2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G2112

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: EW-thys

Translations: immediately, straightway, forthwith, at once, directly, straight, right, direct, a straight, a right

Notes: ΕΥΘΥΣ can function as an adverb meaning 'immediately' or 'straightway', indicating something happens without delay. It can also function as an adjective meaning 'straight', 'right', or 'direct', describing a path, a person's character, or a judgment. Its meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Adverb (does not inflect); Adjective (Nominative, Masculine or Feminine, Singular)

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From a primary particle meaning 'straight'. It conveys the idea of directness, either in space (straight line) or time (immediately).

G4404

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PRO-ee

Translations: early, in the morning, morning, a morning

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'early' or 'in the morning'. It can also be used as a noun referring to 'the morning' itself. It describes the time of day, specifically the early hours.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as a noun)

Synonyms: ΟΡΘΡΟΣ, ΠΡΩΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρωί' (prōi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro-, meaning 'forward' or 'before'. It is related to words indicating precedence or an early time.

G4824

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soom-boo-LEE-on

Translations: council, counsel, plan, advice, a council, a plan, an advice

Notes: This word refers to a meeting or assembly for consultation, a council, or the advice or plan that results from such a meeting. It is a compound word formed from σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and βουλή (boulē, meaning 'will' or 'counsel'). It can be used to describe a formal body of people meeting to make decisions or give advice, or the act of taking counsel itself.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΣΥΝΕΔΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΙΟΝ is derived from the verb συμβουλεύω (symbouleuō, 'to consult, advise'), which itself comes from the prefix σύν (syn, 'with, together') and the noun βουλή (boulē, 'will, counsel, plan').

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khi-eh-REIS

Translations: high priests, chief priests

Notes: This word refers to the high priests or chief priests, who were leading figures in the Jewish religious hierarchy, especially during the Second Temple period. It is a compound word formed from 'ΑΡΧΩΝ' (ruler, chief) and 'ΙΕΡΕΥΣ' (priest), literally meaning 'chief priest'. These individuals held significant religious and political authority.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ' is a compound of 'ΑΡΧΩΝ' (archon), meaning 'ruler' or 'chief', and 'ΙΕΡΕΥΣ' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It describes the head or chief among the priests.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1122

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: grah-mah-TEH-ohn

Translations: (of) scribes, (of) a scribe, (of) secretaries, (of) a secretary

Notes: This word refers to a scribe, a secretary, or a public notary. In the context of the New Testament, it often refers to those learned in Jewish law, who were responsible for interpreting and teaching it. They were often associated with the Pharisees and were influential figures in Jewish society. It is a compound word, derived from 'gramma' (writing) and 'teus' (one who does).

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΚΩΝ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΩΝ

G3650

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: HO-lon

Translations: whole, entire, all, complete, a whole, an entire

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'whole' or 'entire'. It describes something as being complete or undivided. It can be used to emphasize the totality of something, such as 'the whole house' or 'all the people'. In the provided examples, it refers to the entirety of a task or a place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΣΥΝΟΛΟΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary word; properly, 'all', 'the whole', 'entire'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4892

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-ED-ree-oh

Translations: council, a council, Sanhedrin, a Sanhedrin, court, a court, assembly, an assembly, session, a session

Notes: This word refers to a council or assembly, often a judicial body. In the New Testament, it most famously refers to the Sanhedrin, the supreme Jewish court. It can also denote any gathering or session of people for deliberation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the noun ΕΔΡΑ (EDRA), meaning 'seat' or 'sitting'. Thus, it literally means 'a sitting together' or 'an assembly'.

G1210

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: DAY-san-tes

Translations: having bound, binding, when they bound, those who bound

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It indicates that the subject of the participle has performed the action of binding.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΔΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'δέω' (deō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to tie' or 'to bind'. It is related to various words across Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EH-doh-kahn

Translations: they delivered, they handed over, they betrayed, they committed, they entrusted

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to hand over', 'to deliver', 'to entrust', or 'to betray'. It describes the action of giving something or someone into the power or care of another. It can be used in various contexts, such as delivering a message, handing over a prisoner, or betraying someone to an enemy.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-kree-THEIS

Translations: having answered, answering, replied, having replied

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'apokrinomai', meaning 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often functioning adverbially to indicate that someone spoke in response to something. It is frequently used in narrative contexts to introduce a character's response.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΠΩΝ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G1905

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ay-roh-TEE-say

Translations: he asked, he questioned, he inquired, he demanded

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'epi' (upon, in addition to) and 'erotao' (to ask). It means to ask a question, to inquire, or to demand information. It often implies asking a specific or direct question, or asking for a decision or opinion. It can also carry the sense of consulting someone or seeking advice. In some contexts, it can mean to demand or request something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ΕΠΕΡΩΤΑΩ is derived from the prefix ΕΠΙ (upon, in addition) and the verb ΕΡΩΤΑΩ (to ask). The prefix intensifies the action of asking or adds a nuance of asking 'upon' or 'in addition to' something.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-KREE-nee

Translations: you answer, you reply, you respond

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It is commonly used in contexts where someone is being questioned and is expected to give a response. It can also imply a decision or judgment in response to a situation.

Inflection: Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΟΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: From APO (from, away from) and KRINO (to judge, to separate). The original sense is to 'separate off' or 'distinguish', which evolved into 'to decide' and then 'to answer' by distinguishing oneself or one's thoughts.

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DEN

Translations: nothing, no one, none, a nothing, not even one, no

Notes: This word means "nothing" or "no one." It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something. It can function as a pronoun, meaning "nothing" or "no one," or as an adjective, meaning "no" or "not even one" when modifying a noun. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, "not") and ΔΕΝ (den, an emphatic particle).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΝ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ (ou), meaning "not," and ΔΕΝ (den), an emphatic particle. It emphasizes a complete negation.

G2396

Part of Speech: Verb, Interjection

Sounds like: EE-deh

Translations: Behold, look, see, lo

Notes: This word is an imperative verb, meaning 'behold!' or 'look!'. It is used to draw attention to something or someone, often at the beginning of a sentence or clause. It functions similarly to the English 'Lo!' or 'See here!'. It can be used to introduce a new topic, emphasize a point, or express surprise.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΙΔΟΥ, ΟΡΑ

Etymology: From the aorist stem of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see'. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of usage.

G2723

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tay-go-ROO-sin

Translations: they accuse, they bring a charge against, they speak against

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to accuse' or 'to bring a charge against'. It is often used in legal or formal contexts where someone is making an accusation against another person. It can also mean 'to speak against' someone in a general sense. This is a compound word formed from κατά (kata, 'down, against') and ἀγορεύω (agoreuō, 'to speak in the assembly').

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΓΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word κατηγορέω (katēgoreō) is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἀγορεύω (agoreuō), meaning 'to speak in the assembly' or 'to declare'. Thus, it literally means 'to speak against' someone in a public or formal setting.

G3765

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OO-keh-tee

Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still

Notes: This word is a compound adverb formed from ΟΥΚ (not) and ΕΤΙ (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It indicates that something that was true or happening previously is no longer the case. For example, if someone 'no longer' does something, it means they used to do it but have stopped.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΚΕΤΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥΚ (not) and the adverb ΕΤΙ (yet, still). Its meaning is derived directly from the combination of these two elements.

G3761

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OO-deh

Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not

Notes: This word is a compound conjunction or adverb meaning 'and not', 'neither', 'nor', or 'not even'. It is used to connect two negative clauses or to emphasize a negation. It often appears in lists to negate multiple items, similar to how 'neither...nor' is used in English. It can also simply mean 'not' when emphasizing a point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΕ, ΜΗΔΕ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and the conjunction ΔΕ (de, 'but, and').

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-KREE-thay

Translations: answered, replied

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It is formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'κρίνω' (krino), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'. In its middle or passive voice, it takes on the meaning of 'to answer back' or 'to reply'. It is commonly used to describe someone giving a verbal response to a question or statement.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive (or Middle), 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΠΟΝ, ΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποκρίνομαι (apokrinomai) is derived from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κρίνω (krino), meaning 'to judge' or 'to separate'. The combination suggests a 'separation by judgment' or 'a decision coming forth', which evolved into the meaning of 'to answer' or 'to reply'.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G2296

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thav-MAH-zayn

Translations: to wonder, to marvel, to be amazed, to admire

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'θαυμάζω'. It means to be filled with wonder, amazement, or admiration. It can be used to express surprise, awe, or a deep sense of respect for something or someone. For example, one might 'wonder at' a great deed or 'marvel at' a beautiful sight.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'θαυμάζω' (thaumazō) comes from 'θαῦμα' (thauma), meaning 'a wonder, a marvel, a sight'. Its origin is likely related to the root 'thea-' meaning 'to see' or 'to gaze at', implying something that causes one to gaze in wonder.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-LY-en

Translations: he was releasing, he was setting free, he was dismissing, he was sending away, he was divorcing

Notes: This is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἀπολύω' (apolyo). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means to release, set free, dismiss, send away, or divorce. In the context of prisoners, it means to release them. It can also refer to dismissing a crowd or sending someone on their way, or in some cases, divorcing a spouse.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G3868

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ay-TOON-toh

Translations: they were asking for, they were begging for, they were excusing themselves, they were refusing, they were rejecting, they were deprecating

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'παραιτέομαι'. It describes an ongoing action in the past. Depending on the context, it can mean 'to ask for, to beg for, to request' (often with the implication of asking for release or a favor), or 'to excuse oneself, to decline, to refuse, to reject' (often to avoid something or to deprecate something). It implies an action directed by the subject towards themselves or another, or an action done for themselves.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside, from, by', and 'αἰτέω' (aitéō), meaning 'to ask, to beg'. The combination suggests asking or begging from someone or for something, or asking to be excused from something.

G3739, G4007

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: ON-per

Translations: which, whom, as, just as, exactly as, in the very way that

Notes: This word is a compound of the relative pronoun ὅν (hon, 'which/whom') and the particle περ (per, 'indeed/very'). It functions as an emphatic relative pronoun or conjunction, meaning 'exactly which,' 'just as,' or 'in the very way that.' It emphasizes the preceding relative pronoun or adverb, highlighting the precise manner or identity. It is often used to introduce a clause that specifies a comparison or a particular instance.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the accusative masculine singular of the relative pronoun ὅς (hos), meaning 'who, which,' and the enclitic particle περ (per), which adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed, very.'

G2212

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-TOON-toh

Translations: they were seeking, they were asking, they were demanding, they were requesting

Notes: This word is the third person plural, imperfect indicative, middle or passive voice of the verb ZHTEO (zēteō), meaning 'to seek,' 'to ask,' 'to demand,' or 'to request.' It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that 'they' were in the process of seeking or asking for something.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΕΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ΕΚΖΗΤΕΩ

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-noss

Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, called, named, the one being said, the one being called

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes something or someone that is being said, spoken about, or called. It often functions as an adjective meaning 'called' or 'named', or as a noun referring to 'the one being called' or 'the one being spoken of'. It can be used to introduce a common name or a description of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G1210

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: deh-DEH-meh-nos

Translations: bound, tied, imprisoned, a bound one, a prisoner

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has been bound or tied. It can function adjectivally, meaning 'bound' or 'tied', or substantively, referring to 'one who is bound' or 'a prisoner'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΣ

Etymology: The verb 'δέω' (deō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to tie' or 'to bind'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G4714

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STA-see

Translations: a standing, a stand, a position, a place, a sedition, a rebellion, a dissension, a division, a party, a halt, a delay, a station, a state, a condition

Notes: This word refers to the act of standing, a position, or a place where one stands. It can also denote a halt or a delay. In a more abstract sense, it can refer to a state or condition. Furthermore, it often carries the meaning of a 'standing up' in opposition, leading to translations like 'sedition,' 'rebellion,' 'dissension,' or a 'party' formed by such division. The specific meaning depends on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΤΑΣΙΣ, ΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ΣΤΑΣΙΑΣΜΟΣ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-poy-EE-kay-san

Translations: they had made, they had done, they had produced, they had performed

Notes: This is a form of the verb 'poieō', meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. This specific form indicates an action that was completed in the past and whose results were still relevant at a later point in the past. It is used to describe what 'they' (a group of people) had done or made.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (to build, make). In Koine Greek, it developed from earlier forms of the verb 'poieō'.

G0305

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-BAS

Translations: having gone up, having ascended, having come up

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anabainō', meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun. It indicates someone or something that has completed the action of going up, ascending, or coming up. For example, it could describe 'the one who went up' or 'he having ascended'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΛΘΩΝ, ΑΝΑΣΤΑΣ

G0343

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-boh-AY-sas

Translations: having cried out, having shouted, having exclaimed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anaboaō', meaning 'to cry out' or 'to shout aloud'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that someone has performed the act of crying out or shouting. It is often used to describe a sudden, loud vocalization, perhaps due to surprise, pain, or to get attention.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΑΩ, ΚΡΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΝΑΒΟΑΩ (anaboaō) is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and βοάω (boaō), meaning 'to cry out' or 'to shout'. The prefix intensifies the action of shouting.

G3793

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OKH-los

Translations: crowd, multitude, throng, mob, a crowd, a multitude

Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, often an unorganized or disorderly group. It can denote a general multitude or a specific crowd, such as a mob. It is commonly used in the New Testament to describe the large groups of people who followed Jesus.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be derived from a root meaning 'to move' or 'to stir up', suggesting a restless or agitated mass of people.

G0756

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EER-xah-toh

Translations: began, started, commenced

Notes: This is the aorist middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'archomai' (to begin). It signifies an action that began in the past, often used to introduce the start of an event or a series of actions. It can also mean 'to rule' or 'to be first', but in this form, it almost exclusively means 'to begin'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'archē' (ἀρχή), meaning 'beginning' or 'rule'.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POY-ay

Translations: was doing, was making, did, made, used to do, used to make

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It describes an action that was ongoing or habitual in the past. It can refer to the creation of something, the performance of an action, or the causing of an effect. For example, it could mean 'he was making' a house, or 'he was doing' good deeds.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LOO-soh

Translations: I will release, I will send away, I will dismiss, I will divorce, I will set free

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to release' or 'to send away'. It is used to describe the act of letting someone or something go, whether physically, legally (as in divorce), or by granting freedom. It can also mean to dismiss a crowd or to forgive sins.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΛΥΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΛΥΩ (LYO), meaning 'to loose', 'to untie', or 'to release'. Thus, it literally means 'to loose from' or 'to send away from'.

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eg-NOH-kay

Translations: had known, had recognized, had understood, had perceived, had learned, had come to know

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. 'ΕΓΝΩΚΕΙ' specifically indicates an action that was completed in the past before another past action. It describes a state of having known or having come to a realization at a point in the past. For example, 'he had known' or 'she had understood'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Pluperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The root verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to know'. It is related to English words like 'know' and 'cognition'.

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-gee-NOH-skeh

Translations: he was knowing, she was knowing, it was knowing, he knew, she knew, it knew, he was learning, she was learning, it was learning, he learned, she learned, it learned, he was perceiving, she was perceiving, it was perceiving, he perceived, she perceived, it perceived

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'he/she/it was knowing' or 'he/she/it knew' in a continuous sense. It can also imply learning, understanding, or perceiving something over a period of time.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-de-DOH-kee-san

Translations: they had delivered up, they had handed over, they had betrayed

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to deliver over', 'to hand over', or 'to betray'. It is formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. In this form, it describes an action that was completed in the past before another past action, indicating that a group of people had delivered someone or something over.

Inflection: Pluperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΡΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G0380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-SEI-sahn

Translations: they shook, they stirred up, they agitated, they incited

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'anaseio'. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people, meaning they shook, stirred up, or incited something or someone. It often implies causing commotion or disturbance.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΕΙΩ, ΚΙΝΕΩ, ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word 'anaseio' is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'ana-' (meaning 'up' or 'again') and the verb 'seio' (meaning 'to shake' or 'to move to and fro').

G3793

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OKH-lon

Translations: crowd, multitude, a crowd, a multitude, mob, a mob

Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, a crowd, or a multitude. It can also carry the negative connotation of a mob or a disorderly throng. It is often used in the New Testament to describe the large groups of people who followed Jesus or gathered to hear his teachings. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb, such as 'to teach a crowd' or 'a crowd upon me'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: The etymology of ΟΧΛΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a word meaning 'to move' or 'to stir', suggesting a moving or agitated mass of people.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G2896

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-RAX-an

Translations: they cried out, they shouted, they screamed, they proclaimed

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'κράζω' (krazō), meaning 'to cry out' or 'to shout'. It describes an action that happened in the past, completed at a specific point, and performed by a group of people ('they'). It often implies a loud, urgent, or intense vocalization, whether in distress, excitement, or to make a proclamation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΟΑΩ, ΚΕΚΡΑΓΑ

Etymology: The verb 'κράζω' (krazō) is of imitative origin, mimicking the sound of a cry or shriek. It is related to the English word 'caw' and similar onomatopoeic words across various languages.

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KAH-ko

Translations: bad, evil, worthless, harmful, wicked, a bad thing, evil, harm, mischief

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'bad,' 'evil,' 'worthless,' or 'harmful.' It describes something that is morally corrupt, of poor quality, or causes damage. It can also be used as a noun, referring to 'evil' itself, 'harm,' or 'mischief.' It is often used in contrast to 'good' (ἀγαθόν).

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΚΑΚΟ' comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'bad' or 'evil.' It is a fundamental term in Greek for describing negative qualities or actions.

G4057

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: peh-ris-SOHSS

Translations: exceedingly, abundantly, much, greatly, beyond measure, extremely

Notes: This word is an adverb used to emphasize the degree or intensity of an action or quality. It indicates something is done or exists to an exceptional or extraordinary extent, often translated as 'exceedingly' or 'abundantly'. It can be used to describe how much something is done or how strong a quality is.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΕΚΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΥ, ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΛΙΑΝ

Etymology: The word "ΠΕΡΙΣΣΩΣ" is derived from the adjective "ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΣ" (perissos), meaning 'exceeding, abundant, superfluous'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G0630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-LY-sen

Translations: he released, he sent away, he dismissed, he let go, he set free, he divorced

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'apolyo'. It describes an action that was completed in the past. It means to release, send away, dismiss, or set free. In some contexts, it can also mean to divorce or to pardon. It is used to describe someone performing an action of letting go or sending off another person or thing.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-reh-DOH-keh

Translations: he delivered, he handed over, he betrayed, he committed, he entrusted

Notes: This word means to hand over, deliver, or transmit something or someone. It can be used in various contexts, such as delivering a person into custody, handing over an object, or transmitting traditions or teachings. It can also carry the negative connotation of betraying someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (didomi), meaning 'to give.' Thus, it literally means 'to give alongside' or 'to hand over.'

G4762

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: stre-FTHAY

Translations: it was turned, it was turned around, it was converted, it was changed

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for a form of the verb 'στρέφω' (strephō), which means 'to turn', 'to turn around', 'to convert', or 'to change'. The ending 'θη' suggests a passive voice, aorist tense, and third person singular form, indicating that 'it was turned' or 'it was converted'. It describes an action that happened in the past to a subject, where the subject itself was acted upon rather than performing the action.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: From a primary verb meaning 'to turn'.

G0520

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-ay-GAH-gon

Translations: they led away, they brought, they took away

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'apagō' (ἀπάγω). It means 'to lead away,' 'to bring,' or 'to take away.' It describes the action of moving someone or something from one place to another, often implying a forceful or official removal, such as leading a prisoner away or bringing someone before an authority. It is a compound verb formed from 'apo' (away from) and 'agō' (to lead).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G0833

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ow-LEES

Translations: of a court, of a courtyard, of a sheepfold, of a palace, of a house

Notes: This word refers to an open space, typically a courtyard or an enclosed area. It can denote the courtyard of a house, a palace, or even a sheepfold. In a broader sense, it can refer to the entire house or dwelling, especially one with a prominent courtyard. It is used to describe a specific area, often central to a building or property.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑΣ, ΟΙΚΟΥ, ΑΥΛΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb αὔω (auō), meaning 'to blow' or 'to breathe', referring to an open space exposed to the air. It originally referred to a place where one could sleep outdoors, then an enclosed space like a courtyard.

G4232

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PRAI-toh-ri-on

Translations: Praetorium, palace, governor's headquarters, barracks, a Praetorium, a palace, a governor's headquarters, a barracks

Notes: This word refers to the official residence of a Roman governor or military commander. It could also denote the headquarters of a Roman army camp, or even the barracks of the Praetorian Guard in Rome. In the New Testament, it often refers to the palace or official residence of Pontius Pilate in Jerusalem.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ, ΟΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a transliteration of the Latin 'praetorium', which originally referred to the tent of a Roman general (praetor) in a camp. Over time, it came to mean the official residence of a governor or military commander.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G4687

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: SPAY-ran

Translations: to sow, to scatter seed, to plant

Notes: This word refers to the act of sowing seeds, scattering them over the ground for growth. It can also be used more broadly to mean to scatter or to plant. In the provided examples, it appears in various past tense forms, indicating actions of 'sowing' that have already occurred or are conditional.

Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative (3rd Person Plural) or Aorist Active Participle (Accusative Singular Feminine or Neuter, or Accusative Plural Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter)

Synonyms: ΦΥΤΕΥΩ, ΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: From an unconfirmed root, possibly related to the idea of 'scattering' or 'spreading'.

G4060

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-TEE-thay-ah-sin

Translations: they put around, they place around, they put on, they place on

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. Therefore, it means 'to put around' or 'to place around'. It is used to describe the action of encircling something or placing something upon or around another object, such as clothing, a crown, or a fence.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΝΔΥΩ

G0017

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-KAN-thee-noh

Translations: thorny, of thorns, made of thorns

Notes: This adjective describes something as being made of thorns or having a thorny nature. It is typically used to describe objects or materials that are composed of or associated with thorns, such as a crown of thorns.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: The word ΑΚΑΝΘΑ (akantha) is derived from the Greek word for 'thorn' or 'prickle', which itself comes from a root meaning 'sharp' or 'pointed'. The suffix -ΙΝΟ indicates material or composition, thus 'made of thorns'.

G0757

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EER-xan-toh

Translations: they began, they started

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'archomai', meaning 'to begin' or 'to start'. It indicates an action that was initiated in the past by a group of people, often with the sense of taking the lead or being the first to do something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἄρχω (archō, “to be first, to rule”) + -ομαι (-omai, middle voice suffix).

G2563

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ka-la-MOH

Translations: (to) a reed, (to) a stalk, (to) a cane, (to) a measuring rod, (to) a pen

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΚΑΛΑΜΟΣ' (kalamos), meaning 'reed', 'stalk', 'cane', 'measuring rod', or 'pen'. It indicates the indirect object of an action, signifying 'to' or 'for' a reed/stalk/etc. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'he wrote with a reed' (where 'with a reed' implies 'to/for a reed' in the Greek dative case). It can refer to a plant, a tool for measurement, or an instrument for writing.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΟΣ, ΡΑΒΔΟΣ, ΞΥΛΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'ΚΑΛΑΜΟΣ' is of Semitic origin, likely borrowed into Greek from a word related to 'qaneh' in Hebrew, meaning 'reed' or 'stalk'. It refers to the hollow stem of a plant, particularly a reed or cane.

G1716

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EP-too-on

Translations: they spit, they were spitting, they did spit

Notes: This word describes the act of spitting. It is used to convey an action of contempt, scorn, or mockery. In ancient contexts, spitting on someone was a grave insult and a sign of extreme disrespect. It is typically used in narratives to describe a group of people performing this action.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Etymology: From G1722 (EN) meaning 'in' or 'on' and G4429 (PTUO) meaning 'to spit'. The word literally means 'to spit upon' or 'to spit into'.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: tee-THEN-tes

Translations: placing, putting, setting, laying, those who place, those who put, those who set, those who lay

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place, put, set, or lay'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally or adverbially. It often translates as 'placing' or 'those who place', indicating the ones performing the action of putting or setting something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΟΝΤΕΣ, ΙΣΤΑΝΤΕΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G4352

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eh-ky-NOO-oon

Translations: they were worshiping, they were bowing down, they were prostrating themselves

Notes: This word describes the act of showing reverence or homage, typically by bowing down, prostrating oneself, or kissing the ground. It can refer to worshiping God or showing respect to a king or a person of authority. In the provided context, it describes people bowing down to someone, likely a king, as a sign of respect or obedience.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ, ΤΙΜΑΩ

Etymology: The word προσκυνέω (proskyneō) is a compound word formed from πρός (pros), meaning 'towards' or 'in the direction of', and κυνέω (kyneō), meaning 'to kiss'. Thus, it literally means 'to kiss towards' or 'to kiss the ground towards someone', signifying an act of reverence or submission.

G3753

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-teh

Translations: when, whenever, at which time

Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.

G1562

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EH-doo-san

Translations: they stripped off, they took off, they divested, they undressed

Notes: This word is the 3rd person plural, Aorist Active Indicative form of the verb 'εκδύω' (ekdyo). It means 'to strip off', 'to take off', 'to divest', or 'to undress' someone or something. It describes the action of removing clothing or possessions from another person or from oneself. It is often used in contexts where someone is deprived of their garments or belongings.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΥΩ, ΓΥΜΝΟΩ

G1746

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EH-doo-san

Translations: they put on, they clothed, they dressed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to put on,' 'to clothe,' or 'to dress.' It describes the action of someone putting on garments or being clothed. It is often used in the context of dressing oneself or others, or metaphorically, of taking on a certain characteristic or quality.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΜΦΙΕΝΝΥΜΙ, ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΔΥΩ (endyō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'on,' and the verb ΔΥΩ (dyō), meaning 'to enter,' 'to sink,' or 'to put on.' Thus, it literally means 'to put oneself into' or 'to put on.'

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: EE-dee-ah

Translations: one's own, private, peculiar, personal, individually, privately, separately, apart

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'one's own,' 'private,' or 'peculiar,' referring to something belonging to a specific person or group. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'privately,' 'separately,' or 'individually.' As an adjective, it agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. As an adverb, it describes how an action is performed.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular; Feminine, Accusative, Plural; Neuter, Nominative, Plural; Neuter, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ, ΜΟΝΟΣ, ΞΕΧΩΡΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *swe- (reflexive pronoun), meaning 'self.' It developed in Greek to refer to what is 'one's own' or 'private.'

G2440

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-MA-tee-ah

Translations: garments, clothes, raiment

Notes: This word refers to clothing in general, specifically outer garments or cloaks. It is commonly used to denote the attire worn by people. In ancient contexts, it could refer to a single piece of clothing that served as both a cloak and a blanket.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΜΑΤΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἱμάτιον (himátion) is a diminutive of ἱμάς (himás), meaning 'leather strap' or 'thong', which later came to refer to a garment. It is related to the verb ἵημι (híēmi), 'to send, throw', possibly referring to something thrown over the body.

G1806

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-AH-goo-sin

Translations: they lead out, they bring out, they cast out, they drive out, they lead forth, they bring forth

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Therefore, it means 'to lead out' or 'to bring out'. It describes the action of guiding or moving someone or something from an interior space to an exterior one, or from one state to another. It can also imply expulsion or removal.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΓΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΠΡΟΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἐξάγω (exago) is a compound of the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. The root ἄγω comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, draw, move'.

G0029

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eng-gar-YOO-sin

Translations: they compel, they impress, they force into service

Notes: This word describes the act of compelling someone to perform a service, often under duress or by authority, such as forcing someone to carry a burden or act as a guide. It implies an involuntary service, often associated with the practice of impressment in ancient times.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ, ΒΙΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Persian 'angaros' (a royal courier), which was adopted into Greek. It refers to the system of forced service or impressment, particularly for postal or transport duties, common in the Persian Empire and later adopted by others.

G3855

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-GON-tah

Translations: passing by, going by, a passerby, one passing by

Notes: This word is the accusative singular masculine or neuter form of the present active participle of the verb 'παράγω' (parago), meaning 'to pass by' or 'to go along'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of passing by or moving alongside. In the provided context, it refers to a person who is passing by.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΔΕΥΩΝ, ΠΑΡΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, off, out of, by, with

Notes: This is a common Greek preposition that indicates separation, origin, or cause. It means 'from' or 'away from' and is often used to show the source of something, the point from which an action begins, or the agent by which something is done. When used as a prefix (ΑΠ- or ΑΠΟ-), it intensifies the idea of separation or completion, often meaning 'off, away, back, completely'. For example, in 'ἀποστέλλω' (apostellō), it means 'to send away'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἀπό (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'. It is a very ancient and common preposition found across many Indo-European languages.

G223

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-droo

Translations: of Alexander

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Alexander'. It refers to a person named Alexander, most notably Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king who conquered a vast empire. In ancient Greek texts, it is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to Alexander' or 'from Alexander'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Alexander' is of Greek origin, derived from the words 'alexo' (to defend, help) and 'aner' (man). It means 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'.

G5342

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FAIR-oo-sin

Translations: they bear, they carry, they bring, they lead, they endure

Notes: This is a common Koine Greek verb meaning 'to bear,' 'to carry,' 'to bring,' 'to lead,' or 'to endure.' It is used to describe the action of moving something from one place to another, or to signify the act of sustaining or tolerating something. The form ΦΕΡΟΥΣΙΝ specifically indicates an action performed by 'they' (a group of people or things) in the present tense. While the user inquired about a potential future tense, this form is definitively present indicative active.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G3754

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-per

Translations: the very thing which, which, whatsoever, as, just as

Notes: ΟΠΕΡ is an intensive relative pronoun, meaning 'the very thing which' or 'whatsoever'. It is used to emphasize the preceding noun or idea, often functioning as a stronger form of 'which' or 'what'. It can introduce a clause that specifies or elaborates on something already mentioned, or it can indicate a cause or reason.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: Ο, ΟΣ, ΟΣΠΕΡ

Etymology: ΟΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'who, which, what', and the enclitic particle περ (per), which adds emphasis or intensity, often translated as 'just, even, indeed'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tee

Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists, it exists, it is possible

Notes: This word is a common form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It can be used to link a subject to a predicate, or to simply state that something exists.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The root verb ΕΙΜΙ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G3177

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: meth-er-may-NEH-oo-meh-non

Translations: being translated, which means, interpreted, being interpreted

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being translated' or 'being interpreted'. It is often used to introduce an explanation or definition of a preceding word or phrase, indicating that the word or phrase is being explained or given its meaning in another language or in simpler terms. It is a compound word formed from μετά (with, after), ἑρμηνεύω (to interpret, translate), and the passive participle ending.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΔΗΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ

G2898

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kra-NEE-oo

Translations: of a skull, of the skull, skull, a skull

Notes: ΚΡΑΝΙΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the noun ΚΡΑΝΙΟΝ, which means 'skull' or 'cranium'. It refers to the bony framework of the head. As a genitive case, it often indicates possession or origin, so it translates as 'of a skull' or 'of the skull'. In the provided context, it is used to describe a place, 'the place of a skull', which is also known as Golgotha.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: The word ΚΡΑΝΙΟΝ comes from the Greek word κρανίον (kranion), which is related to κράνος (kranos), meaning 'helmet'. It refers to the part of the head that covers the brain.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DIH-doon

Translations: they were giving, they gave, he was giving, he gave, she was giving, she gave

Notes: This word is an imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'didomi', meaning 'to give'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was attempted or in progress. Depending on the context, it can be translated as 'they were giving' (plural subject) or 'he/she was giving' (singular subject, if the context implies a singular subject despite the plural ending, which can happen with certain verbs or constructions). It implies a continuous or habitual action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΔΩΡΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to give'. It is related to other words across various Indo-European languages that share the concept of giving.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-lah-ben

Translations: he took, she took, it took, he received, she received, it received, he got, she got, it got

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to get.' It describes a completed action in the past performed by a single subject (he, she, or it). For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He took the book' or 'She received the gift.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G4717

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: stow-ROH-san-tes

Translations: crucifying, having crucified, they crucified

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to crucify'. It describes an action of crucifying that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify another part of the sentence. It indicates that the subject of the participle is the one who performed the act of crucifying.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΠΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΝΑΚΡΕΜΑΝΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: From σταυρός (stauros), meaning 'cross' or 'stake'. The verb σταυρόω means 'to crucify' or 'to fix on a cross'.

G1266

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-meh-ree-ZOH-tai

Translations: they divide, they are divided, he divides, he is divided, it divides, it is divided

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'diamerizo', meaning 'to divide thoroughly' or 'to distribute'. It can describe the action of people dividing something among themselves, or something being divided. The ending '-tai' suggests a passive voice or a middle voice, indicating that the subject is being divided or is dividing for itself.

Inflection: Third Person Singular or Third Person Plural, Present Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΙΡΕΩ

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO

Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.

Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').

G0906

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: BAL-lon-tes

Translations: throwing, casting, putting, laying, those throwing, while throwing

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'βάλλω' (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or simultaneous with another action. It can be translated as 'throwing' or 'those who are throwing', depending on the context. For example, it might describe people who are in the act of throwing something.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G5610

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-rah

Translations: hour, an hour, time, season, moment

Notes: This word refers to a specific period of time, which can be an hour, a particular time of day, a season, or a crucial moment. It is often used to denote a fixed or appointed time, such as 'the hour has come' for an event to occur. It can also refer to a specific season of the year.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'year, season'. It refers to a limited period of time, a season, or a specific hour.

G4717

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-tow-ROH-san

Translations: they crucified, they did crucify

Notes: This word describes the action of crucifying someone, specifically in the past tense by a group of people. It refers to the act of putting someone to death by nailing or binding them to a cross. It is a compound word, derived from 'σταυρός' (STAUROS), meaning 'cross', and the verbal ending '-όω' (-OO), indicating the action of making or doing something with a cross.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΠΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΝΑΚΡΕΜΑΝΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The root word ΣΤΑΥΡΟΩ (STAUROO) is derived from the noun ΣΤΑΥΡΟΣ (STAUROS), meaning 'cross' or 'stake'. The verb literally means 'to fix to a cross' or 'to impale'.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G4717

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: stow-ROO-sin

Translations: they crucify, they are crucifying, they impale, they are impaling

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to crucify' or 'to impale'. It describes the action of putting someone to death by fastening them to a cross or stake. It is used in the third person plural, indicating that 'they' are performing the action. It can be used in sentences like 'They crucify him' or 'They are impaling them'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΠΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΝΑΚΡΕΜΑΝΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΑΥΡΟΩ (stauroō) is derived from the noun ΣΤΑΥΡΟΣ (stauros), meaning 'cross' or 'stake'. It refers to the act of affixing someone to a stauros.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G2176

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: yoo-OH-noo-moh

Translations: left, left hand, left side, (on) the left, (on) the left hand, (on) the left side, (to) the left, (to) the left hand, (to) the left side

Notes: This word describes something located on the left side or pertaining to the left hand. It is often used in a spatial sense to indicate direction or position. In ancient Greek, the left side was sometimes associated with ill omens, but in the New Testament, it primarily functions as a directional indicator, often contrasted with the right side.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΙΣΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΩΝΥΜΟΣ (euōnymos) is a compound word derived from ΕΥ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ΟΝΟΜΑ (onoma), meaning 'name'. Literally, it means 'well-named' or 'of good name'. This euphemistic term was used to refer to the left side, possibly to avoid directly naming it due to ancient superstitions associating the left with bad luck or ill omens.

G987

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-BLAS-fay-moo-N

Translations: they were blaspheming, they were slandering, they were reviling

Notes: This word describes the action of speaking impiously or disrespectfully, often against God or sacred things. It can also refer to slandering or reviling others. In the imperfect tense, it indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were blaspheming' or 'they kept on blaspheming'.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΥΒΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΒΛΑΣΦΗΜΕΩ (blasphemeo) is derived from the Greek words βλάπτω (blaptō, meaning 'to injure' or 'to harm') and φήμη (phēmē, meaning 'a report' or 'a saying'). Thus, it literally means 'to speak injuriously' or 'to utter harmful words'.

G2758

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-NOO-neh-tes

Translations: emptying, making void, abasing, humbling, making of no reputation

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'κενόω' (kenoō). It describes the action of emptying something, making it void, or abasing/humbling someone or something. It can be used to describe an ongoing action or state of being empty or humbled.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΚΕΝΟΩ, ΕΚΚΕΝΟΥΜΑΙ

Etymology: From κενός (kenos), meaning 'empty'. The verb κενόω means 'to empty' or 'to make empty'.

G3759, G3758

Part of Speech: Interjection, Proper Noun

Sounds like: OO-ah

Translations: woe, alas, O, Oa, Boa, Zathoua, Lachia, Tobia, Nekoda

Notes: This word can function as an interjection expressing lamentation or sorrow, often translated as 'woe' or 'alas'. It can also be a vocative particle, similar to 'O' in English, used to address someone or something. In the provided context, 'ΟΥΑ' appears to be part of several proper nouns, likely transliterations of Hebrew names, such as 'Zathoua', 'Boua' (Boa), 'Lachea', 'Tobeia', and 'Nekoda'. This highlights its versatility and the importance of context in determining its meaning.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an interjection); functions as part of proper nouns.

Synonyms: ΟΙΜΟΙ, ΦΕΥ

Etymology: The interjection 'ουα' (oua) is of imitative origin, mimicking a cry of pain or distress. As part of proper nouns, it is a transliteration of Hebrew names, and its etymology is tied to the Hebrew roots of those specific names.

G2647

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-LOO-ohn

Translations: destroying, pulling down, overthrowing, lodging, staying, abolishing, dissolving, putting an end to, a destroyer, one who pulls down

Notes: This word describes the action of bringing something down, whether literally like a building or tent, or figuratively like a law or custom. It can also mean to lodge or stay overnight, especially in the context of a journey. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is performing the action of destroying, pulling down, or lodging.

Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ, ΛΥΩ

Etymology: From κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and λύω (lyō), meaning 'to loose' or 'to release'. The compound verb thus means 'to loose down' or 'to pull down'.

G3618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MON

Translations: building, constructing, edifying, a builder, one who builds

Notes: This word describes the act of building or constructing something, typically a house or a city. It can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to edify' or 'to build up' someone spiritually or morally. In the provided context, it refers to those who are literally building or constructing.

Inflection: Present Participle, Nominative or Genitive, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ is a compound word derived from ΟΙΚΟΣ (OIKOS), meaning 'house', and ΔΕΜΩ (DEMO), meaning 'to build'. Thus, it literally means 'to build a house'.

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: SOH-son

Translations: save, deliver, make whole, preserve, heal

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to save' or 'to deliver'. It is often used in a plea or command, asking someone to provide salvation, rescue, or healing. It can refer to physical deliverance from danger or illness, or spiritual salvation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ

Etymology: From an assumed primary verb of uncertain affinity. It is related to the concept of safety and soundness.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4716

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: stow-ROO

Translations: (of) a cross, (of) the cross, (of) a stake, (of) the stake

Notes: This word refers to an upright stake, pole, or a cross, often used for crucifixion. In the New Testament, it primarily denotes the instrument of Jesus' crucifixion, symbolizing his death and the Christian faith. It can also refer to the act of crucifixion itself or metaphorically to the suffering and self-denial required of a follower of Christ.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΞΥΛΟΝ, ΠΑΣΣΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. The noun refers to something that stands upright, hence a stake or pole.

G1702

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: em-PAI-zo-tes

Translations: mocking, making sport of, ridiculing, deriding, scoffing at

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb ΕΜΠΑΙΖΩ (empaizō). It describes an action of mocking, ridiculing, or making sport of someone or something. The verb itself is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and the verb ΠΑΙΖΩ (paizō), meaning 'to play' or 'to sport'. Thus, it literally means 'to play with' or 'to make sport of' someone, often in a contemptuous or abusive way. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing the subject performing the action of mocking.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative Case, Masculine or Neuter Gender, Plural Number

Synonyms: ΧΛΕΥΑΖΩ, ΜΥΚΤΗΡΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΕΛΑΩ

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-leh-gon

Translations: they were saying, they said, they were telling, they told

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (LEGO). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were saying' or 'they used to say'. It can also simply indicate a past action, 'they said' or 'they told'. It is commonly used to report speech or actions of a group of people in a narrative.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (LEGO) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out, count, tell'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', often implying a deliberate or reasoned utterance.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: AL-looss

Translations: others, other ones, different ones, of another, of someone else, of something else

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective/pronoun 'allos', meaning 'other' or 'another'. In the form 'allous', it can function as the masculine accusative plural, referring to 'other people' or 'other things' as direct objects. It can also be the genitive singular masculine or neuter, meaning 'of another' or 'of someone/something else', indicating possession or origin. Additionally, it could be the genitive singular feminine, meaning 'of another (female person or thing)'. Its meaning depends on the grammatical context.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine OR Genitive, Singular, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-oh-sen

Translations: he saved, she saved, it saved, he delivered, she delivered, it delivered, he preserved, she preserved, it preserved, he healed, she healed, it healed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'σῴζω' (sōzō), meaning 'to save,' 'to deliver,' 'to preserve,' or 'to heal.' It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that 'he,' 'she,' or 'it' performed the act of saving or delivering.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ

G5547

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: khree-STOS

Translations: Christ, the Anointed One, the Messiah

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ (CHRISTOS). It refers to Christ, the Anointed One, or the Messiah. It is primarily used as a title for Jesus, indicating his role as the divinely appointed deliverer.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb χρίω (chrio), meaning 'to anoint'. It refers to someone who has been consecrated or set apart by anointing, a practice common in ancient Israel for kings, priests, and prophets.

G2597

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-BAH-toh

Translations: let him go down, let him come down, may he go down, may he come down, descend

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to go down' or 'to come down'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. It is often used in contexts where someone or something is moving from a higher place to a lower one.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present, Imperative or Subjunctive, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΒΗΝ

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pis-TEV-so-men

Translations: let us believe, we may believe, we should believe, we might believe

Notes: This word means 'to believe' or 'to trust'. It is a verb form that expresses a hortatory subjunctive, which is used to encourage or urge a group (in this case, 'us') to perform an action. Therefore, it translates to 'let us believe' or 'we should believe'. It can be used in sentences where a speaker is proposing an action for a group to undertake.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑΜΕΝ, ΕΛΠΙΖΟΜΕΝ

G4871

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-es-tow-RO-meh-noy

Translations: crucified with, having been crucified with, fellow crucified ones

Notes: This word describes someone who has been crucified together with another. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'σταυρόω' (to crucify). It is used to refer to those who share the experience of crucifixion with someone else, often metaphorically in a spiritual sense of dying to sin with Christ.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΣΤΑΥΡΟΩ (STAUROO), meaning 'to crucify'. ΣΤΑΥΡΟΩ is derived from ΣΤΑΥΡΟΣ (STAUROS), meaning 'cross' or 'stake'.

G3679

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-nay-DI-zohn

Translations: they were reproaching, they were reviling, they were insulting, they were scoffing at, they were shaming, they were disgracing

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ΟΝΕΙΔΙΖΩ'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means to reproach, revile, insult, scoff at, shame, or disgrace someone. It implies a strong verbal attack or criticism, often with the intent to humiliate or bring dishonor.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΖΩ, ΛΟΙΔΟΡΕΩ, ΚΑΚΟΛΟΓΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ΟΝΕΙΔΙΖΩ comes from the noun ΟΝΕΙΔΟΣ (oneidos), meaning 'reproach' or 'disgrace'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EF

Translations: upon, on, over, to, against, at, by, for, in, among, with, toward, concerning, because of

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), which means 'upon' or 'on'. The final vowel of ΕΠΙ is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'upon, on, over, during'; with the dative, it means 'on, at, by, for, in addition to'; and with the accusative, it means 'on, to, against, over, toward'. It is a very common and versatile preposition.

Inflection: Does not inflect (elided form of a preposition)

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G0994

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-BO-eh-sen

Translations: he cried out, he shouted, he screamed, he called out

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'βοάω' (boao), meaning 'to cry out' or 'to shout'. It describes a past action where a single individual made a loud vocal sound, often expressing strong emotion, a command, or a call for attention. It can be used in various contexts where someone raises their voice significantly.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΖΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ, ΑΝΑΚΡΑΖΩ

G5456

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foh-NAY

Translations: voice, sound, noise, a voice, a sound, a noise

Notes: This word refers to a voice, a sound, or a noise. It is commonly used to describe the sound produced by living beings, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal, but can also refer to inanimate sounds like thunder or the sound of a trumpet. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to speak, tell, say). Cognate with Latin fari (to speak) and English ban.

G4518

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sah-bahk-TAH-nei

Translations: you have forsaken, you have abandoned

Notes: This word is a transliteration of an Aramaic verb into Greek, meaning 'you have forsaken' or 'you have abandoned'. It is most famously known from the cry of Jesus on the cross, 'Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani?' (My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?). It describes the act of leaving someone or something behind, often with a sense of abandonment or neglect.

Inflection: Second Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Aramaic verb 'šabaq' (שְׁבַק), meaning 'to leave, forsake, permit'. The ending '-tani' indicates the second person singular perfect tense with a first person singular object suffix.

G4518

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sah-bakh-THAH-nei

Translations: you have forsaken, you abandoned

Notes: This word is a transliteration of an Aramaic verb, meaning 'you have forsaken' or 'you have abandoned'. It is famously quoted by Jesus on the cross in the Gospels, as part of the phrase 'My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?' It is used to express a feeling of abandonment or being left alone.

Inflection: Second Person Singular, Perfect Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Aramaic verb 'šəḇaqtani' (שְׁבַקְתַּנִי), meaning 'you have forsaken me'. It is a compound of the verb 'šəḇaq' (to leave, abandon) and the second person singular suffix '-tani' (you me).

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G1459

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eng-ka-teh-LI-pes

Translations: you forsook, you abandoned, you left behind, you deserted

Notes: This word means to forsake, abandon, desert, or leave behind. It implies a complete giving up or leaving of someone or something, often with a sense of neglect or betrayal. It is used to describe situations where one is left alone or deprived of support.

Inflection: Second Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΑΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ

Etymology: The word εγκαταλείπω (egkataleipo) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐν (en, meaning 'in' or 'among'), the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against'), and the verb λείπω (leipo, meaning 'to leave' or 'to lack'). This combination emphasizes the act of leaving someone or something completely behind or in a state of abandonment.

G3936

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: par-es-TOH-tohn

Translations: of those standing by, of those present, of those standing near, of those standing beside, of those standing before

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παρίστημι' (paristēmi), meaning 'to stand by,' 'to be present,' 'to stand near,' or 'to present oneself.' As a genitive plural participle, it refers to 'those who are standing by' or 'those who are present,' indicating possession or relationship. It is often used to describe people who are observers or attendants in a given situation.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΕΣΤΩΤΩΝ, ΠΑΡΟΝΤΩΝ

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-KOO-san-tes

Translations: having heard, those who heard, after hearing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to hear'. It describes an action of hearing that has been completed, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially to modify a noun or describe the circumstances of another action. It can refer to people who have heard something, or indicate that an action occurred after the act of hearing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ

G5455

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foh-NEH-ee

Translations: he calls, she calls, it calls, he speaks, she speaks, it speaks, he sounds, she sounds, it sounds

Notes: This word means to utter a sound, to speak, or to call out. It is often used to describe the act of making a vocal sound, whether it's a human voice, an animal's cry, or the sound of an instrument. It can be used in contexts where someone is calling to another person, speaking a word, or making a sound.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΚΡΑΖΩ, ΒΟΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΩΝΕΩ (phōneō) comes from the noun ΦΩΝΗ (phōnē), meaning 'sound' or 'voice'.

G5143

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: drah-MOHN

Translations: running, having run, ran

Notes: ΔΡΑΜΩΝ is the aorist active participle of the verb ΤΡΕΧΩ, meaning 'to run'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. It can be translated as 'running' or 'having run', indicating an action completed in the past relative to the main verb. For example, 'he, having run, arrived'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΘΕΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The verb ΤΡΕΧΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European *dregʰ-, meaning 'to run'.

G4060

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-THEYS

Translations: putting around, placing around, surrounding, clothing, crowning, putting on, laying on

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. As a participle, it describes an action of putting or placing something around another object or person. It can refer to physically encircling, clothing, or even metaphorically bestowing something upon someone, such as a crown or honor.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΕΡΙΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΠΕΡΙΚΕΙΜΑΙ

G2507

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-theh-LEIN

Translations: to take down, to pull down, to cast down, to destroy, to overthrow, to demolish

Notes: This is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'καθαιρέω'. It means 'to take down' or 'to pull down'. It can be used literally to describe the act of dismantling or demolishing a physical structure, or metaphorically to describe the overthrowing of a power, authority, or system. It implies an action of bringing something or someone from a higher position to a lower one, often with destructive intent.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

G0863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-FEIS

Translations: you may let go, you may send away, you may forgive, you may permit, you may abandon, you may leave

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'aphiēmi', meaning to let go, send away, forgive, permit, abandon, or leave. It is used to describe an action of releasing or dismissing something or someone, or of pardoning sins. It can also imply allowing something to happen or leaving a situation or person behind.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΑΩ

Etymology: From 'apo' (away from) and 'hiēmi' (to send). It literally means 'to send away from'.

G1606

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-EP-nev-sen

Translations: he breathed out, he expired, he died

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to breathe out' or 'to expire'. In a broader sense, it is commonly used to mean 'to die', referring to the act of giving up one's last breath. It is often found in narratives describing someone's death.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΠΝΕΩ (ekpneō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΠΝΕΩ (pneō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow'. Thus, it literally means 'to breathe out'.

G2665

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-PEH-tahs-mah

Translations: veil, a veil, curtain, a curtain

Notes: This word refers to a veil or curtain, often a large and thick one. In biblical contexts, it specifically denotes the curtain that separated the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place in the Tabernacle and the Temple, or the curtain at the entrance of the Tabernacle. It is used to describe a physical barrier that conceals or divides.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΣΚΗΝΙΟΝ, ΠΑΡΑΠΕΤΑΣΜΑ

Etymology: This word is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΠΕΤΑΣΜΑ (petasma), meaning 'something spread out' or 'a covering'. It describes something spread out or hung down, hence a curtain or veil.

G3485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NAH-oo

Translations: of a temple, of the temple, to a temple, to the temple, temples

Notes: This word refers to a temple or a sanctuary, specifically the inner part of a temple where the deity was worshipped. It can also refer to the entire sacred edifice. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive singular (of the temple) and the nominative/accusative plural (temples).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Dative; or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΝ, ΝΕΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΝΑΟΣ (naos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It refers to a dwelling place, particularly of a god.

G4977

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-KHIS-thay

Translations: it was torn, it was split, it was divided, it was rent, it was separated

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'schizō'. It describes an action that happened in the past, where something was torn, split, or divided by an external force, rather than doing the action itself. It implies a sudden or complete separation or rupture. For example, a curtain might be torn, or a group of people might be divided.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΙΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΣΠΑΩ, ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ

G0509

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AH-noh-then

Translations: from above, again, anew, from the beginning

Notes: This adverb has a dual meaning depending on the context. Spatially, it means 'from above' or 'from a higher place'. Temporally or conceptually, it can mean 'again', 'anew', or 'from the beginning'. In some theological contexts, particularly in the Gospel of John, it carries the significant meaning of 'born from above' or 'born again', emphasizing a spiritual rebirth initiated by God. It can describe the origin of something (from above) or the repetition or renewal of an action (again/anew).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΑΛΑΙ, ΠΑΛΙΝ, ΕΞΑΡΧΗΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek preposition ΑΝΩ (ANO), meaning 'up' or 'above', combined with the suffix -ΘΕΝ (-THEN), which indicates origin or direction 'from'.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DON

Translations: having seen, when he saw, when they saw, seeing, looking, perceiving

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'οράω' (orao), meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb. It often indicates the cause or circumstance of another action, such as 'having seen this, he did that'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩΝ, ΘΕΩΡΩΝ

G2760

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ken-too-REE-ohn

Translations: centurion, a centurion

Notes: A centurion was a professional officer in the Roman army who commanded a 'century' of 80 to 100 men. This word is a transliteration of the Latin 'centurio'. In the New Testament, centurions are often depicted in a positive light, showing faith or compassion.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative. This word inflects for case and number.

Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Latin word 'centurio', which itself comes from 'centum' meaning 'one hundred'. It refers to the commander of a century, a unit of approximately one hundred soldiers.

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-nan-TEE-as

Translations: of opposite, of contrary, of hostile, opposite, contrary, hostile

Notes: This word describes something that is set over against, opposite to, or contrary to something else. It can also imply hostility or opposition. It is often used to denote a position or action that is in direct conflict with another.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative/Accusative/Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΧΘΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ (enantios) is derived from the preposition ΕΝ (en, meaning 'in') and ΑΝΤΙ (anti, meaning 'opposite' or 'against'). It literally means 'in opposition to' or 'facing'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AHN-throh-pohs

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person, mankind, humanity

Notes: This word refers to a human being, a person, or mankind in general. It is a common noun used to denote any individual of the human species, regardless of gender, though it is often translated as 'man' in a generic sense. It can be used to distinguish humans from God or from animals.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΤΙΣ

Etymology: The word "ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ" is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek term for a human being. Some theories suggest it may be related to words meaning "upward-looking" or "earth-faced."

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-sahn

Translations: they were, they had been

Notes: ΗΣΑΝ is an inflected form of the verb 'ΕΙΜΙ' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Specifically, it is the third person plural imperfect indicative form. It describes an ongoing or continuous state or action in the past, often translated as 'they were' or 'they used to be'. It is commonly used to describe the state or existence of multiple subjects in a past context.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative

Etymology: The Koine Greek verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) derives from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental and frequently used verbs in the language, indicating existence, state, or identity.

G3113

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: mah-KRO-theh

Translations: from afar, from a distance, far off, a long way off

Notes: This adverb indicates a spatial or temporal distance, meaning 'from a long way off' or 'from a distance'. It describes the origin or position of something as being far away. It is often used to describe someone or something approaching from a distant point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΡΩΘΕΝ, ΑΠΟΜΑΚΡΟΘΕΝ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective ΜΑΚΡΟΣ (MAKROS), meaning 'long' or 'far', combined with the suffix -ΘΕΝ (-THEN), which indicates origin or direction 'from'.

G2334

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: theh-oh-ROO-sai

Translations: seeing, beholding, observing, gazing, looking on

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'seeing' or 'beholding'. It describes an ongoing action of observing or looking at something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun (in this case, feminine plural nouns like 'women') while also carrying verbal force, indicating an action they are performing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΟΥΣΑΙ, ΟΡΩΣΑΙ, ΣΚΟΠΟΥΣΑΙ

G3137

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-REE-ah

Translations: Mary

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the name Mary. In the New Testament, it is the name of several prominent women, most notably Mary, the mother of Jesus, and Mary Magdalene. It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Mary is derived from the Hebrew name Miryam (מִרְיָם), which is of uncertain meaning but possibly related to 'bitterness' or 'rebellion', or alternatively, 'beloved' or 'sea of bitterness'. It came into Greek as Mariam and Maria.

G3094

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Mag-da-lay-NAY

Translations: Magdalene, Mary Magdalene

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Mary Magdalene, a prominent figure in the New Testament. She is often identified as a follower of Jesus and is mentioned as being present at his crucifixion and as the first witness to his resurrection. It is used to specify 'Mary who is from Magdala' or 'Mary the Magdalene'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The word is derived from the Hebrew/Aramaic place name Magdala, meaning 'tower' or 'fortress'. It designates a person from the town of Magdala, located on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee.

G2385

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ah-KO-boo

Translations: of Jacob, of James

Notes: This word is a proper noun, referring to the biblical figure Jacob, or in the New Testament context, James. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to Jacob' or 'from James'. For example, 'the brother of James' or 'the house of Jacob'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew name Ya'aqov (יַעֲקֹב), meaning 'supplanter' or 'heel-grabber'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint and was widely used in the New Testament.

G3398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: mee-KROO

Translations: (of) small, (of) little, (of) short, (of) young, (of) unimportant, (of) the small one, (of) the little one, (of) the least

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ΜΙΚΡΟΣ' (mikros), meaning 'small' or 'little'. It can describe something as being of small size, quantity, or importance. When used substantively, it refers to 'the small one' or 'the least'. It is often used in phrases contrasting with 'great' or 'large', such as 'from great to small' (ἀπὸ μεγάλου ἕως μικροῦ), meaning 'from the greatest to the least' or 'from everyone, regardless of status'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ, ΕΛΑΧΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΚΡΟΣ (mikros) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small'. It is related to the Latin 'minor' and 'minimus'.

G2443

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-OH-see

Translations: may heal, may save, may make whole, may preserve

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to heal' or 'to save'. It describes an action that might happen, indicating a potential or desired outcome of healing, saving, or making someone whole. It is often used in contexts where a divine or powerful intervention is sought or expected.

Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΙΩΣΗ comes from the root ἰάομαι (iaomai), meaning 'to heal' or 'to cure'. It is related to the concept of making whole or restoring health.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G1056

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: gah-lee-LAI-ah

Translations: Galilee

Notes: Galilee is a region in northern ancient Israel, known for its fertile land and significant role in biblical history, particularly as the primary setting for the ministry of Jesus Christ. It is often referred to as 'Galilee of the Gentiles' due to its mixed population.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The name 'Galilee' comes from the Hebrew word 'galil' (גָּלִיל), meaning 'circle' or 'district'. It referred to the region's circular shape or its status as a distinct district.

G1247

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ay-ko-NOO-n

Translations: were serving, were ministering, were waiting on, served, ministered, waited on

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to serve,' 'to minister,' or 'to wait on.' It describes the act of providing service or assistance to someone. The form 'ΔΙΗΚΟΝΟΥΝ' is the third person plural imperfect active indicative, indicating an ongoing or repeated action in the past, such as 'they were serving' or 'they used to serve.' It can be used in contexts where people are attending to the needs of others, whether by providing food, financial support, or general assistance.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ, ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΕΩ

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has already occurred. It emphasizes the immediacy or completion of an action or state. It can be used to mean 'already' in the sense of something having taken place before the expected time, or 'now' in the sense of 'at this very moment'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΡΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-d- (meaning 'already, now'). It is related to words meaning 'at that time' or 'then'.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction, introducing clauses that explain the reason or cause for something, similar to 'because' or 'since'. It can also introduce clauses of time, indicating that something happened 'when' or 'after' another event. Its meaning is determined by the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΩΣ

Etymology: From the prefix ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'in the event that', evolving to 'since' or 'because'.

G3904

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-ske-OO-ay

Translations: preparation, a preparation, equipment, provision, Friday

Notes: This word refers to the act of preparing or making ready for something. It can also denote the things that are prepared, such as equipment or provisions. In a specific religious context, it refers to the day of preparation for the Sabbath, which is Friday.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ

Etymology: From the Greek verb παρασκευάζω (paraskeuazō), meaning 'to prepare' or 'to get ready'. It is formed from παρά (para, 'beside, alongside') and σκευάζω (skeuazō, 'to prepare, to equip').

G4315

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-SAH-bah-toh

Translations: day before the Sabbath, preparation day, Friday

Notes: This word is a compound noun formed from 'προς' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'toward', and 'σάββατον' (sabbaton), meaning 'Sabbath'. It refers to the day immediately preceding the Sabbath, which in the Jewish calendar was Friday. It is often used to denote the 'preparation day' for the Sabbath, when people would prepare food and other necessities as no work was permitted on the Sabbath itself.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΗ

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: ΕΛΘΩΝ is the aorist active participle of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed relative to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or manner of the main action, such as 'having come' or 'after he came'. It can also function adjectivally, describing a noun.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G2501

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-SEF

Translations: Joseph

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the biblical name Joseph. It is used to identify individuals named Joseph, such as Joseph, the husband of Mary, or Joseph of Arimathea. As a proper noun, it does not typically change meaning based on context.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative or Genitive or Dative

Etymology: The name Joseph is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Yosef, meaning 'He will add' or 'God will increase'. It is a common name in the Old and New Testaments.

G0707

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-ree-mah-THEE-ahs

Translations: Arimathea, of Arimathea

Notes: This word refers to Arimathea, a town in Judea. It is primarily known from the New Testament as the hometown of Joseph, who was a wealthy disciple of Jesus and who provided the tomb for Jesus' burial. The word is used to identify individuals or things associated with this town.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Arimathea' is of Aramaic origin, likely meaning 'heights' or 'a high place'. It was a town in Judea, though its exact location is debated among scholars.

G2156

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-SKHAY-mohn

Translations: proper, comely, honorable, respectable, decent, seemly, becoming

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is well-formed, graceful, or appropriate in appearance or conduct. It implies a sense of decorum, dignity, and respectability. It can refer to outward appearance, behavior, or even the arrangement of things, suggesting what is fitting or becoming in a given situation. It is a compound word formed from 'eu' (good, well) and 'schema' (form, figure, appearance).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine; or Singular, Nominative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΠΡΕΠΩΝ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ΣΧΗΜΑ (schema), meaning 'form' or 'figure'. It literally means 'of good form' or 'well-formed'.

G1011

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: boo-LEH-oo-tays

Translations: counselor, a counselor, councilor, a councilor, senator, a senator, member of the council, a member of the council

Notes: This word refers to a member of a council or senate, a counselor, or a senator. It is used to describe someone who holds a position of authority and gives advice or makes decisions in a governing body.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΔΡΟΣ, ΓΕΡΟΥΣΙΑΣΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΒΟΥΛΕΥΤΗΣ (bouleutēs) is derived from the Greek word βουλεύω (bouleuō), meaning 'to take counsel, to deliberate', which in turn comes from βουλή (boulē), meaning 'counsel, plan, will, council'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G5111

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: tol-MAY-sas

Translations: daring, having dared, having been bold, having ventured, having presumed, having been courageous

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'τολμάω', meaning 'to dare' or 'to be bold'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or a state of having dared. It can be used to describe someone who has taken a risk, acted courageously, or presumed to do something.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΤΟΛΜΗΡΟΣ

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-EEL-then

Translations: he entered, she entered, it entered, went in, came in

Notes: This word describes the action of entering or coming into a place. It is often used to indicate movement from an outside location to an inside one, or to signify the beginning of a state or condition. It is a compound word formed from 'EIS' (into) and 'ERCHOMAI' (to come/go).

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word εἰσέρχομαι (eiserchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Its etymology traces back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to movement.

G0154

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-TAY-sah-toh

Translations: he asked, she asked, it asked, he requested, she requested, it requested, he demanded, she demanded, it demanded

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'aiteo'. It describes an action of asking, requesting, or demanding that occurred in the past, with the subject performing the action for themselves (middle voice) or having the action done to them (passive voice), though in this specific form, it's more commonly used in the middle voice to mean 'he/she/it asked for himself/herself/itself'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

G4983

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SOH-mah

Translations: body, a body, flesh, a slave

Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a human or animal, or a physical object. It can also metaphorically refer to a group of people or a community, or even to the substance of something. In some contexts, it can refer to a slave or servant, as a 'body' belonging to another.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΧΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain. It is possibly derived from the verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve', implying something that is kept or preserved.

G2296

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-THOW-mah-zen

Translations: he was amazed, he marveled, he wondered, he was astonished

Notes: This word describes the act of being amazed, marveling, or wondering at something. It is used to express a strong feeling of surprise, admiration, or astonishment. It often implies a sense of awe or bewilderment in response to an unexpected or extraordinary event or sight. It is typically used in the third person singular, indicating that 'he,' 'she,' or 'it' was experiencing this emotion.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΕΚΘΑΜΒΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ (thaumazo) comes from the Greek word θαῦμα (thauma), meaning 'a wonder, a marvel, a sight'. It is related to the concept of looking at something with awe or astonishment.

G4341

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-kal-eh-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having called to oneself, having summoned, having invited, having called, having sent for

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, indicating that they 'called to themselves' or 'summoned' someone. It implies an initiative taken by the subject to bring someone closer, often for a specific purpose like giving instructions or having a discussion.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΣΥΓΚΑΛΕΩ, ΜΕΤΑΠΕΜΠΟΜΑΙ

G3819

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-LAI

Translations: long ago, of old, formerly, anciently

Notes: This word is an adverb of time, meaning 'long ago' or 'of old'. It is used to refer to events or states that occurred in the distant past. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating that the action or quality described happened or existed a considerable time before the present.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to spread, flat'. In Greek, it developed to refer to something that is 'old' or 'ancient', leading to its use as an adverb for 'long ago'.

G1433

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOH-ray-sah-toh

Translations: he gave, he granted, he bestowed, he presented

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle voice of the verb 'δωρέω' (dōreō), meaning 'to give a gift, to grant, to bestow'. In the middle voice, it emphasizes that the subject performs the action for their own benefit or interest, or that the action affects them directly. Therefore, 'he gave' or 'he bestowed' implies that the giving was done by him and for his own purpose or as a personal act.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ΔΩΡΕΩ (dōreō) is derived from the noun ΔΩΡΟΝ (dōron), meaning 'gift'. It signifies the act of giving or bestowing something as a gift.

G4439

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PTOH-mah

Translations: fall, a fall, corpse, a corpse, dead body, a dead body, ruin, a ruin

Notes: This noun refers to a 'fall' in a literal sense, such as falling down, or in a metaphorical sense, like a moral or spiritual downfall. It can also refer to something that has fallen, specifically a 'corpse' or 'dead body'. In some contexts, it can signify 'ruin' or 'destruction'. It is used to describe both physical and abstract concepts of falling or collapse.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΕΚΡΟΣ, ΠΤΩΣΙΣ, ΟΛΕΘΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the Koine Greek verb πίπτω (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. It describes the result or state of falling.

G0059

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-go-RAH-sas

Translations: having bought, when he bought, after he bought

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'agorazo', meaning 'to buy' or 'to purchase'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb in the sentence. It indicates that the subject performed the action of buying.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΩΝΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΡΙΑΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb 'agorazo' comes from 'agora' (G0058), meaning 'marketplace' or 'public assembly'. The verb literally means 'to do business in the marketplace' or 'to frequent the marketplace', which then evolved to mean 'to buy' or 'to purchase'.

G2507

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ka-theh-LOHN

Translations: taking down, pulling down, throwing down, casting down, destroying, abolishing, deposing

Notes: ΚΑΘΕΛΩΝ is the masculine singular aorist active participle of the verb ΚΑΘΑΙΡΩ. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (down) and the verb ΑΙΡΩ (to take, lift). It generally means 'taking down' or 'pulling down' and can refer to physical objects, structures, or even abstract concepts like power or authority. It implies an action of bringing something from a higher position to a lower one, or completely dismantling it.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

G1794

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-nee-LEE-sen

Translations: wrapped, rolled up, wound up, enveloped

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to wrap in' or 'to roll up'. It describes the action of enclosing something by winding material around it. It is often used in contexts where something is being prepared for burial or storage by being wrapped in cloth.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΥΛΙΣΣΩ, ΠΕΡΙΕΛΙΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΛΕΩ (or ΕΙΛΙΣΣΩ) is derived from the ancient Greek root *wel-, meaning 'to turn, roll'. The prefix ΕΝ- means 'in' or 'into', indicating the action of rolling or wrapping something into or within something else.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-THEE-ken

Translations: he placed, she placed, it placed, he put, she put, it put, he laid, she laid, it laid, he appointed, she appointed, it appointed

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb τίθημι (tithemi), meaning 'to place,' 'to put,' 'to lay,' or 'to appoint.' It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that 'he,' 'she,' or 'it' performed the action of placing or setting something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G2991

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: leh-lah-TOH-mee-meh-non

Translations: hewn out, cut out, quarried

Notes: This word describes something that has been cut or carved out, typically from rock or stone. It is often used to refer to tombs or caves that have been excavated or quarried from a larger rock formation. It is a compound word, combining 'λίθος' (stone) and 'τέμνω' (to cut).

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΚΚΟΠΤΩ, ΕΚΤΕΜΝΩ

Etymology: The verb ΛΑΤΟΜΕΩ (latomeō) is derived from the Greek words λίθος (lithos), meaning 'stone', and τέμνω (temnō), meaning 'to cut'. It literally means 'to cut stone' or 'to quarry'.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gah

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great, a large

Notes: This word describes something as great, large, or mighty in size, extent, or importance. It can refer to physical size, but also to significance, power, or intensity. It is often used to emphasize the magnitude of something, such as a great storm, a great fear, or a great city. This particular form, ΜΕΓΑ, is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is related to Latin magnus and English much.

G3419

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mnay-MEH-oo

Translations: of a tomb, of a monument, of a memorial, of a sepulchre

Notes: This word refers to a place of remembrance, such as a tomb, monument, or memorial. It is often used to denote a burial place or a structure erected to commemorate a person or event. It can be used in sentences like 'They went to the monument' or 'The inscription on the tomb was ancient.'

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΑΦΟΣ, ΜΝΗΜΑ, ΤΥΜΒΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΝΗΜΕΙΟΝ (mnēmeion) comes from μνῆμα (mnēma), meaning 'memorial' or 'remembrance', which itself is derived from μιμνήσκω (mimnēskō), meaning 'to remind' or 'to remember'.

G2334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-theh-OH-roon

Translations: they were beholding, they were looking at, they were observing, they were seeing, they were perceiving

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'θεωρέω' (theōreō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means to look at, behold, observe, or perceive, often with a sense of careful or sustained attention. It implies a more contemplative or analytical gaze than simply 'seeing'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΕΠΙΒΛΕΠΩ

G5087