2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1564

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-KEE-then

Translations: from there, thence, from that place

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'from there' or 'thence'. It indicates movement or origin from a specific place previously mentioned or understood in the context. It is often used to describe someone leaving a location or something originating from it. The provided word 'ΕΚΙΘΕ' is a common misspelling or a variant spelling of 'ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ' (ekeithen) due to the absence of the final 'N' (nu), which was sometimes omitted in ancient manuscripts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙ

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

Part of Speech: Article

Sounds like: TAYN

Translations: the

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΗΝ (TĒN), which is the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As an article, it always precedes the noun it modifies and agrees with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used with feminine singular nouns in the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from a demonstrative pronoun in Proto-Indo-European. It evolved to function as a definite article, specifying nouns.

G0190

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-koh-loo-THOO-sin

Translations: they follow, they accompany, they go along with, they attend

Notes: This word describes the action of following, accompanying, or going along with someone or something. It implies a close association or adherence, often in the sense of discipleship or attendance. It is used to indicate that a group of people are performing the action of following.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ, ΣΥΝΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ

Etymology: From the prefix 'α-' (a-, 'together with') and 'κελευθος' (keleuthos, 'a way, a path'). Thus, literally 'to be on the same path' or 'to go along the same way'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-noo

Translations: having become, having come to pass, of having become, of having come to pass

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a genitive singular participle, it often indicates a causal or temporal relationship, meaning 'of one who has become' or 'when something has happened.' It describes an action that has already taken place and is often used to modify a noun in the genitive case.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

G4521

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sahb-BAH-too

Translations: (of) Sabbath, (of) a Sabbath

Notes: This word refers to the Sabbath, which is a day of rest and worship, observed by Jews from Friday sunset to Saturday sunset. In the New Testament, it often refers to the seventh day of the week. The genitive form 'ΣΑΒΒΑΤΟΥ' indicates possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the Sabbath' or 'belonging to the Sabbath'. It is used to specify a time or event in relation to the Sabbath day.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ΣΑΒΒΑΤΟΝ' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word 'šabbāṯ' (שַׁבָּת), meaning 'rest' or 'cessation'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint, the Koine Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible.

G0756

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EER-xah-toh

Translations: began, started, commenced

Notes: This is the aorist middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'archomai' (to begin). It signifies an action that began in the past, often used to introduce the start of an event or a series of actions. It can also mean 'to rule' or 'to be first', but in this form, it almost exclusively means 'to begin'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'archē' (ἀρχή), meaning 'beginning' or 'rule'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G4864

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-ah-go-GAY

Translations: assembly, a gathering, congregation, synagogue, a synagogue

Notes: This word refers to a gathering or assembly of people, often for religious purposes. It can also specifically denote a synagogue, which was a place of assembly for Jewish worship and instruction. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἄγω' (to lead, to bring).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΔΡΙΟΝ, ΟΧΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb 'συνάγω' (synago), meaning 'to bring together' or 'to assemble'. This verb is formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἄγω' (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.

G191

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-KOO-on-tes

Translations: hearing, those who hear, listening, those who listen, understanding, those who understand

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ΑΚΟΥΩ' (akouō), meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can be translated as 'hearing' or 'those who hear/are hearing', depending on the context. It implies an active process of receiving sound or information, and can also extend to understanding or paying attention.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΝΩΤΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΙ

G1607

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-e-PLESS-son-to

Translations: they were astonished, they were amazed, they were astounded

Notes: This word describes a state of being greatly astonished, amazed, or astounded, often to the point of being overwhelmed or struck with wonder. It implies a strong emotional reaction to something unexpected or remarkable. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'πλήσσω' (plēssō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite'. Thus, it literally means 'to strike out' or 'to strike with astonishment'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ, ΕΚΣΤΑΤΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ (ekplēssō) is derived from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πλήσσω (plēssō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite'. It conveys the idea of being 'struck out' of one's senses by an overwhelming emotion.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-THEE-sah

Translations: having given, having granted, having put, having placed

Notes: This word is an Aorist Active Participle, feminine, nominative singular, derived from the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give' or 'to grant'. As a participle, it describes an action that occurred prior to the main verb, functioning adjectivally or adverbially. It signifies 'she who has given' or 'having given' (referring to a feminine subject). It can also mean 'having put' or 'having placed' depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΣΑ, ΔΩΣΑ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G1411

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-nah-mees

Translations: power, might, strength, ability, miracle, a power, a miracle

Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength, often implying a capacity for action or accomplishment. It can describe physical strength, moral power, or even miraculous power, especially when referring to divine power or acts of God. It is frequently used in the New Testament to denote the supernatural power of God or the Holy Spirit, or the power demonstrated through miracles.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From δύναμαι (dynamai, "to be able, to have power"), which is of uncertain origin.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ghee-NO-meh-nai

Translations: becoming, happening, being made, coming into being, being born, being produced, things that are happening

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to be made,' or 'to come into being.' As a participle, it describes an action or state as if it were an adjective, often translated as 'becoming,' 'happening,' or 'being made.' It refers to things or people that are in the process of coming into existence or undergoing a change.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Feminine, Plural, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΟΥΣΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey ideas of generation, birth, or becoming.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH

Translations: no, not, never, by no means

Notes: This word is a negative adverb used to express absolute negation. It is typically used before a vowel with a rough breathing mark (like 'ουχί' or 'οὐχ') or before a consonant with a smooth breathing mark (like 'οὐκ'). It denies a statement or fact, indicating that something is not true or does not exist. It can be used to negate verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂u- meaning 'not'. It is an ancient Greek negative particle.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G5079

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEK-tone

Translations: carpenter, craftsman, artisan, builder, a carpenter, a craftsman, an artisan, a builder

Notes: This word refers to a craftsman or artisan, particularly one who works with wood, such as a carpenter or builder. It can also refer more broadly to any skilled worker or artisan, including those who work with other materials like metal. It is used to describe someone who constructs or creates things.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΟΣ, ΕΡΓΑΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΚΤΩΝ comes from an ancient root meaning 'to build' or 'to fabricate'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that refer to construction or craftsmanship.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-DEL-fos

Translations: brother, a brother, fellow believer, countryman, kinsman

Notes: This word refers primarily to a male sibling, a brother. However, in a broader sense, it can also denote a fellow human being, a countryman, a kinsman, or, especially in a religious context, a fellow believer or disciple. It is commonly used to address or refer to members of a community or group who share a common bond.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΤΗΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΚΝΟΣ

Etymology: From the prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'together' and 'δελφύς' (delphys) meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb', referring to siblings.

G2385

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ah-KO-boo

Translations: of Jacob, of James

Notes: This word is a proper noun, referring to the biblical figure Jacob, or in the New Testament context, James. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to Jacob' or 'from James'. For example, 'the brother of James' or 'the house of Jacob'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew name Ya'aqov (יַעֲקֹב), meaning 'supplanter' or 'heel-grabber'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint and was widely used in the New Testament.

G2501

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-SEF

Translations: Joseph

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the biblical name Joseph. It is used to identify individuals named Joseph, such as Joseph, the husband of Mary, or Joseph of Arimathea. As a proper noun, it does not typically change meaning based on context.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative or Genitive or Dative

Etymology: The name Joseph is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Yosef, meaning 'He will add' or 'God will increase'. It is a common name in the Old and New Testaments.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FAI

Translations: sisters, the sisters

Notes: This word refers to female siblings, or more broadly, to female members of a community or group who share a common bond, similar to how 'brothers' can refer to male members of a group. It is used in the plural form to denote multiple sisters.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: From the Greek word ἀδελφός (adelphos), meaning 'brother', which is a compound of 'a' (copulative prefix, meaning 'together') and 'delphys' (womb). Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G5602

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-deh

Translations: here, hither, in this place, to this place

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location or direction, meaning 'here' or 'to this place'. It is used to point to a specific location or to indicate movement towards the speaker or a particular spot. For example, it can be used in commands like 'Come here!' or to state that something is located 'here'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΑΔΕ, ΕΝΤΑΥΘΑ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (this) and the locative suffix -de. It indicates proximity to the speaker.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G4624

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-kan-da-LID-zon-toh

Translations: they were offended, they were caused to stumble, they were scandalized

Notes: This word describes the state of being offended, caused to stumble, or scandalized. It implies a moral or spiritual falling away, often due to an obstacle or temptation. In ancient Greek, a 'skandalon' was originally a trap or a stumbling block, and the verb form means to place such a trap or to cause someone to fall into it. Therefore, 'ΕΣΚΑΝΔΑΛΙΖΟΝΤΟ' means that a group of people were experiencing this state of being offended or caused to stumble.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΟΠΤΩ, ΠΤΩΜΑ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G4396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-FEE-tays

Translations: prophet, a prophet

Notes: A prophet is a person who speaks for God, often delivering divine messages, interpreting God's will, or foretelling future events. They are seen as inspired by God to communicate His word to humanity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΙΣ, ΘΕΟΠΝΕΥΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek προφήτης (prophḗtēs), from πρό (pró, “before”) + φημί (phēmí, “to speak”). It literally means 'one who speaks forth' or 'one who speaks for'.

G0820

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-tee-mos

Translations: dishonored, without honor, despised, ignoble, without value, a dishonored person

Notes: This adjective describes someone or something that is without honor, disgraced, or held in low esteem. It can also refer to something that is considered worthless or of no value. It is used to indicate a state of disrepute or a lack of social standing.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΔΟΞΟΣ, ΑΤΙΜΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix 'a-' (meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'time' (meaning 'honor' or 'value'). It literally means 'without honor'.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO

Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.

Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: EE-dee-ah

Translations: one's own, private, peculiar, personal, individually, privately, separately, apart

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'one's own,' 'private,' or 'peculiar,' referring to something belonging to a specific person or group. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'privately,' 'separately,' or 'individually.' As an adjective, it agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. As an adverb, it describes how an action is performed.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular; Feminine, Accusative, Plural; Neuter, Nominative, Plural; Neuter, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ, ΜΟΝΟΣ, ΞΕΧΩΡΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *swe- (reflexive pronoun), meaning 'self.' It developed in Greek to refer to what is 'one's own' or 'private.'

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Particle

Sounds like: EP-see-lon (as a letter name), eh (as a sound)

Translations: E, 5, if, then, indeed

Notes: This is the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet, epsilon. It can represent the number 5. As a standalone word, 'Ε' is not typically found in Koine Greek texts. It is highly probable that 'Ε' in the provided context is a typographical error or an abbreviation for a word like 'εἰ' (if) or 'ἐν' (in). If it were 'εἰ', it would function as a conditional particle meaning 'if'. If it were 'ἐν', it would be a preposition meaning 'in' or 'among'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or numeral). As a particle, it does not inflect.

Etymology: The letter Epsilon (Ε) is derived from the Phoenician letter He. Its name 'epsilon' means 'simple E' to distinguish it from the diphthong 'αι' (ai), which had come to be pronounced the same way.

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DY-nah-toh

Translations: was able, could, had power, was strong enough

Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative middle/passive form of the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. It describes an ongoing or repeated ability or capacity in the past. It is often used to express what someone 'could' or 'was able' to do, or 'had the power' to do. It can also imply a state of being strong enough for something.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ

Etymology: The verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai) comes from the noun 'δύναμις' (dynamis), meaning 'power' or 'ability'. It is related to the concept of inherent strength or capacity.

G0732

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ar-RHO-stoys

Translations: to the sick, for the sick, to the weak, for the weak, to the infirm, for the infirm

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the adjective/noun 'ΑΡΡΩΣΤΟΣ' (arrhostos), meaning 'sick,' 'weak,' or 'infirm.' As a dative plural, it indicates the indirect object of an action, often translated as 'to the sick' or 'for the sick.' It refers to individuals who are physically unwell or lacking strength.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΣΘΕΝΕΣΙΝ, ΚΑΚΩΣ ΕΧΟΥΣΙΝ

G2007

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-THEYS

Translations: having laid upon, having placed upon, having put upon, having imposed

Notes: This word is the masculine or feminine nominative singular form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'epitithēmi'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, indicating someone who has performed the act of laying, placing, or imposing something upon another. It functions adjectivally or adverbially, modifying a noun or describing the manner of an action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word 'epitithēmi' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'epi' (upon, on) and the verb 'tithēmi' (to put, place). It literally means 'to put upon' or 'to place on'.

G5495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEI-ras

Translations: hands, a hand

Notes: This is an inflected form of the Koine Greek noun 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. In this form, 'ΧΙΡΑΣ' typically functions as the accusative plural, referring to multiple hands as the direct object of a verb. It can also, less commonly, be interpreted as the nominative or accusative singular form of a first declension noun, but given the root 'χείρ', the accusative plural is the most common and appropriate interpretation.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΠΑΛΑΜΗ

G2323

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-theh-rah-PEV-sen

Translations: he healed, she healed, it healed, he cured, she cured, it cured

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to heal' or 'to cure'. It describes the act of restoring health or making someone well. It is typically used to describe a past action performed by a singular subject (he, she, or it).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΙΑΟΜΑΙ, ΣΩΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ (therapeuō) comes from the noun ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ (therapōn), meaning 'attendant' or 'servant'. Over time, it evolved to mean 'to serve' or 'to care for', and then specifically 'to care for the sick', leading to its meaning 'to heal'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G0570

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pis-TEE-ah

Translations: unbelief, a lack of faith, faithlessness, distrust

Notes: This noun refers to a state of unbelief or a lack of faith. It describes a condition where one does not trust or believe, often in a spiritual or moral sense. It can also imply a sense of distrust or unfaithfulness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΕΙΑ, ΔΥΣΠΙΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'πιστια' (pistia), meaning 'faith' or 'trust'. Thus, it literally means 'without faith'.

G4013

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-AY-gen

Translations: went about, went around, traveled through, led around

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Together, it means to lead or bring around, or to go about/around a place. It describes the action of moving from place to place within a certain area, often with a purpose such as teaching or preaching.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΓΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1427

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: DOH-deh-kah

Translations: twelve

Notes: This is a scribal abbreviation for the Greek numeral 'twelve' (δώδεκα). In ancient Greek manuscripts, letters were often used to represent numbers, and an overline (or 'overline' as described) was used to indicate this numerical value. The letter Iota (Ι) represents 10, and Beta (Β) represents 2, thus combining to form 12. It is used to denote the quantity of twelve.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a numeral abbreviation)

Etymology: The word δώδεκα (dodeka) comes from δύο (duo, 'two') and δέκα (deka, 'ten').

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G0169

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-ka-THAR-ton

Translations: of unclean, of impure, of defiled

Notes: This word describes something as unclean, impure, or defiled. In Koine Greek, particularly in the New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to 'unclean spirits' or things that are ritually or morally impure. It functions as an adjective, modifying a noun to describe its quality of being unclean.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΑΜΙΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΚΟΙΝΩΝΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΚΑΘΑΡΤΟΣ is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'un-') and 'καθαρός' (katharos), meaning 'clean' or 'pure'. Thus, it literally means 'not clean' or 'unclean'.

G3853

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ang-GEL-len

Translations: he commanded, he ordered, he instructed, he charged, he gave orders

Notes: This word describes the act of giving a command, order, or instruction. It implies a directive from a position of authority or a clear communication of what is to be done. It is often used in contexts where someone is charged with a specific task or responsibility.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'. Thus, it originally conveyed the idea of announcing something from beside someone, or giving a message directly.

G3853

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ENG-ghee-len

Translations: he commanded, he instructed, he ordered, he gave orders, he charged, he gave a charge

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'παραγγέλλω' (parangellō), meaning 'to command' or 'to give orders'. It describes a past action completed by a single male or unspecified subject. The apostrophe (coronis) indicates an elision, likely for stylistic or metrical reasons, but the full form is 'παρήγγειλεν'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-ROH-sin

Translations: to take away, to remove, to lift up, to carry, to bear, to pick up, to raise, to take

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'αἴρω' (airo), meaning 'to take away' or 'to lift up'. It describes the action of removing something or raising it from a lower position. In the provided context, it is used with a negative particle to indicate that they 'will not depart' or 'will not remove themselves'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEE-ran

Translations: they took, they carried, they lifted, they raised

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'αἴρω' (airō). It means 'they took', 'they carried', 'they lifted', or 'they raised'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, often with the sense of picking something up or removing it. For example, it can be used to describe people lifting their voices or taking something away.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΩ

Etymology: The verb 'αἴρω' (airō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to lift, to raise'.

G5475

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHAL-koh

Translations: bronze, copper, brass, money, a bronze, a copper, a brass

Notes: This word refers to various metals like bronze, copper, or brass. It can also be used to refer to money, as coins were often made from these metals. It is typically used to describe objects or currency made of these materials.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΡΕΙΧΑΛΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΚΟΣ (chalkos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or from an ancient Mediterranean language. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, suggesting an ancient root related to copper or bronze.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G5265

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-deh-DEH-meh-noos

Translations: shod, wearing (sandals), having bound under

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb ὑποδέω (hypodeō), meaning 'to bind under' or 'to put on (sandals)'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo, 'under') and δέω (deō, 'to bind'). In its participle form, it describes someone who has been shod or is wearing something, typically sandals, having had them bound onto their feet. It is used to indicate a state of being equipped with footwear.

Inflection: Perfect Passive Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Etymology: The word ὑποδέω (hypodeō) is a compound of the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under', and the verb δέω (deō), meaning 'to bind'. It literally means 'to bind under' and came to be used specifically for putting on footwear.

G1746

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-DEW-see-stheh

Translations: put on, clothe yourselves, be clothed, wear

Notes: This word is a command or exhortation to 'put on' or 'clothe yourselves' with something, often used metaphorically in the New Testament to describe adopting a certain character or quality. It implies an active choice to assume or be invested with something, like putting on a garment.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Middle Voice, Imperative

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΕΣΘΕ, ΑΜΦΙΕΝΝΥΣΘΕ

Etymology: From the prefix 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and 'δύω' (dyō), meaning 'to sink, enter, put on'. The combination signifies putting something on oneself, as if sinking into it.

G5509

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khee-TOH-nas

Translations: tunics, coats, garments

Notes: This word refers to an undergarment or tunic, typically worn next to the skin, similar to a shirt or a long robe. It was a common piece of clothing in ancient times, worn by both men and women. In the provided context, it is used in its plural form, referring to multiple tunics or garments.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΜΑΤΙΟΝ, ΕΝΔΥΜΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word "χιτών" (chitōn) is of Semitic origin, likely borrowed into Greek from a word similar to the Hebrew "kuttoneth" or Aramaic "kittuna", referring to a tunic or shirt.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AN

Translations: if, perhaps, whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, as soon as, until, before

Notes: This word is a conditional particle used to express possibility, contingency, or indefiniteness. It is often used with the subjunctive mood to form conditional clauses, indicating that an action or state is dependent on a certain condition. It can also be combined with other words to form indefinite relative pronouns or adverbs, such as 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whenever'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΟΤΑΝ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The particle 'an' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en- meaning 'on, at'. It is an ancient Greek particle that has been used since classical times.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EL-thee-teh

Translations: go out, come out, depart, leave

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to go out,' 'to come out,' 'to depart,' or 'to leave.' It is often used in the context of physical movement from one place to another, such as leaving a house or a city. It can also be used metaphorically, such as 'to come forth' or 'to appear.' It is a compound word formed from 'ΕΞ' (ex), meaning 'out of,' and 'ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G3739, G3754

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Possessive Pronoun, Numeral

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, his, her, its, their, 70

Notes: This word, ΟΣʼ, can have multiple meanings in Koine Greek due to the lack of diacritics in the input and the presence of the apostrophe. Most commonly, it represents the relative pronoun ὅς (hos), meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'what,' used to introduce a relative clause. It can also represent the possessive pronoun ὅς (hos), meaning 'his,' 'her,' 'its,' or 'their.' The apostrophe (keraia) at the end indicates that it could also be the Greek numeral for 70. It is less likely to be an elision (coronis) in this form, as there isn't a common elided word that would result in ΟΣ'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine (for relative/possessive pronoun); Does not inflect (for numeral)

Synonyms: ΟΤΙΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The relative pronoun ὅς (hos) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root. The numeral meaning derives from the use of Greek letters as numerical symbols.

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G1607

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ek-por-yoo-OH-men-oy

Translations: going out, coming out, proceeding, issuing, marching out

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'going out' or 'coming out'. It describes an action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or originating from something. It can refer to people marching out for war, or things issuing forth from a source.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἐκπορεύομαι (ekporeuomai) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πορεύομαι (poreuomai), meaning 'to go' or 'to journey'.

G1564

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-KAY-then

Translations: from there, thence, from that place

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating movement or origin from a specific place or point in time. It can be used to describe someone or something coming from a particular location, or an event happening subsequently from a previous point in time. For example, 'he went from there' or 'from that point, he did X'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙ, ΕΝΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ is derived from the demonstrative adverb ΕΚΕΙ (there) and the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or movement from a place. It signifies 'from that place'.

G5522

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHOON

Translations: dust, earth, dirt, a dust, an earth, a dirt

Notes: This word refers to fine, dry particles of earth or other matter. It is often used in contexts describing the ground, the act of throwing dust, or as a symbol of humility, mourning, or destruction. For example, it can describe the ground one walks on, or the dust that is thrown upon one's head as a sign of grief.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΗ, ΚΟΝΙΟΡΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word Χοῦς (Chous) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb χέω (cheō), meaning 'to pour', referring to something poured out or scattered.

G5270

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-po-KAH-toh

Translations: underneath, below, under

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a preposition, meaning 'underneath' or 'below'. It indicates a position directly beneath something else. As a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. It is a compound word formed from ΥΠΟ (under) and ΚΑΤΩ (down).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΟ, ΚΑΤΩ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under', and the adverb ΚΑΤΩ (kato), meaning 'down' or 'below'. It is a compound word emphasizing the sense of being directly underneath.

G3142

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mar-too-REE-on

Translations: testimony, a testimony, witness, a witness, evidence, a proof

Notes: This word refers to a testimony, witness, or evidence. It is used to describe something that provides proof or confirmation of a fact or event. It can refer to the act of bearing witness or the content of what is testified.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΣ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ

Etymology: From G3144 (μάρτυς, 'martys'), meaning 'witness'. It refers to that which is borne witness to, or the content of a witness's testimony.

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: ex-EL-thon-tes

Translations: having gone out, going out, went out, came out, departed, having come forth, coming forth

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ' (exerchomai), meaning 'to go out' or 'to come forth'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It often conveys the sense of 'having gone out' or 'those who went out', indicating a completed action of departure or emergence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G1544

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-EB-al-lon

Translations: they were casting out, they cast out, they were driving out, they drove out, they were expelling, they expelled

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΚ (out of) and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (to throw, cast). It means to cast out, drive out, or expel. It describes an action of forceful removal from a place or state. In the provided context, it refers to the act of casting out demons or expelling people.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΚΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΚΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ is a compound of the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. Its meaning is derived directly from the combination of these two elements.

G2323

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-theh-rah-PEH-oo-on

Translations: they were healing, they were curing, they were serving, they were worshipping

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'therapeuō'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means 'to heal', 'to cure', 'to serve', or 'to worship'. In the context of healing, it refers to providing medical care or restoring health. In the context of service, it implies attending to someone's needs or showing devotion. The specific meaning depends on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΙΑΟΜΑΙ, ΣΩΖΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-KOO-sen

Translations: he heard, she heard, it heard, he listened, she listened, it listened, he understood, she understood, it understood

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hear', 'to listen', or 'to understand'. It is used to describe the action of perceiving sound or comprehending information. As an aorist tense verb, it describes a completed action in the past, without specifying its duration. It is in the third person singular, meaning the subject is 'he', 'she', or 'it'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G5319

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: fah-neh-RON

Translations: manifest, evident, clear, visible, apparent, known, a manifest thing, an evident thing

Notes: This word describes something that is visible, apparent, or clear. It is used to indicate that something is easily seen, understood, or made known. It can refer to something that is openly displayed or something that becomes obvious.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΣ, ΕΜΦΑΝΗΣ, ΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From φανερόω (phaneroō, 'to make visible, reveal'), from φανός (phanos, 'light, torch'), from φαίνω (phainō, 'to bring to light, make appear').

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority, title

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or authority, as a name often represents the essence of a person or entity. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'name'. It is cognate with Latin 'nomen' and English 'name'.

G2491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-nays

Translations: John

Notes: This is a common biblical name, equivalent to the English 'John'. It is a masculine proper noun frequently appearing in the New Testament, referring to several individuals such as John the Baptist, John the Apostle, and John Mark. It is derived from a Hebrew name meaning 'Yahweh is gracious'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From the Hebrew name Yochanan (יוחנן), meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It was a very common name among Jews in the Hellenistic period.

G0907

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bap-TID-zoh

Translations: baptize, immerse, dip, wash

Notes: This verb means to baptize, immerse, or dip something into a liquid. It is commonly used in the context of religious rituals, particularly Christian baptism, where a person is immersed in water as a symbol of purification or initiation. It can also refer more generally to washing or overwhelming with something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΑΠΤΩ, ΝΙΠΤΩ, ΛΟΥΩ

Etymology: From a derivative of the Greek verb βάπτω (báptō), meaning 'to dip' or 'to dye'. The suffix -ίζω (-izō) indicates a causative or iterative action, thus 'to cause to be dipped' or 'to repeatedly dip'.

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GAY-ger-tai

Translations: has been raised, is risen, has been awakened, has been aroused

Notes: This word is the perfect passive indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'ἐγείρω' (egeirō). It means 'he/she/it has been raised' or 'he/she/it is risen/awakened'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results in the present, with the subject being the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ger- ('to awaken, rouse'). In Koine Greek, it means to raise up, awaken, or cause to rise.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: AL-loy

Translations: others, some others, different ones, other things

Notes: This word refers to 'other' people or things, or 'different' ones. It is often used to distinguish one group from another, meaning 'some... others'. For example, 'some went this way, others went that way'. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun or as a pronoun standing in for a noun.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine; Plural, Nominative, Feminine; Plural, Nominative, Neuter; Plural, Vocative, Masculine; Plural, Vocative, Feminine; Plural, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΙ, ΛΟΙΠΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΑΛΛΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-leh-gon

Translations: they were saying, they said, they were telling, they told

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (LEGO). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were saying' or 'they used to say'. It can also simply indicate a past action, 'they said' or 'they told'. It is commonly used to report speech or actions of a group of people in a narrative.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (LEGO) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out, count, tell'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', often implying a deliberate or reasoned utterance.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G4396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-fay-TON

Translations: of prophets

Notes: This word refers to those who speak for God or interpret His will, often foretelling future events. It is a compound word, combining 'pro' (before, forth) and 'phemi' (to speak). It is used to describe individuals who deliver divine messages or act as spokespersons for God.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΙΣ, ΘΕΟΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΗΣ' (prophetes) comes from the Greek prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forth', and the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to speak'. Thus, it literally means 'one who speaks forth' or 'one who speaks before' (either in time or on behalf of someone).

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-keh-fah-LEE-sah

Translations: I beheaded, I cut off the head

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to behead' or 'to cut off the head'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'κεφαλή' (kephale), meaning 'head'. It describes the act of severing someone's head, often as a form of execution. The form 'ΑΠΕΚΕΦΑΛΙΣΑ' specifically indicates a past action performed by the speaker (first person singular).

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G2491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-neen

Translations: John

Notes: This is the name 'John', a very common proper noun in the Koine Greek New Testament and other ancient texts. It refers to several significant figures, most notably John the Baptist, John the Apostle (son of Zebedee), and John Mark. It is used to identify these individuals in various narratives.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'John' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Yochanan (יוחנן), meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It was a common name among Jews in the Second Temple period and was transliterated into Greek.

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-GER-thay

Translations: he was raised, he was awakened, he was roused, he was stirred up, he arose, he rose

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'egeiro', meaning 'to raise' or 'to awaken'. In this specific form, it indicates that someone or something 'was raised' or 'was awakened' by an external force, or 'arose' or 'rose' by themselves. It is commonly used in contexts of rising from sleep, rising from a seated or prone position, or being raised from the dead. It can also refer to being stirred up or roused to action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word 'egeiro' comes from an ancient root meaning 'to rouse' or 'to awaken'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pos-TEE-las

Translations: having sent, having dispatched, having commissioned

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle, masculine, nominative singular form of the verb 'apostellō'. It describes an action of sending or dispatching that has been completed, often with the implication of commissioning someone for a specific purpose. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate that the subject has performed the action of sending.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΨΑΣ, ΕΞΑΠΕΣΤΕΙΛΑΣ

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-RAH-tay-seh

Translations: he held, she held, it held, he took hold of, she took hold of, it took hold of, he seized, she seized, it seized, he grasped, she grasped, it grasped, he overcame, she overcame, it overcame, he prevailed, she prevailed, it prevailed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ΚΡΑΤΕΩ (krateō). It describes an action that happened in the past, indicating that 'he,' 'she,' or 'it' took hold of something, seized it, or gained mastery over it. It implies a firm grip, control, or victory in a specific past event.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΝΙΚΑΩ

G1210

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-day-sen

Translations: he bound, she bound, it bound, he tied, she tied, it tied, he fastened, she fastened, it fastened

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind,' 'to tie,' or 'to fasten.' It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that 'he,' 'she,' or 'it' performed the act of binding or tying. It is often used in contexts of physically restraining someone or something, or metaphorically in terms of obligation or prohibition.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΔΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'δέω' (deō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-LAH-kay

Translations: guard, a guard, prison, a prison, watch, a watch, custody, a custody, keeping, a keeping

Notes: This word refers to a guard, a place of confinement like a prison, or the act of guarding or keeping. It can also denote a watch or a period of time during which a watch is kept, such as a night watch. It is used to describe both the person who guards and the place or action of guarding.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΑ

Etymology: From the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, watch, or preserve'.

G5376

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fee-LIP-poo

Translations: (of) Philip

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Philip'. It refers to a person named Philip and is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'of Philip' or 'Philip's'. It is a common name found in ancient Greek texts, including the New Testament and historical writings.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Greek Φίλιππος (Philippos), meaning 'lover of horses' or 'fond of horses', derived from φίλος (philos, 'dear, beloved, loving') and ἵππος (hippos, 'horse').

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G1060

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GAH-mee-sen

Translations: he married, she married, it married, he took a wife, she took a husband

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb γαμέω (gameō), meaning 'to marry' or 'to take a spouse'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that 'he', 'she', or 'it' performed the act of marrying. It can refer to either a man taking a wife or a woman taking a husband.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Etymology: The word γαμέω (gameō) comes from γάμος (gamos), meaning 'marriage' or 'wedding'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek term for the institution of marriage.

G1832

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ES-tin

Translations: it is lawful, it is permitted, it is possible, it is proper, it is right

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is lawful' or 'it is permitted'. It is often used to express what is morally or legally permissible. It can be followed by an infinitive or a dative case to indicate for whom something is lawful or permitted.

Inflection: Impersonal, Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΝ, ΕΝΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and the verb ἔστι (esti, 'it is'), literally meaning 'it is out of' or 'it is possible from'.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-khee

Translations: he has, she has, it has, he holds, she holds, it holds, he possesses, she possesses, it possesses, he is, she is, it is

Notes: This word is the third person singular present active indicative form of the verb ἔχω (echō). It means 'he/she/it has,' 'holds,' or 'possesses.' It can also be used in a broader sense to mean 'is' or 'is in a certain state,' depending on the context. For example, it can describe a condition or a relationship.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΩ, ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very common and ancient verb in Greek, with cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-theh-len

Translations: he wanted, she wanted, it wanted, he wished, she wished, it wished, he desired, she desired, it desired

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to want', 'to wish', or 'to desire'. It is in the imperfect tense, indicating an ongoing, continuous, or repeated action in the past. It describes what someone was wanting or wishing to do.

Inflection: Third person singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΛΩ (thelo) comes from an ancient Greek root meaning 'to wish' or 'to be willing'.

G0615

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pok-TEE-nai

Translations: to kill, to slay, to put to death

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'apokteino', meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. It describes the act of causing someone's death and is often used in contexts of violence or execution. The infinitive form indicates purpose or potential action, such as 'to kill' or 'for killing'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'apokteino' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'apo' (meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb 'kteino' (meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'). The prefix 'apo' intensifies the action of killing, emphasizing the complete removal of life.

G1492

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EYE-dohs

Translations: knowing, having known, having seen, perceiving, understanding, being aware

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having known' or 'knowing'. It describes someone who possesses knowledge or understanding, often as a result of prior experience or perception. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who knows'). It is derived from the verb 'oida', which means 'to know' or 'to have seen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dih-KAI-oh

Translations: righteous, just, a righteous one, a just one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is righteous, just, or upright according to divine or moral standards. It refers to a person who acts in conformity with God's will or with what is considered right and fair. It can also describe actions or judgments that are just.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ' (dikaios) is derived from 'ΔΙΚΗ' (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which conforms to justice or rightness.

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-gee-on

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy thing, a sacred thing, set apart

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'holy,' 'sacred,' or 'set apart.' It describes something that is consecrated to God, pure, or morally blameless. It can refer to places, objects, or people that are dedicated to divine service or possess a divine quality. In its neuter form, it can also refer to a 'holy thing' or 'sacred place.'

Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular; Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΙΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which inspires awe and reverence, particularly in a religious context.

G4933

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-tay-REH-ee

Translations: was keeping, used to keep, was preserving, used to preserve, was observing, used to observe, was guarding, used to guard

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΗΡΕΩ (TĒREŌ), meaning 'to keep' or 'to guard'. The combined meaning is to keep or preserve carefully, often implying a close or continuous watch, or to keep something together. It describes an ongoing action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΔΙΑΤΗΡΕΩ

G639

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-POH-ray

Translations: he was perplexed, he was at a loss, he was in doubt, he was puzzled

Notes: This word describes a state of being perplexed, at a loss, or in doubt. It implies a feeling of being without a way forward or without a solution to a problem. It is often used to describe someone who is mentally distressed or uncertain about what to do or believe. The form ΗΠΟΡΕΙ is an inflected form of the verb ΑΠΟΡΕΩ.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΙΣΤΑΖΩ, ΑΜΦΙΒΑΛΛΩ

G2234

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: HAY-deh-ohs

Translations: gladly, cheerfully, with pleasure, willingly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'gladly' or 'with pleasure'. It describes an action that is performed willingly, joyfully, or with a sense of delight. It indicates a positive disposition towards the action being taken.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΘΥΜΩΣ, ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΩΣ

Etymology: The word Ἡδέως is derived from the adjective Ἡδύς (hēdys), meaning 'sweet' or 'pleasant'. It describes something that is agreeable or delightful.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-koo-eh

Translations: he was hearing, he heard, she was hearing, she heard, it was hearing, it heard

Notes: This word is a verb form meaning 'he/she/it was hearing' or 'he/she/it heard'. It describes an action of perceiving sound. It can be used in sentences to indicate that someone or something was in the process of listening or had completed the act of hearing something. It is an inflected form of the verb 'to hear'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΚΟΥΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to perceive' or 'to understand' through hearing.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G3753

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-teh

Translations: when, whenever, at which time

Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.

G1077

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: geh-NEH-see-oys

Translations: birthday, birthday feast, nativity, (to) a birthday, (to) a birthday feast, (to) a nativity

Notes: This word refers to a birthday celebration or a feast held on a birthday. It can also refer more generally to a nativity or origin. In the provided context, it is used in the dative plural, indicating 'to' or 'for' birthday celebrations.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΘΛΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word γένεσις (genesis), meaning 'origin' or 'birth', which itself comes from the verb γίγνομαι (gignomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to be born'.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POY-ee-seh

Translations: he made, he did, he performed, he produced

Notes: This is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'poieō'. It means 'he made' or 'he did'. It describes a completed action in the past, performed by a single male or neuter subject. It is a very common verb used to describe a wide range of actions, from creating something to performing a deed or carrying out a command.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'poieō' comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, indicating creation, action, or performance.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-el-THOO-ses

Translations: of having entered, of having come in, of entering, of coming in

Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'eiserchomai', meaning 'to go in' or 'to enter'. It describes an action of entering that has already occurred, and it functions adjectivally or substantively, often indicating possession or relationship. For example, it could be translated as 'of the one who entered' or 'of her who came in'.

Inflection: Participle, Aorist, Active, Genitive, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΟΥΣΗΣ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΟΥΣΗΣ

Etymology: From the preposition ΕΙΣ (eis, 'into') and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai, 'to come, to go').

G3738

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: or-khe-sa-MEH-nes

Translations: having danced, when she danced, she who danced

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'orcheomai', meaning 'to dance'. It describes an action of dancing that has already occurred, often indicating the subject who performed the action. It is typically used to modify a noun or pronoun, providing additional information about them in a sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Singular, Feminine, Genitive

Etymology: The word 'orcheomai' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'orchis' (row of trees, testicle), perhaps referring to rhythmic movement or arrangement.

G4876

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ah-nah-KAY-meh-noys

Translations: to those reclining with, to those eating with, to those feasting with, to those dining with

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'σύν' (with), 'ἀνά' (up, again), and 'κεῖμαι' (to lie, to recline). It refers to the act of reclining together at a meal, which was the common posture for dining in ancient times. It is used to describe people who are sharing a meal or feasting together, often implying companionship or fellowship during the meal.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΣΘΙΩ, ΣΥΜΠΟΤΗΣ

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOH-soh

Translations: I will give, I will grant, I will bestow, I will put, I will place

Notes: This word is the first person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It indicates an action that the speaker will perform in the future, such as 'I will give' or 'I will grant'. It is commonly used to express promises, intentions, or future actions of giving or providing something.

Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΩΣΕΙ, ΔΩΣΟΜΕΝ

Etymology: The word 'δίδωμι' (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.

G3660

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OH-moh-sen

Translations: he swore, she swore, it swore, he took an oath, she took an oath, it took an oath

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to swear' or 'to take an oath'. It describes the act of making a solemn promise, often invoking a divine witness or a sacred object. It is typically used in contexts where someone is making a binding declaration or commitment.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΟΡΚΙΖΩ, ΕΠΙΟΡΚΕΩ

Etymology: The root verb ΟΜΝΥΜΙ (OMNYMI) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to bind' or 'to confirm'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ex-el-THOO-sa

Translations: having gone out, having come out, going out, coming out

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'exerchomai', meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this form, 'exelthousa' specifically refers to a feminine subject who has performed the action of going or coming out.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G0154

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ai-TAY-so-mai

Translations: I will ask, I will request, I will demand, I will beg

Notes: This word is a verb form indicating a future action of asking or requesting. It implies a personal request or demand, often with a sense of urgency or a right to ask. It is used when someone seeks something for themselves.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Middle Voice, Future Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΙΤΕΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to ask' or 'to seek'. It has been present in Greek from ancient times.

G2776

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: keh-fah-LAYN

Translations: head, a head

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΚΕΦΑΛΗΝ (kephalēn), meaning 'head'. It refers to the anatomical part of the body. In ancient Greek, it could also be used metaphorically to refer to a chief, leader, or the top/summit of something. As an accusative noun, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: KORYPHE, KEPHALIS

Etymology: The word ΚΕΦΑΛΗ (kephalē) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for 'head' in other Indo-European languages.

G2491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-noo

Translations: of John

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'John'. It refers to the well-known biblical figure, John the Baptist, or other individuals named John. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'the son of John' or 'the book of John'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'John' is derived from the Hebrew name 'Yochanan', meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It was a common name in ancient Israel and became prominent through figures like John the Baptist and John the Apostle.

G0907

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: bap-TI-zon-tos

Translations: of baptizing, of one baptizing, of the one baptizing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'baptizo', meaning 'to baptize' or 'to immerse'. As a genitive participle, it describes the action of 'one who is baptizing' or 'the act of baptizing' and functions like an adjective or noun in the genitive case, often indicating possession or relationship. For example, it could refer to 'the one who baptizes' or 'of the baptizer'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΒΑΠΤΩ, ΕΜΒΑΠΤΩ

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: el-THOO-sah

Translations: having come, having gone, having arrived, having entered, having gone forth, having gone out, having come out, having come forth, having come in, having come upon, having gone up

Notes: This word is a feminine, singular, nominative participle derived from the verb 'ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ' (ERCHOMAI), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb. It indicates that a female subject has completed the action of coming or going. Its specific meaning can vary depending on the prefix of the compound verb it's derived from (e.g., 'ἐξελθοῦσα' for 'having gone out', 'ἐπελθοῦσα' for 'having come upon').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΟΥΣΑ, ΙΟΥΣΑ

Etymology: The root verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (ERCHOMAI) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'.

G2112

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: EW-thys

Translations: immediately, straightway, forthwith, at once, directly, straight, right, direct, a straight, a right

Notes: ΕΥΘΥΣ can function as an adverb meaning 'immediately' or 'straightway', indicating something happens without delay. It can also function as an adjective meaning 'straight', 'right', or 'direct', describing a path, a person's character, or a judgment. Its meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Adverb (does not inflect); Adjective (Nominative, Masculine or Feminine, Singular)

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From a primary particle meaning 'straight'. It conveys the idea of directness, either in space (straight line) or time (immediately).

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G4710

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: spoo-DEHS

Translations: (of) diligence, (of) haste, (of) earnestness, (of) zeal, (of) eagerness

Notes: This word refers to a state of earnestness, diligence, or eagerness. It can also denote speed or haste in action. It is used to describe the quality of being diligent or the act of doing something quickly and with great effort.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΑΧΟΣ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΑ, ΖΗΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word σπουδή (spoudē) is derived from the verb σπεύδω (speudō), meaning 'to hasten' or 'to be eager'. It refers to the quality of being quick or earnest in action.

G0154

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-TAY-sah-toh

Translations: he asked, she asked, it asked, he requested, she requested, it requested, he demanded, she demanded, it demanded

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'aiteo'. It describes an action of asking, requesting, or demanding that occurred in the past, with the subject performing the action for themselves (middle voice) or having the action done to them (passive voice), though in this specific form, it's more commonly used in the middle voice to mean 'he/she/it asked for himself/herself/itself'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOO-sah

Translations: saying, speaking, telling, a woman saying

Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action. It is in the feminine, singular, and nominative case, meaning it describes a female subject who is in the act of saying, speaking, or telling something. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the one who is saying'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΣΑ, ΦΩΝΟΥΣΑ

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: THEH-loh

Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to will, to intend, to be willing

Notes: This verb expresses a desire, intention, or willingness to do something. It can be used to indicate a strong personal wish or a divine will. It often takes an infinitive to complete its meaning, indicating what is wished or willed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷhelh₁- (to want, wish). It is related to the English word 'will' (as in 'free will').

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G4036

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: peh-REE-loo-poss

Translations: very sorrowful, exceedingly sorrowful, deeply grieved, sad

Notes: This word is a compound adjective formed from 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'exceedingly', and 'λύπη' (lype), meaning 'grief' or 'sorrow'. It describes a state of intense or profound sadness, indicating someone who is overwhelmed by grief or sorrow. It is used to emphasize a deep emotional state.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΥΠΗΡΟΣ, ΣΚΥΘΡΩΠΟΣ, ΣΤΥΓΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΡΙΛΥΠΟΣ is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around, about, exceedingly', and the noun λύπη (lype), meaning 'grief, sorrow'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

G4876

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: soo-nah-nah-KAY-meh-noos

Translations: those reclining with, fellow guests, those eating with

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the prefix 'συν-' (syn-, meaning 'with' or 'together'), 'ἀνά' (ana-, meaning 'up' or 'again'), and 'κεῖμαι' (keimai, meaning 'to lie' or 'to recline'). It refers to people who are reclining together, typically at a meal, as was the custom in ancient times. It is often translated as 'fellow guests' or 'those who are eating with' someone.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΔΕΙΠΝΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΣΘΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of three elements: 'συν-' (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together'; 'ἀνά' (ana-), meaning 'up' or 'again'; and 'κεῖμαι' (keimai), meaning 'to lie' or 'to recline'. The combination describes the act of lying down together, especially at a meal.

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-THEL-ee-sen

Translations: he wished, he desired, he wanted, he intended, he purposed, he was willing

Notes: This word is a verb indicating a past action of wishing, desiring, wanting, or intending. It describes someone's will or purpose. It can be used to express a strong inclination or a deliberate decision made by a subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΕΩ

Etymology: The word θέλω (thelo) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an Indo-European root meaning 'to wish' or 'to will'.

G0114

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-the-TEH-sai

Translations: to reject, to set aside, to make void, to nullify, to disannul, to despise, to repudiate, to violate

Notes: This word describes the act of rejecting something, setting it aside, or treating it as invalid or worthless. It implies a strong dismissal or a failure to uphold an agreement or law, often with a sense of contempt or disregard.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΑΚΥΡΟΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek prefix 'a-' (meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'θετός' (meaning 'placed' or 'established'). Thus, it literally means 'not placed' or 'not established', conveying the idea of setting aside or making void.

G4688

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: speh-koo-LAH-toh-rah

Translations: executioner, a bodyguard, a scout, a spy

Notes: This word is a Latin loanword in Koine Greek, referring to a 'speculator'. In a military or official context, it typically denotes a member of a special guard or a scout. In the New Testament, it is specifically used to mean an executioner, often a member of the emperor's or a ruler's bodyguard who carried out death sentences.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΗΜΙΟΣ, ΚΟΥΣΤΩΣ

Etymology: This word is a direct transliteration of the Latin word 'speculator', which means 'observer', 'spy', or 'scout'. It derives from the Latin verb 'speculari', meaning 'to observe' or 'to spy'.

G4688

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: spek-LA-toh-ra

Translations: a speculator, a guard, an executioner, a courier

Notes: This word is a loanword from Latin 'speculator'. It refers to a member of a special guard or courier unit, often serving as an executioner or a spy. In the New Testament, it is primarily used to denote a member of the royal guard who also carried out executions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΗΜΙΟΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΠΕΚΛΑΤΩΡ (speculator) is a direct transliteration of the Latin word 'speculator', which means 'observer', 'spy', or 'scout'. It is derived from the Latin verb 'speculari', meaning 'to observe' or 'to spy'.

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-KOO-san-tes

Translations: having heard, those who heard, after hearing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to hear'. It describes an action of hearing that has been completed, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially to modify a noun or describe the circumstances of another action. It can refer to people who have heard something, or indicate that an action occurred after the act of hearing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EEL-thon

Translations: I came, I went, they came, they went

Notes: This word is an aorist form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. The aorist tense describes an action that occurred at a specific point in the past, without emphasizing its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I came/went' (first person singular) or 'they came/went' (third person plural), depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to move' or 'to go'.

G4439

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PTOH-mah

Translations: fall, a fall, corpse, a corpse, dead body, a dead body, ruin, a ruin

Notes: This noun refers to a 'fall' in a literal sense, such as falling down, or in a metaphorical sense, like a moral or spiritual downfall. It can also refer to something that has fallen, specifically a 'corpse' or 'dead body'. In some contexts, it can signify 'ruin' or 'destruction'. It is used to describe both physical and abstract concepts of falling or collapse.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΕΚΡΟΣ, ΠΤΩΣΙΣ, ΟΛΕΘΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the Koine Greek verb πίπτω (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. It describes the result or state of falling.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-thay-kan

Translations: they placed, they put, they laid, they appointed, they made

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a group of people. It can be used in various contexts, such as placing an object somewhere, laying something down, or even appointing someone to a position or making something happen.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The Koine Greek verb τίθημι (tithemi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-, meaning 'to put, place, set'. This root is the source of many words across various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ah-GOHN-tai

Translations: they are gathered, they assemble, they come together, they are brought together

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn, 'with, together') and the verb ἄγω (agō, 'to lead, to bring'). It means to gather together, to assemble, or to bring together. It is often used to describe people or things coming together in one place, either actively gathering themselves or being passively gathered by someone else.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G0652

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-STO-loy

Translations: apostles, messengers, envoys

Notes: This word refers to someone who is sent out on a mission or as an envoy. In a religious context, especially in the New Testament, it primarily denotes the twelve disciples chosen by Jesus, who were sent forth to preach the Gospel. It can also refer more broadly to other Christian missionaries or representatives of the church.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΚΕΣ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΣΤΑΙ

Etymology: From the verb ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ (APOSTELLO), meaning 'to send away' or 'to send forth'. It combines the prefix ΑΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and ΣΤΕΛΛΩ (STELLO), meaning 'to send' or 'to prepare'.

G0002

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pang-GEL-lan

Translations: they reported, they announced, they told, they brought back word

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to report,' 'to announce,' or 'to tell.' It describes the action of bringing a message or news from one place or person to another. It is often used in contexts where information is conveyed, such as reporting events, delivering messages, or making declarations.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó, 'from, away from') and ἀγγέλλω (angéllō, 'to announce, to report'). The prefix ἀπό intensifies the meaning of 'announcing' or 'reporting' something fully or from a source.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G1205

Part of Speech: Verb, Adverb

Sounds like: DEW-teh

Translations: Come!, Come!, Come here!, Come on!

Notes: This word is an imperative, meaning 'Come!' or 'Come here!'. It is used as an invitation or an exhortation to action, often followed by a subjunctive verb to indicate the purpose or result of coming. It can be used for both singular and plural subjects, though it is grammatically plural in form. For example, it might be used to say 'Come, let us go!'

Inflection: Imperative, Second Person, Plural (often used for singular as well)

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΕΣΘΕ, ΙΤΕ

Etymology: From an obsolete imperative of an uncontracted form of ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G5210

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: hoo-MEES

Translations: you, to you, for you, by you, with you

Notes: This word is a second-person plural pronoun. Without diacritics, it most commonly represents either the nominative form 'ὑμεῖς' (you) or the dative form 'ὑμῖν' (to/for/by/with you). Its specific meaning in a sentence depends on the grammatical case it represents, which is often determined by context or the presence of prepositions. It refers to a group of people being addressed.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Dative

Etymology: The word 'ὑμεῖς' (hymeis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *yuH- (you). It is the plural form of the second-person pronoun.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOY

Translations: they, themselves, to them, for them, to themselves, for themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun (they, them) or a reflexive pronoun (themselves). It can also be used to emphasize a noun, meaning 'the very' or 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the case and context. For example, in the nominative case, it typically means 'they' or 'themselves', while in the dative case, it means 'to them' or 'for them'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΙ, ΟΥΤΟΙ

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-ahn

Translations: one's own, his own, her own, its own, their own, private, peculiar, a private, a peculiar

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own' or 'private'. It emphasizes possession or belonging to a specific individual or group, distinguishing it from something common or shared. It is often used to denote something personal, peculiar, or belonging exclusively to someone. In this form, it is the feminine singular accusative, meaning it describes a feminine noun that is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ, ΕΑΥΤΟΥ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G2048

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: EH-ree-mo

Translations: desert, desolate, solitary, wilderness, a desert, a wilderness

Notes: This word describes something that is desolate, uninhabited, or solitary. It can refer to a physical place like a desert or wilderness, or it can describe a state of being alone or abandoned. As a noun, it typically refers to a desert or a desolate region.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter; or Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΙΚΗΤΟΣ, ΕΡΗΜΙΑ, ΕΡΗΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek root *eremos*, meaning 'solitary' or 'uninhabited'. It is related to the idea of being alone or separated from others.

G0373

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-pah-YEH-sthai

Translations: to rest, to refresh oneself, to take rest, to find rest, to be refreshed, to give rest

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to rest' or 'to refresh oneself'. It implies a cessation from labor or activity, often for the purpose of recuperation or finding peace. It can be used to describe physical rest, as well as spiritual or emotional rest. It is often used in the middle voice, indicating that the subject performs the action on themselves or for their own benefit.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: KOIMAMAI, HESYCHAZO, ANAPSYCHO

G3641

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: oh-LI-gon

Translations: little, a little, small, few, a few, for a little while, briefly, short, a short time

Notes: This word describes something as small in quantity, size, or duration. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating a small amount or number of something. As an adverb, it describes an action or state as happening for a short time or to a small extent. It can refer to a brief period of time, a small quantity, or a limited number of things.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Adverbial form (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to words meaning 'to lessen' or 'to be small'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-sahn

Translations: they were, they had been

Notes: ΗΣΑΝ is an inflected form of the verb 'ΕΙΜΙ' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Specifically, it is the third person plural imperfect indicative form. It describes an ongoing or continuous state or action in the past, often translated as 'they were' or 'they used to be'. It is commonly used to describe the state or existence of multiple subjects in a past context.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative

Etymology: The Koine Greek verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) derives from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental and frequently used verbs in the language, indicating existence, state, or identity.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ER-kho-men-oy

Translations: coming, those who are coming, the ones coming, who come, when they come, as they come

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or simultaneous with the main verb. In this form, it refers to 'those who are coming' or 'the ones coming', often implying a continuous or habitual action of coming or going. It can be used to describe people or things that are in the process of arriving or moving towards a location.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Nominative Case, Masculine Gender, Plural Number

Synonyms: ΗΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΟΝΤΕΣ

G5217

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-PAH-gon-tes

Translations: going away, departing, leaving, going

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'hypago' (ΥΠΑΓΩ), meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It is a compound word formed from 'hypo' (ΥΠΟ), meaning 'under' or 'away', and 'ago' (ΑΓΩ), meaning 'to lead' or 'to go'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of going away or departing. It can be used to describe people who are leaving a place or moving on.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G3761

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OO-deh

Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not

Notes: This word is a compound conjunction or adverb meaning 'and not', 'neither', 'nor', or 'not even'. It is used to connect two negative clauses or to emphasize a negation. It often appears in lists to negate multiple items, similar to how 'neither...nor' is used in English. It can also simply mean 'not' when emphasizing a point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΕ, ΜΗΔΕ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and the conjunction ΔΕ (de, 'but, and').

G2119

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-KAI-roon

Translations: they had opportunity, they had leisure, they had time, they were at leisure

Notes: This word describes the state of having a favorable opportunity, sufficient time, or leisure to do something. It implies being free from other obligations or having the right circumstances to act. In a sentence, it would indicate that the subject was able to do something because they had the chance or the time.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΥΚΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From the Greek words ΕΥ (eu, meaning 'well') and ΚΑΙΡΟΣ (kairos, meaning 'time' or 'opportune moment'). It literally means 'to have good time' or 'to have a good opportunity'.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DON

Translations: they saw, I saw, to see, having seen

Notes: This word is an aorist form of the verb 'to see' or 'to perceive'. It can function as a third-person plural indicative ('they saw'), a first-person singular indicative ('I saw'), or, less commonly, as an infinitive or participle depending on the context, conveying the action of seeing or perceiving something in a completed past action. It is often used to introduce a new observation or event.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural; or Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular; or Aorist, Active, Infinitive; or Aorist, Active, Participle (Neuter Singular Nominative/Accusative)

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'εἶδον' (eidon) serves as the aorist form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horaō), meaning 'to see'. It is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, which also means 'to see' or 'to know'.

G5217

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-pa-GON-tas

Translations: going away, departing, going, leaving

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'going away' or 'departing'. It describes an action that is ongoing or happening at the same time as the main verb. It is often used to indicate movement from one place to another, or to signify a departure. It can function adjectivally, describing someone who is going, or adverbially, indicating the manner of an action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΑΓΩ (hypago) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'away', and the verb ΑΓΩ (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to go'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead away' or 'to go away'.

G1921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-eg-NOH-san

Translations: they knew, they recognized, they understood, they perceived, they learned

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to know fully, to recognize, to understand, or to perceive. It implies a deeper or more complete knowledge than simple 'knowing'. The form ΕΠΕΓΝΩΣΑΝ specifically refers to an action that was completed in the past by a group of people ('they'). It can be used to describe coming to a full realization or acknowledging something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ is a compound formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. The combination suggests a knowing that is 'upon' or 'in addition to' a prior state of knowing, thus implying a fuller or more complete understanding.

G3979

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PEH-zee

Translations: on foot, by land, pedestrian, foot-soldier

Notes: This word describes something done on foot or by land, as opposed to by sea or by horse. It can function as an adjective meaning 'pedestrian' or 'on foot', or as an adverb meaning 'on foot' or 'by land'. For example, one might travel 'on foot' (ΠΕΖΗ) or describe a 'foot-soldier' (ΠΕΖΟΣ).

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Dative; or Adverb

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πεζός (pezós, “on foot”), from πούς (poús, “foot”).

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G4936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ED-rah-moh

Translations: ran together, gathered together, flocked together, came together

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'συντρέχω' (syntrechō), meaning 'to run together' or 'to gather together'. It describes a situation where multiple individuals or groups converge or assemble in one place, often with a sense of urgency or purpose. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'τρέχω' (trechō), meaning 'to run'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G4281

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-EEL-tho

Translations: I went forth, I came forth, I proceeded

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to go forth,' 'to come forth,' or 'to proceed.' It describes movement from one place to another, often implying an advance or emergence. It can be used in contexts where someone leaves a place to go to another, or when something originates or proceeds from a source.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΠΡΟ (PRO), meaning 'before' or 'forward,' and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (ERCHOMAI), meaning 'to come' or 'to go.' Thus, it literally means 'to come forward' or 'to go forward.'

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-deh

Translations: he saw, she saw, it saw

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao) or 'εἴδω' (eido), which means 'to see' or 'to perceive'. It describes a completed action of seeing in the past, often implying a sudden or definite act of perception. It is used to state that a specific individual (he, she, or it) performed the action of seeing.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The root verb 'ὁράω' (horao) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. The aorist stem 'εἶδον' (eidon) is a suppletive form, meaning it comes from a different root than the present tense, specifically from an older root related to 'knowing' or 'seeing'.

G3793

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OKH-lon

Translations: crowd, multitude, a crowd, a multitude, mob, a mob

Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, a crowd, or a multitude. It can also carry the negative connotation of a mob or a disorderly throng. It is often used in the New Testament to describe the large groups of people who followed Jesus or gathered to hear his teachings. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb, such as 'to teach a crowd' or 'a crowd upon me'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: The etymology of ΟΧΛΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a word meaning 'to move' or 'to stir', suggesting a moving or agitated mass of people.

G4697

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ess-plang-KHNI-sthee

Translations: he had compassion, he felt pity, he was moved with pity, he was moved with compassion

Notes: This word describes a deep, visceral feeling of compassion or pity, often originating from the innermost being or 'bowels'. It signifies a strong emotional response to the suffering or plight of others, leading to an urge to help. It is frequently used in the New Testament to describe Jesus's profound empathy for people.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ, ΕΛΕΕΩ

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-on-tah

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being, keeping, experiencing, a having, a holding

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or possessing. It can also be used to describe a state of being or experiencing something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or an adverb, modifying a noun or verb, and its meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, often indicating a continuous action.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΝ, ΦΕΡΟΝΤΑ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is related to other Greek words like ἕξις (héxis, 'habit, state') and ὀχή (ochḗ, 'support').

G4166

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: poy-MEH-nah

Translations: shepherd, a shepherd, pastor, a pastor

Notes: This word refers to a shepherd, someone who tends and cares for sheep. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a leader, a guide, or a spiritual pastor who cares for a flock of people. In its literal sense, it describes a person whose occupation is to look after sheep. In a figurative sense, it describes someone who provides guidance and protection, much like a shepherd protects their flock.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΚΟΛΟΣ, ΑΙΠΟΛΟΣ

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has already occurred. It emphasizes the immediacy or completion of an action or state. It can be used to mean 'already' in the sense of something having taken place before the expected time, or 'now' in the sense of 'at this very moment'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΡΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-d- (meaning 'already, now'). It is related to words meaning 'at that time' or 'then'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ghee-NO-meh-nees

Translations: of becoming, of being, of happening, of coming to pass, of being made, of being born

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), which means 'to become,' 'to be,' 'to happen,' or 'to come into existence.' As a genitive participle, it often functions in a genitive absolute construction, indicating a circumstance or time when something else occurs, similar to 'when it was happening' or 'while it was being done.' It can also simply indicate possession or relationship in a genitive sense.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine or Middle/Passive, Present

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΗΣ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G4334

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-EL-thon-tes

Translations: having come to, approaching, drawing near, coming forward, those who came to, when they came to

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'προσέρχομαι' (proserchomai), meaning 'to come to' or 'to approach'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of an action, such as 'when they came to' or 'after they had approached'. It can also function adjectivally, describing 'those who came to'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΓΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G2048

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: EH-ree-mos

Translations: desolate, desert, wilderness, solitary, a desert, a wilderness

Notes: This word describes something that is desolate, uninhabited, or solitary. As an adjective, it can modify a noun to indicate its deserted nature. As a noun, it refers to a desert or wilderness area, a place that is empty or uncultivated. It is often used to describe uninhabited regions or places where people withdraw for solitude.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine; or Nominative/Accusative, Plural, Neuter (as a noun, 'desert places'); or Nominative/Accusative, Singular, Neuter (as a noun, 'a desert place'). It can also be used as an adjective with various inflections.

Synonyms: ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ, ΕΡΗΜΙΑ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary word. It describes a place that is empty or uninhabited, often referring to a wilderness or desert.

G5610

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-rah

Translations: hour, an hour, time, season, moment

Notes: This word refers to a specific period of time, which can be an hour, a particular time of day, a season, or a crucial moment. It is often used to denote a fixed or appointed time, such as 'the hour has come' for an event to occur. It can also refer to a specific season of the year.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'year, season'. It refers to a limited period of time, a season, or a specific hour.

G565

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pel-THON-tes

Translations: having gone away, having departed, going away, departing, those who went away

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural, of the verb aperchomai (ἀπέρχομαι), meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It describes an action completed in the past, indicating that the subjects have already performed the action of going away. It functions like an adjective, modifying a plural masculine noun or pronoun, or can stand on its own as 'those who went away'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΥΠΑΓΟΝΤΕΣ

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOYS

Translations: (to) themselves, (for) themselves, themselves, (among) themselves

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'they gave to themselves' or 'they saw themselves'. It emphasizes that the subject is both the actor and the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'ἑός' (heos, 'his own') and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self').

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-kree-THEIS

Translations: having answered, answering, replied, having replied

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'apokrinomai', meaning 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often functioning adverbially to indicate that someone spoke in response to something. It is frequently used in narrative contexts to introduce a character's response.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΠΩΝ

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOH-teh

Translations: give, grant, allow, entrust, deliver

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to give' or 'to grant'. It is used as a command or an exhortation, instructing someone or a group of people to perform the action of giving. It can also imply entrusting something to someone or delivering something.

Inflection: Second Person Plural, Aorist Active, Imperative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΔΩΜΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃-, meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated verb, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.

G0059

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-go-RAH-so-men

Translations: let us buy, we may buy, we should buy

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to buy' or 'to purchase'. It implies the act of acquiring something, often in a marketplace or public setting. It can also refer to redeeming or ransoming, especially in a theological context. The form 'ΑΓΟΡΑΣΩΜΕΝ' is a first-person plural subjunctive, suggesting a hortatory or deliberative action, like 'let us buy' or 'we should buy'.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active

Synonyms: ΩΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΙΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀγοράζω (agorazō) is derived from ἀγορά (agora), meaning 'marketplace' or 'assembly'. It originally meant 'to frequent the marketplace' and later came to mean 'to buy' or 'to sell' there.

G4214

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-SOOS

Translations: how many, how great, as many as, as great as

Notes: This word is an interrogative and indefinite adjective. As an interrogative, it asks about quantity or size, meaning 'how many?' or 'how great?'. As an indefinite adjective, it refers to an unspecified quantity or size, meaning 'as many as' or 'as great as'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΣΟΣ' is derived from the interrogative pronominal stem 'πο-' (po-) combined with the suffix '-σος' (-sos), indicating quantity or measure. It is related to other interrogative and indefinite pronouns and adjectives in Greek.

G1097

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: GNO-n-tes

Translations: knowing, having known, understanding, perceiving, recognizing, realizing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to know' or 'to understand'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, indicating that the subject has gained knowledge or understanding. It functions like an adjective or adverb in a sentence, modifying a noun or verb to provide additional information about the state of knowing or having known something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G0347

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-klee-THEE-nai

Translations: to recline, to lie down, to be made to recline, to be made to lie down

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'anaklino'. It means 'to recline' or 'to lie down', often in the context of eating a meal, as was customary in ancient times. In its passive form, it means 'to be made to recline' or 'to be caused to lie down'. It describes the action of taking a reclining position, typically at a table or on the ground.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΠΙΠΤΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΛΙΝΩ

G4849

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soom-po-SEE-ah

Translations: a drinking party, a banquet, a feast

Notes: This word refers to a drinking party, a banquet, or a feast. It describes a social gathering, often involving food and drink, where people recline together. It is a compound word derived from 'σύν' (together with) and 'πόσις' (a drinking).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter; or Plural, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΠΝΟΝ, ΕΥΩΧΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the noun ΠΟΣΙΣ (posis), meaning 'a drinking' or 'drink'. The word literally means 'a drinking together'.

G5515

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KHLO-roh

Translations: (to) green, (to) fresh, (to) pale, (to) pale green, a green thing, a fresh thing

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as green, fresh, or pale. It can refer to the color green, especially of plants or vegetation, indicating freshness or vitality. It can also describe a pale or yellowish-green hue, sometimes associated with sickness or fear. In the provided examples, it is used to describe green grass or vegetation.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΣΙΝΟΣ, ΝΕΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΛΩΡΟΣ (chlōros) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'yellow, green'. It is related to words describing fresh growth or a pale color.

G5528

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHOR-toh

Translations: grass, hay, fodder, pasture, a pasture, a blade of grass

Notes: This word refers to grass, hay, or fodder, often used to describe vegetation in a field or pasture. It can also refer to a single blade of grass. It is typically used in contexts related to agriculture, nature, or sustenance for animals.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΟΑ, ΒΟΤΑΝΗ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek. It is related to Latin 'hortus' (garden) and English 'garden' through a common Indo-European root.

G0377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-PEH-sah

Translations: I reclined, I lay down, I sat down, I fell back, I leaned back

Notes: This verb describes the action of reclining or lying down, often at a meal or for rest. It can also mean to fall back or lean back. In ancient contexts, people would recline on couches while eating, so it frequently refers to taking one's place at a table. The prefix 'ana-' suggests an upward or backward motion, hence 'to fall back' or 'to recline'.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΛΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΚΛΙΝΩ

Etymology: From the prefix 'ana-' (up, back) and the verb 'piptō' (to fall). The combination implies falling back or reclining.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G1540

Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective

Sounds like: heh-ka-TON

Translations: hundred, a hundred

Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'one hundred'. It is used to indicate a quantity of one hundred of something. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or sometimes as a substantive.

Inflection: Does not inflect for gender, number, or case in its basic form, though it can be used with various cases depending on the noun it modifies.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ḱm̥tóm, meaning 'hundred'. It is related to similar words in other Indo-European languages.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G0308

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-BLEP-sas

Translations: having looked up, looking up, having regained sight, regaining sight

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'anablepō', meaning 'to look up' or 'to regain sight'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can describe someone who has lifted their eyes upwards, or someone who has recovered their vision after being blind.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ANAKYPTAS, ANATHEORISAS

Etymology: The word 'anablepō' is a compound verb formed from 'ana' (ἀνά), meaning 'up' or 'again', and 'blepō' (βλέπω), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. Thus, it literally means 'to look up' or 'to see again'.

G2806

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: klah-SAS

Translations: breaking, having broken, after breaking

Notes: ΚΛΑΣΑΣ is the aorist active participle of the verb κλάω, meaning 'to break'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by the subject, often indicating an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'breaking' or 'having broken', depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΡΙΒΩ, ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The verb κλάω (klaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to break'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also convey the sense of breaking or splitting.

G3908

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-ti-THOH-sin

Translations: they set before, they present, they offer, they entrust, they commit

Notes: This word describes the action of placing something before someone, such as food, or presenting an idea. It can also mean to entrust or commit something to someone's care, like a responsibility or a deposit. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative or Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ

G3908

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-THOH-sin

Translations: they may set before, they may present, they may commit, they may entrust, they may commend, they may place beside

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. As such, it means 'to place beside', 'to set before', or 'to present'. It is often used in the sense of entrusting something to someone, committing a task, or commending someone to another's care. It can also refer to setting food before someone.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ is a compound of the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. ΤΙΘΗΜΙ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to put' or 'to place'.

G3307

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MEH-ree-sen

Translations: he divided, she divided, it divided, he distributed, she distributed, it distributed

Notes: The word ΕΜΕΡΙΣΕΝ is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ΜΕΡΙΖΩ. It means 'to divide' or 'to distribute'. This form indicates an action that was completed in the past by a single subject (he, she, or it). It is often used in contexts where something is being portioned out or separated among individuals or groups.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΙΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G5315

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PHA-gon

Translations: ate, did eat, have eaten

Notes: ΕΦΑΓΟΝ is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb meaning 'to eat'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that 'they ate' or 'they did eat'. This form is commonly used to narrate past events without emphasizing the duration or repetition of the action.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΣΘΙΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The root ΦΑΓ (PHAG) is a common aorist stem for verbs related to eating, derived from an older Proto-Indo-European root. It is often used in conjunction with other prefixes to form compound verbs.

G2894

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koh-fee-NOHN

Translations: of baskets, of a basket

Notes: This word refers to a basket, specifically a small, flexible basket, often made of wicker or rushes, used for carrying provisions or food. In its genitive plural form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of baskets' or 'belonging to baskets'. It is commonly used in contexts describing the collection of leftover food, such as in the New Testament accounts of the feeding of the multitudes.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΠΥΡΙΔΩΝ, ΠΛΕΚΤΗ

Etymology: The word κόφινος (kophinos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or borrowed from a Semitic language. It refers to a type of basket, often associated with Jewish culture in the ancient world.

G5315

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fah-GON-tes

Translations: eating, having eaten, who ate

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having eaten' or 'who ate'. It describes an action of eating that has been completed before the main action of the sentence. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate that the subject performed the action of eating.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΣΘΙΩ

Etymology: The verb φάγω (phagō) is a suppletive aorist form of ἐσθίω (esthiō), meaning 'to eat'. Its origin is ancient, tracing back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to consumption.

G315

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-nahng-KAH-seh

Translations: he compelled, he forced, he constrained, he urged, he pressed

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'anagkazo'. It means 'he compelled' or 'he forced' someone to do something. It describes an action that happened in the past, completed at a specific point, indicating that someone exerted pressure or authority to make another person act in a certain way. It can also imply urging or pressing someone to comply.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ

Etymology: The verb ΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ (anagkazo) is derived from the noun ΑΝΑΓΚΗ (anagke), meaning 'necessity' or 'compulsion'. Thus, the verb literally means 'to put under necessity' or 'to compel by necessity'.

G1684

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-BEE-nai

Translations: to go into, to enter, to embark, to step in, to get into

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'embainō'. It means 'to go into' or 'to enter' and is often used to describe the action of stepping into a vehicle like a boat, or entering a place. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun and can be used as the object of another verb or to express purpose.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ΕΝ (EN), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (BAINO), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.

G4254

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-AH-gayn

Translations: to lead forth, to go before, to precede, to advance, to proceed, to bring forth, to bring out

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρό (pro, 'before') and the verb ἄγω (ago, 'to lead'). It means to lead someone or something forward, to go ahead of others, or to advance in a particular direction. It can be used in contexts of physical movement, like leading an army, or in a more abstract sense, like progressing in a task.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρό (pro, 'before') and ἄγω (agō, 'to lead').

G0966

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: beth-sa-ee-DAN

Translations: Bethsaida, to Bethsaida, into Bethsaida

Notes: Bethsaida was a town located on the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee, in the region of Galilee. It is mentioned in the New Testament as the home of several of Jesus' apostles and a place where Jesus performed miracles. It is typically used in sentences to refer to the town itself or as the destination of movement.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Bethsaida' is a compound word derived from Aramaic, meaning 'house of fishing' or 'house of the fisherman'.

G630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LYOO-ee

Translations: he releases, he dismisses, he sends away, he divorces, he sets free, he lets go, he pardons

Notes: This word describes the action of releasing, dismissing, or sending someone or something away. It can be used in various contexts, such as releasing a prisoner, dismissing a crowd, sending someone on their way, or even divorcing a spouse. It implies a separation or a setting free from a previous state or connection.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G0657

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-TAX-ah-meh-nos

Translations: having taken leave, having renounced, having said farewell, having bid farewell, having separated oneself, having given up

Notes: This word is the aorist middle participle of the verb ἀποτάσσω (apotassō), meaning to separate oneself from, to take leave of, or to renounce. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, emphasizing their personal involvement in the act of separation or renunciation.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, "from, away from") and τάσσω (tassō, "to arrange, to order"). The combination implies arranging oneself away from something or someone.

G0565

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-EEL-then

Translations: he went away, she went away, it went away, he departed, she departed, it departed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Therefore, 'ἀπῆλθεν' specifically means 'he/she/it went away' or 'he/she/it departed'. It describes movement from one place to another, indicating a departure or withdrawal.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

G4336

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-YOOK-sas-thai

Translations: to pray, to make a prayer, to offer prayer

Notes: This word means to pray or to offer prayer. It is commonly used in the context of addressing God or a deity, expressing devotion, making requests, or giving thanks. It can be used in sentences like 'He went to pray' or 'They gathered to pray to the Lord'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek προσεύχομαι (proseúkhomai), a compound of πρός (pros, "to, toward") and εὔχομαι (eúkhomai, "to pray, to wish").

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MOH-nos

Translations: only, alone, single, a single one

Notes: This word describes something as being unique, solitary, or singular. It emphasizes exclusivity, meaning 'one and no other'. It can be used to describe a person, object, or concept that stands by itself or is the sole instance of something. For example, it can refer to someone being 'alone' or 'the only one' of a kind.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This word inflects for gender, number, and case (e.g., feminine ΜΟΝΗ, neuter ΜΟΝΟΝ, plural ΜΟΝΟΙ).

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ, ΕΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *mon- (to remain, stay). It is related to the idea of being fixed or standing alone.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DON

Translations: having seen, when he saw, when they saw, seeing, looking, perceiving

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'οράω' (orao), meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb. It often indicates the cause or circumstance of another action, such as 'having seen this, he did that'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩΝ, ΘΕΩΡΩΝ

G1643

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAU-nin

Translations: to drive, to row, to push, to impel, to move, to go

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ἐλαύνω (elaunō). It means 'to drive,' 'to row,' 'to push,' or 'to impel.' In the provided context, 'ΕΝ ΤΩ ΕΛΑΥΝΙΝ' (en tō elaunin) means 'in their rowing' or 'while they were rowing,' indicating an action in progress. It describes the act of propelling something, often a boat with oars, or driving something forward.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΩΘΕΩ, ΠΛΕΩ, ΚΙΝΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ἐλαύνω (elaunō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, to push.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also convey the idea of movement or propulsion.

G3588, G3739

Part of Speech: Article, Pronoun, Numeral

Sounds like: HAY

Translations: the, who, which, what, that, she, a, an, 8

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation, indicated by the overline. It most commonly represents the feminine nominative singular definite article 'ἡ' (he), meaning 'the' or 'a/an'. It can also represent the feminine nominative singular relative pronoun 'ἥ' (he), meaning 'who', 'which', or 'that'. Additionally, 'Η' (eta) can function as the numeral 8 in the Greek numbering system. The context of the sentence is crucial for determining the correct meaning.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (for article/pronoun); Does not inflect (for numeral)

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: en-AN-tee-os

Translations: opposite, contrary, hostile, an opponent, an adversary

Notes: This word describes something that is set against or in opposition to something else. It can refer to a physical position, like being directly opposite, or to a metaphorical state, such as being hostile or an adversary. It is often used to describe an enemy or an opposing force.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, derived from 'en' (in) and 'antios' (opposite, facing). It describes something that is 'in opposition' or 'facing against'.

G0417

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AH-neh-mos

Translations: wind, a wind, breath, a breath

Notes: This word refers to moving air, often a strong current of air. It can be used literally to describe atmospheric wind, or metaphorically to represent doctrines, influences, or even the Spirit. It is a common term found throughout ancient Greek literature and the New Testament.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to blow' or 'to breathe'. It is related to words for 'breath' and 'spirit' in various Indo-European languages.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-la-KAYN

Translations: guard, a guard, prison, a prison, watch, a watch, custody, a custody, keeping, a keeping

Notes: This word refers to the act of guarding or keeping, a place of custody like a prison, or a period of watching, such as a night watch. It can be used to describe a literal prison or a state of being held in custody. It can also refer to the act of keeping or observing something, like a command or a law.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΚΟΥΣΤΩΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΑΚΗ (phylakē) comes from the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, watch, protect'.

G4043

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-pa-TON

Translations: walking, going about, living, conducting oneself, one who walks, while walking

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ' (peripateō), meaning 'to walk around' or 'to go about'. It describes an action that is ongoing. In a broader sense, it can refer to one's manner of life or conduct, indicating how someone lives or behaves. It is often used to describe someone who is literally walking, but can also be used metaphorically for one's spiritual or moral journey.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΒΑΔΙΖΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G4043

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-pah-TOON-tah

Translations: walking, going about, living, conducting oneself, those walking, those going about

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ', meaning 'to walk' or 'to go about'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can refer to physical movement, but often in Koine Greek, it metaphorically describes one's manner of life, conduct, or behavior. For example, 'walking in truth' means 'living truthfully'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΔΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ' is a compound word formed from 'ΠΕΡΙ' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and 'ΠΑΤΕΩ' (pateo), meaning 'to tread' or 'to walk'. Thus, it literally means 'to walk around'.

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOK-san

Translations: they thought, they seemed, they supposed, they appeared, they resolved, they decided

Notes: ΕΔΟΞΑΝ is the third person plural, aorist indicative active form of the verb ΔΟΚΕΩ (dokeō). It means 'they thought,' 'they seemed,' 'they supposed,' 'they appeared,' or 'they resolved/decided.' This form indicates an action completed in the past by a group of people. It is often used to describe what a group of people believed or how something appeared to them.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΩΗΘΗΣΑΝ, ΕΝΟΜΙΣΑΝ

G0349

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-EK-rax-an

Translations: they cried out, they shouted, they screamed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to cry out' or 'to shout loudly'. It is often used to describe a sudden, strong vocal expression, such as a scream of fear, surprise, or pain, or a loud declaration. It is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ANAKRAZO, indicating an action that occurred in the past and was completed by multiple subjects.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΖΩ, ΒΟΑΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word ANAKRAZO is a compound verb formed from the prefix ANA- (meaning 'up' or 'again') and the verb KRAZO (meaning 'to cry out' or 'to shriek'). The prefix intensifies the action of crying out.

G5015

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ta-RAKH-theh-san

Translations: they were troubled, they were disturbed, they were agitated, they were stirred up

Notes: This word describes a state of being troubled, disturbed, or agitated, often referring to a mental or emotional disturbance, but it can also refer to physical stirring or shaking. It is used to indicate that a group of people or things experienced a significant internal or external disturbance. It is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'tarassō', meaning 'to trouble' or 'to disturb'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ, ΚΙΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'tarassō' is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or from a root meaning 'to stir' or 'to shake'.

G2980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAL-eh-seh

Translations: he spoke, she spoke, it spoke, he said, she said, it said

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. It is used to describe the action of someone uttering words or communicating verbally. It can refer to speaking in general, or to saying something specific. In the provided examples, it describes someone speaking or saying something in a past context.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΠΟΝ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΛΑΛΕΩ (LALEŌ) is of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of babbling or chattering. It is found in various forms in ancient Greek literature.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G2292

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thar-SEH-ee-teh

Translations: take courage, be of good cheer, be confident, be bold

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to take courage' or 'to be of good cheer'. It is often used as an imperative, commanding someone or a group to be brave or confident in the face of difficulty or fear. It conveys a sense of encouragement and reassurance.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΜΕΩ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΤΟΛΜΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΘΑΡΣΕΩ (tharseō) comes from the root ΘΑΡΣΟΣ (tharsos), meaning 'courage' or 'boldness'. It is related to the idea of being firm or resolute.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-mee

Translations: to be, I am, you are, he is, she is, it is, we are, they are, to exist, to happen, to occur, to come to pass

Notes: This is the Greek verb 'to be', one of the most fundamental verbs in the language. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. It can function as a linking verb, connecting the subject to a predicate noun or adjective, or it can indicate simple existence or occurrence. Its meaning often depends on the context and the case of the noun or pronoun it accompanies.

Inflection: Infinitive or First Person Singular Present Active Indicative. It is a highly irregular verb with many forms for person, number, tense, mood, and voice.

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'eimi' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb found across many Indo-European languages.

G0305

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NEH-bee

Translations: he went up, she went up, it went up, he ascended, she ascended, it ascended, he came up, she came up, it came up, he climbed, she climbed, it climbed

Notes: This word describes the action of going up, ascending, or climbing. It is a past tense form, specifically indicating a completed action in the past. It can be used to describe a person or thing moving upwards, such as ascending a mountain, going up to a city, or rising from a lower place.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G2869

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KO-pa-sen

Translations: ceased, stopped, subsided, calmed down, abated

Notes: This word describes the action of something ceasing, stopping, or subsiding, often referring to natural phenomena like winds, storms, or waves. It implies a calming or abating of intensity. For example, a storm might 'cease' or 'subside'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΥΩ, ΗΣΥΧΑΖΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word κόπος (kopos), meaning 'toil' or 'weariness', implying a cessation from effort or activity.

G3029

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: LEE-ahn

Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, much, extremely

Notes: This word is an adverb that means 'very' or 'exceedingly'. It is used to intensify the meaning of an adjective, another adverb, or a verb, indicating a high degree or extent of something. For example, it can be used to say 'very good' or 'greatly rejoice'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'smoothness' or 'plainness', which then developed into the meaning of 'very' or 'exceedingly'.

G1839

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-IS-tah-toh

Translations: he was amazed, he was astonished, he was beside himself, he was out of his mind, he was astounded

Notes: This word describes a state of being utterly amazed, astonished, or even bewildered to the point of being 'beside oneself' or 'out of one's mind'. It implies a strong emotional reaction to something extraordinary or shocking, causing a person to lose their composure or normal understanding. It is often used to convey a sense of wonder, fear, or mental disorientation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ, ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΟΜΑΙ

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G4920

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EE-kahn

Translations: understood, comprehended, perceived, discerned

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to understand, comprehend, or perceive, often implying a deep or complete understanding. It is formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΙΗΜΙ (to send, to set in motion), literally meaning 'to send together' or 'to bring together in the mind'. It is used to describe the act of grasping the meaning or significance of something, whether it be words, events, or concepts.

Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, however, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a contrast, an exception, or an emphasis. It often translates to 'but' or 'yet' when contrasting two ideas, or 'rather' when correcting a previous statement. It can also be used to add emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is an indeclinable particle.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G4456

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-po-ROH-meh-nee

Translations: hardened, calloused, dull, blinded, a hardened one, a calloused one

Notes: This word describes something that has become hardened or calloused, often referring to a spiritual or mental state rather than a physical one. It implies a dullness of perception or understanding, or a resistance to truth or feeling. It is often used to describe a heart or mind that has become insensitive or unperceptive.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΣΚΛΗΡΥΝΩ, ΤΥΦΛΟΩ

G1276

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-peh-RAH-sahn-tes

Translations: having crossed over, having passed through, having gone across

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διαπεράω', meaning 'to cross over' or 'to pass through'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed, often translated as 'having crossed over' or 'after they had crossed over'. It indicates movement from one side to another, such as crossing a body of water or a region.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΕΡΑΩ

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G3763

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-or-MEE-thay-san

Translations: they were moored, they came to anchor, they put in, they landed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix ΠΡΟΣ- (pros), meaning 'to' or 'toward', and the verb ΟΡΜΙΖΩ (hormizō), meaning 'to moor' or 'to anchor'. Therefore, the word means 'to moor or anchor toward/at a place', or 'to put in' or 'land' a ship. It describes the action of a ship arriving at a destination and securing itself.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΟΡΜΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΩ

G4358

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-or-MEES-thay-san

Translations: they moored, they came to anchor, they landed, they put in

Notes: This word describes the action of a ship or boat coming to shore, mooring, or anchoring. It is a compound word formed from πρός (pros, meaning 'to' or 'towards') and ὁρμίζω (hormizo, meaning 'to moor' or 'to anchor'). It is typically used in the context of maritime travel, indicating that a vessel has reached its destination and secured itself.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΓΓΙΖΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-el-THO-ton

Translations: of having gone out, of having come out, of those who went out, of those who came out

Notes: This word is a participle form of the verb 'exerchomai', meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. As a genitive plural participle, it describes the action of 'going out' or 'coming out' as belonging to multiple subjects. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of an action, such as 'when they had gone out' or 'after they had come out'.

Inflection: Participle, Aorist, Active, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G1921

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-GNO-n-tes

Translations: having known, having recognized, having understood, having learned, having become acquainted with

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'epiginōskō'. It describes an action of coming to know, recognize, or understand something fully or accurately. It implies a deeper, more complete knowledge than simple 'knowing'. It is often used to describe a realization or a full apprehension of a fact or truth.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nen

Translations: that, that one, that woman, that thing

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΕΚΕΙΝΗΝ (EKEINEN). It is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, pointing out 'that' particular noun. It is used to distinguish something from another, often implying distance or a specific reference. In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the accusative case, meaning it would typically be the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G0757

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EER-xan-toh

Translations: they began, they started

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'archomai', meaning 'to begin' or 'to start'. It indicates an action that was initiated in the past by a group of people, often with the sense of taking the lead or being the first to do something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἄρχω (archō, “to be first, to rule”) + -ομαι (-omai, middle voice suffix).

G2895

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: krah-BAK-toys

Translations: to a pallet, to pallets, to a mat, to mats, to a bed, to beds

Notes: This word refers to a small, portable bed, often a pallet or mat, used for sleeping or resting. It is typically a humble and simple sleeping arrangement, not a grand bed. In the New Testament, it is often associated with the sick or infirm who are carried on such a bed.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΛΙΝΗ, ΚΛΙΝΑΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word is of uncertain origin, possibly a loanword from a Semitic language or a colloquial term. It is thought to be a diminutive form, emphasizing its small or humble nature.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-KHON-tas

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being in a certain state, being able, being

Notes: This word is a present active participle, masculine accusative plural, derived from the verb 'ΕΧΩ' (echo), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an ongoing action of possessing, holding, or being in a certain state. In context, it often functions like an adjective or an adverb, modifying a noun or pronoun and indicating that the subject is 'the ones who have' or 'those who are holding'. For example, 'the men having swords' or 'they, being strong'. It can also convey the idea of being able to do something or simply existing in a particular condition.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑΣ

G4064

Part of Speech: Infinitive Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-FEH-rain

Translations: to carry about, to bear about, to lead about, to spread

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about,' and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear.' Therefore, περιφέρειν means 'to carry around' or 'to bear about.' It can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to spread' or 'to circulate,' especially in reference to a name or reputation. It describes the action of moving something or someone from place to place, or the dissemination of information.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΤΑΖΕΙΝ, ΑΓΕΙΝ, ΚΟΜΙΖΕΙΝ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-KOOS-thay

Translations: was heard, it was heard

Notes: This is a verb form indicating that something was heard. It is in the aorist tense, which describes a past action completed at a specific point in time, and in the passive voice, meaning the subject of the verb is the one being acted upon (i.e., it is being heard). It is typically used to describe an event where a sound, message, or prayer was received or perceived.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂kowh₂- 'to hear'.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-eh-por-YOO-eh-toh

Translations: he was entering, he was going in, he was coming in

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'εἰς' (eis, meaning 'into' or 'to') and 'πορεύομαι' (poreuomai, meaning 'to go' or 'to proceed'). It describes the action of going or coming into a place, often implying a continuous or repeated action in the past. It is used to indicate movement into an enclosed space or a specific location.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΜΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek εἰς (eis, 'into, to') and πορεύομαι (poreuomai, 'to go, to proceed'). The latter is derived from πόρος (poros, 'a way, a passage').

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lis

Translations: city, a city, town, a town

Notes: The word 'polis' refers to a city or town, a populated center where people live and gather. In ancient contexts, it often implied a self-governing city-state, but in Koine Greek, it frequently refers simply to any significant urban settlement. It is used to denote the physical location and its inhabitants.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΚΩΜΗ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (to fill) or *pel- (to build, to enclose). It refers to a fortified place or a populated area.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TITH-eh-san

Translations: they were putting, they were placing, they were setting, they were laying, they were adding

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithemi), which means 'to put, place, set, lay'. The imperfect tense indicates continuous or repeated action in the past. Therefore, ΕΤΙΘΕΣΑΝ describes an action that was ongoing or habitually done by 'they' in the past, such as 'they were putting' or 'they used to place'. It can also mean 'they were adding' in certain contexts, as seen in the example usage where it refers to adding to a transgression.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΤΙΘΟΥΝ, ΕΒΑΛΛΟΝ, ΕΘΗΚΑΝ

Etymology: The verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithemi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-, meaning 'to put, place'. It is a common and ancient verb in Greek, with cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G0770

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: as-theh-NOON-tas

Translations: those who are weak, the weak, those who are sick, the sick, those who are ill, the ill

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'astheneo', meaning 'to be weak, sick, or ill'. In this form, it functions as a substantive, referring to people who are in a state of weakness, sickness, or illness. It describes a continuous or ongoing condition of being weak or infirm.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΡΡΩΣΤΟΣ, ΑΣΘΕΝΗΣ

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eh-ka-LOON

Translations: they were calling alongside, they were exhorting, they were comforting, they were appealing to, they were entreating, they were encouraging

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb παρακαλέω (parakaleō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were calling someone to their side,' 'they were exhorting,' 'they were comforting,' 'they were appealing to,' or 'they were encouraging.' It implies a continuous or habitual action of summoning, urging, or consoling.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΣΙΝ

Etymology: The word παρακαλέω is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and καλέω (kaleō), meaning 'to call.' Thus, its core meaning is 'to call to one's side.'

G2579

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: KAHN

Translations: even if, even though, although, if, when, whenever

Notes: ΚΑΝ is a contraction of the conjunction "καὶ" (and) and the particle "ἄν" (an untranslatable particle indicating possibility or condition). It is used to introduce conditional or concessive clauses, often conveying the sense of "even if" or "even though." It can also be used to express a general condition, meaning "whenever" or "if." It is typically followed by a subjunctive verb.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΕΑΝ

Etymology: ΚΑΝ is a contraction of the Koine Greek words "καὶ" (and) and "ἄν" (a particle indicating possibility or condition).

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-soy

Translations: as many as, all who, whoever, how many

Notes: This word functions as a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'all who'. It introduces a relative clause and refers to a quantity or number of people or things. It is used to connect a dependent clause to a main clause, specifying the extent or number of the antecedent.

Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ὅς (hos, 'this, that') and the suffix -σος (-sos), indicating quantity or degree. It is related to other words indicating quantity or extent.

G4982