Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Codex Sinaiticus / James / Chapter 4James, Chapter 4
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G4226
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PO-then
Translations: from where, whence, from what source
Notes: This adverb is used to inquire about the origin, source, or place from which something comes. It can be translated as 'from where' or 'whence'. It is often used in interrogative sentences to ask about the starting point of an action or state.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΟΙ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: From the pronominal stem *po- (related to interrogative pronouns) and the suffix -θεν indicating origin or source.
G4171
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PO-le-moy
Translations: wars, battles, conflicts
Notes: This word refers to wars, battles, or conflicts. It is a plural noun, indicating multiple instances of such events. It is commonly used to describe armed struggles or significant disputes between groups or nations.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΑΙ, ΑΓΩΝΕΣ, ΕΡΙΔΕΣ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3162
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ma-KHA-ee
Translations: to a sword, with a sword, by a sword
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'μάχαιρα' (machaira), which means 'sword' or 'dagger'. It refers to a weapon used for cutting, stabbing, or fighting. In the dative case, it often indicates the instrument by which an action is performed, or the recipient of an action, hence 'with a sword' or 'to a sword'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΞΙΦΟΣ, ΡΟΜΦΑΙΑ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EN
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEEN
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is a second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (plural). It is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.
G1782
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: en-TEF-then
Translations: from here, hence, from this place, on this side
Notes: This adverb indicates movement or origin from a specific place or point in time. It can be used to mean 'from this place' or 'from this time forward,' often implying a departure or a new beginning. It can also refer to a direction, meaning 'on this side' or 'on the one hand'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΝΘΑΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ
Etymology: This word is formed from the preposition 'en' (in) and the demonstrative pronoun 'houtos' (this), combined with the suffix '-then' which indicates origin or direction from a place.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with
Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G2237
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-doh-NOHN
Translations: of pleasures, of delights, of desires
Notes: This word refers to pleasures, delights, or desires. It is often used in a general sense to describe things that bring enjoyment or satisfaction, but can also carry a negative connotation, referring to sensual or worldly desires that might lead one astray. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive plural, indicating 'of pleasures' or 'over pleasures'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΩΝ, ΑΠΟΛΑΥΣΕΩΝ
Etymology: From the root *hed- meaning 'sweet'. It is related to the verb ἥδομαι (hēdomai), meaning 'to be pleased' or 'to enjoy oneself'.
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G4754
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: strah-tef-oh-MEN-ohn
Translations: of those serving as soldiers, of those campaigning, of those warring, of those fighting
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to serve as a soldier' or 'to campaign'. It describes individuals who are actively engaged in military service or warfare. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, referring to 'those who are serving as soldiers'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΜΑΧΟΜΕΝΩΝ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G3149
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEH-leh-sin
Translations: (to) limbs, (to) members, (to) parts
Notes: The word refers to the parts of the body, such as limbs or members. It can also be used more broadly to refer to parts of a whole, or even musical melodies. In the provided form, it is used in the dative case, indicating the recipient or indirect object of an action, or the means by which something is done.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΕΡΗ, ΣΩΜΑΤΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (limb, member).
G1937
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-thoo-MEH-ee-teh
Translations: you desire, you covet, you long for, you lust after
Notes: This word means to desire, long for, covet, or lust after something. It can be used in both a positive sense (e.g., to desire good things) and a negative sense (e.g., to covet what belongs to others or to lust). In the provided example, it is used in the context of desiring and coveting, leading to conflict.
Inflection: Present, Indicative or Imperative, Active, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΟΡΕΓΟΜΑΙ
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-kheh-teh
Translations: you have, you hold, you possess, you keep, you are able, you are
Notes: This word means "to have," "to hold," or "to possess." It can also convey the sense of being able to do something or simply "to be" in a certain state. It is used to indicate ownership, a state of being, or a capability. For example, it can be used in sentences like "you have a book" or "you are strong."
Inflection: 2nd Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative
Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΕΧΟΜΑΙ
G5407
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: foh-NEH-yeh-teh
Translations: you murder, you kill, you slay
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to murder, kill, or slay. It specifically refers to the act of taking a life, often with intent or violence. It is used in sentences to describe the action of killing.
Inflection: 2nd Person Plural, Present Tense, Indicative or Imperative Mood, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΟΝΕΥΩ comes from φόνος (phonos), meaning 'murder' or 'slaughter'.
G2206
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ZAY-loo-teh
Translations: be zealous, be jealous, envy, covet, desire earnestly
Notes: This word describes a strong emotional state, often involving intense desire or rivalry. It can mean to be zealous for something, to eagerly pursue it, or to be passionately devoted. However, it can also carry a negative connotation, meaning to be jealous of someone, to envy them, or to covet what they have. The specific meaning depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Second Person Plural OR Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΥΜΕΩ, ΦΘΟΝΕΩ
G3756, G3757
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when
Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.
G1410
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doo-NAH-sthai
Translations: to be able, to have power, to be strong, can
Notes: This is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'δύναμαι'. It means 'to be able' or 'to have power'. It is often used in constructions where one expresses the ability or capacity to do something, similar to the English 'can' or 'to be able to'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ
Etymology: From the root 'δύναμαι', meaning 'to be able'. It is related to 'δύναμις' (dynamis), meaning 'power' or 'ability'.
G2013
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-too-KHEIN
Translations: to obtain, to attain, to succeed, to achieve, to get, to hit upon, to meet with
Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'epitunchanō'. It means to obtain or achieve something, often implying success in reaching a goal or acquiring a desired object. It can also mean to meet with someone or something by chance.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G3164
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ma-KHESTH-eh
Translations: fight, contend, quarrel, strive
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to fight, contend, or quarrel. It can refer to physical combat or to verbal disputes and arguments. It is often used as a command or exhortation to engage in such actions.
Inflection: 2nd Person Plural, Present Tense, Imperative Mood, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΕΩ, ΕΡΙΖΩ, ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ (machomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to strive' or 'to struggle'.
G4170
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: po-le-MEH-ee-teh
Translations: you fight, you wage war, you make war
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to fight' or 'to wage war'. It describes the act of engaging in conflict, whether military or otherwise. It is often used in the context of battles or hostilities between groups or individuals.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G0154
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ai-TIS-thai
Translations: to ask, to beg, to demand, to request
Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'aiteo', meaning 'to ask' or 'to request'. It describes the action of seeking something from someone, often with a sense of petition or demand. It can be used in various contexts, from a humble request to a forceful demand.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G0154
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ai-TEE-teh
Translations: ask, you ask, demand, you demand, beg, you beg
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to ask for, demand, or beg'. It is used when someone is making a request or seeking something. In this form, it is a command or an indicative statement directed at multiple people, meaning 'you (plural) ask' or 'ask (plural)!'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Second Person Plural OR Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ
Etymology: From a primary verb, possibly of uncertain origin, meaning 'to ask'.
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: lam-BAH-neh-teh
Translations: you take, you receive, you get, you seize, you accept
Notes: This word means to take, receive, or get something. It can also imply seizing or accepting. It is used when a subject is actively acquiring or coming into possession of an object. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'you take the book' or 'you receive a gift'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ
G1360
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: dee-OH-tee
Translations: because, for, since
Notes: ΔΙΟΤΙ is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia, 'through, on account of') and the conjunction ΟΤΙ (hoti, 'that, because'). It is used to introduce a clause that provides the reason or cause for something stated in the main clause, similar to 'because' or 'for' in English. It explains why something is the case.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ
G2560
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ka-KOS
Translations: badly, wrongly, wickedly, ill, severely
Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'κακός' (kakos), meaning 'bad'. It describes an action or state that is done in a bad, evil, wrong, or harmful manner. It can also indicate suffering or being in a poor condition. For example, it might be used to say someone acted 'badly' or was 'ill'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form of ΚΑΚΟΣ)
Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΩΣ, ΑΣΕΒΩΣ
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G2237
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-do-NAIS
Translations: to pleasures, by pleasures, with pleasures, pleasures, a pleasure, delight, to delights, by delights, with delights, delights
Notes: This word refers to pleasure, delight, or enjoyment. It is often used in a general sense to describe a feeling of satisfaction or gratification. In the provided form, it is in the dative plural, indicating that the pleasure is the indirect object of an action, or the means by which something is done (e.g., 'by means of pleasures' or 'to pleasures').
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΧΑΡΑ, ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word 'ἡδονή' (hēdonē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *sweh₂d- meaning 'sweet, pleasant'. It is related to the English word 'sweet'.
G1159
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-dah-pah-NEE-see-teh
Translations: spend, consume, waste, squander, use up
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix ΚΑΤΑ- (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb ΔΑΠΑΝΑΩ (dapanao), meaning 'to spend'. Therefore, it means to spend completely, to consume, or to waste something entirely. It implies a thorough and often exhaustive use or expenditure, sometimes with a negative connotation of squandering.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ, ΕΚΔΑΠΑΝΑΩ
G1159
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dah-pah-NEE-see-teh
Translations: you may spend, you may consume, you may waste
Notes: This word means to spend, consume, or waste something, often money or resources. It implies using something up, sometimes to the point of depletion or destruction. It is typically used in contexts where resources are being expended for a particular purpose, which can be good or bad.
Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ
G3432
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MOY-khoy
Translations: adulterers
Notes: This word refers to individuals who commit adultery. It is used to describe those who engage in illicit sexual relations, particularly outside the bounds of marriage. In Koine Greek, it often carries a strong moral or religious condemnation.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΟΡΝΟΙ
Etymology: The word 'ΜΟΙΧΟΣ' (moichos) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek term for an adulterer. It is related to the verb 'μοιχεύω' (moicheuō), meaning 'to commit adultery'.
G3429
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: moy-kha-LEE-des
Translations: adulterous, adulteresses, adulterers, unfaithful, faithless
Notes: This word is an adjective or noun, typically used in the plural, meaning 'adulterous' or 'adulteresses'. It describes someone who commits adultery or is unfaithful, often used metaphorically to describe spiritual unfaithfulness to God. It can refer to both men and women who engage in such behavior.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΙΣΤΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΟΙΧΑΛΙΣ (moichalis) is derived from ΜΟΙΧΟΣ (moichos), meaning 'adulterer'. The suffix -ειδες indicates a resemblance or characteristic, thus 'adulterous-like' or 'characterized by adultery'.
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OY-dah-teh
Translations: you know, you have known, you understand
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'you know' or 'you have known'. It is used to express knowledge, understanding, or acquaintance with something. It is often used in questions or statements to inquire about or assert someone's knowledge.
Inflection: Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΕΤΕ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΕΤΕ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G5373
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fee-LEE-ah
Translations: friendship, a friendship, love, a love, affection, an affection
Notes: This word refers to friendship, affection, or love, often denoting a bond of fondness or attachment between individuals or groups. It describes the state of being friends or having a strong liking for someone or something.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗ, ΕΡΩΣ
Etymology: From φίλος (philos), meaning 'dear, beloved, friendly'. It denotes the state or quality of being a friend.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2889
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOS-moo
Translations: (of) world, (of) universe, (of) adornment, (of) order, (of) a world, (of) an adornment
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' (kosmos). It refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean an adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In a sentence, it often indicates possession or origin, such as 'of the world' or 'belonging to the world'.
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗΣ, ΑΙΩΝΟΣ, ΚΟΣΜΗΜΑΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' comes from the Greek verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to put in order'. From this, it developed the sense of an orderly arrangement, then an adornment, and finally the ordered universe or world.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-too
Translations: of this, of him, of it
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun 'this' or 'he/she/it'. It indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of this' or 'of him/it', and is used to point out something specific that has already been mentioned or is understood from context.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ
G2189
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EKH-thra
Translations: enmity, hatred, hostility, a hatred
Notes: This word refers to a state of deep-seated hostility, animosity, or hatred between individuals or groups. It describes a condition of being an enemy or having a strong aversion towards someone or something. It is often used to describe a personal or relational antagonism.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΙΣΟϹ, ΑΝΤΙΠΑΘΕΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΕΧΘΡΑ (echthra) is derived from the adjective ἔχθρος (echthros), meaning 'hateful' or 'enemy'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *eghs-, meaning 'out, away from', suggesting a sense of being alienated or separated.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tee
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists, it exists, it is possible
Notes: This word is a common form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It can be used to link a subject to a predicate, or to simply state that something exists.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The root verb ΕΙΜΙ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-oh
Translations: to God, for God, God
Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a contracted form of the Koine Greek word ΘΕΩ (THEO). It is the dative singular form of the noun ΘΕΟΣ (THEOS), meaning 'God'. As a dative case, it typically indicates the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. Thus, it is commonly translated as 'to God' or 'for God'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ
Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.
G3739
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction
Sounds like: HOS
Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when
Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AN
Translations: if, perhaps, whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, as soon as, until, before
Notes: This word is a conditional particle used to express possibility, contingency, or indefiniteness. It is often used with the subjunctive mood to form conditional clauses, indicating that an action or state is dependent on a certain condition. It can also be combined with other words to form indefinite relative pronouns or adverbs, such as 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whenever'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΟΤΑΝ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The particle 'an' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en- meaning 'on, at'. It is an ancient Greek particle that has been used since classical times.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.
G1014
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: boo-lee-THEE
Translations: wished, willed, desired, intended, was willing, was pleased
Notes: This word is a verb that expresses a strong desire, will, or intention. It can mean 'to wish,' 'to will,' 'to desire,' or 'to intend.' In the passive voice, as seen here, it often conveys the sense of 'to be willing' or 'to be pleased.' It describes an internal disposition or decision to do something.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ
Etymology: The word βούλομαι (boulomai) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the concept of 'will' or 'counsel'.
G1014
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: boo-lee-THEES
Translations: you wished, you wanted, you desired, you purposed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to wish', 'to want', 'to desire', or 'to purpose'. It describes a deliberate act of the will, indicating a conscious decision or intention. It is often used to express a strong inclination or a settled purpose.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ
G5384
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: FEE-loss
Translations: dear, beloved, friendly, a friend, a lover
Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'dear,' 'beloved,' or 'friendly,' or as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'lover.' As an adjective, it describes someone or something that is cherished or held in affection. As a noun, it refers to a person with whom one has a bond of mutual affection. It is often used to describe close relationships.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'philos' comes from an ancient root meaning 'to love' or 'to be fond of.' It is related to other words in Greek that express affection and friendship.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to occur
Notes: This is the infinitive form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It signifies existence, occurrence, or a state of being. It is often used with other verbs to form periphrastic constructions or to express purpose or result. For example, it can mean 'to be' in the sense of 'he wants to be good' or 'it is about to happen'.
Inflection: Infinitive
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΓΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- 'to be'. It is cognate with English 'is' and Latin 'esse'.
G2190
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: EKH-thros
Translations: enemy, an enemy, hostile, a foe, foe
Notes: This word refers to an enemy or an adversary. It can be used as a noun to describe a person who is hostile or an opponent, or as an adjective to describe something as hostile or hateful. It is often used in a general sense to refer to anyone who is opposed to someone or something.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΣ
Etymology: From a primary word (meaning hate); properly, hateful (passively, odious, or actively, hostile); usually as a noun, an adversary.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-OO
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.
G2525
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-this-TAH-tai
Translations: is appointed, is established, is set, is made, is put, is ordained
Notes: This word describes the action of being appointed, established, or set in a particular position or state. It is often used in contexts where someone is being put in charge, or something is being set up or constituted. It can also mean to be made or become something. As a middle/passive voice, it indicates that the subject is receiving the action or acting upon itself.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-KEI-tai
Translations: it seems, it appears, it is thought, it is supposed, it is considered, it is believed
Notes: This is a form of the verb 'dokeō', meaning 'to seem', 'to appear', 'to think', or 'to suppose'. It is used impersonally, meaning 'it seems' or 'it appears', often followed by an infinitive or a clause introduced by 'hoti' (that). It can also convey the idea of something being generally accepted or believed.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular, Impersonal
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΕΤΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΕΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'dokeō' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to seem good, to think, to suppose'.
G2758
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: keh-NOHS
Translations: in vain, vainly, emptily, without effect
Notes: This word describes an action or state as being empty, useless, or without purpose or result. It indicates that something is done to no avail or that a place is emptied out. It can be used to describe efforts that yield no fruit or a state of being devoid of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΑΤΑΙΩΣ, ΑΡΓΩΣ
G1124
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GRA-fay
Translations: writing, a writing, scripture, a scripture, document, a document
Notes: This word refers to something written, such as a document, a letter, or a record. In a religious context, especially within the New Testament, it frequently refers to the sacred writings or the Holy Scriptures. It can be used to denote the act of writing or the result of that act.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΗ
Etymology: From the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write', which comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to scratch, carve'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-ghei
Translations: says, speaks, he says, he speaks, she says, she speaks, it says, it speaks
Notes: This is a common Koine Greek verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is frequently used to introduce direct quotes or to state what someone (or something) is declaring. It is often translated as 'he says' or 'the Lord says' in biblical contexts.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G5355
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FTHO-non
Translations: envy, jealousy, a grudge
Notes: This word refers to the feeling of envy or jealousy, often accompanied by ill will or resentment towards another's success or possessions. It can also denote a grudge or spite. It is typically used to describe a negative emotion that can lead to harmful actions or attitudes.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΖΗΛΟΣ, ΒΑΣΚΑΝΙΑ
G1971
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-po-THEY
Translations: longs for, desires, yearns for, craves, longs, desires greatly
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to long for, desire, or yearn intensely. It expresses a strong emotional craving or earnest desire for something or someone. It is often used to describe a deep spiritual or emotional longing, as seen in the provided examples where it refers to the spirit's longing or the soul's longing for God. It can also describe a strong desire for material things, though less commonly in the New Testament.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΟΘΕΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΠΟΘΕΩ (epipotheō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'towards' (indicating intensity or direction), and the verb ΠΟΘΕΩ (potheō), meaning 'to long for' or 'to yearn'. Thus, it signifies an intensified longing or yearning.
G4151
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PNEH-oo-mah
Translations: spirit, a spirit, wind, a wind, breath, a breath
Notes: This word is an abbreviation for the Koine Greek word 'πνεῦμα' (pneuma), meaning 'spirit,' 'wind,' or 'breath.' It is a neuter noun that can refer to the Holy Spirit, a human spirit, an evil spirit, or simply the physical wind or breath. Its meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G2730
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-TOH-kee-seh
Translations: settled, caused to dwell, colonized, established, inhabited
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to cause to dwell, to settle, or to colonize'. It describes the act of establishing people in a place, often implying a permanent settlement or the act of populating a region. It can be used in contexts where someone is settling a group of people in a new area or establishing a colony.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΟΙΚΕΩ
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G3187
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEE-zo-nah
Translations: greater, larger, more, more important, a greater, a larger
Notes: This word is the neuter form of the comparative adjective 'ΜΕΙΖΩΝ' (meizon), meaning 'greater' or 'larger'. It is used to indicate a higher degree of something, often translated as 'greater', 'larger', 'more', or 'more important'. It can be used to compare two things or to emphasize the significance of something. For example, 'greater works' or 'more important gifts'.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular or Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΠΟΛΥΣ
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DI-doh-sin
Translations: gives, he gives, she gives, it gives
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to give' or 'to grant'. It describes the action of bestowing something upon someone or something. It is used when a subject performs the action of giving.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G5485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHA-ree
Translations: grace, favor, thanks, gratitude, a grace, a favor
Notes: This word refers to grace, favor, or kindness, often implying a divine, unmerited gift or blessing. It can also mean gratitude or thanks. In the provided examples, it is used in the sense of finding favor in someone's eyes, indicating a positive disposition or acceptance.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ, ΔΩΡΕΑ, ΕΛΕΟΣ
G1352
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: DEE-oh
Translations: therefore, wherefore, for this reason, on account of which
Notes: This is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'. It is used to introduce a consequence or conclusion, indicating that what follows is a result of what has just been stated. It functions similarly to 'therefore' or 'for this reason' in English.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-oss
Translations: God, a God, Lord
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation, for the Greek word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos). It refers to God, the supreme being, or a god in a general sense. It is commonly used in the New Testament to refer to the God of Israel.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It refers to the supreme divinity, or a deity in general.
G5244
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-per-ay-PHA-noys
Translations: (to) the proud, (to) the arrogant, (to) the haughty
Notes: This word describes someone who is excessively proud, arrogant, or haughty. It often carries a negative connotation, implying a sense of superiority or disdain for others, and is frequently used in contexts where such pride is contrasted with humility or is seen as an offense against God. It can be used to describe individuals or groups.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΩΝ, ΥΒΡΙΣΤΗΣ, ΚΟΜΠΑΣΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΟΣ is a compound word derived from the preposition ΥΠΕΡ (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'above', and the verb ΦΑΙΝΩ (phainō), meaning 'to appear' or 'to show'. Thus, it literally means 'appearing above' or 'showing oneself above others', leading to the sense of being proud or arrogant.
G4980
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-tee-TAS-seh-tai
Translations: he opposes, she opposes, it opposes, he resists, she resists, it resists
Notes: This word describes the act of setting oneself against something or someone, indicating opposition or resistance. It is often used in contexts where there is a direct confrontation or an act of defiance.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΑΙ
G5011
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: tah-pi-NOYS
Translations: to the humble, to the lowly, to the abased
Notes: This word describes someone who is humble, lowly, or abased. It can refer to a person's social status (lowly, poor) or their disposition (humble, modest). In this dative plural form, it indicates the recipients of an action or quality, meaning 'to' or 'for' the humble/lowly ones.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΤΩΧΟΙΣ, ΠΡΑΕΙΣ
G5293
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-po-TAH-geh-teh
Translations: submit, be subject, obey, subject yourselves, be subject yourselves
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to place under, to subject, or to submit oneself. It is often used in the imperative to command or exhort someone to yield to authority, obey, or be in submission to another person or to God. It implies a voluntary act of aligning oneself under the authority or will of another.
Inflection: Aorist, Imperative, Active, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΕΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ
G0436
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-TIS-tay-teh
Translations: resist, stand against, oppose, withstand
Notes: This word means to stand against, oppose, or resist. It is often used in the context of resisting evil, authority, or an adversary. It implies taking a firm stand and not yielding to pressure or opposition.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ, ΑΝΤΙΤΑΤΤΩ
Etymology: From the prefix ΑΝΤΙ (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to stand against'.
G1228
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-ah-BO-loh
Translations: (to) the devil, (to) a devil, (to) a slanderer, (to) an accuser
Notes: This word refers to an adversary, an accuser, or a slanderer. In a theological context, it often refers to Satan, the Devil. It is used to indicate the recipient of an action or the one to whom something is directed.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΑΤΑΝΑΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΟΣ
G5343
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FEYK-seh-teh
Translations: you will flee, you will escape, you will run away
Notes: This word means 'you will flee' or 'you will escape'. It is used to describe the act of running away from something or someone, often to avoid danger or an undesirable situation. It implies a rapid departure or an attempt to get away.
Inflection: Future Indicative, Active Voice, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΔΙΑΦΕΥΓΩ
Etymology: The word φεύγω (pheugō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to flee' or 'to run away'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.
G0575
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Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition
Sounds like: AF
Translations: from, away from, by, with, of, for, because of, after, since
Notes: This is a prefix or a preposition meaning 'from' or 'away from'. It indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is often used with the genitive case to show the source or origin of something, or the agent by whom something is done. It can also indicate a point in time 'from' which something occurs. When used as a prefix, it often intensifies the meaning of the verb or noun it is attached to, or indicates separation.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix or preposition).
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΑΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- (away, from).
G1448
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eng-GHEE-sah-teh
Translations: draw near, approach, come near, be at hand
Notes: This word is an imperative verb meaning 'draw near' or 'approach'. It is used to command or exhort a group of people to come closer, either physically or metaphorically (e.g., to God, to a situation). It implies a movement towards something or someone.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G1448
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eng-GHEE-ay
Translations: he will draw near, he will approach, it will draw near, it will approach
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to draw near' or 'to approach'. It describes the act of moving closer to something or someone, either physically or metaphorically. It can be used in various contexts to indicate proximity or the act of coming into contact with something.
Inflection: Future Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From ἐγγύς (engys), meaning 'near'. The verb is formed from this adverb, indicating the action of becoming near or bringing near.
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEE
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you'. Specifically, it is the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you' depending on the context. It is used when 'you' are the beneficiary or the one to whom something is given or done.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
G2511
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ka-tha-REE-sa-te
Translations: cleanse, purify, make clean, purge
Notes: This word means to make something clean, pure, or free from defilement. It can be used literally to clean something physically, or metaphorically to purify someone morally or ritually. It is often used as a command to remove impurities or sin.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΓΝΙΖΩ, ΕΚΚΑΘΑΙΡΩ
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEI-ras
Translations: hands
Notes: This word refers to hands, the physical appendages at the end of the arm. It is used in various contexts, often literally for actions involving the hands, but also metaphorically to signify power, control, or agency. For example, something might be 'in the hands of' someone, meaning under their control.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
G0268
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hah-mar-TOH-loy
Translations: sinners, the sinners
Notes: This word refers to people who are sinners, those who miss the mark or fail to meet a standard, especially in a moral or religious sense. It is often used to describe individuals who are morally corrupt or estranged from God due to their actions.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΙ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΣ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek word 'ἁμαρτάνω' (hamartanō), meaning 'to miss the mark, to err, to sin', combined with the suffix '-ωλός' (-ōlos), which indicates a person characterized by the action of the verb. Thus, it literally means 'one who sins' or 'sinful'.
G0048
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ahg-NEE-sah-teh
Translations: purify, cleanse, sanctify
Notes: This word means to purify, cleanse, or sanctify something or someone. It is often used in a religious or ceremonial context, referring to making something ritually clean or holy. It can also refer to moral purification. As an imperative, it functions as a command or exhortation to perform the action of purifying.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΡΙΖΩ, ΑΓΙΑΖΩ
Etymology: From ἁγνός (hagnos), meaning 'pure' or 'holy'.
G2588
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-DEE-as
Translations: of heart, of a heart, of mind, of soul, of inner self, of conscience, of courage, of will
Notes: This word refers to the physical heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of one's being, including thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used to denote the inner person, the seat of spiritual and moral life. For example, it can refer to the core of one's beliefs or the source of one's intentions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΝΟΥΣ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ
G1374
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: dip-SYOO-khoi
Translations: double-minded, wavering, indecisive, double-souled, of two minds
Notes: This word describes someone who is 'double-minded,' meaning they are wavering, indecisive, or have divided loyalties. It is a compound word formed from 'δι-' (di-), meaning 'two' or 'twice,' and 'ψυχή' (psychē), meaning 'soul' or 'mind.' It refers to a person whose mind is split, unable to commit fully to one course of action or belief, often implying instability or hypocrisy.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΣΤΑΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΤΟΣ
G5003
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: tah-lah-ee-POH-ray-sah-teh
Translations: suffer hardship, be miserable, toil, endure affliction, be distressed
Notes: This word describes the act of suffering hardship, being miserable, or enduring affliction. It implies a state of distress or weariness from toil. It is often used in an imperative sense, commanding someone to experience or acknowledge such a state.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΚΑΚΟΥΧΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΕΩ is a compound word derived from ΤΑΛΑΣ (TALAS), meaning 'wretched' or 'miserable', and ΠΩΡΟΣ (POROS), meaning 'callus' or 'hardship'. It literally means 'to be wretched through hardship' or 'to suffer misery'.
G3996
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pen-THEH-sah-teh
Translations: mourn, lament, grieve
Notes: This word means to mourn, lament, or grieve. It is used to express deep sorrow or sadness, often in a religious or spiritual context. It is a command, instructing a group of people to engage in mourning.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΛΑΙΩ, ΟΔΥΡΟΜΑΙ, ΘΡΗΝΕΩ
G2799
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: KLAF-sah-teh
Translations: weep!, cry!, lament!
Notes: This word means to weep, cry, or lament. It is used as a command or exhortation for multiple people to engage in the act of weeping, often expressing sorrow or grief.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΘΡΗΝΕΩ, ὈΔΥΡΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΚΛΑΙΩ (klaiō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has been used in Greek literature since ancient times to denote the act of weeping or crying.
G1071
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GEH-lohs
Translations: laughter, a laughter
Notes: This word refers to laughter, the act or sound of laughing. It is typically used to describe the expression of amusement, joy, or sometimes scorn. It can appear in various contexts, such as the sound of laughter, or the state of being an object of ridicule.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the sound of laughter itself. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since classical times.
G1519, G1520
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one
Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'
Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).
G3997
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PEN-thoss
Translations: mourning, a mourning, grief, sorrow, lamentation
Notes: This word refers to a state of deep sorrow, grief, or lamentation, often expressed outwardly through weeping or other signs of distress. It is commonly used to describe the emotional response to death, loss, or disaster.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΘΡΗΝΟΣ, ΚΟΠΕΤΟΣ, ΛΥΠΗ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the verb πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'.
G3344
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-tas-tra-PHE-toh
Translations: let it be turned, let it be changed, let it be perverted, let it be transformed
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'meta' (change, after) and 'strepho' (to turn). It means to turn around, change, or transform something. In this specific form, it is an imperative, commanding that something be turned or changed. It implies a complete reversal or alteration of state or direction.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Passive, Imperative
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ
G5479
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHA-ra
Translations: joy, a joy, gladness, delight
Notes: This word refers to a state of inner gladness, delight, or joy. It is often used to describe a deep-seated happiness that comes from a positive experience or a spiritual blessing. It can be used in sentences like 'He felt great joy' or 'There was much gladness among them.'
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the root χαίρω (chairō), meaning 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. It is related to the concept of grace or favor.
G2702
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-tay-FEE-ahn
Translations: dejection, gloom, despondency, sadness, a dejection, a gloom
Notes: This word refers to a state of dejection, gloom, or despondency. It describes a deep sadness or downcast spirit, often accompanied by a downcast look or demeanor. It is used to convey a sense of sorrow or melancholy.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΝΘΟΣ, ΛΥΠΗ, ΣΚΟΤΟΣ
G5013
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: tah-pee-noh-THEE-teh
Translations: be humbled, humble yourselves, be brought low, abase yourselves
Notes: This word is a command, specifically an aorist passive imperative, meaning 'be humbled' or 'humble yourselves'. It refers to the act of lowering oneself in status, position, or spirit, often in submission to a higher authority or in recognition of one's own limitations. It can also mean to be brought low or abased by circumstances or others.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΥΛΑΒΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΩ (tapeinoō) comes from the adjective ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΣ (tapeinos), meaning 'lowly', 'humble', or 'abased'. It describes a state of being low or humble, both physically and metaphorically.
G1799
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on
Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, in front of
Notes: This word functions as an adverb or an improper preposition, meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It is used to indicate a position directly in front of someone or something, or to denote being under the observation or authority of someone. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition 'ἐν' (en, meaning 'in') and 'ὤψ' (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'countenance'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: koo-REE-oo
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΥ (Kyriou), which is the genitive form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It means 'of the Lord' or 'of Lord' and is commonly used to refer to God or Jesus in ancient Greek texts. It indicates possession or origin related to the Lord.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΥ
G5312
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: y-PSO-say
Translations: he will lift up, he will exalt, he will raise, he will elevate
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to lift up,' 'to exalt,' or 'to raise.' It is used to describe the act of elevating something or someone, often in a metaphorical sense, such as exalting a person to a position of honor or raising someone from a low state. It can also refer to physical elevation.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΗΣΕΙ, ΕΠΑΡΕΙ, ΑΙΡΕΙ
G2635
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-LEI-tai
Translations: is spoken against, is slandered, is reviled, is defamed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to speak evil against someone, to slander, or to revile. It describes the act of defaming another person's character through words. The form provided indicates that the action is being done to the subject, rather than by the subject.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΒΛΑΣΦΗΜΕΙΤΑΙ, ΛΟΙΔΟΡΕΙΤΑΙ
G240
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Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun
Sounds like: ahl-LAY-lohn
Translations: of one another, of each other
Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'one another' or 'each other'. It is always used in the plural and indicates a mutual relationship or action between two or more subjects. For example, 'they love one another'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Etymology: The word is derived from the reduplication of the stem of ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It signifies a reciprocal relationship.
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOY
Translations: brothers, fellow believers, countrymen, kinsmen
Notes: This word refers to brothers, either by blood or in a broader sense, such as fellow countrymen, kinsmen, or members of the same community or faith. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is commonly used to address a group of male individuals who share a close bond or common origin.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ, ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΙ
G2635
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-LOHN
Translations: slanderer, a slanderer, one who speaks against, one who reviles
Notes: This word describes someone who speaks evil against another, often implying slander, defamation, or backbiting. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (against) and 'λαλέω' (to speak). It is used to refer to a person who engages in such negative speech.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΒΛΑΣΦΗΜΟΣ, ΨΕΥΔΟΜΑΡΤΥΣ
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOO
Translations: of a brother, of the brother, of a fellow believer, of a countryman, of a kinsman, of a neighbor
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ἀδελφός' (adelphos), meaning 'brother'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of a brother' or 'belonging to a brother'. It can also refer to a fellow believer, countryman, kinsman, or neighbor in a broader sense.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΕΚΝΟΣ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ
G2919
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Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective
Sounds like: KREE-nohn
Translations: judging, discerning, deciding, condemning, ruling, a judge, a ruler
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'κρίνω'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can function as a verb, meaning 'judging' or 'deciding', or as an adjective, meaning 'one who judges' or 'a judge'. It often implies the act of making a decision, discerning between right and wrong, or exercising authority in a judicial capacity. It can also carry the sense of condemning or ruling.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩΝ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩΝ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FON
Translations: brother, a brother, fellow man, a fellow man
Notes: This word refers to a male sibling, a brother. It can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow human being, a countryman, or a member of the same community or faith. It is a masculine noun and is used here in the singular accusative case, typically functioning as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and 'δελφύς' (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: of him, of it, his, its, of himself, of itself, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun, a possessive pronoun, or an intensive/reflexive pronoun. In the genitive case, as seen here, it typically means 'of him' or 'of it' when referring to a third person, or 'his' or 'its' to indicate possession. It can also be used for emphasis, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', especially when preceding the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
G2635
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-LEH-ee
Translations: slander, speak evil of, revile, speak against, backbite
Notes: This verb means to speak evil of someone, to slander, or to backbite. It implies speaking against someone in a malicious or derogatory way, often behind their back. It is used to describe the act of defaming or reviling another person.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular or Imperative, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΒΛΑΣΦΗΜΕΩ, ΚΑΚΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΛΟΙΔΟΡΕΩ
G3551
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: noh-MOO
Translations: of law, of a law, law
Notes: This word refers to a law, principle, or custom. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Mosaic Law, but can also denote a general principle or rule. It is used to describe a standard of conduct or a body of regulations.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΟΛΗ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΚΑΝΩΝ
Etymology: From a root meaning 'to parcel out, distribute'. It refers to that which is assigned or appointed, hence a custom or law.
G2919
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: KREE-nee
Translations: to judge, to decide, to discern, to condemn, to dispute, to contend, to separate, to choose
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'κρίνω' (krinō). It generally means to judge, decide, or discern, often implying a process of evaluation leading to a conclusion or a verdict. It can also mean to condemn, to dispute, or to separate, depending on the context.
Inflection: Singular, Present, Active, Imperative
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ
G3551
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOH-mon
Translations: law, a law, rule, principle
Notes: The word refers to a law, rule, or principle. In the context of the Bible, it often refers to the Mosaic Law or the Law of God, but it can also refer to a general principle or custom. It is used to denote a standard of conduct or a governing regulation.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΝΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ
Etymology: From a root meaning "to parcel out, distribute." It originally referred to anything assigned or apportioned, and later came to mean a custom, usage, or law.
G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: AY
Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be
Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)
Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ
Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.
G2919
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KREE-nis
Translations: judgment, decision, dispute, condemnation, a judgment, a decision, a dispute, a condemnation
Notes: This word is a feminine noun that refers to a judgment, decision, or a dispute. It can also carry the sense of condemnation or a legal verdict. It is used to describe the act or result of judging, whether in a legal, moral, or personal context.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΜΑ
Etymology: From the verb ΚΡΙΝΩ (KRINO), meaning 'to judge, decide, or separate'. It refers to the act or result of judging.
G4163
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: poy-ay-TAYS
Translations: poet, a poet, doer, a doer, maker, a maker
Notes: This word refers to a 'poet' or 'maker', someone who creates or composes. It can also refer to a 'doer' or 'performer' of an action, emphasizing the one who carries out or accomplishes something. In a broader sense, it signifies someone who brings something into existence or performs an act.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΟΣ, ΤΕΧΝΙΤΗΣ
Etymology: From the verb ποιέω (poiéō), meaning 'to make, do, create'. It describes one who performs the action of making or doing.
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed
Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ
Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.
G2923
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KREE-tays
Translations: judge, a judge
Notes: A 'κρίτης' is a judge, someone who presides over a court of law or acts as an arbiter in disputes. This word refers to a person who makes decisions, renders judgments, or determines the outcome of a situation, often in a legal or authoritative capacity. It can be used to describe both human judges and, in a theological context, God as the ultimate judge.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΣΤΗΣ, ΕΠΙΤΡΟΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb κρίνω (krino), meaning 'to judge, decide, or separate'. The suffix -της (-tes) indicates an agent or doer of the action.
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It is commonly used to link a subject to a predicate, describing what the subject is or what state it is in. For example, it can mean 'he is' or 'it is', depending on the context.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G3550
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: noh-moh-THEH-tays
Translations: lawgiver, a lawgiver
Notes: This word refers to someone who establishes or enacts laws. It can describe a person who creates a legal system or a divine being who gives commandments. It is typically used in a nominative case to identify the subject as the lawgiver.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΔΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: This is a compound word derived from two Greek words: ΝΟΜΟΣ (NOMOS), meaning 'law', and ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (TITHĒMI), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. Thus, it literally means 'one who places or sets laws'.
G1410
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-nos
Translations: being able, able, powerful, mighty
Notes: This word is a present participle of the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is currently able or powerful. It often translates to 'being able' or simply 'able' in English, indicating capability or capacity.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩΝ, ΚΡΑΤΩΝ
G4982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: SOH-sai
Translations: to save, to deliver, to preserve, to heal
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'to save'. It expresses the purpose or result of an action, often translated as 'to save' or 'in order to save'. It can refer to physical salvation, deliverance from danger, preservation of life, or spiritual salvation.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ
G0622
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-LEH-sai
Translations: to destroy, to perish, to lose, to be lost, to be ruined, to be undone
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'apollymi'. It signifies an action of destroying, losing, or perishing that is completed or viewed as a whole, without reference to its duration. It can be used to describe the destruction of things, the perishing of people, or the loss of objects.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΟΛΛΥΜΙ
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun meaning 'you' (singular). It is used when addressing a single person directly, typically as the subject of a sentence. It can also be used emphatically to highlight the person being addressed.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Second Person
Etymology: The word 'ΣΥ' is an ancient Greek pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been consistently used throughout various stages of the Greek language to refer to the second person singular.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G4139
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-see-on
Translations: near, nearby, neighbor, a neighbor, one's neighbor
Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'near' or 'nearby', indicating proximity in space or time. It can also be used substantively as a noun, typically in the neuter singular, to refer to 'one's neighbor' or 'the person next to you'. When used as a noun, it often refers to a fellow human being, emphasizing a relationship of proximity or community.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular (when used substantively as a noun)
Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ
G0071
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AH-geh
Translations: come, come on, go, lead, bring
Notes: This word is an imperative form of the verb 'ago', meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. It is used as an interjection to urge someone to action, similar to 'come on!' or 'go!'. It can also mean 'lead' or 'bring' in a more direct sense.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Present, Active, Imperative
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΥ, ΙΘΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- 'to drive, pull, move'. It is related to Latin agō and Sanskrit ájati.
G3568
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NOON
Translations: now, at present, at this time
Notes: ΝΥΝ is an adverb meaning 'now' or 'at present'. It refers to the current moment in time. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a conclusion in a discourse, indicating a shift to the present situation or a logical consequence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now'. It is cognate with Latin nunc and English 'now'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GON-tes
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: This is the present active participle of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or saying something, often functioning adverbially to describe how an action is performed, or adjectivally to describe those who are speaking.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G4594
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: SAY-meh-ron
Translations: today
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'today'. It is used to indicate the current day or the present time. It can be used in sentences to specify when an action takes place, similar to how 'today' is used in English.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From the phrase 'τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ταύτῃ' (tē hēmerā tautē), meaning 'on this day'. It is a compound of the demonstrative pronoun 'σῆ' (sē), an old form of 'τῇ' (tē), and 'ἡμέρᾳ' (hēmerā), meaning 'day'.
G0840
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OW-ree-on
Translations: tomorrow
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'tomorrow'. It is used to indicate the day after the present day. For example, one might say 'we will go tomorrow' or 'the event will happen tomorrow'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From a derivative of the same as Greek 'αὔρα' (aura), meaning 'morning breeze' or 'dawn'. It refers to the time of dawn or the next day.
G4198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: por-yoo-SOH-meth-ah
Translations: we will go, we shall go, we will travel, we shall travel
Notes: This word means 'we will go' or 'we shall travel'. It is a verb indicating future action of moving or journeying. It is used when a group of people (including the speaker) intends to proceed to a place or embark on a journey.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Future Indicative, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word πορεύομαι (poreuomai) is derived from the noun πόρος (poros), meaning 'a way, a passage, a ford'. It signifies movement along a path or through a passage.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TANE-deh
Translations: this, this one, this very, the following
Notes: ΤΗΝΔΕ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective ὍΔΕ, meaning 'this' or 'this one'. It is used to refer to something nearby or immediately present, often emphasizing its proximity or relevance. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun. In this form, it is feminine, singular, and accusative, meaning it would be used as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition that takes the accusative case.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙ͂ΝΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lin
Translations: city, a city
Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-ee-SOH-men
Translations: let us make, let us do, we may make, we may do
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It is used to express an action that is being proposed or considered, often translated with 'let us' or 'may we'. It can refer to creating something, performing an action, or bringing something about.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G1563
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-KEH-ee
Translations: there, in that place, to that place
Notes: This word is an adverb of place, meaning 'there' or 'in that place'. It indicates a location distinct from the speaker's current position. It can also imply movement 'to that place'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΝΘΑΔΕ, ΕΝΤΑΥΘΑ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ἐκεῖνος (ekeinos), meaning 'that one'.
G1763
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: en-ee-ow-TON
Translations: year, a year
Notes: This word refers to a year, a period of twelve months. It is commonly used to denote a specific duration of time, such as 'for a year' or 'in that year'.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ
G1710
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: em-por-YOO-so-me-tha
Translations: we will trade, we will do business, we will travel for trade, we will traffic
Notes: This word describes the act of engaging in trade or commerce, often implying travel for the purpose of buying and selling goods. It can also refer to simply doing business or trafficking in something. It is a compound word formed from 'en' (in/among) and 'poreuomai' (to go, to travel).
Inflection: First Person Plural, Future Indicative, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'ἐμπορεύομαι' (emporeúomai), a compound of 'ἐν' (en, meaning 'in' or 'among') and 'πορεύομαι' (poreúomai, meaning 'to go' or 'to travel'). It literally means 'to go in/among for trade'.
G2770
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ker-DEH-so-men
Translations: we will gain, we will profit, we will acquire
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to gain' or 'to profit'. It refers to acquiring something, whether material wealth, an advantage, or even a spiritual benefit. It is used in sentences to indicate a future action of obtaining or benefiting from something.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, First Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΗΣΟΜΕΝ, ΕΜΠΟΡΕΥΣΟΜΕΘΑ
G3748
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee-nes
Translations: whoever, whosoever, those who, which
Notes: ΟΙΤΙΝΕΣ is a compound relative pronoun, formed from the definite article and the indefinite pronoun. It refers to a general or indefinite group of people or things, meaning 'whoever' or 'those who'. It is used to introduce a clause that provides additional information about a preceding noun, often implying a characteristic or quality of the group.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙ, ΤΙΝΕΣ
G1987
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-is-TA-stheh
Translations: you know, you understand, you are acquainted with, you are skilled in
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. It implies a deep, practical knowledge or skill, rather than just intellectual acquaintance. It is often used to describe someone who is an expert or proficient in a particular area. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (upon, over) and the verb ΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ (to stand).
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G4169
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Adjective, Interrogative Pronoun
Sounds like: POY-ah
Translations: which, what kind of, what
Notes: This word is an interrogative adjective or pronoun used to ask about the quality, kind, or nature of something. It asks 'what kind of?' or 'which one?' and agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies or replaces. For example, it can be used to ask 'what kind of country?' or 'which woman?'.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G2222
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DZOH-ay
Translations: life, a life
Notes: This word refers to life in its broadest sense, encompassing both physical and spiritual existence. It can denote the principle of life, the period of life, or the way of life. It is often used to describe the state of being alive, as well as the quality of that existence, particularly in a spiritual or eternal context.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΙΟΣ, ΨΥΧΗ
Etymology: From the verb ζάω (zaō), meaning 'to live'. It is related to the concept of vital breath and existence.
G3641
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: oh-LI-gon
Translations: little, a little, small, few, a few, for a little while, briefly, short, a short time
Notes: This word describes something as small in quantity, size, or duration. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating a small amount or number of something. As an adverb, it describes an action or state as happening for a short time or to a small extent. It can refer to a brief period of time, a small quantity, or a limited number of things.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Adverbial form (as an adverb)
Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to words meaning 'to lessen' or 'to be small'.
G5316
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: fah-ee-NO-meh-nee
Translations: appearing, being seen, shining, manifesting, an appearing one, a shining one
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to appear' or 'to shine'. It describes something that is currently appearing, being seen, or shining. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or like an adverb, describing an action.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Feminine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΟΡΑΤΗ, ΕΚΦΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΗ
G1899
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEY-tah
Translations: then, afterward, next, thereupon
Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate sequence in time or order. It means 'then' or 'afterward,' showing that one event or action follows another. It can also be used to introduce the next point in a series or argument.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ
Etymology: This word is formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'after,' and the particle εἶτα (eita), meaning 'then.' It signifies a sequential relationship.
G0006
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-fah-nee-ZOH-meh-nee
Translations: being made to disappear, being destroyed, being consumed, being hidden, being corrupted, being made to vanish
Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being made to disappear' or 'being destroyed'. It describes something that is in the process of vanishing or being brought to an end. It can refer to things that are hidden from sight, consumed, or corrupted, losing their original form or existence.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΕΝΗ, ΕΞΑΦΑΝΙΖΟΜΕΝΗ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΟΜΕΝΗ
Etymology: The word ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ (aphanizo) comes from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and φαίνω (phaino), meaning 'to appear' or 'to show'. Thus, it literally means 'to make not appear' or 'to make invisible'.
G0473
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AN-tee
Translations: instead of, for, in place of, in return for, opposite, in front of
Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It signifies substitution, exchange, or opposition. It can mean 'instead of' or 'in place of' something, indicating a replacement. It can also mean 'for' or 'in return for' something, implying an exchange. In some contexts, it can denote 'opposite' or 'in front of' a location or person.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti, meaning 'face to face, opposite'. It is related to English 'and' and 'anti-'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: leh-GHEEN
Translations: to say, to speak, to tell, to call, to mean
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ'. It means 'to say' or 'to speak' and is often used to introduce direct or indirect speech. It can also mean 'to tell' or 'to call' in certain contexts. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often appearing after verbs like 'begin' or 'want'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-os
Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: THEH-lee-see
Translations: unknown
Notes: This word, ΘΕΛΗΣΗ (thelisi), is not found in Koine Greek texts. It is a modern Greek word meaning 'will' or 'desire'. In Koine Greek, the equivalent word for 'will' or 'desire' is usually θέλημα (thelema). It is possible this word is a misspelling or a modern Greek word used in a context where Koine Greek is expected.
Inflection: Unknown
G2198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: zay-SOH-men
Translations: we will live, we shall live
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to live' or 'to be alive'. In this form, it indicates an action that will happen in the future, specifically by a group of people (we). It is used to express future existence or continuation of life.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Future, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΒΙΟΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poi-ay-SOH-men
Translations: we will make, we will do, we shall make, we shall do
Notes: This word means 'we will make' or 'we will do'. It is a common verb in Koine Greek used to express future actions of creating, performing, or bringing about something. It can be used in various contexts, such as making a decision, doing a task, or creating an object.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G1565
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-KEE-no
Translations: that, that one, those, he, she, it, they
Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective or pronoun, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point out something specific, distinguishing it from other things. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a pronoun standing in place of a noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Neuter
Etymology: This word is derived from the demonstrative particle ἐκεῖ (ekeî), meaning 'there'. It refers to something distant in space or time.
G2620
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-KAF-khass-theh
Translations: boast against, glory over, exult over
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix ΚΑΤΑ- (KATA-, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb ΚΑΥΧΑΟΜΑΙ (KAUCHAOMAI, meaning 'to boast' or 'to glory'). It means to boast against someone or something, to glory over them, or to exult over them, often with a sense of triumph or superiority. It implies a boasting that is directed at or against another, sometimes in a negative or arrogant way.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΥΧΑΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ
G212
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-lah-zo-NEE-ais
Translations: (to) boastings, (to) arrogance, (to) ostentation, (to) vainglory, (to) pride
Notes: This word refers to the act of boasting, arrogance, or ostentation. It describes a pretentious display of one's own importance or achievements, often implying a lack of genuine substance. It is used to characterize a haughty and self-important attitude, typically in a negative sense.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΙΑ, ΚΑΥΧΗΣΙΣ, ΤΥΦΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΙΑ (alazoneia) derives from the Greek word ἀλαζών (alazon), meaning 'boaster' or 'braggart'. This term originally referred to a wandering quack or charlatan, someone who made false claims about themselves or their abilities, and later evolved to describe anyone who boasts or acts with arrogance.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AH-pah-sah
Translations: all, every, whole, a whole, the whole, every kind of
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is often used to emphasize totality or completeness. It can be used to describe a quantity or extent, such as 'all people' or 'the whole land'. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'intensive') and 'πᾶς' (pas, meaning 'all').
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G2744
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kow-KHEE-sace
Translations: you will boast, you will glory, you will exult
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to boast' or 'to glory'. It describes the act of taking pride in something, often in a positive sense of exultation or rejoicing, but sometimes with a negative connotation of arrogance. It indicates a future action performed by 'you' (plural).
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΚΟΜΠΑΖΩ
G5108
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toy-OW-tee
Translations: such, such a, such a kind of, of such a kind
Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to describe the quality or nature of a noun, indicating that it is of the type or character previously mentioned or implied. It functions similarly to 'this kind of' or 'that kind of' in English, often emphasizing a particular characteristic.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: po-NEE-rah
Translations: evil, wicked, bad, harmful, malicious, an evil thing
Notes: This word describes something or someone as evil, wicked, or harmful. It can refer to moral depravity, physical badness, or something that causes trouble or pain. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. In the provided examples, it describes 'counsel' (βουλευομενος) as evil and 'things' (implied) that one should not see as evil.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative; or Neuter, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ
Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ' comes from 'πόνος' (ponos), meaning 'toil, labor, pain'. It originally referred to something that caused toil or pain, and later evolved to mean 'evil' or 'wicked' in a moral sense.
G1492
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ay-DOH-tee
Translations: knowing, having known, understanding, perceiving, being aware, (to) one knowing, (to) one having known, (to) one understanding
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know' or 'to have seen'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the state of knowing or having known. In this dative singular form, it often translates as 'to one who knows' or 'for one who knows', indicating the recipient of an action or the person to whom something applies, who possesses knowledge or understanding.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Active Participle
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΙ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΙ
G2570
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kah-LON
Translations: good, beautiful, noble, right, fitting, a good thing, a beautiful thing
Notes: ΚΑΛΟΝ is the neuter singular form of the adjective ΚΑΛΟΣ. It describes something as good, beautiful, noble, excellent, or fitting. It can refer to moral goodness, aesthetic beauty, or practical suitability. It is often used to describe what is morally right or advantageous, or something that is beneficial.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-EH-in
Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: poy-OON-tee
Translations: (to) the one doing, (to) the one making, (to) the one performing, (to) the one creating
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'doing' or 'making'. It describes someone who is currently engaged in an action of doing, making, or performing something. As a dative singular form, it typically functions as an indirect object or indicates the recipient of an action, often translated as 'to the one doing' or 'for the one making'.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΟΝΤΙ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΩ
G0266
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-mar-TEE-ah
Translations: sin, a sin, offense, trespass
Notes: This word refers to a sin, an offense, or a trespass against divine law or moral principles. It describes an act of missing the mark or failing to achieve a goal, particularly in a moral or ethical sense. It is commonly used to denote a transgression or a moral failing.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ
Etymology: From the verb ἁμαρτάνω (hamartanō), meaning 'to miss the mark, to err, to sin'. It is formed from the privative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not') and 'μέρος' (meros, meaning 'part' or 'share'), implying a failure to obtain a share or to hit the target.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.
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