2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: el-THO-tes

Translations: having come, having gone, those who came, those who went

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'erchomai', meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It indicates a completed action of coming or going, often translated as 'having come' or 'having gone', or as a substantive 'those who came/went'. It can modify a noun or stand on its own to refer to the people or things that performed the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΗΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The verb 'erchomai' (from which 'elthontes' is derived) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'. It is a common and fundamental verb in Koine Greek.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G2089

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EH-tee

Translations: still, yet, even, besides, further, moreover, again, no longer

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate continuation, addition, or emphasis. It can mean 'still' or 'yet' when referring to something ongoing, 'further' or 'moreover' when adding information, or 'even' for emphasis. It can also be used with a negative to mean 'no longer' or 'not yet'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΙ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eti, meaning 'beyond, in addition'. It is related to the English word 'et' (and).

G4912

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soon-ekh-oh-MEH-noo

Translations: being held, being constrained, being pressed, being afflicted, being distressed, being seized, being confined, being hemmed in, being overcome

Notes: This word describes someone or something being held, constrained, or pressed, often by circumstances, illness, or a crowd. It can imply being afflicted, distressed, or overcome by something. It is a compound word formed from ΣΥΝ (together with) and ΕΧΩ (to have, to hold).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΜΕΝΟΥ, ΠΙΕΖΟΜΕΝΟΥ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-SO-poo

Translations: of face, of countenance, of presence, of person, of a face, of a countenance, of a presence, of a person

Notes: This word refers primarily to the 'face' or 'countenance' of a person or thing. It can also denote 'presence' or 'appearance'. In a broader sense, it can refer to the 'person' or 'individual' themselves. It is often used in phrases like 'from the face of' or 'before the face of' to mean 'from the presence of' or 'before the presence of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ' is derived from the Greek preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ὤψ' (ōps), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It literally means 'that which is before the eyes' or 'that which is turned towards'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G1415

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: doo-NAH-toyss

Translations: (to) powerful, (to) mighty, (to) able, (to) possible

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning powerful, mighty, or able. It describes someone or something possessing strength, capability, or authority. It can also refer to something that is possible or feasible. In its dative plural form, as seen in the examples, it often translates to 'to the powerful' or 'for the mighty', indicating the recipients or beneficiaries of an action.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ

G0997

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: boh-ay-THOON-tes

Translations: helping, assisting, aiding, those who help, those who assist

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'helping' or 'assisting'. It describes someone who is actively providing aid or support. It can be used to refer to 'those who help' or 'the ones helping' in a given situation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΑΡΩΓΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: From βοή (boē), meaning 'a cry', and θέω (theō), meaning 'to run'. The original sense is 'to run to the cry for help'.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G0758

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AR-khone

Translations: ruler, a ruler, chief, a chief, prince, a prince, magistrate, a magistrate, leader, a leader

Notes: This word refers to a person in a position of authority or leadership. It can denote a ruler, a chief, a prince, or a magistrate. It is commonly used to describe those who hold power or are at the head of a group or organization.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to rule, to begin'. It refers to one who is first in rank or power, or one who begins something.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: geh-boh-THEY-too

Translations: Gebotheitou, of Gebotheitou

Notes: This word is a proper noun, likely a transliteration of a Hebrew name or place, possibly referring to a person or a family. In the provided context, it appears in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, meaning 'of Gebotheitou'. It does not appear to be a common Greek word but rather a foreign name adopted into the Greek text.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: This word is a transliteration from a Semitic language, likely Hebrew, into Koine Greek. It does not have a Greek etymology.

G0963

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: beh-reh-KHEI-ah

Translations: Berachiah, Berechiah

Notes: This is a proper noun, specifically a masculine personal name of Hebrew origin. It means 'Yahweh blesses' or 'blessed of Yahweh'. It refers to a specific individual and is used in contexts like genealogies or lists of people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Βερχεία (Berechiah) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name בֶּרֶכְיָה (Berekhyah), meaning 'Yahweh blesses' or 'blessed of Yahweh'. It is a compound name combining 'bless' (ברך) and 'Yahweh' (יה).

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-HOOL

Translations: Jehiel, Jeiel

Notes: This word is a proper noun, likely a transliteration of a Hebrew personal name. It refers to a specific individual named Jehiel or Jeiel, a common name in the Old Testament, meaning 'God lives' or 'God sweeps away'. It is used to identify a person in a narrative context.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְחִיאֵל (Yechiel), which means 'God lives' or 'May God live'. It is a compound of the Hebrew words יְחִי (yechi), meaning 'may he live', and אֵל (El), meaning 'God'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ah-nah-BO-theh-ee

Translations: Anabothei, of Anabothei, an Anabothei

Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a personal name or a place name, or an adjectival form derived from such a name. Given the context provided, it seems to function as a descriptor or identifier, possibly indicating origin or lineage, similar to a patronymic or a toponymic adjective. It is not a common Koine Greek word found in standard lexicons, suggesting it might be a rare proper name, a variant, or potentially a scribal error or a very specific geographical/personal reference.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative or Genitive

G1047

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: gah-bah-oh-NEE-tays

Translations: Gibeonite, a Gibeonite

Notes: This word refers to an inhabitant of Gibeon, an ancient city in Canaan. The Gibeonites were a people group mentioned in the Old Testament, known for their cunning in making a treaty with Joshua. It is used to identify a person as originating from or belonging to the city of Gibeon.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: Derived from ΓΑΒΑΩΝ (GABAON), the name of the city Gibeon, with the suffix -ΙΤΗΣ (-ITES) indicating an inhabitant or descendant.

G1415

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: doo-NAH-tos

Translations: able, powerful, mighty, strong, possible, a mighty one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that possesses power, strength, or ability. It can refer to physical might, moral strength, or the capacity to do something. It can also mean 'possible' when referring to an event or situation. It is often used to describe God as 'the Mighty One'.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (can also be Feminine or Neuter, and other cases/numbers depending on context)

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΕΝΔΥΝΑΜΟΣ

Etymology: From δύναμαι (dynamai), meaning 'to be able, to have power'. It relates to the concept of inherent power or capability.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G5144

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: tree-AH-kon-tah

Translations: thirty

Notes: This word means 'thirty' and is used to denote the number 30. It functions as an indeclinable numeral, meaning its form does not change regardless of the gender, case, or number of the noun it modifies. It is typically used to quantify nouns, indicating a quantity of thirty units.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From τρεῖς (treis, “three”) and a suffix related to -κοντα (-konta, “-ty”), indicating multiples of ten. It is cognate with Latin triginta and English thirty.

G2426

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: yeh-zee-EL

Translations: Jeziel

Notes: This word is a proper noun, specifically a masculine personal name. It refers to Jeziel, a name found in the Old Testament, particularly in the Septuagint. The final mark (ʼ) is a keraia, indicating that the word is being used as a numeral, specifically the number 17. However, in the provided context, it functions as a proper noun, likely due to a scribal convention or a specific textual tradition where the keraia might be used to mark proper nouns or for other purposes not directly related to its numerical value in this instance. It is typically used to refer to a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Etymology: The name Jeziel is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name יְחִיאֵל (Yechi'el), meaning 'God lives' or 'May God live'. It appears in the Old Testament as the name of several individuals.

G1045

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: GA-da-ra

Translations: Gadara

Notes: Gadara was an ancient city in the Roman Decapolis, located southeast of the Sea of Galilee. It was known for its hot springs and was a center of Greek culture. In the New Testament, it is mentioned in connection with Jesus' ministry, specifically the healing of demon-possessed men.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Etymology: The origin of the name 'Gadara' is uncertain, but it is believed to be of Semitic origin, possibly related to a word meaning 'fortress' or 'enclosure'.

G4540

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-mah-REE-ah

Translations: Samaria

Notes: Samaria refers to a region in ancient Palestine, located between Galilee to the north and Judea to the south. It was also the name of the capital city of the northern kingdom of Israel. The term can refer to either the geographical region or the city itself, and is often used in historical and biblical contexts.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The name Samaria is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word 'Shomron', which means 'watch-mountain' or 'watch-tower'. It was named after Shemer, the owner of the hill on which the city was built.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: kha-RAI-fei

Translations: Charaiphei

Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a personal name. It is a transliteration from a Hebrew name, possibly a variant spelling or a less common form of a name found in biblical genealogies. As a proper noun, it would function as the subject or object of a sentence, referring to a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Etymology: This word is a transliteration of a Hebrew proper name into Koine Greek. Its exact Hebrew origin is uncertain, but it likely refers to an individual mentioned in ancient genealogies or records.

G1661

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: el-KAH-nah

Translations: Elkanah

Notes: Elkanah is a proper noun, referring to a male personal name of Hebrew origin. It means 'God has created' or 'God has possessed'. In the Old Testament, several individuals bear this name, most notably the father of the prophet Samuel. It is used to identify a specific person.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Elkanah is of Hebrew origin (אֶלְקָנָה, 'Elqanah), meaning 'God has created' or 'God has possessed'. It is a compound of 'El' (God) and 'qanah' (to create, to possess).

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOO-nee

Translations: Jesus

Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or an unusual variant of the proper noun 'ΙΗΣΟΥΣ' (Iesous), which refers to Jesus. The ending '-ΕΙ' is not a standard inflection for 'Jesus' in Koine Greek. It is most likely a scribal error for 'ΙΗΣΟΥΝ' (Iesoun), the accusative form, or 'ΙΗΣΟΥ' (Iesou), the genitive/dative form, or even 'ΙΗΣΟΥΣ' (Iesous), the nominative form. In its correct forms, 'Jesus' refers to Jesus of Nazareth, the central figure of Christianity.

Inflection: Likely a misspelling of a form of 'Jesus'. If it were a correct form, it would be Singular, Masculine. It could be an attempt at Accusative (ΙΗΣΟΥΝ), Genitive (ΙΗΣΟΥ), Dative (ΙΗΣΟΥ), or Nominative (ΙΗΣΟΥΣ).

Etymology: From Hebrew 'Yeshua' (Joshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation'. It was a common name in the Second Temple period.

G2488

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: so-BO-am

Translations: Ish-bosheth, Ishbosheth

Notes: This is a proper noun, specifically a masculine personal name. It refers to Ish-bosheth, one of the sons of King Saul in the Old Testament. The name means 'man of shame' or 'man of Baal'. In the provided context, it appears as part of a list of names, indicating its use to identify an individual.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Etymology: The name ΣΟΒΟΑΜ (Ish-bosheth) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name אִישׁ בֹּשֶׁת (Ish-bosheth), meaning 'man of shame'. It is a variant of the name Eshbaal, where 'Baal' was replaced with 'bosheth' (shame) due to negative connotations associated with Baal worship.

G2879

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: koh-REE-tai

Translations: Korahites, Korahite, the Korahites

Notes: This word refers to the descendants of Korah, a Levite who rebelled against Moses and Aaron in the Old Testament. They are often mentioned in the Bible, particularly in connection with temple service and the authorship of certain Psalms. It is a plural form, indicating a group of people.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From the Hebrew name קֹרַח (Qorach), meaning 'baldness' or 'ice'. It refers to a specific individual in the Old Testament and his descendants.

G1636

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-lee-AH

Translations: olive, olive tree, an olive, an olive tree

Notes: This word refers to the olive tree or its fruit, the olive. It is commonly used in discussions about agriculture, food, or as a symbol, particularly in biblical contexts where the olive tree often represents peace, prosperity, or the nation of Israel.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The word ΕΛΙΑ (elia) is derived from the older Greek word ΕΛΑΙΑ (elaia). Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient term for the olive tree and its fruit.

G2193

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: zah-bah-DEE-ah

Translations: Zabadiah, Zabadia

Notes: This is a proper noun, specifically a masculine personal name of Hebrew origin. It refers to several individuals mentioned in the Old Testament, often translated as 'Yahweh has bestowed' or 'Yahweh has given'. It is used to identify specific people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The name Ζαβαδία (Zabadiah) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name זְבַדְיָה (Zebadyah), meaning 'Yahweh has bestowed' or 'Yahweh has given'. It combines the Hebrew root זָבַד (zabad), meaning 'to give' or 'to bestow', with a shortened form of the divine name Yahweh.

G5563

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-ho-ris-THEE-san

Translations: they were separated, they separated, they were divided, they divided

Notes: This word describes the action of being separated or divided from something or someone. It is used to indicate a state where individuals or things have been set apart or have moved away from each other. It is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'χωρίζω'.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΧΩΡΙΖΩ, ΑΠΟΧΩΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word χωρίζω (chorizo) comes from the Greek word χωρις (choris), meaning 'separately' or 'apart'. It describes the act of making something separate or distinct.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2047

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-REH-moo

Translations: of a desert, of a wilderness, of a desolate place, of a solitary place, a desert, a wilderness, a desolate place, a solitary place

Notes: This word refers to a desolate, uninhabited, or solitary place, often translated as 'desert' or 'wilderness'. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'desolate' or 'deserted'. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'from the wilderness' or 'through the desert'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΙΑ, ΕΡΗΜΟΣ

G3913

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pah-rah-TAH-kseh-ohs

Translations: of battle array, of battle line, of battle, of array, of order

Notes: This word refers to the arrangement of troops for battle, a battle line, or the act of drawing up an army in formation. It can also refer more generally to an array or order. In a sentence, it would describe something belonging to or related to a military formation or a state of readiness for conflict.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΑΞΙΣ, ΣΥΝΤΑΞΙΣ, ΜΑΧΗ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΤΑΞΙΣ is derived from the verb παρατάσσω (paratassō), meaning 'to arrange side by side' or 'to draw up in battle array'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and τάσσω (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'.

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ai-RO-tes

Translations: taking up, lifting, carrying, bearing, taking away, removing, picking up, raising, enduring, suffering

Notes: This word is a present active participle, masculine or feminine, nominative or accusative plural form of the verb 'αἴρω' (airō). It describes an action of 'taking up,' 'lifting,' 'carrying,' or 'taking away' that is ongoing or habitual. It can also imply enduring or suffering something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΦΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-OH-pon

Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance

Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-SOH-pah

Translations: faces, countenances, presences, persons, appearances

Notes: This word refers to faces, countenances, or presences. It can also denote a person or an outward appearance. In a broader sense, it can refer to the surface of something. It is the plural form of the noun 'prosopon'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΕΙΣ, ΕΙΔΗ, ΥΠΟΣΤΑΣΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'prosopon' is a compound word formed from 'pros' (πρός), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ops' (ὤψ), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It originally referred to the part of the face that is seen, then extended to mean the face itself, and later a person or presence.

G2895

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-foi

Translations: light, a light, nimble, swift, a swift, trivial, a trivial

Notes: This word describes something as light in weight, not heavy. It can also refer to something that is nimble or swift, indicating quickness or agility. In a figurative sense, it can mean trivial or insignificant, lacking importance or substance.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΦΡΟΣ, ΤΑΧΥΣ, ΕΥΚΙΝΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of the word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of hollowness or emptiness.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3716

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: o-REH-oh

Translations: to care for, to take care of, to be concerned about, to be anxious about, to have regard for

Notes: This verb means to care for or to be concerned about something or someone. It implies a sense of responsibility or anxiety regarding a matter. It can be used in contexts where one is looking after something or showing solicitude.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΩ, ΦΡΟΝΤΙΖΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek word ὀρέω (oreō), meaning 'to stretch out, reach for, long for'. The sense of 'caring' or 'being concerned' developed from the idea of reaching out or striving for something.

G0002

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ab-DEH-yah

Translations: Abdeia

Notes: Abdeia is a proper noun, specifically a feminine personal name of Hebrew origin. It is the Greek transliteration of the Hebrew name 'Abdiya' or 'Abidah', meaning 'servant of Yahweh' or 'my father is Yahweh'. It is used to refer to a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Abdeia is a Greek transliteration of the Hebrew name 'Abdiya' or 'Abidah', which means 'servant of Yahweh' or 'my father is Yahweh'. It is derived from the Hebrew root 'abad' (to serve) and 'Yah' (a short form of Yahweh).

G1208

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: DEH-oo-teh-ros

Translations: second, a second

Notes: This word means 'second' in terms of order, rank, or time. It is used to indicate the item or person that follows the first in a sequence. As an adjective, it modifies nouns and agrees with them in gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This adjective inflects for gender (masculine, feminine, neuter), number (singular, plural), and case (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative).

Etymology: From an unused root meaning 'to follow'. It is related to the concept of 'two' but specifically denotes the ordinal position.

G1483

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-thoy

Translations: let him be accustomed, let it be accustomed, let them be accustomed, may he be accustomed, may it be accustomed, may they be accustomed

Notes: This word is an inflection of the verb ἔθω (ethō), meaning 'to be accustomed' or 'to accustom'. It is used to express a wish or a command, indicating that someone or something should become accustomed to a particular state or action. It can also imply a customary practice or habit.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Present, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΙΩΘΑ, ΣΥΝΗΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἔθω (ethō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be accustomed' or 'to dwell'. It is related to words signifying custom, habit, and dwelling.

G1622

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EK-toss

Translations: outside, without, out of, except, besides

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'outside' or 'without', indicating a location or state of being external to something. It can also be used as a preposition, often with the genitive case, to mean 'out of', 'except', or 'besides', indicating exclusion or a boundary.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΞΩ, ΠΑΡΕΞ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', combined with the suffix -τος, forming an adverb of place.

G3589

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: OG-doos

Translations: eighth, the eighth, an eighth

Notes: This word refers to the ordinal number 'eighth'. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as being the eighth in a sequence, or as a noun to refer to the eighth one or the eighth day. In the New Testament, it often refers to the eighth day of the week, which is Sunday, or the day after the Sabbath, symbolizing new beginnings or resurrection.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: Derived from the cardinal number ΟΚΤΩ (OKTO), meaning 'eight'. It follows the standard pattern for forming ordinal numbers in Greek.

H4439

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mel-kha-BAN-neh-ah

Translations: Malchiah, Malchijah

Notes: This is a proper noun, a transliteration of a Hebrew personal name. It refers to a specific individual named Malchiah or Malchijah. It is used in the same way as a name would be used in English, identifying a person.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Hebrew name מַלְכִּיָּה (Malkiyyah), meaning 'My King is Yah' or 'Yah is King'. It is derived from the Hebrew words מֶלֶךְ (melek, 'king') and יָהּ (Yah, a shortened form of Yahweh).

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: ee-AH

Translations: eleven, 11

Notes: This is a scribal abbreviation for the Greek numeral 11. In ancient Greek manuscripts, numbers were often represented by letters of the alphabet. The overline (or 'titlos') indicates that the letters represent a number rather than a word. In this system, 'I' represents 10 and 'A' represents 1, so 'ΙΑ' combined signifies 11. It functions as a cardinal number.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The Greek numeral system, known as the Ionic or Milesian system, assigns numerical values to letters of the alphabet. 'Iota' (I) represents 10, and 'Alpha' (A) represents 1.

G1540

Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective

Sounds like: heh-ka-TON

Translations: hundred, a hundred

Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'one hundred'. It is used to indicate a quantity of one hundred of something. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or sometimes as a substantive.

Inflection: Does not inflect for gender, number, or case in its basic form, though it can be used with various cases depending on the noun it modifies.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ḱm̥tóm, meaning 'hundred'. It is related to similar words in other Indo-European languages.

G3398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: mee-KROS

Translations: small, little, short, young, unimportant, least

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'small' or 'little' in size, quantity, or importance. It can also refer to something that is 'short' in stature or 'young' in age. It is used to describe nouns, indicating their relative size or significance.

Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Singular; or Nominative/Accusative, Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Singular; or Vocative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΕΛΑΧΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΜΙΚΡΟΣ' comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'small' or 'little'.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gas

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, significant, powerful

Notes: ΜΕΓΑΣ is an adjective meaning "great" or "large." It is used to describe the size, intensity, or importance of something or someone. For example, it can refer to a large storm, a great priest, or a significant event. As an adjective, it changes its form to match the gender, number, and case of the noun it describes.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative. As an adjective, it inflects for gender, number, and case to agree with the noun it modifies.

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is a primary adjective in Greek.

G1224

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-VAN-tes

Translations: having crossed, having passed through, crossing, passing through

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διαβαίνω' (diabainō), meaning 'to cross over' or 'to pass through'. As a participle, it describes an action related to the main verb of a sentence, often indicating a completed action (e.g., 'having crossed') or an action occurring concurrently with the main verb (e.g., 'while crossing'). It is used to describe someone or something that has performed the action of crossing or passing through.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΔΙΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

G2446

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-or-DAH-nane

Translations: Jordan

Notes: This word refers to the Jordan River, a major river in the Middle East. It is frequently mentioned in the Bible as a significant geographical feature and a site of many important events, such as the Israelites' crossing into the Promised Land and John the Baptist's baptisms.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The word 'ΙΟΡΔΑΝΗΣ' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word 'Yarden' (יַרְדֵּן), meaning 'to descend' or 'the descender', referring to the river's rapid descent.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-toh

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, before, at the first, in the first

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'first' or 'foremost'. It is used to indicate something that is initial in time, order, or importance. In the dative case, as seen here, it often translates to 'at the first' or 'in the first' when referring to a time or place, or 'to the first' when indicating direction or recipient.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *per-, meaning 'forward' or 'through'. It is the superlative form of 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G4137

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pep-lay-RO-koss

Translations: having fulfilled, having completed, having filled, having made full

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, indicating an action that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It describes someone who has brought something to completion, filled something up, or made something full. It is often used to describe the fulfillment of prophecy or a task.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΑΝΑΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΕΚΠΛΗΡΟΩ

G2910

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kray-PEE-dah

Translations: foundation, a foundation, base, a base, substructure, a substructure

Notes: This word refers to the foundation or base of a structure, such as a building or wall. It signifies the lowest part upon which something else is built or rests, providing support and stability. It can be used literally for physical structures or metaphorically for the underlying principles or beginnings of something.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΕΜΕΛΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΡΗΠΙΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or related to a root meaning 'to build' or 'to make firm'.

G1377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEE-oh-ksan

Translations: they pursued, they persecuted, they chased, they drove away

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'διώκω'. It describes an action of pursuing, chasing, or following, often with the intent to catch or overtake. It can also mean to persecute, harass, or drive away, especially when the pursuit is hostile or involves expulsion. In a broader sense, it can mean to earnestly endeavor or strive after something.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΥΝΗΓΕΩ, ΕΚΔΙΩΚΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G0833

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ow-LOH-nas

Translations: valley, a valley, glen, a glen, ravine, a ravine

Notes: This word refers to a valley, glen, or ravine, typically a long, narrow depression between hills or mountains. It describes a geographical feature, often implying a passage or a place of shelter. It is used in the singular form.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΑΡΑΓΞ, ΚΟΙΛΑΔΑ

Etymology: The root word ΑΥΛΩΝ (aulōn) is derived from the Greek word αὖλος (aulos), meaning 'flute' or 'pipe', possibly referring to the shape of a valley resembling a pipe or channel. It describes a hollow or channel-like formation in the landscape.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EEL-thon

Translations: I came, I went, they came, they went

Notes: This word is an aorist form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. The aorist tense describes an action that occurred at a specific point in the past, without emphasizing its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I came/went' (first person singular) or 'they came/went' (third person plural), depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to move' or 'to go'.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ei-RAY-nayn

Translations: peace, a peace, tranquility, harmony, rest

Notes: This word refers to a state of peace, tranquility, or harmony. It can describe a cessation of conflict, a sense of well-being, or a harmonious relationship between individuals or groups. It is often used in contexts of spiritual or social peace.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗϹΥΧΙΑ, ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥϹΙϹ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΡΗΝΗ (eirēnē) is derived from the Greek verb εἴρω (eirō), meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together'. It originally conveyed the idea of a state of being joined together in unity and harmony, leading to the meaning of peace.

G2240

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: HEH-kah-teh

Translations: you have come, you came, you are present

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to have come' or 'to be present'. It describes an action of arrival or presence, often implying a state of having arrived and now being there. It is used when referring to a group of people who have arrived.

Inflection: Second Person Plural, Perfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, ΑΦΙΚΝΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἥκω (hēkō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *sekʷ- meaning 'to follow' or 'to go'.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EF

Translations: upon, on, over, to, against, at, by, for, in, among, with, toward, concerning, because of

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), which means 'upon' or 'on'. The final vowel of ΕΠΙ is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'upon, on, over, during'; with the dative, it means 'on, at, by, for, in addition to'; and with the accusative, it means 'on, to, against, over, toward'. It is a very common and versatile preposition.

Inflection: Does not inflect (elided form of a preposition)

G2190

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ekh-THROYSS

Translations: to enemies, to foes, to adversaries, to hostile ones

Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or adversarial. It can be used as a noun meaning 'enemy' or 'foe', or as an adjective meaning 'hostile' or 'hateful'. In this form, it indicates the dative case, meaning it's the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It is a plural form, referring to multiple enemies or hostile individuals.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΙΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΙΣ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G225

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-LAY-thee-ah

Translations: truth, a truth

Notes: This word refers to truth, reality, or sincerity. It is often used to describe something that is factual, genuine, or in accordance with reality. It can also refer to the concept of truth as a moral or spiritual quality. For example, it might be used in a sentence to say 'the truth is in us' or 'we are of the truth'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΣ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ' comes from the Greek prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and 'λήθη' (lethe), meaning 'forgetfulness' or 'concealment'. Thus, it literally means 'un-forgetfulness' or 'un-concealment', implying that which is revealed or not hidden.

G1651

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LENG-kseh-toh

Translations: he was convicted, he was reproved, he was rebuked, he was exposed, he was corrected, he was convinced

Notes: This is a verb meaning to be convicted, reproved, rebuked, exposed, corrected, or convinced. It describes an action where someone is brought to light, shown their error, or proven guilty. It is used to indicate that a person or their actions are being scrutinized and found wanting, or that they are being persuaded by evidence.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΜΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: i-RAY-nay

Translations: peace, a peace, tranquility, harmony, rest, prosperity

Notes: This word refers to a state of peace, tranquility, or harmony. It can denote the absence of conflict, a sense of well-being, or even prosperity. It is often used in greetings or farewells, wishing someone well, and can refer to both internal peace and external societal peace.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΡΗΝΗ is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from a verb meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together', suggesting a state of unity or agreement.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-RAY-nay

Translations: peace, a peace, tranquility, quietness, rest, harmony

Notes: This word refers to a state of peace, tranquility, or harmony. It can describe a cessation of war, a state of quietness, or a harmonious relationship between individuals or groups. It is a common word used in various contexts to denote well-being and absence of conflict.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗϹΥΧΙΑ, ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥϹΙϹ

Etymology: From a primary verb εἴρω (eirō), meaning 'to join'. The word originally conveyed the idea of binding together or joining, leading to the concept of unity and harmony, and thus peace.

G0998

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: boh-ee-THOYS

Translations: to helpers, for helpers, with helpers, helpers

Notes: This word refers to those who provide aid or assistance. It is a compound word formed from βοή (boē), meaning 'a cry' or 'shout', and θέω (theō), meaning 'to run'. Thus, it literally means 'one who runs to a cry for help'. It is used to describe someone who comes to the rescue or offers support.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΙ, ΑΝΤΙΛΗΜΠΤΟΡΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΒΟΗΘΟΣ (boēthos) is derived from the Greek words βοή (boē), meaning 'a cry' or 'shout', and θέω (theō), meaning 'to run'. It describes someone who runs to a cry for help.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G0997

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-boh-AY-thay-sen

Translations: he helped, she helped, it helped, he came to the aid of, she came to the aid of, it came to the aid of

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'βοηθέω' (boētheō), meaning 'to help' or 'to come to the aid of'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that 'he', 'she', or 'it' provided assistance or aid to someone or something. It is often used in contexts where someone is in need of rescue or support.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ΒΟΗΘΕΩ (boētheō) is derived from the noun βοήθεια (boētheia), meaning 'help' or 'aid', which itself comes from βοή (boē), 'a cry', and θέω (theō), 'to run'. Thus, it originally conveyed the idea of 'running to a cry for help'.

G4367

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-e-TAK-sa-to

Translations: he commanded, he ordered, he instructed, he appointed

Notes: This word is the aorist middle indicative, third person singular form of the verb "προστάσσω" (prostassō). It means "he commanded" or "he ordered." It describes an action completed in the past, where someone issued a command or gave an instruction. The middle voice suggests that the subject is acting for themselves or in their own interest, or simply that the action is performed by the subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Singular Number

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ

G4327

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ed-EK-sah-toh

Translations: received, accepted, awaited, expected

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. Together, it means to receive or accept someone or something, often with an implication of welcome or expectation. It can also mean to await or expect something. It is used to describe an action completed in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G0758

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AR-khon-tas

Translations: rulers, leaders, princes, chief officials, magistrates

Notes: This word refers to those in positions of authority or power, such as rulers, leaders, or magistrates. It is used to describe individuals who hold a prominent or governing role within a community or system. In the provided context, it appears to refer to people who are in a state or condition, or who are present, rather than specifically 'rulers'. However, the primary meaning of the root word is 'ruler'. Given the context, it seems to be a participle of the verb 'υπάρχω' (to be, to exist, to be present), which would be 'υπάρχοντας'. If it is indeed 'ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΣ' as a standalone word, it would mean 'rulers'. However, the example usage strongly suggests it's part of 'ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΣ', which is a present active participle, accusative plural, meaning 'being' or 'existing'. If the input 'ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΣ' is a typo for 'ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΣ', then it means 'those who are' or 'being'. If it is truly 'ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΣ', it means 'rulers'. Given the context, it is highly probable that 'ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΣ' is a misspelling or a fragment of 'ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΣ'.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine (if from ΑΡΧΩΝ); or Present Active Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine/Feminine/Neuter (if from ΥΠΑΡΧΩ)

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣΤΗΣ

G4334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ekh-OH-ray-san

Translations: they went over, they joined, they came over, they approached, they yielded

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to go over to,' 'to join,' 'to approach,' or 'to yield.' It describes the action of moving towards or aligning oneself with someone or something, often implying a change of allegiance or a physical approach. It is a compound word formed from 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and 'χωρέω' (choreo), meaning 'to go' or 'to make room.'

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΓΓΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΧΩΡΕΩ is a compound of the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and the verb ΧΩΡΕΩ (choreo), meaning 'to go,' 'to make room,' or 'to advance.' The combination signifies moving towards or making way for something.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EL-thin

Translations: to come, to go, to arrive

Notes: ΕΛΘΙΝ is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), which means 'to come' or 'to go'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to come' or 'to go', often used to express purpose, result, or as the object of another verb. For example, 'he desired to come' or 'they were ready to go'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The root verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁erǵʰ-, meaning 'to go, to move'. It is a common verb in Koine Greek and has cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G0246

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: al-LO-fy-looss

Translations: foreign, of another tribe, alien, a foreigner, an alien

Notes: This word describes someone or something that belongs to a different tribe, race, or nation. It signifies being foreign or alien, not belonging to the same people or group. It is often used to refer to non-Israelites or Gentiles in a biblical context.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΣ, ΑΛΛΟΓΕΝΗΣ

Etymology: Derived from ΑΛΛΟΣ (ALLOS), meaning 'other', and ΦΥΛΗ (PHYLE), meaning 'tribe' or 'race'. It literally means 'of another tribe'.

G0997

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-boh-AY-thay-san

Translations: they helped, they aided, they came to the aid of, they gave assistance

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'βοηθέω' (boētheō). It describes an action of providing help or assistance that occurred in the past, typically a completed action. It signifies that a group of people offered aid or came to someone's rescue.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'βοηθέω' (boētheō) is derived from 'βοή' (boē), meaning 'a cry' or 'shout', and 'θέω' (theō), meaning 'to run'. Thus, it literally means 'to run to a cry for help', evolving into the sense of 'to help' or 'to assist'.

G1012

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BOO-lay

Translations: counsel, a counsel, plan, a plan, purpose, a purpose, will, a will, decision, a decision

Notes: This word refers to a counsel, a plan, a purpose, or a decision. It denotes the act of deliberating or the result of such deliberation, often implying a firm intention or resolution. It can be used in contexts referring to human plans or, more profoundly, to the divine will or purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΜΑ, ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΠΡΟΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb βούλομαι (boulomai), meaning 'to will, wish, or purpose'. It refers to the act or result of willing or planning.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G0246

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: al-lo-FY-lon

Translations: (of) foreigners, (of) aliens, (of) strangers, (of) other tribes, (of) Philistines

Notes: This word refers to people of another tribe, nation, or race, essentially meaning 'foreigners' or 'aliens'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other', and 'φυλή' (phylē), meaning 'tribe' or 'race'. In some contexts, particularly in the Septuagint (the Greek Old Testament), it specifically refers to the Philistines, who were a foreign people to the Israelites. It is used to describe those who are not part of one's own people or group.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΙ, ΕΘΝΗ

Etymology: The word is a compound of ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other', and φυλή (phylē), meaning 'tribe' or 'race'. It literally means 'of another tribe'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: leh-GON-tohn

Translations: (of) saying, (of) speaking, (of) telling, (of) relating, (of) calling, (of) naming

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the present active participle of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It refers to 'those who are saying' or 'of those who are speaking'. It is often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, or to describe the action of a group of people who are speaking.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Particle

Sounds like: EP-see-lon (as a letter name), eh (as a sound)

Translations: E, 5, if, then, indeed

Notes: This is the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet, epsilon. It can represent the number 5. As a standalone word, 'Ε' is not typically found in Koine Greek texts. It is highly probable that 'Ε' in the provided context is a typographical error or an abbreviation for a word like 'εἰ' (if) or 'ἐν' (in). If it were 'εἰ', it would function as a conditional particle meaning 'if'. If it were 'ἐν', it would be a preposition meaning 'in' or 'among'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or numeral). As a particle, it does not inflect.

Etymology: The letter Epsilon (Ε) is derived from the Phoenician letter He. Its name 'epsilon' means 'simple E' to distinguish it from the diphthong 'αι' (ai), which had come to be pronounced the same way.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: (to) that, (for) that, that (one)

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something or someone distant in time or space from the speaker. It is used to point out a specific person or thing, often in contrast to something closer or more immediate. In this dative singular form, it indicates the indirect object of an action or the recipient of something.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G1994

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-STREP-see

Translations: he will return, she will return, it will return, he will turn back, she will turn back, it will turn back, he will convert, she will convert, it will convert

Notes: This word is the third person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'epistrepho'. It means to turn around, return, or convert. It implies a change of direction, either physically (turning back to a place) or spiritually (turning from one way of life or belief to another). It is often used in the context of repentance or conversion to God.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: The word 'epistrepho' is a compound word formed from 'epi' (meaning 'upon' or 'to') and 'strepho' (meaning 'to turn'). It literally means 'to turn upon' or 'to turn towards'.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-ON

Translations: Lord, a Lord

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΝ (KYRION), meaning 'Lord'. It is the accusative singular form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (KYRIOS), which means 'Lord' or 'Master'. It is used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or sometimes to a human master or owner. In the provided context, it is used with the accusative article 'ΤΟΝ', indicating it is the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ

Etymology: From ΚΥΡΟΣ (KYROS), meaning 'power' or 'authority'. It refers to one who has power or authority, hence 'lord' or 'master'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G3413

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mee-khah-EHL

Translations: Michael

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the archangel Michael. It is a common name in biblical texts, often appearing in contexts related to spiritual warfare or divine intervention. The apostrophe-like character (keraia) at the end indicates that the word is being used as a numeral, representing the number 40, but in this context, it is almost certainly a proper noun, with the keraia possibly indicating an abbreviation or a scribal mark, or simply being a common way to write proper nouns in some manuscripts. Given the context of names, it is highly probable it refers to the archangel.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: From Hebrew 'Mikha'el', meaning 'Who is like God?'. It is a rhetorical question implying that no one is like God.

G2497

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-sah-BETH

Translations: Jochebed

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Jochebed, the mother of Moses and Aaron in the Old Testament. The final apostrophe (keraia) indicates that this is a numerical value, specifically 10 + 800 + 200 + 1 + 2 + 5 + 8 + 9 = 1045. However, in this context, it is almost certainly a proper name, and the keraia is likely a scribal mark or a misinterpretation of a coronis, or simply a stylistic choice in some manuscripts, as proper nouns are not typically marked with keraia for numerical value. It is the name of a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine

Etymology: The name Jochebed is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'Yahweh is glory' or 'Yahweh is glorious'. It is derived from the Hebrew name יֹוכֶבֶד (Yokheved).

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOY

Translations: they, themselves, to them, for them, to themselves, for themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun (they, them) or a reflexive pronoun (themselves). It can also be used to emphasize a noun, meaning 'the very' or 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the case and context. For example, in the nominative case, it typically means 'they' or 'themselves', while in the dative case, it means 'to them' or 'for them'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΙ, ΟΥΤΟΙ

G1448

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: geh-DOOR

Translations: Gedor

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to a place or a person named Gedor. In the provided context, it appears to refer to a place or a group of people associated with that place, possibly a town or a region. It is used in various cases depending on its role in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Genitive, or Accusative

Etymology: The name Gedor is of Hebrew origin (גְּדוֹר, Gĕdôr), meaning 'walled place' or 'fortification'. It refers to several places and individuals in the Old Testament.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-sahn

Translations: they were, they had been

Notes: ΗΣΑΝ is an inflected form of the verb 'ΕΙΜΙ' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Specifically, it is the third person plural imperfect indicative form. It describes an ongoing or continuous state or action in the past, often translated as 'they were' or 'they used to be'. It is commonly used to describe the state or existence of multiple subjects in a past context.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative

Etymology: The Koine Greek verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) derives from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental and frequently used verbs in the language, indicating existence, state, or identity.

G2233

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: hee-goo-MEH-noy

Translations: leaders, a leader, rulers, a ruler, chiefs, a chief, governors, a governor, those who lead, those who rule

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'hegeomai', meaning 'to lead' or 'to rule'. When used as a noun, it refers to those who are in a position of leadership, authority, or governance. It can describe political rulers, religious leaders, or anyone who guides or directs others.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present Middle/Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΕΣΤΩΤΕΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G4756

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TEE-ah

Translations: army, host, a host

Notes: This word refers to an army, a military force, or a large group of people, often a heavenly host. It is commonly used to describe a body of soldiers or a multitude of individuals acting together. For example, it can refer to the 'army of heaven' or a human military force.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΙΑ (stratia) comes from the Greek word στρατός (stratos), meaning 'encampment' or 'army'. It refers to a body of soldiers or a host.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EHR-khon-toh

Translations: they were coming, they came, they were going, they went

Notes: This is the imperfect indicative middle/passive form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. So, 'they were coming' or 'they were going' indicates a continuous movement or a series of arrivals/departures in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-no-MAH-tah

Translations: names, the names

Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or scribal error for ΟΝΟΜΑΤΑ (onomata), which is the plural form of the noun ΟΝΟΜΑ (onoma), meaning 'name'. It refers to multiple designations, titles, or reputations. In ancient Greek, names held significant meaning, often reflecting character, destiny, or authority. It is used to refer to the appellations by which individuals, places, or things are known.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΗϹΙϹ, ΕΠΩΝΥΜΙΑ

G5564

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KHEV-rone

Translations: Hebron

Notes: Hebron is a significant ancient city located in the Judean hills, south of Jerusalem. It is mentioned frequently in the Old Testament as a place where Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob lived and were buried. It also served as David's first capital before he moved to Jerusalem. The word refers specifically to this geographical location.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Genitive or Locative

Etymology: The name Hebron is of Hebrew origin, derived from the root HBR, meaning 'to join,' 'to unite,' or 'to be associated.' It is believed to refer to the city's role as a place of alliance or association.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G3750

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: ok-ta-KO-see-oy

Translations: eight hundred

Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'eight hundred'. It is used to quantify nouns, indicating a count of 800. Like many Greek numerals, it inflects to agree in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine (can also be Feminine or Neuter, and other cases like Genitive, Dative, Accusative depending on context)

Etymology: From the Greek word 'οκτώ' (okto), meaning 'eight', and 'ἑκατόν' (hekaton), meaning 'hundred'. It literally means 'eight hundreds'.

G4826

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: soo-MEH-ohn

Translations: Symeon, Simeon

Notes: Symeon is a proper noun, referring to a male individual. It is the Greek form of the Hebrew name Simeon, meaning 'he has heard'. In the New Testament, it refers to several figures, most notably the prophet who recognized the infant Jesus in the temple.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative

Etymology: The name Symeon is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Shim'on (שִׁמְעוֹן), meaning 'he has heard'. It is associated with the second son of Jacob and Leah in the Old Testament.

G0002

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: AH-a-rohn

Translations: Aaron

Notes: This is the name of Aaron, the elder brother of Moses and the first high priest of Israel. He is a significant figure in the Old Testament, known for his role in the Exodus and the establishment of the Levitical priesthood. As a proper noun, it refers specifically to this individual.

Inflection: Singular, Indeclinable

Etymology: The name Aaron is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew name Aharon (אַהֲרֹן). Its precise etymology is debated, but it is often associated with meanings like 'mountain of strength' or 'enlightened'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G5140

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: trays-KHEE-lee-oy

Translations: three thousand

Notes: This word is a compound numeral meaning 'three thousand'. It is used to quantify a large number of items or people, indicating a quantity of 3,000. It functions as an adjective, agreeing in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine (can also be Feminine or Neuter, and other cases depending on context)

Etymology: This word is a compound of the Koine Greek words ΤΡΕΙΣ (treis), meaning 'three', and ΧΙΛΙΟΙ (chilioi), meaning 'thousand'.

G4524

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: SAH-doke

Translations: Zadok

Notes: Zadok was a prominent high priest in ancient Israel during the reigns of King David and King Solomon. He was a descendant of Aaron and played a significant role in the religious and political life of the kingdom, particularly in the succession of Solomon to the throne. The name is often associated with faithfulness and righteousness.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name Zadok is of Hebrew origin (צָדוֹק, Tsadoq), meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. It is derived from the Hebrew root 'tsadaq', which means 'to be righteous' or 'to be just'.

G2480

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: is-KHOO-eh

Translations: he is strong, she is strong, it is strong, he prevails, she prevails, it prevails, he is able, she is able, it is able, he has power, she has power, it has power

Notes: This word is a verb that means to be strong, to have power, or to prevail. It describes the state of possessing strength, capability, or influence. It can be used to indicate that someone or something is effective, valid, or has authority.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ

Etymology: From ἰσχύς (ischys, "strength, might").

G3614

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-kee-AS

Translations: (of) house, (of) home, (of) household, (of) family

Notes: This word refers to a house, a dwelling place, or a home. It can also extend to mean a household or a family, encompassing the people living within the house. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, similar to 'of a house' or 'belonging to a household'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'dwelling'. It refers to a physical dwelling or a family unit.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-ston

Translations: most, very great, very many, a very great, a very many

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. It indicates the greatest quantity or number of something. It can be used to describe a large amount or a large number of people or things. For example, it could refer to 'the most people' or 'the greatest amount of something'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ

Etymology: The word πλεῖστος (pleistos) is the superlative form of the adjective πολύς (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pelh₁- meaning 'to fill, to be full'.

G0658

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-KO-pei

Translations: looked away, looked intently, looked steadfastly, looked eagerly, looked away from

Notes: This word is a verb, meaning to look away from something in order to fix one's gaze on something else, or to look intently and steadfastly at a particular object. It implies a focused and eager gaze, often with an element of anticipation or expectation. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'απο' (away from) and the verb 'σκοπεω' (to look, to observe).

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-la-KAY

Translations: prison, a prison, guard, a guard, watch, a watch, custody, a custody, (into) prison, (into) custody, (into) a guard, (into) a watch

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΦΥΛΑΚΗΝ, the accusative singular form of ΦΥΛΑΚΗ. It refers to a place of confinement, such as a prison or jail, or the act of guarding or keeping watch. It can also denote a group of guards or a period of time during which a watch is kept. In context, it often appears with prepositions like 'εις' (into) to indicate movement into a state of imprisonment or custody.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-KOO

Translations: of a house, of a home, of a household, of a family, of a temple, of a dwelling

Notes: This word is a noun referring to a house, home, or dwelling place. It can also refer to a household, family, or even a temple. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to'. It is used to describe the place where people live or a group of people living together.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ

G2181

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: EF-ra-eem

Translations: Ephraim

Notes: Ephraim is a proper noun referring to a significant figure and tribe in the Old Testament. He was the second son of Joseph and the grandson of Jacob (Israel). The tribe of Ephraim became one of the most prominent and influential of the twelve tribes of Israel, often representing the northern kingdom of Israel as a whole. It is used to refer to the individual, his descendants, or the territory they inhabited.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Etymology: From Hebrew אֶפְרַיִם (ʾEfrayim), meaning 'fruitful' or 'doubly fruitful'.

G2479

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: iss-KHOO-ee

Translations: to strength, by strength, with strength, in strength, to power, by power, with power, in power, to might, by might, with might, in might

Notes: This word is a noun meaning strength, power, or might. It is typically used to describe physical or moral force, ability, or influence. In this form, it indicates the dative case, meaning it functions as the indirect object of a verb or follows a preposition that takes the dative, often translated as 'to strength,' 'by strength,' 'with strength,' or 'in strength.'

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

G3687

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oh-no-MAS-toy

Translations: named, renowned, famous, of note, notable

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is named, renowned, or famous. It is used to indicate a person or thing that is well-known or has a significant reputation. It can be used to describe individuals who are distinguished or celebrated.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ, ΕΠΙΣΗΜΟΣ, ΠΕΡΙΒΛΕΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek word ΟΝΟΜΑ (ONOMA), meaning 'name', and the suffix -τος (-tos), which forms verbal adjectives, indicating capability or result. Thus, it means 'that which is named' or 'worthy of being named'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G3611

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: oy-KOON-tes

Translations: dwelling, inhabiting, living, those who dwell, those who inhabit, those who live

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'oikeō', meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It describes someone or something that is currently dwelling or living in a place. It is often used to refer to 'those who dwell' or 'the inhabitants' of a particular area, such as the earth or a city.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΝΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-koos

Translations: houses, homes, households, temples, a house, a home, a household, a temple

Notes: This word refers to a house, home, or dwelling place. It can also extend to mean a household, family, or even a temple or lineage. In the provided context, it appears to be the accusative plural of 'house' or 'household', indicating the objects of an action.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the idea of dwelling or inhabiting. It is a common word in ancient Greek for a dwelling.

G3966

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-TREE-oh

Translations: ancestral, hereditary, traditional, of the fathers, of the ancestors

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'ancestral' or 'hereditary', referring to things passed down from one's fathers or ancestors. It can describe customs, traditions, laws, or even people (as in 'ancestral rulers'). It is often used in the plural to refer to 'ancestral things' or 'traditions'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter; or Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΩΟΣ

G2478

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ISS-sah-khar

Translations: Issachar

Notes: Issachar is a proper noun referring to one of the twelve sons of Jacob and Leah in the Old Testament, and subsequently, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The name is of Hebrew origin and means 'there is a reward' or 'man of reward'.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Etymology: The name Issachar is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew words 'יש' (yesh, meaning 'there is') and 'שכר' (sakhar, meaning 'reward'). It is associated with Leah's statement upon his birth, indicating a reward from God.

G1097

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: gih-NOH-skon-tes

Translations: knowing, understanding, perceiving, those knowing, those understanding

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'to know' or 'to understand'. It describes an ongoing action of knowing or perceiving. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, meaning 'those who know' or 'the ones knowing'. It implies a continuous state of awareness or comprehension.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΕΣ

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOY

Translations: brothers, fellow believers, countrymen, kinsmen

Notes: This word refers to brothers, either by blood or in a broader sense, such as fellow countrymen, kinsmen, or members of the same community or faith. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is commonly used to address a group of male individuals who share a close bond or common origin.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ, ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΙ

G1607

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ek-por-yoo-OH-men-oy

Translations: going out, coming out, proceeding, issuing, marching out

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'going out' or 'coming out'. It describes an action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or originating from something. It can refer to people marching out for war, or things issuing forth from a source.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἐκπορεύομαι (ekporeuomai) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πορεύομαι (poreuomai), meaning 'to go' or 'to journey'.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: khai-roh-KAI-nos

Translations: rejoicing in new things, delighting in novelty, gladly new

Notes: This word is a compound adverb formed from the verb 'χαίρω' (chairo), meaning 'to rejoice' or 'be glad', and the adjective 'καινός' (kainos), meaning 'new' or 'fresh'. It describes an action done with joy or delight in something new or novel. It suggests a disposition of welcoming or embracing newness with gladness. It is a rare word, possibly a hapax legomenon or a neologism, meaning it might appear only once or be a newly coined term in the texts where it is found.

Inflection: Does not inflect

G3508

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: nef-tha-LEI

Translations: Naphtali, of Naphtali

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Naphtali, the sixth son of Jacob and Bilhah, and the progenitor of one of the twelve tribes of Israel. It is also used to refer to the tribe itself or the territory occupied by the tribe. In the provided context, it appears in a genitive form (ΝΕΦΘΑΛΕΙΜ) meaning 'of Naphtali', indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name Naphtali is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'my struggle' or 'my wrestling'. It is derived from the Hebrew word נַפְתָּלִי (Naphtali).

G3900

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-TAS-so-me-noy

Translations: being arrayed, being drawn up, being set in order, being arranged for battle, arraying themselves, drawing themselves up

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'being arrayed' or 'being drawn up'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing, where the subject is either performing the action on themselves (middle voice) or having the action done to them (passive voice). It is often used in military contexts to describe troops being arranged or prepared for battle.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΑΤΤΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΤΑΣΣΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΔΙΑΤΑΤΤΟΜΕΝΟΙ

G4008

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: peh-RAN

Translations: beyond, over, on the other side, across

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'beyond' or 'on the other side,' indicating a location or direction. It can also be used as a preposition, typically with the genitive case, to mean 'beyond' or 'across' something, indicating movement or position relative to a boundary.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΚΕΙΝΑ, ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ

Etymology: From the root *per- meaning 'to pass through, to go over.' It is related to the verb περάω (peraō), meaning 'to pass through' or 'to cross.'

G2446

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-or-DAH-noo

Translations: of Jordan

Notes: This word refers to the Jordan River, a significant geographical feature in the Middle East, particularly important in biblical narratives. As a proper noun, it designates a specific river. In this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of Jordan' or 'from Jordan'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Jordan' is of Hebrew origin, from the word 'Yarden', meaning 'the descender' or 'to descend', referring to the river's rapid descent.

G4632

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKEV-eh-see

Translations: (to) vessels, (to) instruments, (to) equipment, (to) goods, (to) utensils, (with) vessels, (with) instruments, (with) equipment, (with) goods, (with) utensils

Notes: This word refers to various kinds of equipment, tools, containers, or articles. It can denote anything from household utensils and storage vessels to military equipment or personal belongings. In a broader sense, it can also refer to instruments or apparatus used for a particular purpose.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΛΕΙΟΝ, ΟΠΛΟΝ, ΚΤΗΜΑ

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE

Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.

G2640

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kah-tah-LOI-poss

Translations: remaining, rest, residue, remnant, a remnant

Notes: This word describes something that is left over or remaining. It refers to the residue or remnant of a group or quantity after a portion has been removed or used. It can be used to describe people, things, or a part of something that continues to exist.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and the verb λείπω (leipo), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'. It literally means 'that which is left behind'.

G2068

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ess-THEE-on-tess

Translations: eating, devouring, consuming, those who eat, those who devour, those who consume

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ΕΣΘΙΩ' (esthiō), meaning 'to eat' or 'to consume'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In its present form, it indicates an ongoing action. It is often used to describe people or entities that are actively engaged in the act of eating or, more metaphorically, devouring or consuming something, such as property or souls.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΣΘΙΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ

G3674

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: oh-mo-ro-OON-tes

Translations: bordering, adjoining, being contiguous, having a common boundary

Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action. It describes something or someone that is sharing a common boundary or is adjacent to something else. It is used to denote proximity or a shared border.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΡΕΥΟΝΤΕΣ, ΓΕΙΤΟΝΕΥΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix 'ὁμο-' (homo-), meaning 'same' or 'common', and 'ὅρος' (horos), meaning 'boundary' or 'limit'. The verb 'ὁμοροέω' means 'to have the same boundary'.

G3488

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: NEF-tha-lim

Translations: Naphtali, of Naphtali

Notes: This word refers to Naphtali, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, or the tribe descended from him, or the territory allotted to that tribe in ancient Israel. The final apostrophe (keraia) indicates that this is a numerical value, specifically 5000, but in this context, it is almost certainly a proper noun referring to Naphtali, with the keraia possibly being a scribal mark or a variant spelling.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative or Genitive

Etymology: From Hebrew נַפְתָּלִי (Naphtali), meaning 'my wrestling'.

G5342

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-feh-ron

Translations: they were carrying, they were bearing, they brought, they carried

Notes: This is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was happening at a specific point in the past. It can be used to describe people or things being transported or brought somewhere.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ

Etymology: The verb φέρω (pherō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer-, meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, including English 'bear' and Latin 'fero'.

G3816

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-LA-thas

Translations: cake of dried fruit, a cake of dried fruit, fig cake, a fig cake, dried figs

Notes: This word refers to a cake made of dried fruit, most commonly figs. It was a common food item in ancient times, often prepared for travel or as a provision. It is typically used as a singular or plural noun, referring to one or more such cakes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΑΛΑΘΗ

Etymology: The word παλάθας (palathas) is a variant of παλάθη (palathē), which is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to a cake of dried fruit, especially figs.

G3448

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MOS-khoos

Translations: calf, a calf, young bull, a young bull, bullock, a bullock

Notes: This word refers to a young bovine animal, typically a calf or a young bull. It is often used in the context of sacrifices or livestock. For example, it might be used to describe an animal offered in a religious ceremony or as part of a herd.

Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΑΥΡΟΣ, ΒΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΟΣΧΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to Latin 'muscus' (musk) but the connection to the animal is not clear.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G2167