2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G3874

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-KLEE-sis

Translations: comfort, a comfort, encouragement, an encouragement, exhortation, an exhortation, consolation, a consolation, appeal, an appeal

Notes: This word refers to the act of calling someone alongside, often for the purpose of providing comfort, encouragement, or instruction. It can also mean an appeal or a plea. It is a compound word derived from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. Depending on the context, it can signify a variety of supportive actions, from offering solace to urging someone to action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΙΑ, ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. It literally means 'a calling alongside'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G3889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-MY-thee-on

Translations: comfort, consolation, encouragement, a comfort, a consolation, an encouragement

Notes: This word refers to comfort, consolation, or encouragement. It is used to describe something that provides relief or solace, especially in times of distress or sorrow. It can be used in a sentence to indicate that something serves as a source of comfort.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΛΗΣΙΣ, ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word is derived from the verb παραμυθέομαι (paramytheomai), meaning 'to encourage, comfort, console'. It is formed from παρά (para), meaning 'beside, alongside', and μυθέομαι (mytheomai), meaning 'to speak, to say'. Thus, it literally means 'speaking alongside' or 'speaking to comfort'.

G2842

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koy-noh-nee-AH

Translations: fellowship, a fellowship, communion, a communion, participation, a participation, sharing, a sharing, contribution, a contribution, partnership, a partnership

Notes: This word refers to a close association involving mutual interests, sharing, and participation. It can describe a spiritual bond, a joint venture, or a contribution made to a common cause. It is often used in the context of Christian fellowship or sharing in the divine nature.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΟΧΗ, ΣΥΜΜΕΤΟΧΗ, ΣΥΝΟΜΙΛΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word κοινός (koinos), meaning 'common' or 'shared'. It refers to the state of having something in common or sharing in something.

G4698

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SPLANGKH-nah

Translations: bowels, intestines, affections, compassion, pity

Notes: This word refers literally to the inner organs, such as the intestines or viscera. Metaphorically, it signifies the seat of emotions and deep feelings, particularly compassion, pity, or tender affections. It is often used to describe a profound emotional response or empathy towards others.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΟΙ, ΕΛΕΟΣ

Etymology: The word originates from an ancient Greek root referring to the inner parts of the body. It developed to also signify the seat of emotions and feelings.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Part of Speech: Article

Sounds like: TAYN

Translations: the

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΗΝ (TĒN), which is the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As an article, it always precedes the noun it modifies and agrees with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used with feminine singular nouns in the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from a demonstrative pronoun in Proto-Indo-European. It evolved to function as a definite article, specifying nouns.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EKH-on-tes

Translations: having, holding, possessing, keeping, holding fast, being in a state of, being able to, being, having power

Notes: This word is the present active participle, masculine nominative/vocative plural, or feminine nominative/vocative/accusative plural of the verb 'echo'. It describes someone or something that is in the process of having, holding, or possessing something. It can also indicate a state of being or an ability.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative/Vocative Masculine Plural, or Nominative/Vocative/Accusative Feminine Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G5426

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: phro-NOO-tes

Translations: thinking, understanding, having a mindset, being minded, setting one's mind on, considering, being intent on

Notes: This word describes the act of thinking, understanding, or having a particular mindset. It often implies a deep consideration or a fixed disposition of the mind towards something. It can refer to intellectual activity, moral disposition, or practical wisdom, indicating how one's thoughts are directed or what one's attitude is.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΝΟΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΔΙΑΝΟΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΕΣ

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G2052

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-ri-THEE-an

Translations: rivalry, selfish ambition, contention, a rivalry, selfish ambition, a contention

Notes: This word refers to a self-seeking or factious spirit, often characterized by rivalry or contention. It describes a desire to put oneself forward, regardless of the consequences for others, and is typically used in a negative sense to denote a divisive attitude.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΗΛΟΣ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΔΙΧΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'eritheia' is derived from 'erithos', meaning 'a hired laborer'. It originally referred to the practice of canvassing for office by unworthy means, and later evolved to mean self-seeking or selfish ambition, often involving factionalism.

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G2756

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: keh-no-dox-EE-an

Translations: vainglory, empty glory, conceit, a vainglory

Notes: This word refers to empty or baseless glory, conceit, or a desire for recognition that is not founded on true merit. It describes a state of mind where one seeks praise or admiration for superficial reasons, often leading to pride or arrogance. It is a compound word formed from 'κενός' (kenos), meaning 'empty' or 'vain,' and 'δόξα' (doxa), meaning 'glory' or 'opinion.' In a sentence, it would describe the quality or act of being vain or conceited.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΙΑ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΙΑ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G5012

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tah-pee-noh-froh-SOO-nay

Translations: humility, lowliness of mind, modesty, a low estimate of one's own moral worth, a humble spirit

Notes: This is a compound noun formed from 'ταπεινός' (tapeinos), meaning 'lowly' or 'humble', and 'φρήν' (phren), meaning 'mind' or 'understanding'. It refers to the quality of having a humble spirit or a modest estimate of one's own importance. It describes a state of mind that is free from arrogance and pride, often associated with a proper understanding of one's place before God or others. It is used to describe a virtue in Christian ethics.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΟΤΗΣ, ΕΠΙΕΙΚΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: 'ταπεινός' (tapeinos), meaning 'lowly, humble', and 'φρήν' (phren), meaning 'mind, understanding'. It literally means 'low-mindedness' but in a virtuous sense, referring to a humble disposition.

G2233

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: hee-goo-MEH-noy

Translations: leaders, a leader, rulers, a ruler, chiefs, a chief, governors, a governor, those who lead, those who rule

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'hegeomai', meaning 'to lead' or 'to rule'. When used as a noun, it refers to those who are in a position of leadership, authority, or governance. It can describe political rulers, religious leaders, or anyone who guides or directs others.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present Middle/Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΕΣΤΩΤΕΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΙ

G5242

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: hoo-per-E-khon-tas

Translations: excelling, surpassing, preeminent, superior, a superior, those who excel, those who are superior

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'hyperechō', meaning 'to excel' or 'to be superior'. It describes someone or something that is outstanding, preeminent, or holds a position of authority or superiority over others. It can be used to refer to people in positions of power or those who are distinguished in some way.

Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΕΧΟΝΤΑΣ, ΠΡΩΤΕΥΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΞΑΙΡΕΤΟΥΣ

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: SKO-poo-tes

Translations: unknown, possibly a misspelling

Notes: The word "ΣΚΟΠΟΥΤΕΣ" does not appear to be a standard or recognized form in Koine Greek. It is highly likely a misspelling or a garbled form of another word. Given its similarity to "ΣΚΟΠΟΣ" (skopos, meaning 'goal', 'mark', 'watchman') or forms of the verb "ΣΚΟΠΕΩ" (skopeo, meaning 'to look at', 'to observe'), it might be an attempt to write a plural form or a participle. However, the ending "-ΟΥΤΕΣ" is not grammatically correct for either. It's not clear what this word means in its current form.

Inflection: Unknown, likely a misspelling

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EH-teh-ROHN

Translations: of others, of other things, of different ones

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'heteros', meaning 'other' or 'another'. It often implies a difference in kind or quality, distinguishing it from 'allos' which means 'another of the same kind'. It is used to refer to things or people that are distinct or different from those previously mentioned or understood.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΩΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the Latin word 'alter' (other, another).

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAS-toy

Translations: each, every, each one, every one, each of them

Notes: This word refers to individuals within a group, emphasizing the distinctness of each member. It is used to indicate that something applies to every single person or thing in a collection, rather than to the group as a whole. For example, it can be used to say 'each one did something' or 'every person received something'.

Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Etymology: From a compound of the prefix 'ek' (out of) and 'kastos' (each). It emphasizes the idea of singling out 'each' from a group.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G5426

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: phro-NEH-ee-teh

Translations: think, understand, have a mindset, be minded, set one's mind on, be intent on, consider, be prudent, be wise

Notes: This word describes the act of thinking, understanding, or having a particular mindset or disposition. It can refer to the way one thinks about something, their attitude, or their focus. It is often used to convey the idea of being prudent or wise in one's thoughts and actions. It can also mean to be intent on or devoted to something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΝΟΕΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G3444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mor-FEE

Translations: form, shape, appearance, nature, a form, a shape

Notes: This word refers to the external appearance or outward form of something, but it can also denote its essential nature or character. It describes the visible shape or figure, as well as the inherent quality or essence that gives something its distinct identity. It is typically used to describe the physical manifestation of a person or object, or the true character that underlies an appearance.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΧΗΜΑ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΟΨΙΣ

Etymology: The etymology of ΜΟΡΦΗ is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin or derived from a root meaning 'to cut' or 'to divide', referring to the distinct shape or form of something.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

G5225

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PAR-khoh

Translations: to be, to exist, to be in existence, to be present, to be available, to possess, to have, to belong to

Notes: This verb means 'to be' or 'to exist', often emphasizing a state of being or a pre-existing condition. It can also mean 'to be present' or 'to be available'. In some contexts, it can convey the sense of 'to possess' or 'to have', particularly when referring to one's property or status. It describes a continuous or inherent state rather than a temporary action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΧΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, "under") and ἄρχω (árkhō, "to begin, to rule"). The combination suggests 'to begin under' or 'to be under a beginning', evolving into the sense of 'to exist' or 'to be present from the beginning'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH

Translations: no, not, never, by no means

Notes: This word is a negative adverb used to express absolute negation. It is typically used before a vowel with a rough breathing mark (like 'ουχί' or 'οὐχ') or before a consonant with a smooth breathing mark (like 'οὐκ'). It denies a statement or fact, indicating that something is not true or does not exist. It can be used to negate verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂u- meaning 'not'. It is an ancient Greek negative particle.

G0725

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: har-PAG-mon

Translations: something to be grasped, a thing to be seized, a prize, a plunder, a gain

Notes: This word refers to something that is seized, grasped, or taken by force. It can denote a thing that is considered a prize or something to be exploited for gain. In some contexts, it implies something to be held onto tightly or considered as a valuable possession.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΦΥΡΟΝ, ΣΚΥΛΟΝ, ΚΕΡΔΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΡΠΑΓΜΟΣ is derived from the verb ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize, snatch, or carry off by force'. It refers to the act or result of such an action.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-nah-ee

Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to occur

Notes: This is the infinitive form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It signifies existence, occurrence, or a state of being. It is often used with other verbs to form periphrastic constructions or to express purpose or result. For example, it can mean 'to be' in the sense of 'he wants to be good' or 'it is about to happen'.

Inflection: Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΓΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- 'to be'. It is cognate with English 'is' and Latin 'esse'.

G2470

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: EE-sah

Translations: equal, equally, alike, the same, a level, a plain

Notes: This word, 'ISA', is an inflected form of the adjective 'ISOS' (equal) or the adverb 'ISOS' (equally). As an adjective, it typically means 'equal' or 'the same' and can describe things that are alike in measure, quality, or status. As an adverb, it means 'equally' or 'alike', indicating that actions are performed in an equal manner or that things are treated the same. It can also refer to a level or plain surface when used as a noun.

Inflection: Neuter Plural Nominative or Accusative (Adjective); Adverbial Form (Adverb)

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΙΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ

G2758

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KEH-noh-sen

Translations: he emptied, she emptied, it emptied, he made empty, she made empty, it made empty, he poured out, she poured out, it poured out

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ΚΕΝΟΩ', meaning to empty, to make void, or to pour out. It can be used literally, such as emptying a container, or figuratively, as in making oneself of no reputation or humbling oneself. In this form, it describes an action completed in the past by a singular subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΧΕΩ, ΕΞΕΚΕΝΩΣΕΝ

Etymology: The word 'ΚΕΝΟΩ' derives from the adjective 'ΚΕΝΟΣ' (KENOS), meaning 'empty' or 'vain'. It signifies the act of making something empty or void.

G3444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mor-FEE

Translations: form, a form, shape, a shape, appearance, an appearance, nature, a nature

Notes: This word, ΜΟΡΦΗ, is presented as a scribal abbreviation, indicated by the overline on the final letter. The full word is ΜΟΡΦΗ. It refers to the outward form, shape, or appearance of something, but can also denote its essential nature or character. It describes the specific configuration or structure that gives something its identity. For example, it can describe the physical shape of a person or object, or the inherent nature of a being.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: From an assumed base of the verb 'merphō' meaning 'to fashion'.

G1401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-loo

Translations: of a slave, of a servant, of a bondservant

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'δούλος' (doulos), meaning 'slave' or 'servant'. It refers to someone who is in a state of servitude, whether by compulsion or by choice, often implying complete devotion or submission to a master or to God. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, so it translates as 'of a slave' or 'of a servant'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΤΗΣ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ, ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

G2147

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: yoo-re-THAYS

Translations: found, having been found, being found, a found one

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to find'. It describes something or someone that has been discovered or located. It is used to indicate a state of having been found, often implying a result or condition. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'the book, having been found, was returned to its owner'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΡΕΘΕΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΗΦΘΕΙΣ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AHN-throh-pohs

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person, mankind, humanity

Notes: This word refers to a human being, a person, or mankind in general. It is a common noun used to denote any individual of the human species, regardless of gender, though it is often translated as 'man' in a generic sense. It can be used to distinguish humans from God or from animals.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΤΙΣ

Etymology: The word "ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ" is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek term for a human being. Some theories suggest it may be related to words meaning "upward-looking" or "earth-faced."

G5013

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-tah-PIH-noh-sen

Translations: he humbled, he brought low, he abased, he humiliated

Notes: This word describes the act of humbling or bringing someone or something low. It can refer to a literal lowering in status or position, or a metaphorical humbling of pride or spirit. It is often used in a moral or spiritual sense, indicating a reduction in one's perceived importance or an act of submission.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΦΡΟΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΤΑΠΙΝΟΩ (tapinoō) derives from the adjective ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΣ (tapeinos), meaning 'lowly', 'humble', or 'abased'. It signifies the act of making something or someone low or humble.

G5218

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoo-pee-KO-os

Translations: obedient, submissive, compliant

Notes: This word describes someone who is obedient, submissive, or compliant. It is often used to describe someone who listens to and follows instructions or authority. It is a compound word formed from 'hypo' (under) and 'akouo' (to hear), literally meaning 'hearing under' or 'listening attentively to authority'.

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΙΚΟΣ, ΕΥΠΕΙΘΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'subordinate to', and the verb 'ἀκούω' (akouo), meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. The combination implies hearing or listening in a subordinate or compliant manner.

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4716

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: stow-ROO

Translations: (of) a cross, (of) the cross, (of) a stake, (of) the stake

Notes: This word refers to an upright stake, pole, or a cross, often used for crucifixion. In the New Testament, it primarily denotes the instrument of Jesus' crucifixion, symbolizing his death and the Christian faith. It can also refer to the act of crucifixion itself or metaphorically to the suffering and self-denial required of a follower of Christ.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΞΥΛΟΝ, ΠΑΣΣΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. The noun refers to something that stands upright, hence a stake or pole.

G1352

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: DEE-oh

Translations: therefore, wherefore, for this reason, on account of which

Notes: This is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'. It is used to introduce a consequence or conclusion, indicating that what follows is a result of what has just been stated. It functions similarly to 'therefore' or 'for this reason' in English.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G5251

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-per-yp-SO-sen

Translations: exalted, highly exalted, lifted up, raised up

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'hyper' (meaning over, above, beyond) and the verb 'hypsoo' (meaning to lift up, exalt). It means to exalt someone or something to the highest degree, to lift them up far above others, or to raise them to a preeminent position. It is often used in a theological context to describe God's act of exalting Christ.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΥΨΟΩ, ΑΝΥΨΟΩ, ΕΠΑΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word ὑπερυψόω (hyperypsóō) is a compound of ὑπέρ (hyper), meaning 'over, above, beyond', and ὑψόω (hypsóō), meaning 'to lift up, exalt'. The verb ὑψόω itself comes from ὕψος (hypsos), meaning 'height'.

G5483

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ekh-ah-REE-sah-toh

Translations: he granted, he freely gave, he forgave, he showed favor, he bestowed, he pardoned

Notes: This word is the aorist middle/passive indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'χαρίζομαι' (charizomai). It means 'he/she/it granted', 'freely gave', 'forgave', or 'showed favor'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point, and often implies a gracious or benevolent act. In the middle voice, it emphasizes the subject's involvement in the action, while in the passive voice, it indicates the subject received the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle or Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΔΩΡΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'χαρίζομαι' (charizomai) is derived from 'χάρις' (charis), meaning 'grace' or 'favor'. It signifies an action done out of grace or kindness.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority, title

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or authority, as a name often represents the essence of a person or entity. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'name'. It is cognate with Latin 'nomen' and English 'name'.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole

Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.

G2032

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ep-oo-ra-NEE-ohn

Translations: of heavenly things, of heavenly beings, of those in heaven

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'heavenly' or 'celestial'. When used as a noun, as it is here, it refers to 'heavenly things' or 'heavenly beings'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and 'οὐρανός' (ouranos), meaning 'heaven'. It describes anything pertaining to or located in the heavens.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΡΑΝΙΟΣ, ΟΥΡΑΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΟΥΡΑΝΙΟΣ is a compound of the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'on' or 'upon', and the noun οὐρανός (ouranos), meaning 'heaven' or 'sky'. It describes something that is 'upon heaven' or 'in heaven'.

G1942

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-i-GAY-ohn

Translations: earthly, on earth, terrestrial, things on earth, of things on earth

Notes: This word describes something that pertains to the earth, is located on the earth, or is characteristic of earthly existence. It is often used in contrast to heavenly or subterranean things, indicating a focus on the physical or temporal realm.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΗΙΝΟΣ, ΚΟΣΜΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the preposition ΕΠΙ (upon, on) and ΓΗ (earth). It literally means 'upon the earth' or 'of the earth'.

G2709

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kah-takh-tho-NEE-ohn

Translations: of those under the earth, of subterranean beings, of the underworld

Notes: This is a compound adjective meaning 'under the earth' or 'subterranean'. It refers to things or beings that are located beneath the surface of the earth, often implying the underworld or the realm of the dead. It is used to describe inhabitants or elements of this lower region.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΓΕΙΟΣ, ΚΑΤΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'under', and χθών (chthōn), meaning 'earth' or 'ground'.

G1100

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GLOHS-sah

Translations: tongue, a tongue, language, a language, speech, a speech

Notes: This word refers to the physical organ in the mouth, the tongue. It can also refer to a language spoken by a group of people, or more generally, to speech itself. It is used in contexts ranging from literal descriptions of the body to metaphorical uses concerning communication and different languages.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΕΚΤΟΣ, ΦΩΝΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *glōgh- (pointed object, tongue). It is related to words for 'tongue' in other Indo-European languages.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-os

Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.

G5547

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: khree-STOS

Translations: Christ, the Anointed One, the Messiah

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ (CHRISTOS). It refers to Christ, the Anointed One, or the Messiah. It is primarily used as a title for Jesus, indicating his role as the divinely appointed deliverer.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb χρίω (chrio), meaning 'to anoint'. It refers to someone who has been consecrated or set apart by anointing, a practice common in ancient Israel for kings, priests, and prophets.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, for, against, at, near, by, into, unto

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, indicating direction, relationship, or purpose. Its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward'; with the genitive, it can mean 'for' or 'in the presence of'; and with the dative, it can mean 'at' or 'near'. The provided form 'ΠΡΣ' is a common abbreviation or a scribal shorthand for 'ΠΡΟΣ' (PROS), which is the full word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition), but governs different cases (Accusative, Genitive, Dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΝ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΣ' (PROS) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs indicating proximity or direction.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G3952

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: par-oo-SEE-ah

Translations: presence, a presence, coming, arrival, a coming, a arrival, advent

Notes: This word refers to the state of being present, an arrival, or a coming. It can describe the physical presence of a person or thing, or the arrival of an event or a significant period of time. In some contexts, particularly in theological discussions, it can refer to the 'advent' or 'second coming' of Christ.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΦΑΝΕΙΑ, ΕΛΕΥΣΙΣ, ΑΦΙΞΙΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, formed from the preposition παρά (para, 'beside, near') and the feminine participle οὖσα (ousa) of the verb εἰμί (eimi, 'to be'), literally meaning 'being beside' or 'being near'.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G3568, G3571

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: NOO

Translations: now, then, therefore, indeed, night, a night

Notes: This word, without diacritics, can represent two distinct Koine Greek words. It can be the adverb 'νῦν' (nyn), meaning 'now,' 'then,' 'therefore,' or 'indeed,' often used to emphasize a point or indicate a present or immediate state. It can also be the noun 'νύξ' (nyx), meaning 'night,' referring to the period of darkness between sunset and sunrise. The specific meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Adverb (does not inflect); Noun (Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine)

Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ, ΕΣΠΕΡΑ

Etymology: ΝΥΝ (nyn) comes from Proto-Indo-European. ΝΥΞ (nyx) comes from Proto-Indo-European.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: pol-LOH

Translations: much, many, great, a great deal, by much, by a great deal, greatly, often, frequently

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, it describes a large quantity or number. For example, it could mean 'many people' or 'much water'. When used adverbially, it means 'by much' or 'greatly', indicating a significant degree or frequency, such as 'much more' or 'often'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter; or Adverbial Dative

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G0666

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-poo-SEE-ah

Translations: absence, an absence

Notes: This word refers to the state of being away or not present. It is used to describe a situation where someone or something is not in a particular place at a particular time. For example, it could be used to speak of a person's absence from a meeting or a student's absence from class.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΗΜΙΑ

Etymology: From the prefix ΑΠΟ- (APO-, 'away from') and the root of ΕΙΜΙ (EIMI, 'to be'), meaning 'to be away'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G2716

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-ter-GAH-zes-theh

Translations: work out, accomplish, perform, produce, achieve, bring about, effect

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'κατά' (down, thoroughly) and 'ἐργάζομαι' (to work). It means to work out something thoroughly, to accomplish a task, to produce a result, or to bring something about. It often implies a complete or effective action.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From 'κατά' (down, thoroughly) and 'ἐργάζομαι' (to work, from 'ἔργον' meaning 'work'). It signifies working something out to completion or with full effort.

G1754

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: en-er-GOHN

Translations: working, operating, performing, bringing about, effective, active, a worker, an operator

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ἐνεργέω' (energeō), meaning 'to work, operate, or be effective'. As a participle, it functions like both a verb and an adjective, describing someone or something that is actively working, operating, or bringing about an effect. It can be translated as 'working', 'operating', or 'one who works/operates'. It often describes divine or spiritual power in action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΩΝ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩΝ, ΔΡΩΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2107

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-doh-KEE-as

Translations: of good pleasure, of goodwill, of favor, of delight, of desire, of purpose

Notes: This word refers to a state of being well-pleased, having good will, or experiencing delight. It often implies a favorable disposition or a deliberate purpose. In a sentence, it would typically indicate the source or object of someone's favor or intention, often translated with 'of' or 'from'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΑΡΙΤΟΣ, ΘΕΛΗΜΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek εὐδοκία (eudokía, “good will, satisfaction”), from εὐδοκέω (eudokéō, “to be well pleased”), from εὖ (eu, “well”) + δοκέω (dokéō, “to seem, to think, to expect”).

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-ee-teh

Translations: do, make, perform, create, you do, you make

Notes: This word is a common verb meaning to do, make, or perform an action. It can be used in various contexts to describe the act of bringing something into existence, carrying out a task, or behaving in a certain way. It is a versatile verb that can take on different nuances depending on the context.

Inflection: Present Active Indicative, 2nd Person Plural; Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word is derived from an ancient root meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It is related to other Greek words concerning action and creation.

G1112

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: gong-goos-MOHN

Translations: of grumbling, of murmuring, of complaining

Notes: This word refers to a low, continuous sound, often expressing discontent, dissatisfaction, or complaint. It describes the act of grumbling or murmuring, typically done in a low voice. It is used to denote a private or collective expression of displeasure.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΟΡΜΥΡΙΣΜΟΣ, ΔΙΑΓΟΓΓΥΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ΓΟΓΓΥΣΜΟΣ" is derived from the verb "γογγύζω" (gongyzō), meaning "to grumble" or "to murmur." It is an onomatopoeic word, meaning its sound suggests its sense.

G0175

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-KAI-ree-oy

Translations: harmless, innocent, guileless, simple, without guile, without evil, without malice

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is harmless, innocent, or without guile. It implies a lack of malicious intent or evil. It is often used to characterize a gentle and unsuspecting nature.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΜΕΜΠΤΟΣ, ΑΜΩΜΟΣ, ΑΚΑΚΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the negative prefix 'A' (meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'ΚΑΙΡΟΣ' (KAIROS), which means 'time' or 'opportune moment'. The combination suggests 'not timely' or 'out of season', but in a moral sense, it evolved to mean 'harmless' or 'innocent', perhaps implying a lack of worldly cunning or opportune malice.

G299

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-moh-mah

Translations: blameless, without blemish, faultless, unblemished

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being without fault, defect, or blemish, often in a moral or sacrificial sense. It implies a state of purity or perfection, making it suitable for offerings or as a characteristic of righteous individuals.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΜΕΜΠΤΟΣ, ΑΚΑΚΟΣ, ΚΑΘΑΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἄμωμος (amōmos) is derived from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-) meaning 'without' and μῶμος (mōmos) meaning 'blemish' or 'blame'. Thus, it literally means 'without blame' or 'without blemish'.

G1074

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ge-ne-AS

Translations: of a generation, of generations, a generation, generations, of a race, of races, a race, races, of a family, of families, a family, families, of a kind, of kinds, a kind, kinds

Notes: This word refers to a generation of people, a race, a family, or a kind/species. It can also denote the time span of a generation. In the provided examples, it is used in the phrase "generations of generations" (ΓΕΝΕΑΣ ΓΕΝΕΩΝ), emphasizing a very long or eternal duration.

Inflection: Singular Genitive or Plural Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning "to come into being" or "to be born."

G1294

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-ess-trah-MMEH-nays

Translations: perverted, crooked, twisted, distorted, corrupt, of a perverted (generation)

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'διαστρέφω' (diastrephō), meaning 'to twist thoroughly, distort, pervert'. As an adjective, it describes something that has been turned aside from the right path, morally corrupt, or physically distorted. It is often used to describe a generation or people who are morally depraved or rebellious against God's will.

Inflection: Perfect Passive Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΛΙΟΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G5458

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FOH-steer-es

Translations: lights, luminaries, light-bearers

Notes: This word refers to sources of light, such as celestial bodies like the sun, moon, or stars. Metaphorically, it can also refer to individuals who shine forth with truth, righteousness, or divine revelation, acting as a guiding light to others. It is used to describe both literal and figurative sources of illumination.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΩΣ, ΛΥΧΝΟΣ, ΑΣΤΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΦΩΣΤΗΡ (phōstēr) comes from the Greek word φῶς (phōs), meaning 'light'. It refers to something that gives light or illuminates.

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOH-smoh

Translations: to the world, for the world, to an adornment, for an adornment, to an order, for an order

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'κόσμος' (kosmos). It refers to an orderly arrangement, an adornment, or the world itself, often implying the created universe or humanity. In its dative form, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the world, order, or adornment, depending on the context. It can also be used to indicate location or instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'κόσμος' (kosmos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to order, to adorn'. It originally referred to order or arrangement, particularly in military or governmental contexts, and later came to mean 'adornment' or 'decoration'. From there, it evolved to describe the ordered universe, and by extension, the world.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-go

Translations: word, a word, speech, a speech, account, an account, reason, a reason, message, a message, saying, a saying

Notes: This is a fundamental Koine Greek noun with a broad range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, a divine utterance, a report, an account, or even the underlying reason or principle behind something. In philosophical and theological contexts, it can refer to divine reason or the Word of God. It is used in various contexts to convey communication, thought, or a logical concept.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter (stem form)

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΦΩΝΗ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather', which developed into meanings related to speaking and reasoning in Greek.

G2078

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ep-EKH-on-tes

Translations: holding forth, holding fast, paying attention, attending, applying, holding back, restraining, delaying, waiting

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'epecho'. It means to hold something forth, to offer, or to present. It can also mean to hold fast to something, to pay attention to, or to apply oneself to. In other contexts, it can mean to hold back, restrain, or delay. The specific meaning often depends on the context and the object it takes.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΑΝΤΕΧΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ΕΠΙ (EPI), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΕΧΩ (ECHO), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. The compound verb thus signifies holding onto something or holding something out.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G2756

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KEH-non

Translations: empty, a void, vain, in vain, to no purpose, useless, a useless thing

Notes: This word describes something that is empty, void, or without content. It can refer to a physical space that is vacant, or it can be used metaphorically to describe something that is useless, ineffective, or done to no purpose. When used with a preposition like 'εἰς' (eis), it often translates to 'in vain' or 'to no purpose', indicating an action that yields no positive result.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΑΝΩΦΕΛΗΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain primary word. It refers to something that is empty or void.

G3761

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OO-deh

Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not

Notes: This word is a compound conjunction or adverb meaning 'and not', 'neither', 'nor', or 'not even'. It is used to connect two negative clauses or to emphasize a negation. It often appears in lists to negate multiple items, similar to how 'neither...nor' is used in English. It can also simply mean 'not' when emphasizing a point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΕ, ΜΗΔΕ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and the conjunction ΔΕ (de, 'but, and').

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, however, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a contrast, an exception, or an emphasis. It often translates to 'but' or 'yet' when contrasting two ideas, or 'rather' when correcting a previous statement. It can also be used to add emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is an indeclinable particle.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G4689

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: SPEN-doh-my

Translations: I am poured out, I am offered as a drink offering, I am sacrificed, I am devoted, I am given up

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'to pour out'. In its active form, it means to pour out a libation or drink offering, often in a religious context. In the middle or passive voice, as seen here, it means 'to be poured out' or 'to be offered as a drink offering'. Metaphorically, it can refer to one's life being poured out as a sacrifice or being completely devoted and given up for a cause.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΘΥΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΟΜΑΙ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G2378

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thoo-SEE-ah

Translations: sacrifice, an offering, a sacrifice, an offering

Notes: This word refers to a sacrifice or an offering, typically something presented to a deity as an act of worship, atonement, or thanksgiving. It often involved the killing of an animal or the presentation of other valuable items. It is used in contexts describing religious rituals and offerings made to God or gods.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΟΡΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ

Etymology: From θύω (thýō, "to sacrifice"). It refers to the act or result of sacrificing.

G3009

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lee-toor-GHEE-ah

Translations: ministry, service, public service, liturgy, worship, a ministry, a service

Notes: This word refers to a public service or a ministry, often with a religious connotation. In ancient Greek, it originally denoted a public work or duty performed by a wealthy citizen for the state, such as funding a chorus or building a ship. In the New Testament and early Christian contexts, it evolved to mean a sacred service, ministry, or act of worship, particularly in a religious or ecclesiastical sense. It is a compound word formed from 'λαός' (LAOS, people) and 'ἔργον' (ERGON, work), literally meaning 'work of the people' or 'public work'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΙΑ, ΛΑΤΡΕΙΑ, ΕΡΓΟΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek words 'λαός' (laos), meaning 'people', and 'ἔργον' (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. It originally referred to a public service or duty performed by a citizen for the state, evolving to denote religious or sacred service in later periods.

G5463

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHAH-ee-roh

Translations: rejoice, be glad, be well, hail, farewell

Notes: This verb means to rejoice, be glad, or be well. It is often used as a greeting, similar to "hail" or "greetings," and can also be used as a farewell, meaning "farewell" or "goodbye." It expresses a state of joy or well-being.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular; also functions as an imperative (rejoice!, hail!)

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From a primary verb, probably from the root of χάρις (charis, "grace"), meaning to be cheerful, to be in a state of grace or favor.

G4796

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-KHAH-ee-roh

Translations: rejoice with, congratulate

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'σύν' (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and 'χαίρω' (chairō, meaning 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'). It means to rejoice together with someone, or to congratulate them. It is used to express shared joy or to offer congratulations.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΗΔΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From the prefix 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'χαίρω' (chairō), meaning 'to rejoice'. The word 'χαίρω' itself comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to be glad' or 'to be cheerful'.

G5210

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: hoo-MEES

Translations: you, to you, for you, by you, with you

Notes: This word is a second-person plural pronoun. Without diacritics, it most commonly represents either the nominative form 'ὑμεῖς' (you) or the dative form 'ὑμῖν' (to/for/by/with you). Its specific meaning in a sentence depends on the grammatical case it represents, which is often determined by context or the presence of prepositions. It refers to a group of people being addressed.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Dative

Etymology: The word 'ὑμεῖς' (hymeis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *yuH- (you). It is the plural form of the second-person pronoun.

G4796

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soong-KHAH-ee-reh-teh

Translations: rejoice with, congratulate, share joy with

Notes: This verb means to rejoice with someone, to congratulate them, or to share in their joy. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'χαίρω' (chairō), meaning 'to rejoice' or 'be glad'. Thus, it literally means 'to rejoice together with'. It is used to express shared happiness or to offer congratulations.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΗΔΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'συγχαίρω' (sygchairō) is a compound of 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'χαίρω' (chairō), meaning 'to rejoice' or 'be glad'. The root 'χαίρω' is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be glad' or 'to desire'.

G1679

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: el-PEE-zoh

Translations: hope, expect, trust, believe

Notes: This verb means to hope, to expect, or to trust in something or someone. It implies a confident expectation or a strong belief in a future event or outcome. It can be used to express a general sense of hope or a specific expectation regarding a particular situation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to anticipate' or 'to look forward to'. It is related to the noun 'ελπίς' (elpis), meaning 'hope'.

G2115

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-PSY-khoh

Translations: to be of good courage, to be cheerful, to be encouraged, to be of good heart

Notes: This verb means to be of good courage, to be cheerful, or to be encouraged. It describes a state of having a good spirit or a brave heart. It is often used to express a desire for someone to be heartened or to feel confident and hopeful.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΕΥΘΥΜΕΩ

Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good,' and ψυχή (psychē), meaning 'soul,' 'spirit,' or 'life.' Thus, it literally means 'to have a good soul/spirit.'

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-khoh

Translations: have, hold, possess, keep, be able, be in a certain condition

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It can also mean 'to possess', 'to keep', or 'to be in a certain state or condition'. It is used in a wide variety of contexts to indicate possession, capability, or a state of being.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to Latin 'habeo' (to have) and English 'have'.

G3748

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: HOS-tis

Translations: whoever, whatever, whichever, anyone who, anything which, everyone who, everything which

Notes: This is a compound relative pronoun, formed from the relative pronoun ὅς (who, which) and the indefinite pronoun τις (anyone, someone). It is used to introduce a relative clause and conveys a sense of indefiniteness or generality, meaning 'whoever' or 'whatever'. It can refer to persons or things and is used when the antecedent is not specific or is unknown.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΣ, ΟΣΠΕΡ

G1104

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: gnee-SEE-ohs

Translations: genuinely, truly, sincerely, faithfully, legitimately, really

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'genuine' or 'legitimate'. It describes an action or state as being authentic, sincere, faithful, or true to its nature. It indicates that something is done without pretense or deceit, but with integrity and honesty. For example, one might 'genuinely love' someone or 'faithfully serve' a cause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ, ΑΚΡΙΒΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ (gnēsios), from which ΓΝΗΣΙΩΣ is derived, comes from the Greek root γένος (genos), meaning 'race, stock, family, kind'. It implies being 'of the same stock' or 'true to one's kind', leading to the meaning of genuine or legitimate.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G5043

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEK-noh

Translations: child, a child, offspring, descendant

Notes: ΤΕΚΝΟ is the nominative/accusative singular form of the neuter noun meaning 'child' or 'offspring'. It refers to a person's direct descendant, whether male or female, and can be used literally for a biological child or figuratively for a spiritual child or follower. It is often used in the plural to refer to 'children' in general.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΥΙΟΣ, ΘΥΓΑΤΗΡ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From the root of ΤΙΚΤΩ (TIKTO), meaning 'to beget' or 'to bring forth'. It refers to that which is born or produced.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G1398

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOO-lev-sen

Translations: he served, he was a slave, he enslaved, he labored, he was in bondage

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb ΔΟΥΛΕΥΩ (douleuo). It means 'he served' or 'he was a slave/bondservant'. It describes an action completed in the past, emphasizing the act of serving, being in subjection, or laboring for someone or something. It can imply a state of servitude or devotion.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣΕΝ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΣΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΔΟΥΛΕΥΩ (douleuo) is derived from ΔΟΥΛΟΣ (doulos), meaning 'slave' or 'bondservant'. It signifies the act of being a slave or performing the duties of a slave.

G2098

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-ang-GEL-ee-on

Translations: gospel, good news, a gospel, a good news

Notes: This word is a compound noun meaning 'good news' or 'gospel'. It refers to a message of good tidings, particularly in the New Testament, the message of salvation through Jesus Christ. It is often used to refer to the Christian message itself or one of the four books that tell the story of Jesus' life and teachings.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΓΜΑ, ΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΟΝ is a compound of two Greek words: εὖ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ἀγγελία (angelia), meaning 'message' or 'announcement'. Thus, it literally means 'good message' or 'good announcement'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G0872

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-FEE-doh

Translations: to look away from, to look intently at, to fix one's eyes on, to consider, to observe, to behold

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'αφοραω' (aphorao), meaning to look away from one thing in order to fix one's gaze upon another, or to consider something intently. It implies a focused attention or observation. The form 'ΑΦΙΔΩ' is a variant spelling or aorist subjunctive form of 'αφοραω'.

Inflection: First Aorist Active Subjunctive, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: DEL-tah (as in the letter Delta), or possibly the beginning of a word like 'deh' or 'dee-AH'

Translations: unknown, possibly 'and', 'but', 'then', 'through', 'two', 'give', 'you will give', 'they will give'

Notes: This word fragment 'Δ?' is highly likely to be a corrupted or illegible character from an ancient manuscript. The question mark indicates an uncertain or missing letter. In Koine Greek, words starting with 'Δ' are very common and include conjunctions like 'δέ' (de, meaning 'and', 'but', 'then'), prepositions like 'διά' (dia, meaning 'through', 'because of'), numerals like 'δύο' (duo, meaning 'two'), and various forms of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi, meaning 'to give'). Without the complete word, its exact meaning and grammatical function cannot be determined. It could be a typo or a placeholder for a missing character in the original text.

Inflection: Unknown

Etymology: Cannot be determined due to the unknown nature of the word fragment.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G0316

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-nang-KAI-on

Translations: necessary, essential, important, fitting, a necessary thing, what is necessary

Notes: This word describes something that is necessary, essential, or unavoidable. It is used to indicate that something is required or fitting in a particular situation. It can refer to a person, thing, or action that is indispensable.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΧΡΕΙΑ, ΔΕΟΝ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek word ἀνάγκη (anankē), meaning 'necessity' or 'compulsion'. It describes something that is compelled or unavoidable.

G2233

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-GAY-sah-meen

Translations: I considered, I thought, I esteemed, I regarded, I led

Notes: This is a verb in the aorist tense, middle voice, first person singular. It means 'I considered' or 'I thought' in the sense of forming an opinion or making a judgment. It can also mean 'I led' or 'I guided' in a past context, indicating a past action of leadership or direction.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΚΡΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ comes from the Greek root ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead'. It developed to signify leading in a broader sense, including leading one's thoughts or opinions.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FON

Translations: brother, a brother, fellow man, a fellow man

Notes: This word refers to a male sibling, a brother. It can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow human being, a countryman, or a member of the same community or faith. It is a masculine noun and is used here in the singular accusative case, typically functioning as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and 'δελφύς' (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G4900

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: soon-er-GOH

Translations: fellow worker, fellow laborer, co-worker, helper, an assistant, a co-worker

Notes: This word is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἔργον' (work). It refers to someone who works alongside another, a partner in labor or effort. It can be used as a noun to denote a 'fellow worker' or as an adjective meaning 'working together' or 'cooperative'. It implies collaboration and shared effort towards a common goal.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter; or Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter; or Singular, Vocative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΑΤΗΣ, ΒΟΗΘΟΣ

G4965

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soos-trah-tee-OH-teen

Translations: fellow soldier, a fellow soldier, comrade in arms, a comrade in arms

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΣΥΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΗΝ. It is a compound word formed from 'συν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and 'στρατιώτης' (stratiotes), meaning 'soldier.' Therefore, it refers to someone who is a soldier alongside another, a comrade in military service. It is used to describe a companion in warfare or a fellow combatant.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ΣΥΝΔΟΥΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΗΣ is derived from the prefix 'συν-' (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and 'στρατιώτης' (stratiotes), meaning 'soldier.' The term 'στρατιώτης' itself comes from 'στρατός' (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encampment.'

G3011

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lee-toor-GON

Translations: minister, a minister, servant, a servant, public servant, a public servant, public worker, a public worker

Notes: This word refers to a public servant or minister, someone who performs a service for the community or for God. It implies a person engaged in a public or sacred duty, often in an official capacity. In the New Testament, it is frequently used to describe those who serve in a religious or spiritual capacity, such as apostles or deacons, or even Christ himself as a minister of the sanctuary.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ, ΔΟΥΛΟΣ

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-peh-DEE

Translations: since, because, forasmuch as, inasmuch as

Notes: This word is a causal conjunction used to introduce a reason or cause for something. It functions similarly to 'because' or 'since' in English, explaining why a particular action or state is true. It often appears at the beginning of a clause that provides the justification for the preceding statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ΕΠΙ (epi, 'upon, to') and the conjunction ΕΙΔΗ (eide, 'already, now'), which is related to the verb ΟΙΔΑ (oida, 'to know'). It literally means 'upon knowing' or 'since it is known', evolving into a general causal conjunction.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DEIN

Translations: to see, to perceive, to know, to behold, to look

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It describes the action of seeing or perceiving something, often with the implication of understanding or experiencing it. It can be used in various contexts to express visual perception, mental apprehension, or even the act of experiencing an event.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΙΔΩ (eido) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is a very common and fundamental verb in Koine Greek, with various forms and derivatives used throughout the New Testament and other ancient texts.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-day-mo-NOHN

Translations: being distressed, being troubled, being in anguish, being greatly troubled, being in great distress

Notes: This word describes a state of great distress, anguish, or deep trouble. It implies a feeling of being overwhelmed by anxiety or sorrow, often to the point of being distraught or disquieted. It is used to convey a strong emotional reaction to difficult circumstances, indicating a profound sense of unease or mental suffering.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΛΥΠΕΟΜΑΙ, ΘΛΙΒΟΜΑΙ

G0770

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ays-the-NEH-sen

Translations: he was weak, he became weak, he was sick, he became sick, he was ill, he became ill

Notes: This word describes a state of weakness, sickness, or illness. It is used to indicate that someone became weak or fell ill. It is a past tense form, indicating an action that occurred at a specific point in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΩΣ, ΝΟΣΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀσθενέω (astheneō) is derived from the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and σθένος (sthenos), meaning 'strength' or 'vigor'. Thus, it literally means 'to be without strength' or 'to be weak'.

G1653

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LEH-eh-sen

Translations: he had mercy, he showed mercy, he pitied, he had compassion

Notes: This word describes the act of showing mercy, pity, or compassion towards someone. It implies a feeling of deep sympathy for another's suffering, often leading to an act of kindness or relief. It is used to express God's mercy towards humanity or a person's compassion towards others.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The root word ΕΛΕΕΩ (eleeō) is derived from ἔλεος (eleos), meaning 'mercy' or 'pity'. It signifies an active demonstration of compassion.

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: MO-no

Translations: only, alone, single, a single, merely

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'only' or 'alone', describing a singular entity or state. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. For example, it can describe someone who is by themselves, or an action that is done exclusively in one way.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular (adjective); Does not inflect (adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΣ, ΕΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *mon- (alone, single).

G3077

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LY-peen

Translations: sorrow, grief, pain, distress, a sorrow, a grief, a pain, a distress

Notes: This word refers to a feeling of deep distress, sadness, or pain, whether emotional or sometimes physical. It is used to describe sorrow, grief, or affliction, often indicating a state of emotional suffering. It can be used in contexts describing the experience of profound sadness or the cause of such sadness.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΔΥΝΗ, ΠΕΝΘΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to be sick, to suffer'.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ay-DON-tes

Translations: having seen, when they saw, who saw, they saw

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'οραω' (horao), meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. It often conveys the sense of 'having seen' or 'when they saw' something, indicating a completed action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

G0000

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-ly-PO-teh-ros

Translations: freer from grief, less sorrowful, more free from pain

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective, meaning 'freer from grief' or 'less sorrowful'. It describes a state of being less afflicted by sorrow or pain compared to something else. It is formed from the adjective 'ΑΛΥΠΟΣ' (alypos), meaning 'without grief' or 'free from pain', with the comparative suffix '-τερος'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΥΠΟΣ, ΑΛΥΠΩΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΛΥΠΟΣ' (alypos) is a compound word formed from the privative alpha 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'λύπη' (lype), meaning 'grief', 'sorrow', or 'pain'. Thus, 'alypos' means 'without grief' or 'free from pain'. The suffix '-τερος' is added to form the comparative degree.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G4327

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-DEK-sas-thai

Translations: to receive, to accept, to welcome, to await, to expect

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and the verb 'δέχομαι' (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept.' As such, it means to receive or accept something, often with an implication of welcoming or awaiting it. It can also mean to expect or look forward to something. It is used to describe the act of taking something in, either literally or figuratively, or anticipating its arrival.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G5108

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toy-OO-tooss

Translations: such, such a kind, such as these, such people

Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to refer to persons or things that have been previously mentioned or are implied by the context. It describes the quality or nature of something, indicating that it is of the type or character just described or understood.

Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (this) and the correlative particle 'τοῖος' (such).

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2041

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ER-gon

Translations: work, deed, act, task, labor, a work, a deed

Notes: This word refers to a work, deed, or action. It can encompass a wide range of activities, from physical labor and tasks to moral actions, accomplishments, or even the effects or results of an action. It is often used to describe something that is done or produced.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΚΑΤΕΡΓΟΝ

Etymology: From a primary (supposed) verb ERGO (to work); compare English 'erg' and 'energy'.

G1448

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ENG-ghee-sen

Translations: he approached, it approached, he drew near, it drew near, he came near, it came near

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'εγγίζω' (engizo), meaning 'to draw near' or 'to approach'. It describes an action that happened in the past, indicating that someone or something came close to another person or object. It is often used to describe physical proximity or the imminence of an event.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G3851

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-bo-LEH-oo-sa-MEH-nos

Translations: having risked, having exposed oneself to danger, having gambled, having hazarded

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from παρά (para, 'alongside, beside') and βολή (bolē, 'a throwing, a cast'). It means to expose oneself to danger, to risk, or to hazard one's life. It implies putting something on the line, often with a sense of daring or recklessness, for a particular purpose or outcome. It is used to describe someone who has put their life or well-being at risk.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΣΑΣ, ΤΟΛΜΗΣΑΣ

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE

Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.

G0378