2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: THEH-loh

Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to will, to intend, to be willing

Notes: This verb expresses a desire, intention, or willingness to do something. It can be used to indicate a strong personal wish or a divine will. It often takes an infinitive to complete its meaning, indicating what is wished or willed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷhelh₁- (to want, wish). It is related to the English word 'will' (as in 'free will').

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-deh-nye

Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to be aware

Notes: ΕΙΔΕΝΑΙ is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know'. It is used to express the act of knowing or understanding something, often implying a state of having acquired knowledge or being familiar with a fact or situation. It can function as the object of another verb or in various infinitive constructions.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΕΙΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *weyd- 'to see, to know'. In Greek, it developed into a perfect tense with a present meaning, signifying a state of knowing as a result of having seen or perceived.

G2245

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hay-LEE-kon

Translations: how great, how large, how old, of what age, how much, a how great thing, a how large thing

Notes: This word is an interrogative adjective used to ask or exclaim about the size, age, or quantity of something. It can be translated as 'how great,' 'how large,' or 'how old,' depending on the context. It is often used in questions or exclamations to emphasize the extent of something.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΗΛΙΚΟΣ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΗΛΙΚΟΣ (hēlikos) is derived from the root ἥλιξ (hēlix), meaning 'of the same age' or 'of the same size'. It is related to words indicating age and size.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-khoh

Translations: have, hold, possess, keep, be able, be in a certain condition

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It can also mean 'to possess', 'to keep', or 'to be in a certain state or condition'. It is used in a wide variety of contexts to indicate possession, capability, or a state of being.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to Latin 'habeo' (to have) and English 'have'.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G2993

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: lah-oh-dih-KEE-ah

Translations: Laodicea

Notes: Laodicea was an ancient city in Asia Minor, located in the Lycus River valley. It was a significant center of trade and finance in the Roman province of Asia. The city is mentioned in the New Testament, particularly in the Book of Revelation and the Epistle to the Colossians, as one of the seven churches of Asia.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Dative

Etymology: The name Laodicea is derived from the Greek words 'λαός' (laos), meaning 'people', and 'δίκη' (dike), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It was often named after a ruler's wife or mother, in this case, Laodice, the wife of Antiochus II Theos.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-soy

Translations: as many as, all who, whoever, how many

Notes: This word functions as a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'all who'. It introduces a relative clause and refers to a quantity or number of people or things. It is used to connect a dependent clause to a main clause, specifying the extent or number of the antecedent.

Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ὅς (hos, 'this, that') and the suffix -σος (-sos), indicating quantity or degree. It is related to other words indicating quantity or extent.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH

Translations: no, not, never, by no means

Notes: This word is a negative adverb used to express absolute negation. It is typically used before a vowel with a rough breathing mark (like 'ουχί' or 'οὐχ') or before a consonant with a smooth breathing mark (like 'οὐκ'). It denies a statement or fact, indicating that something is not true or does not exist. It can be used to negate verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂u- meaning 'not'. It is an ancient Greek negative particle.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-OH-pon

Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance

Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-kleh-THOH-seen

Translations: may be comforted, may be exhorted, may be encouraged, may be entreated, may be consoled

Notes: This is a verb meaning to call to one's side, to summon, to invite, to implore, to comfort, to encourage, or to exhort. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΚΑΛΕΩ (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. In this specific form, it is in the passive voice, indicating that the subject is receiving the action of being called, comforted, or exhorted. It is often used in contexts of offering solace, urging action, or providing support.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΟΜΑΙ, ΘΑΡΣΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ is a compound of the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΚΑΛΕΩ (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. It literally means 'to call alongside' and developed senses of inviting, summoning, comforting, and exhorting.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G4822

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soom-bee-bas-THEN-tes

Translations: having been knit together, having been joined together, having been united, having been brought together, having been put together, having been proved, having been concluded

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle of the verb ΣΥΜΒΙΒΑΖΩ, which means to join together, unite, or knit together. It can also mean to prove or conclude something by bringing facts together. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun. It is a compound word formed from ΣΥΝ (together with) and ΒΙΒΑΖΩ (to cause to go, to make firm).

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΡΜΟΛΟΓΗΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΔΕΘΕΝΤΕΣ

G4822

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: sym-bee-bas-THEN-tohn

Translations: (of) having been joined together, (of) having been knit together, (of) having been united, (of) having been proved, (of) having been concluded, (of) having been instructed

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb συμβιβάζω (symbibazō). It describes something or someone that has undergone the action of being joined, united, proved, or instructed. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, and can also convey a temporal or causal relationship. In this form, it indicates a completed action in the past, experienced by the subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΡΜΟΛΟΓΗΘΕΝΤΩΝ, ΣΥΝΕΖΕΥΓΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word συμβιβάζω (symbibazō) is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb βιβάζω (bibazō), meaning 'to cause to go' or 'to mount.' Thus, it literally means 'to cause to go together' or 'to bring together,' leading to its meanings of joining, uniting, or proving.

G0026

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GAH-pay

Translations: love, charity, affection, a love

Notes: This word refers to a specific kind of love, often described as unconditional, benevolent, and self-sacrificing. It is distinct from other Greek words for love like 'eros' (romantic love) or 'philia' (brotherly love). In Koine Greek, especially in the New Testament, it denotes a divine or spiritual love, often commanded or exemplified by God. It can be used in sentences to describe the love between God and humanity, between believers, or even love for one's enemies.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of 'agape' is uncertain, but it is thought to be a pre-Greek word or derived from a root meaning 'to be fond of'. In classical Greek, it was not a prominent term for love, but it gained significant theological importance in Koine Greek, particularly in the Septuagint and the New Testament, where it was chosen to describe God's unique and unconditional love.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole

Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.

G4149

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLOO-tos

Translations: wealth, riches, abundance, a wealth, a richness, an abundance

Notes: This word refers to material wealth, riches, or abundance. It is often used in a general sense to describe possessions or prosperity. It can be used in sentences like 'He had great wealth' or 'The abundance of the harvest was evident'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΙΑ, ΕΥΠΟΡΙΑ

Etymology: From πλέω (pleō, "to sail"), referring to the wealth gained through sea trade, or from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- ("to fill").

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1922

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ig-NOH-sin

Translations: knowledge, full knowledge, accurate knowledge, recognition, a knowledge

Notes: This word refers to a precise, accurate, or full knowledge, often implying a deeper understanding or recognition rather than mere acquaintance. It is a compound word formed from 'epi' (upon, in addition to) and 'gnosis' (knowledge), suggesting an intensified or complete form of knowledge. It is frequently used in a spiritual or theological context to denote a true and saving knowledge of God or divine truth.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ, ΣΟΦΙΑ

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G3466

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: moo-stee-REE-oo

Translations: of mystery, of a mystery, of secret, of a secret

Notes: This word refers to a mystery or a secret. In a theological context, it often denotes a divine secret that was previously hidden but is now revealed, especially through God's revelation. It is used to describe something that is not fully understood or known by everyone, but which may be revealed to those who are initiated or enlightened. It can also refer to a hidden purpose or plan.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΥΦΟΝ, ΚΡΥΠΤΟΝ

Etymology: From the Greek verb μυέω (myeō), meaning 'to initiate into the mysteries', which is related to μύω (myō), 'to shut the mouth or eyes'. The word thus implies something that is kept secret or revealed only to initiates.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G0613

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-po-KROO-foy

Translations: hidden, secret, obscure, hidden things, secret things

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'hidden' or 'secret'. It describes something that is concealed, kept out of sight, or not revealed to the public. It can refer to things that are physically hidden, or to knowledge or truths that are obscure or known only to a select few. In its plural form, it can be used substantively to mean 'hidden things' or 'secret places'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΡΥΠΤΟΣ, ΑΦΑΝΗΣ, ΛΑΘΡΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΚΡΥΦΟΣ (apokryphos) is derived from the Greek preposition ΑΠΟ (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΚΡΥΠΤΩ (krypto), meaning 'to hide' or 'to conceal'. Thus, it literally means 'hidden away' or 'concealed from'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TICE

Translations: some, any, a certain, a, an, someone, something, anyone, anything, what, which, who, whom

Notes: This word is a pronoun or adjective meaning 'some,' 'any,' 'a certain,' or 'someone/something.' It is used to refer to an unspecified person or thing. In its interrogative form (which would have an acute accent on the first syllable, not present in the input), it means 'who,' 'what,' or 'which.' In its indefinite form (which would have an enclitic accent, not present in the input), it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain,' 'some,' or 'any.' Without diacritics, it can represent both the interrogative and indefinite forms, and its precise meaning depends on context.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine or Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ, ΕΤΕΡΟΣ, ΑΛΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the interrogative and indefinite pronouns found in many Indo-European languages.

G3884

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-lo-GIZ-ee-tai

Translations: deceive, delude, mislead, cheat, defraud

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to deceive, delude, or mislead someone, often through false reasoning or specious arguments. It implies tricking someone into believing something that is not true, or leading them astray from the truth. It can also mean to cheat or defraud. It is used in contexts where someone is being led astray by persuasive but deceptive words.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΕΞΑΠΑΤΑΩ

G4006

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pi-tha-no-lo-GHEE-ah

Translations: persuasive speech, plausible speech, a persuasive speech, plausible discourse

Notes: This word refers to speech that is persuasive or plausible, often implying a deceptive or misleading quality. It describes a type of discourse that aims to convince through cleverness or superficial appeal rather than through truth or sound reasoning. It is a compound word formed from 'πιθανός' (pithanos), meaning 'plausible' or 'persuasive', and 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word' or 'speech'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΗ, ΠΛΑΝΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πιθανός (pithanós, “plausible, persuasive”) + -λογία (-logía, “-logy, discourse”).

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G0002

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AP-ay-mee

Translations: I am absent, to be absent, to be away, to be gone

Notes: This verb means 'to be absent' or 'to be away'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'απο' (away from) and the verb 'ειμι' (to be). It describes a state of being physically or metaphorically distant from a place or person.

Inflection: Present Indicative, Active, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΧΩ, ΑΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΕΙΜΙ is a compound of the preposition ΑΠΟ (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Its meaning is derived directly from the combination of these two elements.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-mee

Translations: to be, I am, you are, he is, she is, it is, we are, they are, to exist, to happen, to occur, to come to pass

Notes: This is the Greek verb 'to be', one of the most fundamental verbs in the language. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. It can function as a linking verb, connecting the subject to a predicate noun or adjective, or it can indicate simple existence or occurrence. Its meaning often depends on the context and the case of the noun or pronoun it accompanies.

Inflection: Infinitive or First Person Singular Present Active Indicative. It is a highly irregular verb with many forms for person, number, tense, mood, and voice.

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'eimi' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb found across many Indo-European languages.

G5463

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: khai-RON

Translations: rejoicing, being glad, joyful, glad, happily, with joy

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'ΧΑΙΡΩ' (chairo), meaning 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. As a participle, it describes an action that is happening concurrently with the main verb, often functioning adjectivally to describe a noun (e.g., 'the rejoicing man') or adverbially to describe the manner of an action (e.g., 'he came rejoicing'). It conveys a state of joy or happiness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΩΝ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G0991

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: BLEH-poh

Translations: see, look, perceive, behold, beware, consider, discern, take heed

Notes: This verb means to see, look, or perceive, often with an emphasis on the act of looking or the mental perception of something. It can be used to describe physical sight, but also to understand, discern, or pay attention to something. It is frequently used in the imperative to mean 'beware' or 'take heed'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular. As a verb, it inflects for person, number, tense, mood, and voice.

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΩ

Etymology: From an unstated root, possibly related to the idea of 'to look' or 'to see'. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of usage.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G4741

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: steh-REH-oh-mah

Translations: firmament, an expanse, a foundation, a support

Notes: This word refers to a solid or firm structure, often used in ancient cosmology to describe the 'firmament' or 'expanse' of the heavens, conceived as a solid dome or vault supporting the waters above. It can also refer to a foundation or support for something. It is used to denote stability and strength.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΡΑΝΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΣ, ΘΕΜΕΛΙΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb στερεόω (stereoō), meaning 'to make firm, to strengthen', which itself comes from στερεός (stereos), meaning 'solid, firm'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-ON

Translations: Lord, a Lord

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΝ (KYRION), meaning 'Lord'. It is the accusative singular form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (KYRIOS), which means 'Lord' or 'Master'. It is used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or sometimes to a human master or owner. In the provided context, it is used with the accusative article 'ΤΟΝ', indicating it is the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ

Etymology: From ΚΥΡΟΣ (KYROS), meaning 'power' or 'authority'. It refers to one who has power or authority, hence 'lord' or 'master'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G4043

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-pah-TEH-ee-teh

Translations: walk, live, conduct yourselves, behave

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to walk, either literally or metaphorically. In a metaphorical sense, it refers to one's manner of life, conduct, or behavior. It is often used in the New Testament to describe how one should live their life in accordance with certain principles or beliefs.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΖΑΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and πατέω (pateō), meaning 'to tread' or 'to walk'. Thus, it literally means 'to walk around' or 'to tread about'.

G4492

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ehr-ri-ZOH-meh-noy

Translations: rooted, having been rooted, established, firmly fixed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'rhizoo', meaning 'to root' or 'to cause to take root'. As a participle, it describes a state of being rooted or having been rooted. It implies a deep and stable foundation, often used metaphorically to describe someone who is firmly established or grounded in faith, love, or a particular teaching. It conveys a sense of stability and security.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine Plural (Nominative/Vocative) or Neuter Plural (Nominative/Accusative/Vocative)

Synonyms: ΘΕΜΕΛΙΟΩ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'rhizoo' (from which 'errizomenoi' is derived) comes from 'rhiza' (G4491), meaning 'root'. It signifies the act of causing something to take root or become firmly established, drawing on the literal image of a plant's roots providing stability.

G2026

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-oy-ko-do-MOO-me-noy

Translations: being built upon, being built up, being edified

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'epi' (upon, in addition to) and 'oikodomeo' (to build a house, to build). It means to be built upon something, or to be built up, often in a spiritual or moral sense, referring to the process of edification or strengthening. It describes a continuous action of construction or development.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ is derived from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi, 'upon, in addition to') and the verb ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ (oikodomeō, 'to build a house, to build'). ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ itself comes from ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos, 'house') and ΔΕΜΩ (demō, 'to build').

G4102

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PIS-tei

Translations: (by) faith, (in) faith, (with) faith, (to) faith, (by) trust, (in) trust, (with) trust, (to) trust, (by) belief, (in) belief, (with) belief, (to) belief

Notes: This word is a noun meaning 'faith,' 'trust,' or 'belief.' It refers to a firm conviction or reliance on something or someone. In Koine Greek, it is often used to describe spiritual faith, particularly in God or Christ. As a dative case, it indicates the means, instrument, or recipient of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'by,' 'in,' 'with,' or 'to.'

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ, ΕΛΠΙΣ

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G4052

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ris-SEV-oh-tes

Translations: abounding, overflowing, excelling, having in abundance, being left over, those who abound, those who overflow

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'perisseuo'. It describes an action of abounding, overflowing, or excelling. It can be used to describe someone or something that has more than enough, or that is in excess. In its plural form, as seen here, it refers to 'those who abound' or 'those who are in abundance'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝΑΖΩ, ΥΠΕΡΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ

G2169

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-kha-ris-TEE-ah

Translations: thanksgiving, gratitude, a thanksgiving, a gratitude, Eucharist

Notes: This word refers to the act of giving thanks or expressing gratitude. In a religious context, particularly within Christianity, it also refers to the sacrament of the Eucharist or Holy Communion, which is a service of thanksgiving. It is used to describe both the general feeling of thankfulness and the specific act or ritual of giving thanks.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΙΑ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and χάρις (charis), meaning 'grace' or 'favor'. Thus, it literally means 'good grace' or 'well-graced', evolving to mean 'thanksgiving' or 'gratitude'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tai

Translations: will be, shall be, it will be, it shall be

Notes: This word is the third person singular future indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It signifies an action or state that will occur in the future. It is commonly used to express future existence, occurrence, or a future state of being, often translated as 'will be' or 'shall be'. For example, 'it will be done' or 'he will be there'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent in future)

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (to be). It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language, tracing its roots back to the earliest stages of Indo-European.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G4812

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soo-lah-go-GOHN

Translations: of one leading captive, of one carrying off as spoil, of one plundering, of one enslaving, leading captive, carrying off as spoil, plundering, enslaving

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from 'σύλη' (spoil, plunder) and 'ἀγωγή' (a leading, a carrying). It describes someone who leads others away as captives or spoils of war, metaphorically implying someone who carries off or plunders people, often in a deceptive or misleading way, as if enslaving their minds or beliefs. It is used to describe the act of leading someone astray or captivating them with false teachings.

Inflection: Masculine or Neuter, Genitive, Singular; or Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΧΜΑΛΩΤΕΥΩΝ, ΑΠΑΤΩΝ, ΠΛΑΝΩΝ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G5385

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-loh-soh-FEE-ahs

Translations: of philosophy, of a philosophy

Notes: This word refers to philosophy, the love of wisdom, or a system of philosophical thought. It is used to describe the pursuit of knowledge and understanding, often in a broad sense. In ancient contexts, it could encompass various fields of study, including ethics, logic, and physics.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΟΣΟΦΙΑ (philosophia) is a compound word derived from ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and ΣΟΦΙΑ (sophia), meaning 'wisdom'. Thus, it literally means 'love of wisdom'.

G2756

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: keh-NES

Translations: empty, vain, without effect, of no effect, of no purpose, of no result, without success, without content, without substance

Notes: This word describes something as empty, vain, or without substance. It can refer to something literally empty, like a container, or metaphorically empty, like an effort that yields no results or a promise that is not kept. It implies a lack of content, purpose, or effectiveness.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΑΡΓΟΣ, ΑΝΩΦΕΛΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΕΝΟΣ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'empty'.

G0539

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-PAH-tays

Translations: of deceit, of deception, of fraud, of delusion

Notes: This word refers to the act or state of deceiving or being deceived. It encompasses concepts of fraud, trickery, and delusion, often implying a misleading or false appearance. It is used to describe situations where truth is obscured or distorted.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΑΝΗ, ΔΟΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΑΤΗ (apate) comes from the verb ἀπατάω (apatao), meaning 'to deceive' or 'to cheat'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is related to the idea of misleading or causing error.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-THROH-pohn

Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) mankind, (of) human beings

Notes: This word is likely a misspelling of ΑΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ (anthrōpōn), which is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ (anthrōpos). It refers to human beings in general, or specifically to men. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated as 'of men' or 'of people'. It is used to describe something belonging to or related to humanity.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΩΝ, ΑΝΔΡΩΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G4747

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: stoy-KHEE-ah

Translations: elements, rudiments, principles, basic teachings, elementary principles, elemental spirits

Notes: This word refers to the fundamental components or basic principles of something. In a physical sense, it can mean the 'elements' of the world (like earth, air, fire, water). In a more abstract sense, it refers to the 'rudiments' or 'basic teachings' of a subject, such as the ABCs of a language or the foundational principles of a philosophy or religion. It can also refer to 'elemental spirits' or cosmic forces, particularly in a philosophical or theological context, representing the basic, often pagan, spiritual forces believed to govern the world.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙ, ΒΑΣΕΙΣ, ΘΕΜΕΛΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb 'στοιχέω' (stoicheō), meaning 'to be in a row, to march in order, to conform to'. It originally referred to anything in a row or series, like letters of the alphabet, and then extended to mean the basic components or principles of something.

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-moo

Translations: (of) world, (of) universe, (of) adornment, (of) order, (of) a world, (of) an adornment

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' (kosmos). It refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean an adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In a sentence, it often indicates possession or origin, such as 'of the world' or 'belonging to the world'.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗΣ, ΑΙΩΝΟΣ, ΚΟΣΜΗΜΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' comes from the Greek verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to put in order'. From this, it developed the sense of an orderly arrangement, then an adornment, and finally the ordered universe or world.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G2730

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-toy-KEE

Translations: dwells, inhabits, lives, resides

Notes: This word means to dwell, inhabit, or reside in a place. It describes the act of living in a specific location, often with a sense of permanence or establishment. It is formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΩ, ΖΑΩ, ΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΟΙΚΕΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of dwelling.

G4138

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: play-ROH-mah

Translations: fullness, a fullness, completion, what fills, contents, a full measure, a complement, fulfillment

Notes: This word refers to that which fills or completes something. It can denote the contents of a vessel, the full measure or amount of something, or the completion or fulfillment of a period of time, a prophecy, or a purpose. It is often used to describe the abundance or totality of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΩΣΙΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the verb ΠΛΗΡΟΩ (PLEROO), meaning 'to fill' or 'to complete', which itself comes from ΠΛΗΡΗΣ (PLERES), meaning 'full'.

G4137

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pep-lay-ROH-me-noy

Translations: filled, having been filled, completed, having been completed, fulfilled, having been fulfilled

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been filled' or 'having been completed'. It describes a state of being full or complete as a result of a past action. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be used to describe someone or something that has been made full, accomplished, or brought to an end.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΕΜΩ, ΠΛΗΘΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G2776

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: keh-fah-LEE

Translations: head, a head, chief, ruler, source, summit

Notes: This word primarily refers to the physical head of a body. Metaphorically, it can signify a person in authority or a leader, the origin or source of something, or the culmination or summit of a thing. It is used in various contexts to denote both literal and figurative meanings.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗΓΟΣ, ΚΟΡΥΦΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'head'. It is related to words for 'head' in other Indo-European languages.

G0746

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-KHAYS

Translations: of beginning, of rule, of ruler, of authority, of origin, of first place, of chief, of a ruler, of a chief

Notes: This word refers to the beginning of something, the first in a series, or the origin. It can also denote a position of authority, rule, or a person holding such a position, like a ruler or chief. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, such as 'of the beginning' or 'of the ruler'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΕΦΑΛΗΣ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΟΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΥ

G1577

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-as

Translations: of the church, of an assembly, of the congregation, churches, assemblies, congregations

Notes: This word refers to a gathering of people, an assembly, or a congregation. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Christian church, either a local gathering of believers or the universal body of believers. It can also refer to a secular assembly or a mob. The form 'ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑΣ' can be either the genitive singular (indicating possession or origin, 'of the church') or the accusative plural (indicating the direct object, 'churches').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ

G4061

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-et-MEE-thee-teh

Translations: you were circumcised, be circumcised

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to circumcise'. In the Koine Greek New Testament, it is often used literally to refer to the physical act of circumcision, but also metaphorically to describe a spiritual cutting away of sin or the old self. It can be used in a command form (imperative) or as a statement of fact (indicative).

Inflection: 2nd Person Plural, Aorist, Passive, Indicative or Imperative

Etymology: The word περιτέμνω is a compound word formed from περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and τέμνω (temnō), meaning 'to cut'. Thus, it literally means 'to cut around'.

G4061

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: peh-ree-toh-MEE

Translations: circumcision, a circumcision

Notes: This word refers to the act of circumcision, a religious or cultural practice involving the removal of the foreskin. It is often used in a literal sense, but in the New Testament, it can also be used metaphorically to refer to a spiritual transformation or a covenant relationship with God, as opposed to a mere physical act.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative

Etymology: From the Greek verb περιτέμνω (peritemnō), meaning 'to cut around', which is a compound of περί (peri, 'around') and τέμνω (temnō, 'to cut').

G555

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pek-DY-see

Translations: to a stripping off, to a putting off, to a divesting, to a disrobing, to a despoiling

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'απεκδυσις' (apekduysis), meaning a 'stripping off' or 'putting off'. It refers to the act of divesting oneself of something, often metaphorically, such as old ways of life or sin. In context, it indicates the recipient or purpose of such an action.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΚΔΥΣΙΣ, ΑΠΟΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'απεκδυσις' (apekduysis) is derived from the verb 'απεκδυομαι' (apekdyomai), which means 'to strip off completely'. It is formed from the prefix 'απο-' (apo-, 'from, off'), 'εκ-' (ek-, 'out of'), and 'δυω' (dyo, 'to put on or off').

G4891

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ay-GER-thay-teh

Translations: you were raised together, you were raised with, you were made alive with

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb ἐγείρω (egeirō), meaning 'to raise' or 'to awaken.' Therefore, it means 'to raise together' or 'to be raised with.' It is used to describe a spiritual resurrection or being brought to new life in conjunction with someone else, often Christ.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΖΩΟΠΟΙΕΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΩ

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GAY-ran-tos

Translations: of having raised, of having awakened, of having risen, of having built up

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'egeiro'. It describes someone who has performed the action of raising, awakening, or causing something to rise or be built up. It is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to' the one who performed the action.

Inflection: Participle, Aorist, Active, Genitive, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΑΝΟΡΘΟΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G3498

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: NEK-ron

Translations: of the dead, of dead ones

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΝΕΚΡΟΣ', meaning 'dead' or 'a dead person'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the dead' or 'belonging to the dead'. It can refer to deceased individuals collectively or to the state of being dead.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΕΩΤΩΝ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to lie down' or 'to be still', related to the idea of a corpse or something lifeless.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ON-tas

Translations: being, existing, a being, an existing one

Notes: This word is the masculine or neuter accusative plural form of the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something or someone that is 'being' or 'existing' at the present moment, often functioning as a substantive meaning 'those who are' or 'things that are'. It can also be used to describe the state or condition of a group of people or things.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΣ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The verb εἰμί (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G0026

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ak-roh-by-STEE-ah

Translations: uncircumcision, foreskin, a state of being uncircumcised

Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from 'akros' (meaning 'highest' or 'outermost') and 'bystia' (meaning 'foreskin'). It refers to the state of being uncircumcised, or more literally, the foreskin itself. In a broader sense, especially in theological contexts, it can denote the condition of Gentiles who were not part of the covenant with God through circumcision, contrasting with the circumcised Jews. It is often used to describe a spiritual state of being outside the covenant.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: Derived from the Greek words ΑΚΡΟΣ (AKROS), meaning 'highest' or 'outermost,' and ΒΥΣΤΙΑ (BYSTIA), meaning 'foreskin.' It literally refers to the 'outermost foreskin' or the state of having it.

G4806

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-zoh-oh-poy-EE-sen

Translations: made alive together, quickened together, made alive with, quickened with

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to make alive together with' or 'to quicken together with'. It describes the act of bringing someone or something to life in conjunction with another, often implying a shared experience of resurrection or spiritual revitalization. It is typically used in a past tense to describe an action that has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Etymology: The word is a compound of ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΖΩΟΠΟΙΕΩ (ZOPOIEŌ), meaning 'to make alive' or 'to quicken'. ΖΩΟΠΟΙΕΩ itself comes from ΖΩΟΣ (ZOOS), meaning 'alive', and ΠΟΙΕΩ (POIEŌ), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'.

G5483

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kha-ree-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having shown favor, having given freely, having forgiven, having granted, having bestowed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'χαρίζομαι' (charizomai), meaning 'to show favor,' 'to give freely,' or 'to forgive.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating someone who has performed the act of showing favor, giving, or forgiving. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb in a sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΔΩΡΕΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'χαρίζω' (charizō) comes from 'χάρις' (charis), meaning 'grace,' 'favor,' or 'kindness.' It is related to the concept of a free gift or unmerited favor.

G1813

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ah-LEE-psas

Translations: having wiped out, having blotted out, having erased, having abolished, having removed

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'exaleiphō'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, specifically the act of completely wiping, blotting, or erasing something. It can refer to physical removal, such as wiping away tears or dirt, or to the metaphorical removal of something, like sins or a debt.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΕΚΚΟΠΤΩ

Etymology: The verb ἐξαλείφω (exaleiphō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἀλείφω (aleiphō), meaning 'to anoint' or 'to smear'. The combination suggests the action of smearing or wiping something completely away.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G5498

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kheh-ee-ROG-ra-fon

Translations: handwriting, a handwriting, bond, a bond, certificate, a certificate, document, a document

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'χείρ' (hand) and 'γράφω' (to write). It refers to something written by hand, such as a document, a bond, or a certificate of debt. In ancient contexts, it often denotes a legal document, especially one acknowledging an obligation or debt.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΜΜΑ, ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'χείρ' (cheir, "hand") and 'γράφω' (graphō, "to write"). It literally means "hand-written" or "something written by hand."

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G5227

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoo-pen-AN-tee-on

Translations: contrary, adverse, hostile, an opponent, an adversary

Notes: This word describes something that is in opposition to or against something else. It signifies being contrary, hostile, or adverse. It is often used to describe things that are in conflict or disagreement with a person or a principle. In the provided context, it describes something that was 'contrary to us' or 'against us'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo, 'under') and ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ (enantios, 'opposite, contrary'). It literally means 'being under or against'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G3319

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: MEH-soo

Translations: middle, midst, among, between, in the middle, in the midst, (of) the middle, (of) the midst

Notes: This word refers to the middle or midst of something. As an adjective, it describes something as being in the middle. When used as a noun, often in the genitive case (like ΜΕΣΟΥ), it functions adverbially to indicate being in the midst of or among something or someone, frequently appearing with prepositions like διά (through) or ἐν (in).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΝ, ΜΕΣΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *medʰyo- (middle). It is cognate with Latin medius and English mid.

G4717

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: stow-ROH

Translations: to crucify, to impale, to fix on a cross

Notes: This verb means to crucify or to impale, referring to the act of putting someone to death by fastening them to a cross or stake. It is often used in the context of execution. For example, one might say 'they crucified him' or 'he was crucified'.

Inflection: Present Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular; or Present Active Subjunctive, 1st Person Singular; or Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Singular; or Present Active Infinitive

Etymology: From the Greek word ΣΤΑΥΡΟΣ (stauros), meaning 'cross' or 'stake'. The verb is formed from the noun, indicating the action associated with a cross.

G0554

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pek-dy-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having stripped off, having put off, having divested oneself of, having despoiled

Notes: This word describes the action of completely stripping off or divesting oneself of something, often implying a thorough removal or separation. It can also mean to despoil or plunder, taking something away from another. It is used to convey a decisive and complete act of removal.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΔΥΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΔΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From G0575 (APO) meaning 'from, away from' and G1562 (EKDYOMAI) meaning 'to strip off'. It signifies a complete separation or removal.

G1165

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DIG-mah-tee-sen

Translations: he exposed, he made a public example of, he put to open shame, he disgraced

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'δειγματίζω' (deigmatizo). It means to expose publicly, to make a public example of, or to put to open shame. It implies a public display of someone's fault or disgrace, often with the intent of humiliation.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΡΗΣΙΑΖΩ, ΕΚΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'δεῖγμα' (deigma), meaning 'a sample, a specimen, an example,' which itself comes from 'δείκνυμι' (deiknymi), meaning 'to show, to point out.' The verb 'δειγματίζω' thus means 'to make an example of' or 'to show forth publicly.'

G3954

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: par-ray-SEE-ah

Translations: boldness, a boldness, confidence, a confidence, frankness, a frankness, plainness of speech, a plainness of speech, openness, an openness, courage, a courage

Notes: This word refers to the quality of speaking or acting with boldness, frankness, and confidence, especially in public or before authorities. It implies a lack of fear or hesitation in expressing one's thoughts or beliefs. It can be used to describe someone who speaks openly and without reservation, even when facing opposition or danger.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΟΣ, ΤΟΛΜΑ, ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all', and ῥῆσις (rhēsis), meaning 'speech' or 'saying'. Thus, it literally means 'all speech' or 'speaking everything', conveying the idea of unreserved or complete freedom of speech.

G2358

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: three-am-BEV-sas

Translations: having triumphed over, having led in triumph, triumphing over, leading in triumph

Notes: This word describes the act of celebrating a victory or leading a triumphal procession. As a participle, it indicates an action that has been completed or is ongoing, often functioning adverbially to describe how another action is performed. It implies a public display of victory, often over an enemy or obstacle.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Particle

Sounds like: EP-see-lon (as a letter name), eh (as a sound)

Translations: E, 5, if, then, indeed

Notes: This is the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet, epsilon. It can represent the number 5. As a standalone word, 'Ε' is not typically found in Koine Greek texts. It is highly probable that 'Ε' in the provided context is a typographical error or an abbreviation for a word like 'εἰ' (if) or 'ἐν' (in). If it were 'εἰ', it would function as a conditional particle meaning 'if'. If it were 'ἐν', it would be a preposition meaning 'in' or 'among'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or numeral). As a particle, it does not inflect.

Etymology: The letter Epsilon (Ε) is derived from the Phoenician letter He. Its name 'epsilon' means 'simple E' to distinguish it from the diphthong 'αι' (ai), which had come to be pronounced the same way.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G4639

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKEE-ah

Translations: shadow, a shadow

Notes: This word refers to a shadow, which is an area where direct light from a light source is blocked by an opaque object. It can be used literally to describe a physical shadow cast by an object or person. Metaphorically, it can refer to something that is a mere outline, a faint image, or a prefigurement of something to come, suggesting an imperfect or temporary representation of a greater reality.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *skeh₃i- (to shine, gleam, shadow).

G3195

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lon-toh

Translations: about to, going to, intending, destined to, future, (of) those about to

Notes: ΜΕΛΛΟΝΤΩ is the genitive plural form of the present active participle of the verb ΜΕΛΛΩ. It indicates an action that is imminent, about to happen, or intended. It can also describe something that is destined to occur or refers to the future. When used with a genitive noun, it translates as 'of those about to' or 'of the ones who are going to'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ

G4983

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SOH-mah

Translations: body, a body, flesh, a slave

Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a human or animal, or a physical object. It can also metaphorically refer to a group of people or a community, or even to the substance of something. In some contexts, it can refer to a slave or servant, as a 'body' belonging to another.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΧΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain. It is possibly derived from the verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve', implying something that is kept or preserved.

G2602

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-brah-be-YOO-eh-toh

Translations: defraud, condemn, deprive of a prize, rule against, disqualify, judge adversely

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to 'judge adversely' or 'deprive of a prize'. It implies a situation where someone is unfairly ruled against or disqualified, often through deceit or a biased judgment, preventing them from receiving what they deserve. It can also mean to defraud or condemn.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Imperative Mood

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΚΛΕΙΩ, ΑΔΙΚΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and βραβεύω (brabeuō), meaning 'to act as an umpire' or 'to award the prize'. The combination suggests an action of judging or ruling 'against' someone, leading to their disqualification or deprivation of a reward.

G5012

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tah-pee-noh-froh-SOO-nay

Translations: humility, lowliness of mind, modesty, a low estimate of one's own moral worth, a humble spirit

Notes: This is a compound noun formed from 'ταπεινός' (tapeinos), meaning 'lowly' or 'humble', and 'φρήν' (phren), meaning 'mind' or 'understanding'. It refers to the quality of having a humble spirit or a modest estimate of one's own importance. It describes a state of mind that is free from arrogance and pride, often associated with a proper understanding of one's place before God or others. It is used to describe a virtue in Christian ethics.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΟΤΗΣ, ΕΠΙΕΙΚΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: 'ταπεινός' (tapeinos), meaning 'lowly, humble', and 'φρήν' (phren), meaning 'mind, understanding'. It literally means 'low-mindedness' but in a virtuous sense, referring to a humble disposition.

G2356

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thrays-KAY-ah

Translations: religion, worship, religious observance, a religion

Notes: This word refers to religion or religious worship, specifically emphasizing the outward expression and practice of one's faith. It denotes the system of religious beliefs and practices, or the act of performing religious duties and rituals. It can be used to describe a specific religious system or the general concept of piety and devotion.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΛΑΤΡΕΙΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be derived from a root meaning 'to be afraid' or 'to tremble', possibly referring to the awe or reverence felt in the presence of the divine. It describes the outward expression of religious devotion.

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lon-TON

Translations: (of) those about to, (of) future (things/people), (of) those going to, (of) those intending to

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'μέλλω' (mellō), which means 'to be about to', 'to intend to', or 'to be destined to'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is on the verge of doing something or that pertains to the future. It often indicates an imminent action or a future state.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΩΝ, ΜΕΛΛΟΝΤΕΣ, ΜΕΛΛΟΥΣΩΝ

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-O-rah-ken

Translations: has seen, has beheld, has perceived

Notes: This is the third person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. The perfect tense indicates an action completed in the past with continuing results in the present. Therefore, 'εόρακεν' means 'he/she/it has seen' or 'he/she/it has perceived'. It describes a state of having seen something, the effects of which are still relevant.

Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΙΔΟΥ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

G1706

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-ba-TEH-oon

Translations: entering, going into, treading, intruding, dwelling, taking one's stand

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'εμβατεύω' (embateuō). It describes the action of entering into a place, treading on something, or taking possession. In a figurative sense, it can also mean to intrude or to dwell upon a subject.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'εμβατεύω' is a compound verb formed from 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and 'βατεύω' (bateuō), meaning 'to tread' or 'to go', which itself comes from 'βαίνω' (bainō), 'to go'.

G1500

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ee-KAY

Translations: without cause, in vain, to no purpose, rashly, thoughtlessly, without reason, for nothing

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'without cause' or 'in vain'. It describes an action or state that lacks a proper reason, is done thoughtlessly, or yields no positive result. It can imply futility or recklessness. For example, one might 'speak in vain' (λαλεῖν εἰκῇ) if their words have no effect.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΤΑΙΩΣ, ΑΝΩΦΕΛΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be an old adverbial formation.

G5448

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: foo-see-OO-meh-noss

Translations: being puffed up, being inflated, being arrogant, being conceited

Notes: This word describes the state of being inflated, puffed up, or made arrogant. It is often used metaphorically to refer to someone who is conceited or proud, thinking too highly of themselves. It implies a sense of emptiness or superficiality despite the outward appearance of importance.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑΩ, ΚΑΥΧΑΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G3563

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NOH-os

Translations: mind, a mind, understanding, a faculty of understanding, intellect, a way of thinking, thought, a thought, reason, a reason

Notes: Νοῦς (noos) refers to the mind, intellect, or understanding. It encompasses the faculty of perception and comprehension, as well as the thoughts, intentions, and moral disposition of a person. It can be used to describe the rational part of the soul, the seat of thought and feeling, or a particular way of thinking or mindset.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΝΟΥΣ, ΔΙΑΝΟΙΑ, ΦΡΟΝΗΜΑ

Etymology: From an uncontracted form of νοῦς (nous), which is probably from the Proto-Indo-European root *sneh₁- meaning 'to notice, to think'.

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: kra-TON

Translations: holding, ruling, prevailing, being strong, having power, a holder, a ruler, a prevailing one, a strong one, a powerful one

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'holding,' 'ruling,' or 'prevailing.' It describes someone who is currently exercising power, strength, or control over something or someone. It can function adjectivally to describe a person or thing that holds power, or verbally to describe the action of holding or ruling. It is derived from the root word for 'strength' or 'power.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΩΝ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩΝ

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G4886

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-DES-moh

Translations: (to) a bond, (to) a ligament, (to) a joint, (to) a band, (to) a tie, bond, ligament, joint, band, tie

Notes: This word refers to something that binds or holds things together, such as a bond, a tie, a band, or a ligament. In a physical sense, it can denote a joint or a ligament in the body. Metaphorically, it can refer to a bond of peace or unity. It is a compound word formed from ΣΥΝ (together with) and ΔΕΣΜΟΣ (a bond or chain).

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΟΣ, ΣΥΝΟΧΗ, ΖΕΥΓΜΑ

G2023

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-khor-ay-goo-MEH-non

Translations: being supplied, being provided, being furnished, being ministered, being given, being granted

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'epi' (upon, in addition to) and 'choregeo' (to lead a chorus, to supply). It describes the action of being abundantly supplied or fully furnished with something. It implies a continuous or ongoing provision, often with the sense of a generous or complete supply.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΟΡΗΓΕΩ, ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥΩ

G4822

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: soom-bee-ba-ZOH-meh-non

Translations: being joined together, being fitted together, being knit together, being compacted, being brought together, being proved, being concluded, being inferred, being shown, being instructed

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, derived from the verb 'symbibazo'. It describes something that is in the process of being brought together, joined, or fitted. It can also refer to something being proven, concluded, or instructed, implying a bringing together of ideas or facts. It often conveys the idea of unity, cohesion, or logical deduction.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative; or Masculine/Feminine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΡΜΟΛΟΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ, ΣΥΝΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G0599

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-tha-NEH-teh

Translations: you die, you will die, you should die, you must die

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to die' or 'to be dead'. It is often used in the context of physical death, but can also refer to spiritual death or separation. In this form, it is a command or a statement about a future event, indicating that the action of dying is performed by 'you' (plural).

Inflection: Second Person Plural, Aorist, Imperative or Indicative

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΘΝΗΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and θνῄσκω (thnēiskō, 'to die'). It literally means 'to die off' or 'to die away from'.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G4747

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: stoy-KHEE-ohn

Translations: of elements, of principles, of rudiments, of the basic components, of the elementary teachings, of the spiritual powers

Notes: This word refers to the basic components or fundamental principles of something. In a literal sense, it can mean the elements of the physical world, such as earth, air, fire, and water. Metaphorically, it can refer to the rudiments or elementary teachings of a subject, like the ABCs of a language or the foundational doctrines of a belief system. In a theological context, particularly in Koine Greek, it can also denote the spiritual powers or elemental spirits that were believed to govern the world, often seen as oppressive forces from which believers are liberated.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΟΙΧΕΙΟΝ (stoicheion) derives from the verb στοιχέω (stoicheō), meaning 'to be in a row, to march in order.' This suggests an origin related to things arranged in a series or fundamental units that form a sequence, like letters of an alphabet or basic building blocks.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G2198

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ZOHN-tes

Translations: living, the living, those who live, those who are alive

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to live'. It describes individuals or entities that are currently alive or in a state of living. It functions like an adjective or a noun, referring to 'the living ones' or 'those who are living'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΜΨΥΧΟΙ, ΕΝΕΡΓΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΖΑΩ (zaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to live'. It is related to other Greek words concerning life and vitality.

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOH-smoh

Translations: to the world, for the world, to an adornment, for an adornment, to an order, for an order

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'κόσμος' (kosmos). It refers to an orderly arrangement, an adornment, or the world itself, often implying the created universe or humanity. In its dative form, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the world, order, or adornment, depending on the context. It can also be used to indicate location or instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'κόσμος' (kosmos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to order, to adorn'. It originally referred to order or arrangement, particularly in military or governmental contexts, and later came to mean 'adornment' or 'decoration'. From there, it evolved to describe the ordered universe, and by extension, the world.

G1379

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dog-ma-TID-zes-theh

Translations: you are being commanded, you are being taught, you are being subjected to regulations, you are being dogmatized

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be commanded, taught, or subjected to regulations. It is used in the passive voice, indicating that the subject is receiving the action rather than performing it. It often refers to being bound by rules, doctrines, or decrees.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΟΓΜΑΤΙΖΩ (dogmatizō) is derived from the noun ΔΟΓΜΑ (dogma), which means 'that which seems good, an opinion, a decree, an ordinance'. ΔΟΓΜΑ itself comes from the verb ΔΟΚΕΩ (dokeō), meaning 'to seem, to think, to appear'.

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-go

Translations: word, a word, speech, a speech, account, an account, reason, a reason, message, a message, saying, a saying

Notes: This is a fundamental Koine Greek noun with a broad range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, a divine utterance, a report, an account, or even the underlying reason or principle behind something. In philosophical and theological contexts, it can refer to divine reason or the Word of God. It is used in various contexts to convey communication, thought, or a logical concept.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter (stem form)

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΦΩΝΗ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather', which developed into meanings related to speaking and reasoning in Greek.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-on-tah

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being, keeping, experiencing, a having, a holding

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or possessing. It can also be used to describe a state of being or experiencing something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or an adverb, modifying a noun or verb, and its meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, often indicating a continuous action.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΝ, ΦΕΡΟΝΤΑ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is related to other Greek words like ἕξις (héxis, 'habit, state') and ὀχή (ochḗ, 'support').

G1479

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-theh-loh-thrays-KEE-ah

Translations: self-made religion, will-worship, voluntary worship, self-imposed worship, a self-chosen form of worship

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ethelos' (will, desire) and 'threskeia' (worship, religion). It refers to a form of worship or religious practice that is chosen by oneself, rather than being commanded by God or based on divine revelation. It implies a worship that is arbitrary, self-devised, or based on human will and tradition, often leading to ascetic practices or rituals that lack true spiritual value. It can be used to describe religious observances that are outwardly pious but inwardly empty or misguided.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek terms: ἔθελος (ethelos), meaning 'will' or 'desire', and θρησκεία (thrēskeia), meaning 'worship' or 'religion'. It describes a form of worship that originates from one's own will or choice rather than from divine command.

G862

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-fay-DEE-ah

Translations: unsparingness, severity, harshness, a lack of sparing, a lack of pity

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being unsparing, severe, or harsh. It implies a lack of pity or compassion, often in the context of treating the body or oneself with rigor. It can describe a strict or ascetic discipline.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΗΝΕΙΑ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: Derived from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'not' and 'φείδομαι' (pheido-mai) meaning 'to spare'. Thus, it literally means 'not sparing'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G5092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEE-may

Translations: honor, a price, value, respect, a sum, esteem, dignity

Notes: This word refers to honor, respect, or esteem, often implying a high regard for someone or something. It can also denote a monetary value or price, indicating the worth of an item or a sum paid. It is used in sentences to describe the value or respect attributed to a person, object, or action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑ, ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΕΡΔΟΣ

Etymology: This word comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to estimate'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TEE-nee

Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which

Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

G4314