Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Polycarp of Smyrna / Martyrdom of Polycarp / Chapter 11Martyrdom of Polycarp, Chapter 11
Interlinear version from Polycarp of Smyrna (Beta)
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G0446
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-THOO-pa-tos
Translations: proconsul, a proconsul
Notes: This word refers to a proconsul, a Roman provincial governor who held consular power without actually being a consul. They were typically former consuls appointed to govern a province, often with military authority. The word is a compound of 'anti' (in place of) and 'hypatos' (consul), literally meaning 'in place of a consul'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀντί (anti, "in place of") + ὕπατος (hupatos, "consul").
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pen
Translations: he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is commonly used to introduce direct speech or to report what someone said.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G2342
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thay-REE-ah
Translations: beasts, wild animals, animals
Notes: This word refers to wild animals or beasts, often implying a dangerous or untamed nature. It is used to describe creatures that are not domesticated, such as lions, wolves, or other predatory animals. It can also be used more broadly to refer to any animal, especially in contrast to humans.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΖΩΑ, ΚΤΗΝΗ
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-oh
Translations: have, hold, possess, keep, be able, be in a state of
Notes: This word means "to have" or "to hold." It is a very common verb used to express possession, to describe a state or condition, or to indicate that one is holding something. It can also be used in a broader sense to mean "to be able" or "to be in a certain state."
Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood
Synonyms: ΚΤΆΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΈΧΩ, ἜΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- 'to hold, to have'. It is cognate with Latin 'habeo' (to have) and English 'seek'.
G5124
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toys
Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ
G4571
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SEH
Translations: you
Notes: ΣΕ is the accusative singular form of the second-person pronoun, meaning 'you' when it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It indicates the person to whom an action is done or directed.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the accusative form of the second-person singular pronoun.
G3846
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-BAH-loh
Translations: I will throw beside, I will compare, I will expose, I will risk, I will arrive, I will put in
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'βάλλω' (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. Its meaning varies depending on context, ranging from 'to throw beside' or 'to compare' to 'to expose to danger' or 'to risk'. It can also mean 'to arrive' or 'to put in' (as in putting into a harbor).
Inflection: First Person Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΚΡΙΝΩ, ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΟΡΜΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside, alongside', and the verb 'βάλλω' (ballo), meaning 'to throw, to cast'.
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ
Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G3340
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-tah-no-EH-sees
Translations: you repent, you change your mind, you turn from sin
Notes: This word means to repent, to change one's mind, or to turn from sin. It implies a fundamental change in one's way of thinking and acting, often with a moral or spiritual connotation. It is used to describe the act of turning away from past wrongdoing and towards a new path.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'μετανοέω' (metanoeō) is a compound word formed from 'μετά' (meta), meaning 'with, after, or indicating change,' and 'νοέω' (noeō), meaning 'to perceive, to think, to understand.' Thus, it literally means 'to change one's mind' or 'to think differently after.'
G2564
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ka-LEH-ee
Translations: he calls, she calls, it calls, he invites, she invites, it invites
Notes: This word is a verb that means 'to call' or 'to invite'. It is used to describe the action of someone calling out to another person, or inviting them to a place or event. It can also refer to naming someone or something.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΚΑΛΕΩ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ
G0276
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-meh-tah-THEH-toss
Translations: unchangeable, immutable, unalterable, fixed
Notes: This word describes something that cannot be changed, moved, or altered. It signifies a state of permanence and immutability. It is a compound word formed from the alpha privative (ἀ-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and a form related to the verb 'to place' or 'to change'. It is often used to describe God's character or promises, indicating their steadfastness.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΚΙΝΗΤΟΣ, ΑΣΑΛΕΥΤΟΣ, ΑΤΡΕΠΤΟΣ
Etymology: This word is derived from the alpha privative (ἀ-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', combined with a form of the verb μετατίθημι (metatithēmi), meaning 'to change' or 'to transfer'. Thus, it literally means 'not able to be changed or transferred'.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G2909
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: KRAY-toh-NOHN
Translations: of better, of superior, of stronger, of more excellent
Notes: This word is a comparative adjective, meaning 'better,' 'superior,' 'stronger,' or 'more excellent.' It is used to describe something that surpasses another in quality, strength, or value. For example, one might speak of 'better things' or 'superior qualities.'
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Synonyms: ΑΜΕΙΝΩΝ, ΚΑΛΛΙΩΝ, ΥΠΕΡΤΕΡΟΣ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G5493
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kheh-ROH
Translations: to master, to subdue, to overcome, to conquer, to overpower, to bring under control
Notes: This verb means to master, subdue, or overcome something or someone. It describes the act of gaining control or victory over an opponent or a challenge. It can be used in contexts of physical conquest, but also in a more general sense of prevailing over circumstances or difficulties.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative or Subjunctive, First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ
Etymology: From the Greek word χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand', implying the act of taking something in hand or bringing it under control.
G3341
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: meh-TAH-noy-ah
Translations: repentance, a repentance, change of mind, conversion
Notes: This word refers to a change of mind, a turning around, or a conversion. It implies a fundamental shift in one's thinking, attitude, or direction, often leading to a change in behavior. It is frequently used in a religious context to denote a turning away from sin and towards God.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΟΦΗ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΕΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΝΟΙΑ is a compound word derived from the preposition μετά (meta), meaning 'after' or 'with', and the verb νοέω (noeo), meaning 'to perceive' or 'to think'. Thus, it literally means 'to think differently afterwards' or 'a change of mind'.
G2570
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kah-LON
Translations: good, beautiful, noble, right, fitting, a good thing, a beautiful thing
Notes: ΚΑΛΟΝ is the neuter singular form of the adjective ΚΑΛΟΣ. It describes something as good, beautiful, noble, excellent, or fitting. It can refer to moral goodness, aesthetic beauty, or practical suitability. It is often used to describe what is morally right or advantageous, or something that is beneficial.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ
G3346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-tah-TEE-thes-thai
Translations: to change, to remove, to transfer, to transpose, to alter, to move, to turn, to shift
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to change one's position, place, or state. It can refer to physical movement, such as moving mountains, or to a change in status or allegiance. It implies a shift from one state or location to another.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΜΕΤΑΚΙΝΕΩ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G4442
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PY-ree
Translations: to fire, by fire, with fire, in fire, fire, a fire
Notes: This word refers to fire, a fundamental element. In its dative form, as seen here, it indicates the means, instrument, or location, often translated as 'by fire,' 'with fire,' 'in fire,' or 'to fire.' It can also simply mean 'fire' when the dative case is used to express general presence or involvement.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-EE-soh
Translations: I will do, I will make, I will perform, I will create
Notes: This word is a verb indicating an action that will be carried out in the future. It means 'to do', 'to make', 'to perform', or 'to create'. It is often used to describe the execution of a task, the production of something, or the bringing about of an event.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΩ, ΕΡΓΑΣΟΜΑΙ
G1159
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dah-pah-nee-THEE-nai
Translations: to be spent, to be consumed, to be wasted, to be expended
Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'dapanaō'. It means 'to be spent' or 'to be consumed', often referring to resources, money, or even life. It describes something undergoing the action of being used up or destroyed.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ
Etymology: The verb ΔΑΠΑΝΑΩ (dapanaō) comes from the noun δαπάνη (dapanē), meaning 'expense' or 'cost'.
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G2342
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thay-REE-ohn
Translations: of beasts, of wild animals, of animals
Notes: This word refers to wild animals or beasts, often implying a dangerous or untamed nature. It is used to describe creatures that are not domesticated, such as lions, wolves, or serpents. In some contexts, it can also refer to animals in general. This is the genitive plural form of the noun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΖΩΟΝ, ΚΤΗΝΟΣ
G2706
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-froh-NEH-ees
Translations: you despise, you scorn, you look down on, you disdain
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb φρονέω (phroneō, meaning 'to think' or 'to have understanding'). Together, it means to think down upon someone or something, hence to despise, scorn, or look down on. It is used to express a strong negative judgment or contempt towards someone or something, often implying a sense of superiority on the part of the despiser.
Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΟΡΑΩ, ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΟΛΙΓΩΡΕΩ
G4181
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: po-LY-kar-poss
Translations: Polycarp
Notes: Polycarp is a proper noun, referring to a specific individual. It is a compound word derived from 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many', and 'καρπός' (karpos), meaning 'fruit'. Thus, the name literally means 'much fruit' or 'fruitful'. In historical and religious contexts, it refers to Polycarp of Smyrna, an early Christian bishop and martyr.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Polycarp is of Greek origin, formed from the words 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many', and 'καρπός' (karpos), meaning 'fruit'. It was a common name in antiquity.
G4442
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: poor
Translations: fire, a fire
Notes: This word refers to the element of fire. It is commonly used in a literal sense to denote burning, heat, or light. Metaphorically, it can represent divine judgment, purification, testing, or the presence of God.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word with cognates in many Indo-European languages.
G546
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pee-LAYSS
Translations: you threaten, you are threatening
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to threaten, to warn, or to menace. It is used to describe the act of expressing an intention to inflict harm or punishment upon someone. It can also imply a strong warning or a stern admonition.
Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΩ, ἘΚΦΟΒΕΩ
Etymology: From ἀπειλή (apeilē, "a threat"), which is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ἀπό (apo, "from") and ἴλη (ilē, "troop, crowd").
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G5610
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HO-ran
Translations: hour, a hour, time, a time, season, a season
Notes: This word refers to a specific point in time, a period of time, or a particular season. It can denote a literal hour of the day, a specific occasion, or a broader period like a season of the year. It is used to indicate when something happens or the duration of an event.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ
G2545
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-YOH-meh-non
Translations: burning, being burned, a burning thing
Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'καίω' (kaio), meaning 'to burn'. It describes something that is currently in the process of burning or being consumed by fire. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, referring to 'that which is burning'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Passive
Synonyms: ΦΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΠΥΡΦΟΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to
Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3641
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: o-LI-gon
Translations: little, a little, few, a few, small, a small amount, short, a short time, briefly
Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'little' or 'few', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'briefly'. As an adjective, it describes a small quantity or number of something. As an adverb, it indicates a small degree or duration of an action. It is often used to denote scarcity or brevity.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)
Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ
Etymology: The word ὈΛΙΓΟΣ (oligos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'small' or 'scanty'.
G4570
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: sven-NY-meh-non
Translations: being quenched, being extinguished, being put out, being suppressed
Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being quenched' or 'being extinguished'. It describes something that is in the process of being put out, like a fire or a lamp, or metaphorically, something that is being suppressed or brought to an end. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate an ongoing action being done to the subject.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Passive
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΑΠΟΣΒΕΝΝΥΜΕΝΟΝ
Etymology: The word σβέννυμι (sbennymi) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the idea of extinguishing or putting out.
G0050
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ag-no-EES
Translations: you do not know, you are ignorant, you are unaware
Notes: This word means to be ignorant, unaware, or not to know something. It is used to describe a state of lacking knowledge or understanding about a particular fact or situation. For example, one might use it to say 'you are unaware of the truth' or 'you do not understand the matter'.
Inflection: Present Indicative, Active Voice, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΓΝΩΜΟΝΕΩ, ΑΠΕΙΘΕΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, 'not') and γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō, 'to know'). It literally means 'not to know'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G3195
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: MEL-loo-sees
Translations: of being about to, of intending, of going to, of being destined
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'μέλλω', which means 'to be about to', 'to intend', or 'to be destined to'. As a genitive feminine singular participle, it describes something that is 'of' or 'belonging to' a female entity or a feminine concept that is on the verge of happening or is intended to happen. It often indicates future action or a state of readiness.
Inflection: Participle, Present, Active, Genitive, Feminine, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΟΥ, ΠΡΟΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΥ
G2920
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KREE-seh-ohss
Translations: of judgment, of decision, of condemnation, of justice, of a trial
Notes: This word refers to a judgment, a decision, or a legal process. It can also denote the act of separating or distinguishing. In a theological context, it often refers to divine judgment or condemnation. It is used to indicate the source or possession of something, similar to how 'of' is used in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΣΙΣ
G0166
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ahee-OH-nee-oo
Translations: of eternal, of everlasting, of age-long, of perpetual
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'eternal' or 'everlasting'. It describes something that lasts for an age or forever, often referring to God's nature, life, or punishment. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of being eternal or everlasting. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'from the Eternal One' or 'of the Eternal'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑἸΔΙΟΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΛΥΤΟΣ, ΑΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ
G2851
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: koh-LAH-seh-ohs
Translations: of punishment, of correction, of chastisement, of torment
Notes: This word refers to punishment, correction, or chastisement. It implies a process of discipline or retribution, often with the aim of improvement or restraint. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, such as 'of punishment' or 'concerning punishment'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ, ΕΠΙΤΙΜΙΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G0765
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-seh-BEH-see
Translations: (to) the ungodly, (to) the impious, (to) the wicked
Notes: This word describes someone who is ungodly, impious, or wicked, lacking reverence for God or showing disrespect for divine law. It is used to characterize individuals or groups who act contrary to religious or moral principles. In this inflected form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the ungodly.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΙ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΣ, ΑΔΙΚΟΙ
Etymology: The word ἈΣΕΒΗΣ (asebēs) is a compound word formed from the privative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and σέβας (sebas), meaning 'reverence' or 'worship'. Thus, it literally means 'without reverence' or 'impious'.
G5083
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: tay-roo-MEH-non
Translations: being kept, being guarded, being observed, being preserved, a thing being kept, a thing being guarded, a thing being observed, a thing being preserved
Notes: This word is a present passive participle of the verb 'τηρέω' (tēreō), meaning 'to keep,' 'to guard,' 'to observe,' or 'to preserve.' As a participle, it describes something that is in the process of being kept, guarded, or preserved. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, referring to 'that which is being kept' or 'a thing being preserved.'
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Passive
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΔΙΑΤΗΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G1021
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: bra-DY-nays
Translations: you delay, you are slow, you linger
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be slow, to delay, or to linger. It describes the action of someone taking a long time to do something or postponing an action. It is used to indicate that a person is not acting quickly or promptly.
Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΟΚΝΕΩ, ΜΕΛΛΩ
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PHEH-reh
Translations: bring, carry, bear, lead, endure, produce, offer
Notes: This word is an imperative form of the verb 'to bring' or 'to carry'. It can be used to command someone to bring something, to carry a burden, to lead someone, or even to endure something. It can also mean to produce fruit or to offer something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ
G1014
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: BOO-lee
Translations: you wish, you want, you desire
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to wish', 'to want', or 'to desire'. It is used when referring to someone's will or intention. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'Do you wish to go?'
Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΕΙΣ
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