes a formal and serious commitment or affirmation.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Etymology: The word ὄμνυμι (omnymi) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₃em- 'to swear'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to oaths or solemn declarations.
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KEE-nee
Translations: that, that one, she
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point to something distant in space or time, or to refer to something previously mentioned. It functions similarly to the English word 'that' and can modify a noun or stand alone as a pronoun.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ὉΔΕ
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-MEH-rah
Translations: day, a day, time, a time, period, a period
Notes: This word refers to a day, which can mean either a 24-hour period or the daylight portion of a day, as opposed to night. It can also be used more broadly to refer to a specific time, season, or period. It is commonly used to mark the passage of time or to refer to a particular point in time.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'warm' or 'hot', referring to the warmth of the day.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GOHN
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: EHF
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by
Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.
Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ANE
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was, I was
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to describe a state of being or existence in the past, often indicating a continuous or repeated action or condition. For example, it can mean 'he was' or 'it was'.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, 1st or 3rd person singular
G1910
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-peh-BAYS
Translations: you stepped, you went up, you mounted, you embarked, you entered, you trod, you set foot on
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to step upon,' 'to go up,' 'to mount,' 'to embark,' or 'to enter.' It is often used to describe the action of placing one's foot on something, such as land, a ship, or an animal, or to ascend to a higher place. It can also imply taking possession or control by stepping onto a territory.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΤΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on,' and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step.'
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SOY
Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you
Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tai
Translations: will be, shall be, there will be
Notes: This is the third person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates that something 'will be' or 'shall be' in the future. It can refer to a person (he/she/it will be) or an impersonal existence (there will be).
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
G2819
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KLEE-roh
Translations: (to) lot, (to) a lot, (to) inheritance, (to) an inheritance, (to) portion, (to) a portion, (to) share, (to) a share
Notes: This word is a noun referring to a lot, an inheritance, or a portion. It is often used in the context of casting lots to make decisions or referring to a divinely appointed share or inheritance. In this dative form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to a lot' or 'for a lot'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΣ, ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΙΑ
G5043
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEK-noys
Translations: to children, for children, with children, by children, children
Notes: This word refers to children, offspring, or descendants. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can also be used to indicate possession or association.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΑΙΔΙΑ, ΥΙΟΙ, ΘΥΓΑΤΕΡΕΣ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G0165
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahee-OH-nah
Translations: age, an age, the age, eternity, the world
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, which can be a specific age or an indefinite duration, even eternity. It can also refer to the world or the present order of things. Its meaning often depends on the context, sometimes indicating a finite period and other times an unending one.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ
G4369
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-e-TETH-ees
Translations: was added, were added, was put, were put, was given, were given
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be added,' 'to be put to,' or 'to be given in addition.' It describes something that has been joined to something else, often implying an increase or an inclusion. It is used to indicate that something was joined or given in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 2nd Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΟΛΛΑΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ
G3694
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: O-PI-so
Translations: behind, after, back, backward, afterwards
Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'behind' or 'backwards', indicating direction or position. It can also be used as a preposition, typically with the genitive case, to mean 'behind' or 'after' in terms of place or time. For example, it can refer to following someone or something, or to events that occur later.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ
Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek root *ὀπίς (opis), meaning 'back' or 'behind'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master
Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G3568
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NOON
Translations: now, at present, at this time
Notes: ΝΥΝ is an adverb meaning 'now' or 'at present'. It refers to the current moment in time. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a conclusion in a discourse, indicating a shift to the present situation or a logical consequence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now'. It is cognate with Latin nunc and English 'now'.
G1248
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eh-THREP-sen
Translations: he nourished, he fed, he sustained, he brought up
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely', and the verb τρέφω (trephō), meaning 'to nourish' or 'to feed'. It means to nourish thoroughly, to sustain, or to bring up someone from childhood. It is used to describe the act of providing sustenance or care.
Inflection: Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΤΡΕΦΩ, ΘΡΕΨΩ, ΑΝΑΤΡΕΦΩ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G5064
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Part of Speech: Ordinal Numeral, Adjective
Sounds like: tes-seh-RAH-koss-ton
Translations: fortieth, a fortieth
Notes: This word is an ordinal number meaning 'fortieth'. It functions as an adjective, describing the position in a sequence, such as 'the fortieth day' or 'the fortieth year'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word ΤΕΣΣΕΡΑΚΟΝΤΑ (tesserakonta) is derived from the Greek word for 'four', ΤΕΣΣΑΡΕΣ (tessares). The suffix -κοστος indicates an ordinal number.
G4002
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Part of Speech: Ordinal Numeral, Adjective
Sounds like: PEM-p-ton
Translations: fifth, a fifth
Notes: This word means 'fifth' and is used to denote the ordinal position in a sequence. It functions as an adjective, modifying a noun to indicate that it is the fifth in a series. For example, it could refer to 'the fifth day' or 'the fifth person'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word ΠΕΜΠΤΟΣ (pemptos) is derived from the cardinal number πέντε (pente), meaning 'five'. It follows a common pattern for forming ordinal numbers in Greek.
G2094
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-tos
Translations: year, a year
Notes: This word refers to a year, a period of twelve months. It is commonly used to denote a specific year or to indicate the duration of an event in terms of years. For example, it can be used to say 'in that year' or 'for many years'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the idea of 'coming' or 'passing'.
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AF
Translations: from, away from, by, of
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), which means 'from' or 'away from'. The final vowel of ΑΠΟ is dropped (elided) when it precedes a word that begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the apostrophe-like symbol over the vowel). It indicates separation, origin, or cause, often translated as 'from' or 'away from'. It can also denote the agent 'by' or the source 'of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab, English off, and German ab.
G3756, G3757
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when
Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.
G4198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-por-YOO-thay
Translations: he went, she went, it went, he departed, she departed, it departed, he traveled, she traveled, it traveled
Notes: This verb describes the action of going, traveling, or departing. It is in the aorist tense, indicating a completed action in the past, often translated as 'he/she/it went' or 'he/she/it departed'. It is used to describe movement from one place to another.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ
G2047
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-RAY-moh
Translations: to a desert, in a desert, to a wilderness, in a wilderness, to a desolate place, in a desolate place
Notes: This word refers to a desert, wilderness, or desolate place. It is used to describe an uninhabited or sparsely populated area, often barren or uncultivated. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating location ('in the wilderness') or direction ('to the wilderness').
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΙΑ, ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ
G2400
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Part of Speech: Interjection, Adverb
Sounds like: ee-DOO
Translations: Behold, Look, See, Lo
Notes: ἸΔΟΥ is an interjection used to draw attention to something, often introducing a new or significant statement. It functions similarly to 'Behold!' or 'Look!' in English, signaling that what follows is important or noteworthy. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'here' or 'there'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἸΔΕ
Etymology: From the aorist imperative of the verb ὉΡΑΩ (HORAO), meaning 'to see'.
G4594
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: SAY-meh-ron
Translations: today
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'today'. It is used to indicate the current day or the present time. It can be used in sentences to specify when an action takes place, similar to how 'today' is used in English.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From the phrase 'τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ταύτῃ' (tē hēmerā tautē), meaning 'on this day'. It is a compound of the demonstrative pronoun 'σῆ' (sē), an old form of 'τῇ' (tē), and 'ἡμέρᾳ' (hēmerā), meaning 'day'.
G3589
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: og-DOH-ay-kon-tah
Translations: eighty
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'eighty'. It is used to indicate a quantity of eighty units and is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number. It functions similarly to the English word 'eighty' in a sentence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From the Greek word ὀγδοήκοντα (ogdoēkonta), meaning 'eighty'. It is derived from ὀκτώ (oktō), meaning 'eight', and a suffix indicating multiples of ten.
G4002
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: PEN-teh
Translations: five
Notes: This word means 'five' and is used to denote the quantity of five units. It is an indeclinable numeral, meaning its form does not change regardless of the gender, case, or number of the noun it modifies. It functions like an adjective, specifying the count of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'five' and Latin 'quinque'.
G2089
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-TEE
Translations: still, yet, further, more
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating continuation in time or degree. It can mean 'still' or 'yet' when referring to something that is ongoing or has not happened yet. It can also mean 'further' or 'more' when adding to something or indicating an additional quantity or action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΤΙ, ἘΤΙΔΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eti 'beyond, further'. It is related to Latin et 'and, also'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-MEE
Translations: I am, to be, exist, happen
Notes: This is the Koine Greek verb 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to happen'. It is a fundamental and highly irregular verb, often used as a copula (a linking verb) to connect the subject of a sentence to a predicate noun or adjective, indicating identity or a state of being. It can also indicate existence or occurrence. For example, 'Ἐγὼ εἰμι' translates to 'I am'.
Inflection: First person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: This verb is one of the oldest and most fundamental verbs in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.
G2480
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: iss-KHOO-ohn
Translations: being strong, having strength, being able, prevailing, being powerful, being healthy
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being strong' or 'having strength'. It describes someone or something that is currently in a state of power, ability, or health. It can be used to describe someone who is physically strong, or someone who has the power or ability to do something, or even someone who is healthy.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΩΝ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩΝ
G5616
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: OH-say
Translations: as if, as, like, about, approximately, some, nearly
Notes: ΩΣΕΙ is an adverb or conjunction used to indicate comparison, approximation, or similarity. It can mean "as if," "like," "about," or "approximately." It is often used to describe a quantity or duration that is not exact, or to introduce a hypothetical situation.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΠΕΡΙΠΟΥ
Etymology: From the Greek word ὡς (hōs), meaning "as" or "like," combined with the particle εἰ (ei), meaning "if."
G5615
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: oh-SAH-tooce
Translations: likewise, in like manner, similarly, even so
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'likewise' or 'in the same way'. It is used to indicate that something is done or happens in a similar manner to what has just been mentioned. It can connect ideas or actions that share a common characteristic or method.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΙΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΩΣ
Etymology: From the conjunction ΩΣ (as) and the pronoun ΑΥΤΟΣ (self, same). It literally means 'as the same' or 'in the same way'.
G2480
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: iss-KHOO-oh
Translations: to be strong, to be able, to have power, to prevail, to be valid, to be effective
Notes: This verb means to be strong, to have power, or to be able to do something. It can also mean to prevail over something or someone, or to be effective and valid. It is often used to describe physical strength, moral power, or the ability to accomplish a task.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular (lexical form)
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ἘΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ
Etymology: From ἰσχύς (ischys), meaning 'strength, might'.
G1525
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ice-EL-thain
Translations: to enter, to go in, to come in
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'to enter' or 'to go in'. It describes the action of moving into a place or situation. It is often used to indicate the commencement of an action or the arrival at a destination.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕἸΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕἸΣΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕἸΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.
G1831
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-EL-thain
Translations: to go out, to come out, to depart, to exit
Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'exerchomai', meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. It is a compound verb formed from 'ek' (out of) and 'erchomai' (to come/go). It describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or from one state to another. It can be used in contexts like leaving a house, departing from a city, or emerging from a situation.
Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G4171
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PO-le-mon
Translations: war, a war
Notes: This word refers to a state of armed conflict between different countries or groups. It is used to describe a battle or a prolonged struggle, often involving military action and violence. In a sentence, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΑΓΩΝ
G0154
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ai-TOO-mai
Translations: I ask, I beg, I request, I demand
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to ask', 'to beg', 'to request', or 'to demand'. It is used when someone is making a petition or seeking something from another person, often with a sense of urgency or earnestness. It can be used in contexts ranging from a simple request to a strong demand.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Tense, Middle/Passive Voice, Indicative Mood
Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ἈΞΙΟΩ
G4571
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SEH
Translations: you
Notes: ΣΕ is the accusative singular form of the second-person pronoun, meaning 'you' when it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It indicates the person to whom an action is done or directed.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the accusative form of the second-person singular pronoun.
G3735
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OH-ros
Translations: mountain, a mountain, hill, a hill
Notes: This word refers to a mountain or a hill. It is commonly used to describe a natural elevation of the earth's surface, often a significant landmark or a place of refuge or religious significance in ancient texts.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΝΟΣ, ΟΡΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- meaning 'to rise, to ascend'.
G2505
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: KAH-thah
Translations: as, just as, according as
Notes: ΚΑΘΑ is an adverb and conjunction meaning 'as' or 'just as'. It is used to introduce a comparison or to indicate the manner in which something is done, similar to 'according as'. It does not change its form based on gender, number, or case.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ
Etymology: ΚΑΘΑ is a contraction of κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and ἅ (ha, 'which things'). It is related to the longer forms καθάπερ (kathaper) and καθώς (kathos).
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-KAY-koh-ahs
Translations: you have heard, you have listened, you have understood
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. It is in the perfect tense, indicating an action completed in the past with continuing results in the present. It is used to describe someone who has received information or a message through hearing.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ἘΝΩΤΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G3568
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NOO-nee
Translations: now, even now, just now, at present, therefore, so then
Notes: This word is an emphatic form of the adverb 'ΝΥΝ' (now). It is used to emphasize the present moment or to introduce a consequence, meaning 'now indeed' or 'even now'. It can also function as a transitional word, similar to 'therefore' or 'so then', indicating a logical progression or conclusion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ
G1750
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: en-AH-keem
Translations: Enakim, Anakim, Anak
Notes: This word refers to the Anakim, a race of giants mentioned in the Old Testament, particularly in the books of Numbers and Deuteronomy. They were known for their great stature and were among the inhabitants of Canaan encountered by the Israelites during their conquest. The term is used to denote these specific people.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative or Genitive
Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word 'Anakim' (עֲנָקִים), meaning 'long-necked' or 'giants'. It refers to a race of tall people mentioned in the Old Testament.
G1563
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-KAY
Translations: there, in that place
Notes: This word is an adverb of place, meaning 'there' or 'in that place'. It is used to indicate a specific location that has been previously mentioned or is understood from the context. It can describe where an action takes place or where something is situated.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΝΘΑ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂
Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *eke- (that, there).
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-sin
Translations: are
Notes: This word is the third person plural form of the verb 'to be'. It means 'they are' or 'there are'. It is used to describe the state or existence of multiple subjects, similar to how 'are' is used in English. For example, 'The men are here' or 'There are many books'.
Inflection: Third person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΥΣΙΝ, ΓΙΝΟΝΤΑΙ
G3735
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: okh-yoo-RAI
Translations: strong, fortified, secure, firm
Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe something that is strong, fortified, or secure. It is often used in the context of cities, walls, or places that are well-defended or difficult to overcome. It can also refer to something that is firm or steadfast.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: meh-GAH-lai
Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great, a large
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'great' or 'large'. It can describe size, importance, intensity, or power. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating that they possess a significant degree of the quality described. For example, it can refer to a great city, a great voice, or great power.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is related to Latin magnus and English much.
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ
Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G1842
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-ol-eth-REH-oo-soh
Translations: I will utterly destroy, I will completely destroy, I will exterminate, I will wipe out
Notes: This word means to utterly destroy, exterminate, or wipe out completely. It is a strong verb indicating a thorough and decisive act of destruction, often with a sense of finality. It is typically used in a transitive sense, meaning it takes a direct object.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word ἐξολεθρεύω (exolethreúō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ὀλεθρεύω (olethreúō), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to ruin'. The prefix ἐκ intensifies the meaning of destruction, implying a complete or utter eradication.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G2127
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-lo-GAY-sen
Translations: he blessed, she blessed, it blessed, to bless, to praise, to speak well of
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to bless,' 'to praise,' or 'to speak well of.' It is often used in contexts of divine blessing or human commendation. It describes an action completed in the past by a single person or entity.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΧΑΡΙΣΤΕΩ, ΑἸΝΕΩ, ΕΥ̓ΦΗΜΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΕΩ is a compound word derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ̓ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well,' and the verb ΛΕΓΩ (legō), meaning 'to speak.' Thus, it literally means 'to speak well of' and evolved to mean 'to bless' or 'to praise.'
G5564
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KHEV-rone
Translations: Hebron
Notes: Hebron is a significant ancient city located in the Judean hills, south of Jerusalem. It is mentioned frequently in the Old Testament as a place where Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob lived and were buried. It also served as David's first capital before he moved to Jerusalem. The word refers specifically to this geographical location.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Genitive or Locative
Etymology: The name Hebron is of Hebrew origin, derived from the root HBR, meaning 'to join,' 'to unite,' or 'to be associated.' It is believed to refer to the city's role as a place of alliance or association.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-OH
Translations: (to) son, (to) a son
Notes: This word is a noun meaning 'son'. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave a gift to the son'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G2749
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KEH-nez
Translations: Kenaz
Notes: Kenaz is a proper noun, referring to a male personal name. It is used to identify individuals in biblical texts, often in genealogies or lists of leaders.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The name Kenaz is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'hunter' or 'hunting'. It is found in the Old Testament as the name of several individuals.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-geh-NEE-thay
Translations: was, became, happened, came to pass, occurred, was made
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative passive (or deponent middle) form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' or 'to be made.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating a change of state or an event taking place. For example, it can be used to say 'he/she/it became' or 'it happened.'
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive (or Deponent Middle), 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G2748
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: keh-neh-ZAI-oo
Translations: of Kenaz, of the Kenizzite, a Kenizzite
Notes: This word refers to a Kenizzite, a member of the ancient Kenizzite tribe. It is often used to describe someone belonging to or descended from this group, as seen in phrases like 'son of the Kenizzite'. It is a proper noun, referring to a specific people group.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G2193
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: EH-ohs
Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HEM-eh-ras
Translations: day, a day, of day, of a day, days
Notes: The word refers to a day, a period of 24 hours, or the daylight portion of a day. It is a feminine noun and can be used in various grammatical cases to indicate different relationships in a sentence. For example, it can denote a duration of time (e.g., 'three days') or a point in time (e.g., 'on that day').
Inflection: Feminine, Genitive Singular or Accusative Plural
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TOW-tays
Translations: of this, of that
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. As a genitive feminine singular form, it indicates possession or origin, referring to a feminine noun that is either physically near or has been previously mentioned in the discourse. It functions similarly to 'of this' or 'of that' in English, specifying a particular item or concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΗΣ, ΤΗΣΔΕ
G4368
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-TAG-ma-tee
Translations: to a command, to an order, to a decree, to an ordinance
Notes: This word refers to a command, order, or decree issued by an authority. It is used to indicate something that has been commanded or ordained, often by God or a ruler.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΟΛΗ, ΔΟΓΜΑ, ΚΕΛΕΥΣΜΑ
G3686
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-no-MA
Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority
Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or even authority, as a name often represents the person or entity itself. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive; Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. It is cognate with Latin nōmen and English name.
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G4387
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron
Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing
Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)
Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lis
Translations: city, a city, town, a town
Notes: The word 'polis' refers to a city or town, a populated center where people live and gather. In ancient contexts, it often implied a self-governing city-state, but in Koine Greek, it frequently refers simply to any significant urban settlement. It is used to denote the physical location and its inhabitants.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΚΩΜΗ, ΧΩΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (to fill) or *pel- (to build, to enclose). It refers to a fortified place or a populated area.
G709
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: AR-gov
Translations: Argob
Notes: Argob is a proper noun, referring to a region or a city in ancient Bashan, east of the Jordan River. It is mentioned in the Old Testament as part of the territory conquered by the Israelites. It is used as a geographical name.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Argob is of Hebrew origin (ארגוב, 'Argob). It refers to a region in Bashan.
G3388
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mee-tro-PO-lees
Translations: metropolis, a metropolis, mother city, capital city
Notes: This word refers to a 'mother city' or a 'capital city'. It is a compound word formed from 'μήτηρ' (mother) and 'πόλις' (city). In ancient times, it often referred to the founding city of a colony, or the chief city of a region or province. It can be used in sentences to describe a major urban center or the administrative heart of an area.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'μήτηρ' (mḗtēr, "mother") and 'πόλις' (pólis, "city"). It literally means "mother city" and was used to denote the chief city of a region or the founding city of a colony.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OW-tay
Translations: she, her, it, this, that, the same
Notes: This word is a pronoun, specifically the feminine nominative singular form of 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'she', 'her', or 'it', or as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. When used intensively, it can mean 'the same' or 'herself'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it refers to.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΗ
G2869
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-ko-PAH-sen
Translations: ceased, stopped, abated, calmed down
Notes: This word means to cease, stop, or abate. It is often used to describe the calming of winds, storms, or strong emotions like anger. It indicates that something that was active or intense has come to an end or lessened significantly.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΑΥΩ, ΛΗΓΩ, ΗΣΥΧΑΖΩ
Etymology: The word κοπάζω (kopazō) is derived from κόπος (kopos), meaning 'toil, labor, weariness'. The verb thus implies a cessation from toil or a state of weariness leading to a stop or abatement.
G4171
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-LEH-moo
Translations: (of) war, (of) battle, (of) conflict
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'polemos', meaning 'war' or 'battle'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or separation, often translated with 'of' in English, such as 'of war' or 'from war'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΕΡΙΣ
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