Home / Interlinears (Beta) / The Shepherd of Hermas — Parables / Parable 9 / Chapter 6Parable 9, Chapter 6
Interlinear version from The Shepherd of Hermas — Parables (Beta)
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G2400
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Part of Speech: Interjection, Adverb
Sounds like: ee-DOO
Translations: Behold, Look, See, Lo
Notes: ἸΔΟΥ is an interjection used to draw attention to something, often introducing a new or significant statement. It functions similarly to 'Behold!' or 'Look!' in English, signaling that what follows is important or noteworthy. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'here' or 'there'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἸΔΕ
Etymology: From the aorist imperative of the verb ὉΡΑΩ (HORAO), meaning 'to see'.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3398
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb
Sounds like: mee-KRON
Translations: small, little, a little, a small thing, a short time
Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as small in size, quantity, or importance. It can be used to refer to physical smallness, a small amount, or something of lesser significance. In its neuter form, it can also function as a noun meaning 'a small thing' or 'a little bit', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'for a short time'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Masculine or Feminine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΙΚΡΟΣ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of smallness or littleness.
G0991
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: BLEH-poh
Translations: see, look, perceive, behold, beware, consider, discern, take heed
Notes: This verb means to see, look, or perceive, often with an emphasis on the act of looking or the mental perception of something. It can be used to describe physical sight, but also to understand, discern, or pay attention to something. It is frequently used in the imperative to mean 'beware' or 'take heed'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular. As a verb, it inflects for person, number, tense, mood, and voice.
Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΩ
Etymology: From an unstated root, possibly related to the idea of 'to look' or 'to see'. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of usage.
G3911
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-ra-TA-xin
Translations: battle array, battle, line of battle, formation, arrangement, order
Notes: This word refers to the arrangement of troops for battle, a battle line, or the battle itself. It can also denote any orderly arrangement or disposition. It is often used in military contexts to describe the formation or deployment of an army.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΣΥΜΠΛΟΚΗ, ΤΑΞΙΣ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LOHN
Translations: of many, of much
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'many' or 'much'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions, translating to 'of many' or 'of much' depending on the context.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-DROHN
Translations: of men
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΑΝΗΡ' (anēr), which means 'man' or 'husband'. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of men' or 'belonging to men'. It is used to refer to adult males collectively.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ, ΒΡΟΤΩΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'man'.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: er-KHO-meh-nohn
Translations: coming, going, a coming, a going, those coming, those going, of those coming, of those going
Notes: This word is a present participle of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or an adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or habitual. In this form, it refers to 'those who are coming' or 'those who are going', often implying a group or a general state of arrival or departure. It can be used to describe people, events, or things that are in the process of arriving or moving.
Inflection: Present, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΛΘΟΝΤΩΝ, ΙΟΝΤΩΝ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G3319
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: MEH-son
Translations: middle, midst, between, among, a middle, the middle
Notes: This word refers to the middle point, space, or time. It is often used in phrases with prepositions like "ana" (ἀνά) or "en" (ἐν) to indicate being "in the midst of," "between," or "among" things or people.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΝ, ΕΝΤΟΣ
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-NEER
Translations: man, a man, husband, a husband
Notes: This word refers to a male human being, often specifically an adult male. It can also be used to denote a husband in relation to his wife. It is used in sentences to identify a male individual or a spouse.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, ΑΝΔΡΑΣ
Etymology: This word comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a 'man' or 'human being'. It is related to words for 'man' in various Indo-European languages.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G5308
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hoop-SEE-loss
Translations: high, lofty, exalted, a high one, a lofty one
Notes: This word describes something that is high in position, stature, or rank. It can refer to physical height, such as a high mountain or a high wall, or to a metaphorical height, such as a high status or an exalted position. It is often used to describe God or divine attributes, indicating His supreme authority and majesty. As an adjective, it modifies nouns and agrees with them in gender, number, and case.
Inflection: All genders, All numbers, All cases
Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΜΕΓΑΣ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩΝ
Etymology: From the Greek word ὕψος (hypsos), meaning 'height' or 'summit'. It is related to the concept of being elevated or lifted up.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G3172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEG-eh-thee
Translations: (by) size, (by) greatness, (by) magnitude, (by) extent
Notes: This word refers to the physical or abstract dimension of something, indicating its size, greatness, or magnitude. It is often used to describe the extent or measure of an object or concept. In the provided examples, it describes the 'size' or 'greatness' of a 'braxionos' (arm/power).
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣΥΝΗ, ΜΕΓΑΛΕΙΟΤΗΣ
G5620
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: HOH-steh
Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G4444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PYR-gon
Translations: tower, a tower
Notes: This word refers to a tower, which is a tall, narrow building or structure. It can be used to describe a watchtower, a fortified structure, or any elevated building. In a sentence, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb, indicating something that is built, attacked, or observed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΤΕΙΧΟΣ
G5242
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-per-EH-khein
Translations: to excel, to surpass, to be superior, to be preeminent, to be in authority, to be better
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ὑπερέχω' (hyperechō). It means to be superior, to excel, or to hold a position of authority or preeminence. It can describe someone or something that stands out above others in quality, rank, or power. For example, it might be used to say 'to excel in virtue' or 'to be in authority over others'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΕΧΩ, ΥΨΟΥΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word is a compound of 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'above', and 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to have or hold over', leading to the sense of superiority or preeminence.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G1537, G1803
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: eks
Translations: out of, from, by, of, six
Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ
Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-dres
Translations: men
Notes: This word means 'men' and is the plural form of 'man'. It refers to adult male human beings. In Koine Greek, it is often used generally to refer to people, especially in a collective sense, or specifically to males.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G3619
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MEN
Translations: building, an edifice, construction, edification
Notes: This word refers to the act of building or the structure that is built, such as an edifice or a house. It can also be used metaphorically to mean edification or spiritual building up. It is a compound word formed from ΟΙΚΟΣ (house) and ΔΟΜΗ (building, structure).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΟΜΗ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ
Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗ is derived from the verb ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ (to build a house), which itself comes from ΟΙΚΟΣ (house) and ΔΟΜΗ (building).
G2186
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: eh-fes-TOH-tes
Translations: standing over, standing by, being present, being in charge, being set over, being appointed, being imminent
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ephistēmi', meaning 'to stand over' or 'to be present'. It describes someone or something that is standing over, standing by, or has been placed in a position of authority or presence. It can refer to individuals who are in charge, appointed to a task, or simply present in a location. It can also describe something that is imminent or about to happen.
Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΩΝ, ΠΑΡΕΣΤΩΣ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ἐφίστημι (ephistēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G1188
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: dehk-see-OHN
Translations: of the right, of the right hand, right, right hand
Notes: This word refers to the right side or the right hand. It is often used in a spatial sense to indicate direction or position, such as 'on the right' or 'from the right'. In a figurative sense, it can also denote a place of honor or authority, as in 'at the right hand of God'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΔΕΞΙΟΣ
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G0710
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-ris-teh-RON
Translations: of left, of the left, of the left side
Notes: This word refers to something located on the left side or pertaining to the left. It is used to describe direction or position, often in contrast to the right side. For example, one might turn to the left or refer to things on the left hand.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, Neuter
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the idea of being 'better' or 'stronger' (as the left hand was often considered stronger in some ancient cultures, or perhaps as a euphemism for the less favored side).
G4043
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-eh-PAH-tay-san
Translations: walked, went about, lived, conducted themselves
Notes: This word is a verb in the past tense, meaning 'they walked' or 'they went about'. It can also be used metaphorically to describe how someone conducted their life or behaved. For example, it might refer to a group of people walking from one place to another, or to their manner of living.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to
Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tes
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of a group or quantity, often referring to 'all' members of a set or 'every' single item. It can also mean 'whole' when referring to a single entity.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: HOLOS
G2038
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: er-ga-SAH-me-noy
Translations: working, having worked, doing, having done, performing, having performed, producing, having produced, trading, having traded
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ergazomai', meaning 'to work' or 'to do'. It describes an action that has been completed or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can refer to physical labor, mental effort, or the performance of a task or deed. It is often used to describe someone who is engaged in a particular activity or has accomplished something.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΔΡΑΩ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-sahn
Translations: they were, were
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates an action or state that was ongoing or habitual in the past, referring to a plural subject. It functions similarly to 'were' in English, describing the state or existence of multiple entities in a past context.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
G2087
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EH-teh-roy
Translations: others, different ones, another group
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'different'. It is used to refer to a distinct group or individual that is not the same as the one previously mentioned or implied. It emphasizes a qualitative difference, indicating something of a different kind or nature.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative Masculine or Feminine, or Vocative Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΙ, ΔΙΑΦΟΡΟΙ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LOY
Translations: many, much, a lot of
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'many' or 'much'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. For example, it can be used to say 'many people' or 'much time'. It often appears in the plural form to indicate a multitude.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΙ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝΕΣ
G2944
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: KOO-kloh
Translations: around, round about, in a circle
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'around' or 'round about'. It is used to describe something that encompasses or surrounds another object or location, or movement in a circular path. It can indicate position or direction.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΞ, ΠΕΡΙ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΚΛΩ is derived from the noun ΚΥΚΛΟΣ (kyklos), meaning 'circle' or 'ring'. It describes something related to a circular shape or movement.
G1741
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: en-DOX-oy
Translations: glorious, honorable, distinguished, notable, splendid, glorious ones, honorable ones, distinguished ones
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is glorious, honorable, or distinguished. It refers to a state of high renown, splendor, or importance. It can be used to describe people who are highly respected or things that are magnificent.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ἘΠΙΣΗΜΟΣ, ἘΝΤΙΜΟΣ, ΛΑΜΠΡΟΣ
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral
Sounds like: AI
Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11
Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)
Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G3933
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: par-THEH-noy
Translations: virgins, maidens
Notes: This word refers to young, unmarried women, typically those who are virgins. It can also be used more broadly to mean maidens or young women. In a sentence, it would function as a plural noun, referring to a group of such individuals.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΡΑΙ, ΝΕΑΝΙΔΕΣ
G5083
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: tay-ROO-sai
Translations: keeping, observing, guarding, watching, preserving
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'keeping' or 'observing'. It describes an ongoing action performed by the subject. It is often used to indicate someone who is watching over something, preserving it, or adhering to a command or law. For example, it could describe people who are guarding a place or those who are diligently following instructions.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΠΑΡΑΤΗΡΕΩ, ΕΧΩ
G4327
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pros-dra-MOO-sai
Translations: running to, having run to, rushing to
Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition 'πρός' (to, towards) and the verb 'δραμεῖν' (to run). It describes an action of running or rushing towards something or someone. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and indicates an action that has already occurred (aorist tense).
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Feminine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΛΘΟΥΣΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΑΙ
G2705
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-teh-fee-LEE-san
Translations: they kissed, they kissed fervently, they kissed repeatedly
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down' or 'intensively') and the verb φιλέω (phileō, 'to love' or 'to kiss'). The compound verb means 'to kiss down upon' or 'to kiss fervently/repeatedly'. It implies a strong, affectionate, or even passionate kiss, often with a sense of devotion or deep emotion. It is used to describe an action of kissing someone thoroughly or many times.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΕΩ, ΚΥΝΕΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G0756
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: heer-XAHN-toh
Translations: they began, they started
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to begin' or 'to rule'. In this specific form, it indicates that a group of people 'began' or 'started' an action. It is often followed by an infinitive verb, indicating what they began to do.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΩ
G1451
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective, Preposition
Sounds like: eng-GYS
Translations: near, close, at hand, nigh
Notes: This word indicates proximity, either in terms of physical distance (near, close) or temporal closeness (at hand, imminent). It is often used to describe something that is about to happen or is very close in time. It can function adverbially, modifying a verb, or adjectivally, describing a noun, and sometimes as a preposition taking the genitive case.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΠΑΡΩΝ
Etymology: The etymology of ἘΓΓΥΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the root for 'hand' or 'reach', suggesting something within reach.
G4043
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-pah-TEIN
Translations: to walk, to go, to live, to conduct oneself, to behave
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'περιπατέω'. It literally means 'to walk around' or 'to go about'. Figuratively, it is often used to describe one's way of life, conduct, or behavior, meaning 'to live' or 'to conduct oneself'. It can be used in contexts referring to physical movement or to one's moral and spiritual journey.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΟΡΕΥΕΣΘΑΙ, ΖΗΝ, ΑΝΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΙΝ
Etymology: The word 'περιπατέω' is a compound word formed from 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around', and 'πατέω' (pateō), meaning 'to walk' or 'to tread'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G4444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PYR-goo
Translations: of a tower, of the tower, a tower, the tower
Notes: This word refers to a tower, a fortified structure, or a bastion. It is used to describe a tall, strong building, often part of a city wall or a fortress, providing defense or observation. It can also refer to a watchtower or a stronghold.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΑΚΡΟΠΟΛΙΣ
G2657
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-teh-NO-ee
Translations: he was observing, he was considering, he was perceiving, he was noticing, he was understanding
Notes: This verb means to observe, consider, perceive, or notice something carefully. It implies a focused and deliberate act of attention, often leading to understanding or comprehension. It is used to describe someone who is taking a close look at something or someone, mentally processing what they see.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΣΚΟΠΕΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAY-nos
Translations: that, that one, he, she, it, those, they
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. As a pronoun, it refers to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, often emphasizing distance or distinction from the speaker or listener. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating 'that' specific noun. It is used to point out something or someone 'over there' or 'the one previously mentioned', contrasting with 'this' (οὗτος).
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From ἐκεῖ (ekeî, 'there'). It refers to something or someone at a distance, contrasting with οὗτος (hoûtos, 'this one, here').
G0199
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ak-ree-BOHSS
Translations: exactly, accurately, precisely, strictly, diligently, carefully
Notes: This word means 'exactly,' 'accurately,' or 'precisely.' It is used to describe an action performed with great care, strictness, or without deviation. It emphasizes the precision or thoroughness of an action or statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΚΡΙΒΩΣΤΕΡΟΝ, ἈΚΡΙΒΕΣΤΑΤΑ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: kath
Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.
G1520
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: EH-nah
Translations: one, a, an, a certain
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the numeral 'one'. It can be used as a numeral to indicate a single unit, or as an indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'an'. It can also function as an indefinite pronoun, meaning 'a certain one' or 'someone'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to other words meaning 'one' in various Indo-European languages.
G3037
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LI-thon
Translations: stone, a stone
Notes: This word refers to a stone or rock. It is a common noun used to describe a piece of rock or mineral, often used in construction, as a boundary marker, or as a weapon. It can also be used metaphorically.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΡΑ, ΒΡΑΧΟΣ
G5584
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: psay-lah-FAN
Translations: to touch, to feel, to handle, to grope, to feel after
Notes: This word describes the act of touching or feeling something, often with the hands, especially in a way that involves groping or feeling around, as if searching or exploring by touch. It can imply a careful or tentative touch, or feeling for something that is not clearly visible. It is used to describe physical interaction with objects.
Inflection: Aorist Active Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΠΤΟΜΑΙ, ΕΦΑΠΤΟΜΑΙ
G2902
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Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective
Sounds like: kra-TON
Translations: holding, ruling, prevailing, being strong, having power, a holder, a ruler, a prevailing one, a strong one, a powerful one
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'holding,' 'ruling,' or 'prevailing.' It describes someone who is currently exercising power, strength, or control over something or someone. It can function adjectivally to describe a person or thing that holds power, or verbally to describe the action of holding or ruling. It is derived from the root word for 'strength' or 'power.'
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΩΝ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩΝ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE-nah
Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything
Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.
Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter
G4464
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: RAHB-don
Translations: rod, a rod, staff, a staff, scepter, a scepter, club, a club
Notes: This word refers to a rod, staff, or stick, often used for support, as a weapon, or as a symbol of authority (like a scepter). It can also refer to a club or a branch. In the provided context, it appears to be used in various senses, including a literal rod or staff, and metaphorically as a symbol of authority or discipline.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΞΥΛΟΝ, ΒΑΚΤΗΡΙΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEI-ree
Translations: to hand, by hand, in hand, with hand, by the hand, in the hand, with the hand
Notes: This word refers to the hand, and in this inflected form, it indicates location or means. It is often used to express 'in the hand,' 'by hand,' or 'with the hand,' signifying possession, control, or the instrument by which an action is performed. For example, 'in the hand of God' or 'by the hand of a prophet'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G3618
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: oh-koh-doh-MEH-meh-nohn
Translations: of built, of having been built, of constructed, of having been constructed
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'of things that have been built' or 'of things that have been constructed'. It describes something that has already undergone the process of being built or established. It is used to refer to the state or result of a building action.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΤΙΣΘΕΝΤΩΝ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗΘΕΝΤΩΝ
G5180
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-toop-teh
Translations: he was striking, he kept striking, he was beating, he kept beating, he was hitting, he kept hitting
Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'τύπτω' (typtō), meaning 'to strike,' 'to beat,' or 'to hit.' The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing, continuous, or repeated action in the past. Therefore, 'ἘΤΥΠΤΕ' describes someone who was repeatedly striking, beating, or hitting something or someone.
Inflection: Singular, 3rd Person, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΛΉΣΣΩ, ΠΑΤΆΣΣΩ, ΚΌΠΤΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *tup-, meaning 'to strike, beat.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.
G3752
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-tan
Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that
Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).
G3960
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-PAH-tah-ssen
Translations: he was striking, he struck, he kept striking, he was smiting, he smote, he kept smiting
Notes: This word describes an action of striking, smiting, or hitting. As an imperfect tense verb, it indicates a past action that was ongoing, repeated, or habitual. It can be used to describe someone repeatedly hitting something or someone, or an action that continued for a period in the past.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΤΥΠΤΩ, ΠΛΗΓΩ, ΚΟΠΤΩ
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GEH-non-toh
Translations: they became, they were, they came to be, they happened, they arose
Notes: This word is a past tense form of the verb 'to become' or 'to be'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating a change of state, an event happening, or the coming into existence of something. It is often used to describe what happened or what came about.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΕΝΝΑΩ
Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar concepts of becoming or originating.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TI-nes
Translations: some, certain ones, who, what
Notes: This word is an indefinite pronoun meaning 'some' or 'certain ones'. It can also function as an interrogative pronoun, asking 'who?' or 'what?' in the plural. Its meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
G3189
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-lah-nes
Translations: black, dark
Notes: This word describes something as being black or dark in color. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating their hue. For example, it can describe black horses or dark hair.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Etymology: From a root meaning 'dark'.
G5616
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: OH-say
Translations: as if, as, like, about, approximately, some, nearly
Notes: ΩΣΕΙ is an adverb or conjunction used to indicate comparison, approximation, or similarity. It can mean "as if," "like," "about," or "approximately." It is often used to describe a quantity or duration that is not exact, or to introduce a hypothetical situation.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΠΕΡΙΠΟΥ
Etymology: From the Greek word ὡς (hōs), meaning "as" or "like," combined with the particle εἰ (ei), meaning "if."
G781
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: as-bo-LEE
Translations: soot, a soot, lampblack, charcoal
Notes: This word refers to soot or lampblack, the black powdery substance produced when carbon-containing materials are burned incompletely. It is typically used to describe something that is very dark or black, often in comparison to the color of soot. It can also refer to charcoal.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΙΘΑΛΗ, ΚΑΠΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to burn' or 'to blacken'.
G2850
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ko-LO-boy
Translations: mutilated, crippled, shortened, a mutilated one, a crippled one
Notes: This word describes something that has been cut short, curtailed, or deprived of its full length or completeness. It can refer to a physical state, like being maimed or having a limb cut off, or it can be used metaphorically to describe something that is incomplete or diminished. In a sentence, it would describe a noun, such as 'the mutilated hand' or 'the shortened time'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΚΡΩΤΗΡΙΑΣΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΟΛΟΥΡΟΣ, ΠΕΠΗΡΩΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: The origin of the word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the verb κολούω (kolouō), meaning 'to cut short' or 'to mutilate'.
G3777
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: OO-teh
Translations: neither, nor, and not
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to connect two or more negative clauses or phrases. It often appears in a correlative construction, meaning 'neither... nor'. For example, 'neither this nor that'. It emphasizes the complete absence or negation of all listed items.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou, 'not') and the enclitic conjunction τέ (te, 'and'). It literally means 'and not'.
G3022
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: LEF-koy
Translations: white
Notes: This word describes the color white. It is used to indicate something that is bright, pure, or light in color. It can refer to objects, animals, or even people, describing their appearance.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural; Vocative, Masculine, Plural; Nominative, Feminine, Plural
Etymology: The word "ΛΕΥΚΟΣ" comes from an ancient root meaning 'light' or 'bright'. It is related to words describing brightness and clarity.
G5146
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: tra-KHEIS
Translations: rough, rugged, harsh, steep, difficult, a rough one, a rugged one
Notes: This word describes something that is rough, rugged, or uneven, often referring to terrain or paths that are difficult to traverse. It can also describe something harsh or severe in nature. It is used to characterize physical surfaces or conditions that are not smooth or easy.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΣ
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G4856
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: soom-foh-NOON-tes
Translations: agreeing, harmonizing, being in accord, consenting
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'agreeing' or 'being in harmony'. It describes something or someone that is in agreement or accord with something else. It is often used to describe things that fit together well or are consistent with each other, such as stones fitting together in a building, or people being in agreement on a matter.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΟΙ
Etymology: From the Greek prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΦΩΝΗ (phōnē), meaning 'sound' or 'voice'. The root verb ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ literally means 'to sound together' or 'to be in harmony', from which the English word 'symphony' is derived.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G2087
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: HEH-teh-roys
Translations: other, another, different, a different
Notes: This word refers to something that is 'other' or 'different' from what has been previously mentioned or implied. It emphasizes a distinction in kind or character, rather than just numerical difference (which would be expressed by 'ἄλλος'). It is often used to introduce a new or distinct item in a list or comparison. In the provided examples, it refers to 'other gods'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ, ΔΙΑΦΟΡΟΣ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ
G3037
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LEE-thoys
Translations: (to) stones, (with) stones, (by) stones, (in) stones, (on) stones, (for) stones, rocks
Notes: This word refers to stones or rocks. It is the dative plural form of the noun 'λίθος', meaning 'stone'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of an action, or to show means, instrument, or location, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'with', 'by', 'in', 'on', or 'for'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΡΑΙΣ, ΒΡΑΧΟΙΣ
G4696
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SPEE-loos
Translations: spots, blemishes, stains
Notes: This word refers to a spot, blemish, or stain, often implying a moral or spiritual defilement rather than just a physical mark. It is used to describe something that mars or contaminates. In the provided context, it seems to refer to people who have these 'spots' or 'blemishes', suggesting a metaphorical impurity or fault.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΩΜΟΣ, ΚΗΛΙΣ, ΑΙΣΧΟΣ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LOOS
Translations: many, much, great
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'many', 'much', or 'great'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. In this form, it functions as the direct object of a verb, indicating that 'many' people or things are being acted upon.
Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΑΦΘΟΝΟΣ
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: EKH-on-tes
Translations: having, holding, possessing, those who have, while having
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or possessing something. It functions like an adjective or adverb, providing additional information about the subject of a sentence, often translated as 'having' or 'those who have'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OW-tye
Translations: these, they, themselves
Notes: This word is a demonstrative or personal pronoun. It is used to refer to a group of feminine nouns, functioning as the subject of a sentence. It can mean 'these' when pointing something out, or 'they' when referring back to a previously mentioned group of feminine entities, or 'themselves' for emphasis.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΙ, ΕΚΕΙΝΑΙ
G4165
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: poy-ki-LEE-ah-ee
Translations: varieties, diversities, manifoldnesses
Notes: This word refers to a state of being varied, diverse, or having many different forms or qualities. It describes the presence of a wide range of elements or characteristics within a group or situation.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Vocative, or Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΜΟΡΦΙΑ, ΠΟΛΥΠΟΙΚΙΛΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΠΟΙΚΙΛΙΑ (poikilia) comes from the adjective ΠΟΙΚΙΛΟΣ (poikilos), meaning 'varied, diverse, many-colored'.
G3037
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LI-thohn
Translations: of stones, of rocks
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'λίθος' (lithos), which means 'stone' or 'rock'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or material, often translated as 'of stones' or 'made of stones'. For example, one might speak of 'a wall of stones'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΡΑ, ΒΡΑΧΟΣ
Etymology: From an unknown pre-Greek source, possibly related to words for 'rock' or 'stone' in other ancient languages.
G4550
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: sah-PRON
Translations: of rotten, of corrupt, of worthless, of bad
Notes: This word describes something that is rotten, corrupt, worthless, or bad. It can refer to things that are physically decayed, morally corrupt, or simply useless and of poor quality. It is often used to describe fruit, trees, or speech that is harmful or unwholesome.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΧΡΕΙΟΣ
G2147
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: yoo-re-THEN-tone
Translations: having been found, of those having been found, of things having been found
Notes: This word is a passive participle derived from the verb 'to find'. It describes something or someone that has been found or discovered. It is used to indicate a state or condition resulting from an action, often functioning adjectivally or substantively in a sentence, meaning 'those who have been found' or 'the things that have been found'.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΥΡΕΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΕΥΡΕΘΕΙΣ
G2753
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-keh-LEW-sen
Translations: commanded, ordered, bade, urged
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to command' or 'to order'. It is used to express an instruction or directive given by someone in authority. For example, a king might command his servants to do something, or a general might order his troops.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tas
Translations: all, every, everyone, the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality of something or someone. In this form, it is used for masculine nouns in the accusative plural, meaning 'all (of them)' or 'everyone'. It can also be used substantively to refer to 'all people' or 'everyone'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-toos
Translations: these, those
Notes: This word is the accusative plural masculine form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos). It is used to point out or refer to specific people or things that are near in proximity or time, or that have just been mentioned. It functions like 'these' or 'those' in English, often referring to a group of males or a group of mixed gender.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-teh-nekh-THEE-nai
Translations: to be carried over, to be transferred, to be moved, to be removed
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'μετά' (meta, meaning 'with' or 'after') and 'φέρω' (pherō, meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'). It means to be moved or transferred from one place to another, often implying a change of position or state. It is used to describe an action where something is taken from its current location and placed elsewhere.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΜΕΤΑΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G5087
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: teh-THEH-nai
Translations: to be placed, to be laid, to be set, to be put, to be appointed, to be established
Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. As a passive infinitive, it means 'to have been placed' or 'to be placed'. It describes an action that has been completed and whose result is ongoing, from the perspective of the subject receiving the action. It can be used in various contexts, such as something being laid down, set in place, or appointed.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΕΙΣΘΑΙ, ΤΕΤΑΧΘΑΙ
G3037
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LI-thooss
Translations: stones, rocks
Notes: This word refers to stones or rocks. It is used to describe physical pieces of rock, whether large or small, and can appear in various contexts, such as building materials, natural formations, or objects used for throwing.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΡΑΙ, ΒΡΑΧΟΙ
G1695
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: em-bleh-THEE-nai
Translations: to be cast, to be thrown, to be put, to be inserted, to be placed
Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'to cast' or 'to throw'. It describes the action of being thrown, cast, or put into something or somewhere. As an infinitive, it often functions like a noun or can complete the meaning of another verb, indicating purpose or result, such as 'to be cast into' or 'in order to be thrown'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐν' (in, into) and 'βάλλω' (to throw).
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΡΙΦΘΗΝΑΙ, ΒΛΗΘΗΝΑΙ, ΤΕΘΗΝΑΙ
G5117
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TO-pon
Translations: place, a place, region, a region, spot, a spot, location, a location
Notes: This word refers to a specific physical location, area, or region. It can be used to denote a particular spot, a general area, or even a position or status. For example, it might be used to say 'this place' or 'in that region'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΟΙΚΟΣ
G1905
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ay-roh-TAY-san
Translations: they asked, they inquired, they questioned
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to ask,' 'to inquire,' or 'to question.' It is often used when someone seeks information or clarification from another person. It can be used in various contexts, such as asking a question, making a request, or consulting someone for advice.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἐπερωτάω (eperōtaō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to,' and the verb ἐρωτάω (erōtaō), meaning 'to ask' or 'to question.'
G3618
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MOON-tes
Translations: building, those who build, builders
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'οἰκοδομέω' (oikodomeō), meaning 'to build a house' or 'to construct'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing an ongoing action. In this form, it refers to 'those who are building' or simply 'builders'. It can be used to describe people actively engaged in construction.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΓΕΙΡΟΝΤΕΣ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TI-nos
Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose
Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ
G3735
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-ROOS
Translations: (of) mountain, (of) a mountain, (of) hill, (of) a hill
Notes: ὈΡΟΥΣ is the genitive singular form of the Koine Greek noun ὈΡΟΣ, which means 'mountain' or 'hill'. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or separation, often translated as 'of a mountain' or 'from a mountain'. It can refer to a literal elevated landmass or be used metaphorically.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to a natural elevation of the earth's surface.
G2309, G2307
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Part of Speech: Verb, Noun
Sounds like: THEH-lee
Translations: to wish, to desire, to will, to want, will, desire, purpose
Notes: The word "ΘΕΛΗ" is not a standard standalone word in Koine Greek. It appears to be a truncated or inflected form, most likely related to the verb "ΘΕΛΩ" (to wish, to desire, to will) or the noun "ΘΕΛΗΜΑ" (will, desire, purpose). In the provided context, it seems to function as a noun meaning 'will' or 'desire', or as part of a verb form. It is possible it is a misspelling or an unusual inflection.
Inflection: Uncertain, potentially a truncated form of a noun or verb, or a misspelling. If a noun, it would be Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Accusative. If a verb, it would be a form of the verb 'to will'.
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-ekh-THEE-nai
Translations: to be brought, to be carried, to be borne
Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often translated with 'to be' followed by a past participle. The passive voice indicates that the subject of the action is receiving the action, rather than performing it. The aorist tense indicates a simple, completed action without emphasis on duration.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G3735
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oh-reh-OHN
Translations: of mountains, mountains
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ὄρος' (oros), meaning 'mountain' or 'hill'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship concerning multiple mountains. For example, it could mean 'belonging to mountains' or 'from mountains'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΝΩΝ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G3710
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oh-roo-GAY
Translations: digging, a digging, pit, a pit, trench, a trench
Notes: This word refers to the act of digging or the result of digging, such as a pit or a trench. It is often used to describe an excavation made in the ground.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΟΘΡΟΣ, ΛΑΚΚΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb ὀρύσσω (orussō), meaning 'to dig'.
G3976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PEH-dee-on
Translations: plain, a plain, field, a field, valley, a valley
Notes: This word refers to a flat, open area of land, such as a plain or a field. It can also denote a valley, particularly a broad, flat one. It is used in sentences to describe geographical features.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΡΟΣ, ΚΟΙΛΑΔΑ
Etymology: From the Greek word πέδον (pedon), meaning 'ground' or 'soil'. It is related to the idea of a flat surface.
G2147
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-re-THAY-san
Translations: they were found, they were discovered
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they were found' or 'they were discovered'. It is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'to find'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, where the subjects of the verb were the recipients of the action of being found.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΡΕΘΗΣΑΝ, ΚΑΤΑΛΗΦΘΗΣΑΝ
Etymology: The word ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ (heuriskō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *werh₁- ('to find, to discover'). It is related to Latin invenire ('to find').
G3037
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LI-toy
Translations: stones
Notes: This word is the plural form of 'stone'. It refers to multiple stones or rocks. It can be used in sentences where one is talking about a collection of stones, such as building materials or natural formations.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΡΑ, ΒΩΛΟΣ
G2986
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: LAM-proy
Translations: bright, brilliant, radiant, splendid, glorious, a bright, a brilliant, a radiant, a splendid, a glorious
Notes: This word describes something that is bright, shining, or splendid. It can refer to physical light, such as a bright flame or star, or to something that is metaphorically brilliant or glorious, like a splendid garment or a person of high standing. It is used to describe things that are visually striking due to their brightness or beauty.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΩΤΕΙΝΟΣ, ΛΕΥΚΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ
G5074
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: tet-ra-GOH-noy
Translations: square, four-sided
Notes: This word describes something that has four angles or sides, meaning it is square or four-sided in shape. It is used to describe objects or structures that are geometrically square.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
G4765
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: strong-GY-loi
Translations: round, circular
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'round' or 'circular'. It is used to describe objects that have a circular or spherical shape. For example, it could describe a round stone, a circular table, or a spherical object.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΙΚΟΣ, ΣΦΑΙΡΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'στρογγύλος' (strongylos) is derived from the Greek word 'στρόγγυλος' (strongylos), which means 'round' or 'compact'. It is related to the verb 'στρέφω' (strephō), meaning 'to turn' or 'to twist'.
G3745
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective
Sounds like: OH-soy
Translations: as many as, all who, whoever, how many
Notes: This word functions as a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'all who'. It introduces a relative clause and refers to a quantity or number of people or things. It is used to connect a dependent clause to a main clause, specifying the extent or number of the antecedent.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ὅς (hos, 'this, that') and the suffix -σος (-sos), indicating quantity or degree. It is related to other words indicating quantity or extent.
G4218
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PO-teh
Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime
Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.
G3037
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LI-thoy
Translations: stones
Notes: This word refers to stones or rocks. It is used to describe physical stones, but can also be used metaphorically, for example, to refer to precious stones or even people as 'living stones' in a spiritual sense. It is the plural form of the noun 'stone'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΡΑΙ, ΒΡΑΧΟΙ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3977
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pe-DEE-oh
Translations: plain, a plain, field, a field
Notes: This word refers to a flat, open area of land, such as a plain or a field. It is often used in contexts describing geographical locations or agricultural settings.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΓΡΟΣ, ΧΩΡΑ
Etymology: The word πεδίον (pedion) comes from the Ancient Greek adjective πεδίος (pedios), meaning 'flat, level', which itself is derived from πέδον (pedon), meaning 'ground, soil'.
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh
Translations: to that, for that, with that, by that, that one
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point out something or someone that is distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object or the means/instrument by which something is done. It often translates as 'to that', 'for that', or 'with that', depending on the context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-NECH-thay-san
Translations: they were brought, they were carried, they were borne, they were led
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they were brought' or 'they were carried'. It describes an action where something or someone was transported or moved by an external force. It is the third person plural, aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'pherō' (to bear, carry).
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΓΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G4439
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PY-lees
Translations: of a gate, of the gate, of a door, of the door
Notes: This word refers to a gate or a door, often a large one, such as the gate of a city or a temple. It is used to denote the entrance or access point to a place. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of a gate' or 'belonging to a gate'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΥΡΑ
G0941
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-bas-TAH-zon-toh
Translations: they were being carried, they were being borne, they were being lifted, they were being taken up
Notes: This word describes an action that was ongoing in the past, specifically that a group of subjects were in the process of being carried, borne, or lifted by someone or something else. It indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past, rather than a completed one.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΙΡΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G3933
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: par-theh-NOHN
Translations: of virgins
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'παρθένος' (parthenos), which means 'virgin' or 'unmarried woman'. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to virgins' or 'from virgins'. It is used to refer to a group of unmarried women or virgins.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
G1618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-toh-mee-THEH-san
Translations: they were cut out, they were cut down, they were cut off
Notes: This is the third person plural, aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'ἐκτέμνω' (ektémnō), meaning 'to cut out' or 'to cut off'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subjects were the recipients of the cutting action. It implies that something was removed or separated by cutting.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΤΕΜΝΩ, ΑΠΟΤΕΜΝΩ
Etymology: From 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'τέμνω' (temnō), meaning 'to cut'. The prefix 'ἐκ-' intensifies or specifies the direction of the cutting action.
G5087
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-TETH-ay-san
Translations: they were placed, they were laid, they were set, they were put
Notes: This is a verb indicating that something was placed, laid, set, or put down. It is used in the aorist tense, which describes a past action completed at a specific point in time, without emphasis on its duration. The passive voice indicates that the subject of the verb is receiving the action, rather than performing it. For example, 'the foundations were laid' or 'the thrones were set'.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G0142
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hayr-MEH-nohn
Translations: of having been lifted, of having been taken up, of having been carried away, of having been removed
Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine, feminine, or neuter perfect passive participle of the verb 'αἴρω' (airō). It describes something that has been lifted, taken up, carried away, or removed. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, and indicates a completed action that resulted in a state of being lifted or removed.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΕΩΣ, ΑΠΟΛΥΣΕΩΣ, ΑΡΣΕΝΩΝ
G4766
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: strong-GYOO-loy
Translations: round, circular, a round thing
Notes: This word describes something that is round or circular in shape. It is used to refer to objects that have a curved, continuous surface without sharp angles or corners. For example, it could describe a round stone, a circular building, or a spherical object.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΙΚΟΣ, ΣΦΑΙΡΙΚΟΣ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G4642
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: SKLEE-roy
Translations: hard, harsh, severe, cruel, stubborn, difficult, rough
Notes: This word describes something that is physically hard or unyielding, like a stone or a difficult task. It can also describe people or their actions as harsh, severe, cruel, or stubborn. It is used to convey a sense of rigidity, difficulty, or lack of compassion.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΡΑΧΥΣ, ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ
G2998
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: lah-toh-mee-THEH-nai
Translations: to be quarried, to be hewn out, to be cut out of stone
Notes: This word is a verb in the passive voice, meaning to be cut or hewn from stone, or to be quarried. It describes the action of shaping or extracting stone, often for building purposes, implying that the stone itself is undergoing the action.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΚΚΟΠΤΩ, ΤΕΜΝΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek λάας (laas, “stone”) and τέμνω (temnō, “to cut”). It literally means 'to cut stone'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G1021
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: brah-DEH-ohs
Translations: slowly, tardily, with delay
Notes: This word is an adverb that describes an action or process performed at a slow pace, without haste, or with a noticeable delay. It indicates a lack of speed or promptness in execution. It can be used to modify verbs, indicating how an action is carried out.
Inflection: Adverbial form, derived from the adjective βραδύς (slow). Does not inflect.
Synonyms: ΒΡΑΔΥΤΕΡΩΣ, ΒΡΑΔΥΝΩΣ
Etymology: The word βραδέως (bradeōs) is an adverb derived from the adjective βραδύς (bradys), meaning 'slow' or 'dull'. It is related to the concept of slowness or tardiness.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: pah-RAH
Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G3195
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: MEL-lon-TON
Translations: (of) those about to, (of) future (things/people), (of) those going to, (of) those intending to
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'μέλλω' (mellō), which means 'to be about to', 'to intend to', or 'to be destined to'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is on the verge of doing something or that pertains to the future. It often indicates an imminent action or a future state.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΩΝ, ΜΕΛΛΟΝΤΕΣ, ΜΕΛΛΟΥΣΩΝ
G2998
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: lah-toh-MEH-sthai
Translations: to quarry, to hew stone
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to quarry' or 'to hew stone'. It describes the action of cutting or shaping stone, typically from a quarry. It is used to refer to the process of extracting and preparing stone for building or other purposes.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive
Etymology: The word is a compound of 'λάας' (laas), meaning 'stone', and 'τέμνω' (temnō), meaning 'to cut'. It literally means 'to cut stone'.
G5087
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: tee-THEH-sthai
Translations: to place, to put, to lay, to set, to appoint, to make, to lay down for oneself, to appoint for oneself, to make for oneself
Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'τίθημι'. It generally means 'to place', 'to put', 'to lay', or 'to set'. In the middle voice, it can imply an action done for oneself or to oneself, such as 'to lay down for oneself' or 'to appoint for oneself'. It can also be used in a broader sense to mean 'to make' or 'to establish'.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G3029
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: LEE-ahn
Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, much, extremely
Notes: This word is an adverb that means 'very' or 'exceedingly'. It is used to intensify the meaning of an adjective, another adverb, or a verb, indicating a high degree or extent of something. For example, it can be used to say 'very good' or 'greatly rejoice'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'smoothness' or 'plainness', which then developed into the meaning of 'very' or 'exceedingly'.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
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