Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint / Ezra (Alpha) / Chapter 3Ezra (Alpha), Chapter 3
Interlinear version from Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint (Beta)
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS
Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign
Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.
G1486
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: da-REH-yos
Translations: Darius
Notes: Darius refers to a specific individual, namely Darius I, also known as Darius the Great, who was a king of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. He is frequently mentioned in historical and biblical texts.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Persian through Hebrew, ultimately from Old Persian 'Dārayavauš', meaning 'he who holds firm the good'.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-POY-ee-sen
Translations: he made, he did, she made, she did, it made, it did
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It describes an action completed in the past. It can be used in a wide range of contexts, from creating something (like God making the sea) to performing an action (like someone doing something for themselves).
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G1393
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dokh-AYN
Translations: feast, banquet, reception, a feast, a banquet, a reception
Notes: This word refers to a reception, a feast, or a banquet. It is typically used to describe a large gathering for a meal, often with celebratory or formal connotations. It can be used in sentences like 'They prepared a great feast' or 'He held a reception for his friends.'
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΜΠΟΣΙΟΝ, ΕΥΩΧΙΑ, ΔΕΙΠΝΟΝ
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: meh-GAH-len
Translations: great, large, mighty, a great, a large, a mighty
Notes: This word describes something as being great in size, importance, or intensity. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of greatness. For example, it can refer to a large city, a significant event, or a powerful emotion.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sin
Translations: to all, for all, with all, by all, in all
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness, often modifying a noun to show that something applies to every member of a group or every part of a whole. In this dative plural form, it typically translates as 'to all', 'for all', 'with all', or 'in all', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: HOOP
Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of
Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G3614
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-ko-GEH-neh-sin
Translations: household, family, members of a household
Notes: This word refers to those who are born in a house or belong to a household, encompassing the entire family or all the members of a household. It is a compound word derived from 'οἶκος' (house) and 'γένος' (race, family).
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G3176
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: meh-GISS-tah-sin
Translations: (to) great ones, (to) nobles, (to) magnates, (to) chief men
Notes: This word refers to the greatest or most important people, often used to denote nobles, magnates, or chief men in a kingdom or society. It is derived from the superlative form of the adjective 'great'. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' these individuals.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΙ, ΠΡΩΤΟΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G3370
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: may-DEH-ee-as
Translations: of Media
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Media, an ancient country in Asia, located in the northwestern part of present-day Iran. It was a significant region in ancient history, known for its powerful empire and its role in various biblical narratives. The word is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'the Media's' or 'of Media'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From an ancient Persian word, referring to the land of the Medes. It is the name of a historical region in the northwestern part of modern-day Iran.
G4067
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: per-SEE-doss
Translations: of Persia
Notes: This word refers to the country of Persia. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Persia' or 'belonging to Persia'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G4523
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sah-TRAH-pais
Translations: to satraps, satraps
Notes: A satrap was a governor of a province in the ancient Median and Achaemenid (Persian) Empires, and later in some Hellenistic empires. They held significant power, often acting as viceroys, collecting taxes, administering justice, and maintaining order in their territories. The word is of Persian origin.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΑΡΧΩΝ
G4755
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: strah-TAY-goys
Translations: (to) generals, (to) commanders, (to) magistrates, (to) rulers
Notes: This word refers to military commanders or generals, but it can also denote civil magistrates or officials, especially in a Roman context. It describes someone who holds a position of authority and leadership, often with military or administrative responsibilities.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ
G5115
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: toh-PAR-khais
Translations: to the toparchs, for the toparchs, toparchs
Notes: This word refers to a governor of a toparchy, which was a small district or region. It is used to describe an official who holds authority over a specific geographical area, often under a higher-ranking ruler. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate that something is given to or concerns these regional governors.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΟΣΙΝ, ΑΡΧΟΥΣΙΝ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G2464
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: in-DI-kees
Translations: (of) India
Notes: This word refers to India, a large country in South Asia. In ancient Greek texts, it typically denotes the region of India, often used in geographical descriptions or when referring to people or things originating from that land. As a proper noun, it is used to specify the origin or location of something, for example, 'from India' or 'the king of India'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From Greek Ἰνδική (Indikē), referring to the land of the Indus River, ultimately derived from Persian and Sanskrit.
G3360
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEKH-ree
Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during
Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ
Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.
G0001
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ahee-thee-oh-PEE-as
Translations: of Ethiopia
Notes: This word refers to the country of Ethiopia, an ancient land located in Northeast Africa. In Koine Greek texts, it is often used to denote the geographical region or its inhabitants.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The name "Αἰθιοπία" (Aithiopia) is derived from the Greek words "αἴθω" (aithō, meaning 'I burn') and "ὄψ" (ops, meaning 'face'). It literally means 'land of burnt faces' or 'land of those with burnt faces', referring to the dark complexion of its inhabitants.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G1540
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: heh-KAH-ton
Translations: hundred, a hundred
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'one hundred'. It is used to indicate a quantity of one hundred units of something. For example, it can be used to describe a hundred people, a hundred years, or a hundred items.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin 'centum' and English 'hundred'.
G1501
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: EYE-koh-see
Translations: twenty
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'twenty'. It is used to indicate a quantity of twenty units and is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change based on gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *wikm̥ti, meaning 'twenty'. It is related to Latin viginti and Sanskrit viṃśati.
G2033
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: EP-tah
Translations: seven
Notes: This word means 'seven' and is used to denote the number 7. It is an indeclinable numeral, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number in a sentence. It functions like an adjective, modifying nouns to indicate a quantity of seven.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'seven'. It is cognate with similar words for 'seven' in many other Indo-European languages.
G4586
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sah-trah-PEH-aiss
Translations: satrapy, a satrapy, province, a province
Notes: This word refers to a satrapy, which was an administrative division or province in the ancient Persian Empire, governed by a satrap. It is used to describe a region or territory under the control of a governor.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΑΡΧΙΑ, ΧΩΡΑ, ΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word is derived from the Persian 'xšaθrapāvan' (protector of the realm), which was Hellenized into 'satrap'. The Greek word 'satrapeia' then refers to the territory governed by a satrap.
G2068
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-PHA-go-san
Translations: they ate
Notes: This word means 'they ate' and is the third person plural aorist indicative active form of the verb 'to eat'. It describes an action of eating that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used in sentences like 'They ate the bread' or 'They ate and drank'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ, ΤΡΩΓΩ
Etymology: The root verb ΕΣΘΙΩ (esthiō) comes from an older Greek form ἔδω (edō), which is related to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to eat'.
G4095
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-PI-oh-san
Translations: they drank, they did drink, they have drunk
Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'πίνω' (pinō), meaning 'to drink'. It describes an action of drinking that occurred in the past and is completed. It would be used in a sentence to state that a group of people 'drank' something.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peh₃- (to drink).
G1705
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: em-PLEES-then-tes
Translations: having been filled, having been satisfied, filled, satisfied
Notes: This word is a passive participle of the verb meaning 'to fill' or 'to satisfy'. It describes a state of being completely filled or satisfied, often in the context of food or drink, but can also refer to being filled with a quality or emotion. It indicates that the subject has undergone the action of being filled.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΩΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΚΟΡΕΣΘΕΝΤΕΣ
G0360
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-NEH-loo-san
Translations: they departed, they returned, they went back, they dissolved, they broke up, they loosened
Notes: This word describes the action of departing, returning, or breaking up. It can refer to a physical departure from a place, a return to a previous state, or the dissolution of something. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to people departing or returning after an event.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἈΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ἘΠΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G0360
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-NEH-loo-sen
Translations: he departed, he returned, he went up, he dissolved, he loosed
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb λύω (lyō), meaning 'to loose' or 'to release'. Therefore, it can mean 'to unloose', 'to dissolve', 'to depart', or 'to return'. In the provided contexts, it primarily signifies 'to depart' or 'to return'. It describes the action of someone leaving a place or going back to a previous location.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ἈΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ὙΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ
Etymology: The word ἀναλύω is derived from the preposition ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb λύω (lýō), meaning 'to loose', 'to release', or 'to untie'. The combination suggests an action of unloosing or releasing oneself, leading to meanings like departing or returning.
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2845
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: koy-TOH-nah
Translations: bedroom, a bedroom, chamber, a chamber
Notes: This word refers to a sleeping chamber or bedroom. It is typically used to denote a private room where one rests or sleeps. In the provided examples, it is used with the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into', indicating movement towards or into a bedroom.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΩΜΑΤΙΟΝ, ΘΑΛΑΜΟΣ
G2837
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-koy-MAY-thay
Translations: he slept, he fell asleep, he died, he was laid to rest
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to sleep' or 'to fall asleep'. In a figurative sense, especially in the New Testament, it is often used as a euphemism for 'to die' or 'to be laid to rest', implying a peaceful passing or a temporary state before resurrection. It is used to describe someone who has passed away.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝῌΣΚΩ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ
G1853
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eks-OOP-nos
Translations: awake, woken up, alert
Notes: This word describes someone who is awake, roused from sleep, or alert. It is used to indicate a state of wakefulness, often after having been asleep.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΓΡΗΓΟΡΩΣ, ΑΓΡΥΠΝΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound word formed from the prefix 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of', and 'ὕπνος' (hypnos), meaning 'sleep'. Thus, it literally means 'out of sleep'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh
Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G5119
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: TOH-teh
Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G5140
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: TREES
Translations: three
Notes: ΤΡΕΙΣ is the cardinal number 'three'. It is used to denote a quantity of three units. As a declinable numeral, its form changes according to the gender and case of the noun it modifies. This specific form, ΤΡΕΙΣ, is used for masculine and feminine nouns in the nominative and accusative plural cases.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'three'.
G3495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: neh-ah-NIS-koy
Translations: young men, youths
Notes: This word refers to young men or youths, typically those who are in the prime of their youth, often implying a sense of strength or vigor. It is used to describe a group of young males.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΕΟΙ, ΕΦΗΒΟΙ
G4989, G5441
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soh-MAH-toh-foo-LAH-kes
Translations: bodyguards, guards, attendants
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'σῶμα' (soma), meaning 'body', and 'φύλαξ' (phylax), meaning 'guard' or 'keeper'. Therefore, 'σωματοφύλακες' refers to those who guard or protect the body, typically in the sense of personal guards or bodyguards for a king or important person. It is used to describe a group of individuals serving in this protective capacity.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΟΡΥΦΟΡΟΙ, ΦΡΟΥΡΟΙ
G5442
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: foo-LAS-son-tes
Translations: keeping, guarding, observing, watching, preserving, a keeper, a guard
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'keeping' or 'guarding'. It describes an ongoing action of protecting, watching over, or adhering to something. It can be used to describe someone who is actively engaged in the act of guarding or observing, or someone who is preserving a custom or law. It often functions adjectivally, describing the subject performing the action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G4983
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SOH-mah
Translations: body, a body, flesh, a slave
Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a human or animal, or a physical object. It can also metaphorically refer to a group of people or a community, or even to the substance of something. In some contexts, it can refer to a slave or servant, as a 'body' belonging to another.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΧΡΩΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain. It is possibly derived from the verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve', implying something that is kept or preserved.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ohs
Translations: (of) a king, (of) king
Notes: This word refers to a monarch or sovereign ruler. It is used to denote the leader of a kingdom or nation. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to a king' or 'from a king'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-pahn
Translations: they said, they spoke
Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'εἶπον' (eîpon), which functions as the aorist tense for 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that a group of people 'said' or 'spoke' something. It is used to report direct speech or to state what was communicated by multiple individuals.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ, ΕΦΑΣΑΝ
G2087
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EH-teh-ross
Translations: other, another, different, a different
Notes: This word means 'other' or 'another', specifically implying a qualitative difference or a different kind, as opposed to 'allos' which means 'another of the same kind'. It is used to distinguish one thing from another that is distinct in nature or type. For example, 'a different man' or 'another kind of thing'.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This word inflects for gender, number, and case.
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'different'. It is related to Latin 'alter' and English 'other'.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G2087
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EH-teh-ron
Translations: another, other, different, a different thing, an other thing
Notes: This word means 'another' or 'other', emphasizing a difference in kind or quality from something else. It is used to refer to something distinct or different from what has been previously mentioned or implied. For example, it might be used to say 'another person' or 'a different kind of thing'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΤΕΡΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'one of two' or 'the other'. It is related to the English word 'other'.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-POH-men
Translations: let us say, we may say, we should say, we might say
Notes: This is a form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used here in the first person plural aorist subjunctive, which often expresses a hortatory sense (an exhortation or suggestion), meaning 'let us say' or 'we should say'. It can also express possibility or potentiality, meaning 'we may say' or 'we might say'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G1538
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Part of Speech: Pronominal Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: EK-as-tos
Translations: each, every, every one, everyone
Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every' and refers to individual members within a group, emphasizing their distinctness. It is used to single out every single person or thing from a larger collection. For example, 'each person' or 'every house'.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Etymology: From an unknown origin, possibly related to ἕκας (hekas, 'far off').
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G1520
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: EH-nah
Translations: one, a, an, a certain
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the numeral 'one'. It can be used as a numeral to indicate a single unit, or as an indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'an'. It can also function as an indefinite pronoun, meaning 'a certain one' or 'someone'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to other words meaning 'one' in various Indo-European languages.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gon
Translations: word, a word, message, a message, account, an account, reason, a reason, saying, a saying
Notes: This word refers to a word, message, statement, or account. It can also denote reason, speech, or a divine utterance. In a sentence, it often functions as the direct object, indicating what is being spoken, heard, or discussed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΜΥΘΟΣ
G3739
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction
Sounds like: HOS
Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when
Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.
G5248
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-per-is-KHOO-seh
Translations: will prevail, will overcome, will be stronger, will be superior
Notes: This word means to be exceedingly strong, to prevail, or to overcome. It implies a superior strength or power that enables one to conquer or gain victory over another. It is used to describe someone or something that will be victorious in a struggle or competition.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future Active Indicative
Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ὑπέρ (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'above', and ἰσχύω (ischyō), meaning 'to be strong' or 'to have power'. Thus, it literally means 'to be strong over' or 'to have power over'.
G3756, G3757
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when
Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AHN
Translations: if, ever, might, would, should
Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.
G5316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fah-NAY
Translations: light, a light, torch, a torch, lamp, a lamp
Notes: This word refers to a light, a torch, or a lamp. It is used to describe a source of illumination. For example, it could refer to the light of a star, a lamp used in a house, or a torch carried by someone.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΩΣ, ΛΥΧΝΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb φαίνω (phainō), meaning 'to shine' or 'to appear'. It denotes that which shines or makes something visible.
G4487
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: RHE-ma
Translations: word, a word, saying, a saying, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, utterance, an utterance
Notes: This word refers to something spoken, an utterance, a saying, or a word. It can also refer to a matter or a thing that is spoken about or decided. It is often used in contexts referring to divine pronouncements or significant statements.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb ῥέω (rheō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to flow'. It refers to that which is spoken or uttered.
G4680
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: so-FO-teh-ron
Translations: wiser, more wise, more intelligent, more skillful
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'wiser' or 'more wise'. It describes something that possesses a greater degree of wisdom, intelligence, or skill compared to something else. It is often used to compare two things or to indicate a superior quality of wisdom.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Comparative
Synonyms: ΦΡΟΝΙΜΩΤΕΡΟΝ, ΣΥΝΕΤΩΤΕΡΟΝ
G2087
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-TEH-roo
Translations: (of) another, (of) other, (of) a different one
Notes: This word means 'another' or 'other', often implying a difference in kind or quality, distinguishing it from something else. It is used to refer to a second or different entity from one already mentioned or implied. For example, 'the other man' or 'a different way'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DOH-see
Translations: will give, will grant, will bestow
Notes: This word means 'will give' or 'will grant'. It is used to describe an action of providing or delivering something in the future. For example, one might say 'he will give a gift' or 'God will grant peace'.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G1431
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: doh-reh-AS
Translations: gift, a gift, present, a present, bounty, a bounty, donation, a donation
Notes: This word refers to a gift, present, or donation. It signifies something freely given or bestowed, often as an act of generosity or favor. It can be used in contexts where someone receives a benefit or a grant.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΧΑΡΙΣ, ΔΟΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word δωρεά (dōrea) comes from δῶρον (dōron), meaning 'gift'. It is related to the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), 'to give'.
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: meh-GAH-las
Translations: great, large, mighty, important, loud
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'great' or 'large'. It is used to describe the size, importance, or intensity of something. For example, it can refer to a great city, a loud voice, or significant sins. This particular form is an inflection of the root word ΜΕΓΑΣ.
Inflection: Feminine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΣ
G2018
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-pi-NI-ki-ah
Translations: triumphal celebrations, victory feasts, victory sacrifices
Notes: This word refers to celebrations or sacrifices made in honor of a victory. It is a compound word derived from 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and 'νίκη' (victory). It describes events or offerings that mark a successful triumph, often involving feasting or religious rites.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΝΙΚΗ, ΘΡΙΑΜΒΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΝΙΚΙΟΝ is derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the noun νίκη (nikē), meaning 'victory'. It refers to something done 'upon' or 'for' a victory.
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEG-ah-lah
Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great thing, great things
Notes: This word describes something as great in size, importance, or intensity. It can refer to physical largeness, but also to significant or mighty deeds, or things of high value and importance. It is often used to emphasize the magnitude of something.
Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΕΙΟΣ
G4209
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: por-FY-ran
Translations: purple, a purple garment, purple dye
Notes: This word refers to the color purple, or more commonly, a purple garment or cloth, often associated with royalty, wealth, or high status due to the expense of the dye. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G4016
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-bah-LEH-sthai
Translations: to put on, to clothe oneself, to cast around, to surround, to encompass
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to put on' or 'to clothe oneself with' something, often referring to garments. It can also mean 'to cast around' or 'to surround' something or someone. It is used reflexively, indicating that the action is performed by the subject upon themselves.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΝΩ, ΑΜΦΙΕΝΝΥΜΙ
Etymology: From the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. Thus, literally 'to throw around'.
G5554
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khroo-SOH-mah-sin
Translations: gold, golden ornament, golden vessel, golden object, golden thing, golden work, golden plating
Notes: This word refers to something made of gold, a golden object, or golden plating. It is often used in the context of valuable items or decorations. In a sentence, it would describe an object's material or its golden appearance.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΧΡΥΣΙΟΝ, ΧΡΥΣΟΣ
G4095
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PI-neen
Translations: to drink, drinking
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to drink'. It describes the action of consuming a liquid. It can be used in sentences where the act of drinking is the subject or object, or as a complement to another verb, similar to how 'to drink' is used in English.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Etymology: The word comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drink'.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G5553
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khry-SOH
Translations: gold, a gold, (to) gold, (with) gold, (in) gold
Notes: This word refers to gold, the precious metal. It is often used to describe objects made of gold or to indicate the presence of gold. In the provided examples, it appears in the dative case, often with prepositions like 'ἐν' (in/with) or 'τῷ' (to/for/with), indicating the material or the means.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Etymology: The word 'χρυσός' (chrysos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the concept of 'yellow' or 'golden' color.
G2518
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kath-EV-deen
Translations: to sleep, to be asleep
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'καθεύδω', meaning 'to sleep' or 'to be asleep'. It is used to express the action of sleeping without specifying a subject or tense, often functioning as a complement to another verb or as the subject of a sentence.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΚΟΙΜΑΩ, ΥΠΝΟΩ
G0716
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AR-ma
Translations: chariot, a chariot, war-chariot
Notes: This word refers to a chariot, typically a two-wheeled vehicle drawn by horses, used for warfare, racing, or ceremonial purposes. It is often associated with military power and transport in ancient times.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From an unknown root. It is related to the verb ἁρμόζω (harmozo), meaning 'to fit together' or 'to join', suggesting the construction of the vehicle.
G5557, G5469
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: khroo-so-KHA-lee-non
Translations: gold-bridled, having a golden bridle
Notes: This is a compound adjective formed from 'χρυσός' (gold) and 'χαλινός' (bridle). It describes something that has a bridle made of gold or adorned with gold. It is typically used to describe horses or chariots.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
G2776
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kee-DAH-rin
Translations: turban, a turban, headdress, a headdress, mitre, a mitre
Notes: This word refers to a turban or a headdress, often specifically a priestly mitre worn by high priests. It is typically made of linen and is a significant part of ceremonial attire, symbolizing authority or sacred office. It is used as a direct object in a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΙΤΡΑ, ΤΙΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word is of Semitic origin, likely from Persian or Hebrew, referring to a type of head covering.
G1040
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: BYS-see-nane
Translations: fine linen, of fine linen
Notes: This word describes something made of fine linen, often referring to a garment or fabric. It is used to indicate the material quality of an item, suggesting it is made from a high-quality, expensive fabric.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: From βύσσος (byssos), meaning 'fine linen'.
G3139
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mah-nee-ah-KEEN
Translations: necklace, collar, chain, a necklace, a collar, a chain
Notes: This word refers to a necklace, collar, or chain, often made of gold or other precious materials, worn around the neck as an ornament or a symbol of status. It is typically used in contexts describing adornment or reward.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΛΟΙΟΣ, ΟΡΜΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek μανιάκης (maniákēs), which referred to a neck-chain or collar, especially one worn by barbarians. It is related to the Persian word 'maniya' meaning 'necklace' or 'collar'.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G5137
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TRA-khee-LON
Translations: neck, a neck
Notes: This word refers to the neck, the part of the body connecting the head to the torso. It can be used literally to describe the physical neck, but it is also frequently used metaphorically in expressions related to submission, burden, or stubbornness, such as 'to put a yoke on the neck' or 'to stiffen the neck'.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine
G1208
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: DEH-oo-teh-ros
Translations: second, a second
Notes: This word means 'second' in terms of order, rank, or time. It is used to indicate the item or person that follows the first in a sequence. As an adjective, it modifies nouns and agrees with them in gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This adjective inflects for gender (masculine, feminine, neuter), number (singular, plural), and case (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative).
Etymology: From an unused root meaning 'to follow'. It is related to the concept of 'two' but specifically denotes the ordinal position.
G2523
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ka-thee-EH-tai
Translations: he will sit, he will be seated, he will be established, he will be appointed
Notes: This is a verb indicating an action of sitting down, being seated, or being established in a position or role. It can refer to someone taking a seat, or being appointed to an office or authority. In the provided examples, it suggests taking a position of authority or being established in a role, such as ruling on a throne or being a priest.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future Indicative, Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ
G1152
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: da-REH-yoo
Translations: of Darius
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Darius, a common name for several kings of Persia mentioned in the Old Testament. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to Darius' or 'from Darius'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name Darius is derived from Old Persian Dārayavauš, meaning 'he who holds firm the good' or 'he who upholds the good'. It was a royal name used by several Achaemenid kings of Persia.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G4678
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: so-fee-AN
Translations: wisdom, a wisdom
Notes: This word refers to wisdom, skill, or knowledge. It is often used in a broad sense to denote practical insight, intellectual understanding, or divine wisdom. It functions as a direct object in a sentence when in the accusative case.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΗ
G4773
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: syng-geh-NES
Translations: related, kindred, kinsman, kinswoman, a kinsman, a kinswoman
Notes: This word describes someone who is related by birth or family, a kinsman or kinswoman. It can be used as an adjective to describe someone as 'related' or as a noun referring to a 'relative' or 'kinsman'. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'γένος' (genos), meaning 'race, family, or kin'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΙΚΟΣ, ΟΙΚΕΙΟΣ, ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the noun ΓΕΝΟΣ (genos), meaning 'race, family, or kin'. It refers to those who share a common origin or family line.
G2564
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: klee-THEE-seh-tai
Translations: will be called, shall be called
Notes: This word means 'will be called' or 'shall be called'. It describes an action that will happen in the future, where someone or something is designated or named by others. It is used when the subject of the verb is receiving the action of being called, rather than performing the action of calling.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ
G1125
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: grap-SAN-tes
Translations: having written, writing, after writing, when they had written, those who wrote
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to write'. It describes an action of writing that has been completed or is ongoing, often indicating the subject who performed the action. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb, and can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'having written' or 'those who wrote'.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΩ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO
Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.
Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').
G4972
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-fra-GHEE-san-toh
Translations: they sealed, they set a seal, they put a seal
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to seal' or 'to set a seal upon'. It implies the act of marking something with a seal, often for authentication, security, or ownership. It can be used in contexts where documents are sealed, tombs are sealed, or people are marked with a divine seal.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΗΜΑΙΝΩ, ΕΠΙΣΦΡΑΓΙΖΩ
G5087
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-THEH-kan
Translations: they placed, they put, they laid, they set
Notes: This is a verb in the past tense, specifically the third-person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ. It describes a completed action in the past where a group of people (they) placed, put, laid, or set something. For example, 'they placed their hands' or 'they put it under the pillow'.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G4344
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-ke-PHA-lah-ee-on
Translations: pillow, a pillow, cushion, a cushion
Notes: This word refers to a pillow or cushion, something placed under the head for support, especially when sleeping. It is a compound word formed from 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and 'κεφαλή' (kephalē), meaning 'head.' It is used to describe an object that is for or near the head.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ, ΠΡΟΣΚΛΙΝΤΡΟΝ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of 'πρός' (pros, 'to, towards') and 'κεφαλή' (kephalē, 'head'), with the suffix '-αιον' (-aion) indicating a place or thing related to the head.
G3752
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-tan
Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that
Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).
G1453
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GER-thay
Translations: he was raised, he was awakened, he was stirred up, he was aroused
Notes: This is a verb indicating an action of being raised, awakened, or stirred up. It is often used in the context of rising from sleep, rising from the dead, or being aroused to action. It describes something being caused to rise or appear.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-SOO-sin
Translations: they will give, they shall give
Notes: This word means 'they will give' or 'they shall give'. It is the third person plural future active indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), which means 'to give'. It indicates an action that will happen in the future, performed by a group of people or things.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G1121
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GRAM-mah
Translations: letter, a letter, writing, a writing, document, a document, scripture, a scripture
Notes: This word refers to a written character, a letter of the alphabet, or a piece of writing. It can also denote a written document, a legal record, or even sacred scriptures. It is used to refer to the literal written form of something, as opposed to its spirit or meaning.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΗ, ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΗ
Etymology: The word ΓΡΑΜΜΑ comes from the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It refers to something that has been written.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON
Translations: being, existing, a being, that which is
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being' or 'existing'. It describes something that is in a state of being or existence. As a neuter singular form, it often refers to 'that which is' or 'a being', and can function as a noun.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ
G2924
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KREE-nay
Translations: fountain, a fountain, spring, a spring, well, a well
Notes: This word refers to a fountain, spring, or well, indicating a source of water. It is used to describe a natural or artificial place where water emerges from the ground or is collected.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΗΓΗ, ΦΡΕΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΚΡΙΝΗ (krinē) is derived from the verb κρίνω (krinō), meaning 'to separate, distinguish, judge'. The connection likely comes from the idea of water 'separating' or 'distinguishing' itself from the ground.
G3175
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: meh-gih-STA-nes
Translations: nobles, princes, great men, chief men, magnates
Notes: This word refers to high-ranking officials, nobles, or powerful individuals, often those in positions of authority or influence. It is used to describe prominent or leading figures in a society or government.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΑΙ, ΠΡΩΤΟΙ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-goss
Translations: word, a word, reason, a reason, account, an account, speech, a speech, message, a message, report, a report, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, saying, a saying, discourse, a discourse
Notes: The word 'logos' is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a wide range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, or a command. Beyond simple communication, it also encompasses concepts like reason, logic, an account, a narrative, or even a divine utterance or principle. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say, speak'. It refers to something said or thought, and its meaning evolved to encompass both speech and the underlying reason or thought.
G4680
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: so-fo-TEH-ros
Translations: wiser, more wise
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'σοφός' (sophos), meaning 'wise'. It indicates a greater degree of wisdom, translating to 'wiser' or 'more wise'. It is used to compare the wisdom of one person or thing to another.
Inflection: Comparative, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΦΡΟΝΙΜΩΤΕΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΤΩΤΕΡΟΣ
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-thee-SEH-tai
Translations: it will be given, it shall be given
Notes: This word means 'it will be given' or 'it shall be given'. It is a future passive form of the verb 'to give'. It indicates that something will be received by someone, rather than actively given by the subject.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G3528
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NEE-kos
Translations: victory, a victory, conquest
Notes: This word refers to a victory or conquest, often implying a decisive triumph over an opponent. It can be used in various contexts, from military success to overcoming challenges or adversaries in a more general sense.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΝΙΚΗ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΘΡΙΑΜΒΟΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the verb νικάω (nikaō, 'to conquer').
G2531
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: KAH-thohss
Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').
G1125
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ge-GRAHP-tai
Translations: it is written, it has been written
Notes: This word is a perfect passive verb, meaning 'it has been written' or 'it stands written'. It is frequently used in the New Testament and other ancient Greek texts to refer to scripture or established records, indicating that something is recorded and remains true or valid. It often introduces a quotation from a sacred text.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΑΙ, ΓΕΓΡΑΦΘΑΙ
G1519, G1520
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one
Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'
Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).
G1125
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EG-rap-sen
Translations: he wrote, she wrote, it wrote
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to write'. In this form, it indicates a completed action in the past, performed by a single person or thing (he, she, or it). It is used to describe the act of putting words or symbols on a surface, such as paper or a tablet.
Inflection: Third person singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΩ
G5245
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-per-is-KHOO-ee
Translations: prevails, overcomes, is stronger than, excels, is superior
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπέρ' (hyper, meaning 'over' or 'beyond') and 'ἰσχύω' (ischyō, meaning 'to be strong' or 'to have power'). It means to be exceedingly strong, to prevail, or to overcome. It describes a state where one entity or force is superior or more powerful than another, often implying a victory or dominance.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood
Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΕΡ (hyper), meaning 'over, beyond, above', and the verb ΙΣΧΥΩ (ischyō), meaning 'to be strong, to have power'. The combination signifies an intensified or superior strength.
G3631
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-nos
Translations: wine, a wine
Notes: This word refers to wine, the fermented juice of grapes. It is commonly used in ancient texts to denote the beverage itself, often in contexts of feasting, offerings, or daily consumption. It can be used in sentences like 'They drank wine' or 'The wine was red.'
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΛΕΥΚΟΣ
Etymology: The word "οἶνος" (oinos) is of Pre-Greek origin, meaning it existed in the region before the arrival of the Greek language. It is related to similar words for wine found in other Indo-European languages, suggesting a very ancient shared root.
G5154
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Numeral
Sounds like: TREE-tos
Translations: third, a third
Notes: This word means 'third' and is an ordinal number, indicating position in a sequence. It is used to describe something that comes after the first and second, whether in order, rank, or time. As an adjective, it modifies a noun and agrees with it in gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, or Vocative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'third'. It is related to the number three.
G5245
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-per-is-KHOO-oh-sin
Translations: prevail, be stronger than, overcome, be superior to
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to be exceedingly strong, to prevail, or to overcome. It describes a state of being superior in strength or power, often in a context of competition or struggle. It can be used to indicate that one entity or force is more powerful or effective than another.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ
Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: ΥΠΕΡ (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'above', and ΙΣΧΥΩ (ischyo), meaning 'to be strong' or 'to have power'. Thus, it literally means 'to be strong over' or 'to be exceedingly strong'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral
Sounds like: AI
Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11
Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)
Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.
G1135
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: goo-NAI-kes
Translations: women, wives
Notes: This word refers to women or wives in the plural form. It is commonly used to denote a group of adult females or married women. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'The women gathered together' or 'His wives were present'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3528, G3529
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Part of Speech: Verb, Noun, Proper Noun
Sounds like: NEE-kah
Translations: conquer, prevail, overcome, be victorious, win, victory, a victory, Nike
Notes: This word can function as a verb meaning 'to conquer' or 'to overcome', often used in the imperative form to command someone to be victorious. It can also be a noun meaning 'victory' or 'triumph'. Additionally, 'ΝΙΚΑ' can be a proper noun, referring to the goddess Nike, who personified victory, or as a personal name. Its meaning depends heavily on the grammatical context in which it is used.
Inflection: Present Active Imperative (2nd Person Singular), Nominative Singular (Feminine), Vocative Singular (Feminine)
Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΝΙΚΑΩ, ΘΡΙΑΜΒΕΥΩ
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G225
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-lay-THEY-ah
Translations: truth, a truth, reality, veracity, faithfulness
Notes: This word refers to truth, not merely as an abstract concept, but often as a quality of being or action, indicating sincerity, reality, or faithfulness. It can be used to describe something that is factual, genuine, or reliable. For example, one might speak of 'the truth of God' or 'walking in truth'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ
Etymology: From ἀληθής (alēthḗs, “true”), from ἀ- (a-, “un-”) + λήθη (lḗthē, “forgetfulness, oblivion”). Thus, literally 'un-forgetfulness' or 'that which is not hidden'.
G3753
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OH-teh
Translations: when, whenever, at which time
Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.
G1825
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-ay-GER-thay
Translations: was awakened, was aroused, was raised up, was stirred up
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἐξ- (ex-), meaning 'out of' or 'from,' and the verb ἐγείρω (egeirō), meaning 'to raise' or 'to awaken.' Therefore, it means 'to be awakened,' 'to be aroused,' or 'to be raised up.' It is often used in contexts where someone is roused from sleep, inactivity, or a state of unconsciousness, or when a person is stirred to action.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ
Etymology: The verb ἐξεγείρω (exegeirō) is formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from,' and the verb ἐγείρω (egeirō), meaning 'to raise' or 'to awaken.' The prefix ἐξ- (ex-) intensifies the meaning of 'raising' or 'awakening' to imply a complete or forceful action.
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: lah-BON-tes
Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed. It often conveys the sense of 'having taken' or 'having received' and can be used to introduce a subordinate clause, indicating the circumstances or cause of the main action. For example, 'having taken the letter, they did not hurry'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOH-kahn
Translations: they gave, they did give
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they gave' or 'they did give'. It describes an action of giving that occurred in the past. It is typically used when referring to multiple subjects who performed the act of giving.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΑΝ, ΕΔΩΚΑΝ
Etymology: The root word δίδωμι (didōmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, common in ancient Greek verbs.
G0314
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-EG-noh
Translations: read, read aloud
Notes: This word means 'to read' or 'to read aloud'. It is typically used to describe the act of perusing written text or proclaiming it verbally for others to hear. In the provided examples, it is used in the past tense, indicating that someone 'read' or 'read aloud' something.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
G1821
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: eks-ah-pos-TEI-las
Translations: having sent out, having sent forth, having dispatched, having sent away
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, indicating an action completed in the past, often prior to the main verb of the sentence. It means 'having sent out' or 'having dispatched' someone or something. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (out of) and the verb 'ἀποστέλλω' (to send away). It is used to describe the action of sending someone or something from a place, often with a specific purpose or mission.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΕΜΨΑΣ, ΕΞΑΠΕΣΤΕΙΛΕΝ, ΑΠΕΣΤΕΙΛΕΝ
G2564
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-KAH-leh-sen
Translations: he called, she called, it called
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to call' or 'to invite'. It is used to describe an action performed by a third person in the past, such as 'he called' or 'she invited'. It can refer to summoning someone, naming someone, or inviting them to an event or position.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tas
Translations: all, every, everyone, the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality of something or someone. In this form, it is used for masculine nouns in the accusative plural, meaning 'all (of them)' or 'everyone'. It can also be used substantively to refer to 'all people' or 'everyone'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G3175
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: meh-giss-TAH-nas
Translations: nobles, magnates, chief men, great men
Notes: This word refers to high-ranking officials, powerful individuals, or leading men in a kingdom or society. It is used to describe those who hold significant authority or influence, often in a political or administrative capacity.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΑΙ, ΠΡΩΤΟΙ
Etymology: From the Greek word μέγας (megas), meaning 'great', combined with a suffix indicating a person of high rank or status. It refers to one who is 'great' or 'most great'.
G4523
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sah-TRAH-pass
Translations: satrap, a satrap
Notes: A satrap was a governor of a province in the ancient Persian empire. The term was also used for governors of other ancient empires, such as the Babylonian empire. It refers to a high-ranking official appointed by a king to administer a region.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΑΡΧΩΝ
Etymology: The word "satrap" is of Old Persian origin, derived from "xšaθrapāvan", meaning "protector of the province" or "protector of the kingdom". It entered Greek through contact with the Persian Empire.
G4755
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: strah-tay-GOOS
Translations: generals, commanders, governors, magistrates
Notes: This word refers to military commanders, generals, or civil magistrates and governors. It is a compound word derived from 'stratos' (army) and 'agos' (leader). It is used to describe high-ranking officials, both military and civil, who hold authority and leadership positions.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΒΕΡΝΗΤΗΣ
G5115
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: toh-PAR-khas
Translations: toparchs, governors, rulers of a district, a toparch, a governor, a ruler of a district
Notes: This word refers to a ruler or governor of a specific district or region. It is a compound word derived from 'τόπος' (place) and 'ἄρχω' (to rule). It describes someone who holds authority over a particular locality, often a smaller administrative division within a larger kingdom or empire.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΣΑΤΡΑΠΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΤΟΠΑΡΧΗΣ is a compound of two Greek words: τόπος (topos), meaning 'place' or 'region', and ἄρχω (archo), meaning 'to rule' or 'to lead'. Thus, it literally means 'ruler of a place'.
G5227
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-PAH-toos
Translations: consuls, high officials, chief men
Notes: This word refers to consuls, who were the highest elected officials in the Roman Republic, or more generally, to high officials or chief men in a government or administration. It is used to describe leaders or those in positions of authority.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΣ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΑΣ, ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΥΣ
G2523
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-KAH-thi-sen
Translations: he sat down, she sat down, it sat down, he took his seat, she took her seat, it took its seat
Notes: This word means 'he/she/it sat down' or 'he/she/it took a seat'. It describes a completed action of sitting in the past. It is often used to indicate someone taking a position, such as sitting on a throne or on the ground.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ, ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G5537
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: khray-mah-tis-TEE-ree-oh
Translations: to do business, to trade, to deal in money, to manage affairs, to give a divine warning, to be called, to be named
Notes: This word is a verb that can have several meanings depending on context. It often refers to engaging in financial transactions, such as doing business, trading, or dealing with money. It can also mean to manage affairs or to conduct official business. In a more specific sense, it can refer to receiving a divine warning or oracle, or to being called or named by a particular title. The form ΧΡΗΜΑΤΙΣΤΗΡΙΩ is likely a dative singular form of a noun derived from the verb, or a rare or specialized verbal form, possibly related to a place of business or a financial transaction.
Inflection: Dative, Singular, Neuter (if a noun like 'χρηματιστήριον'), or a highly irregular/unattested verbal form. Given the common usage of the root, it most likely refers to 'to do business' or 'to be called'. The ending -ΙΩ is not a standard Koine Greek verbal ending for a simple verb, suggesting it might be a noun in the dative case (χρηματιστήριον, 'place of business' or 'exchange') or a very specific, perhaps rare, verbal form.
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΚΑΛΕΩ
G0314
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-eg-NOHS-thay
Translations: it was read, it was read aloud
Notes: This is a verb form indicating that something was read or read aloud. It describes an action that happened in the past and was completed, with the subject of the action being the recipient of the reading (i.e., it was read by someone). It is often used in contexts where scriptures, laws, or other texts were publicly recited or made known.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ἈΝΑΓΡΑΦΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, 'up, again') + γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō, 'to know, perceive'). The combination implies 'to know again' or 'to read up on', leading to the meaning 'to read aloud'.
G1799
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on
Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, (of) before, (of) in the presence of, (of) in the sight of
Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'in the presence of' or 'in the sight of' someone or something. It often conveys the idea of being directly in front of, or under the observation of, another.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.
Synonyms: ἘΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ
Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en, meaning 'in') and the noun ὬΨ (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'eye'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pen
Translations: he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is commonly used to introduce direct speech or to report what someone said.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G2564
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-LEH-sah-teh
Translations: call, invite, summon, name
Notes: This word means to call, invite, or summon someone. It can also mean to name someone or something. It is often used as a command or instruction to a group of people.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ
G3495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: neh-ah-NEES-koos
Translations: young men, youths
Notes: This word refers to young men, typically those in the prime of their youth or early adulthood. It is used to describe a group of male individuals who are not yet old men but have passed childhood. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΕΟΙ, ΝΕΑΝΙΑΙ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOY
Translations: they, them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun that can function in several ways. It can be used as an intensive pronoun meaning 'self' or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. It can also serve as a simple third-person pronoun meaning 'he, she, it, they' or 'him, her, it, them'. When used with the article, it often functions as an adjective meaning 'the same'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
G1213
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: day-loh-SOO-sin
Translations: they will make clear, they will show, they will declare, they will explain, they will reveal, they will make known
Notes: This word is a verb in the future tense, third person plural. It means 'they will make clear' or 'they will show'. It is used to indicate that a group of people will reveal, explain, or make something known in the future.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣΟΥΣΙΝ, ΓΝΩΡΙΣΟΥΣΙΝ
Etymology: The word ΔΗΛΟΩ (deloo) comes from the adjective δῆλος (delos), meaning 'clear' or 'evident'. The verb form means to make something clear or evident.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-goos
Translations: words, sayings, accounts, messages, statements, reports
Notes: This word is the plural accusative form of 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word' or 'reason'. In this form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb, indicating the 'words' or 'accounts' that are being acted upon. It can refer to spoken words, written accounts, or even divine pronouncements.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΑ, ΕΠΗ, ΜΥΘΟΙ
G2564
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-lay-THEH-san
Translations: they were called, they were invited
Notes: This word is the aorist passive form of the verb 'to call' or 'to invite'. It indicates that a group of people were called or invited by someone or something else, rather than performing the action themselves. It is used to describe an event that happened in the past, where the subjects were the recipients of the calling or invitation.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ
G1525
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eis-EEL-thoh-sahn
Translations: they entered, they came in, they went in
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis, meaning 'into' or 'to') and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai, meaning 'to come' or 'to go'). It means 'to come into' or 'to go into', indicating movement from outside to inside. It is used to describe a group of people performing the action of entering or coming inside a place.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G0518
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pang-GEH-lah-teh
Translations: report, announce, tell, declare, bring word
Notes: This word means to report, announce, or declare something. It is often used in the context of bringing news, a message, or a command to others. It implies a formal or official communication.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ἈΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΛΕΓΩ
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G1125
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ge-gra-mMEH-non
Translations: (of) written, (of) written things, (of) the things written, (of) the scriptures
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the perfect passive participle of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It is often used substantively, referring to 'the things that have been written' or 'the scriptures'. It indicates something that has been recorded or set down in writing, and in a religious context, it frequently refers to sacred texts.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΩΝ, ΓΡΑΦΩΝ
G0756
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eer-XAH-toh
Translations: began, started
Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'he/she/it began' or 'he/she/it started'. It is used to indicate the commencement of an action or state, often implying that the subject initiated the action themselves (middle voice) or that the action simply began (passive voice).
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From the Greek word ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to be first, to rule, to begin'. The middle voice ἄρχομαι means 'to begin' or 'to take the lead'.
G4413
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: PRO-tos
Translations: first, a first, chief, principal, foremost, the first
Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, rank, or importance. It can be used as an adjective to describe a noun, or it can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the first one' or 'the chief person/thing'. It indicates precedence or priority.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: From a superlative form of the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- (forward, before). It is related to the English word 'prior'.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pahs
Translations: you said, you spoke
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It refers to an action of speaking or saying that was completed in the past. It is used when addressing a single person directly, indicating that 'you' (singular) performed the action of speaking.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
Etymology: From an obsolete primary verb, probably of Hebrew origin. It is related to the idea of 'to speak' or 'to say'.
G2479
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: iss-KHOO-oss
Translations: of strength, of power, of might, of ability
Notes: This word refers to inherent strength, power, or ability. It denotes the capacity to do something or to exert force. It is often used in contexts describing physical or moral power, or the ability to accomplish tasks.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΎΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΆΤΟΣ, ἘΞΟΥΣΊΑ
Etymology: The word ἸΣΧΎΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.
G3631
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-noo
Translations: of wine, wine
Notes: This word refers to wine, the fermented juice of grapes. It is commonly used in ancient Greek texts to denote the beverage itself, often in contexts of consumption, production, or as a symbol. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession or origin, such as 'of wine' or 'from wine'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΜΠΕΛΩΝ, ΓΛΕΥΚΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟἸΝΟΣ (oinos) comes from Proto-Indo-European *woyh₁no-, referring to 'wine' or 'vine'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its ancient origin and widespread use.
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-fay
Translations: he said, she said, it said, he spoke, she spoke, it spoke
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone said or spoke in the past, often translated as 'he said' or 'she said'. It can be used in various contexts to introduce direct or indirect speech.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΙΠΕΝ
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-dres
Translations: men
Notes: This word means 'men' and is the plural form of 'man'. It refers to adult male human beings. In Koine Greek, it is often used generally to refer to people, especially in a collective sense, or specifically to males.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΙ
G4459
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: POHS
Translations: how, in what way, by what means, that, in order that
Notes: ΠΩΣ is an adverb used to inquire about the manner or means by which something occurs, translating to "how" or "in what way." It can introduce direct or indirect questions. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning "that" or "in order that," especially when expressing purpose or result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative and interrogative pronominal stems.
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahn-THROH-poos
Translations: men, people, human beings, humans
Notes: This word refers to human beings in general, encompassing both men and women. It is often used to distinguish humans from God or from animals. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object, indicating the recipients of an action or the subjects being discussed.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΥΣ, ΑΝΔΡΑΣ
G4095
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pee-ON-tas
Translations: drinking, having drunk, those who drank
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'πίνω' (pinō), meaning 'to drink'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by the noun it modifies, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this form, it refers to 'those who drank' or 'having drunk', indicating a completed action in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Accusative
Etymology: The verb 'πίνω' (pinō) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to the act of drinking.
G4105
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: plah-NAH
Translations: deceive, lead astray, mislead, cause to wander, err
Notes: This word describes the act of causing someone to go astray, either literally by leading them off a path, or figuratively by deceiving them or causing them to err in judgment or belief. It can also mean to wander or be led astray oneself. It is often used in the context of spiritual or moral error.
Inflection: Present, Imperative, Active, 2nd Person Singular (e.g., 'do not deceive'); Present, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular (e.g., 'he/she/it deceives')
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΠΛΑΝΩ
Etymology: The word originates from the Greek root πλάνη (planē), meaning 'a wandering, a going astray, error'.
G1271
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-AH-noy-ahn
Translations: mind, understanding, a mind, an understanding, thought, purpose, a thought, a purpose
Notes: This word refers to the faculty of understanding, the intellect, or the mind. It can also denote a thought, purpose, or intention. It describes the inner working of one's mental processes and can be used to speak of one's way of thinking or disposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΝΟΥΣ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ, ΕΝΘΥΜΗΣΙΣ
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G3737
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: or-pha-NOO
Translations: orphan, an orphan, fatherless, an orphan (of), fatherless (of)
Notes: This word refers to someone who has lost one or both parents, particularly a father. It can be used as a noun meaning 'orphan' or as an adjective meaning 'fatherless' or 'bereft'. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΟΣ, ΑΒΟΗΘΗΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'ὈΡΦΑΝΟΣ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be deprived' or 'to be without'. It is related to Latin 'orbus' (bereft, orphaned) and English 'orphan'.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-EH-ee
Translations: makes, does, creates, performs, produces, brings about, carries out
Notes: This verb signifies to make, do, or create something. It is used broadly to describe actions, accomplishments, or the bringing into existence of something. It can refer to physical creation, the performance of an action, or the production of a result.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G3392
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mee-AH-n
Translations: to defile, to pollute, to contaminate, to stain
Notes: This word describes the act of making something unclean, impure, or unholy. It can refer to physical defilement, such as staining or polluting, or to moral and spiritual defilement, such as corrupting or profaning. It is often used in a religious context to describe ritual impurity or sin.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΜΟΛΥΝΩ, ΡΥΠΑΙΝΩ, ΒΕΒΗΛΟΩ
Etymology: The word 'μιαίνω' (miainō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the concept of defilement and impurity.
G3610
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-ke-TOO
Translations: of a household servant, of a domestic, of a slave, of a house slave
Notes: This word refers to a household servant, a domestic, or a slave who is part of a household. It emphasizes their belonging to a specific home or family, distinguishing them from other types of laborers or slaves. It is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of a servant' or 'belonging to a servant'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ
Etymology: From οἶκος (oikos, "house") and ἔχω (echō, "to have"), literally meaning "one who has a house" or "one who belongs to a house".
G1658
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: eh-LEH-theh-ROO
Translations: of a free man, of the free, of a freeman
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective or noun 'ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΟΣ' (eleutheros), meaning 'free' or 'a free man'. As an adjective, it describes something or someone as being free. As a noun, it refers to a person who is free, not enslaved. In its genitive form, it typically indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of a free person' or 'belonging to the free'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ἈΝΕΞΟΥΣΙΟΣ, ἈΝΕΜΠΟΔΙΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΟΣ' (eleutheros) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to grow' or 'to belong to the people'. It has been used in Greek since ancient times to denote freedom, both political and personal.
G3993
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PEH-nay-toss
Translations: of a poor person, of the poor, of the needy
Notes: This word refers to someone who is poor, needy, or destitute. It is often used to describe a person lacking material possessions or resources. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'the wisdom of the poor person' or 'the cry of the needy'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΤΩΧΟΣ, ΕΝΔΕΗΣ
G4145
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ploo-SEE-oo
Translations: of a rich man, of a wealthy person, of the rich
Notes: This word describes someone who possesses great wealth or abundance. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating that the noun has the quality of being rich or wealthy. The form 'ΠΛΟΥΣΙΟΥ' is the genitive singular, meaning it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of a rich man' or 'of a wealthy person'. It can also function as a substantive, referring to 'the rich man' or 'the wealthy one'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΥΠΟΡΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PA-san
Translations: all, every, whole, an entire
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of something. For example, it can be used to say 'all people' or 'every house'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3344
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-tas-TREH-fei
Translations: turns, changes, transforms, perverts
Notes: This word means to turn around, change, or transform something. It can also imply perverting or corrupting something from its original state. It is used to describe an action where one thing is altered into another, often with a significant shift in nature or direction. For example, it can be used to describe turning a situation around or changing one's mind.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΜΕΤΑΜΟΡΦΟΩ
G2165
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-oh-KHEE-ah
Translations: feast, a feast, feasting, good cheer, revelry
Notes: This word refers to a feast or a banquet, often implying a time of good cheer, revelry, or luxurious living. It describes a gathering for eating and drinking, typically on a grand scale, and can also denote the enjoyment or pleasure derived from such an event. It is used in sentences to describe the act of holding a feast or participating in one.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΜΠΟΣΙΟΝ, ΔΕΙΠΝΟΝ, ΕΥ̓ΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ
Etymology: The word Εὐωχία (euōchia) comes from the Greek words εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'having well' or 'being well off', referring to a state of prosperity or good living, which then extended to mean a feast or good cheer.
G2167
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-fro-SOO-nayne
Translations: joy, gladness, mirth, a joy, a gladness
Notes: This word refers to a state of joy, gladness, or mirth. It describes a feeling of happiness and delight. It is often used in contexts referring to a deep, inner sense of well-being or celebration.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΑΡΑ, ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΣΙΣ, ΕΥ̓ΦΡΑΝΣΙΣ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G3403
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mem-NEE-tai
Translations: he remembers, she remembers, it remembers, he has remembered, she has remembered, it has remembered
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to remember' or 'to call to mind'. It is often used to indicate an ongoing state of remembering or a completed action with continuing results. It can be used with a genitive object (e.g., 'he remembers of the Lord') or an accusative object (e.g., 'he remembers every sorrow').
Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ΜΝΗΜΟΝΕΥΩ
G3077
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LY-peen
Translations: sorrow, grief, pain, distress, a sorrow, a grief, a pain, a distress
Notes: This word refers to a feeling of deep distress, sadness, or pain, whether emotional or sometimes physical. It is used to describe sorrow, grief, or affliction, often indicating a state of emotional suffering. It can be used in contexts describing the experience of profound sadness or the cause of such sadness.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΥΝΗ, ΠΕΝΘΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to be sick, to suffer'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: PAN
Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole
Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.
G3783
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oh-FEI-lee-mah
Translations: debt, a debt, obligation, an obligation, trespass, sin, a sin
Notes: This word refers to something that is owed, whether it be a financial debt, a moral obligation, or a trespass against someone. It can be used in a literal sense for money owed, or in a figurative sense for a moral failing or sin.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΧΡΕΟΣ, ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ
Etymology: The word ὈΦΕΙΛΗΜΑ (opheilēma) is derived from the verb ὈΦΕΙΛΩ (opheilō), meaning 'to owe' or 'to be indebted'. It refers to that which is owed or due.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sas
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or entirety of something. In the provided examples, it modifies feminine plural nouns, indicating 'all' of those nouns. For instance, 'ΠΑΣΑΣ ΤΑΣ ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑΣ ΥΜΩΝ' means 'all your sins'.
Inflection: Feminine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G2588
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-DEE-as
Translations: of heart, of a heart, of mind, of soul, of inner self, of conscience, of courage, of will
Notes: This word refers to the physical heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of one's being, including thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used to denote the inner person, the seat of spiritual and moral life. For example, it can refer to the core of one's beliefs or the source of one's intentions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΝΟΥΣ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ
G4145
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ploo-SEE-as
Translations: rich, wealthy
Notes: This word describes something or someone as being rich or wealthy. It is used to indicate abundance, whether of material possessions, resources, or even spiritual blessings. It can modify nouns to describe their quality of being rich.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΠΟΡΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah
Translations: king, a king
Notes: This word refers to a king, monarch, or ruler. It is used to denote the sovereign head of a state or people. In its accusative form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G3761
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: oo-DEH
Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ
Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).
G4520
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sah-TRAH-peen
Translations: satrap, a satrap, governor, a governor
Notes: A satrap was a governor of a province in the ancient Persian empire, and later in the Hellenistic empires of Alexander the Great's successors. The term is often used to denote a powerful provincial ruler or viceroy. It is a compound word derived from Old Persian.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΑΡΧΩΝ
Etymology: The word "satrap" comes from Old Persian *xšaθrapāvan- meaning 'protector of the province' or 'protector of the land'. It was adopted into Greek as σατράπης (satrapēs) and then into Latin and other European languages.
G5007
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tah-LAN-tohn
Translations: of talents, of a talent
Notes: This word refers to a talent, which was a significant unit of weight and currency in ancient times. It could represent a large sum of money or a measure of precious metal. In the provided context, it is used to denote quantities of silver.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
G2980
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: lah-LEH-in
Translations: to speak, to talk, to say
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'λαλέω'. It means 'to speak' or 'to talk'. It is used to express the action of speaking in a general sense, often without specifying the content of the speech, or to indicate the ability to speak. It can be used in various contexts, such as speaking a language, speaking to someone, or simply making sounds.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ, ΕΡΩ
Etymology: From an onomatopoeic root, imitating the sound of babbling or chattering. It is related to the English word 'lullaby' and similar words in other languages that describe vocal sounds.
G4095
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PIH-noh-sin
Translations: they drink, they may drink, they might drink
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to drink'. It is used to describe the action of consuming a liquid. It can be used in various contexts, such as drinking water, wine, or other beverages. The form 'ΠΙΝΩΣΙΝ' specifically refers to a group of people performing the action of drinking.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Indicative or Subjunctive, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΠΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΙΕΙΝ
G5385
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: phi-li-A-zeen
Translations: to be friends with, to associate with, to be friendly
Notes: This word means to be or become friends with someone, or to associate with them in a friendly manner. It describes the act of forming or maintaining a friendly relationship.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΜΙΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: Derived from the Greek word ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'friend' or 'beloved'.
G5384
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fee-LOYS
Translations: to friends, for friends, with friends
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'friend'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of an action, showing to whom or for whom something is done, or with whom an action is performed. For example, it could mean 'to friends' when giving something, or 'with friends' when associating with them.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΙΣ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΙΣ
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOYS
Translations: to brothers, to brethren, to fellow countrymen, to fellow believers
Notes: This word refers to brothers, both literal siblings and, more broadly, fellow members of a community, nation, or faith. It is often used in a figurative sense to denote close associates or fellow believers, emphasizing a bond of kinship or shared identity. In this dative plural form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to or for brothers/brethren'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΕΚΝΟΙΣ, ΟΜΟΓΕΝΕΣΙΝ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to
Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: PO-loo
Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot
Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.
G4685
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: SPOHN-tai
Translations: draw, pull, attract, drag, tear
Notes: This word means to draw, pull, or drag something. It can be used in various contexts, such as drawing a sword, pulling a net, or attracting something towards oneself. In the provided example, 'σπῶνται μαχαίρας' means 'they draw swords'. It can also imply tearing or rending.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΛΚΩ, ΣΥΡΩ
Etymology: The word σπάω (spao) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to pull' or 'to draw'.
G3162
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ma-KHAIR-as
Translations: sword, a sword, dagger, a dagger, knife, a knife
Notes: This word refers to a sword, dagger, or knife. It is a general term for a short, sharp weapon or cutting implement. It can be used in contexts of warfare, self-defense, or even for everyday tasks requiring a blade.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΞΙΦΟΣ, ΡΟΜΦΑΙΑ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to μάχη (machē), meaning 'battle' or 'fight'.
G1453
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GER-thoh-sin
Translations: they may be raised, they may be awakened, they may arise
Notes: This word is a verb in the passive voice, meaning 'to be raised,' 'to be awakened,' or 'to arise.' It is used to describe a group of people or things being caused to stand up, wake up, or be brought into existence or prominence by an external agent. It can refer to physical resurrection, waking from sleep, or rising from a state of inactivity.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix
Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)
Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-
Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).
Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.
Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.
G4238
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-RAX-an
Translations: they did, they acted, they performed, they practiced
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they did' or 'they acted'. It refers to actions or deeds performed by a group of people. It is typically used to describe past actions that have been completed.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΟΙΗΣΑΝ, ΕΙΡΓΑΣΑΝΤΟ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to PIE *perh₂- 'to pass through, to cross over'.
G5599
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Part of Speech: Interjection
Sounds like: OH
Translations: O, Oh
Notes: This word is an interjection used for direct address, exclamation, or to express strong emotion such as wonder, lament, or appeal. It often precedes a noun in the vocative case, indicating a direct address to someone or something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle, meaning "not" or "no." It is used to negate statements of fact or reality. It is a variant of οὐ (ou) and οὐκ (ouk), specifically used before words that begin with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u- (negative particle). It is related to other negative particles in various Indo-European languages.
G0314
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nahg-KAH-zei
Translations: compels, forces, urges, constrains
Notes: This word means to compel, force, or urge someone to do something. It describes an action where one person or circumstance exerts pressure on another, making them act in a certain way, often against their will or inclination. It can be used in contexts ranging from gentle persuasion to strong coercion.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΒΙΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-EH-in
Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.
G4601
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-see-GAY-sen
Translations: he was silent, she was silent, it was silent, he became silent, she became silent, it became silent
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be silent' or 'to become silent'. It describes the action of someone or something ceasing to speak or make noise. It is used to indicate a state of quietness or a deliberate act of refraining from speech.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΣΙΩΠΑΩ, ΗΣΥΧΑΖΩ
Etymology: The word ΣΙΓΑΩ (sigaō) is derived from σιγή (sigē), meaning 'silence'.
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