Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint / 2 Chronicles / Chapter 112 Chronicles, Chapter 11
Interlinear version from Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint (Beta)
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EEL-then
Translations: came, went, arrived
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action that happened in the past, specifically that 'he, she, or it came' or 'he, she, or it went'. It is used to indicate movement towards or away from a place or state.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G4462
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: roh-bo-AM
Translations: Rehoboam
Notes: Rehoboam was the son of Solomon and the first king of the Kingdom of Judah after the division of the united monarchy of Israel. His reign is described in the Old Testament.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew Rĕḥabʻām (רְחַבְעָם), meaning 'he enlarges the people' or 'the people have been enlarged'.
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G2419
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-eh-roo-sah-LEEM
Translations: Jerusalem
Notes: This is the name of the ancient city of Jerusalem, a significant city in the history of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It is used to refer to the geographical location and often carries spiritual or symbolic meaning. It functions as a direct object or the object of a preposition in sentences, indicating location or destination.
Inflection: Often indeclinable
Etymology: From Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushaláyim), meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'.
G1571
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-ek-klay-SEE-ah-sen
Translations: assembled, gathered, called together, convened
Notes: This word means to call an assembly, to gather people together, or to convene a meeting. It is often used in contexts where a leader or authority figure brings a group of people together for a specific purpose, such as for deliberation or action.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2448
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAN
Translations: Judah, Jude
Notes: This word refers to Judah, the fourth son of Jacob and Leah, or to the tribe and kingdom descended from him. It is used to denote the geographical region, the people, or the historical entity of Judah. In the provided context, it refers to the land or people of Judah.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G0958
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ben-ee-ah-MEIN
Translations: Benjamin
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Benjamin, the youngest son of Jacob and Rachel in the Old Testament. He was the founder of one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The name is often used to refer to the tribe or the territory associated with it.
Inflection: Indeclinable
Etymology: From Hebrew בִּנְיָמִין (Binyāmīn), meaning 'son of the right hand' or 'son of the south'.
G1540
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: heh-KAH-ton
Translations: hundred, a hundred
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'one hundred'. It is used to indicate a quantity of one hundred units of something. For example, it can be used to describe a hundred people, a hundred years, or a hundred items.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin 'centum' and English 'hundred'.
G3589
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: og-DOH-ay-kon-tah
Translations: eighty
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'eighty'. It is used to indicate a quantity of eighty units and is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number. It functions similarly to the English word 'eighty' in a sentence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From the Greek word ὀγδοήκοντα (ogdoēkonta), meaning 'eighty'. It is derived from ὀκτώ (oktō), meaning 'eight', and a suffix indicating multiples of ten.
G5505
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khee-LEE-ah-des
Translations: thousands
Notes: This word refers to a large number, specifically multiples of one thousand. It is used to denote a quantity of one thousand units or more, often in a general sense of a very large, uncountable number.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Feminine
Etymology: From the Greek word χίλιοι (chilioi), meaning 'a thousand'.
G3495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: neh-ah-NEES-kohn
Translations: of young men, of youths, of young servants
Notes: This word refers to young men, youths, or young servants. It is often used to describe individuals who are in the prime of their youth, typically between adolescence and early adulthood. It can also refer to attendants or servants who are young.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΕΟΙ, ΝΕΑΝΙΑΙ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-OON-tone
Translations: doing, making, performing, working, those who do, those who make
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'doing' or 'making'. It describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally (describing someone who is doing something) or substantivally (referring to 'those who are doing' or 'the ones doing'). In the genitive plural, as seen here, it often refers to 'of those who are doing' or 'of the ones making'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G4171
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PO-le-mon
Translations: war, a war
Notes: This word refers to a state of armed conflict between different countries or groups. It is used to describe a battle or a prolonged struggle, often involving military action and violence. In a sentence, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΑΓΩΝ
G4170
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-po-LEH-meh
Translations: he was waging war, he waged war, he fought, he was fighting
Notes: This word describes the action of waging war or fighting. It is used to indicate that someone was engaged in a conflict or battle. It is an imperfect tense verb, meaning the action was ongoing or repeated in the past.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G2474
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: Iss-rah-AYL
Translations: Israel
Notes: This word refers to Israel, which can denote the patriarch Jacob (who was renamed Israel), the nation descended from him, or the land occupied by that nation. It is used to refer to the people of God, the twelve tribes, or the northern kingdom of Israel as distinct from Judah. It is often used in contexts referring to the history, covenant, and identity of God's chosen people.
Inflection: Indeclinable
Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'. It was the new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:28).
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G1994
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-STREF-sai
Translations: to turn, to return, to turn back, to convert, to restore
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to turn' or 'to return'. It is often used to describe a physical turning or returning to a place, but can also signify a moral or spiritual turning, such as converting to a new belief or repenting from sin. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb 'στρέφω' (strephō), meaning 'to turn'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΥΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G0932
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LAY-ahn
Translations: kingdom, a kingdom, reign, kingship, royal power, dominion
Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, a realm ruled by a king, or the act of reigning and exercising royal power. It can describe a physical territory or the abstract concept of royal authority and dominion. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh
Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-goss
Translations: word, a word, reason, a reason, account, an account, speech, a speech, message, a message, report, a report, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, saying, a saying, discourse, a discourse
Notes: The word 'logos' is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a wide range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, or a command. Beyond simple communication, it also encompasses concepts like reason, logic, an account, a narrative, or even a divine utterance or principle. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say, speak'. It refers to something said or thought, and its meaning evolved to encompass both speech and the underlying reason or thought.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master
Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.
G4547
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sah-MAH-ee-ahn
Translations: Shemaiah
Notes: This is a proper noun, specifically a masculine personal name. It refers to various individuals mentioned in the Old Testament, such as a prophet, a Levite, or a prince. It is used to identify a specific person in a narrative.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Shemaiah is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name שְׁמַעְיָה (Shema'yah), meaning 'heard by Yahweh' or 'Yahweh has heard'.
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahn-THROH-pohn
Translations: man, a man, person, a person, human being, a human being
Notes: This word refers to a human being, a person, or mankind in general. It is used to denote an individual man or woman, or the human race collectively. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any person.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GOHN
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pon
Translations: I said, I spoke, he said, he spoke, they said, they spoke, to say, to speak
Notes: ΕἸΠΟΝ is an aorist form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used as the aorist tense of the verb λέγω (legō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I said', 'he said', or 'they said' depending on the context and the implied subject, as the form itself is ambiguous regarding person and number (it can be 1st singular, 3rd singular, or 3rd plural). It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G4672
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sah-loh-MOHN
Translations: Solomon
Notes: This is the name of King Solomon, the son of David and Bathsheba, who succeeded his father as king of Israel. He is renowned for his wisdom, wealth, and the construction of the First Temple in Jerusalem. The word is used to refer specifically to this historical figure.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Etymology: The Greek name Σαλωμών (Salōmōn) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name שְׁלֹמֹה (Shelomoh), which is derived from the Hebrew root שָׁלֹם (shalom), meaning 'peace'. Thus, Solomon's name is often interpreted as 'peaceful' or 'man of peace'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TA-deh
Translations: these things, thus, as follows
Notes: ΤΑΔΕ is the neuter plural form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is often used to introduce a statement, a list of items, or direct speech, functioning like 'thus' or 'as follows'. For example, 'thus says the Lord'. It can refer to things that are about to be said or have just been mentioned.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ὅδε (hode) is formed from the demonstrative pronoun ὁ (ho, 'this, that') and the deictic particle -δε (-de), which emphasizes proximity or immediate reference.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-ghei
Translations: says, speaks, he says, he speaks, she says, she speaks, it says, it speaks
Notes: This is a common Koine Greek verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is frequently used to introduce direct quotes or to state what someone (or something) is declaring. It is often translated as 'he says' or 'the Lord says' in biblical contexts.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir
Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G0305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-BEE-ses-theh
Translations: you will go up, you will ascend, you will come up, you will embark
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to go up,' 'to ascend,' or 'to come up.' It can refer to physical movement upwards, such as climbing a mountain or entering a city located on higher ground. It can also be used metaphorically, such as 'to come up' in one's mind or 'to rise' in status. In the provided context, it refers to going up to battle or engaging in conflict.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΝΟΔΕΥΩ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G4170
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: po-le-MEH-seh-teh
Translations: you will wage war, you will fight, you will make war
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to wage war' or 'to fight'. It is used to describe the act of engaging in conflict or battle. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'You will not fight against your brothers'.
Inflection: Second Person Plural, Future Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOOS
Translations: brothers, brethren
Notes: This word refers to brothers or male siblings. In a broader sense, it can also refer to fellow members of a community, countrymen, or spiritual brethren. It is used here in the accusative plural, indicating that the brothers are the direct object of an action.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ἈΔΕΛΦΟΙ
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G0654
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pos-TREH-feh-teh
Translations: turn away, turn back, return, avert, restore
Notes: This word means to turn away, turn back, or return. It can also mean to avert something or to restore something to its original state. It is often used in the imperative to command someone to turn back or return.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΣΤΡΕΦΩ
Etymology: From ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn'.
G1538
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Part of Speech: Pronominal Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: EK-as-tos
Translations: each, every, every one, everyone
Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every' and refers to individual members within a group, emphasizing their distinctness. It is used to single out every single person or thing from a larger collection. For example, 'each person' or 'every house'.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Etymology: From an unknown origin, possibly related to ἕκας (hekas, 'far off').
G3624
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-kon
Translations: house, a house, home, a home, household, a household, temple, a temple
Notes: This word refers to a dwelling place, a building where people live, or a household including its inhabitants and possessions. It can also refer to a temple or a place of worship. In the provided context, it is used in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb, often meaning 'to build a house' or 'into the house'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: pa-RAH
Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a
Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOO
Translations: (of) me, my
Notes: This is the genitive case of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It indicates possession or origin, functioning similarly to 'of me' or 'my' in English. It is used to show that something belongs to the speaker or comes from the speaker.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, First Person
Synonyms: ΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the first-person singular pronoun, indicating the speaker.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G4487
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: RHE-ma
Translations: word, a word, saying, a saying, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, utterance, an utterance
Notes: This word refers to something spoken, an utterance, a saying, or a word. It can also refer to a matter or a thing that is spoken about or decided. It is often used in contexts referring to divine pronouncements or significant statements.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb ῥέω (rheō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to flow'. It refers to that which is spoken or uttered.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G1873
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ay-KOO-san
Translations: they heard, they listened, they obeyed
Notes: This is a verb in the past tense, meaning 'they heard,' 'they listened,' or 'they obeyed.' It implies giving attention to what is said and often responding positively or complying with a command. It is used to describe an action completed in the past.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΠΑΚΟΥΩ (epakouō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to,' and the verb ἀκούω (akouō), meaning 'to hear.' The combination suggests hearing with attention or hearing in response to something.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-goo
Translations: of word, of account, of reason, of speech, of message, of saying, of statement, of report, of matter, of thing
Notes: This word refers to a word, speech, discourse, or a divine utterance. It can also mean an account, reason, or a matter/thing. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'. It is frequently used in contexts relating to communication, divine revelation, or logical reasoning.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ
G0654
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pes-TRAH-fay-san
Translations: they turned away, they returned, they were turned back, they turned back
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb στρέφω (strepho, meaning 'to turn'). In this specific form, it means 'they turned away' or 'they returned'. It can describe a physical turning away or returning, or a moral turning away from something or someone. It is often used in the sense of abandoning or rejecting something, or simply going back to a previous state or location.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive or Middle, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G4198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: por-yoo-THEE-nai
Translations: to go, to travel, to depart, to proceed
Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'to go' or 'to travel'. It describes the action of moving from one place to another, whether literally walking, journeying, or metaphorically proceeding in a certain direction or manner. It is often used to indicate a movement or a course of action.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G2426
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-bo-AM
Translations: Jeroboam
Notes: Jeroboam was the name of two kings of ancient Israel. The first Jeroboam was the first king of the northern Kingdom of Israel after the split from the Kingdom of Judah. He reigned for 22 years and is often depicted negatively in the biblical narrative for introducing idolatry. The second Jeroboam, Jeroboam II, was also a king of Israel who reigned much later and brought a period of prosperity.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. Proper nouns do not inflect for gender.
Etymology: From Hebrew יָרָבְעָם (Yarob'am), meaning 'the people contend' or 'he contends for the people'.
G2730
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-toh-KAY-sen
Translations: he dwelt, he inhabited, he settled, he lived
Notes: This word means 'to dwell', 'to inhabit', 'to settle', or 'to live in a place'. It describes the act of residing in a specific location, often with a sense of permanence or establishment. It is used to indicate that someone took up residence or made their home somewhere.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΩ, ΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ
Etymology: From κατά (kata, 'down, against') and οἰκέω (oikeō, 'to dwell, inhabit'). The prefix κατά intensifies the meaning of dwelling, suggesting a settled or permanent residence.
G3618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-koh-DOH-may-sen
Translations: built, constructed, erected
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'οἰκοδομέω' (oikodomeō), meaning 'to build' or 'to construct'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a single subject. For example, 'he built' or 'she constructed'. It is a compound word formed from 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', and 'δέμω' (demō), meaning 'to build'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ
Etymology: The word 'οἰκοδομέω' (oikodomeō) is a compound verb derived from 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', and 'δέμω' (demō), meaning 'to build'. It literally means 'to build a house' and by extension, 'to build' or 'construct' in general.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PO-leess
Translations: cities, a city
Notes: This word refers to a city or a town. It is used to describe a populated area with buildings and infrastructure, often with a distinct political or administrative structure. In the provided context, it refers to multiple cities, specifically 'fortified cities'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΣΤΥ, ΚΩΜΗ
G5099
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: tee-KHEE-rays
Translations: walled, fortified
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'walled' or 'fortified'. It is used to describe cities or places that have walls for defense. For example, one might speak of 'walled cities' to denote their defensive capabilities.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΟΣ, ΕΡΥΜΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΤΕΙΧΗΡΗΣ (teichērēs) is a compound word derived from ΤΕΙΧΟΣ (teichos), meaning 'wall', and the suffix -ηρης (-ērēs), which indicates 'furnished with' or 'having'. Thus, it literally means 'having walls' or 'furnished with walls'.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G2449
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-yah
Translations: Judaea, Judea, a Judean woman, Jewish (feminine)
Notes: This word refers to the geographical region of Judaea, a historical area in the Southern Levant. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'Judean' or 'Jewish', specifically in its feminine form, referring to a woman from Judaea or a Jewish woman. In the provided examples, it clearly refers to the region of Judaea.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
G0967
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bahee-th-seh-EM
Translations: Bethshean, Beth Shan
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Bethshean, an ancient city in the Jordan Valley, known for its strategic location and historical significance. It is mentioned in the Old Testament as Beth Shan and in the New Testament as Scythopolis. It is a compound word, meaning 'house of ease' or 'house of security'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: From Hebrew בֵּית שְׁאָן (Beth Sh'an), meaning 'house of ease' or 'house of security'.
G522
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Part of Speech: Prefix, Verb
Sounds like: ah-PAN
Translations: to meet, to encounter, to come to meet, to go to meet
Notes: This word, 'ἈΠΑΝ', is not a standalone word in Koine Greek. It appears to be a prefix or a truncated form of the verb 'ἀπαντάω' (apantaō), which means 'to meet' or 'to encounter'. In the provided examples, it is consistently part of inflected forms of 'ἀπαντάω', such as 'ἀπαντῆσαι' (to meet), 'ἀπαντήσονται' (they will meet), and 'ἀπαντήσομαι' (I will meet). Therefore, 'ἈΠΑΝ' itself signifies the action of meeting or encountering when combined with other verbal elements.
Inflection: This is a prefix or a truncated verb stem, not an inflected form itself. It is part of the verb 'ἀπαντάω' which inflects for tense, voice, mood, person, and number.
Synonyms: ὙΠΑΝΤΑΩ, ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ
G5087
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: the-KO-eh
Translations: Tekoa
Notes: Tekoa is a proper noun referring to an ancient town in Judah, located south of Bethlehem. It is mentioned in the Old Testament as the home of the prophet Amos and a place where Rehoboam built fortifications. The name is also associated with a person, a son of Ashhur, in the genealogies.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name Tekoa is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'a stockade' or 'a pitching of tents'. It refers to a place that was likely fortified or used as a camping ground.
G0967
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bahee-thsoo-RAH
Translations: Beth-zur
Notes: Beth-zur is a proper noun referring to an ancient fortified city in Judea, located in the hill country. It is mentioned in the Old Testament and historical texts as a strategic stronghold. The name is a compound word, meaning 'house of rock' or 'house of a strong place'.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine
Etymology: From Hebrew בֵּית צוּר (Beth Tsur), meaning 'house of rock' or 'house of a strong place'. It is a compound of בַּיִת (bayit, 'house') and צוּר (tsur, 'rock', 'fortress').
G4675
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: SOK-khoth
Translations: Succoth
Notes: Succoth is a proper noun referring to a specific place. It is a town or region mentioned in the Old Testament, often associated with the Jordan Valley or other geographical locations in ancient Israel. It is used to denote a location, as in 'to Succoth' or 'in Succoth'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Hebrew סֻכּוֹת (sukkōṯ), meaning 'booths' or 'tabernacles'. It refers to a place where temporary shelters were set up.
G3606
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: o-do-LAM
Translations: Adullam
Notes: Adullam is a proper noun referring to an ancient city in the Shephelah region of Judah, known for its cave where David hid from King Saul. It is often mentioned in geographical lists or historical narratives.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek word ὈΔΟΛΑΜ (Odolam) is a transliteration of the Hebrew word עֲדֻלָּם (ʿAdullām), which refers to an ancient city in Judah.
G1061
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: GETH
Translations: Gath
Notes: Gath was one of the five principal cities of the Philistines, located in ancient Canaan. It is frequently mentioned in the Old Testament, particularly in connection with King David and Goliath, who was from Gath. It is used as a geographical reference point.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The name 'Gath' is of Semitic origin, likely meaning 'winepress'. It refers to a Philistine city in ancient Canaan.
G3175
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: mah-REH-san
Translations: Maresha, Mareshah
Notes: Maresha is a proper noun referring to an ancient city in Judah, located in the Shephelah region. It is mentioned in the Old Testament as a significant fortified city. In this form, it is in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The name Maresha is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'head' or 'summit'. It refers to an ancient city in Judah.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ZAYB
Translations: Zeib
Notes: This is a proper noun, likely referring to a place name. In the provided context, it appears in lists of cities or towns, suggesting it is a geographical location. It is probably a transliteration of a Hebrew place name into Greek.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Hebrew place name 'Zib' or 'Ziph' (צִיף), which refers to a town in the hill country of Judah.
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-DOH-rai
Translations: without gifts, ungifted, unbribed, unbribable
Notes: This word describes something or someone as being without gifts, or not having received gifts. It can also refer to someone who is unbribed or unbribable, implying integrity. In the provided context, it appears to be used as a proper noun, possibly a place name, which would be an unusual usage for this adjective.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative or Vocative, Plural; or Feminine, Dative, Singular
G2975
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: la-KHEIS
Translations: you have obtained, you have received, you have been allotted, you have cast lots
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to obtain by lot, to receive by divine allotment, to be allotted, or to cast lots'. It implies receiving something as a result of a decision made by lot or by divine providence. It is used in contexts where someone has been given a share or a portion of something, often implying a pre-determined or fated outcome.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΕΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ
Etymology: The root verb ΛΑΓΧΑΝΩ (lagchanō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words meaning 'to take' or 'to get'.
G1073
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-ZEE-kah
Translations: Azekah
Notes: Azekah is a proper noun, referring to an ancient city in the Shephelah region of Judah, mentioned in the Old Testament. It was strategically important due to its location, often associated with battles, such as the one between David and Goliath.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The name Azekah is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'dug over' or 'tilled'.
G4561
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sah-RAH-ah
Translations: Zorah, Zoreah, Zareah
Notes: ΣΑΡΑΑ (Saraa) is a proper noun, referring to Zorah, a town in the Shephelah region of Judah, located in the tribal territory of Dan. It is mentioned in the Old Testament as the birthplace of Samson. It is used as a geographical reference point.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The name ΣΑΡΑΑ (Saraa) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name צָרְעָה (Tsor'ah), meaning 'hornet' or 'place of hornets'.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: AHL-dohn
Translations: Aldon
Notes: Aldon is a proper noun, referring to a specific place or city. It appears in ancient texts, often listed alongside other geographical locations. Its exact location or significance is not widely documented, suggesting it might be a less prominent settlement or a variant spelling of another name.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The etymology of Aldon is not clearly documented in Greek sources. It is likely a transliteration of a Semitic place name, as is common for geographical names in ancient texts like the Septuagint.
G5564
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KHEV-rone
Translations: Hebron
Notes: Hebron is a significant ancient city located in the Judean hills, south of Jerusalem. It is mentioned frequently in the Old Testament as a place where Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob lived and were buried. It also served as David's first capital before he moved to Jerusalem. The word refers specifically to this geographical location.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Genitive or Locative
Etymology: The name Hebron is of Hebrew origin, derived from the root HBR, meaning 'to join,' 'to unite,' or 'to be associated.' It is believed to refer to the city's role as a place of alliance or association.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G2448
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH
Translations: Judah, of Judah
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Judah, the fourth son of Jacob and Leah, from whom the tribe of Judah descended. It can also refer to the tribe itself, the territory occupied by the tribe, or the southern kingdom of Judah. It is used to identify a person, a lineage, or a geographical region.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Vocative, Accusative, or Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew Yehudah (יְהוּדָה), meaning 'praised'.
G3735
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: O-khoo-RO-sen
Translations: fortified, strengthened, made strong, secured
Notes: This word means to fortify, strengthen, or make secure. It is often used in the context of building or reinforcing defenses, such as cities, walls, or gates, to protect them from attack. It describes the action of making something robust and impregnable.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΝΙΣΧΥΩ, ΚΡΑΤΥΝΩ
Etymology: The word ὀχυρόω (ochyroo) comes from ὀχυρός (ochyros), meaning 'strong, firm, secure', which is related to ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have, hold'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OW-tas
Translations: them, themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun meaning 'them' or 'themselves'. It is used to refer to a group of feminine nouns or persons in the accusative case, indicating that they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can function as a simple pronoun or as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the subjects themselves.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΦΑΣ, ΣΦΕΑΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek pronoun that has been in use since classical times, referring to 'self' or 'same', and developing into a general third-person pronoun.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOH-ken
Translations: he gave, she gave, it gave, he has given, she has given, it has given
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didōmi), meaning 'to give'. It describes an action of giving that was completed in the past by a singular subject (he, she, or it). It is used to state a simple fact about a past event.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΔΩΡΕΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G2233
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun
Sounds like: hay-goo-MEH-noos
Translations: leaders, rulers, chiefs, governors, commanders, guides, a leader, a ruler
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'hegeomai', meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. It refers to those who are in a position of leadership, authority, or guidance. It can be translated as 'leaders', 'rulers', or 'chiefs', depending on the context. It is often used to describe those who have authority over a group of people, such as elders in a church or commanders in an army.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΣ, ΠΡΟΕΣΤΩΤΑΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΥΣ
Etymology: The word 'hegeomai' comes from the Greek root 'heg-', meaning 'to lead'. It is related to words like 'hodos' (way, path) and implies guiding along a path.
G3908
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-ra-THEH-sees
Translations: provisions, supplies, deposits, a deposit, a setting before
Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from the preposition παρά (para, meaning 'beside' or 'alongside') and the verb τίθημι (tithemi, meaning 'to place' or 'to set'). It generally refers to things that are set before someone, especially provisions or supplies, or something entrusted or deposited with someone. In the provided context, it clearly refers to provisions or supplies, particularly food.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΦΟΔΙΑ, ΣΙΤΙΑ, ΒΡΩΜΑΤΑ
Etymology: The word comes from the Greek preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside, alongside', and the noun θέσις (thesis), meaning 'a placing, setting', which itself is derived from the verb τίθημι (tithemi), 'to place, to set'. Thus, it literally means 'a placing alongside' or 'a setting before'.
G1035
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BRO-ma-ton
Translations: of food, of foods, of meat, of meats
Notes: This word refers to food or provisions in general. It is used to describe anything that is eaten. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of food' or 'belonging to food', and refers to multiple items of food.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΙΤΟΣ, ΤΡΟΦΗ, ΕΔΕΣΜΑ
Etymology: The word ΒΡΩΜΑ (broma) comes from the verb βιβρώσκω (bibrosko), meaning 'to eat'. It refers to that which is eaten.
G1637
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-LAH-ee-on
Translations: oil, an oil, olive oil, an olive oil
Notes: This word refers to oil, most commonly olive oil, which was a staple in ancient Mediterranean cultures. It was used for food, fuel for lamps, anointing, and medicinal purposes. It can be used in sentences to refer to the substance itself, such as 'they brought the oil' or 'the oil was scarce'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From an assumed root related to the olive tree. It is connected to the word for olive, 'ἘΛΑΙΑ' (ELAIA).
G3631
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-non
Translations: wine, a wine
Notes: This word refers to wine, a fermented beverage made from grapes. It can be used in various contexts, often appearing as the object of a verb, indicating something that is consumed or provided.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The word ΟἸΝΟΣ is of Pre-Greek origin, meaning it existed in the region before the arrival of the Greek language. It is related to similar words for wine in other Indo-European languages.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lin
Translations: city, a city
Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.
G2375
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thoo-REH-oos
Translations: shields
Notes: This word refers to a large, oblong shield, typically used by Roman soldiers. It was designed to cover the entire body, providing extensive protection during combat. It is often contrasted with smaller, rounder shields.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΣΠΙΔΕΣ, ΣΑΚΟΙ
G1389
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOR-ah-tah
Translations: spears, javelins
Notes: This word refers to spears or javelins, which are long, pointed weapons used for thrusting or throwing. It is typically used in contexts of warfare or hunting.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΟΓΧΑΙ, ΒΕΛΗ
G2729
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kat-is-KHOO-sen
Translations: prevailed, was strong, became strong, overpowered, overcame
Notes: This word means to be strong, to prevail, or to overcome. It implies gaining the upper hand or being victorious in a struggle or contest. It can be used to describe someone or something becoming powerful or overcoming an obstacle.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΝΙΚΑΩ
G4128
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-thoss
Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number
Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ
Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.
G4970
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: SFO-drah
Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, strongly, vehemently
Notes: This word is an adverb used to intensify the meaning of a verb, adjective, or another adverb. It indicates a high degree or intensity of the action or quality described, often translated as 'very much' or 'to a great extent'. It is used to emphasize the force or extent of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΛΙΑΝ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ
Etymology: From an unused root meaning 'to be vehement'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-sahn
Translations: they were, were
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates an action or state that was ongoing or habitual in the past, referring to a plural subject. It functions similarly to 'were' in English, describing the state or existence of multiple entities in a past context.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G3019
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: LEU-ee-tai
Translations: Levites, the Levites
Notes: This word refers to the Levites, members of the Hebrew tribe of Levi, who traditionally served as priests and assistants in the Temple. It is used to denote a group of these individuals.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
G2409
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hee-EH-race
Translations: priests
Notes: This word refers to individuals who perform sacred rites and offer sacrifices, acting as intermediaries between people and the divine. In ancient contexts, priests were often associated with temples and religious cults, responsible for maintaining religious traditions and rituals.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΟΙ, ΘΥΤΗΡΕΣ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tee
Translations: (to) all, (to) every, (to) each
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'each'. It is used to describe a noun, indicating that the quality or action applies to the entirety of something or to every individual member of a group. In this dative singular form, it often translates to 'to all', 'to every', or 'to each', depending on the context of the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G4863
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-EEKH-theh-san
Translations: they were gathered, they assembled, they came together
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to be gathered together or to assemble. It describes a group of people coming together in one place, often for a specific purpose or in response to an event. It is formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΝΤΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. It describes the action of bringing or leading things or people together.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tone
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) everyone, (of) everything, (of) the whole
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for a plural group, signifying 'of all' or 'belonging to all'. It can refer to people, things, or concepts, encompassing a complete set or totality.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G3725
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: o-REE-ohn
Translations: (of) boundaries, (of) borders, (of) limits, (of) regions
Notes: ΟΡΙΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the neuter noun ΟΡΙΟΝ. It refers to a boundary, border, or limit, often denoting the edge of a territory or a defined area. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or separation from multiple boundaries or regions.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΤΕΡΜΑ
G1459
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eng-ka-teh-LI-pon
Translations: I forsook, they forsook, I abandoned, they abandoned, I left behind, they left behind
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'egkataleipo', meaning to forsake, abandon, or leave behind. It is used to describe the act of deserting someone or something, often implying a sense of neglect or betrayal. In the provided examples, it is used in the aorist tense, indicating a completed action in the past, such as 'they forsook' or 'I forsook'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ἈΦΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΛΕΙΠΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G4638
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: skay-NOH-mah-tah
Translations: tabernacles, tents, dwellings, habitations, a dwelling place, a tent
Notes: This word refers to temporary dwellings or tents, often used in a religious context to refer to the tabernacle or a place of worship. It can also simply mean a dwelling place or habitation. It is the plural form of the noun.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΚΗΝΗ, ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G2697
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-tas-KHEH-seh-ohs
Translations: of possession, of holding, of occupation, of property, of a possession, of a holding, of an occupation, of property
Notes: This word refers to the act of holding, possessing, or occupying something, or the thing that is held or possessed itself, such as property or an inheritance. It is often used in contexts related to taking or having control over land or goods.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΤΗΣΕΩΣ, ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΙΑΣ
Etymology: From the verb κατασχέω (kataschéō), meaning 'to hold fast, to possess', which is formed from κατά (kata), meaning 'down, against', and ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have, to hold'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G4198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-por-YOO-thay-san
Translations: they went, they departed, they traveled, they walked
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to go', 'to depart', 'to travel', or 'to walk'. It describes the act of moving from one place to another. The form 'ἘΠΟΡΕΥΘΗΣΑΝ' indicates that the action was completed in the past by a group of people (third person plural). It is often used to describe a journey or a movement towards a destination.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word πορεύομαι (poreuomai) comes from the Greek word πόρος (poros), meaning 'a way' or 'a passage'. It signifies movement along a path or route.
G1544
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-EB-al-len
Translations: cast out, throw out, drive out, expel, send out, bring forth
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. Together, it means to throw out, cast out, drive out, or expel. It is often used in contexts of expelling demons, driving people out of a place, or sending someone away.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΚΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΩΘΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-OY
Translations: sons, children
Notes: This word refers to male offspring, or more broadly, to descendants or followers. It is the plural form of 'son' and is commonly used to denote a group of male individuals related by birth or by a shared characteristic, such as 'sons of Israel' or 'sons of God'. It can also be used metaphorically.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ
G3008
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: lay-too-er-GEIN
Translations: to minister, to serve, to perform public service, to worship
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΕΩ. It means to perform a service, especially a public or sacred one. It is often used in the context of religious service or ministry, such as serving God or performing priestly duties. It is a compound word derived from 'λαός' (people) and 'ἔργον' (work), literally meaning 'to do work for the people'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΕΩ, ΔΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OH
Translations: to the Lord, for the Lord, to the master, for the master, to an owner, for an owner
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, meaning 'Lord,' 'master,' or 'owner.' In the dative case, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, the recipient, or the beneficiary. It is commonly used in religious contexts to refer to God or Jesus Christ, but can also refer to a human master or owner. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'to give thanks to the Lord' or 'to serve the master.'
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G2525
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tes-TEE-sen
Translations: appointed, established, set, made, put, constituted
Notes: This word means to appoint, establish, set, or constitute. It is often used to describe the act of placing someone in a position of authority or responsibility, or to firmly establish something. It can also mean to make or render something to be in a certain state.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
G5308
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hoop-see-LOHN
Translations: of high, of lofty, of exalted, of tall
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'high', 'lofty', 'tall', or 'exalted'. It can refer to physical height, such as high mountains or walls, or to a position of importance or status, such as high officials or exalted things. As an adjective, it modifies a noun and agrees with it in gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΜΕΓΑΣ, ΕΞΟΧΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G1497
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-DOH-loys
Translations: (to) idols, (to) images, (to) false gods
Notes: This word refers to images or representations, often of deities, which are worshipped as gods. It can also refer to the false gods themselves or the concept of idolatry. In the provided context, it is used in the dative case, indicating the recipient or object of an action, such as 'to' or 'in relation to' idols.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΔΕΛΥΓΜΑΤΑ, ΑΓΑΛΜΑΤΑ
G3152
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: mah-TAH-ee-oys
Translations: vain, empty, futile, useless, worthless, foolish
Notes: This word describes something that is empty, without substance, or lacking purpose or value. It can refer to things that are futile or ineffective, or to people who are foolish or given to empty pursuits. In this inflected form, it is used to describe multiple entities that possess these qualities.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΕΝΟΣ, ΑΝΩΦΕΛΗΣ, ΑΧΡΕΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word "ΜΑΤΑΙΟΣ" is derived from the Greek word "μάτην" (matēn), meaning "in vain" or "to no purpose." It describes something that is empty or without substance.
G3448
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MOS-khoys
Translations: to calves, for calves, to young bulls, for young bulls, calves, young bulls
Notes: This word refers to young cattle, specifically calves or young bulls. It is used in contexts relating to livestock, sacrifices, or idolatry involving animal figures. As a dative plural, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' calves/young bulls.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΟΕΣ, ΤΑΥΡΟΙ
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix
Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)
Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-
Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).
Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.
Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-POY-ee-sen
Translations: he made, he did, she made, she did, it made, it did
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It describes an action completed in the past. It can be used in a wide range of contexts, from creating something (like God making the sea) to performing an action (like someone doing something for themselves).
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G1544
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-EH-bah-len
Translations: he cast out, he threw out, he drove out, he sent out, he expelled
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb ἐκβάλλω (ekballō), which means to cast out, throw out, drive out, or send out. It describes the action of forcefully removing someone or something from a place, position, or state. It can be used in various contexts, such as expelling demons, sending out workers, or throwing something away.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΕΞΑΓΩ, ΕΚΠΕΜΠΩ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G5443
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FY-lon
Translations: of tribes, tribes
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'φυλή' (phylē), meaning 'tribe' or 'clan'. It refers to a group of people descended from a common ancestor or sharing a common origin, often used in the context of the twelve tribes of Israel or other ethnic divisions. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to tribes' or 'from tribes'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΗΜΩΝ, ΓΕΝΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'φυλή' (phylē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰuH- meaning 'to be, to grow'. It originally referred to a growth or shoot, and later evolved to mean a clan or tribe, indicating a group that has grown together or sprung from a common origin.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOH-kahn
Translations: they gave, they did give
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they gave' or 'they did give'. It describes an action of giving that occurred in the past. It is typically used when referring to multiple subjects who performed the act of giving.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΑΝ, ΕΔΩΚΑΝ
Etymology: The root word δίδωμι (didōmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, common in ancient Greek verbs.
G2588
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-DEE-an
Translations: heart, a heart
Notes: This word refers to the physical organ, the heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of a person's being, including their thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used metaphorically to represent the inner self or the core of one's personality. It can be used in contexts like 'to set in one's heart' meaning to ponder or decide, or 'to speak to one's heart' meaning to comfort or encourage.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G2212
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: zee-TAY-sai
Translations: to seek, to search, to inquire, to desire, to try
Notes: This word means to seek, search for, or inquire about something or someone. It can also mean to desire or to try to do something. It is often used with an object to indicate what is being sought or inquired about.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΚΖΗΤΕΩ, ΕΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-on
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner
Notes: This word means 'Lord,' 'master,' or 'owner.' It is frequently used in ancient Greek texts, including the New Testament, to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or to a human master or owner. As an accusative singular form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, indicating 'the Lord' or 'a Lord' as the recipient of an action.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-ON
Translations: God, a God
Notes: This word refers to God, a god, or a deity. It is used as the direct object in a sentence, indicating the recipient of an action or the one being referred to. For example, one might 'worship God' (where 'God' would be in the accusative case).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EEL-thon
Translations: they came, I came, he came, she came, it came
Notes: This word is an aorist active indicative form of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action that happened in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be used for the 1st person singular ('I came') or the 3rd person plural ('they came'), and sometimes 3rd person singular ('he/she/it came') depending on context and subject agreement.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G2380
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Part of Speech: Verb, Noun
Sounds like: thoo-SAI
Translations: to sacrifice, to offer, to kill (for sacrifice)
Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive, meaning 'to sacrifice' or 'to offer a sacrifice'. It refers to the act of presenting an offering, often an animal, to a deity. It can also mean to kill an animal specifically for the purpose of sacrifice. It is used to express the purpose or result of an action, similar to 'in order to sacrifice' or 'for sacrificing'.
Inflection: Aorist Active Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΑΝΑΦΕΡΩ
Etymology: From a primary verb, probably akin to the root of Latin 'fumus' (smoke), suggesting an original meaning related to burning offerings.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oh
Translations: (to) God, (for) God, a God
Notes: This is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. It refers to the supreme being in a monotheistic context, or to a deity in a polytheistic context. When used in the dative case, it typically indicates the recipient of an action or the one for whom something is done, hence 'to God' or 'for God'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
G3962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-TEH-rohn
Translations: of fathers, of parents, of ancestors
Notes: This word refers to the male parent or ancestor. In its genitive plural form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to fathers' or 'from fathers'. It can be used to refer to physical fathers, but also to forefathers, ancestors, or even spiritual fathers.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΠΑΤΟΡΕΣ, ΓΟΝΕΙΣ
G2729
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kat-is-KHOO-san
Translations: prevailed, they prevailed, they were strong, they were able
Notes: This word describes the act of prevailing, overcoming, or being strong and able to do something. It implies a successful exertion of power or influence over another, often in a conflict or challenge. It is used to indicate that a group of people gained the upper hand or achieved dominance.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΙΣΧΥΩ
Etymology: From κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and ἰσχύω (ischyō), meaning 'to be strong' or 'to have power'. The compound verb thus means 'to be strong against' or 'to prevail'.
G2094
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-tee
Translations: years
Notes: This word refers to a period of twelve months, commonly known as a year. It is used in the plural form to denote multiple years, often in contexts describing duration or age.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΙ, ΚΑΙΡΟΙ
G5140
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: TREE-ah
Translations: three
Notes: This word is a numeral meaning 'three'. It is used to indicate a quantity of three of something. In Koine Greek, numbers often inflect for gender, case, and number, and 'τρία' is the neuter plural form of the number three, used for neuter nouns in the nominative or accusative case.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'three'.
G4198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-por-YOO-thay
Translations: he went, she went, it went, he departed, she departed, it departed, he traveled, she traveled, it traveled
Notes: This verb describes the action of going, traveling, or departing. It is in the aorist tense, indicating a completed action in the past, often translated as 'he/she/it went' or 'he/she/it departed'. It is used to describe movement from one place to another.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G3598
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oh-DOYS
Translations: (to) roads, (to) ways, (to) paths, (to) journeys, (to) courses, (to) customs
Notes: This word is a noun referring to a road, path, or way. It can also metaphorically refer to a journey, a course of action, or a way of life. In its dative plural form, as seen here, it often indicates the location 'in' or 'on' roads/ways, or the recipient 'to' or 'for' roads/ways.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΙ, ΠΑΡΟΔΟΙ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑΙ
G1138
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: DAH-oo-eis
Translations: David, of David
Notes: This is the Koine Greek form of the Hebrew proper name 'David'. David was a significant king of Israel, known for his role in the Old Testament. The word is used to refer to the person David.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-LAH-ben
Translations: he took, she took, it took, he received, she received, it received
Notes: This is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used to describe someone taking an object, receiving something, or even grasping an idea.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ah-TOH
Translations: (to) himself, (for) himself, (to) herself, (for) herself, (to) itself, (for) itself, (to) themselves, (for) themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the clause. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject itself. It can be used for singular or plural subjects, and its specific meaning (himself, herself, itself, themselves) depends on the gender and number of the subject it refers to. In this dative form, it often conveys the sense of 'to' or 'for' the subject.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G1135
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: goo-NAI-kah
Translations: woman, a woman, wife, a wife
Notes: This word refers to a female human being, an adult woman, or a wife. It is used to denote a woman in general or specifically a married woman in relation to her husband. In the provided examples, it is used in the plural form 'γυναίκας' meaning 'women' or 'wives'.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: MOL-lath
Translations: Mollath
Notes: This is a proper noun, specifically a feminine personal name. It refers to an individual named Mollath, as seen in genealogical or historical contexts, such as identifying a wife or daughter.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The etymology of this specific name is not clearly documented in Greek sources. It appears to be a transliteration of a foreign, likely Hebrew, name into Greek.
G2364
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thoo-ga-TEH-ra
Translations: daughter, a daughter
Notes: This word refers to a female child in relation to her parents. It is a common noun used to denote a daughter. It can be used in sentences where a direct object is needed, such as 'he saw his daughter'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G2417
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-eh-ree-MOOTH
Translations: Jerimoth
Notes: This is a proper noun, specifically a male personal name of Hebrew origin. It refers to a person named Jerimoth, who is mentioned in the Old Testament as a son of David.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name Jerimoth is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name יְרִימוֹת (Yerimoth), meaning 'heights' or 'elevations'.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-OO
Translations: of a son, of son, of the son
Notes: This word refers to a male offspring or descendant. It is commonly used to denote a son, but can also refer to a male child in general, or even a descendant in a broader sense, such as 'sons of Israel' meaning the people of Israel. In this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ
G1138
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: dah-oo-EED
Translations: David
Notes: This is the Greek form of the Hebrew name David, who was the second king of the United Kingdom of Israel and Judah. He is a central figure in the Old Testament and is often referred to as 'the son of Jesse'. The name is used to refer to the historical figure.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The name Δαυείδ (Daueid) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name דָּוִד (Dawid), meaning 'beloved' or 'uncle'.
G0902
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: bah-ee-AHN
Translations: small, little, a little, short
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'small' or 'little'. It describes something that is limited in size, quantity, or duration. It can be used to refer to a small amount of something, or to a short period of time. In the provided context, it seems to refer to 'sons of Baian', which might imply a specific group or a small number of sons, or perhaps a proper name. However, the primary meaning of the adjective is 'small' or 'little'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΟΛΙΓΟΣ
Etymology: The etymology of ΒΑΙΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin.
G1663
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: eh-lee-AHN
Translations: Eliam, Elian
Notes: This is a proper noun, a transliteration of a Hebrew personal name. It refers to a specific individual, such as Eliam, the father of Bathsheba, or Elian, a son of Shimhi. As a proper noun, it is used to identify a particular person.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: This word is a transliteration of a Hebrew name, meaning 'God of the people' or 'God is my kinsman'. It is derived from the Hebrew elements 'El' (God) and 'am' (people/kinsman).
G2421
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ESS-sahee
Translations: Jesse
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Jesse, the father of King David in the Old Testament. It is used to identify this specific individual in genealogical accounts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יִשַׁי (Yishai), meaning 'gift' or 'God exists'.
G5088
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-teh-ken
Translations: she bore, he bore, it bore, she gave birth, he gave birth, it gave birth
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to bear' or 'to give birth'. It is used to describe the act of a female bringing forth offspring. It can be used in sentences like 'She bore a son' or 'The woman gave birth to a child'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΑΩ, ΦΕΡΩ
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: Hwee-OOS
Translations: sons, children
Notes: This word refers to male offspring, or more broadly, to children or descendants. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating that the 'sons' are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ah-OOTH
Translations: Iaouth
Notes: This word is a proper noun, specifically a masculine personal name. It appears in ancient texts as the name of an individual, often a son or a male descendant. Its usage is straightforward, functioning as the subject or object of a sentence, much like any other name.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The etymology of this specific name is not clearly documented in standard lexicons. It may be a transliteration of a non-Greek name or a less common variant.
G4540
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sah-mah-REE-ahn
Translations: Samaria
Notes: This word refers to Samaria, a historical and biblical region in ancient Palestine, located between Judea and Galilee. It was also the name of the capital city of the northern kingdom of Israel. The word is typically used to denote the geographical region or the city itself.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The name 'Samaria' is derived from the Hebrew 'Shomron', which means 'watch-mountain' or 'watch-tower'. It was named after Shemer, who sold the hill to King Omri of Israel.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: roh-OHL-lahm
Translations: Roollam
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a personal name. It is not a standard Koine Greek word found in lexicons and may be a transliteration of a foreign name, possibly Hebrew or Aramaic, into Greek script. Given the context, it functions as a name in a list of sons.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: This word is likely a transliteration of a foreign name into Greek. Its precise etymology is not readily available in Greek sources.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G3189
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: MAH-ah-khah
Translations: Maacah, Maachah
Notes: This is a proper noun, specifically a feminine personal name. It refers to several individuals in the Old Testament, often a queen or a mother of a king. It is used to identify a specific person.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is of Hebrew origin (מַעֲכָה, Maʿăḵāh), meaning 'oppression' or 'pressing down'. It was transliterated into Greek.
G0009
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-bes-sah-LOHM
Translations: Absalom
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Absalom, the third son of King David, known for his beauty and his rebellion against his father. It is used to identify this specific individual in historical and biblical texts.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew 'Avshalom (אַבְשָׁלוֹם), meaning 'father of peace' or 'my father is peace'.
G0007
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-BEE-ah
Translations: Abia, Abijah
Notes: Abia is a proper noun, referring to a person's name. It is the Greek form of the Hebrew name Abijah, which means 'my father is Yahweh' or 'Yahweh is father'. It appears in various contexts in the Bible, referring to different individuals, including a queen, a priest, and a son of Samuel.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine
Etymology: From Hebrew 'Abiyah (אֲבִיָּה), meaning 'my father is Yahweh'.
G2489
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ETH-thay
Translations: Ithtai, Ithai
Notes: This is a proper noun, specifically a masculine personal name. It refers to a man named Ithtai or Ithai, who was one of David's mighty men, a Gittite who remained loyal to David during Absalom's rebellion.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name "Ieththei" is a transliteration of the Hebrew name "Ittay" (אִתַּי), meaning "with me" or "my companion."
G2205
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: DZAY-zah
Translations: Zeiza
Notes: Zeiza is a masculine proper noun, referring to a specific individual. It is used to identify a person by name, similar to how proper nouns function in English.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The etymology of Zeiza is uncertain, but it is likely of Hebrew origin, possibly related to the Hebrew name Ziza (זִיזָא).
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: EM-moth
Translations: Emmoth
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a personal name or a place name. It is not a common Greek word and does not have a clear meaning in Koine Greek. Given the context of the example usage, which lists other proper names, it is highly probable that 'Emmoth' is a name.
Inflection: Does not inflect
G0025
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-gah-PEH-sen
Translations: loved, he loved, she loved, it loved
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to love' or 'to have affection for'. In this specific form, it indicates an action of loving that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is used when referring to a singular subject (he, she, or it) who performed the action of loving.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΈΩ, ἘΡΆΩ
H4601
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: mah-AH-khan
Translations: Maacah
Notes: Maacah is a proper noun, referring to a female personal name. It is often transliterated from the Hebrew name Ma'akah. In the provided context, it refers to the daughter of Absalom, who was loved by Rehoboam.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The name Maacah is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'to press' or 'to squeeze'. It appears frequently in the Old Testament, referring to several different individuals.
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sas
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or entirety of something. In the provided examples, it modifies feminine plural nouns, indicating 'all' of those nouns. For instance, 'ΠΑΣΑΣ ΤΑΣ ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑΣ ΥΜΩΝ' means 'all your sins'.
Inflection: Feminine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G1135
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: goo-NAI-kas
Translations: women, wives, a woman, a wife
Notes: This word refers to women in general, or specifically to wives. It is the plural form of 'woman' or 'wife' and is used when referring to multiple females or spouses. It often appears as the direct object of a verb, indicating that women or wives are receiving the action.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
G3816
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pal-LA-kas
Translations: concubine, a concubine
Notes: This word refers to a concubine, a woman who lives with a man but has lower status than a wife, often without full legal rights or social standing. In ancient contexts, concubines were common, especially among powerful men, and their children might have different inheritance rights than those of a legal wife. The word is used to describe such a woman in a household.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΛΛΑΚΙΣ
Etymology: The word is of uncertain origin, possibly from a non-Greek source or related to words meaning 'young woman' or 'maiden'.
G1176
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: DEH-kah
Translations: ten
Notes: This word means 'ten' and is used to denote the number 10. It is an indeclinable numeral, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number in a sentence. It can be used to count objects or refer to a quantity of ten.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar words for 'ten' in other Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: OK-toh
Translations: eight
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'eight'. It is used to indicate a quantity of eight of something. It is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of the gender, number, or case of the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'eight'. It is cognate with English 'eight' and Latin 'octo'.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EE-khen
Translations: he had, she had, it had, he was having, she was having, it was having
Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone or something possessed or held something over a period of time.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
G5144
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: tree-AH-kon-tah
Translations: thirty
Notes: This word means 'thirty' and is used to denote the number 30. It functions as an indeclinable numeral, meaning its form does not change regardless of the gender, case, or number of the noun it modifies. It is typically used to quantify nouns, indicating a quantity of thirty units.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From τρεῖς (treis, “three”) and a suffix related to -κοντα (-konta, “-ty”), indicating multiples of ten. It is cognate with Latin triginta and English thirty.
G1080
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GEN-nee-sen
Translations: begot, gave birth to, fathered, bore, produced
Notes: This verb means to beget, to give birth to, or to produce. It is commonly used in genealogies to indicate that one person was the parent of another. It can also refer to the general act of producing or bringing something into existence.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΤΙΚΤΩ, ΦΥΩ
Etymology: The word comes from the Greek root 'genos', meaning 'race, stock, kin'. It is related to words concerning origin, birth, and family.
G1501
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: EYE-koh-see
Translations: twenty
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'twenty'. It is used to indicate a quantity of twenty units and is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change based on gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *wikm̥ti, meaning 'twenty'. It is related to Latin viginti and Sanskrit viṃśati.
G2364
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thoo-ga-TEH-ras
Translations: daughters
Notes: This word refers to female offspring. It is used in the plural form, typically as the direct object of a verb or after prepositions that take the accusative case.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine
G1835
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: ex-AY-kon-tah
Translations: sixty
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'sixty'. It is used to indicate a quantity of sixty units. It typically remains uninflected in Koine Greek, functioning as an indeclinable numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἑξήκοντα (hexḗkonta), from ἕξ (héx, “six”) + -κοντα (-konta, “-ty”).
G0758
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AR-khon-tah
Translations: ruler, a ruler, leader, a leader, prince, a prince, official, an official
Notes: This word refers to a person in a position of authority, such as a ruler, leader, or official. It is used to describe someone who holds power or has a leading role in a community or government. It can be used in various contexts to denote a person of high rank or influence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ
G2233
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: hay-goo-MEH-non
Translations: leading, ruling, governing, a leader, a ruler, a governor, a chief, a commander, a guide
Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb 'ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ' (hegeomai), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. As a participle, it can function as an adjective, describing someone or something that is leading, or as a noun, referring to 'a leader' or 'a ruler'. It denotes someone in a position of authority or guidance, often implying a person who goes before others or directs them.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΕΣΤΩΣ
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOYS
Translations: to brothers, to brethren, to fellow countrymen, to fellow believers
Notes: This word refers to brothers, both literal siblings and, more broadly, fellow members of a community, nation, or faith. It is often used in a figurative sense to denote close associates or fellow believers, emphasizing a bond of kinship or shared identity. In this dative plural form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to or for brothers/brethren'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΕΚΝΟΙΣ, ΟΜΟΓΕΝΕΣΙΝ
G0936
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-sai
Translations: to reign, to rule, to be king, to become king
Notes: This word means 'to reign' or 'to rule as a king'. It describes the act of exercising royal authority or holding a position of sovereignty. It can be used in contexts referring to a literal king ruling over a kingdom, or metaphorically to describe someone or something having dominion or control.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ
G1271
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eh-NO-ee-toh
Translations: was intending, was purposing, was thinking, was considering
Notes: This word is the imperfect form of the verb 'διανοέω', meaning 'to intend', 'to purpose', 'to think', or 'to consider'. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (through, thoroughly) and 'νοέω' (to perceive, to think). It describes an ongoing or continuous mental process of planning or deliberating.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ, ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G0837
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-OOX-thay
Translations: was increased, was grown, was made great, was magnified, was prospered
Notes: This word is the aorist indicative passive third person singular form of the verb 'αὔξω' (auxō), meaning 'to increase' or 'to grow'. In this passive form, it describes something that was caused to grow or increase, or that grew by itself. It is used to indicate a past action where the subject experienced growth, enlargement, or prosperity.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΥΝΩ, ΜΕΓΑΛΥΝΩ
Etymology: The word αὔξω (auxō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to grow' or 'to increase'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of growth or augmentation.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: pah-RAH
Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tas
Translations: all, every, everyone, the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality of something or someone. In this form, it is used for masculine nouns in the accusative plural, meaning 'all (of them)' or 'everyone'. It can also be used substantively to refer to 'all people' or 'everyone'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sin
Translations: to all, for all, with all, by all, in all
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness, often modifying a noun to show that something applies to every member of a group or every part of a whole. In this dative plural form, it typically translates as 'to all', 'for all', 'with all', or 'in all', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3725
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HO-ree-oys
Translations: boundaries, borders, regions, territories, limits
Notes: This word refers to the boundaries, borders, or limits of a place or region. It can also denote the territory or region itself that is defined by these boundaries. It is often used in a geographical sense to describe the extent of a land or area.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΤΑ, ΤΕΡΜΑΤΑ, ΚΛΗΡΟΙ
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PO-le-sin
Translations: to cities, for cities, in cities, among cities
Notes: This word refers to a city or a town. In this form, it is used to indicate the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'in', or 'among', indicating location or direction towards multiple cities.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΣΤΥ, ΚΩΜΗ
G3735
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: okh-y-RAIS
Translations: strong, fortified, a strong, a fortified
Notes: This word describes something that is strong, firm, or fortified, often referring to places like cities or walls that are made secure against attack. It is used to indicate a place that is well-defended or difficult to overcome.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΑΣΦΑΛΗΣ
Etymology: The word ὀχυρός (ochyros) comes from the Greek verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have, hold, possess', implying something that holds firm or is held securely.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TAIS
Translations: (to) them, (for) them, (with) them, (by) them
Notes: This word is a third-person personal pronoun, specifically the dative plural feminine form. It means 'to them,' 'for them,' 'with them,' or 'by them,' referring to a group of feminine nouns or persons. It indicates the indirect object or the means/instrument of an action.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G5160
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tro-FAS
Translations: food, nourishment, provisions, a meal
Notes: This word refers to food or nourishment, that which sustains life. It can also refer to provisions in general or a specific meal. It is used in contexts where sustenance is provided or consumed.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΙΤΟΣ, ΒΡΩΜΑ, ΕΔΕΣΜΑ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: PO-loo
Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot
Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.
G0154
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-TAY-sah-toh
Translations: he asked, he requested, he begged
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to ask,' 'to request,' or 'to beg.' It is used when someone makes a petition or seeks something from another person. In this form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past by a single individual.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ
G1135
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: goo-nai-KOHN
Translations: of women, women
Notes: This word refers to women in general, or specifically to wives. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of women'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΗΛΕΙΑΙ, ΘΥΓΑΤΕΡΕΣ
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