Martyrdom of Polycarp Chapter 20, Interlinear version from Polycarp of Smyrna (Beta)

Martyrdom of Polycarp, Chapter 20

Interlinear version from Polycarp of Smyrna (Beta)

20:2

20:2

ΤΩ
- TŌ
- to-the
ΔΕ
- DE
- but
ΔΥΝΑΜΕΝΩ
- DYNAMENŌ
- one-being-able
ΠΑΝΤΑΣ
- PANTAS
- all
ΗΜΑΣ
- ĒMAS
- us
ΕἸΣΑΓΑΓΕΙΝ
- EISAGAGEIN
- to-bring-in
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- the
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ
- AUTOU
- his
ΧΑΡΙΤΙ
- CHARITI
- grace
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΔΩΡΕΑ
- DŌREA
- gift
ΕἸΣ
- EIS
- into
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ἘΠΟΥΡΑΝΙΟΝ
- EPOURANION
- heavenly
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ
- AUTOU
- his
ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑΝ
- BASILEIAN
- kingdom
ΔΙΑ
- DIA
- through
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- the
ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΟΥΣ
- MONOGENOUS
- only-begotten
ΠΑΙΔΟΣ
- PAIDOS
- child
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ
- AUTOU
- his
ἸΗΣΟΥ
- IĒSOU
- Jesus
ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ
- CHRISTOU
- Anointed-One
ΔΟΞΑ
- DOXA
- glory
ΤΙΜΗ
- TIMĒ
- honor
ΚΡΑΤΟΣ
- KRATOS
- power
ΜΕΓΑΛΩΣΥΝΗ
- MEGALŌSYNĒ
- greatness
ΕἸΣ
- EIS
- into
ΤΟΥΣ
- TOUS
- the
ΑἸΩΝΑΣ
- AIŌNAS
- ages
ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΕΤΕ
- PROSAGOREUETE
- Greet
ΠΑΝΤΑΣ
- PANTAS
- all
ΤΟΥΣ
- TOUS
- the
ΑΓΙΟΥΣ
- AGIOUS
- holy-ones
ΥΜΑΣ
- YMAS
- you
ΟΙ
- OI
- the
ΣΥΝ
- SYN
- with
ΗΜΙΝ
- ĒMIN
- us
ΠΡΟΣΑΓΡΕΥΟΥΣΙΝ
- PROSAGREUOUSIN
- greet
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΕΥ̓ΑΡΕΣΤΟΣ
- EUARESTOS
- well-pleasing
Ο
- O
- the
ΓΡΑΨΑΣ
- GRAPSAS
- one-having-written
ΠΑΝΟΙΚΕΙ
- PANOIKEI
- with-all-the-household

G1161

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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1410

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-noh

Translations: being able, able, powerful, one who is able, (to) one who is able, (to) the one being able

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is currently able or powerful. It can be translated as 'being able' or 'one who is able', often indicating capability or potential.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Dative, Singular

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ

G1521

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-ah-gah-GAIN

Translations: to bring in, to lead in, to introduce, to bring, to lead

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕἸΣ (into, to) and the verb ἈΓΩ (to lead, to bring). It means to bring or lead someone or something into a place or situation. It is often used in contexts where people or objects are brought before someone, into a house, or into a specific state.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣΑΓΩ is a compound of the preposition ΕἸΣ (into, to) and the verb ἈΓΩ (to lead, to bring). ἈΓΩ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, to pull, to move'.

G1722

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G2532

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1431

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOH-reh-ah

Translations: gift, a gift, free gift, present

Notes: This word refers to a gift or a present, something given freely and without expectation of return. It emphasizes the gratuitous nature of the giving. It can be used in sentences to describe an offering, a donation, or a benevolent act.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΧΑΡΙΣ, ΔΟΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΩΡΕΑ (dōrea) comes from the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), meaning 'to give'. It refers to something that is given.

G1519

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2032

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-oo-RAH-nee-on

Translations: heavenly, a heavenly thing, celestial, a celestial thing

Notes: This word describes something that is 'heavenly' or 'celestial', meaning it pertains to the heavens or the spiritual realm. It is often used to refer to things that originate from, belong to, or are characteristic of God or the divine sphere. It can be used to describe places, beings, or concepts that are not earthly.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΡΑΝΙΟΣ, ἈΝΩΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΟΥΡΑΝΙΟΣ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and ΟΥ̓ΡΑΝΟΣ (ouranos), meaning 'heaven' or 'sky'. Thus, it literally means 'that which is upon or in the heavens'.

G1223

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3588, G3778

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G3439

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: moh-noh-geh-NOOS

Translations: (of) only begotten, (of) unique, (of) one and only

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'only begotten' or 'unique'. It is often used to describe a child who is the only one of their kind, particularly in a spiritual sense to refer to Jesus Christ as the 'only begotten Son' of God. It emphasizes uniqueness and singular origin rather than merely being the firstborn. It is a compound word formed from 'μόνος' (monos, 'only') and 'γένος' (genos, 'race, kind, offspring').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G5547

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khri-STOO

Translations: of Christ, of the Anointed One, of the Messiah

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It refers to the one chosen and consecrated by God, particularly Jesus. As a genitive case, 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ' indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It can be used to describe something that pertains to Christ or is from Christ.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ

G1391

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOK-sah

Translations: glory, a glory, splendor, honor, praise, reputation, dignity, majesty

Notes: This word refers to glory, splendor, or honor. It can describe the inherent majesty of God, the praise given to someone, or a person's reputation. It is often used in a theological context to refer to the divine nature or manifestation of God's presence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΕΥΚΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb δοκέω (dokeō), meaning 'to seem, to appear, to think'. The noun originally referred to an opinion or expectation, then evolved to mean 'reputation' and eventually 'glory' or 'splendor'.

G5092

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEE-may

Translations: honor, a price, value, respect, a sum, esteem, dignity

Notes: This word refers to honor, respect, or esteem, often implying a high regard for someone or something. It can also denote a monetary value or price, indicating the worth of an item or a sum paid. It is used in sentences to describe the value or respect attributed to a person, object, or action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑ, ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΕΡΔΟΣ

Etymology: This word comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to estimate'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'.

G2904

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KRAH-toss

Translations: power, strength, might, dominion, rule, a power, a strength

Notes: This word refers to power, strength, or might, often implying a forceful or dominant kind of power. It can also denote dominion or rule, indicating authority or control over something or someone. It is frequently used in contexts describing God's power or the power of a ruler.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From a primary verb meaning 'to be strong'. It is related to the idea of physical or inherent strength and ability.

G3172

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-gah-loh-SOO-nee

Translations: greatness, majesty, magnificence, a greatness, a majesty, a magnificence

Notes: This word refers to the quality or state of being great, majestic, or magnificent. It is often used to describe the supreme power, dignity, and splendor of God, emphasizing His exalted nature. It can be used in sentences to express the grandeur or eminence of someone or something, particularly in a theological context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΥΨΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΓΑΛΩΣΥΝΗ is derived from the adjective μέγας (megas), meaning 'great' or 'large'. It describes the quality of being great or magnificent.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G4862

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G2101

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-AR-es-tos

Translations: pleasing, acceptable, well-pleasing

Notes: This word describes something that is pleasing or acceptable, often in a moral or spiritual sense. It is a compound word formed from 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and 'ἀρεστός' (arestos), meaning 'pleasing'. It is used to describe actions, attitudes, or offerings that are agreeable or satisfactory, especially to God.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΔΟΚΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: From 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and 'ἀρεστός' (arestos), meaning 'pleasing', which comes from 'ἀρέσκω' (areskō), meaning 'to please'.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G1125

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: grap-SAS

Translations: having written, who wrote, after writing, when he wrote

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed prior to the action of the main verb in the sentence. It can be translated in various ways depending on context, such as 'having written' or 'the one who wrote'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΩ

G3824

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Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pan-OY-kee

Translations: with all his household, with his whole house, as a whole household

Notes: This word is a compound adverb meaning 'with all one's household' or 'as a whole household'. It is used to describe an action performed by an entire family or household collectively. For example, it might be used to say that someone rejoiced with their entire family.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word is a compound of ΠΑΣ (PAS), meaning 'all' or 'every', and ΟΙΚΟΣ (OIKOS), meaning 'house' or 'household'. The ending -ΕΙ forms an adverb.

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