Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Codex Sinaiticus / Philippians / Chapter 4Philippians, Chapter 4
Interlinear version from Codex Sinaiticus (Beta)
G5620
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: HOH-steh
Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOY
Translations: brothers, fellow believers, countrymen, kinsmen
Notes: This word refers to brothers, either by blood or in a broader sense, such as fellow countrymen, kinsmen, or members of the same community or faith. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is commonly used to address a group of male individuals who share a close bond or common origin.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ, ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΙ
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
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Part of Speech: Letter
Sounds like: KAP-pah
Translations: K, Kappa
Notes: This is the tenth letter of the Greek alphabet. It represents the 'k' sound, similar to the English letter 'K'. In ancient Greek numeral systems, the lowercase 'κ' could represent the number 20, and the uppercase 'Κ' could represent 20,000.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The letter Kappa (Κ) is derived from the Phoenician letter kaph. It is the ancestor of the Latin letter K.
G0027
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-gah-pee-TOY
Translations: beloved, dear, a beloved one, a dear one
Notes: This word describes someone who is loved, cherished, or highly esteemed. It is often used as a term of endearment or address, similar to 'dear friends' or 'beloved ones' in English. It can be used to refer to individuals or groups.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΙ, ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G1973
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-pee-po-THEE-toy
Translations: longed for, greatly desired, much desired, yearned for
Notes: This adjective describes something or someone that is greatly desired or yearned for. It conveys a strong sense of affection and longing, indicating that the object of desire is deeply missed or highly valued. It is often used to express affection for people.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΣ, ΠΟΘΗΤΟΣ
G5479
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHA-ra
Translations: joy, a joy, gladness, delight
Notes: This word refers to a state of inner gladness, delight, or joy. It is often used to describe a deep-seated happiness that comes from a positive experience or a spiritual blessing. It can be used in sentences like 'He felt great joy' or 'There was much gladness among them.'
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the root χαίρω (chairō), meaning 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. It is related to the concept of grace or favor.
G4735
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: steh-FAH-nos
Translations: crown, a crown, wreath, a wreath, garland, a garland
Notes: This word refers to a crown, wreath, or garland, often made of leaves or flowers, worn on the head. It can symbolize victory, honor, royalty, or a prize awarded in contests. It is commonly used to denote a literal head covering or metaphorically to represent a reward or glory.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΔΗΜΑ, ΚΟΡΩΝΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΣ (stephanos) comes from the verb στέφω (stephō), meaning 'to encircle' or 'to crown'. It refers to something that encircles the head.
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G4739
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: STEE-keh-teh
Translations: stand, stand firm, stand fast, persevere
Notes: This word means to stand, to take a stand, or to stand firm. It is often used in a figurative sense to encourage steadfastness, perseverance, or remaining faithful in one's beliefs or position. It can be used as a command to maintain one's ground or to be unwavering.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EN
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-oh
Translations: (to) the Lord, (to) a Lord
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΩ (Kyrio), which means 'Lord' or 'Master'. It is used in the dative case, indicating the recipient or indirect object of an action. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'to the Lord' or 'for the Lord'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ
G2136
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: yoo-oh-DEE-ahn
Translations: Euodia
Notes: Euodia is a proper noun, specifically a feminine personal name. It refers to a specific individual, likely a woman, and is used to identify her in a sentence. In the New Testament, it refers to a Christian woman in Philippi.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G3870
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PA-ra-ka-LOH
Translations: I call to, I invite, I comfort, I encourage, I appeal, I beg, I entreat
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to call alongside' or 'to call to one's aid'. Depending on the context, it can mean to comfort, encourage, exhort, appeal to, or entreat someone. It is often used to describe the act of providing solace or urging someone to action.
Inflection: First person singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΛΗΤΟΣ
G4945
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soon-too-KHEEN
Translations: agreement, an agreement, concord, harmony
Notes: This word refers to a meeting, encounter, or agreement, often implying a harmonious or unified state of mind or purpose. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'τυγχάνω' (to happen, to meet). It describes the state of being in accord or having a shared understanding with others.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΝΟΙΑ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΙΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: OW-toh
Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it
Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ
G5426
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fro-NEEN
Translations: to think, to have in mind, to set one's mind on, to be minded, to be disposed, to be intent on, to be arrogant, to be conceited
Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb ΦΡΟΝΕΩ (phroneo). It describes the act of thinking, having a particular mindset, or being disposed towards something. It can also imply setting one's mind on a goal or, in a negative sense, being arrogant or conceited. It is used to express mental activity, intention, or attitude.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΝΟΕΩ, ΔΙΑΝΟΕΟΜΑΙ, ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The verb ΦΡΟΝΕΩ (phroneo) is derived from the noun φρήν (phren), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect'. It signifies the exercise of the mind or intellect.
G3483
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NAH-ee
Translations: yes, truly, indeed, even so, assuredly
Notes: This word is an adverb used to express affirmation, agreement, or strong assertion. It can be translated as 'yes' in response to a question, or 'truly' and 'indeed' to emphasize a statement. It often conveys a sense of certainty or confirmation.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΜΗΝ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ
Etymology: The word 'ΝΑΙ' comes from an ancient Greek particle expressing affirmation. Its origin is uncertain, but it is found in various forms across different Indo-European languages with similar meanings of affirmation or assent.
G2065
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-ROH-toh
Translations: I ask, I question, I request, I entreat
Notes: This verb means to ask a question, to inquire, or to make a request. It is often used in the context of seeking information or making an appeal to someone.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΕΡΩΤΑΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to ask' or 'to speak'. It has been in use since ancient Greek times.
G4571
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SEH
Translations: you
Notes: ΣΕ is the accusative singular form of the second-person pronoun, meaning 'you' when it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It indicates the person to whom an action is done or directed.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the accusative form of the second-person singular pronoun.
G1103
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: gnee-SEE-eh
Translations: genuine, true, legitimate, sincere, loyal, faithful, O genuine one, O true one, O sincere one
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning genuine, true, legitimate, sincere, or loyal. It is used to describe someone or something that is authentic, trustworthy, or of pure origin. In this form, it is used as a direct address to a male person, emphasizing their genuine or loyal character.
Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ, ΠΙΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ comes from the Greek root γένος (genos), meaning 'race, stock, family', implying something that is 'of good birth' or 'true to its kind'.
G4807
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soo-ZY-geh
Translations: yokefellow, true yokefellow, companion, colleague
Notes: This word refers to a 'yokefellow' or 'fellow worker,' someone who is bound together with another, as if sharing a yoke. It implies a close associate, a companion, or a colleague in a common task or purpose. It is often used metaphorically to describe someone who shares the same burdens or responsibilities.
Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ
G4806
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soon-ZY-geh
Translations: O yokefellow, O companion, O colleague, O partner
Notes: This word refers to a 'yokefellow' or 'companion', someone who is joined together with another, as if sharing a yoke. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ζυγός' (zygos), meaning 'yoke'. It is used to describe a close associate, partner, or colleague in a shared endeavor.
Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΖΥΓΟΣ is derived from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΖΥΓΟΣ (zygos), meaning 'yoke'. It literally means 'yoked together'.
G4846
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soo-lam-BAH-noo
Translations: you seize, you arrest, you conceive, you help, you assist
Notes: This word is the second person singular present active indicative form of the verb 'συλλαμβάνω' (syllambanō). It means 'you seize,' 'you arrest,' 'you conceive' (as in becoming pregnant), or 'you help/assist.' Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΙΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΒΟΗΘΕΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TAIS
Translations: to them, for them, them, these, those
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the Greek pronoun 'autos'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'them' (referring to feminine plural entities), or as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'these' or 'those' (again, referring to feminine plural entities). It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΙΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΑΙΣ
G3748
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: ahee-TIN-es
Translations: which, who
Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'which' or 'who'. It is a compound word formed from the relative pronoun ὅς (hos, 'who, which') and the indefinite pronoun τις (tis, 'someone, something'). It is used to introduce a clause that further describes a preceding noun, often emphasizing the quality or kind of the antecedent. For example, 'the women who...' or 'the things which...'.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative or Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΙ, ΟΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G2097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-ang-geh-LEE-zoh
Translations: I preach the gospel, I bring good news, I evangelize, I announce good tidings
Notes: This verb means to proclaim or announce good news, especially the gospel of Jesus Christ. It is often used in the context of sharing the message of salvation. It can be used transitively, taking a direct object (the good news itself), or intransitively, referring to the act of preaching.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΔΙΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ is a compound word derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and the verb ΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to proclaim'. Thus, it literally means 'to announce good news'.
G4866
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-ATH-lay-san
Translations: struggled together, contended together, fought together, to struggle together, to contend together, to fight together
Notes: This word describes the action of struggling or contending together with someone, often in a contest or conflict. It implies a shared effort or participation in a struggle. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἀθλέω' (to contend, struggle).
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G2812
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KLAY-men-tos
Translations: of Clement
Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper name Clement. The name Clement means 'mild' or 'merciful'. It refers to a specific individual named Clement, often a prominent figure in early Christian history, such as Clement of Rome.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name ΚΛΗΜΗΣ (Klēmēs) is derived from the Greek word κλήμα (klēma), meaning 'a shoot, a branch', but more commonly associated with the adjective κλημενής (klēmenēs), meaning 'mild, gentle, merciful'. It was a common Roman cognomen, Clemens.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G4900
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: soon-er-GOHN
Translations: of fellow workers, of fellow laborers, of co-workers, of fellow helpers, of co-laborers
Notes: This word is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἔργον' (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. It refers to someone who works together with another, a fellow worker, or a co-laborer. It is used to describe individuals who collaborate or assist in a common task or mission.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΑΤΗΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ
G3062
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb
Sounds like: loy-PON
Translations: of the remaining, of the rest, of the others, furthermore, finally, as for the rest
Notes: This word refers to what is left over or remaining. As an adjective, it describes things or people that are left. It is often used substantively, meaning 'the rest' or 'the others'. When used adverbially, it can mean 'furthermore', 'finally', or 'as for the rest', indicating a transition or conclusion in discourse.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΕΠΙΛΟΙΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, he who is, they who are
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It describes a state of being or existence, often functioning like an adjective or a noun. It can be translated as 'being' or 'who is/are' depending on the context, referring to someone or something that is in a particular state or performing an action of being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G3686
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-NO-ma-ta
Translations: names, a name
Notes: This word refers to names, titles, or reputations. It is the plural form of 'ΟΝΟΜΑ' (onoma), meaning 'name'. It is commonly used in contexts referring to multiple individuals' names, or to a collective reputation or designation.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΠΩΝΥΜΙΑ, ΚΛΗΣΙΣ
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Particle
Sounds like: EP-see-lon (as a letter name), eh (as a sound)
Translations: E, 5, if, then, indeed
Notes: This is the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet, epsilon. It can represent the number 5. As a standalone word, 'Ε' is not typically found in Koine Greek texts. It is highly probable that 'Ε' in the provided context is a typographical error or an abbreviation for a word like 'εἰ' (if) or 'ἐν' (in). If it were 'εἰ', it would function as a conditional particle meaning 'if'. If it were 'ἐν', it would be a preposition meaning 'in' or 'among'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or numeral). As a particle, it does not inflect.
Etymology: The letter Epsilon (Ε) is derived from the Phoenician letter He. Its name 'epsilon' means 'simple E' to distinguish it from the diphthong 'αι' (ai), which had come to be pronounced the same way.
G0976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEE-bloh
Translations: (to) a book, (to) a scroll, (to) a volume, (to) a record
Notes: This word refers to a book, scroll, or any written document. It is used to denote a collection of writings, often in the form of a roll or scroll in ancient times. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating the recipient or location of an action, such as 'in the book' or 'according to the book'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΗ, ΔΕΛΤΟΣ
G2222
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ZOH-ays
Translations: (of) life, (of) a life
Notes: Ζωῆς (zōēs) is the genitive singular form of the noun ζωή (zōē), which means 'life'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of life' or 'belonging to life'. It can refer to physical life, spiritual life, or a way of living. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the word of life' or 'the tree of life'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G5463
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: KHAH-ee-reh-teh
Translations: rejoice, be glad, farewell, greetings
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. It is often used as a greeting, similar to 'hello' or 'greetings', or as a farewell, meaning 'farewell' or 'goodbye'. It can also be an exhortation to experience joy or happiness.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ
G3842
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAN-toh-teh
Translations: always, at all times, ever
Notes: This word means 'always' or 'at all times'. It is used to indicate that an action or state is continuous or happens without exception. For example, one might say 'he always speaks the truth' or 'she is always joyful'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΕΙ, ΔΙΑΠΑΝΤΟΣ
Etymology: From πᾶς (pas, “all”) and ὅτε (hote, “when”). It literally means 'at all times'.
G3825
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAH-lin
Translations: again, back, anew, once more, on the other hand, moreover, in turn
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'back'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a contrasting idea, similar to 'on the other hand' or 'moreover'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΥΘΙΣ, ΕΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (to turn, revolve). It refers to a turning back or repetition.
G2046
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-ROH
Translations: I will say, I will speak, I will tell, I will ask
Notes: This word is a future tense form of the verb 'lego' (to say, speak). It indicates an action of speaking or asking that will happen in the future. It is often used to introduce direct speech or to express an intention to communicate something.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕΙΠΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΡΩ is the future stem of the verb ΛΕΓΩ (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. Its origin can be traced back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to collecting or speaking.
G1933
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-pee-ee-KES
Translations: gentle, mild, reasonable, fair, forbearing, moderate
Notes: This adjective describes someone or something as gentle, mild, or reasonable. It often implies a willingness to yield or be fair, even when one has the right to insist on something. It can also refer to what is equitable or moderate in a situation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΥΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΗΜΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ἔοικα (eoika), meaning 'to be like' or 'to be fitting'. It suggests what is fitting or suitable in a given situation, leading to the sense of fairness and reasonableness.
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: gno-STHAY-toh
Translations: let it be known, be known, let it be understood, be understood
Notes: This word is a third-person singular aorist passive imperative form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. As an imperative, it functions as a command or a strong request, specifically in the passive voice. Therefore, it means 'let it be known' or 'may it be known/understood'. It is used to express a desire or command that something should become known or recognized by others.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Imperative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΩΘΗΤΩ, ΔΗΛΩΘΗΤΩ
Etymology: The word 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to know'. It is related to English words like 'know' and 'cognition'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sin
Translations: to all, for all, with all, by all, in all
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness, often modifying a noun to show that something applies to every member of a group or every part of a whole. In this dative plural form, it typically translates as 'to all', 'for all', 'with all', or 'in all', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahn-THROH-poys
Translations: (to) men, (to) people, (for) men, (for) people, (by) men, (by) people
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ' (anthropos), meaning 'man' or 'human being'. In its dative plural form, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to men' or 'for men'. It can also express the agent or instrument, meaning 'by men' or 'with men', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΙ, ΑΝΔΡΕΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-os
Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.
G1451
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: ENG-goos
Translations: near, nigh, at hand, close, ready, almost, of near
Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'near' or 'at hand', indicating proximity in space or time. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'near to' or 'close to' something. For example, it might describe a person being physically close to a place, or an event being imminent. It can also convey the sense of 'almost' or 'ready'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΓΓΥΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁en- meaning 'in' or 'on'. It has been used in Greek since ancient times to denote proximity.
G3367
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: MAY-den
Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one
Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ
Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.
G3309
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-RIM-nah-teh
Translations: be anxious, worry, care, be concerned
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be anxious, to worry, or to care for something. It often implies a state of being overly concerned or distracted by worldly matters, sometimes with a negative connotation of undue anxiety, but can also refer to legitimate care or concern. It is used to describe the act of thinking deeply about something, often to the point of distraction or distress.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΦΡΟΝΤΙΖΩ, ΣΠΟΥΔΑΖΩ
Etymology: null
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, however, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a contrast, an exception, or an emphasis. It often translates to 'but' or 'yet' when contrasting two ideas, or 'rather' when correcting a previous statement. It can also be used to add emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is an indeclinable particle.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tee
Translations: (to) all, (to) every, (to) each
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'each'. It is used to describe a noun, indicating that the quality or action applies to the entirety of something or to every individual member of a group. In this dative singular form, it often translates to 'to all', 'to every', or 'to each', depending on the context of the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G4335
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-YOO-khee
Translations: prayer, a prayer, supplication
Notes: This word refers to an act of prayer or supplication, a communication with God or a deity. It is commonly used to describe the act of worship or a specific request made in prayer. It can be used in contexts ranging from personal devotion to public worship.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΕΗΣΙΣ, ΕΥΧΗ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek προσεύχομαι (proseúkhomai, “to pray”), from πρός (prós, “to, toward”) + εὔχομαι (eúkhomai, “to pray, to wish”). It literally means 'a prayer directed towards'.
G1162
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DEH-see
Translations: to a request, to a petition, to a prayer, to a supplication
Notes: This word refers to a specific request, petition, or prayer made to God or a person in authority, often implying a sense of need or urgency. It is used to describe the act of making an earnest appeal.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΗ, ΕΝΤΕΥΞΙΣ, ΑΙΤΗΜΑ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to
Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G2169
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-kha-ris-TEE-as
Translations: (of) thanksgiving, (of) gratitude, (of) thankfulness, (of) giving of thanks, thanksgivings, gratitudes, thankfulnesses, givings of thanks
Notes: This word refers to the act of giving thanks, expressing gratitude, or thankfulness. It is often used in a religious context to describe an act of worship or praise to God. It can also refer to the state of being grateful. In this form, it is either the genitive singular, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of thanksgiving'), or the accusative plural, indicating the direct object of an action (e.g., 'thanksgivings').
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine or Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΙΑ, ΔΟΞΑ
G0155
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahee-TEE-ma-ta
Translations: requests, petitions, desires
Notes: This word is a noun referring to things that are asked for, such as requests, petitions, or demands. It is used to describe specific things that one asks for, often in prayer or in a formal appeal.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΔΕΗΣΕΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΑΙ
G1107
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: gno-REE-ze-stho
Translations: let be known, be made known, be revealed
Notes: This word means 'to make known' or 'to cause to be known'. In this form, it is a command or instruction for something to be made known or revealed. It implies that information or a request should be presented or disclosed.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Imperative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-ohn
Translations: God, a God
Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΘΕΟΝ (Theon), which is the accusative singular form of the Greek word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos), meaning 'God'. It is used to refer to God as the direct object of a verb or preposition, indicating the recipient of an action. For example, 'they saw God' or 'they worshipped God'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G1515
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: i-RAY-nay
Translations: peace, a peace, tranquility, harmony, rest, prosperity
Notes: This word refers to a state of peace, tranquility, or harmony. It can denote the absence of conflict, a sense of well-being, or even prosperity. It is often used in greetings or farewells, wishing someone well, and can refer to both internal peace and external societal peace.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΙΡΗΝΗ is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from a verb meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together', suggesting a state of unity or agreement.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-OO
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.
G5242
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: hoo-per-EH-khoo-sah
Translations: excelling, surpassing, preeminent, superior, a superior, an excelling one
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'excelling' or 'being superior'. It describes something or someone that stands out or is preeminent in quality, rank, or power. It can be used to describe a person in authority or a quality that surpasses others.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΕΧΩ, ΥΨΗΛΟΣ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3563
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOON
Translations: mind, a mind, understanding, an understanding, reason, a reason
Notes: This word is the accusative singular form of the noun 'νοῦς' (nous), meaning 'mind', 'understanding', or 'reason'. It refers to the faculty of perception and understanding, often encompassing intellect, thought, and moral consciousness. It is used to indicate the direct object of an action, for example, 'to have a mind' or 'to direct one's understanding'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΝΟΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ
G5432
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: froo-RAY-see
Translations: will guard, will keep, will protect
Notes: This word means to guard, keep, or protect. It is used to describe the act of watching over something or someone, often with the implication of defense or preservation. It can be used in contexts where a person or thing is being kept safe from harm or danger.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΤΗΡΗΣΕΙ, ΦΥΛΑΞΕΙ, ΔΙΑΦΥΛΑΞΕΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G2588
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-DEE-as
Translations: of heart, of a heart, of mind, of soul, of inner self, of conscience, of courage, of will
Notes: This word refers to the physical heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of one's being, including thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used to denote the inner person, the seat of spiritual and moral life. For example, it can refer to the core of one's beliefs or the source of one's intentions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΝΟΥΣ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ
G3540
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: noh-AY-mah-tah
Translations: thoughts, purposes, designs, intentions, ideas, plans
Notes: This word refers to thoughts, intentions, or purposes of the mind. It describes the product of thinking or understanding, often implying a deeper meaning or a deliberate plan. It is used to speak of mental concepts or the inner workings of one's mind.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΝΟΗΜΑΤΑ, ΕΝΝΟΙΑΙ, ΒΟΥΛΑΙ
G5547
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: khree-STOH
Translations: (to) Christ, (in) Christ
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation (a nomina sacra) for ΧΡΙΣΤΩ (Christos), meaning 'Christ'. It is the dative singular form of the noun 'Christ', often used in phrases like 'in Christ' or 'to Christ' to indicate a relationship or state of being connected to Christ.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOO
Translations: of Jesus
Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ἸΗΣΟΥ (Iesou), which is the genitive form of the name Jesus. It refers to Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession or relationship, often translated as 'of Jesus' or 'Jesus''.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G3062
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb
Sounds like: LOY-pon
Translations: remaining, the rest, the remainder, other, finally, henceforth, for the rest
Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'remaining' or 'other', a noun meaning 'the rest' or 'the remainder', or an adverb meaning 'finally', 'henceforth', or 'for the rest'. As an adjective, it describes what is left over. As a noun, it refers to the remaining portion or people. As an adverb, it introduces a concluding thought or indicates a future time.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.
G3745
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective
Sounds like: OH-sah
Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things
Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It is commonly used to link a subject to a predicate, describing what the subject is or what state it is in. For example, it can mean 'he is' or 'it is', depending on the context.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G227
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-lay-THAY
Translations: true, real, truthful, genuine, a true thing, a real thing
Notes: This word describes something that is true, real, or genuine, as opposed to false or counterfeit. It can refer to a person who is truthful or to a statement or fact that is accurate. It is often used to emphasize the authenticity or reality of something.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter; or Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ, ΕΤΥΜΟΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ
G4586
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: SEM-nah
Translations: reverent, venerable, serious, honorable, dignified, sacred, holy
Notes: This word is an adjective describing something as reverent, venerable, serious, honorable, or dignified. It is used to describe things or people that inspire respect or awe due to their character, nature, or actions. It can refer to what is sacred or holy. As an adjective, it modifies nouns, indicating their quality or characteristic.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΕΝΤΙΜΟΣ, ΣΕΒΑΣΤΟΣ
G1342
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: dee-KAH-yah
Translations: just, righteous, right, fair, a just thing, a righteous thing
Notes: This word describes something or someone as being just, righteous, or in accordance with what is right. It can refer to actions, judgments, or individuals. It is often used to describe God's character or His judgments, indicating their inherent fairness and righteousness. It can also describe people who live in a way that is pleasing to God.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative; or Feminine, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative
Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΟΡΘΟΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with justice or right.
G0053
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AG-nah
Translations: pure, holy, chaste
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning pure, holy, or chaste. It describes something or someone free from defilement, sin, or moral impurity. It can be used to describe people, actions, or things, emphasizing their innocence, integrity, or sacredness.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative/Vocative Singular; or Neuter, Nominative/Accusative/Vocative Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΡΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word comes from the Greek root *hagnos*, meaning 'pure, holy, chaste'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is related to the concept of sacredness and ritual purity.
G4375
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pros-fee-LAY
Translations: beloved, dear, pleasing, agreeable, a beloved one, a dear one
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is beloved, dear, or pleasing. It is used to express affection or approval, indicating that a person or thing is agreeable or well-liked. It can be used to describe people, actions, or concepts.
Inflection: Accusative Singular Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative/Vocative Plural Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΣ, ΦΙΛΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and φίλος (philos), meaning 'dear' or 'beloved'. It literally means 'towards what is dear' or 'inclined to be dear'.
G2163
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-FEE-mah
Translations: praiseworthy, commendable, reputable, auspicious, of good report, well-spoken
Notes: This word describes something that is well-spoken, praiseworthy, or commendable. It refers to things that are of good report or reputation, suggesting a positive and honorable quality. It can be used to describe words, actions, or qualities that are worthy of praise and respect.
Inflection: Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Neuter; or Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek prefix 'ευ-' (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and 'φήμη' (phēmē), meaning 'speech' or 'report'. Thus, it literally means 'well-spoken' or 'of good report'.
G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: AY
Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be
Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)
Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ
Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G703
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-reh-TEH
Translations: virtue, excellence, moral excellence, a virtue, an excellence
Notes: This word refers to moral excellence, virtue, or any quality that makes a person or thing outstanding. It encompasses a broad range of positive attributes, including moral goodness, courage, and effectiveness. In ancient Greek thought, it was often associated with the fulfillment of one's purpose or function. It is used to describe a state of moral goodness or a specific act of virtue.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΣΥΝΗ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣΥΝΗ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ
Etymology: The etymology of 'ΑΡΕΤΗ' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek verb 'αρέσκω' (areskō), meaning 'to please' or 'to be fitting'. It has been used since Homeric times to denote excellence of any kind.
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: Unknown
Translations: unknown
Notes: It is not clear what this word means. It could be garbled or badly misspelled. There is no known Koine Greek word 'ΕΠΕΝΟΣ' in standard lexicons. It might be a misspelling of 'ΕΠΑΙΝΟΣ' (epainos), meaning 'praise' or 'commendation', or 'ΕΠΕΞΗΣ' (epexēs), meaning 'next in order'. Without diacritics, it's difficult to determine the intended word.
Inflection: Unknown
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G3049
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: loh-GHEE-zes-theh
Translations: you consider, you reckon, you think, you count, you calculate, you suppose, you impute
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to consider, reckon, or think. It implies a process of careful thought, calculation, or evaluation. It can be used in various contexts, such as considering a fact, reckoning an amount, or imputing something to someone. In the provided examples, it is used in the sense of 'you consider' or 'you think'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix
Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)
Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-
Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).
Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.
Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.
G3129
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-MAH-theh-teh
Translations: you learned, you have learned, you were taught
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to learn' or 'to be taught'. It describes the act of acquiring knowledge or skill, often through instruction or experience. It is used to indicate that a group of people (you all) completed the action of learning in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
G3880
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-eh-LAH-beh-teh
Translations: you received, you took, you accepted, you took along
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to receive', 'to take', 'to accept', or 'to take along'. It implies taking something from another person or source, often with the connotation of tradition, instruction, or a message being passed down. It can also mean to take someone with you, or to take something into one's possession.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-KOO-sah-teh
Translations: you heard, you have heard, you listened, you have listened
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. It is used to describe the act of perceiving sound or paying attention to something spoken. In this form, it indicates that a group of people ('you all') performed the action of hearing or listening in the past.
Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active Voice, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-deh-teh
Translations: you saw, you have seen, behold, see!
Notes: This is the second person plural, aorist active indicative or imperative form of the verb 'to see' or 'to know'. As an indicative, it means 'you (plural) saw' or 'you (plural) have seen'. As an imperative, it means 'see!' or 'behold!' (addressed to multiple people). It is often used to draw attention to something.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative or Imperative
Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ
Etymology: The verb ΕΙΔΩ (eido) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is related to Latin 'videre' (to see) and English 'wit' (knowledge).
G1698
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me, (by) me, (with) me
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the first-person pronoun 'I'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to me' or 'for me'. It can also express possession, advantage, or the agent in certain constructions, often translated as 'by me' or 'with me'. Its precise meaning depends on the context of the verb or preposition it accompanies.
Inflection: Dative, Singular, First Person
G4238
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PRAS-seh-teh
Translations: you do, you practice, you perform, you accomplish, do!, practice!, perform!, accomplish!
Notes: This word means to do, practice, perform, or accomplish something. It can refer to carrying out an action, engaging in a habit, or achieving a result. It is often used in the sense of 'to be engaged in' or 'to be occupied with'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative, 2nd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΑΣΣΩ (prassō) comes from an older form *πράττω (prattō), which is related to the noun πρᾶξις (praxis), meaning 'a doing' or 'action'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin or from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to pass over, to cross, to accomplish'.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-oss
Translations: God, a God, Lord
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation, for the Greek word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos). It refers to God, the supreme being, or a god in a general sense. It is commonly used in the New Testament to refer to the God of Israel.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It refers to the supreme divinity, or a deity in general.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G1515
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-RAY-nays
Translations: of peace, peace
Notes: This word refers to a state of tranquility, harmony, and well-being. It can denote an absence of conflict, a sense of inner calm, or a state of reconciliation. In a broader sense, it encompasses prosperity and security. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession or relationship, such as 'of peace' or 'belonging to peace'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΣΤΑΘΕΙΑ, ΓΑΛΗΝΗ
Etymology: From the verb ΕΙΡΩ (eirō), meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together', suggesting a state of being joined or united in harmony. It is related to the concept of wholeness and completeness.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tai
Translations: will be, shall be, it will be, it shall be
Notes: This word is the third person singular future indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It signifies an action or state that will occur in the future. It is commonly used to express future existence, occurrence, or a future state of being, often translated as 'will be' or 'shall be'. For example, 'it will be done' or 'he will be there'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent in future)
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (to be). It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language, tracing its roots back to the earliest stages of Indo-European.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: meth
Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with
Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).
G5463
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ekh-AH-reen
Translations: I rejoiced, I was glad, I was filled with joy
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. It describes a state of inner happiness or joy. In this specific form, it indicates that the action of rejoicing happened in the past and was a simple, completed action. It is often used to express a strong positive emotional response to an event or situation.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Indicative, Aorist, Passive (deponent)
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G3176
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: meh-GAH-lohs
Translations: greatly, mightily, loudly, exceedingly, very much
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'greatly' or 'mightily'. It describes the manner in which an action is performed, indicating a large degree, intensity, or volume. For example, it can be used to say that someone rejoiced greatly or spoke loudly.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΛΙΑΝ, ΠΟΛΥ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G2235
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AY-day
Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith
Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has already occurred. It emphasizes the immediacy or completion of an action or state. It can be used to mean 'already' in the sense of something having taken place before the expected time, or 'now' in the sense of 'at this very moment'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΡΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-d- (meaning 'already, now'). It is related to words meaning 'at that time' or 'then'.
G4218
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PO-teh
Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime
Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.
G0322
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-eth-AH-le-te
Translations: you have revived, you have flourished again, you have blossomed again, you have renewed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to revive, flourish again, or blossom anew. It implies a renewal or restoration of vitality, often after a period of decline or dormancy. It is used to describe something that has come back to life or regained its former vigor. It is a compound word formed from 'ανα' (again, anew) and 'θαλλω' (to bloom, to flourish).
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΖΑΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΙΝΙΖΩ
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOO
Translations: (of) me, my, mine
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the first-person pronoun, meaning 'I'. It indicates possession or origin, similar to 'of me' or 'my' in English. It can be used to show that something belongs to the speaker or comes from the speaker.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, First Person
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EF
Translations: upon, on, over, to, against, at, by, for, in, among, with, toward, concerning, because of
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), which means 'upon' or 'on'. The final vowel of ΕΠΙ is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'upon, on, over, during'; with the dative, it means 'on, at, by, for, in addition to'; and with the accusative, it means 'on, to, against, over, toward'. It is a very common and versatile preposition.
Inflection: Does not inflect (elided form of a preposition)
G5599, G3739
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Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)
Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever
Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)
Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.
G5426
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eph-ro-NEH-ee-teh
Translations: you were thinking, you were minding, you were setting your mind, you were being minded, you were having understanding, you were being disposed
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb ΦΡΟΝΕΩ (phroneō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It refers to the act of thinking, having a certain mindset, being disposed in a particular way, or understanding. It often implies a focus of one's thoughts or intentions on something.
Inflection: 2nd Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΝΟΕΩ, ΔΙΑΝΟΕΩ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ
G2540
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-kahee-REES-theh
Translations: you were made timely, you were made opportune, you were made seasonable
Notes: This word is the second person plural, aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'καιρίζω' (kairizo). It means 'to be made timely' or 'to be made opportune/seasonable'. In a sentence, it would describe a group of people (you all) who were brought into a state of being timely or opportune, or whose actions were made to occur at the right time. The passive voice indicates that the action was done to them, rather than by them.
Inflection: Second Person Plural, Aorist, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΥΚΑΙΡΕΩ
Etymology: The verb 'καιρίζω' (kairizo) is derived from the noun 'καιρός' (kairos), meaning 'due season, fit time, opportunity'. The root 'καιρός' itself is of uncertain etymology, possibly related to a root meaning 'to cut' or 'to divide', implying a 'cut' or 'appointed' time.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH
Translations: no, not, never, by no means
Notes: This word is a negative adverb used to express absolute negation. It is typically used before a vowel with a rough breathing mark (like 'ουχί' or 'οὐχ') or before a consonant with a smooth breathing mark (like 'οὐκ'). It denies a statement or fact, indicating that something is not true or does not exist. It can be used to negate verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ
Etymology: This word is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂u- meaning 'not'. It is an ancient Greek negative particle.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: kath
Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.
G5303
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hy-steh-RAY-sin
Translations: lack, a lack, deficiency, a deficiency, want, a want, need, a need, poverty, a poverty
Notes: This word refers to a state of lacking something, a deficiency, or a need. It can also denote poverty or destitution. It is used to describe a situation where something is absent or insufficient, or when someone is in want of something.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΕΙΑ, ΕΛΑΤΤΩΜΑ
Etymology: The word ΥΣΤΕΡΗΣΙΣ (hysteresis) is derived from the verb ΥΣΤΕΡΕΩ (hystereo), meaning 'to be behind, to lack, to fall short'. It is related to the adjective ὕστερος (hysteros), meaning 'later, behind'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-goh
Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean
Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: This is a first-person singular pronoun, meaning 'I' or 'me'. It is used when the speaker is referring to themselves as the subject of a verb (nominative case). It can also be used for emphasis.
Inflection: First person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a common first-person pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G3129
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-MA-thon
Translations: I learned, they learned, I was taught, they were taught
Notes: This word is an aorist indicative active form of the verb 'μανθανω' (manthano), meaning 'to learn' or 'to be taught'. In this specific form, it can mean 'I learned' (first person singular) or 'they learned' (third person plural), depending on the context. It describes an action of learning that occurred in the past, often with a focus on the completion of the action.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The word 'μανθανω' (manthano) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to think, to learn'. It is related to other Greek words concerning knowledge and understanding.
G3739
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OYS
Translations: to whom, to which, to what
Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-mee
Translations: to be, I am, you are, he is, she is, it is, we are, they are, to exist, to happen, to occur, to come to pass
Notes: This is the Greek verb 'to be', one of the most fundamental verbs in the language. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. It can function as a linking verb, connecting the subject to a predicate noun or adjective, or it can indicate simple existence or occurrence. Its meaning often depends on the context and the case of the noun or pronoun it accompanies.
Inflection: Infinitive or First Person Singular Present Active Indicative. It is a highly irregular verb with many forms for person, number, tense, mood, and voice.
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'eimi' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb found across many Indo-European languages.
G0842
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TAR-kays
Translations: self-sufficient, content, sufficient in oneself, independent
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is self-sufficient, content with what they have, and not dependent on external help or resources. It implies a state of inner satisfaction and independence. It can be used to describe a person who is satisfied with their own means and does not need assistance from others.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΑΡΚΕΤΟΣ
Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: ΑΥΤΟΣ (autos), meaning 'self', and ΑΡΚΕΩ (arkeo), meaning 'to be sufficient' or 'to suffice'. It literally means 'self-sufficient'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to occur
Notes: This is the infinitive form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It signifies existence, occurrence, or a state of being. It is often used with other verbs to form periphrastic constructions or to express purpose or result. For example, it can mean 'to be' in the sense of 'he wants to be good' or 'it is about to happen'.
Inflection: Infinitive
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΓΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- 'to be'. It is cognate with English 'is' and Latin 'esse'.
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OY-dah
Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to be aware of
Notes: This verb means 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is a perfect tense form that is used with a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing or having come to know. It can refer to knowing facts, understanding concepts, or being acquainted with people or things. It often implies a deep, experiential knowledge rather than mere intellectual acquaintance.
Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the English word 'wit'. It originally meant 'to have seen' (perfect tense of 'to see'), and thus 'to know' (from having seen).
G5013
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Part of Speech: Verb (Infinitive)
Sounds like: tah-pee-NOO-sthai
Translations: to be humbled, to be abased, to humble oneself, to be brought low
Notes: This word is the present passive infinitive form of the verb 'tapeinoo'. It means 'to be humbled' or 'to be abased'. It describes the action of being made low or brought down, either by external forces or by one's own voluntary act of humility. It can also imply a state of lowliness or a willingness to submit.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΥΛΑΒΕΙΣΘΑΙ, ΠΡΑΥΝΕΣΘΑΙ
G4052
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ris-SEV-een
Translations: to abound, to be over and above, to excel, to be left over, to have in abundance, to overflow
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to have an abundance of something, to be more than enough, or to excel. It can describe a surplus of material possessions, spiritual blessings, or even a superabundance of something negative. It is often used to indicate a state of overflowing or exceeding a certain measure.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝΑΖΩ, ΥΠΕΡΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-see
Translations: (to) all, (for) all, (to) every, (for) every, (to) the whole, (for) the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. As a dative plural form, it typically signifies 'to all' or 'for all', indicating the recipients or beneficiaries of an action.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΣΙ, ΟΛΟΙΣ
G3453
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-MYOO-eh-mai
Translations: I have been initiated, I have learned, I have been taught, I have been instructed, I have been accustomed
Notes: This word is a perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'μυέω' (myéō). It means to have been initiated into something, to have learned or been taught a secret or a mystery, or to have become accustomed to a particular experience or way of life. It implies a deep, personal experience or understanding gained through instruction or hardship.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΕΚΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ
Etymology: The verb μῠέω (myéō) is derived from μύω (mýō), meaning 'to close the eyes or mouth'. This root suggests the idea of secrecy or being initiated into something that is not openly revealed.
G5526
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: khor-TAH-zeh-sthai
Translations: to be fed, to be satisfied, to be filled
Notes: This word means to be fed, to be satisfied, or to be filled, often referring to physical nourishment. However, it can also be used metaphorically to describe being spiritually or emotionally satisfied. It is used here in the passive infinitive form, indicating the action of being filled or satisfied.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΥΣΘΑΙ, ΕΜΠΙΠΛΑΣΘΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΧΟΡΤΑΖΩ (chortazo) comes from the Greek word χόρτος (chortos), meaning 'fodder, grass, hay'. The verb originally meant 'to feed with fodder' and then extended to mean 'to feed, to satisfy' generally.
G4093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PI-na
Translations: tablet, board, plank, writing tablet, a tablet for writing, a picture, a painting, a list, a register
Notes: This word refers to a flat piece of material, such as a board or plank, often used for writing or painting. It can also denote a list or register, like a table of contents or an inventory. In some contexts, it might refer to a picture or painting itself, as these were often done on such surfaces.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΕΛΤΟΣ, ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΕΙΟΝ
Etymology: The word "ΠΙΝΑΞ" (pinax) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or related to the root *pin- meaning 'to paint' or 'to decorate'.
G5302
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoos-teh-REES-thai
Translations: to be lacking, to be in need, to be deficient, to fall short, to suffer want, to be behind, to be inferior
Notes: This word is the present passive infinitive form of the verb 'hustereo'. It describes the state of being in want, lacking something, or falling short of a standard or expectation. It can also imply being inferior or coming behind others. It is often used to express a deficiency or a state of need.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΛΑΤΤΟΩ, ΛΕΙΠΩ, ΠΤΩΧΕΥΩ
Etymology: From the Greek adjective ὕστερος (husteros), meaning 'later, last, inferior'. The verb form implies being 'behind' or 'lacking'.
G2480
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: iss-KHOO-oh
Translations: to be strong, to be able, to prevail, to have power, to be valid, to be effective, to have strength, to be healthy
Notes: This verb means to be strong, to have power, or to be able to do something. It can describe physical strength, mental capacity, or the ability to achieve a goal. It is often used to indicate that someone or something has the necessary force or authority to accomplish a task or overcome an obstacle. It can also refer to the validity or effectiveness of something, such as a law or an argument.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ
Etymology: From 'ισχύς' (ischys), meaning 'strength' or 'might'. It denotes the possession of inherent power or ability.
G1743
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-dy-na-MOO-tee
Translations: strengthening, empowering, enabling, giving power to, making strong
Notes: This word is a present active participle, dative singular, of the verb 'endynamoo'. It describes someone or something that is actively strengthening, empowering, or enabling. It is often used in a context where divine power or strength is being imparted to an individual, allowing them to perform tasks or endure challenges. It can be translated as 'to the one strengthening' or 'by the one strengthening', depending on the context.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΔΥΝΑΜΟΩ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΩ
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the first-person singular pronoun 'me' in the accusative case. It is used as the direct object of a verb or as the object of certain prepositions, indicating the recipient of an action or the object being affected.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΜΕ (me) derives from the ancient Greek first-person singular pronoun. Its form has remained largely consistent throughout various stages of the Greek language.
G4133
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: PLAYN
Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for
Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ
Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.
G2573
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: KAL-ohs
Translations: well, rightly, properly, honorably, commendably
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'well' or 'rightly'. It describes an action performed in a good, proper, or honorable manner. It can indicate that something is done correctly, skillfully, or in a way that is morally upright.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΥ, ΟΡΘΩΣ, ΚΑΛΩΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΛΩΣ is derived from the adjective ΚΑΛΟΣ (KALOS), meaning 'good' or 'beautiful'.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-POY-ee-SAH-teh
Translations: you made, you did, you performed, you produced
Notes: This word is a verb in the past tense, specifically the aorist tense, indicating a completed action that occurred at a specific point in the past. It means 'to make', 'to do', 'to perform', or 'to produce'. It is used when referring to an action that 'you' (plural) completed.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G4794
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: soong-koy-noh-NAY-san-tes
Translations: having shared with, having become a fellow partaker, having participated with, fellow partakers, partners
Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'sugkoinōneō'. It describes someone who has shared in something or become a fellow partaker with others. The prefix 'συν-' (syn-) means 'with' or 'together', and 'κοινωνέω' (koinōneō) means 'to have fellowship', 'to share', or 'to participate'. Thus, the word signifies a deep involvement or partnership with others in a common experience, action, or state.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΟΣ, ΜΕΤΟΧΟΣ
G2347
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thlip-SEI
Translations: (to) tribulation, (to) affliction, (to) distress, (to) trouble, in tribulation, in affliction, in distress, in trouble
Notes: This word refers to tribulation, affliction, distress, or trouble. It describes a state of pressure, suffering, or hardship. It is often used to denote severe difficulties or persecution. In a sentence, it would typically indicate the circumstances or state in which an action occurs, or the recipient of an action (in a figurative sense).
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑ, ΠΑΘΗΜΑ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OY-da-tai
Translations: you know, you have known
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to know' or 'to have known'. It describes a state of knowing or having acquired knowledge. It is often used to express certainty or understanding. In the provided examples, it is used in the sense of 'you know' or 'you have known'.
Inflection: Present Indicative, Second Person Plural, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MEES
Translations: you, to you, for you, by you, with you
Notes: This word is a second-person plural pronoun. Without diacritics, it most commonly represents either the nominative form 'ὑμεῖς' (you) or the dative form 'ὑμῖν' (to/for/by/with you). Its specific meaning in a sentence depends on the grammatical case it represents, which is often determined by context or the presence of prepositions. It refers to a group of people being addressed.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Dative
Etymology: The word 'ὑμεῖς' (hymeis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *yuH- (you). It is the plural form of the second-person pronoun.
G5374
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: fee-lip-PEH-see-oy
Translations: Philippians, people of Philippi
Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of the ancient city of Philippi, located in Macedonia. It is used to denote the people from that specific city, often in the context of a letter or address to them, such as the Epistle to the Philippians in the New Testament.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The word is derived from ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΣ (Philippos), the name of the city, which was named after Philip II of Macedon.
G0746
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-KHEE
Translations: beginning, rule, ruler, first, origin, a beginning, a rule, an origin
Notes: This word refers to a beginning, origin, or the first in a series. It can also denote a position of authority, rule, or dominion, and by extension, the person holding such authority, a ruler or magistrate. It is used to describe the starting point of something, or the source from which something originates. It can also refer to the principal or chief thing.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ergʰ- meaning 'to begin, to rule'. It refers to both the commencement of something and the authority or power associated with a leader or origin.
G2098
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-ang-geh-LEE-oo
Translations: of good news, of gospel, of glad tidings
Notes: This word refers to the good news or glad tidings, particularly the Christian gospel. It is often used to describe the message of salvation through Jesus Christ. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of the gospel' or 'belonging to the gospel'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΓΜΑ, ΛΟΓΟΣ
G3753
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OH-teh
Translations: when, whenever, at which time
Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.
G1831
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-AYL-tho
Translations: I went out, I came out, I departed, I went forth, I came forth
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'exerchomai', meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. It describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or from one location to another, often implying departure or emergence. It can be used in various contexts to indicate leaving, appearing, or originating from somewhere.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.
G3109
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: mah-keh-do-NEE-ahs
Translations: of Macedonia
Notes: This word refers to the region of Macedonia, a historical and geographical region in the Balkan Peninsula. It is used to indicate possession or origin from Macedonia.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G3762
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: oo-deh-MEE-ah
Translations: no one, nothing, not one, no, none, not any
Notes: This is a compound word formed from οὐδέ (not even, nor) and εἷς (one). It functions as an adjective or pronoun, meaning 'no one,' 'nothing,' 'not one,' or 'not any.' It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something, often modifying a noun or standing in for one. For example, 'no woman' or 'not a single thing.'
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle οὐδέ (oude), meaning 'not even' or 'nor,' and the numeral εἷς (heis), meaning 'one.' It developed to express a complete negation or absence.
G1577
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-ah
Translations: assembly, congregation, church, an assembly, a congregation, a church
Notes: This word refers to an assembly of citizens summoned for a specific purpose, often for public deliberation or religious gathering. In the New Testament, it primarily denotes the Christian community, either a local congregation or the universal body of believers. It is a compound word derived from 'ek' (out of) and 'kaleo' (to call), literally meaning 'a calling out' or 'those called out'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ is derived from the Greek preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΚΑΛΕΩ (kaleo), meaning 'to call'. It originally referred to a formal assembly of citizens in ancient Greek city-states, summoned by a herald.
G2841
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-koy-noh-NEH-sen
Translations: he shared, he had fellowship, he participated, he contributed, he communicated
Notes: This word describes the act of sharing, participating, or having fellowship with someone or something. It implies a mutual involvement or contribution. It can also refer to contributing financially or materially to a cause or person. In a broader sense, it signifies being a partner or having a common bond.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΕΧΩ, ΣΥΝΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΩ
Etymology: From κοινός (koinos, "common") and the suffix -έω (-eō, forming verbs). It signifies making something common or sharing in common.
G1519, G1520
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one
Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'
Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gon
Translations: word, a word, message, a message, account, an account, reason, a reason, saying, a saying
Notes: This word refers to a word, message, statement, or account. It can also denote reason, speech, or a divine utterance. In a sentence, it often functions as the direct object, indicating what is being spoken, heard, or discussed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΜΥΘΟΣ
G1394
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOH-seh-ohs
Translations: of giving, of a giving, of a gift, of a donation
Notes: This word refers to the act of giving or the thing given, a gift or donation. It is used to describe the source or origin of something that has been given.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΩΡΕΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ
G3028
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LEEM-pseh-ohs
Translations: (of) taking, (of) receiving, (of) seizing, a taking, a receiving, a seizing
Notes: This word refers to the act of taking, receiving, or seizing something. It is often used in contexts where something is acquired or obtained. It is derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambano), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΛΗΨΙΣ, ΛΑΒΗ
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G3441
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MOH-noy
Translations: alone, only, solitary, by oneself, the only ones
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'alone' or 'only'. It describes something or someone as being singular, isolated, or unique in a particular context. It can be used to emphasize exclusivity or solitude. For example, it might describe people who are by themselves or the only ones present.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΟΣ, ΙΔΙΟΣ
G2332
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: thess-ah-loh-NEE-kee
Translations: Thessalonica
Notes: Thessalonica was a major city in ancient Macedonia, located on the Thermaic Gulf. It was an important port city and a significant center for trade and culture in the Roman Empire. The city is well-known from the New Testament as the destination of two of Paul's epistles.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The city was founded in 315 BC by Cassander of Macedon and named after his wife, Thessalonike, who was the half-sister of Alexander the Great. Her name means 'victory over the Thessalians'.
G0530
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AH-pax
Translations: once, once for all, at once, together, all at once
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'once' or 'once for all'. It emphasizes a single, decisive action that is completed and not to be repeated. It can also mean 'at once' or 'together' in certain contexts, indicating simultaneity.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΝ, ΕΦΑΠΑΞ
Etymology: From the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'one' or 'single', and πήγνυμι (pēgnumi), meaning 'to fix' or 'to make firm'. It conveys the idea of something being fixed or done 'once and for all'.
G1364
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: DEES
Translations: twice, two times, again
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'twice' or 'two times'. It is used to indicate that an action or event occurs on two separate occasions or is repeated. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He went to the city twice'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕΥΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΑΛΙΝ
Etymology: This word comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'two'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Article
Sounds like: TAYN
Translations: the
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΗΝ (TĒN), which is the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As an article, it always precedes the noun it modifies and agrees with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used with feminine singular nouns in the accusative case.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from a demonstrative pronoun in Proto-Indo-European. It evolved to function as a definite article, specifying nouns.
G5532
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHREE-an
Translations: need, a need, necessity, use, service
Notes: This word is a noun meaning 'need,' 'necessity,' 'use,' or 'service.' It often appears in phrases like 'to have need of' something, indicating a requirement or a lack that needs to be filled. It can refer to a personal need, a practical use, or a necessary service.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΗ, ΧΡΗΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΧΡΕΙΑ (chreia) comes from the Greek verb χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use, to need.' It is related to the concept of utility and what is necessary or useful.
G3992
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-PEM-psah-teh
Translations: you sent, you did send
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'. It is used to describe the action of one or more people sending something or someone. In this specific form, it indicates that 'you' (plural) performed the action of sending in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the idea of 'sending forth' or 'dispatching'.
G1934
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-ZAY-toh
Translations: seek after, desire, crave, search for, require, look for
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (upon, over, to) and the verb ΖΗΤΩ (to seek, search). It means to seek after something with earnestness or to desire it strongly. It can imply a diligent search or a strong craving. It is often used in contexts where someone is looking for something specific or has a deep longing for it.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΖΗΤΩ, ΕΚΖΗΤΩ, ΖΗΤΩ
G1394
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOH-mah
Translations: gift, a gift
Notes: This word refers to something that is given, a present, or a donation. It is used to describe an act of giving or the item that is given. It is a neuter noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΔΟΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It refers to the result of the act of giving.
G2590
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-PON
Translations: fruit, a fruit, produce, crop, result, profit
Notes: This word refers to the fruit or produce of plants, trees, or the earth. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the result, outcome, or profit of actions or endeavors. In the provided examples, it refers to the literal fruit of plants.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΜΑ, ΕΚΒΑΣΙΣ, ΑΠΟΒΑΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΡΠΟΣ (karpos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or related to a root meaning 'to pluck' or 'to gather'.
G4121
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pleh-oh-NAH-zon-tah
Translations: abounding, increasing, overflowing, excelling, being in abundance, having more than enough, being more than enough, superabounding
Notes: This word describes something that is in abundance, increasing, or overflowing. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate that the subject is abounding or excelling in something. It can also mean to have more than enough or to superabound.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter; or Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΥΠΕΡΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word ΠΛΕΟΝΑΖΩ comes from the Greek word πλέον (pleon), meaning 'more' or 'greater'. It signifies an increase or abundance.
G0568
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ap-EKH-oh
Translations: I have, I receive, I am distant, I am far, I am sufficient, I abstain, I hold back
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'απο' (away from) and 'εχω' (to have, to hold). Its meaning varies significantly depending on context. It can mean to receive in full, to be distant or far away, to be sufficient, or to abstain from something.
Inflection: Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΧΩΡΙΖΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó, "from, away from") and ἔχω (ékhō, "I have, I hold"). It literally means 'to have away from' or 'to hold off'.
G4052
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ris-SEH-oo-oh
Translations: to abound, to be over and above, to overflow, to be left over, to excel, to be more than enough
Notes: This verb means to have an abundance of something, to be in surplus, or to exceed a certain measure. It can also describe something that is left over or to excel in a particular quality or action. It is used to indicate a state of plenty or superiority.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΠΛΕΟΝΑΖΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek περί (peri, "around, about") and the root of the verb σεύω (seúō, "to rush, to hasten"). The combination suggests a sense of overflowing or going beyond a limit.
G4137
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pep-lay-ROH-mai
Translations: I have been filled, I am full, I have been completed, I am complete, I have been fulfilled, I am fulfilled
Notes: This word is a perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'pleroo'. It means 'I have been filled' or 'I am full', indicating a state of being completely filled or made full. It can also mean 'I have been completed' or 'I have been fulfilled', referring to something being brought to its full extent or conclusion. It describes a completed action with ongoing results, often implying a state of abundance or accomplishment.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΓΕΜΩ, ΠΛΗΘΥΝΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ
G1209
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: deh-KSAH-meh-nos
Translations: receiving, having received, accepting, having accepted, welcoming, having welcomed, taking, having taken
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'dechomai', meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is ongoing. It often conveys the sense of someone who has taken something into their possession, welcomed someone, or accepted a proposition.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΥΠΟΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: pah-RAH
Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.
G1891
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ep-af-ro-DEI-too
Translations: of Epaphroditus
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun Epaphroditus. Epaphroditus was a personal name, meaning 'charming' or 'lovely,' derived from Aphrodite, the Greek goddess of love and beauty. In the New Testament, Epaphroditus was a fellow worker and soldier of Paul, sent by the Philippian church to minister to Paul's needs.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: pa-RAH
Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a
Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.
G3744
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: os-MEE
Translations: smell, odor, fragrance, a smell, an odor, a fragrance
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΟΣΜΗ. It refers to a smell, odor, or fragrance, often used in a positive sense to describe a pleasant aroma. It can be used to describe the scent of sacrifices, perfumes, or even the spiritual aroma of Christ.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From the verb ὄζω (ozō), meaning 'to smell' or 'to emit a smell'.
G2175
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-oh-DEE-as
Translations: of a sweet smell, of a fragrance, of a sweet savor, of a pleasing aroma
Notes: This word refers to a sweet smell, a pleasant aroma, or a fragrance. It is often used metaphorically in the New Testament to describe something that is pleasing or acceptable to God, like a sacrifice or an act of service. It conveys the idea of something delightful and agreeable.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΣΜΗ
Etymology: The word ΕΥΩΔΙΑ (euodia) is a compound word derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ΟΖΩ (ozō), meaning 'to smell'. Thus, it literally means 'a good smell' or 'a pleasant odor'.
G2378
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thoo-SEE-ahn
Translations: sacrifice, an offering, a sacrifice, an offering
Notes: This word refers to a sacrifice or an offering, typically something presented to a deity as an act of worship or propitiation. It is often used in religious contexts to describe the act of giving up something valuable, sometimes even life, as a dedication. This specific form is an inflection of the noun 'ΘΥΣΙΑ'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΟΡΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ
G1184
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: DEK-teen
Translations: acceptable, pleasing, welcome, an acceptable (thing)
Notes: This word describes something that is acceptable, pleasing, or welcome. It is often used to describe something that is received favorably, such as a sacrifice, a day, or a person. It functions as an adjective, modifying a noun.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΠΡΟΣΔΕΚΤΟΣ, ΕΥΑΡΕΣΤΟΣ
G2101
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-AR-es-ton
Translations: well-pleasing, acceptable, pleasing, agreeable
Notes: This word describes something that is well-pleasing or acceptable, often in a moral or spiritual sense. It signifies something that meets with approval or favor, particularly in the sight of God. It can be used to describe actions, sacrifices, or a way of life that is agreeable to a higher standard.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΟΣ, ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ἀρεστός (arestos), meaning 'pleasing' or 'agreeable'. Thus, it literally means 'well-pleasing'.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-oh
Translations: to God, for God, God
Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a contracted form of the Koine Greek word ΘΕΩ (THEO). It is the dative singular form of the noun ΘΕΟΣ (THEOS), meaning 'God'. As a dative case, it typically indicates the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. Thus, it is commonly translated as 'to God' or 'for God'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G4137, G4138
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Part of Speech: Verb, Noun
Sounds like: play-ROH-see
Translations: will fulfill, will complete, will fill, will accomplish, will bring to an end, fullness, completion, fulfillment, a filling, a completion
Notes: This word can function as a verb or a noun. As a verb, it means 'will fulfill,' 'will complete,' or 'will fill,' indicating an action that will be brought to completion in the future. As a noun, it refers to 'fullness,' 'completion,' or 'fulfillment,' describing the state or act of being filled or completed. It is often used in contexts of bringing something to its intended end or measure.
Inflection: Verb: Future Active Indicative, Third Person Singular; Noun: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΣΕΙ, ΑΝΑΠΛΗΡΩΣΕΙ, ΕΚΠΛΗΡΩΣΕΙ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PA-san
Translations: all, every, whole, an entire
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of something. For example, it can be used to say 'all people' or 'every house'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G4149
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLOO-tos
Translations: wealth, riches, abundance, a wealth, a richness, an abundance
Notes: This word refers to material wealth, riches, or abundance. It is often used in a general sense to describe possessions or prosperity. It can be used in sentences like 'He had great wealth' or 'The abundance of the harvest was evident'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΙΑ, ΕΥΠΟΡΙΑ
Etymology: From πλέω (pleō, "to sail"), referring to the wealth gained through sea trade, or from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- ("to fill").
G4149
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLOO-ton
Translations: wealth, riches, a wealth
Notes: This word refers to wealth, riches, or abundance. It is often used to describe material possessions or financial prosperity. In a sentence, it would typically function as the direct object, indicating what is possessed or accumulated.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ, ΟΥΣΙΑ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: of him, of it, his, its, of himself, of itself, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun, a possessive pronoun, or an intensive/reflexive pronoun. In the genitive case, as seen here, it typically means 'of him' or 'of it' when referring to a third person, or 'his' or 'its' to indicate possession. It can also be used for emphasis, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', especially when preceding the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
G1391
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOK-say
Translations: glory, a glory, honor, an honor, splendor, a splendor, majesty, a majesty, renown, a renown, reputation, a reputation, dignity, a dignity
Notes: This word refers to glory, honor, splendor, or majesty. It can describe the inherent nature of God, the visible manifestation of His presence, or the esteem and reputation of a person. It is often used in contexts of praise, worship, or divine revelation. It can also refer to human reputation or dignity.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ
Etymology: The word ΔΟΞΑ (doxa) comes from the Greek verb δοκέω (dokeō), meaning 'to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose'. Over time, it evolved to mean 'opinion, reputation, honor, and then glory'.
G3962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PAH-tree
Translations: to a father, to the father, for a father, for the father
Notes: This word refers to a father or an ancestor. In its dative form, it indicates the recipient of an action or the person for whom something is done. It can be used to refer to a biological father, an ancestor, or even God as a father figure.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΤΩΡ, ΠΡΟΓΟΝΟΣ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G1391
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOK-sah
Translations: glory, a glory, splendor, honor, praise, reputation, dignity, majesty
Notes: This word refers to glory, splendor, or honor. It can describe the inherent majesty of God, the praise given to someone, or a person's reputation. It is often used in a theological context to refer to the divine nature or manifestation of God's presence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΕΥΚΛΕΙΑ
Etymology: From the Greek verb δοκέω (dokeō), meaning 'to seem, to appear, to think'. The noun originally referred to an opinion or expectation, then evolved to mean 'reputation' and eventually 'glory' or 'splendor'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G0165
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahee-OH-nas
Translations: age, an age, eternity, forever, world, a world, course, a course
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, which can be an age, an era, or even eternity. It can also refer to the world or the present order of things. Its meaning often depends on the context, sometimes denoting a long, indefinite period, and at other times a specific, defined epoch. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΙΩΝ (aion) comes from an ancient root meaning 'living' or 'vital force', evolving to denote a lifetime, then an age, and eventually eternity. It is related to the concept of continuous existence.
G0165
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahee-OH-nohn
Translations: of ages, of eternities, of worlds
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΑΙΩΝ' (aiōn), meaning 'age,' 'eternity,' or 'world.' It is often used in phrases to denote an indefinite period of time, such as 'forever' or 'unto the ages of ages,' emphasizing an unending duration or a succession of ages.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΩΝ, ΚΑΙΡΩΝ
G0281
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ah-MEN
Translations: Amen, truly, verily, so be it
Notes: This word is an affirmation, meaning 'truly' or 'so be it'. It is often used to express agreement or to confirm the truth of a statement. It can appear at the beginning of a sentence to emphasize the truthfulness of what is about to be said, or at the end of a prayer or declaration to signify assent and a desire for the preceding words to come to pass.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΝΑΙ
Etymology: The word is a transliteration of the Hebrew word 'āmēn', meaning 'certainly', 'truly', or 'so be it'. It is derived from a root meaning 'to be firm' or 'to be reliable'.
G0782
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: as-pa-SAS-thai
Translations: to greet, to salute, to welcome, to embrace, to bid farewell, to take leave of
Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive form of the verb 'aspazomai'. It means to greet or salute someone, often with a gesture of affection like an embrace. It can also be used in the context of bidding farewell or taking leave of someone.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΕΤΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ
G0040
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AH-gee-on
Translations: holy, sacred, a holy thing, a sacred thing, set apart
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'holy,' 'sacred,' or 'set apart.' It describes something that is consecrated to God, pure, or morally blameless. It can refer to places, objects, or people that are dedicated to divine service or possess a divine quality. In its neuter form, it can also refer to a 'holy thing' or 'sacred place.'
Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular; Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΙΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which inspires awe and reverence, particularly in a religious context.
G0782
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ahs-PAH-zon-tai
Translations: they greet, they salute, they embrace, they welcome
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to greet,' 'to salute,' 'to embrace,' or 'to welcome.' It is often used in the context of exchanging greetings or showing affection and respect to someone. It can also imply a warm reception or a farewell.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΕΤΕ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΟΥΣΙΝ
Etymology: The word ΑΣΠΑΖΟΜΑΙ is likely derived from the prefix ἀσ- (as-), an intensive form of a- (a-), and σπάω (spaō), meaning 'to draw' or 'to pull.' The middle voice suggests an action done to oneself or for oneself, hence 'to draw to oneself' in a welcoming or embracing manner.
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G4862
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: soon
Translations: with, together with, along with
Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tes
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of a group or quantity, often referring to 'all' members of a set or 'every' single item. It can also mean 'whole' when referring to a single entity.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: HOLOS
G0040
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: AH-gee-oy
Translations: holy, saints, holy ones
Notes: This word describes something or someone as holy, sacred, or set apart for God. When used as an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its sacred quality. When used as a substantive (functioning as a noun), it refers to 'saints' or 'holy people', those who are consecrated to God.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ
G3122
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MA-lis-TA
Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'
Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ
Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with
Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.
G2541
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KAI-sar-os
Translations: of Caesar
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Caesar'. It refers to the Roman emperor, or more generally, the imperial authority. In the New Testament, it often refers to the reigning emperor, such as Augustus or Tiberius, or the office itself.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Latin 'Caesar', originally a Roman family name, which became a title for the Roman emperors after Julius Caesar. The name's ultimate origin is uncertain, possibly from 'caesaries' (hair) or 'caesus' (cut).
G3614
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-kee-AS
Translations: (of) house, (of) home, (of) household, (of) family
Notes: This word refers to a house, a dwelling place, or a home. It can also extend to mean a household or a family, encompassing the people living within the house. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, similar to 'of a house' or 'belonging to a household'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'dwelling'. It refers to a physical dwelling or a family unit.
G5485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHA-rees
Translations: grace, a grace, favor, a favor, kindness, a kindness, thanks, gratitude, charm, a charm, delight, a delight
Notes: This word is a feminine noun that generally refers to grace, favor, or kindness. It can also mean thanks or gratitude, especially in expressions like 'to give thanks'. In some contexts, it can refer to charm or delight. It is often used to describe divine favor or unmerited divine assistance given to humans.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ, ΕΛΕΟΣ, ΔΩΡΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- ('to desire, to like'). In ancient Greek, it developed to mean 'that which delights' or 'favor'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: koo-REE-oo
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΥ (Kyriou), which is the genitive form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It means 'of the Lord' or 'of Lord' and is commonly used to refer to God or Jesus in ancient Greek texts. It indicates possession or origin related to the Lord.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΥ
G5547
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: khree-STOO
Translations: (of) Christ
Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ (Christou), the genitive form of ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ (Christos). It refers to Jesus Christ, specifically indicating possession or origin, such as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It is commonly used in phrases like 'the grace of Christ' or 'the Spirit of Christ'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: Unknown
Translations: unknown
Notes: This word, "ΠΝΣ", is not a recognized word in Koine Greek. It is highly likely a misspelling, a transcription error, or an abbreviation. Without diacritics, it's impossible to determine if it's an abbreviation of a known word like πνεῦμα (pneuma, meaning 'spirit' or 'wind') or another word entirely. It could also be a garbled or badly misspelled text from an ancient manuscript.
Inflection: Unknown
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: pan-TOH
Translations: altogether, entirely, by all means, in every way
Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. As an adverb, 'παντῶ' means 'altogether' or 'entirely', indicating completeness or totality in an action or state. It can also mean 'by all means' or 'in every way', emphasizing a comprehensive manner.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΛΩΣ, ΠΑΝΤΕΛΩΣ
Etymology: The word 'πᾶς' (pas), from which 'παντῶ' is derived, comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'all' or 'every'.
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