Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Tischendorf's Greek New Testament / Revelation / Chapter 4Revelation, Chapter 4
Interlinear version from Tischendorf's Greek New Testament (Beta)
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G3708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-DON
Translations: I saw, they saw, he saw, she saw, it saw
Notes: This is a form of the verb 'to see' or 'to perceive'. Specifically, it is an aorist indicative form, which describes an action that happened at a specific point in the past, without emphasizing its duration or completion. It can be used for various subjects, such as 'I saw', 'he/she/it saw', or 'they saw', depending on the context.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΕἸΔΟΝ
Etymology: The root verb 'ὁράω' (horaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to watch'.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G2400
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Part of Speech: Interjection, Adverb
Sounds like: ee-DOO
Translations: Behold, Look, See, Lo
Notes: ἸΔΟΥ is an interjection used to draw attention to something, often introducing a new or significant statement. It functions similarly to 'Behold!' or 'Look!' in English, signaling that what follows is important or noteworthy. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'here' or 'there'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἸΔΕ
Etymology: From the aorist imperative of the verb ὉΡΑΩ (HORAO), meaning 'to see'.
G2374
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THOO-rah
Translations: door, a door, gate, a gate, entrance, an entrance
Notes: This word refers to a door, gate, or any kind of entrance. It is commonly used to describe a physical opening that allows passage into or out of a place, such as a house or a city. It can also be used metaphorically to refer to an opportunity or access.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΥΛΗ, ΕΙΣΟΔΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer- 'door, gate'. It is cognate with English 'door'.
G0455
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: ee-neh-ohg-MEH-neh
Translations: opened, having been opened, an opened
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been opened' or 'opened'. It describes something that has undergone the action of being opened and is now in a state of being open. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΩΓΜΕΝΗ, ΔΙΑΝΟΙΓΩ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G3772
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oo-ra-NOH
Translations: (to) heaven, (in) heaven, (on) heaven, (to) sky, (in) sky, (on) sky, a heaven, a sky
Notes: This word refers to the 'heaven' or 'sky', often used in a singular sense to denote the celestial sphere or the dwelling place of God. It can also refer to the physical sky above the earth. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action, or location, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'in', or 'on'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G5456
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foh-NAY
Translations: voice, sound, noise, a voice, a sound, a noise
Notes: This word refers to a voice, a sound, or a noise. It is commonly used to describe the sound produced by living beings, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal, but can also refer to inanimate sounds like thunder or the sound of a trumpet. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to speak, tell, say). Cognate with Latin fari (to speak) and English ban.
G4413
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PRO-tay
Translations: first, a first, foremost, chief, principal, earliest
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'first' or 'foremost'. It is used to describe something that comes before all others in order, time, or importance. For example, it can refer to the first day, the first person, or the most important thing. It can also be used to indicate a position of leadership or preeminence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ANE
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was, I was
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to describe a state of being or existence in the past, often indicating a continuous or repeated action or condition. For example, it can mean 'he was' or 'it was'.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, 1st or 3rd person singular
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-KOO-sah
Translations: I heard, I have heard
Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'I heard' or 'I have heard'. It describes a completed action of hearing in the past, from the perspective of the speaker. It is used when the speaker is stating that they personally received information or sound.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G4536
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sal-PIN-gos
Translations: of a trumpet, of the trumpet, of trumpet
Notes: This word refers to the sound-producing instrument known as a trumpet. In ancient times, trumpets were used for various purposes, including signaling in battle, announcing important events, and in religious ceremonies. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of a trumpet' or 'belonging to a trumpet'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G2980
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: lah-LOO-sees
Translations: of speaking, of talking, of saying, of proclaiming
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λαλέω', meaning 'to speak' or 'to talk'. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or concurrent with the main verb of the sentence. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate the manner or time of an action. For example, it can describe someone 'who is speaking' or an action that occurs 'while speaking'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΥΣΗΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΣΗΣ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to
Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOO
Translations: (of) me, my
Notes: This is the genitive case of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It indicates possession or origin, functioning similarly to 'of me' or 'my' in English. It is used to show that something belongs to the speaker or comes from the speaker.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, First Person
Synonyms: ΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the first-person singular pronoun, indicating the speaker.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GOHN
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.
G0305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-NAH-bah
Translations: go up, ascend, climb, come up, rise, embark, mount, Go up!, Ascend!
Notes: This word is an imperative form of the verb ἀναβαίνω (anabainō), meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. It is used to command or urge someone to move upwards, climb, or embark. It can refer to physical movement, such as climbing a mountain or getting into a boat, or to a more figurative 'rising' in status or position.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Imperative
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ἀναβαίνω (anabainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'upwards', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.
G5602
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OH-deh
Translations: here, hither, in this place, to this place
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location or direction, meaning 'here' or 'to this place'. It is used to point to a specific location or to indicate movement towards the speaker or a particular spot. For example, it can be used in commands like 'Come here!' or to state that something is located 'here'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΝΘΑΔΕ, ΕΝΤΑΥΘΑ
Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (this) and the locative suffix -de. It indicates proximity to the speaker.
G1166
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DEEK-soh
Translations: I will show, I will point out, I will display, I will make known
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to show,' 'to point out,' 'to display,' or 'to make known.' It is used to indicate an action that will happen in the future, specifically by the speaker. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'I will show you the way.'
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΨΩ, ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣΩ
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SOY
Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you
Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix
Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)
Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-
Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).
Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.
Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.
G1163
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Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb
Sounds like: DEH-ee
Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves
Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.
Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai
Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born
Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
G2112
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: yoo-THEH-ohss
Translations: immediately, at once, straightway, forthwith
Notes: This word means 'immediately' or 'at once'. It is used to indicate that an action or event happens without delay, right after something else has occurred or been said. It emphasizes promptness and quickness.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ, ΑΥ̓ΤΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the adjective ΕΥ̓ΘΥΣ (euthys), meaning 'straight' or 'direct'. The adverbial form indicates a direct or immediate action.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-geh-NOH-meen
Translations: I became, I was, I came to be, I happened, I arose
Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist middle indicative form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It means 'I became,' 'I was,' 'I came to be,' or 'I happened.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, emphasizing the result or the state achieved. It can be used to indicate a change of state or condition, or simply to state that something came into existence or occurred.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΕΝΝΑΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G4151
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PNEV-mah-tee
Translations: (to) spirit, (to) a spirit, (to) wind, (to) a wind, (to) breath, (to) a breath, (to) the Spirit, (to) Holy Spirit, (to) mind, (to) disposition
Notes: This word refers to spirit, wind, or breath. In a theological context, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. It can also denote a person's inner disposition or mind. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the spirit/wind/breath, or the instrument by which something is done, meaning 'by' or 'with' the spirit/wind/breath.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΑΝΕΜΟΣ
G2362
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THRON-os
Translations: throne, a throne
Notes: This word refers to a seat of state, a chair of dignity, or a royal seat. It is commonly used to denote the seat occupied by a king, a deity, or any person in authority, symbolizing power, sovereignty, and judgment. It can be used in both literal and metaphorical senses.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΦΡΟΣ, ΚΑΘΕΔΡΑ
Etymology: The word 'thronos' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to set, to place'. It is related to the verb 'θράω' (thraō), meaning 'to seat'.
G2749
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-KAY-toh
Translations: he was lying, it was lying, he lay, it lay, he was set, it was set, he was placed, it was placed
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to lie down', 'to be laid', 'to be placed', or 'to be set'. It describes a state of being in a particular position or location. It is often used to describe a person or object resting or situated somewhere.
Inflection: Imperfect, Middle/Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΚΕΙΜΑΙ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2362
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THRO-non
Translations: throne, a throne
Notes: This word refers to a seat of state, especially one used by a king, queen, or other dignitary, often symbolizing power, authority, and sovereignty. It is used to describe a royal seat or a seat of judgment. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb or preposition, indicating the thing being acted upon or the destination.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΔΡΑ, ΔΙΦΡΟΣ
G2521
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ka-THEE-meh-nos
Translations: sitting, seated, dwelling, abiding, remaining
Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb 'to sit'. It describes someone who is in the act of sitting, or who is seated. It can also imply dwelling or abiding in a place. It often functions adjectivally, describing a noun, or adverbially, indicating the manner of an action.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΩΝ, ΜΕΝΩΝ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G3664
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ho-MOY-os
Translations: like, similar, a like, a similar
Notes: This word describes something that is similar to or resembles something else. It is used to compare two or more things, indicating that they share common characteristics or appearance. For example, it can be used to say 'like him' or 'similar to God'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; can also be other cases and plural. It inflects for gender, number, and case.
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΤΥΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *somH- 'same, one'. It is related to words meaning 'same' or 'together'.
G3705
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: o-RA-say
Translations: vision, a vision, sight, appearance
Notes: This word refers to something seen, especially a supernatural appearance or revelation, often in a dream or trance. It can also simply mean the act of seeing or the faculty of sight, or even the outward appearance of something. It is used to describe divine communications or prophetic experiences.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΠΤΑΣΙΑ, ΟΝΕΙΡΟΝ, ΘΕΑ
G3037
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LI-thoh
Translations: to a stone, for a stone, to stone, for stone
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'λίθος' (lithos), meaning 'stone' or 'rock'. It indicates the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'he gave it to the stone' or 'it was for the stone'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G2393
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-AS-pee-dee
Translations: to jasper, a jasper
Notes: This word refers to jasper, a precious stone. In the provided examples, it describes the appearance of something resembling a jasper stone, often in the context of describing the glory or appearance of God or the New Jerusalem. It is used here in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' a jasper, or 'by means of' a jasper.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The word ἴασπις (iaspis) is of Semitic origin, likely from Persian or Arabic, and was adopted into Greek.
G4556
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sar-DEE-oh
Translations: (to) sardius, (to) a sardius, (to) sardine stone, (to) a sardine stone
Notes: This word refers to a sardius, a precious stone, typically red or reddish-brown in color. It is often mentioned in ancient texts as one of the stones used in priestly garments or in descriptions of heavenly foundations. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action or the recipient of something, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Etymology: The word ΣΑΡΔΙΟΝ is derived from the city of Sardis in Lydia (modern Turkey), where this stone was originally found or traded.
G2405
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EE-ris
Translations: rainbow, a rainbow, iris, an iris
Notes: This word refers to a rainbow, the arc of colors seen in the sky, often after rain. It can also refer to the iris of the eye or the iris flower. In a broader sense, it can signify a divine messenger or a sign from God, as rainbows were often seen as such in ancient cultures. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the idea of 'messenger' or 'divider' (of light).
G2945
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: KOO-kloh-then
Translations: around, round about, on every side, all around
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'around' or 'on every side'. It is used to describe something that encompasses or surrounds a central point or object, indicating a circular or encompassing direction or position. It can be used to describe people gathering around something, or a geographical area surrounding a place.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΩ, ΠΕΡΙΞ
Etymology: From the Greek word 'κύκλος' (kyklos), meaning 'circle' or 'ring', combined with the suffix '-θεν' (-then), which indicates origin or direction from a place.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2362
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thraw-NOO
Translations: (of) a throne, (of) the throne, (of) a seat, (of) the seat
Notes: This word refers to a throne or a seat of authority. It is used to denote a royal seat, a place of power, or a high position. In the provided examples, it is used in contexts relating to kings and kingdoms, indicating a seat from which a ruler governs.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΔΡΑ, ΕΔΡΑ
G4665
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: smah-rag-DEE-noh
Translations: emerald, (like) an emerald
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'of emerald' or 'emerald-like'. It describes something that has the color or quality of an emerald. In the provided context, it is used to describe an appearance or sight that is like an emerald.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
G2362
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THROH-noos
Translations: thrones, a throne
Notes: This word refers to a seat of authority, power, or royalty. It is commonly used to denote the seat occupied by a king, a deity, or any figure of high status. In a broader sense, it can also represent the power or dominion associated with such a seat.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΔΡΑ, ΕΔΡΑ
G1501
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: EYE-koh-see
Translations: twenty
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'twenty'. It is used to indicate a quantity of twenty units and is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change based on gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *wikm̥ti, meaning 'twenty'. It is related to Latin viginti and Sanskrit viṃśati.
G5064
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: TESS-sah-ras
Translations: four
Notes: This word is a cardinal number meaning 'four'. It is used to indicate a quantity of four of something. It can be used with both masculine and feminine nouns.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Etymology: The word comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar words for 'four' in other Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G4245
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pres-by-TEH-roos
Translations: elders, old men, presbyters
Notes: This word refers to older men, often those who hold positions of authority, leadership, or respect within a community or religious group. In a Christian context, it can specifically refer to church leaders or presbyters. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating that the elders are the direct object of an action.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΑΙ
Etymology: From πρέσβυς (presbys, “old, elder”), which is related to πρό (pro, “before”) and possibly to βῆμα (bēma, “step, pace”). It originally referred to an older person and later to an ambassador or delegate, and then to an elder or leader.
G2521
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-thay-MEH-noos
Translations: sitting, those sitting, a sitting one
Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb 'to sit'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of sitting. It can be used to refer to people who are seated, or to describe the state of being seated.
Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΘΙΖΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek κατά (katá, "down") + ἧμαι (hēmai, "to sit").
G4016
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-vev-lee-MEH-noos
Translations: clothed, dressed, wearing, having put on
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been clothed' or 'clothed'. It describes someone who has put on clothing or something similar. It is often used to describe people who are dressed in a particular way, such as in sackcloth or fine garments. It can also be used metaphorically to describe being surrounded or enveloped by something.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΕΔΥΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΗΜΦΙΕΣΜΕΝΟΥΣ
Etymology: The word περιβάλλω (periballō) is a compound word formed from περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw'. Thus, it literally means 'to throw around' or 'to cast about', which evolved to mean 'to put on clothing' or 'to clothe'.
G2440
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hee-MA-tee-oys
Translations: to garments, to clothes, to cloaks, to robes, to mantles
Notes: This word refers to an outer garment, cloak, or piece of clothing. It is often used in the plural to mean 'clothes' or 'garments' in general. It is a compound word, derived from the root 'hima' (to clothe) and the diminutive suffix '-ion'. In this form, it is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object or instrument, often translated with 'to' or 'with'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΜΑΤΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ, ΣΤΟΛΑΙ
G3022
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: LEF-koys
Translations: white, bright, shining, in white
Notes: This word describes something as white, bright, or shining. It is often used to refer to clothing or appearance, indicating purity, glory, or a distinguished state. In the provided context, it refers to being clothed in white garments.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΔΡΟΣ, ΛΑΜΠΡΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G2776
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: keh-fah-LAS
Translations: heads, (of) heads, (to) heads
Notes: This word refers to the anatomical head of a living being. It can also be used metaphorically to denote a chief, leader, or the top part of something. In the provided examples, it is used in the plural to refer to multiple heads, often in the context of people or deities.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative or Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΡΥΦΗ, ΑΡΧΗ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G4735, G4737
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Part of Speech: Noun, Verb
Sounds like: steh-FAH-noos
Translations: crowns, a crown, to crown, crowning
Notes: This word can be an inflected form of the noun 'στέφανος' (stephanos), meaning 'crown' or 'wreath', typically in the accusative plural case. It can also be an inflected form of the verb 'στεφανόω' (stephanoō), meaning 'to crown' or 'to encircle with a crown', often appearing as a participle. As a noun, it refers to the circular adornments worn on the head, often as a symbol of victory, honor, or royalty. As a verb, it describes the action of placing such an adornment on someone's head, or metaphorically, bestowing honor or victory.
Inflection: Noun: Plural, Accusative, Masculine; Verb: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Feminine, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΔΗΜΑ, ΚΟΡΩΝΑ, ΣΤΕΦΑΝΩΜΑ
G5552
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: khry-SOOS
Translations: golden, of gold, made of gold
Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as being made of gold, or having the color of gold. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating their material or appearance, such as 'golden statues' or 'golden garments'.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΧΡΥΣΕΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΧΡΥΣΟΣ (chrysos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a yellow or shining metal.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G1607
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-por-YOO-on-tai
Translations: they go out, they come out, they proceed, they issue forth
Notes: This verb means to go out, come forth, or proceed. It is often used to describe people or things emerging from a place, or for something originating or issuing from a source. It can refer to physical movement out of a location or the emanation of something abstract like words or spirits.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G0796
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: as-tra-PAI
Translations: lightning, flashes of lightning
Notes: This word refers to lightning, the bright flash of light that accompanies a thunderstorm. It is often used in a literal sense to describe atmospheric phenomena, but can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is sudden, brilliant, or striking, like a flash of light or a sudden appearance.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΝΤΗ, ΚΕΡΑΥΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΣΤΡΑΠΗ comes from the verb ἀστράπτω (astráptō), meaning 'to flash' or 'to lighten'.
G5456
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foh-NAI
Translations: voices, sounds, a voice, a sound
Notes: This word refers to voices or sounds. It can be used to describe human voices, animal sounds, or even inanimate sounds like the sound of a trumpet. It is often used in contexts related to communication, speech, or audible phenomena.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ
G0962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bron-TAI
Translations: thunders, thunderings
Notes: This word refers to the loud, rumbling sound that accompanies lightning during a thunderstorm. It is typically used in the plural to describe multiple instances of thunder or the general phenomenon of thunder.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Feminine
G2033
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: EP-tah
Translations: seven
Notes: This word means 'seven' and is used to denote the number 7. It is an indeclinable numeral, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number in a sentence. It functions like an adjective, modifying nouns to indicate a quantity of seven.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'seven'. It is cognate with similar words for 'seven' in many other Indo-European languages.
G2985
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: lam-PAH-des
Translations: lamps, torches, lights
Notes: This word refers to lamps or torches, which are devices used to produce light. It can also refer to the light itself. It is typically used in contexts describing sources of illumination, such as those carried by people or used in a dwelling.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΩΣ, ΛΥΧΝΟΣ
G4442
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PY-ros
Translations: of fire, fire, a fire
Notes: This word refers to fire, a fundamental element. It can be used literally to describe a burning flame or figuratively to represent judgment, purification, or divine presence. As a noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, or in this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΛΟΞ, ΚΑΥΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word 'πῦρ' (pyr) comes from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂wr̥, meaning 'fire'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.
G2545
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: kah-ee-OH-meh-nahee
Translations: burning, being burned, blazing, ignited, on fire
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to burn'. It describes something that is actively burning or being consumed by fire. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun to indicate that the noun is in a state of burning or being set on fire. For example, 'burning lamps' or 'walls being burned'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΑΙ, ΠΥΡΦΟΡΟΥΜΕΝΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *keh₂w- (to burn, to glow).
G1799
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on
Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, (of) before, (of) in the presence of, (of) in the sight of
Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'in the presence of' or 'in the sight of' someone or something. It often conveys the idea of being directly in front of, or under the observation of, another.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.
Synonyms: ἘΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ
Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en, meaning 'in') and the noun ὬΨ (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'eye'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-sin
Translations: are
Notes: This word is the third person plural form of the verb 'to be'. It means 'they are' or 'there are'. It is used to describe the state or existence of multiple subjects, similar to how 'are' is used in English. For example, 'The men are here' or 'There are many books'.
Inflection: Third person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΥΣΙΝ, ΓΙΝΟΝΤΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G4151
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PNEV-ma-ta
Translations: spirits, winds, breaths
Notes: This word is a noun referring to spirits, winds, or breaths. It is the plural form of the word 'πνεῦμα'. It can be used in various contexts, such as referring to the Holy Spirit, human spirits, or even literal wind or breath.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΨΥΧΑΙ, ΑΝΕΜΟΙ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G2281
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAH-lah-ssah
Translations: sea, a sea
Notes: This word refers to a large body of salt water, such as an ocean or a large lake. It is commonly used to describe the Mediterranean Sea or other significant bodies of water. It can be used in various contexts, often indicating a place of travel, danger, or a source of resources.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΛΑΓΟΣ, ΩΚΕΑΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word "thalassa" is of pre-Greek, Pelasgian origin, meaning it predates the arrival of Indo-European speakers in Greece.
G5249
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hoo-AH-lee-nay
Translations: glassy, of glass, like glass, a glassy (thing)
Notes: This word describes something that is made of glass, resembles glass, or is as transparent and clear as glass. It is used to characterize the appearance or composition of an object, often implying a smooth, reflective, or translucent quality.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
G3664
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oh-MOY-ah
Translations: like, similar, resembling, a like thing, similar things
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'like', 'similar', or 'resembling'. It is used to describe something that shares characteristics with another thing, often followed by a dative case noun to indicate what it is similar to. For example, 'ΟΜΟΙΑ τῷ θεῷ' would mean 'like God'.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Neuter, Plural, Nominative/Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ
G2930
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kroo-STAL-loh
Translations: (to) crystal, (to) ice, (to) a crystal, (to) an ice
Notes: This word refers to crystal or ice, often describing something clear and transparent like glass. It is a noun and is used to denote the material itself or something resembling it in clarity and appearance. In this form, it indicates the indirect object of an action or the means by which something is done.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G3319
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-soh
Translations: middle, midst, among, between, in the midst (of), (in the) middle (of), (among), (between)
Notes: This word refers to the middle or center of something. It is often used in a prepositional phrase, such as 'in the midst of' or 'among', indicating a position surrounded by others. It can also describe something that is intermediate or in between two points.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΝ, ΕΣΩ
G2944
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: KOO-kloh
Translations: around, round about, in a circle
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'around' or 'round about'. It is used to describe something that encompasses or surrounds another object or location, or movement in a circular path. It can indicate position or direction.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΞ, ΠΕΡΙ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΚΛΩ is derived from the noun ΚΥΚΛΟΣ (kyklos), meaning 'circle' or 'ring'. It describes something related to a circular shape or movement.
G5064
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: TESS-seh-rah
Translations: four
Notes: This word represents the cardinal number four. It is used to indicate a quantity of four units or items. It can be used in sentences to quantify nouns, similar to how 'four' is used in English.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From an uncontracted form of the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'four'.
G2226
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ZOH-ah
Translations: living creatures, animals, beasts
Notes: The word "ζῷα" refers to living beings or creatures, often translated as "animals" or "beasts." It is the plural form of "ζῷον" (zōon). It can be used to describe any animate being, from insects to larger mammals, and in some contexts, even celestial beings or symbolic creatures in apocalyptic literature. It functions as a noun in a sentence, typically as the subject or object.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΘΗΡΙΑ
G1073
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: geh-MON-tah
Translations: full, filled, loaded, being full, being filled
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It describes something that is in a state of being full or filled with something. It often takes a genitive case to indicate what it is full of, such as 'full of flowers' or 'filled with water'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Neuter or Nominative, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΗΣ, ΜΕΣΤΟΣ
G3788
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oph-thal-MON
Translations: of eyes, eyes
Notes: This word refers to the eyes, the organs of sight. It can be used literally to describe physical eyes or metaphorically to represent understanding, perception, or presence. The form ὈΦΘΑΛΜΩΝ is the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of eyes' or 'belonging to eyes'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΜΜΑΤΑ, ΒΛΕΦΑΡΑ
G1799
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: en-PROS-then
Translations: before, in the presence of, in front of, before the face of
Notes: This word is a compound adverb meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It is used to indicate a position in front of something or someone, or to denote being in the sight or presence of another. It can be used spatially or in a more abstract sense of being 'before' someone in authority or judgment.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ, ΠΡΟ
Etymology: The word ἘΝΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and the adverb ΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ (prosthen), meaning 'before' or 'in front'.
G3694
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: oh-PIS-then
Translations: behind, after, back, backward
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating position or direction. It means 'behind' in terms of location, or 'after' in terms of time or sequence. It can also refer to moving 'backward' or 'to the rear'. It is often used to describe something that follows or is located at the back of something else.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΩ, ΚΑΤΟΠΙΝ
Etymology: From an assumed derivative of the preposition 'ὀπίσω' (opisō), meaning 'behind' or 'backwards'. It is related to the concept of 'seeing' or 'looking back'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G2226
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DZOH-on
Translations: living thing, animal, beast, a living thing, an animal, a beast
Notes: This word refers to any living creature or being, including animals and sometimes even humans in a general sense of being alive. It is often used to distinguish living beings from inanimate objects. It can be used in sentences like 'Every living thing loves its kind' or 'He created a living being.'
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΘΗΡΙΟΝ, ΚΤΗΝΟΣ
Etymology: This word comes from the Greek verb ζάω (zaō), meaning 'to live' or 'to be alive'. It refers to something that possesses life.
G4413
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: PRO-ton
Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place
Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.
G3664
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: HO-moy-on
Translations: like, similar, a like thing, a similar thing
Notes: This word describes something that is similar or like something else. It is used to compare two things, indicating that they share characteristics or appearance. For example, one might say 'the house is like a castle' to describe its grandeur.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ
G3023
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: leh-ON-tee
Translations: (to) a lion, (to) the lion
Notes: This is the dative singular form of the noun 'lion'. It refers to a lion and indicates the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for' a lion. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'he gave food to the lion'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G1208
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: DEH-oo-teh-ron
Translations: second, a second
Notes: This word means 'second' and is used to indicate the ordinal position after the first. It can refer to the second in a sequence, rank, or quality. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From a comparative form of the numeral 'duo' (two). It refers to the 'second' in a series or order.
G3448
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MOS-khoh
Translations: (to) a calf, (to) a young bull, (to) a bullock
Notes: This word refers to a young bovine animal, such as a calf, a young bull, or a bullock. It is often used in contexts related to livestock or sacrifices. In this form, it indicates the dative case, meaning it is the indirect object of a verb or follows a preposition that takes the dative.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΣ, ΤΑΥΡΟΣ
G5154
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Numeral, Noun
Sounds like: TREE-ton
Translations: third, a third, the third part
Notes: This word refers to the ordinal number 'third' in a sequence or series. It can also function as a noun meaning 'a third part' or 'one-third' of something. It is used to indicate position, order, or a fractional amount.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
G2192
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: EKH-ohn
Translations: having, holding, possessing, being in possession of
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding something. It can be translated as 'having' or 'one who has', and often introduces a clause explaining what someone possesses or is doing.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ
Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a wide range of meanings related to possession, state, and action.
G4383
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-OH-pon
Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance
Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-THRO-poo
Translations: (of) man, (of) a man, (of) human, (of) a human
Notes: This word refers to a human being, mankind, or humanity in general. It can denote an individual person, male or female, or the human race collectively. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of man' or 'of a human'. It is commonly used in contexts discussing human nature, actions, or relationships.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ
G5067
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: teh-TAR-ton
Translations: fourth
Notes: This word means 'fourth' and is used to denote the ordinal position in a sequence. It functions as an adjective, describing a noun as being the fourth in a series or group.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
G0001
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-eh-TOH
Translations: (to) eagle, (to) an eagle
Notes: This word refers to an eagle, a large bird of prey. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It is used to show 'to an eagle' or 'for an eagle'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G4072
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-TOH-meh-noh
Translations: flying, to a flying, for a flying
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to fly'. It describes something that is in the act of flying or is characterized by flying. In this specific form, it indicates the dative case, meaning it would typically be used to show the recipient or indirect object of an action, or to indicate purpose or means, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Dative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΩ, ΠΕΤΑΟΜΑΙ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EN
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: kath
Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.
G0303
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Prefix
Sounds like: ah-NAH
Translations: up, upward, again, back, each, per, through, among, by, on, upon
Notes: ἈΝΑ is a versatile Koine Greek word that can function as a preposition, an adverb, or a prefix in compound words. As a preposition, it typically takes the accusative case and signifies movement 'up' or 'upward', or distribution 'each' or 'per'. As an adverb, it can mean 'up' or 'upward'. When used as a prefix, it often conveys meanings such as 'up', 'back', 'again', or 're-'. For example, in 'ἈΝΑΣΤΗΘΙ' (anastethi), it means 'stand up' or 'rise up'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'on, upon, up'.
G4420
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pter-OO-gahs
Translations: wings, a wing
Notes: This word refers to a wing, typically of a bird or an angel. It can also metaphorically refer to a protective covering or shelter, similar to how a bird's wings protect its young. It is used in contexts describing flight, protection, or a part of a building that projects like a wing.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΤΕΡΩΜΑ
G1537, G1803
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: eks
Translations: out of, from, by, of, six
Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ
Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.
G2081
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-SOH-then
Translations: from within, inside, inwardly
Notes: This word indicates a location or origin from the inside or interior. It is used to describe something that comes from or is situated within a space, object, or person, often contrasting with something external.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΘΕΝ, ΕΣΩ
G1073
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: geh-MOO-sin
Translations: they are full of, they are filled with, they are laden with
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be full', 'to be filled', or 'to be laden'. It describes a state of being completely occupied or loaded with something. It is often followed by a genitive case to indicate what something is full of.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΥΣΙΝ, ΜΕΣΤΟΙ ΕΙΣΙΝ
Etymology: The word ΓΕΜΩ (gemō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to be heavy' or 'to be full'.
G0372
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-na-POW-sin
Translations: rest, a rest, repose, relief, refreshment
Notes: This word refers to a state of rest, cessation from labor, or refreshment. It can also imply a place of rest or a period of quiet. It is often used in contexts of finding relief or comfort after hardship or toil.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΣΙΣ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ
Etymology: From ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and παῦσις (pausis, 'a ceasing, rest').
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-oo-sin
Translations: they have, they possess, they hold, they are holding
Notes: This word is the third person plural present active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to possess'. It is used to indicate that a group of people or things currently have or are holding something. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'they have wisdom' or 'they hold power'.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΚΤΆΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΈΧΩ, ἜΧΩ
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HEM-eh-ras
Translations: day, a day, of day, of a day, days
Notes: The word refers to a day, a period of 24 hours, or the daylight portion of a day. It is a feminine noun and can be used in various grammatical cases to indicate different relationships in a sentence. For example, it can denote a duration of time (e.g., 'three days') or a point in time (e.g., 'on that day').
Inflection: Feminine, Genitive Singular or Accusative Plural
G3571
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOOK-tos
Translations: of night, of a night, night's
Notes: This word refers to the period of darkness between sunset and sunrise. As a genitive case, it indicates possession, origin, or time, often translated as 'of night' or 'by night'. It is used to specify when an event occurs or to describe something belonging to the night.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΚΟΤΟΣ, ΖΟΦΟΣ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GON-tes
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: This is the present active participle of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or saying something, often functioning adverbially to describe how an action is performed, or adjectivally to describe those who are speaking.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G0040
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: HAH-gee-os
Translations: holy, sacred, pure, saint, a saint
Notes: This word describes something or someone as holy, sacred, or set apart for God. It can refer to God Himself, to people who are consecrated to God, or to things that are dedicated to religious use. It is often used in a moral sense to describe purity or righteousness. When used as a noun, it refers to a saint or a holy one.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΌΣΙΟΣ, ΚΑΘΑΡΟΣ, ΙΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: The etymology of ΑΓΙΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'awe' or 'reverence', suggesting something that inspires veneration and is set apart.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir
Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-os
Translations: God, a God, Lord
Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.
G3841
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: pan-to-KRA-tor
Translations: Almighty, Omnipotent, All-ruling, Sovereign, the Almighty
Notes: This word is a compound word meaning 'all-ruling' or 'all-powerful'. It is often used as an epithet for God, emphasizing His supreme power and authority over all things. It can be translated as 'Almighty' or 'the Almighty' and is frequently found in the Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) and the New Testament, particularly in the book of Revelation, to describe God's absolute sovereignty.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΘΕΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΝΤΟΚΡΑΤΩΡ is a compound of two Greek words: πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every', and κράτος (kratos), meaning 'strength', 'power', or 'rule'. Thus, it literally means 'all-powerful' or 'all-ruling'.
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, a being
Notes: This word is the masculine, singular, nominative form of the present participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'who/which is'. It is used to describe someone or something that exists or is in a particular state, often functioning like a relative pronoun and verb combined.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Present Participle
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G2064
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ER-kho-me-nos
Translations: coming, one who comes, he who comes, about to come
Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action. It can function adjectivally, meaning 'coming' or 'approaching', or substantively, meaning 'the one who comes' or 'he who is coming'. It is often used in a messianic sense to refer to a future figure.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΩΝ
G3752
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-tan
Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that
Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-SOO-sin
Translations: they will give, they shall give
Notes: This word means 'they will give' or 'they shall give'. It is the third person plural future active indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), which means 'to give'. It indicates an action that will happen in the future, performed by a group of people or things.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G1391
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOK-san
Translations: glory, a glory, splendor, honor, praise, dignity, reputation
Notes: This word refers to glory, splendor, or honor. It can describe the inherent majesty of God, the praise given to someone, or a person's reputation or dignity. It is often used in contexts of divine manifestation or human recognition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΕΥΚΛΕΙΑ
G5092
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tee-MEN
Translations: honor, a price, value, respect, dignity, a sum, a reward
Notes: This word refers to honor, respect, or dignity. It can also denote a price, value, or a sum of money paid for something. It is used to describe the esteem in which someone or something is held, or the monetary worth of an item.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑ, ΑΞΙΑ, ΜΙΣΘΟΣ
G2169
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-khah-rees-TEE-ah
Translations: thanksgiving, a thanksgiving, gratitude, thankfulness
Notes: This word refers to the act of giving thanks or expressing gratitude. It is often used in a religious context to denote an act of worship or praise, but can also refer to general thankfulness. It is a compound word formed from 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and 'χάρις' (charis), meaning 'grace' or 'favor'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΙΑ, ΔΟΞΑ
G2521
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ka-THEE-meh-noh
Translations: sitting, seated, dwelling, residing, remaining, abiding
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'kathēmai', meaning 'to sit' or 'to be seated'. It describes someone who is in the act of sitting or who is in a seated position. It can also extend to mean dwelling, residing, or remaining in a place, implying a settled state. It is often used to describe people in a particular location or position.
Inflection: Present, Participle, Middle/Passive, Masculine/Neuter, Dative, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΑΙ, ΟΙΚΕΩ, ΜΕΝΩ
G2362
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THRO-noh
Translations: (to) a throne, (to) the throne
Notes: This word refers to a throne, a seat of power or authority, often associated with royalty or divine rule. In its dative form, as seen here, it indicates the recipient or location of an action, meaning 'to a throne' or 'on a throne'. It is commonly used in contexts describing God's or a ruler's seat of power.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΔΡΑ, ΕΔΡΑ
G2198
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ZOHN-tee
Translations: (to) living, (to) alive, (to) existing
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'to live'. It describes someone or something that is currently living or alive. In this dative case, it indicates the recipient or indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for' before the participle, or simply as 'living' when modifying a dative noun. It can refer to God as 'the living God' or to people who are alive.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Dative, Singular (Masculine or Neuter) or Plural (Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter)
Synonyms: ΒΙΟΥΝΤΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΙ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G0165
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahee-OH-nas
Translations: ages, eternities, worlds, times
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, an age, or an era. In its plural form, it can denote a succession of ages, eternity, or even the created world or universe. It is often used in phrases like 'unto the ages' or 'forever and ever' to express unending duration.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΚΑΙΡΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G0165
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahee-OH-nohn
Translations: (of) ages, (of) eternity, (of) worlds, (of) times
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, an age, or an era. It can also denote eternity or the world itself, depending on the context. In the genitive plural form, as seen here, it often signifies 'of ages' or 'of eternity', emphasizing a duration without end or a succession of distinct periods.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΩΝ, ΚΑΙΡΩΝ, ΓΕΝΕΩΝ
G4098
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-SOON-tai
Translations: they will fall, they shall fall
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'πίπτω' (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. It indicates an action that will happen in the future, specifically that 'they' (a group of people or things) will fall or collapse. It can be used in contexts describing the collapse of structures, the defeat of enemies, or the descent of something.
Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΙΠΤΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G5064
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: TES-sah-res
Translations: four
Notes: This word means 'four' and is used to denote the quantity of four items or people. It functions as an adjective, agreeing in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. This specific form is used for masculine and feminine nouns in the nominative or accusative case.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar words for 'four' in other Indo-European languages.
G4245
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pres-by-TEH-roy
Translations: elders, older men, presbyters
Notes: This word refers to older individuals, often those who hold a position of authority or leadership within a community, a family, or a religious group. In a religious context, it can specifically refer to church leaders or presbyters. It is used to describe a group of people who are older or hold a senior position.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΕΣΤΩΤΕΣ
G2521
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ka-THEE-meh-noo
Translations: (of) sitting, (of) dwelling, (of) remaining, (of) residing
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to sit' or 'to dwell'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of sitting, dwelling, or remaining in a place. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession or relationship, translating to 'of one who is sitting' or 'of one who dwells'. It can refer to a person, an animal, or even a divine being.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΟΣ, ΜΕΝΟΝΤΟΣ
G4352
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-koo-nay-SOO-sin
Translations: they will worship, they will bow down, they will prostrate themselves, they will do obeisance
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to worship,' 'to bow down,' or 'to prostrate oneself.' It describes an act of reverence, homage, or adoration, often involving bowing or kneeling before someone or something. It can be used to describe worship of God, but also bowing before a king, a person of authority, or even an idol.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ, ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ
Etymology: The word προσκυνέω is a compound word formed from πρός (pros), meaning 'towards' or 'facing,' and κυνέω (kyneō), meaning 'to kiss.' The original sense was to kiss the ground or the hand of a superior, evolving to mean 'to bow down' or 'to worship.'
G0906
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: bah-LOO-sin
Translations: they will throw, they will cast, they will put, they will lay, they will place
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'βάλλω' (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. It is used to describe an action of propelling something with force, or simply placing something. It can also be used metaphorically, such as 'to cast out' or 'to put into'.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ
G0514
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AX-ee-os
Translations: worthy, deserving, fit, suitable, a worthy one, a deserving one
Notes: This word describes something or someone as being worthy, deserving, or suitable for a particular purpose, action, or reward. It can be used to express that someone is 'worthy of' something, often followed by a genitive case, or 'deserving of' a certain fate or honor. It implies a correspondence between the quality of a person or thing and what is due to them.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine. This adjective can inflect for gender (masculine, feminine, neuter), number (singular, plural), and case (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative).
Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΞΙΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, to weigh'. It is related to the idea of balance and weighing, thus leading to the concept of worth or value.
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: lah-BANE
Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DY-na-min
Translations: power, might, strength, ability, miracle
Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength. It can also denote miraculous power or a mighty work. It is used to describe the capacity to perform something, whether physical, moral, or spiritual.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun meaning 'you' (singular). It is used when addressing a single person directly, typically as the subject of a sentence. It can also be used emphatically to highlight the person being addressed.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Second Person
Etymology: The word 'ΣΥ' is an ancient Greek pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been consistently used throughout various stages of the Greek language to refer to the second person singular.
G2936
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-TEE-sas
Translations: you created, you founded, you built, you made
Notes: This word means to create, found, or build. It is used to describe the act of bringing something into existence, establishing something, or constructing something. It often refers to God's act of creation or the establishment of a city or institution. In a sentence, it would typically be used with a subject performing the action of creation or building.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G2307
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: the-LEE-mah
Translations: will, desire, purpose, a will, a desire, a purpose
Notes: This word refers to a will, desire, or purpose, often implying a deliberate intention or choice. It can be used to describe the will of God, the will of a person, or a general intention. It is frequently used in contexts relating to divine purpose or human obedience to that purpose.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ
Etymology: From the verb θέλω (thelō), meaning 'to will, wish, desire'. It denotes the result or object of willing.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Personal Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: of you, your, yours
Notes: ΣΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the second-person personal pronoun 'you'. It indicates possession or relationship, similar to 'your' or 'of you' in English. It can be used to show that something belongs to the person being addressed, or to indicate the object of certain prepositions or verbs that take the genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, All genders
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-sahn
Translations: they were, were
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates an action or state that was ongoing or habitual in the past, referring to a plural subject. It functions similarly to 'were' in English, describing the state or existence of multiple entities in a past context.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
G2936
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-TIS-thay-san
Translations: they were created, they were founded, they were built
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to create,' 'to found,' or 'to build.' In this form, it indicates that a group of subjects 'were created' or 'were founded' by an external agent. It is often used in contexts describing the creation of the world or the establishment of something.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΕΩ
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