Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Twelve Disciples / The Didache / Chapter 1The Didache, Chapter 1
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G3598
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oh-DOY
Translations: roads, ways, paths, (to) roads, (to) ways, (to) paths
Notes: This word refers to a road, a way, or a path. It can also metaphorically refer to a course of life or a manner of acting. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative plural, indicating location 'in the roads' or 'on the paths'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Dative, or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΙ, ΠΛΑΤΕΙΑΙ
G1417
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: DEE-oh
Translations: two
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'two'. It is used to indicate a quantity of two of something. It is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'two'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-see
Translations: they are
Notes: This word is the third person plural present indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to state existence or to link a subject to a predicate, indicating what the subject is or what quality it possesses. For example, 'they are good' or 'they are people'.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Indicative
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΥΣΙΝ, ΓΙΝΟΝΤΑΙ
G1520
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective
Sounds like: mee-AH
Translations: one, a, an
Notes: ΜΙΑ is the feminine form of the numeral 'one'. It can be used to indicate a single unit or as an indefinite article, similar to 'a' or 'an' in English. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G2222
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ZOH-ays
Translations: (of) life, (of) a life
Notes: Ζωῆς (zōēs) is the genitive singular form of the noun ζωή (zōē), which means 'life'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of life' or 'belonging to life'. It can refer to physical life, spiritual life, or a way of living. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the word of life' or 'the tree of life'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2288
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAH-nah-TOO
Translations: (of) death, (of) a death
Notes: This word refers to the state of being dead, the cessation of life, or the end of existence. It is often used to describe physical death, but can also refer to spiritual death or separation. In a sentence, it would typically indicate possession or origin, such as 'the power of death' or 'delivered from death'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΗΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to die'.
G1290
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-ah-foh-RAH
Translations: difference, a difference, distinction, diversity, value, advantage, a value, an advantage, contribution, a contribution
Notes: This word refers to a difference, distinction, or diversity between things. It can also denote value, advantage, or a contribution. In some contexts, it refers to the amount or sum of something, especially in a financial sense, like a contribution or a sum of money. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia, 'through, apart') and φορέω (phoreo, 'to carry, bear').
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΤΟΛΗ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΚΕΡΔΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb διαφέρω (diaphero), meaning 'to carry through, to differ, to be superior'. It is formed from διά (dia, 'through, apart') and φορέω (phoreo, 'to carry, bear').
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LAY
Translations: much, many, great, abundant, a great (one)
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is used to describe a large quantity, size, or intensity of something. It can be used to modify nouns, indicating a great number or amount.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΣ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ
G3342
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: meh-TAHK-soo
Translations: between, among, while, meanwhile
Notes: This word functions as a preposition or an adverb. As a preposition, it means 'between' or 'among', indicating a position or relationship between two or more things or people. It can also be used adverbially to mean 'in the meantime' or 'while'. For example, it can describe something located spatially between two points, or an event occurring temporally between two other events.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΝ ΜΕΣΩ, ΜΕΣΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΞΥ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to μέσος (mesos, 'middle') or a compound involving μετά (meta, 'with, among').
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G3598
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OH-dohn
Translations: of ways, of roads, of paths, of journeys, of courses
Notes: This word refers to a physical path, road, or journey. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a course of conduct, a way of life, or a method of doing something. In the provided context, it is used to describe a course of action or behavior.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΘΟΣ, ΤΡΙΒΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'way' or 'path'.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OW-tay
Translations: she, her, it, this, that, the same
Notes: This word is a pronoun, specifically the feminine nominative singular form of 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'she', 'her', or 'it', or as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. When used intensively, it can mean 'the same' or 'herself'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it refers to.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΗ
G4413
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: PRO-ton
Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place
Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.
G0025
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-gah-PAY-sace
Translations: you shall love, you will love
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to love' or 'to have affection for'. It is often used in the context of divine or unconditional love, as well as love for one's neighbor or God. It is frequently found in commandments or prophecies.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΕΩ, ἘΡΑΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-ON
Translations: God, a God
Notes: This word refers to God, a god, or a deity. It is used as the direct object in a sentence, indicating the recipient of an action or the one being referred to. For example, one might 'worship God' (where 'God' would be in the accusative case).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: poy-EE-san-tah
Translations: having made, who made, the one who made, him who made, maker, doer
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having made' or 'who made'. It describes someone who has performed an action of making or doing. It functions like an adjective or a noun, often referring to 'the one who made' or 'the maker', and in this form, it is in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΝ, ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΗΣΑΝΤΑ
G4571
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SEH
Translations: you
Notes: ΣΕ is the accusative singular form of the second-person pronoun, meaning 'you' when it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It indicates the person to whom an action is done or directed.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the accusative form of the second-person singular pronoun.
G1208
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: DEH-oo-teh-ron
Translations: second, a second
Notes: This word means 'second' and is used to indicate the ordinal position after the first. It can refer to the second in a sequence, rank, or quality. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From a comparative form of the numeral 'duo' (two). It refers to the 'second' in a series or order.
G4139
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-see-on
Translations: near, nearby, neighbor, a neighbor, one's neighbor
Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'near' or 'nearby', indicating proximity in space or time. It can also be used substantively as a noun, typically in the neuter singular, to refer to 'one's neighbor' or 'the person next to you'. When used as a noun, it often refers to a fellow human being, emphasizing a relationship of proximity or community.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular (when used substantively as a noun)
Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ
G4771
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Part of Speech: Personal Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: of you, your, yours
Notes: ΣΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the second-person personal pronoun 'you'. It indicates possession or relationship, similar to 'your' or 'of you' in English. It can be used to show that something belongs to the person being addressed, or to indicate the object of certain prepositions or verbs that take the genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, All genders
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G4572
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: seh-ow-TON
Translations: yourself
Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'yourself'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'you save yourself' or 'you destroy yourself'.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3745
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective
Sounds like: OH-sah
Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things
Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ
Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.
G2309
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: the-LEE-sees
Translations: you may wish, you may want, you may desire, you may intend, you may be willing
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to wish' or 'to want'. It indicates a desire, intention, or willingness to do something. It is often used in contexts where someone is expressing their will or purpose, or when advising someone not to do something, as in 'do not wish to transgress'.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΕΩ
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ghee-NES-thai
Translations: to become, to happen, to be, to come into being, to be born, to arise, to come to pass
Notes: This verb is very common in Koine Greek and has a broad range of meanings, primarily related to something coming into existence, happening, or changing state. It can describe a process of becoming, an event taking place, or a person being born. It is often used impersonally to mean 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΑΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generate' in English.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SOY
Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you
Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun meaning 'you' (singular). It is used when addressing a single person directly, typically as the subject of a sentence. It can also be used emphatically to highlight the person being addressed.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Second Person
Etymology: The word 'ΣΥ' is an ancient Greek pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been consistently used throughout various stages of the Greek language to refer to the second person singular.
G0243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AHL-loh
Translations: (to) another, (to) other, (for) another, (for) other, (by) another, (by) other, (with) another, (with) other, (in) another, (in) other
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ἈΛΛΟΣ', meaning 'another' or 'other'. It is used to refer to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΩ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-EH-ee
Translations: makes, does, creates, performs, produces, brings about, carries out
Notes: This verb signifies to make, do, or create something. It is used broadly to describe actions, accomplishments, or the bringing into existence of something. It can refer to physical creation, the performance of an action, or the production of a result.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-tone
Translations: of these, of them
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of these' or 'of them', referring to things or people previously mentioned or understood from context. It can refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΩΝ
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gohn
Translations: of words, of sayings, of accounts, of reasons, of messages, of speeches, of reports, of doctrines
Notes: ΛΟΓΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos). The word ΛΟΓΟΣ is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a very broad range of meanings, including 'word,' 'speech,' 'account,' 'reason,' 'message,' 'report,' 'doctrine,' or 'principle.' In its genitive plural form, ΛΟΓΩΝ indicates possession, origin, or relation to multiple 'words' or 'concepts.' It is used to express 'of words' or 'belonging to words' in a sentence.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΜΥΘΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ
G1322
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-DA-khee
Translations: teaching, instruction, doctrine, a teaching, an instruction, a doctrine
Notes: This word refers to the act of teaching, the content that is taught, or a specific body of instruction or doctrine. It can be used to describe the lessons given by a teacher, the principles of a particular belief system, or a general body of knowledge passed down. For example, one might speak of 'the teaching of Christ' or 'a new doctrine'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ, ΔΙΔΑΓΜΑ
Etymology: The word "ΔΙΔΑΧΗ" comes from the Greek verb "διδάσκω" (didaskō), meaning "to teach" or "to instruct." It refers to the act or result of teaching.
G2127
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-lo-GEH-teh
Translations: bless, praise, speak well of
Notes: This word means to bless, praise, or speak well of someone or something. It is often used as a command or exhortation, instructing a group of people to offer blessings or praise. It can be used in a religious context to bless God or to bless others, or in a more general sense to speak favorably about someone.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑἸΝΕΩ, ὙΜΝΕΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G2672
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-roh-MEH-noos
Translations: cursing, those who curse, the ones cursing
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'καταράομαι', meaning 'to curse' or 'to imprecate evil upon'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in the act of cursing or has cursed. In the provided examples, it refers to 'those who curse you'. It is a compound word, formed from 'κατά' (down, against) and 'ἀράομαι' (to pray, to curse).
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΘΕΜΑΤΙΖΩ, ΕΠΙΚΑΤΑΡΑΤΟΣ
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEEN
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is a second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (plural). It is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative
G4336
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-yoo-KHES-theh
Translations: pray, make a prayer, offer prayer
Notes: This word means 'to pray' or 'to offer prayer'. It is often used in the context of addressing God or a deity. It can be used in a command or exhortation, telling someone to pray, or describing the act of praying.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G2190
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ekh-THRON
Translations: of enemies, enemies
Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or adversarial. It is the plural genitive form of 'enemy', indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of enemies' or simply 'enemies' when the context implies possession or separation from them.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G3522
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: nays-TEH-yoo-eh-teh
Translations: you fast, fast, be fasting
Notes: This word means to fast, to abstain from food, often for religious or spiritual reasons. It is used to describe the act of refraining from eating, typically as a spiritual discipline or a sign of mourning or repentance. In a sentence, it would be used to command or describe a group of people fasting.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Second Person Plural; or Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΚΡΑΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G1377
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: dee-oh-KO-tohn
Translations: of those persecuting, of those pursuing, of those following, of those driving away
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διώκω' (diōkō), meaning 'to pursue,' 'to persecute,' 'to follow,' or 'to drive away.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb while retaining verbal characteristics. In this form, it refers to the action of 'those who are persecuting' or 'those who are pursuing,' indicating the agents of the action in a genitive context.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΙΩΞΑΝΤΩΝ, ΔΙΩΞΟΝΤΩΝ
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G4169
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Adjective, Interrogative Pronoun
Sounds like: POY-ah
Translations: which, what kind of, what
Notes: This word is an interrogative adjective or pronoun used to ask about the quality, kind, or nature of something. It asks 'what kind of?' or 'which one?' and agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies or replaces. For example, it can be used to ask 'what kind of country?' or 'which woman?'.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G5485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHA-rees
Translations: grace, a grace, favor, a favor, kindness, a kindness, thanks, gratitude, charm, a charm, delight, a delight
Notes: This word is a feminine noun that generally refers to grace, favor, or kindness. It can also mean thanks or gratitude, especially in expressions like 'to give thanks'. In some contexts, it can refer to charm or delight. It is often used to describe divine favor or unmerited divine assistance given to humans.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ, ΕΛΕΟΣ, ΔΩΡΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- ('to desire, to like'). In ancient Greek, it developed to mean 'that which delights' or 'favor'.
G0025
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-gah-PAH-teh
Translations: you love, you all love, love
Notes: This word means 'to love' or 'to have affection for'. It is used here in the imperative mood, commanding a group of people to love or to continue loving. It can also be used in the indicative mood to state that 'you (plural) love'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΕΩ, ΣΤΕΡΓΩ
G0025
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-gah-PON-tas
Translations: those loving, the ones loving, loving
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἀγαπάω' (agapaō), meaning 'to love'. It describes someone who is actively in the process of loving. In the provided context, it functions as a substantive, referring to 'those who love' or 'the ones who are loving'. It indicates an ongoing action of love.
Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΥΝΤΑΣ
G3780
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH-ee
Translations: no, not at all, by no means, certainly not
Notes: This word is a strong negative adverb, meaning 'no' or 'not at all'. It is used to express a definite and emphatic denial, often in response to a question or to strongly contradict a statement. It is a more emphatic form of the negative particle οὐ (ou).
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ
Etymology: From οὐ (ou), meaning 'not', and the enclitic particle -χι (-chi), which adds emphasis. It is a more emphatic form of the simple negative particle.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G1484
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ETH-nay
Translations: nations, peoples, Gentiles
Notes: This word refers to groups of people, tribes, or nations. In a biblical context, especially in the New Testament, it often refers to non-Israelite peoples, commonly translated as 'Gentiles'. It can be used generally to mean any group of people.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: it, itself, the same
Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-OO-sin
Translations: they make, they do, they produce, they perform
Notes: This word means 'to make', 'to do', 'to produce', or 'to perform'. It is used to describe actions or creations carried out by a group of people. For example, it can refer to people making something, doing a task, or bringing something into existence.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MACE
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a second-person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (referring to multiple people). It is used when the 'you' is the subject of the sentence, performing the action of the verb.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Second Person
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the Latin 'vos' and English 'you'.
G3404
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: mee-SOON-tas
Translations: hating, those who hate, a hater
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'hating' or 'one who hates'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in the act of hating. It can be used substantively to refer to 'those who hate' or 'a hater'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: From a primary word μῖσος (misos), meaning 'hatred'.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle, meaning "not" or "no." It is used to negate statements of fact or reality. It is a variant of οὐ (ou) and οὐκ (ouk), specifically used before words that begin with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u- (negative particle). It is related to other negative particles in various Indo-European languages.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EX-eh-teh
Translations: you will have, you will hold, you will possess
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'you will have' or 'you will possess'. It is used to indicate future possession or a future state of being. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'you will have understanding' or 'you will have peace'.
Inflection: Second Person Plural, Future Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΚΤΗΣΕΣΘΕ, ΛΗΨΕΣΘΕ
G2189
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ekh-THRON
Translations: enemy, an enemy, hostile, an opponent, hateful
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is hostile, adversarial, or an opponent. It can be used as an adjective to describe a person or thing as 'hostile' or 'hateful', or it can function as a noun, meaning 'an enemy' or 'an adversary'. In the provided examples, it is used as a noun referring to an enemy.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΣ
G0568
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-PEH-khoo
Translations: keep away, keep back, be distant, be far, have received in full, have enough
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to keep away or to be distant from something or someone. It can also mean to have received something in full, implying a complete payment or satisfaction. In some contexts, it can convey the idea of having enough or being content. It is often used with a preposition like ἀπό (apo) meaning 'from' to indicate separation or distance.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Imperative, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ἈΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ἈΠΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ἈΠΕΧΩ
Etymology: The word ἀπέχω (apechō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.
G4559
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: sar-ki-KON
Translations: of the flesh, fleshly, carnal, worldly
Notes: This word describes something that pertains to the flesh, in a physical or often a morally negative sense, referring to human nature apart from divine influence. It is used to describe desires, actions, or characteristics that are earthly, sensual, or unspiritual. For example, 'fleshly desires' or 'carnal wisdom'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑΤΙΚΟΣ, ΚΟΣΜΙΚΟΣ
G4984
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: so-ma-ti-KON
Translations: of bodily, of physical, of corporeal
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'bodily' or 'physical', referring to things pertaining to the body. It describes something that is corporeal or relates to the physical nature of a person or thing. It is often used in contrast to spiritual or mental aspects.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders
Synonyms: ΣΑΡΚΙΚΩΝ, ΦΥΣΙΚΩΝ
G1939
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-ee-thoo-mee-OHN
Translations: of desires, of lusts, of cravings, of longings
Notes: This word refers to strong desires, cravings, or longings, which can be either good or bad depending on the context. It is often used to describe human passions or appetites. In the provided examples, it refers to the desires that reason or self-control can master.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΡΕΞΕΩΝ, ΠΑΘΩΝ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ (epithymia) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'towards,' and ΘΥΜΟΣ (thymos), meaning 'passion' or 'spirit.' It denotes a strong inclination or desire directed towards something.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DOH
Translations: I give, I grant, I offer, I put, I place, I deliver, I entrust
Notes: This is the first person singular present active indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It indicates an action of giving or granting performed by the speaker in the present tense. It can also mean to offer, to put, to place, to deliver, or to entrust, depending on the context.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΔΙΔΩ
G4474
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: rah-PIS-mah
Translations: blow, a blow, slap, a slap, cuff, a cuff
Notes: This word refers to a blow, especially one given with the open hand, like a slap or a cuff. It can also denote a general physical assault or striking. It is typically used to describe an act of violence or insult.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΦΟΣ, ΠΛΗΓΗ
Etymology: From the verb ῥαπίζω (rhapizō), meaning 'to strike with a rod' or 'to strike with the palm of the hand'.
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G1188
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: dex-ee-AHN
Translations: right, right hand, a right hand
Notes: This word refers to the right side or the right hand. It can be used as an adjective meaning 'right' (as opposed to left), or substantively as a noun meaning 'right hand'. In the provided context, it is used to refer to the right hand.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G4600
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: see-ah-GOH-nah
Translations: jaw, a jaw, cheek, a cheek
Notes: This word refers to the jaw or the cheek. It is commonly used to describe the side of the face, particularly the lower part, or the bone structure of the mouth. It can be used in contexts referring to striking someone on the cheek or jaw.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the verb σιαγέω (siageō), meaning 'to chew' or 'to gnaw'.
G4737
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: STEPH-son
Translations: crown, encircle, put a crown on, adorn, honor
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to crown' or 'to encircle'. It is often used in the context of placing a wreath or crown on someone's head as a sign of victory, honor, or royalty. It can also metaphorically mean to adorn or honor someone.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΕΩ, ΤΙΜΑΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G0243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AL-lain
Translations: another, a different, other, a different one
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to something distinct or different from what has already been mentioned. In this form, it is the feminine singular accusative case, meaning it would modify a feminine noun that is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-see
Translations: you will be
Notes: This word is a form of the verb "to be" in Koine Greek. It indicates a future state or existence for a single person being addressed. For example, it can be used in sentences like "you will be happy" or "you will be there."
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice (deponent)
Etymology: The verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to be" or "to exist." It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language and has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.
G5046
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: TEH-li-os
Translations: perfect, complete, mature, full-grown, a perfect one, a complete one, a mature one
Notes: This word describes something that has reached its intended end, goal, or full development. It can refer to something that is perfect, complete, or mature, having attained its full potential. It is used to describe individuals who are spiritually mature or fully developed in character, or things that are finished and lacking nothing.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine. This word can also be Feminine or Neuter, and inflects for all cases.
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΑΡΤΙΟΣ, ΠΛΗΡΗΣ
Etymology: From τέλος (telos), meaning "end, goal, purpose." The word describes something that has reached its end or goal, hence complete or perfect.
G0029
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ang-gar-YOO-see
Translations: compel, force, press into service, requisition
Notes: This word means to compel or force someone to do something, especially to carry a burden or perform a service. It originates from a Persian term for a royal courier who had the authority to requisition transport or supplies. In the New Testament, it is notably used in the context of forcing someone to carry a load or go an extra mile.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ, ΒΙΑΖΩ
G3407
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEE-lee-on
Translations: mile, a mile
Notes: This word refers to a Roman mile, which was a unit of distance equivalent to one thousand paces. It is a loanword from Latin. In the New Testament, it is used in the context of traveling a certain distance.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word "ΜΙΛΙΟΝ" is a transliteration of the Latin word "milium" or "mille passus," meaning "a thousand paces," which was the standard Roman mile.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EN
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.
G5217
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-PAH-geh
Translations: go, depart, get away, withdraw, go away
Notes: This word means to go away, depart, or withdraw. It is often used as a command or instruction to leave a place or situation. It can also imply a movement from one state or condition to another.
Inflection: Imperative, Aorist, Active, 2nd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΔΙΖΩ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to
Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: of him, of it, his, its, of himself, of itself, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun, a possessive pronoun, or an intensive/reflexive pronoun. In the genitive case, as seen here, it typically means 'of him' or 'of it' when referring to a third person, or 'his' or 'its' to indicate possession. It can also be used for emphasis, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', especially when preceding the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
G0142
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-REH
Translations: take up, lift, carry, take away, remove, pick up, bear
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to take up,' 'to lift,' 'to carry,' or 'to take away.' It can be used in various contexts, such as lifting an object, carrying a burden, or removing something from a place. Its meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
Etymology: From an unstated primary verb, meaning 'to take up' or 'to lift.'
G2440
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-MA-tee-on
Translations: garment, a garment, cloak, a cloak, clothes, clothing
Notes: This word refers to an outer garment or cloak, which was a common piece of clothing in ancient times. It could also refer to clothing in general. It is often used in the context of someone wearing or taking off an article of clothing.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΧΙΤΩΝ, ΕΝΔΥΜΑ, ΣΤΟΛΗ
Etymology: The word ἱμάτιον (himátion) is a diminutive of ἱμάτιον (híma), meaning 'garment' or 'clothing'. It is related to the verb ἵημι (híēmi), 'to send, throw', suggesting something thrown over or put on.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doss
Translations: give
Notes: This word is the second person singular, aorist active imperative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It is used to issue a direct command or instruction to a single person, equivalent to saying 'Give!' or 'You give!'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.
G5509
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khee-TOH-nah
Translations: tunic, a tunic, coat, a coat, garment, a garment
Notes: This word refers to a tunic or an undergarment, typically worn close to the body. It was a common piece of clothing in ancient times, often made of linen or wool, and could be worn by both men and women. It is used in sentences to describe an item of clothing that is worn or removed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΜΑΤΙΟΝ, ΕΝΔΥΜΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΧΙΤΩΝ (chitōn) is of Semitic origin, likely borrowed into Greek from a Phoenician or Aramaic term, referring to a type of garment.
G2983
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LAH-bay
Translations: handle, a handle, hold, a hold, opportunity, an opportunity, occasion, an occasion
Notes: This word refers to a handle or anything that can be grasped. Metaphorically, it can mean an 'occasion' or 'opportunity' to do something, especially to find fault or take advantage of a situation. It implies having a 'hold' or 'grip' on something or someone.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΦΟΡΜΗ, ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to grasp'. It refers to that by which something is taken or held.
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G4674
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Part of Speech: Possessive Adjective
Sounds like: SON
Translations: your, yours, a your
Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'your' (singular). It indicates possession by a single person. As an adjective, it agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. In this form, it is neuter singular, and can function as either nominative or accusative.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word σός (sos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European pronominal stem *tyu-, which is related to the second person singular pronoun. It developed in Greek to indicate possession by 'you' (singular).
G0523
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pah-TEE
Translations: demands, requires, asks back, exacts
Notes: This word means to demand, require, or ask back something, often implying a sense of obligation or necessity. It is used when someone or something is expected to provide or fulfill a certain condition or item. For example, 'the time demands' or 'he demands payment'.
Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑἸΤΕΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ἘΚΖΗΤΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἈΠΑΙΤΕΩ is a compound word formed from the prefix ἈΠΟ- (APO-), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἈΙΤΕΩ (AITEO), meaning 'to ask' or 'to beg'. Thus, it literally means 'to ask back' or 'to ask for something due from someone'.
G3761
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: oo-DEH
Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ
Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).
G1410
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doo-NAH-sai
Translations: you are able, you can, you have power
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be able', 'to have power', or 'to be capable'. It is used to express capacity or possibility, often in questions or statements about what someone is capable of doing. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'Are you able to do this?' or 'You can achieve that'.
Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ
Etymology: The word δύναμαι (dynamai) comes from the Greek word δύναμις (dynamis), meaning 'power' or 'ability'. It is related to the concept of inherent strength or capacity.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tee
Translations: (to) all, (to) every, (to) each
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'each'. It is used to describe a noun, indicating that the quality or action applies to the entirety of something or to every individual member of a group. In this dative singular form, it often translates to 'to all', 'to every', or 'to each', depending on the context of the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G0154
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ai-TOON-tee
Translations: to the one asking, to the one requesting, to the one demanding, to the one begging
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'to the one who is asking' or 'to the one who is requesting'. It describes someone who is in the act of asking or making a request. It is often used in a dative case to indicate the recipient of an action, as in 'give to the one asking'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΕΝΩ, ΖΗΤΟΥΝΤΙ, ΕΡΩΤΩΝΤΙ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the idea of 'to seek' or 'to ask'.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DI-doo
Translations: Give, grant, bestow
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to give,' 'to grant,' or 'to bestow.' It is used to command or request someone to hand over something, to provide, or to allow. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'Give me the book' or 'Grant us peace.'
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didōmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give.' It is a reduplicated present form, characteristic of many ancient Greek verbs.
G0523
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pah-EE-ten
Translations: demand back, ask back, require, reclaim
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'back', and the verb 'αἰτέω' (aiteo), meaning 'to ask' or 'to demand'. Therefore, it means 'to ask back' or 'to demand back' something that was given or lent. It implies a request for restitution or return. In the provided context, it is used in an imperative sense, instructing someone not to demand back.
Inflection: Present Active Imperative, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΑΠΑΙΤΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΑΠΑΙΤΕΩ is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'back', and the verb αἰτέω (aiteo), meaning 'to ask' or 'to demand'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-see
Translations: (to) all, (for) all, (to) every, (for) every, (to) the whole, (for) the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. As a dative plural form, it typically signifies 'to all' or 'for all', indicating the recipients or beneficiaries of an action.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΣΙ, ΟΛΟΙΣ
G2309
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: THEH-lee
Translations: he wants, she wants, it wants, he wills, she wills, it wills, he wishes, she wishes, it wishes
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to want', 'to wish', or 'to will'. It is used to express desire, intention, or purpose. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'he wants to go' or 'she wills it to happen'.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: di-DOS-thai
Translations: to be given, to be granted, to be delivered, to be paid
Notes: This word is the present passive infinitive form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It indicates an action of being given or granted, often implying a continuous or repeated process. It can be used in constructions where something is being provided or delivered to someone.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΕΣΘΑΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΟΣΘΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G3962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-TEER
Translations: father, a father, parent, ancestor
Notes: This word refers to a father, a male parent, or an ancestor. It can also be used metaphorically to refer to God as the Father of humanity or of believers. It is typically used in a nominative case when it is the subject of a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΤΩΡ, ΠΡΟΓΟΝΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'father'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G2398
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ee-DEE-ohn
Translations: of one's own, of private things, of peculiar things
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ἴδιος' (idios). It refers to something that is one's own, private, or peculiar to an individual or group. It is often used to emphasize possession or a unique characteristic. For example, it can mean 'their own' or 'his own' when referring to possessions or personal matters.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ, ἙΑΥΤΩΝ
Etymology: The word ἴδιος (idios) comes from Proto-Indo-European *swe-dʰ-yo-, meaning 'one's own'. It is related to the reflexive pronoun 'self' and emphasizes personal possession or distinctiveness.
G5486
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kha-RIS-ma-TON
Translations: (of) spiritual gifts, (of) gifts, (of) graces
Notes: This word refers to a gift of grace, a spiritual endowment, or a divine favor. It is often used in the context of special abilities or powers given by God, particularly to individuals within the Christian community. It is a compound word, derived from ΧΑΡΙΣ (grace) and the suffix -ΜΑ (indicating the result of an action).
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΩΡΕΩΝ, ΔΩΡΗΜΑΤΩΝ
G3107
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: mah-KAH-ree-os
Translations: blessed, happy, fortunate, a blessed one, a happy one, a fortunate one
Notes: This word describes someone who is blessed, happy, or fortunate. It often refers to a state of inner well-being and contentment, particularly a happiness that comes from divine favor or a favorable condition. It can be used to describe individuals who are divinely favored or those who experience a deep sense of joy and fulfillment.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ, ΕΥΔΑΙΜΩΝ, ΟΛΒΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μακάριος' (makarios) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to 'μάκαρ' (makar), meaning 'blessed' or 'happy'. It describes a state of blessedness or happiness, often associated with the gods or those favored by them.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: DI-doos
Translations: giving, who gives, one who gives
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'δίδωμι' (didōmi), meaning 'to give'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state of 'giving' in relation to another part of the sentence. It can be translated as 'giving' or 'one who gives', indicating someone who is currently in the act of giving.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩΝ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'δίδωμι' (didōmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated verb, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs, where the initial syllable is repeated.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G1785
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: en-to-LEN
Translations: commandment, a commandment, instruction, a instruction, precept, a precept, order, an order
Notes: This word refers to a command, instruction, or precept given by an authority. It is often used in a religious context to refer to God's commandments or laws. It can be used in sentences like 'He kept the commandment' or 'They received an instruction.'
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΔΙΑΤΑΓΗ, ΝΟΜΟΣ
G0000
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-THOH-os
Translations: innocent, guiltless, unpunished, free from fault
Notes: This word describes someone who is innocent, guiltless, or free from punishment. It is used to declare that a person is not responsible for a crime or a wrong action. It can also imply being unpunished or exempt from a penalty.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΙΤΙΟΣ, ἈΚΑΚΟΣ
Etymology: From the negative prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'not' and 'θωός' (thōos), which is related to 'θωή' (thōē) meaning 'punishment' or 'penalty'. Thus, it literally means 'without punishment' or 'unpunished'.
G3759
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Part of Speech: Interjection
Sounds like: OO-ah-ee
Translations: Woe, alas
Notes: This word is an exclamation used to express lament, grief, or warning. It is often translated as 'woe' or 'alas' and can be used to pronounce a curse or a solemn warning of impending disaster or judgment. It is typically followed by the person or thing to whom the 'woe' is directed, often in the dative case or introduced by a preposition.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word 'οὐαι' is of imitative origin, mimicking a cry of lamentation. It is found in various forms across different languages, suggesting a common, ancient root for such an exclamation.
G2983
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: lam-BAH-non-tee
Translations: (to) the one taking, (to) the one receiving, (to) the one seizing, (to) the one grasping, (to) the one obtaining
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' 'to seize,' or 'to grasp.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by someone or something. In this dative singular form, it typically refers to 'the one who is taking/receiving' and indicates the indirect object of an action, answering the question 'to whom?' or 'for whom?'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tai
Translations: will be, shall be, there will be
Notes: This is the third person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates that something 'will be' or 'shall be' in the future. It can refer to a person (he/she/it will be) or an impersonal existence (there will be).
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
G5532
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHREH-ee-an
Translations: need, a need, necessity, a necessity, use, a use, business, service
Notes: This word refers to a need, necessity, or requirement. It can also denote a use, purpose, or a specific business or service. It is often used to express what is lacking or what is required for a particular situation.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΗ, ΧΡΗΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to need'.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: EKH-ohn
Translations: having, holding, possessing, being in possession of
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding something. It can be translated as 'having' or 'one who has', and often introduces a clause explaining what someone possesses or is doing.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ
Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a wide range of meanings related to possession, state, and action.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DOH-see
Translations: will give, will grant, will bestow
Notes: This word means 'will give' or 'will grant'. It is used to describe an action of providing or delivering something in the future. For example, one might say 'he will give a gift' or 'God will grant peace'.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ
G1349
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DEE-kane
Translations: justice, a justice, judgment, a judgment, penalty, a penalty, punishment, a punishment, vengeance, a vengeance
Notes: This word refers to the concept of justice, both in the sense of what is right and fair, and in the sense of a legal judgment or the penalty imposed as a result of such a judgment. It can also denote the act of vengeance or retribution. It is often used in contexts relating to divine or human legal proceedings and their outcomes.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ, ΕΚΔΙΚΗΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΗ (dikē) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb δείκνυμι (deiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out', suggesting an original sense of 'that which is shown to be right' or 'that which is established'.
G2444, G5101
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: EE-na-tee
Translations: why, wherefore, for what reason
Notes: This is a compound interrogative adverb formed from the conjunction ἵνα (hina, 'in order that') and the interrogative pronoun τί (ti, 'what'). It is used to ask for the reason or purpose behind an action or situation, essentially meaning 'why' or 'for what reason'. It functions as a direct question.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΙ, ΤΙ
G1636
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-LAH-yeh
Translations: olive tree, an olive tree, olive, an olive
Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or a variant of the Koine Greek word 'Ἐλαία' (Elaia), which means 'olive tree' or 'olive'. It refers to the tree that produces olives, or the fruit itself. It is typically used as a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly of Semitic origin.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: soon-OH-ay
Translations: unknown
Notes: It's not clear what this word means. It appears to be a misspelling or a garbled form of a Koine Greek word. There is no known word "ΣΥΝΟΩΗ" in Koine Greek lexicons. It is possible it is a typo for a word like "συνωθῶ" (to push together, crowd) or another word beginning with "συν-" (meaning "with" or "together").
Inflection: Unknown
G1096
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos
Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being
Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ
G1830
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-eh-TAS-thay-seh-tai
Translations: he will be examined, it will be examined, he will be investigated, it will be investigated, he will be questioned, it will be questioned
Notes: This word is a future passive indicative form of the verb 'examine' or 'investigate'. It indicates an action that will be done to the subject, rather than by the subject. It is used to describe a future event where someone or something will undergo scrutiny, questioning, or a thorough investigation.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and ἐτάζω (etazō, 'to examine, test'). It literally means 'to examine out thoroughly'.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, he who is, they who are
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It describes a state of being or existence, often functioning like an adjective or a noun. It can be translated as 'being' or 'who is/are' depending on the context, referring to someone or something that is in a particular state or performing an action of being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
G4238
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EP-rak-seh
Translations: he did, he performed, he practiced, he accomplished
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to do', 'to perform', 'to practice', or 'to accomplish'. It is used to describe an action that was completed in the past by a single individual. It can refer to both good and bad actions.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word πράσσω (prassō) comes from an older form *πράττω (prattō), which is of uncertain origin but is thought to be related to the idea of 'passing through' or 'going through'.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G1831
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-el-EW-seh-tai
Translations: he will go out, she will go out, it will go out, he will come out, she will come out, it will come out
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ/ἐξ (out of, from) and the verb ἔρχομαι (to come, to go). It means 'to go out' or 'to come out' and is used to describe movement from an inside place to an outside place, or from a source. It can also refer to something originating from a person or place.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive Deponent
Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move'. The prefix ἐξ (ex) is from the Proto-Indo-European *eǵhs, meaning 'out of'.
G1564
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-KAY-then
Translations: from there, thence, from that place, from that time
Notes: This adverb indicates movement or origin from a specific place or point in time. It is used to denote 'from that place' or 'from that time onward'. For example, one might say 'he went from there' or 'from that point, things changed'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚΕΙ, ἘΝΘΕΝ
Etymology: From ἐκεῖ (there) and the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or direction from.
G3360
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: MEKH-rees
Translations: until, up to, as far as, while, even to
Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that serves as a limit or boundary. As a preposition, it means 'until' or 'up to' a certain point or place. As a conjunction, it means 'until' or 'while' a certain event occurs. As an adverb, it can mean 'even to' or 'as far as'. It often takes the genitive case when used as a preposition, but can also be followed by a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word 'μέχρι' (mechri), which also means 'until' or 'up to'. The '-ς' ending is an adverbial suffix.
G3756, G3757
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when
Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.
G0591
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-DOH
Translations: give back, pay back, render, restore, repay, sell
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, meaning 'from' or 'back') and the verb δίδωμι (didomi, meaning 'to give'). It means to give back, repay, restore, or render something. It can also mean to sell, as in giving something away in exchange for money. It is used in contexts of fulfilling obligations, returning what is due, or making a payment.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist Active Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ
G2078
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ES-kha-ton
Translations: last, ultimate, outermost, extreme, the end, the last thing
Notes: This word describes something that is last in a series, whether in time, order, or place. It can refer to the final point or the most extreme part of something. It is often used to denote the end of a period or a final state.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΙΟΣ, ΕΠΙΣΧΑΤΟΣ
G2854
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: koh-DRAN-teen
Translations: quadrans, a quadrans, farthing, a farthing
Notes: This word refers to a quadrans, which was a small Roman copper coin, equivalent to a quarter of an as. It was one of the smallest denominations of currency in circulation during the Roman period. It is used in sentences to denote a very small amount of money, often in the context of debt or payment.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Etymology: From Latin quadrans, meaning 'a fourth part' or 'a quarter'.
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-too
Translations: of this, of him, of it
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun 'this' or 'he/she/it'. It indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of this' or 'of him/it', and is used to point out something specific that has already been mentioned or is understood from context.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ
G2046
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-RAY-tai
Translations: it has been said, it is said, it was said
Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'erō' (to say, to speak). It indicates an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It is commonly translated as 'it has been said' or 'it is said', often referring to something previously stated or written.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΛΕΛΕΚΤΑΙ, ΕΙΠΕΝ
Etymology: The verb 'erō' (to say, to speak) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to put in order, to arrange, to speak'. It is related to other Greek words concerning speech and order.
G2425
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hid-ROH-sah-toh
Translations: let him sweat, he must sweat, let it sweat
Notes: This verb means 'to sweat' or 'to perspire'. It can also imply 'to toil' or 'to labor intensely', suggesting a great effort that causes one to sweat. It is used to command or request that someone or something sweats or toils.
Inflection: Aorist, Imperative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΟΠΙΑΩ, ΜΟΧΘΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἱδρόω (hidroō) comes from ἱδρώς (hidrōs), meaning 'sweat'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *sweid- meaning 'to sweat'.
G1654
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-leh-ay-mo-SOO-nay
Translations: mercy, compassion, pity, alms, a charitable deed
Notes: This word refers to the quality of showing compassion or pity, often leading to acts of charity or giving alms. It can describe both the feeling of mercy and the practical expression of it through charitable deeds. It is frequently used in a religious context to describe God's mercy or the charitable acts of believers.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΛΕΟΣ, ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΟΣ, ΧΑΡΙΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word ἔλεος (eleos), meaning 'mercy' or 'pity', combined with the suffix -μοσύνη (-mosynē), which forms abstract nouns, indicating a state or quality. Thus, it literally means 'the quality of being merciful' or 'an act of mercy'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEI-ras
Translations: hands
Notes: This word refers to hands, the physical appendages at the end of the arm. It is used in various contexts, often literally for actions involving the hands, but also metaphorically to signify power, control, or agency. For example, something might be 'in the hands of' someone, meaning under their control.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AHN
Translations: if, ever, might, would, should
Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.
G1108
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Part of Speech: Noun, Verb
Sounds like: GNOHS
Translations: knowledge, a knowledge, understanding, a knowing, to know, to understand
Notes: This word functions as a root or stem from which various forms of the verb 'to know' and the noun 'knowledge' are derived. It refers to the act of knowing, understanding, or perceiving something, and also to the state of having knowledge or understanding. It is often used in contexts of intellectual or spiritual comprehension.
Inflection: This is a root/stem form and does not inflect on its own. It forms the basis for various inflected verbs and nouns.
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (to know). It is related to the English word 'know' and Latin 'gnoscere'.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TEE-nee
Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which
Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders
Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DOHS
Translations: Give, Grant, Bestow
Notes: This is the second person singular aorist active imperative form of the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give' or 'to grant'. It is used as a direct command to a single person, instructing them to give or bestow something. For example, it might be used in a prayer or a plea, 'Give us this day...' or 'Grant us peace.'
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΥ, ΠΑΡΑΣΧΟΥ, ΧΑΡΙΣΑΙ
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