2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1230

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-geh-NO-meh-noo

Translations: having passed, having elapsed, after

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'διαγίνομαι' (diaginomai), meaning 'to pass through' or 'to elapse'. It describes an action that has occurred or a period of time that has passed. It is often used to indicate that something happened after a certain amount of time or an event had concluded.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΛΘΟΝΤΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΥ

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4521

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sahb-BAH-too

Translations: (of) Sabbath, (of) a Sabbath

Notes: This word refers to the Sabbath, which is a day of rest and worship, observed by Jews from Friday sunset to Saturday sunset. In the New Testament, it often refers to the seventh day of the week. The genitive form 'ΣΑΒΒΑΤΟΥ' indicates possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the Sabbath' or 'belonging to the Sabbath'. It is used to specify a time or event in relation to the Sabbath day.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ΣΑΒΒΑΤΟΝ' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word 'šabbāṯ' (שַׁבָּת), meaning 'rest' or 'cessation'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint, the Koine Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3137

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-REE-ah

Translations: Mary

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the name Mary. In the New Testament, it is the name of several prominent women, most notably Mary, the mother of Jesus, and Mary Magdalene. It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Mary is derived from the Hebrew name Miryam (מִרְיָם), which is of uncertain meaning but possibly related to 'bitterness' or 'rebellion', or alternatively, 'beloved' or 'sea of bitterness'. It came into Greek as Mariam and Maria.

G3094

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Mag-da-lay-NAY

Translations: Magdalene, Mary Magdalene

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Mary Magdalene, a prominent figure in the New Testament. She is often identified as a follower of Jesus and is mentioned as being present at his crucifixion and as the first witness to his resurrection. It is used to specify 'Mary who is from Magdala' or 'Mary the Magdalene'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The word is derived from the Hebrew/Aramaic place name Magdala, meaning 'tower' or 'fortress'. It designates a person from the town of Magdala, located on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee.

G2385

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ah-KO-boo

Translations: of Jacob, of James

Notes: This word is a proper noun, referring to the biblical figure Jacob, or in the New Testament context, James. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to Jacob' or 'from James'. For example, 'the brother of James' or 'the house of Jacob'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew name Ya'aqov (יַעֲקֹב), meaning 'supplanter' or 'heel-grabber'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint and was widely used in the New Testament.

G0758

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-ROH-mah-tah

Translations: spices, perfumes, aromatic substances

Notes: This word refers to fragrant substances, such as spices, perfumes, or other aromatic materials. It is often used in the context of preparing bodies for burial or for anointing, as well as for general use as a pleasant scent.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΥΡΑ, ΘΥΜΙΑΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek verb ἀρόω (aroō), meaning 'to plow' or 'to cultivate', suggesting something that is cultivated for its scent. It is related to the idea of something that is 'raised' or 'grown' for its fragrance.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THOO-sai

Translations: having come, who came, when they came, after coming

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having come' or 'who came'. It describes an action that occurred prior to the main verb of the sentence. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also convey a temporal or causal relationship, such as 'when they came' or 'because they came'. It refers to a group of females or feminine entities.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Feminine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΗΚΟΝ, ΠΑΡΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G3029

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: LEE-ahn

Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, much, extremely

Notes: This word is an adverb that means 'very' or 'exceedingly'. It is used to intensify the meaning of an adjective, another adverb, or a verb, indicating a high degree or extent of something. For example, it can be used to say 'very good' or 'greatly rejoice'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'smoothness' or 'plainness', which then developed into the meaning of 'very' or 'exceedingly'.

G4404

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PRO-ee

Translations: early, in the morning, morning, a morning

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'early' or 'in the morning'. It can also be used as a noun referring to 'the morning' itself. It describes the time of day, specifically the early hours.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as a noun)

Synonyms: ΟΡΘΡΟΣ, ΠΡΩΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρωί' (prōi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro-, meaning 'forward' or 'before'. It is related to words indicating precedence or an early time.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ER-khon-tai

Translations: they come, they go, they are coming, they are going

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It is used to describe the action of multiple subjects moving towards or away from a place. It can refer to a physical movement or a metaphorical arrival or departure.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΝΤΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΟΥΣΙΝ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΝΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek, used to express movement.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MNEE-mah

Translations: tomb, a tomb, grave, a grave, monument, a monument, memorial, a memorial

Notes: This word refers to a place of burial, such as a tomb or grave. It can also denote a monument or a memorial, something that serves to preserve the memory of a person or event. It is typically used in contexts referring to burial sites or structures erected in remembrance.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΑΦΟΣ, ΜΝΗΜΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From the verb μιμνήσκω (mimnēskō), meaning 'to remind' or 'to remember'. It refers to something that serves as a reminder or a place of remembrance.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MNEE-mee-on

Translations: tomb, a tomb, monument, a monument, sepulchre, a sepulchre

Notes: This word refers to a memorial, monument, or tomb. It is typically used to denote a place where a deceased person is buried or commemorated, often a cave or a constructed structure.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΑΦΟϹ, ΜΝΗΜΑ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek word μνῆμα (mnema), meaning 'memorial' or 'remembrance', which itself comes from the verb μιμνήσκω (mimnesko), 'to remind' or 'to remember'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-leh-gon

Translations: they were saying, they said, they were telling, they told

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (LEGO). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were saying' or 'they used to say'. It can also simply indicate a past action, 'they said' or 'they told'. It is commonly used to report speech or actions of a group of people in a narrative.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (LEGO) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out, count, tell'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', often implying a deliberate or reasoned utterance.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G0617

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-ky-LEE-say

Translations: he will roll away, she will roll away, it will roll away

Notes: This word is the future active indicative, third person singular form of the verb ἀποκυλίω (apokyliō). It means 'to roll away' or 'to roll back'. It is commonly used in the context of rolling a stone away from an entrance, such as a tomb.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΥΛΙΣΩ

Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and κυλίω (kylio, 'to roll'). It literally means 'to roll away from'.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2374

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thoo-RAS

Translations: of a door, of a gate, doors, gates

Notes: This word refers to a door, gate, or entrance, which is an opening in a wall or fence that allows passage. It can also refer to the opportunity or access provided by such an opening. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate the place of entry or exit.

Inflection: Feminine, Genitive Singular or Accusative Plural

Synonyms: ΠΥΛΗ, ΕΙΣΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ΘΥΡΑ" comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a door or gate. It is related to words for door in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mnay-MEH-oo

Translations: of a tomb, of a monument, of a memorial, of a sepulchre

Notes: This word refers to a place of remembrance, such as a tomb, monument, or memorial. It is often used to denote a burial place or a structure erected to commemorate a person or event. It can be used in sentences like 'They went to the monument' or 'The inscription on the tomb was ancient.'

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΑΦΟΣ, ΜΝΗΜΑ, ΤΥΜΒΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΝΗΜΕΙΟΝ (mnēmeion) comes from μνῆμα (mnēma), meaning 'memorial' or 'remembrance', which itself is derived from μιμνήσκω (mimnēskō), meaning 'to remind' or 'to remember'.

G0308

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-nah-BLEP-sah-sai

Translations: having looked up, having regained sight, having seen again

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anablepō', which means 'to look up' or 'to regain sight'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective to modify a noun or pronoun, indicating that the subject has performed the action of looking up or regaining sight. It often implies a completed action with a continuing result.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ANAKYPTOSAI, ANATHEOROUSAI

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gas

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, significant, powerful

Notes: ΜΕΓΑΣ is an adjective meaning "great" or "large." It is used to describe the size, intensity, or importance of something or someone. For example, it can refer to a large storm, a great priest, or a significant event. As an adjective, it changes its form to match the gender, number, and case of the noun it describes.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative. As an adjective, it inflects for gender, number, and case to agree with the noun it modifies.

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is a primary adjective in Greek.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ice-el-THOO-sye

Translations: having entered, having gone in, entering, going in

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'eiserchomai', meaning 'to go in' or 'to enter'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this form, it refers to multiple female subjects who have performed the action of entering or going in.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΜΒΑΙΝΟΥΣΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΕΝΑΙ

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mnee-MEH-on

Translations: tomb, monument, memorial, a tomb, a monument, a memorial

Notes: This word refers to a place of remembrance, typically a tomb or a monument. It is used to designate a structure or site that serves to commemorate a person or event, often associated with burial or a significant historical occurrence. It can be used in sentences to refer to a burial place or a commemorative structure.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΑΦΟΣ, ΜΝΗΜΑ, ΜΝΗΜΟΣΥΝΟΝ

Etymology: From μνᾶσθαι (mnasthai), meaning 'to remember'. It refers to something that serves as a reminder or memorial.

G3495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: neh-ah-NIS-kon

Translations: young man, a young man, youth

Notes: This word refers to a young man or a youth. It is often used to describe someone who is in the prime of their life, typically between adolescence and early adulthood. It can be used in a general sense to refer to any young male.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΝΕΟΣ, ΝΕΑΝΙΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΝΕΑΝΙΣΚΟΣ (neaniskos) is a diminutive of ΝΕΑΝΙΑΣ (neanias), which means 'young man', derived from ΝΕΟΣ (neos), meaning 'new' or 'young'.

G2521

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: kah-THEE-meh-non

Translations: sitting, seated, one sitting, a sitting one, that which is sitting

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'sitting' or 'seated'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of sitting or has taken a seated position. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (acting as a noun) meaning 'the one sitting' or 'that which is sitting'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΗΜΕΝΟΝ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G4016

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-ree-VEV-blee-meh-non

Translations: clothed, dressed, wearing, surrounded, a clothed one, a dressed one, a surrounded one

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been clothed' or 'having been surrounded'. It describes someone or something that has been dressed in or covered by something, or encircled. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a substantive, referring to 'the one who is clothed/surrounded'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΕΔΥΜΕΝΟΝ, ΗΜΦΙΕΣΜΕΝΟΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1607

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-tham-BEY-stheh

Translations: be amazed, be astonished, be utterly astounded, be utterly amazed, be greatly astonished, be greatly amazed

Notes: This verb describes a state of extreme astonishment, amazement, or terror, often implying a sudden and overwhelming shock. It conveys a sense of being utterly overwhelmed by something extraordinary or frightening. It is often used to describe the reaction of people witnessing a miracle or a profound event.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΘΑΜΒΕΩ, ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb θαμβέω (thambeō), meaning 'to be amazed' or 'to be astonished'. It intensifies the meaning of simple astonishment.

G2212

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: zay-TEH-ee-teh

Translations: you seek, you are seeking, you demand, you require, you desire, you investigate, you try to find

Notes: This word means to seek, search for, or try to find something or someone. It can also imply demanding, requiring, or desiring something. It is used when someone is actively looking for an object, a person, or even a solution to a problem.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Plural; or Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΖΗΤΕΩ, ΕΚΖΗΤΕΩ

G4717

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: es-tow-ROH-meh-non

Translations: crucified, having been crucified, the crucified one, a crucified one

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'σταυρόω' (stauroō), meaning 'to crucify'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has undergone the action of being crucified. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the crucified man'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who has been crucified'). It emphasizes the completed state or result of the crucifixion.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΠΗΓΝΥΜΙ

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-GER-thay

Translations: he was raised, he was awakened, he was roused, he was stirred up, he arose, he rose

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'egeiro', meaning 'to raise' or 'to awaken'. In this specific form, it indicates that someone or something 'was raised' or 'was awakened' by an external force, or 'arose' or 'rose' by themselves. It is commonly used in contexts of rising from sleep, rising from a seated or prone position, or being raised from the dead. It can also refer to being stirred up or roused to action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word 'egeiro' comes from an ancient root meaning 'to rouse' or 'to awaken'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G5602

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-deh

Translations: here, hither, in this place, to this place

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location or direction, meaning 'here' or 'to this place'. It is used to point to a specific location or to indicate movement towards the speaker or a particular spot. For example, it can be used in commands like 'Come here!' or to state that something is located 'here'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΑΔΕ, ΕΝΤΑΥΘΑ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (this) and the locative suffix -de. It indicates proximity to the speaker.

G2396

Part of Speech: Verb, Interjection

Sounds like: EE-deh

Translations: Behold, look, see, lo

Notes: This word is an imperative verb, meaning 'behold!' or 'look!'. It is used to draw attention to something or someone, often at the beginning of a sentence or clause. It functions similarly to the English 'Lo!' or 'See here!'. It can be used to introduce a new topic, emphasize a point, or express surprise.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΙΔΟΥ, ΟΡΑ

Etymology: From the aorist stem of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see'. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of usage.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-thay-kan

Translations: they placed, they put, they laid, they appointed, they made

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a group of people. It can be used in various contexts, such as placing an object somewhere, laying something down, or even appointing someone to a position or making something happen.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The Koine Greek verb τίθημι (tithemi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-, meaning 'to put, place, set'. This root is the source of many words across various Indo-European languages.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EL-thoo-sai

Translations: having gone out, having come out, going out, coming out

Notes: This word is the feminine nominative/vocative plural form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'exerchomai', meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred (aorist tense) and functions adjectivally, modifying a plural feminine subject. It indicates that a group of females (or feminine entities) performed the action of going or coming out.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative or Vocative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΛΘΟΥΣΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΣΑΙ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-khen

Translations: he had, she had, it had, he was having, she was having, it was having, he held, she held, it held, he possessed, she possessed, it possessed, he contained, she contained, it contained

Notes: This is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. In Koine Greek, the imperfect tense describes continuous or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. Therefore, 'εἶχεν' can be translated as 'he/she/it had' (implying a state of possession in the past), 'he/she/it was having', 'he/she/it held', or 'he/she/it was holding'. It can also mean 'to contain' or 'to hold within'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TAS

Translations: them, these, those, her, it, the same

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' (intensive), 'he, she, it, they' (personal pronoun, often emphatic), or 'the same' (demonstrative). In this specific inflected form, it is the accusative plural feminine, meaning it refers to multiple feminine objects or persons as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can be translated as 'them' (feminine), 'these' (feminine), or 'those' (feminine).

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

G1611

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EK-sta-sis

Translations: ecstasy, a trance, trance, amazement, an amazement, astonishment, bewilderment

Notes: This word refers to a state of being beside oneself, often due to intense emotion like fear, wonder, or astonishment, leading to a mental or spiritual trance. It describes a state where one's normal faculties are suspended, and they are overwhelmed by a powerful experience.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΑΜΒΟΣ, ΕΚΠΛΗΞΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἐκίστημι (ekistēmi), meaning 'to displace, to put out of place, to amaze'. It is formed from ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and στάσις (stasis), meaning 'a standing'.

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DEN

Translations: nothing, no one, none, a nothing, not even one, no

Notes: This word means "nothing" or "no one." It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something. It can function as a pronoun, meaning "nothing" or "no one," or as an adjective, meaning "no" or "not even one" when modifying a noun. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, "not") and ΔΕΝ (den, an emphatic particle).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΝ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ (ou), meaning "not," and ΔΕΝ (den), an emphatic particle. It emphasizes a complete negation.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pon

Translations: I said, I spoke, said, spoke

Notes: This word is an aorist form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It indicates a completed action in the past, often translated as 'I said' or 'I spoke'. It is a common verb used to report direct or indirect speech.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The aorist stem εἶπον (eîpon) is a suppletive form, meaning it comes from a different root than the present tense forms of 'to say' (like λέγω). It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *wekw-, meaning 'to speak'.

G1063