Martyrdom of Polycarp Chapter 15, Interlinear version from Polycarp of Smyrna (Beta)

Martyrdom of Polycarp, Chapter 15

Interlinear version from Polycarp of Smyrna (Beta)

15:1
15:2

15:1

ἈΝΑΠΕΜΨΑΝΤΟΣ
- ANAPEMPSANTOS
- having-sent-up
ΔΕ
- DE
- and
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ
- AUTOU
- him
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ἈΜΗΝ
- AMĒN
- Amen
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΠΛΗΡΩΣΑΝΤΟΣ
- PLĒRŌSANTOS
- having-fulfilled
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ΕΥ̓ΣΗΝ
- EUSĒN
- prayer
ΟΙ
- OI
- the
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΠΥΡΟΣ
- PYROS
- fire
ἈΝΘΡΩΠΟΙ
- ANTHRŌPOI
- people
ἘΞΗΨΑΝ
- EXĒPSAN
- lit
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΠΥΡ
- PYR
- fire
ΜΕΓΑΛΗΣ
- MEGALĒS
- of-great
ΔΕ
- DE
- and
ἘΚΛΑΜΨΑΣΗΣ
- EKLAMPSASĒS
- having-flashed-forth
ΦΛΟΓΟΣ
- PHLOGOS
- flame
ΘΑΥΜΑ
- THAUMA
- [a] wonder
ΕἸΔΟΜΕΝ
- EIDOMEN
- we-saw
ΟΙΣ
- OIS
- to-whom
ἸΔΕΙΝ
- IDEIN
- to-see
ἘΔΟΘΗ
- EDOTHĒ
- it-was-given
ΟΙ
- OI
- who
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- also
ἘΤΗΡΗΘΗΜΕΝ
- ETĒRĒTHĒMEN
- we-were-kept
ΕἸΣ
- EIS
- into
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ἈΝΑΓΓΕΙΛΑΙ
- ANAGGEILAI
- to-announce
ΤΟΙΣ
- TOIS
- to-the
ΛΟΙΠΟΙΣ
- LOIPOIS
- rest
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΑ
- GENOMENA
- things-that-happened

15:2

ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΓΑΡ
- GAR
- for
ΠΥΡ
- PYR
- fire
ΚΑΜΑΡΑΣ
- KAMARAS
- of-arch
ΕἸΔΟΣ
- EIDOS
- form
ΠΟΙΗΣΑΝ
- POIĒSAN
- making
ΩΣΠΕΡ
- ŌSPER
- just-as
ὈΘΟΗ
- OTHOĒ
- sail
ΠΛΟΙΟΥ
- PLOIOU
- of-ship
ΥΠΟ
- YPO
- by
ΠΝΕΥΜΑΤΟΣ
- PNEUMATOS
- of-breath
ΠΛΗΡΟΥΜΕΝΗ
- PLĒROUMENĒ
- being-filled
ΚΥΚΛΩ
- KYKLŌ
- in-a-circle
ΠΕΡΙΕΤΕΙΧΙΣΕΝ
- PERIETEICHISEN
- it-walled-around
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΣΩΜΑ
- SŌMA
- body
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΣ
- MARTYROS
- of-witness
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ἨΝ
- ĒN
- it-was
ΜΕΣΟΝ
- MESON
- in-the-middle
ΟΥ̓Χ
- OUCH
- not
ΩΣ
- ŌS
- as
ΣΑΡΞ
- SARX
- flesh
ΚΑΙΟΜΕΝΗ
- KAIOMENĒ
- being-burned
ἈΛΛ
- ALL
- but
ΩΣ
- ŌS
- as
ἈΡΤΟΣ
- ARTOS
- bread
ὈΤΩΜΕΝΟΣ
- OTŌMENOS
- being-roasted
Ἠ
- Ē
- or
ΩΣ
- ŌS
- as
ΧΡΥΣΟΣ
- CHRYSOS
- gold
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ἈΡΓΥΡΟΣ
- ARGYROS
- silver
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΚΑΜΙΝΩ
- KAMINŌ
- to-furnace
ΠΥΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ
- PYROUMENOS
- being-refined-by-fire
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΓΑΡ
- GAR
- for
ΕΥ̓ΩΔΙΑΣ
- EUŌDIAS
- of-fragrance
ΤΟΣΑΥΤΗΣ
- TOSAUTĒS
- such
ἈΝΤΕΛΑΒΟΜΕΘΑ
- ANTELABOMETHA
- we-received
ΩΣ
- ŌS
- as
ΛΙΒΑΝΩΤΟΥ
- LIBANŌTOU
- of-frankincense
ΠΝΕΟΝΤΟΣ
- PNEONTOS
- breathing-out
Ἠ
- Ē
- or
ἈΛΛΟΥ
- ALLOU
- of-other
ΤΙΝΟΣ
- TINOS
- some
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- of-the
ΤΙΜΙΩΝ
- TIMIŌN
- precious
ἈΡΩΜΑΤΩΝ
- ARŌMATŌN
- of-aromas

G0375

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-PEM-psan-tos

Translations: having sent up, having sent back, having referred, having remitted

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀναπέμπω', meaning 'to send up' or 'to send back'. It describes an action that has already occurred, performed by the subject. It can be used to indicate that someone has sent something or someone to a higher authority, or sent them back to their original place. For example, it could describe someone having referred a case to a higher court or having sent a prisoner back to their jurisdiction.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναπέμπω is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb πέμπω (pempō), meaning 'to send'.

G1161

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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G0281

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Interjection

Sounds like: ah-MEN

Translations: Amen, truly, verily, so be it

Notes: This word is used to express affirmation, agreement, or a solemn declaration. It can be translated as 'truly' or 'verily' when used to emphasize a statement, or as 'Amen' at the end of prayers, hymns, or declarations to signify 'so be it' or 'let it be so'. It conveys a sense of certainty and truth.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΝΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a transliteration of the Hebrew word 'āmēn' (אָמֵן), meaning 'certainly', 'truly', or 'so be it'. It is derived from a root meaning 'to be firm' or 'to be reliable'.

G2532

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G4137

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: play-roh-SAN-tos

Translations: having fulfilled, having completed, having filled, having accomplished

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πληρόω', meaning 'to fill', 'to complete', or 'to fulfill'. It describes an action that has been completed by the subject. It is often used to indicate that something has been brought to its full measure or conclusion, such as fulfilling a prophecy or completing a task.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΣΑΝΤΟΣ, ΕΚΠΛΗΡΩΣΑΝΤΟΣ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G3588, G3778

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4442

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PY-ros

Translations: of fire, fire, a fire

Notes: This word refers to fire, a fundamental element. It can be used literally to describe a burning flame or figuratively to represent judgment, purification, or divine presence. As a noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, or in this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΛΟΞ, ΚΑΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'πῦρ' (pyr) comes from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂wr̥, meaning 'fire'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.

G1606

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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ek-LAM-psa-sees

Translations: (of) having shone forth, (of) having blazed forth, (of) having burst forth

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having shone forth' or 'having blazed forth'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and has a continuing effect. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb λάμπω (lampō), meaning 'to shine' or 'to give light'. Thus, it literally means 'to shine out' or 'to shine forth'. It is used to describe something that emits light or brightness powerfully.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΛΑΜΠΩ, ΕΚΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΛΑΜΠΩ (eklampō) is a compound verb derived from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΛΑΜΠΩ (lampō), meaning 'to shine' or 'to give light'. It signifies shining forth or radiating light.

G2295

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THAV-mah

Translations: wonder, a wonder, marvel, a marvel, astonishment, a cause of wonder

Notes: This word refers to something that causes wonder or astonishment, a marvel or a miracle. It is often used to describe events or things that are extraordinary and evoke a sense of awe or surprise. It can be used in sentences like 'They saw a great wonder' or 'He was filled with astonishment'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΡΑΣ, ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek root *thaum-* meaning 'to wonder at'. It is related to the verb θαυμάζω (thaumazō), 'to wonder, marvel'.

G1492

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-doh-men

Translations: we saw, we have seen

Notes: This word is the first person plural aorist indicative active form of the verb 'to see' or 'to know'. It indicates a completed action of seeing or perceiving in the past, performed by 'we'. It can be used in sentences like 'we saw the light' or 'we perceived the truth'.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΙΔΩ (eido) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G3739

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Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G3708

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DEIN

Translations: to see, to perceive, to behold, to look, to know, to understand

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see'. It is used to express the action of seeing or perceiving in a general sense, often without a specific time frame. It can also imply understanding or knowing something through observation. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He desired to see the truth' or 'It is good to see the light'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΒΛΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ὁράω' (horao) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. The aorist stem 'ἰδ-' (id-) is derived from a different, but related, Proto-Indo-European root, which also means 'to see' or 'to know'.

G5083

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-tay-RAY-thay-men

Translations: we were kept, we were guarded, we were observed, we were preserved

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'we were kept' or 'we were guarded'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject (we) was the recipient of the action of being kept or guarded. It can be used in sentences to indicate that a group of people was protected, preserved, or observed.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 1st Person Plural

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΔΙΑΤΗΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΤΗΡΕΩ comes from an uncertain root, possibly related to an ancient word meaning 'to watch' or 'to guard'.

G1519

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G0312

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-NGEL-lai

Translations: to announce, to report, to declare, to tell, to bring back word

Notes: This word means to announce, report, declare, or tell something. It often implies bringing back a message or information, or making something known publicly. It is used to describe the act of conveying news or a statement.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, “up, again, back”) + ἀγγέλλω (angéllō, “to announce, report”).

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G1096

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nah

Translations: having become, having come into being, having happened, things that have happened, events, happenings

Notes: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΑ is the aorist middle/passive participle of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' or 'to happen.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. In its neuter plural form, it often refers to 'things that have happened' or 'events.' It can be used in various grammatical cases depending on its role in the sentence, often functioning as the subject or object of a clause.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΑ, ΣΥΜΒΑΝΤΑ

Etymology: The verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth.' It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generate' in English.

G1063

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Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G4160

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EE-san

Translations: they made, they did, they performed, they produced, they caused

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a group of people or things. It can be used in various contexts, such as making something, doing an action, performing a task, or causing an event to happen.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G5618

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

G3608

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: o-THOH-ay

Translations: sail, a sail, linen cloth, a linen cloth

Notes: This word refers to a sail, typically made of linen, used on a ship. It can also refer more broadly to any linen cloth or fabric. In the context of a ship, it describes the canvas that catches the wind to propel the vessel. When used for fabric, it denotes a fine, woven material.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΣΤΙΟΝ, ΛΙΝΟΝ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be of Egyptian or Semitic origin, possibly related to words for linen or fine cloth.

G5259

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G4026

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-teh-KHEE-seen

Translations: walled around, built a wall around, encircled with a wall, fortified

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around', and the verb τειχίζω (teichizo), meaning 'to build a wall'. Therefore, it means 'to build a wall around' or 'to encircle with a wall'. It describes the action of constructing a defensive barrier or enclosure around something. It is typically used in the context of fortifying a city or an area.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΙΖΩ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΟΧΥΡΟΩ

G4983

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SOH-mah

Translations: body, a body, flesh, a slave

Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a human or animal, or a physical object. It can also metaphorically refer to a group of people or a community, or even to the substance of something. In some contexts, it can refer to a slave or servant, as a 'body' belonging to another.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΧΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain. It is possibly derived from the verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve', implying something that is kept or preserved.

G5613

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G4561

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SARX

Translations: flesh, a flesh, body, a body, human nature, a human nature, mankind, a mankind

Notes: This word refers to flesh, the physical body, or human nature. In a broader sense, it can also refer to humanity or mankind. It is often used to contrast the physical, earthly aspect of existence with the spiritual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑ, ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΑΡΞ (sarx) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, but its precise etymological root is not definitively established.

G2545

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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: kah-yoh-MEH-nee

Translations: burning, a burning, being burned, flaming

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'καίω' (kaio), meaning 'to burn'. It describes something that is currently burning, being burned, or flaming. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (a noun formed from an adjective or participle). For example, it could describe a 'burning bush' or 'the one who is burning'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΦΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΗ, ΠΥΡΦΟΡΟΣ

G0243

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Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G2228, G3588

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G1722

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G4448

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: py-ROO-meh-nos

Translations: being burned, being tried by fire, being inflamed, being purified by fire

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being burned' or 'being tried by fire'. It describes something that is currently undergoing the process of being heated, refined, or inflamed. It can refer to literal burning, but also to being tested or purified through trials, much like metal is refined by fire. It can also describe a strong emotional state, such as being inflamed with passion or anger.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΦΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G2175

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-oh-DEE-as

Translations: (of) fragrance, (of) sweet smell, (of) aroma, a fragrance, an aroma

Notes: This word refers to a pleasant smell or a sweet fragrance. It is often used in a literal sense for a pleasing scent, but can also be used metaphorically to describe something pleasing or acceptable, especially in a spiritual context, such as an offering or prayer that is pleasing to God. It is a compound word formed from 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and 'ὀσμή' (osmē), meaning 'smell' or 'odor'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΣΜΗ, ΑΡΩΜΑ

G0482

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-teh-la-BO-meh-tha

Translations: we helped, we took hold of, we assisted, we supported

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return for', and the verb λαμβάνομαι (lambanomai), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. In the middle voice, it means 'to take hold of for oneself', 'to help', 'to assist', or 'to support'. It describes an action where one actively takes a part in something, often to provide aid or support to someone or something.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀντιλαμβάνομαι is a compound verb derived from ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return for', and λαμβάνομαι (lambanomai), the middle voice of λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. The combination conveys the sense of taking hold of something in opposition or in support.

G0243

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-loo

Translations: of another, of others, elsewhere, to another place, to another

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another', or as an adverb meaning 'elsewhere' or 'to another place'. When used as an adjective, it refers to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. As an adverb, it indicates a different location or direction. It is an inflected form of the word 'ΑΛΛΟΣ'.

Inflection: Genitive Singular (Masculine or Neuter), or Adverb

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙ

G5100

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Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

G5093

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: TI-mi-ohn

Translations: of value, of honor, of price, of precious, of esteemed, of honorable

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning valuable, precious, or honorable. It describes something that holds high worth, either in terms of material value (like precious stones) or in terms of respect and esteem (like an honorable person). In the provided examples, it refers to "precious stones" and "honorable freedmen," showing its use for both material and social value. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with "of."

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΙΜΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΤΙΜΟΣ, ΑΞΙΟΣ

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