Ignatius’ Letter to the Ephesians Chapter 12, Interlinear version from Ignatius of Antioch (Beta)

Ignatius’ Letter to the Ephesians, Chapter 12

Interlinear version from Ignatius of Antioch (Beta)

12:1
12:2

12:1

ΟἸΔΑ
- OIDA
- I-know
ΤΙΣ
- TIS
- who
ΕἸΜΙ
- EIMI
- I-am
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΤΙΣΙΝ
- TISIN
- to-whom
ΓΡΑΦΩ
- GRAPHŌ
- I-write
ἘΓΩ
- EGŌ
- I
ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΤΟΣ
- KATAKRITOS
- condemned
ΥΜΕΙΣ
- YMEIS
- you
ἨΛΕΗΜΕΝΟΙ
- ĒLEĒMENOI
- shown-mercy
ἘΓΩ
- EGŌ
- I
ΥΠΟ
- YPO
- under
ΚΙΝΔΥΝΟΝ
- KINDYNON
- danger
ΥΜΕΙΣ
- YMEIS
- you
ἘΣΤΗΡΥΓΜΕΝΟΙ
- ESTĒRYGMENOI
- established

12:2

ΠΑΡΟΔΟΣ
- PARODOS
- passage
ἘΣΤΕ
- ESTE
- you-are
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- of-the
ΕἸΣ
- EIS
- to
ΘΕΟΝ
- THEON
- God
ἈΝΑΙΡΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ
- ANAIROUMENŌN
- ones-being-taken-up
ΠΑΥΛΟΥ
- PAULOU
- Paul
ΣΥΜΜΥΣΤΑΙ
- SYMMYSTAI
- fellow-initiates
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΗΓΙΑΣΜΕΝΟΥ
- ĒGIASMENOU
- one-having-been-sanctified
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΜΕΜΑΡΤΥΡΗΜΕΝΟΝ
- MEMARTYRĒMENON
- one-having-been-testified-about
ἈΞΙΟΜΑΚΑΡΙΣΤΟΝ
- AXIOMAKARISTON
- most-blessed
ΟΥ
- OU
- of-whom
ΓΕΝΟΙΤΟ
- GENOITO
- may-it-happen
ΜΟΙ
- MOI
- to-me
ΥΠΟ
- YPO
- under
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ἸΧΝΗ
- ICHNĒ
- footsteps
ΕΥΡΕΘΗΝΑΙ
- EURETHĒNAI
- to-be-found
ΟΤΑΝ
- OTAN
- whenever
ΘΕΟΥ
- THEOU
- of-God
ἘΠΙΤΥΧΩ
- EPITYCHŌ
- I-obtain
ΟΣ
- OS
- who
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΠΑΣΗ
- PASĒ
- every
ἘΠΙΣΤΟΛΗ
- EPISTOLĒ
- letter
ΜΝΗΜΟΝΕΥΕΙ
- MNĒMONEUEI
- he-mentions
ΥΜΩΝ
- YMŌN
- of-you
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΧΡΙΣΤΩ
- CHRISTŌ
- Anointed-One
ἸΗΣΟΥ
- IĒSOU
- Jesus

G1492

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-dah

Translations: know, understand, perceive, be aware of

Notes: This verb means 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is a perfect tense verb that functions with a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing that has resulted from a past act of perceiving or learning. It is often used to express a deep, intuitive, or experiential knowledge, as opposed to merely intellectual knowledge. It can be used with an accusative object, or with a clause introduced by 'ὅτι' (that) or an interrogative pronoun.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *weyd- 'to see, to know'. In Greek, it developed into a perfect tense verb with a present meaning, signifying a state of knowing that comes from having seen or perceived.

G5101

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G1510

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-MEE

Translations: I am, to be, exist, happen

Notes: This is the Koine Greek verb 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to happen'. It is a fundamental and highly irregular verb, often used as a copula (a linking verb) to connect the subject of a sentence to a predicate noun or adjective, indicating identity or a state of being. It can also indicate existence or occurrence. For example, 'Ἐγὼ εἰμι' translates to 'I am'.

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: This verb is one of the oldest and most fundamental verbs in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G2532

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G5100

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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-sin

Translations: (to) some, (to) any, (to) certain ones, (to) someone, (to) anyone, (to) something, (to) anything

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the indefinite pronoun or adjective 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to 'someone', 'anyone', 'something', or 'anything'. As an indefinite adjective, it means 'some', 'any', or 'a certain'. In this form, it indicates the dative case, meaning 'to' or 'for' the specified entity, and is plural, referring to multiple entities.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, All Genders

G1125

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GRA-foh

Translations: I write, I draw, I record, I inscribe

Notes: This verb means 'to write' or 'to draw'. It is commonly used to describe the act of putting words or symbols onto a surface, such as paper or a tablet. It can also refer to the act of recording information or composing a text.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΝΑΓΡΑΦΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gerbh- 'to scratch, to carve'. In ancient Greek, it evolved to mean 'to scratch, to draw, to write'.

G1473

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Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

G2632

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kah-tah-KREE-tos

Translations: condemned, a condemned one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that has been judged and found guilty, leading to a sentence or condemnation. It is used to indicate a state of being under a judicial sentence or divine judgment. For example, one might say 'He is condemned' or 'They are condemned ones'.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΓΝΩΣΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΝΟΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΤΟΣ is derived from the verb κατακρίνω (katakrinō), meaning 'to condemn'. It is formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and κρίνω (krinō), meaning 'to judge'.

G5259

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G4741

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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: es-tay-RYG-meh-noy

Translations: established, strengthened, made firm, fixed, confirmed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been established' or 'having been strengthened'. It describes a state of being made firm, stable, or confirmed. It is used to indicate that someone or something has been made secure or unshakeable, often in a spiritual or moral sense. As a participle, it functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ, ΕΔΡΑΙΟΣ, ΑΣΑΛΕΥΤΟΣ

G3928

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ROD-os

Translations: passage, a passage, passing by, a passing by, way, a way, path, a path, entrance, an entrance, departure, a departure

Notes: This word is a compound noun formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning "beside" or "along," and the noun ὁδός (hodos), meaning "way" or "road." It refers to a passing by, a way or path, or an entrance. It can describe the act of moving past something, a physical route, or an opportunity to enter. In some contexts, it can also imply a departure or a temporary stay.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΔΙΟΔΟΣ, ΕΙΣΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: From παρά (para, "beside, along") and ὁδός (hodos, "way, road"). It literally means "a way alongside" or "a passing along."

G1519

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G0337

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-ee-roo-MEH-non

Translations: of those being taken up, of those being taken away, of those being killed, of those being destroyed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anaireō', meaning 'to take up', 'to take away', or 'to kill/destroy'. In this form, it describes a group of people or things that are in the process of being taken up, taken away, or killed/destroyed. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to those who are being...' or 'concerning those who are being...'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Middle/Passive Voice, Present Tense

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΕΝΩΝ, ΦΟΝΕΥΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G4831

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soom-MOO-stai

Translations: fellow-initiates, fellow-mystics, fellow-worshippers, a fellow-initiate, a fellow-mystic, a fellow-worshipper

Notes: This is a compound word referring to individuals who are initiated into the same mysteries or share a common spiritual experience. It describes those who are 'fellow-initiates' or 'fellow-worshippers' in a shared religious or spiritual context. It implies a deep, shared understanding or participation in sacred rites or beliefs.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΜΥΣΤΑΙ, ΣΥΝΘΡΗΣΚΟΙ

G3588, G3778

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G3140

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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: meh-mar-too-REE-meh-non

Translations: having been testified, having been borne witness to, attested, confirmed, well-attested, a thing having been testified

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning it describes something that has undergone the action of testifying or bearing witness. It signifies something that has been confirmed or proven through testimony. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, referring to 'that which has been testified'.

Inflection: Perfect Passive Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ, ΠΙΣΤΟΣ, ΕΠΙΒΕΒΑΙΩΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word μαρτυρέω (martyreō) comes from μάρτυς (martys), meaning 'witness'. It refers to the act of bearing witness or testifying.

G0514, G3107

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ax-ee-oh-ma-ka-RIS-ton

Translations: most blessed, most happy, most enviable, worthy of being called blessed

Notes: This is a compound adjective formed from 'worthy' (ἈΞΙΟΣ) and 'blessed' (ΜΑΚΑΡΙΣΤΟΣ). It describes someone or something as being supremely blessed or worthy of being considered blessed. It is used to express a high degree of admiration or commendation, indicating that the subject is truly fortunate or enviable.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΑΚΑΡΙΟΣ, ΕΥΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ

G3756, G3757

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G1096

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GEH-noi-toh

Translations: let it be, may it be, so be it, amen

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to become' or 'to happen'. In this specific form, it is in the optative mood, which expresses a wish, a prayer, or a strong desire. It is often translated as 'let it be' or 'may it happen', similar to the English 'amen' when used to affirm a statement or prayer.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Optative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΙΗ, ΓΕΝΗΘΗΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'.

G3588

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G3752

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G2013

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-too-KHO

Translations: obtain, attain, succeed, hit the mark, reach, find

Notes: This verb means to obtain, attain, or succeed in something. It literally means 'to hit the mark' or 'to light upon'. It is often used with a genitive case to indicate the object that is obtained or reached. For example, one might 'obtain mercy' or 'succeed in a goal'.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen' or 'to obtain by chance'. The compound verb thus means 'to light upon' or 'to obtain'.

G3739

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G1722

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G3956

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAH-see

Translations: (to) all, (to) every, (to) whole, (to) any, (of) all, (of) every, (of) whole, (of) any

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all,' 'every,' 'whole,' or 'any.' It is used to describe a quantity or entirety. For example, it can be used with a noun to mean 'all the people' or 'every house.' In the provided examples, 'ΠΑΣΗ ΧΩΡΑ' means 'in every land' or 'in all the land,' indicating its use to modify a feminine singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter; or Plural, Accusative, Neuter; or Plural, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'all' or 'every.'

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