Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Twelve Disciples / The Didache / Chapter 2The Didache, Chapter 2
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G1208
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: dehf-TEH-rah
Translations: second, a second, the second
Notes: This word means 'second' and is the feminine singular form of the adjective 'δεύτερος'. It can be used to describe something as being in the second position or order. It is often used substantively, meaning 'the second one' (referring to a feminine noun) or 'the second thing'. It can also refer to the second day of the week, Monday.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'δευτέρα' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to follow' or 'to yield'. It is related to the concept of being next in sequence.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G1785
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: en-toh-LEE
Translations: commandment, a commandment, command, an order, instruction, a precept
Notes: This word refers to a command, an order, or an instruction, often with a sense of divine or authoritative decree. It is frequently used in religious contexts to denote a divine law or precept that must be obeyed. It can be used in sentences like 'He gave a commandment' or 'They kept the commandments.'
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΔΙΑΤΑΓΗ, ΝΟΜΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐντολή (entolḗ, “command, order”), from ἐντέλλω (entéllō, “I command, enjoin”), from ἐν (en, “in”) + τέλλω (téllō, “I accomplish, perform”).
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G1322
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: di-DA-khees
Translations: of teaching, of doctrine, of instruction, a teaching, a doctrine, an instruction
Notes: This word refers to teaching, instruction, or doctrine. It is used to describe the act of teaching, the content that is taught, or a body of instruction. In this inflected form, it is in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ, ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΠΑΙΔΕΙΑ
Etymology: From the Greek verb διδάσκω (didaskō), meaning 'to teach'.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G5407
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: foh-NEV-sees
Translations: you shall murder, you will murder, you shall kill, you will kill
Notes: This word means 'to murder' or 'to kill'. It is used in the future tense, indicating an action that will happen or a command that must be followed. It often appears in prohibitions, such as 'You shall not murder'.
Inflection: Future Active Indicative, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ
G3431
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: moy-KHEV-sees
Translations: you shall commit adultery, you will commit adultery
Notes: This word means "you shall commit adultery" or "you will commit adultery." It is a future tense verb, indicating an action that will happen or a command for what should not happen in the future. It is often used in the context of moral laws or commandments, such as "You shall not commit adultery."
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: py-doh-fthor-AY-sace
Translations: you will corrupt children, you will defile children, you will abuse children
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to corrupt or defile children'. It refers to the act of harming or morally corrupting a child, often with sexual connotations. In a sentence, it would be used to state that someone will commit such an act.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
G4203
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: por-NEH-oo-sace
Translations: you will commit sexual immorality, you will commit fornication, you will prostitute yourself
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to commit sexual immorality, fornication, or to prostitute oneself. It refers to any illicit sexual intercourse, often outside of marriage. It is used in a general sense to prohibit such actions.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΜΟΙΧΕΥΩ, ΑΣΕΛΓΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΠΟΡΝΕΥΩ (porneuo) is derived from the noun ΠΟΡΝΗ (porne), meaning 'prostitute' or 'harlot'.
G2813
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: KLEP-sis
Translations: you will steal, you shall steal
Notes: This word is a verb meaning "to steal" or "to pilfer." It is used to describe the act of taking something that does not belong to you without permission. In the provided context, it appears in the future tense, often used in commandments or prohibitions, such as "you shall not steal."
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΛΗΣΤΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word κλέπτω (kleptō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *klep-, meaning "to steal."
G3096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mah-GHEV-sees
Translations: you will practice magic, you will be a sorcerer, you will bewitch
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to practice magic, sorcery, or enchantment. It refers to the act of using supernatural powers or spells. In this form, it is a future tense verb, indicating an action that will happen in the future, specifically addressed to a single person.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΦΑΡΜΑΚΕΥΩ
G5331
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: far-ma-KYOO-sace
Translations: you will practice sorcery, you will use magic, you will administer drugs, you will poison
Notes: This word describes the act of practicing sorcery, using magic, or administering drugs, often with harmful intent like poisoning. It can also refer to the use of potions or charms. In a sentence, it would typically be used to forbid or describe such actions.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΜΑΓΕΥΩ, ΓΟΗΤΕΥΩ
G5043
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEK-non
Translations: child, a child, son, a son, daughter, a daughter, offspring
Notes: This word is almost certainly a misspelling or typo for ΤΕΚΝΟΝ (teknon), which means 'child' or 'offspring'. It refers to a descendant, whether male or female, and can be used literally for one's own children or figuratively for spiritual children or followers. It is commonly used in sentences like 'He loves his child' or 'They are children of God'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΥΙΟΣ, ΘΥΓΑΤΗΡ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G5356
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: phtho-RAH
Translations: corruption, destruction, decay, ruin, a corruption, a destruction
Notes: ΦΘΟΡΑ refers to the process of decay, ruin, or destruction, often implying a state of moral or physical deterioration. It describes the perishing of something, whether it's a physical object, a living being, or a moral quality. It is used to denote the opposite of incorruption or immortality.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΩΛΕΙΑ, ΔΙΑΦΘΟΡΑ
G3761
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: oo-DEH
Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ
Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).
G1080
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: gen-NAY-then
Translations: having been born, begotten, generated, produced
Notes: This word is a passive participle derived from the verb 'gennaō', meaning 'to beget' or 'to give birth'. As a participle, it describes something that has undergone the action of being born or begotten. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used adverbially to describe the circumstances of an action. For example, it could refer to 'the one who was born' or 'things that have been produced'.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΠΟΙΕΩ, ΤΙΚΤΩ
G0615
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pok-teh-NEH-ees
Translations: you will kill, you kill, you slay, you murder
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to kill', 'to slay', or 'to murder'. It is used to describe the act of taking a life. In this form, it indicates an action performed by 'you' (singular). It can refer to a future action (you will kill) or a general present action (you kill).
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΦΟΝΕΥΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G1937
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-thyoo-MEE-sace
Translations: you shall covet, you shall desire, you shall long for
Notes: This word means to strongly desire, covet, or long for something. It often carries a negative connotation, implying an illicit or excessive desire, as seen in its use in commandments against coveting. It is used to express a strong inclination or yearning towards something, whether good or bad.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΟΡΕΓΟΜΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G4139
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-see-on
Translations: near, nearby, neighbor, a neighbor, one's neighbor
Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'near' or 'nearby', indicating proximity in space or time. It can also be used substantively as a noun, typically in the neuter singular, to refer to 'one's neighbor' or 'the person next to you'. When used as a noun, it often refers to a fellow human being, emphasizing a relationship of proximity or community.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular (when used substantively as a noun)
Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ
G1964
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-or-KAY-sace
Translations: you shall swear falsely, you shall perjure yourself
Notes: This word means to swear falsely, to commit perjury, or to break an oath. It is used to describe the act of making a promise or taking an oath and then intentionally failing to uphold it, often in a legal or religious context. It implies a deliberate deception or betrayal of a sworn commitment.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΜΝΥΜΙ ΨΕΥΔΩΣ, ΨΕΥΔΟΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ
G5576
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: psyoo-doh-mar-too-RAY-sace
Translations: you will bear false witness, you shall bear false witness
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to bear false witness' or 'to give false testimony'. It is formed from 'ψεῦδος' (falsehood) and 'μαρτυρέω' (to bear witness). It is typically used in legal or ethical contexts, often in prohibitions against lying under oath or providing untrue statements about others.
Inflection: Future Indicative, Active, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΟΡΚΕΩ, ΨΕΥΔΟΛΟΓΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΨΕΥΔΟΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ is a compound of two Greek words: ΨΕΥΔΟΣ (pseudos), meaning 'falsehood' or 'lie', and ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ (martyreō), meaning 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'.
G2551
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-koh-loh-GAY-sees
Translations: you will speak evil, you will revile, you will curse, you will slander
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to speak evil of someone, to revile, curse, or slander. It implies speaking in a malicious or abusive way about another person. It is used in future tense, indicating an action that will happen.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΒΛΑΣΦΗΜΕΩ, ΛΟΙΔΟΡΕΩ
G3415
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mnee-see-ka-KAY-sees
Translations: you will bear a grudge, you will remember evil, you will harbor resentment
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'μνήμη' (memory) and 'κακός' (evil). It means to remember evil or to bear a grudge against someone, holding onto past wrongs. It describes the act of retaining resentment or ill-will over time, rather than forgiving or forgetting. It is used to describe a future action, indicating that someone will engage in this behavior.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΜΝΗΣΙΚΑΚΙΑ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-see
Translations: you will be
Notes: This word is a form of the verb "to be" in Koine Greek. It indicates a future state or existence for a single person being addressed. For example, it can be used in sentences like "you will be happy" or "you will be there."
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice (deponent)
Etymology: The verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to be" or "to exist." It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language and has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: dee-GNO-mone
Translations: double-minded, wavering, irresolute, hesitant, of two opinions
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'δι-' (di-), meaning 'two' or 'double', and 'γνώμων' (gnomon), meaning 'mind' or 'judgment'. It describes someone who has two minds or opinions, leading to indecision or inconsistency. It is used to characterize a person who is unstable in their thoughts or beliefs, often implying a lack of steadfastness or sincerity.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΨΥΧΟΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΤΟΣ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the prefix 'δι-' (di-), meaning 'two' or 'double', and 'γνώμων' (gnomon), which refers to a 'judge', 'discerner', or 'mind'. The combination describes a state of having two judgments or minds.
G1351
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: dee-GLOHS-sos
Translations: double-tongued, deceitful, insincere, a double-tongued person
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'δις' (dis), meaning 'twice' or 'double', and 'γλῶσσα' (glossa), meaning 'tongue' or 'language'. It describes someone who speaks with two tongues, implying deceit, insincerity, or duplicity. It is often used to characterize a person who says one thing to one person and another thing to someone else, or whose words do not match their true intentions.
Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular or Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΨΥΧΟΣ, ΑΝΕΙΛΙΚΡΙΝΗΣ, ΔΟΛΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek prefix 'δι-' (di-), meaning 'two' or 'double', and 'γλῶσσα' (glossa), meaning 'tongue' or 'language'. It literally means 'two-tongued'.
G3803
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PAH-gees
Translations: snare, a snare, trap, a trap, net, a net
Notes: This word refers to a snare or a trap, typically used for catching birds or animals. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a deceptive or dangerous situation that entraps someone, such as a temptation or a plot. It is often used in contexts related to danger, deception, or judgment.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΓΙΔΑ, ΘΗΡΑ
Etymology: From the root *πηγνυμι (pēgnymi), meaning 'to fix, fasten, or make firm,' referring to something that is fixed or set to catch.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G2288
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAH-nah-TOO
Translations: (of) death, (of) a death
Notes: This word refers to the state of being dead, the cessation of life, or the end of existence. It is often used to describe physical death, but can also refer to spiritual death or separation. In a sentence, it would typically indicate possession or origin, such as 'the power of death' or 'delivered from death'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΗΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to die'.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G1361
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-GLOHS-see-ah
Translations: double-tonguedness, deceit, duplicity, slander, a double-tonguedness
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'δις' (twice) and 'γλῶσσα' (tongue, language). It refers to the quality of being double-tongued, meaning speaking with deceit or duplicity, saying one thing to one person and another to someone else, or being insincere. It implies a lack of straightforwardness and can also refer to slander or malicious gossip.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΠΛΟΚΑΡΔΙΑ, ΔΙΨΥΧΙΑ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek prefix 'δις' (dis), meaning 'twice' or 'double', and 'γλῶσσα' (glōssa), meaning 'tongue' or 'language'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tai
Translations: will be, shall be, there will be
Notes: This is the third person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates that something 'will be' or 'shall be' in the future. It can refer to a person (he/she/it will be) or an impersonal existence (there will be).
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-goss
Translations: word, a word, reason, a reason, account, an account, speech, a speech, message, a message, report, a report, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, saying, a saying, discourse, a discourse
Notes: The word 'logos' is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a wide range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, or a command. Beyond simple communication, it also encompasses concepts like reason, logic, an account, a narrative, or even a divine utterance or principle. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say, speak'. It refers to something said or thought, and its meaning evolved to encompass both speech and the underlying reason or thought.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Personal Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: of you, your, yours
Notes: ΣΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the second-person personal pronoun 'you'. It indicates possession or relationship, similar to 'your' or 'of you' in English. It can be used to show that something belongs to the person being addressed, or to indicate the object of certain prepositions or verbs that take the genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, All genders
G5579
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PSEV-dees
Translations: false, lying, untrue, a liar
Notes: This word describes something that is not true, or someone who tells lies. It can be used to describe a false statement, a deceptive person, or an untrue witness. It is often used in contexts related to truth and deception.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΩΝ, ΔΟΛΙΟΣ, ΑΠΑΤΗΛΟΣ
Etymology: From ψεύδομαι (pseudomai), meaning 'to lie' or 'to deceive'.
G2756
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: KEH-nos
Translations: empty, vain, a vain, useless, a useless, foolish, a foolish
Notes: This word describes something as empty, hollow, or devoid of content. It can refer to physical emptiness, but often carries the sense of being futile, useless, or without purpose or value. It can also describe a person as foolish or shallow. It is used to describe a state of being or a characteristic.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΑΡΓΟΣ, ΕΡΗΜΟΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin.
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G3320
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Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective
Sounds like: meh-mes-TOH-meh-nos
Translations: filled, full, filled up, loaded, laden
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been filled' or 'being full'. It describes something that has been completely filled or loaded with something, often implying a state of being full or laden. It can be used to describe a container filled with contents, a person filled with emotion, or a statement full of meaning.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΗΣ, ΓΕΜΩ
G4234
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PRAH-xay
Translations: deed, act, action, a deed, an act, an action
Notes: This word refers to a deed, an act, or an action. It describes something that is done or performed. It can be used in various contexts to denote human activity or conduct.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑ
G4123
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pleh-oh-NEK-tays
Translations: covetous person, greedy person, extortioner, a covetous person, a greedy person, an extortioner
Notes: This word refers to someone who is covetous, greedy, or an extortioner. It describes a person who desires to have more than their fair share, often at the expense of others, and can imply a person who takes advantage of others for personal gain. It is used to describe a character trait of excessive desire for possessions or wealth.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΞ, ΦΙΛΑΡΓΥΡΟΣ, ΑΔΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: πλεῖον (pleion), meaning 'more', and ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'one who has more' or 'one who desires more'.
G0727
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: AR-pax
Translations: rapacious, ravenous, extortioner, plunderer, robber, grasping, a plunderer, an extortioner
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is greedy, grasping, or predatory. As an adjective, it means 'rapacious' or 'ravenous,' indicating a tendency to seize or carry off by force. As a noun, it refers to a 'plunderer,' 'robber,' or 'extortioner'—someone who takes things by force or unfair means. It can be used to describe both animals (like a ravenous wolf) and people who are characterized by their greed and willingness to exploit others.
Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Nominative Singular; Masculine or Feminine, Dative Plural (ΑΡΠΑΞΙΝ)
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝΕΚΤΗΣ, ΛΗΣΤΗΣ
Etymology: From the verb ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize, snatch away, carry off by force.'
G5273
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: YOO-poh-kree-TAYS
Translations: hypocrite, actor, pretender, a hypocrite
Notes: This word refers to an actor or a stage player. In a figurative sense, it describes someone who pretends to be what they are not, a dissembler, or a hypocrite. It is often used to denote someone who feigns piety or virtue while their true character is different, or who acts deceptively.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΩΝ, ΠΛΑΝΟΣ, ΔΟΛΙΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb ὑποκρίνομαι (hypokrinomai), meaning 'to answer,' 'to interpret,' or 'to play a part.' It originally referred to someone who responded to a chorus in a play, and later to an actor who performed on stage.
G2559
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kah-koh-AY-thays
Translations: malicious, ill-natured, malignant, evil-minded, a malicious person
Notes: This is a compound adjective describing someone or something that is evil-minded, malicious, or malignant. It refers to a disposition or character that is inherently bad or harmful, often implying a desire to cause trouble or harm to others. It can be used to describe a person, a disease, or a general disposition.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΚΑΚΟΣ
Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil', and ΗΘΟΣ (ēthos), meaning 'custom', 'character', or 'disposition'. Thus, it literally means 'having a bad character' or 'evil-disposed'.
G5244
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hoo-per-AY-fah-nos
Translations: proud, arrogant, haughty, a proud person, an arrogant person
Notes: This adjective describes someone who is excessively proud, arrogant, or haughty. It implies a sense of superiority and disdain for others, often leading to a refusal to submit or acknowledge authority. It can be used to describe a person's character or their actions.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΩΝ, ΥΒΡΙΣΤΗΣ, ΚΟΜΠΑΣΤΗΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hyper, “over, above”) and φαίνω (phainō, “to show, appear”). It literally means 'showing oneself above others' or 'appearing above'.
G3028
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LEEP-see
Translations: taking, receiving, receipt, a taking, a receiving
Notes: This word refers to the act of taking, receiving, or obtaining something. It can describe the physical act of grasping or acquiring, or the more abstract concept of accepting or getting something. It is often used in contexts related to acquiring money, goods, or even advice.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΛΑΒΗ, ΚΤΗΣΙΣ, ΠΑΡΑΛΑΒΗ
Etymology: The word λῆψις (lēpsis) is derived from the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It refers to the action or result of that verb.
G1012
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BOO-layn
Translations: counsel, a counsel, plan, a plan, purpose, a purpose, will, a will
Notes: This word refers to a counsel, plan, or purpose, often implying a deliberate decision or intention. It can be used to describe human plans or, frequently in the New Testament, the divine will or purpose of God. It is used in sentences to indicate the object of an action, such as 'to know the counsel' or 'to understand the plan'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΙΑ, ΠΡΟΘΕΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΒΟΥΛΗ (boulē) comes from the verb βούλομαι (boulomai), meaning 'to will, to wish, to intend'. It refers to the act or result of willing or planning.
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: po-nee-RAN
Translations: evil, wicked, bad, harmful, mischievous, an evil, a wicked, a bad, a harmful, a mischievous
Notes: This word describes something as evil, wicked, or bad, often with a connotation of being harmful or mischievous. It can refer to moral depravity, physical affliction, or something that causes trouble. It is used to qualify a feminine singular noun in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of an action or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G3404
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mee-SEE-sace
Translations: you will hate, you shall hate
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hate' or 'to detest'. It is used to express strong aversion or enmity towards someone or something. In this form, it indicates a future action, specifically 'you will hate'.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΕΥΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahn-THROH-pohn
Translations: man, a man, person, a person, human being, a human being
Notes: This word refers to a human being, a person, or mankind in general. It is used to denote an individual man or woman, or the human race collectively. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any person.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ
G3775
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OOS
Translations: ear, an ear
Notes: This word refers to the anatomical organ of hearing, the ear. It is used in various contexts to denote the physical ear, but also metaphorically for the act of hearing or understanding, as in 'to lend an ear' or 'to have ears to hear'. It is a singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΩΤΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ows- (ear).
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G1651
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-LENG-xays
Translations: you will convict, you will rebuke, you will reprove, you will expose, you will correct, you will call to account
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to convict, rebuke, reprove, or expose someone. It implies bringing someone to a realization of their fault or error, often with the intention of correction or discipline. It can be used in contexts of legal conviction, moral correction, or simply pointing out a mistake.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΜΑΩ, ΝΟΥΘΕΤΕΩ
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, he who is, they who are
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It describes a state of being or existence, often functioning like an adjective or a noun. It can be translated as 'being' or 'who is/are' depending on the context, referring to someone or something that is in a particular state or performing an action of being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
G4335
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-YOOK-say
Translations: prayer, a prayer
Notes: This word is a noun that refers to the act of prayer or a specific prayer. It is used to describe communication with God or a deity, often involving supplication, praise, or thanksgiving. It can refer to both the general practice of praying and individual instances of prayer.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΕΗΣΙΣ, ΕΥΧΗ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΗ (proseuchē) is derived from the verb προσεύχομαι (proseuchomai), meaning 'to pray'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and εὔχομαι (euchomai), meaning 'to pray' or 'to wish'.
G0025
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-gah-PAY-sace
Translations: you shall love, you will love
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to love' or 'to have affection for'. It is often used in the context of divine or unconditional love, as well as love for one's neighbor or God. It is frequently found in commandments or prophecies.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΕΩ, ἘΡΑΩ
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G5590
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PSY-khen
Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self
Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ
Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.
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