Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Josephus' Antiquities of the Jews / Book 20 / Chapter 12Book 20, Chapter 12
Interlinear version from Josephus' Antiquities of the Jews (Beta)
G3973
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pow-SEH-tai
Translations: he will cease, she will cease, it will cease, he will stop, she will stop, it will stop, he will rest, she will rest, it will rest
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'παύω' (paúō), meaning 'to cease', 'to stop', or 'to rest'. It indicates a future action, specifically that someone or something will come to a halt or find rest. It is often used to describe an end to an activity, a state, or a period of time.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΩ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΩ
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: Delta, four, 4
Notes: Δ (Delta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number four. It is also used as a symbol in various contexts, including mathematics and science, though its primary function in Koine Greek texts is as a letter or a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Delta is derived from the Phoenician letter Dalet, which means 'door'.
G1759
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: en-TOW-tha
Translations: here, there, in this place, in that place
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location, meaning 'here' or 'there'. It refers to a specific place or point in time, often emphasizing the immediate vicinity or the current situation. It can be used to mean 'at this point' or 'at that point' in a narrative.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ὩΔΕ, ἘΚΕΙ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂
Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ἐν' (en, 'in') and the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos, 'this'). It literally means 'in this very place'.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G0746
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-khai-ol-o-GEE-as
Translations: of archaeology, of ancient history, of ancient lore
Notes: This word refers to the study of ancient things, encompassing ancient history, traditions, and lore. It is a compound word derived from 'ἀρχαῖος' (archaios), meaning 'ancient' or 'old', and 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word', 'reason', or 'study'. Thus, it literally means 'the study of ancient things'. It is used to refer to the field of knowledge concerning antiquity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΟΤΗΣ, ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'ἀρχαιολογία' (archaiologia) is a compound of 'ἀρχαῖος' (archaios), meaning 'ancient' or 'old', and '-λογία' (-logia), meaning 'the study of' or 'discourse'. 'ἀρχαῖος' comes from 'ἀρχή' (archē), meaning 'beginning' or 'origin'.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: meth
Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with
Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ANE
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was, I was
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to describe a state of being or existence in the past, often indicating a continuous or repeated action or condition. For example, it can mean 'he was' or 'it was'.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, 1st or 3rd person singular
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G4171
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PO-le-mon
Translations: war, a war
Notes: This word refers to a state of armed conflict between different countries or groups. It is used to describe a battle or a prolonged struggle, often involving military action and violence. In a sentence, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΑΓΩΝ
G0756
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: heer-KSAH-meen
Translations: I began, I started
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to begin' or 'to start'. It describes the initiation of an action or process. It is often followed by an infinitive verb, indicating what was begun.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G1125
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: grah-FEIN
Translations: to write, to draw, to engrave, to record
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'graphō'. It means 'to write' or 'to draw'. It can be used in various contexts, such as writing letters, recording events, or even drawing pictures. It often implies the act of producing text or images on a surface.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΝΑΓΡΑΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩ
G4022
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-khei
Translations: it contains, it holds, it surrounds, it includes, it embraces, it comprehends, it holds fast
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to contain,' 'to hold,' 'to surround,' or 'to include.' It describes something that encloses or encompasses another thing, either physically or conceptually. It can also mean to comprehend or embrace a concept, or to hold fast to something.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Active Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΩ, ΣΥΝΕΧΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek περί (peri, 'around') and ἔχω (echō, 'to have, to hold'). It literally means 'to hold around' or 'to encompass'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OW-tay
Translations: she, her, it, this, that, the same
Notes: This word is a pronoun, specifically the feminine nominative singular form of 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'she', 'her', or 'it', or as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. When used intensively, it can mean 'the same' or 'herself'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it refers to.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΗ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G4413
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PRO-tays
Translations: of first, of the first, first
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'first' in order, rank, or importance. It is used to describe something that comes before all others. For example, it can refer to the first day, the first group, or the most important person.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ
G1078
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: geh-NEH-seh-ohss
Translations: of birth, of origin, of creation, of generation, of beginning, of lineage
Notes: This word refers to the act or process of coming into being, such as birth, origin, or creation. It can also denote a lineage or a record of descent. It is used to describe the beginning of something, like the 'day of birth' or the 'book of Genesis' (meaning 'book of origins').
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-THRO-poo
Translations: (of) man, (of) a man, (of) human, (of) a human
Notes: This word refers to a human being, mankind, or humanity in general. It can denote an individual person, male or female, or the human race collectively. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of man' or 'of a human'. It is commonly used in contexts discussing human nature, actions, or relationships.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ
G3862
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pah-rah-DOH-sin
Translations: tradition, a tradition, handing over, surrender, delivery
Notes: This word refers to something handed down or transmitted, such as a custom, teaching, or doctrine. It can also mean the act of handing over or delivering something, including the surrender of a person or a place. In a general sense, it describes the process or result of passing something from one person or generation to another.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΧΗ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ
G3360
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEKH-ree
Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during
Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ
Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.
G2094
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-TOOS
Translations: of a year, of the year, of year
Notes: This word refers to a year, a period of twelve months. It is used to indicate a specific year or to describe events occurring within a particular year. As a genitive form, it often functions to show possession or relationship, such as 'of the year' or 'belonging to the year'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
G1427
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: doh-DEH-kah-too
Translations: of the twelfth
Notes: This word is an ordinal adjective meaning 'twelfth'. It is used to indicate the position in a sequence, such as 'the twelfth day' or 'the twelfth month'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun and agrees with it in gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
G3503
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: Neh-ROH-nos
Translations: of Nero
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Nero, the Roman Emperor. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to Nero' or 'from Nero'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Latin Nero, a Roman cognomen.
G2231
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-geh-mo-NEE-as
Translations: of authority, of rule, of dominion, of sovereignty, of leadership, of a principality, of a province
Notes: This word refers to the concept of authority, rule, or leadership. It can denote the power or right to govern, a position of command, or even a specific territory under such rule, like a province or principality. It is used to describe the exercise of power or the sphere of influence.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΤΗΤΟΣ, ΑΡΧΗΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G4819
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun
Sounds like: soom-beh-bee-KO-tohn
Translations: of events, of occurrences, of incidents, of things that have happened, of circumstances, of accidents
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the neuter perfect active participle of the verb ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ (symbainō), meaning 'to happen' or 'to occur'. As a noun, it refers to things that have happened, events, occurrences, or circumstances. It is often used to describe the various incidents or situations that arise.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΩΝ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΩΝ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΩΝ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oys
Translations: to Jews, for Jews, with Jews, among Jews
Notes: This word refers to Jews or Jewish people. It is a plural noun in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or the recipient of something. It can be translated as 'to Jews,' 'for Jews,' 'with Jews,' or 'among Jews,' depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G125
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: AI-gyp-TON
Translations: Egypt
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the country of Egypt. In the provided examples, it is used as the object of a verb or preposition, indicating a destination or location.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G4948
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: soo-REE-ah
Translations: Syria
Notes: This word refers to the geographical region of Syria, an ancient country in the Middle East. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'Syria' is of ancient origin, derived from the Greek name for the region. It is believed to be related to Assyria, though the exact etymological connection is debated.
G3825
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: pa-lais-TEE-nayn
Translations: Palestine
Notes: This word refers to the geographical region of Palestine. It is used to denote the land or territory known by this name, often in historical or geographical contexts.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G3745
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective
Sounds like: OH-sah
Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things
Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').
G3958
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-PON-tha-men
Translations: we have suffered, we have experienced, we have endured
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to suffer', 'to experience', or 'to endure'. In this form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results in the present. It is used to describe what a group of people (we) have undergone or gone through.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G0784
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ass-SYR-ee-ohn
Translations: of Assyria, of the Assyrians, Assyrian
Notes: This word refers to something or someone belonging to Assyria or the Assyrian people. It is used to describe things originating from or associated with the ancient kingdom of Assyria, or to refer to the people themselves. In a sentence, it would typically modify a noun, indicating its origin or association, or be used substantively to refer to the people.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From the Hebrew word 'Ashshur' (H0804), referring to Assyria or an Assyrian.
G0897
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-by-LOH-nee-ohn
Translations: of Babylonians, of the Babylonians
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the inhabitants of Babylon. It is used to describe something belonging to or associated with the people from the city of Babylon. For example, it could refer to the king of the Babylonians or the land of the Babylonians.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE-nah
Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything
Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.
Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter
G4067
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: PER-sai
Translations: Persians
Notes: This word refers to the people of Persia, an ancient empire located in what is now Iran. It is used to denote the inhabitants or descendants of this region.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The word is derived from the Old Persian word 'Pārsa', which was the name of the people and their land. It entered Greek through contact with the Persian Empire.
G3110
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: mah-keh-DOH-nes
Translations: Macedonians
Notes: This word refers to the people from Macedonia, a historical region and kingdom located on the Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe. In ancient times, the Macedonians were a distinct group, known for their military prowess, especially under leaders like Philip II and Alexander the Great.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Μακεδονία (Makedonía), the name of the region. The name itself is thought to be related to the ancient Greek word μακεδνός (makednós), meaning 'tall' or 'highlander', possibly referring to the inhabitants of the mountainous region.
G1303
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-teh-THEH-kee-kah-sin
Translations: they have arranged, they have appointed, they have made a covenant, they have disposed, they have settled
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to arrange,' 'to appoint,' 'to make a covenant,' or 'to dispose.' It describes the act of setting something in order, establishing an agreement, or dealing with something in a particular way. It is often used in the context of making a will or a covenant.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Perfect Indicative Active
Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mas
Translations: us
Notes: This word is the first-person plural pronoun 'we' in the accusative case. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'us'. For example, 'He saw us' or 'They spoke to us'.
Inflection: First-person, Plural, Accusative
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to
Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G1565
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-KAY-noos
Translations: those, them, those ones
Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective or pronoun meaning 'that' or 'those'. It is used to point out something or someone at a distance, or to refer to something previously mentioned. As an adjective, it modifies a noun (e.g., 'those men'). As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun (e.g., 'he saw those').
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
G4514
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: roh-MAI-oy
Translations: Romans, a Roman
Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Rome or the Roman Empire. It is used to denote the people collectively or individually. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to the Roman people or officials.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G3633
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OY-mahee
Translations: I think, I suppose, I imagine, I believe
Notes: This verb means 'to think', 'to suppose', 'to imagine', or 'to believe'. It is often used parenthetically in a sentence, similar to how one might say 'I think' or 'I suppose' in English to express an opinion or a less certain statement.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΩ, ἩΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word Οἴομαι (oiomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *oi- meaning 'to think' or 'to suppose'.
G0195
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-kree-BEY-ahs
Translations: of accuracy, of exactness, of precision, of strictness
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being accurate, exact, or precise. It denotes a state of strictness, thoroughness, or carefulness in judgment, observation, or action. It is used to describe a high degree of correctness or detail.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΚΡΙΒΟΛΟΓΙΑ, ἘΠΙΣΤΑΣΙΑ
G4369
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-teh-TA-kheh-nai
Translations: to have arranged, to have appointed, to have commanded, to have put together, to have ordered
Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb συντάσσω (syntassō). It means "to have arranged," "to have appointed," or "to have commanded." As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often used to complete the meaning of another verb or as the subject or object of a sentence. The perfect tense indicates a completed action with ongoing results.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek σύν (syn, "with, together") and τάσσω (tassō, "to arrange, to order").
G5083
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: tay-RAY-sai
Translations: to keep, to observe, to guard, to preserve, to watch
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'τηρέω' (tēreō). It means 'to keep', 'to observe', 'to guard', or 'to preserve'. It is used to express the action of holding onto something, maintaining a state, or carefully watching over someone or something. As an infinitive, it often functions like a noun, indicating the purpose or result of an action, or as a complement to another verb.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΠΑΡΑΤΗΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΤΗΡΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΤΗΡΕΩ (tēreō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to watch' or 'to attend to'.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G3985
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-PEI-rah-mai
Translations: I have tried, I have attempted, I have tested, I have experienced
Notes: This word is the first person singular perfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'πειράω' (peiraō). It means 'I have tried' or 'I have attempted' something, indicating a completed action with ongoing results. It can also mean 'I have tested' or 'I have experienced'. It describes a state of having undergone a trial or an attempt.
Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 1st Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΡΑΣΑ, ΕΠΕΙΡΑΘΗΝ
Etymology: The word 'πειράω' (peiraō) comes from 'πεῖρα' (peira), meaning 'a trial, an attempt, an experience'. It is related to the idea of passing through or making a test.
G0749
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohn
Translations: of high priests, of chief priests
Notes: This word refers to those who hold the highest priestly office. In ancient Israel, this was the head of the priesthood, responsible for leading religious ceremonies and sacrifices. In the New Testament, it often refers to the leading members of the Jewish priestly class, including the high priest and other prominent priests.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΙΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΙ
Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'first' or 'chief', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.
G0332
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-nah-grah-FANE
Translations: registration, a registration, record, a record, list, a list, enrollment, an enrollment, description, a description
Notes: This word refers to the act of writing down or recording something, such as a list, register, or description. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It is used to denote a formal or official record or enrollment.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΗ, ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΗ, ΓΡΑΦΗ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G1368
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: diss-KHEE-lee-oys
Translations: (to) two thousand
Notes: This word is a compound numeral meaning 'two thousand'. It is used to refer to a quantity of two thousand units, often in a dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' two thousand.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G2094
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-teh-see
Translations: to years, in years, years
Notes: This word refers to a period of twelve months, a year. It is used to indicate a duration or a point in time, often in phrases like 'in these years' or 'for many years'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nohn
Translations: having become, having happened, having come to pass, of those who became, of those who happened
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ginomai', meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, often indicating an action that has already occurred. It can describe a state of being or an event that has taken place.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΩΝ, ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ
Etymology: The word 'ginomai' comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey ideas of generation, birth, or becoming.
G0508
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-PLAH-nee
Translations: unwandering, unerring, fixed, certain, true, a certain one, certain things
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'unwandering' or 'unerring'. It describes something that does not stray or deviate, implying reliability, certainty, or truth. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not') and πλάνη (planē, 'a wandering, error'). It can be used to describe a person, a path, a statement, or a fact that is steadfast and correct.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative; or Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ, ΣΤΑΘΕΡΟΣ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-POY-ee-my
Translations: I have been made, I have been done, I have been created, I have made for myself, I have done for myself
Notes: This is a verb in the perfect tense, middle or passive voice, first person singular. In the middle voice, it means 'I have made or done something for myself' or 'I have caused something to be made/done for myself'. In the passive voice, it means 'I have been made' or 'I have been done'. It describes an action completed in the past with ongoing results or a state resulting from a past action.
Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LAYS
Translations: kings
Notes: This word refers to 'kings' or 'rulers'. It is the plural form of the noun 'king' (βασιλεύς). It is used to denote multiple monarchs or sovereign leaders.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ
G1243
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-ah-dokh-EEN
Translations: succession, a succession, sequence, a sequence
Notes: This word refers to a succession, a sequence, or a taking over from another. It is used to describe the act of following in order or sequence, often in a position of authority or responsibility. For example, one might speak of the succession of kings or the sequence of events.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΔΟΧΟΣ, ΔΙΑΔΟΧΗ
Etymology: The word "διαδοχή" (diadochē) comes from the Greek verb "διαδέχομαι" (diadechomai), meaning "to receive in turn" or "to succeed." It is formed from "διά" (dia), meaning "through" or "across," and "δέχομαι" (dechomai), meaning "to receive."
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G4234
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PRAX-ace
Translations: deeds, acts, actions
Notes: This word refers to actions, deeds, or accomplishments. It is often used in a general sense to describe human activity or what someone does. It can also refer to specific events or a collection of actions, such as the 'Acts' of the Apostles.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑΤΑ, ΔΡΑΣΕΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb πράσσω (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G4174
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-li-TEI-as
Translations: of citizenship, of commonwealth, of state, of government, of way of life, of a way of life
Notes: This word refers to the rights and duties of a citizen, the administration of a state, or the form of government. It can also describe a person's conduct or way of life within a community. It is often used in contexts discussing political systems or the collective body of citizens.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ, ΒΙΟΣ
Etymology: From ancient Greek, derived from the word 'πολίτης' (politēs), meaning 'citizen', which itself comes from 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city' or 'state'.
G0518
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: ah-pang-GEL-lohn
Translations: reporting, announcing, telling, declaring, bringing word, one who reports, he who reports
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'reporting' or 'announcing'. It describes someone who is in the act of bringing a message or news. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'ἀγγέλλω' (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to tell'. Thus, it literally means 'to announce from' or 'to report back'. It is used to describe the action of delivering a message or news, often with a sense of returning with information.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΥ̓ΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word ἀπαγγέλλω (apangellō) is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to tell'. The root ἀγγέλλω is related to ἄγγελος (angelos), meaning 'messenger'.
G3433
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: moh-NAR-khon
Translations: of monarchs, of rulers, of sole rulers
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'monarch' or 'sole ruler'. It is a compound word derived from 'μόνος' (monos), meaning 'alone' or 'only', and 'ἀρχή' (archē), meaning 'rule' or 'beginning'. It refers to those who hold sole power or authority. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the power of monarchs' or 'the decree of rulers'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΝ, ΑΡΧΟΝΤΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΜΟΝΑΡΧΗΣ (monarchēs) is a compound of two Greek words: μόνος (monos), meaning 'alone' or 'only', and ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'rule', 'dominion', or 'beginning'. It describes a single individual holding supreme power.
G1413
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: doo-nas-TEH-ee-as
Translations: of power, of dominion, of might, of authority, of rule, of a dynasty
Notes: This word refers to power, dominion, or authority, often implying a position of rule or a dynasty. It describes the inherent ability to exert control or influence. It is used in contexts where strength, might, or a ruling force is being discussed.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΕΩΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ
Etymology: The word 'δυναστεία' (dynasteia) comes from 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able, to have power'. It refers to the state or quality of having power or dominion.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral
Sounds like: AI
Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11
Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)
Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.
G2413
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ee-eh-RAI
Translations: holy, sacred, a holy, a sacred
Notes: This word describes something as holy, sacred, or consecrated, often in a religious context. It can refer to places, objects, or persons set apart for divine use or worship. It is a compound word, but its root is ἹΕΡΟΣ. In the provided examples, it is used to describe 'hands' (χερσίν) as 'sacred' or 'holy'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ
G0976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEE-bloy
Translations: books, scrolls, volumes
Notes: This word refers to books, scrolls, or volumes. It is the plural form of the noun 'βίβλος' (biblos), which originally referred to papyrus or paper, and later to a written document or book. It is commonly used to refer to collections of writings, such as the books of the Bible.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΑΙ, ΤΟΜΟΙ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tone
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) everyone, (of) everything, (of) the whole
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for a plural group, signifying 'of all' or 'belonging to all'. It can refer to people, things, or concepts, encompassing a complete set or totality.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-oo-see
Translations: they have, they possess, they hold, they are holding
Notes: This word means 'they have' or 'they possess'. It is the third person plural present active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), which means 'to have' or 'to hold'. It is used to indicate that a group of people or things currently possess or hold something.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΤΩ͂ΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΈΧΩ, ΚΈΚΤΗΜΑΙ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-AY-sane
Translations: to make, to do, to produce, to create, to perform
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It is used to describe the act of bringing something into existence, performing an action, or carrying out a task. It can also mean to produce or create. For example, it can be used in phrases like 'to make a covenant' or 'to do good works'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΤΙΖΩ
G0746
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-KHEE
Translations: beginning, a beginning, rule, a rule, ruler, a ruler, first, origin, a first, a ruler, dominion, a dominion, principality, a principality
Notes: This word refers to the beginning of something, the first in a series, or the origin. It can also denote a position of authority, rule, or dominion, and by extension, the person holding such authority (a ruler or magistrate). It is used to describe the starting point of time, a sequence, or a source of power.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΡΧΗ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ergʰ-, meaning 'to begin, rule'. It is related to words signifying 'first' or 'chief'.
G2477
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: his-to-REE-as
Translations: of history, of an inquiry, of a narrative, of a story
Notes: This word refers to a narrative of past events, a story, or an account. It can also denote an inquiry or investigation, particularly into past events. In a sentence, it would typically be used to refer to the subject matter of historical study or a specific historical account.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΗΓΗΣΙΣ, ΑΦΗΓΗΣΙΣ, ΛΟΓΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'Ιστορία' (historia) comes from the Ancient Greek 'ἵστωρ' (hístōr), meaning 'wise man', 'witness', or 'judge'. It originally referred to learning or knowing by inquiry, and later evolved to mean the account of such inquiries, particularly historical ones.
G1861
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ang-GEI-lah-men
Translations: I promised, I announced, I proclaimed, I declared
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to promise,' 'to announce,' or 'to proclaim.' It is often used in the context of making a solemn declaration or a commitment. It can refer to a promise made by God or by humans, or to the announcement of good news.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΥΠΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΔΙΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-goh
Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean
Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.
G1211
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: DAY
Translations: now, indeed, then, already, certainly, truly, come, go to
Notes: This word is an indeclinable particle used to give emphasis, urgency, or to mark a transition in discourse. It can express a sense of 'now' or 'already', or it can be used to urge someone to action, similar to 'come on' or 'go to'. It often adds a sense of immediacy or certainty to a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΓΕ, ΝΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to emphasize or urge.
G2292
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: thar-SEE-sas
Translations: having taken courage, having been bold, having been confident, having been encouraged
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having taken courage' or 'having been bold'. It describes an action that has been completed prior to the main verb of the sentence, often indicating the cause or circumstance of the main action. It implies a state of confidence or boldness that leads to a subsequent action.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΗΣΑΣ, ΕΝΘΑΡΡΥΝΘΕΙΣ
G2235
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AY-day
Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now
Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G4388
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pro-teh-THEN-ton
Translations: (of) those set forth, (of) those proposed, (of) those displayed, (of) those placed before
Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle, genitive plural, of the verb προτίθημι (protithēmi). It refers to things or people that have been previously set forth, proposed, or displayed. It is used to describe something that has been put forward or presented for consideration or view.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΚΕΙΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΡΟΒΛΗΘΕΝΤΩΝ
G4930
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soon-teh-LEH-ee-an
Translations: end, completion, consummation, close, a completion, an end
Notes: This word refers to the end or completion of a period of time or a process. It often implies a finality or a bringing to a close. It can be used to describe the end of an age, the completion of a task, or the consummation of an event.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΑΠΟΤΕΛΕΣΜΑ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3367
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: may-DEHSS
Translations: no one, nothing, none, no, not any
Notes: This word is a compound of the negative particle 'ΜΗ' (not) and the numeral 'ΕΙΣ' (one). It functions as a negative pronoun meaning 'no one' or 'nothing', or as a negative adjective meaning 'no' or 'not any'. It is used to express a prohibition or a hypothetical negative statement, often in contexts where a specific action or entity is being denied or excluded.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝ
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AHN
Translations: if, ever, might, would, should
Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.
G2087
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EH-teh-ross
Translations: other, another, different, a different
Notes: This word means 'other' or 'another', specifically implying a qualitative difference or a different kind, as opposed to 'allos' which means 'another of the same kind'. It is used to distinguish one thing from another that is distinct in nature or type. For example, 'a different man' or 'another kind of thing'.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This word inflects for gender, number, and case.
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'different'. It is related to Latin 'alter' and English 'other'.
G1410
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-dy-nee-THEH
Translations: he was able, she was able, it was able, he could, she could, it could
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. It describes someone or something possessing the capability or strength to perform an action. In this form, it indicates that a past action was successfully accomplished or that the subject had the capacity to do something.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ
G2309
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: the-LEE-sas
Translations: having willed, having desired, having wished, having wanted
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'θέλω' (thelo), meaning 'to will,' 'to wish,' 'to desire,' or 'to want.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It indicates someone who has performed the action of willing or desiring. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the one having willed' or 'because he willed.'
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΥΔΟΚΕΩ
G3383
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: MAY-teh
Translations: neither, nor
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to connect two or more negative clauses or phrases. It often appears in a series, meaning 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It emphasizes the exclusion of all listed possibilities.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ, ΟΥΤΕ
Etymology: From the negative particle ΜΗ (mē) and the enclitic particle ΤΕ (te), which means 'and'. It is used to connect negative clauses.
G2453
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-yoss
Translations: Jewish, a Jew, a Judean, a Judean man
Notes: This word refers to someone who is Jewish, either by ethnicity or religion, or a resident of Judea. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as 'Jewish' or as a noun to refer to 'a Jew' or 'a Judean'. In the New Testament, it often distinguishes between those who follow Jewish law and customs and those who do not.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΣ
Etymology: From the Hebrew word 'Yehudah' (Judah), referring to the tribe of Judah or the region of Judea. It came to denote a member of the Jewish people.
G0246
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: AL-lo-foo-loss
Translations: foreign, a foreigner, alien, a Philistine, another race
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'allos' (other) and 'phylon' (tribe or race). It refers to someone of another tribe, race, or nation, hence a foreigner or alien. In some contexts, particularly in the Septuagint, it specifically refers to a Philistine. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as foreign, or as a noun to refer to a foreigner.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΣ, ΑΛΛΟΓΕΝΗΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἄλλος (allos, “other”) and φυλή (phylē, “tribe, race”). It describes someone belonging to a different tribe or nation.
G4234
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: prahg-mah-TEH-ee-ahn
Translations: business, affair, undertaking, matter, a business, an affair, an undertaking, a matter
Notes: This word refers to a matter, affair, or undertaking, often implying a task, business, or something that is done or dealt with. It can describe a specific activity, a course of action, or a general state of affairs. It is used to denote something that is carried out or engaged in.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΥΠΟΘΕΣΙΣ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOW-teen
Translations: this, that, this one, that one
Notes: ΤΑΥΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥ͂ΤΟΣ. It is used to point out something specific, often something near the speaker or something that has just been mentioned. It functions like 'this' or 'that' in English, and as an accusative, it typically serves as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G0199
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ak-ree-BOHSS
Translations: exactly, accurately, precisely, strictly, diligently, carefully
Notes: This word means 'exactly,' 'accurately,' or 'precisely.' It is used to describe an action performed with great care, strictness, or without deviation. It emphasizes the precision or thoroughness of an action or statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΚΡΙΒΩΣΤΕΡΟΝ, ἈΚΡΙΒΕΣΤΑΤΑ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G1672
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HEL-lay-nas
Translations: Greeks, a Greek, a Gentile
Notes: This word refers to a Greek person, someone of Greek descent or culture. In a broader sense, especially in the New Testament, it can also refer to a Gentile, distinguishing them from Jews. It is used to describe people who are not Jewish, often implying a non-Christian or pagan background in a religious context. This specific form is the masculine accusative plural.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΘΝΙΚΟΣ, ΕΘΝΟΣ
G1627
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-en-ENG-kain
Translations: to bring out, to carry out, to lead out, to take out, to produce, to bear fruit
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ekpherō'. It means to bring something or someone out from a place, to carry something forth, or to lead someone out. It can also be used metaphorically to mean to produce or yield something, like fruit from a tree, or to bring forth a result. In a sentence, it would function as an infinitive, often following another verb or expressing purpose.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΞΑΓΩ, ΑΝΑΦΕΡΩ, ΠΡΟΑΓΩ
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-oh
Translations: have, hold, possess, keep, be able, be in a state of
Notes: This word means "to have" or "to hold." It is a very common verb used to express possession, to describe a state or condition, or to indicate that one is holding something. It can also be used in a broader sense to mean "to be able" or "to be in a certain state."
Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood
Synonyms: ΚΤΆΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΈΧΩ, ἜΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- 'to hold, to have'. It is cognate with Latin 'habeo' (to have) and English 'seek'.
G3670
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle
Sounds like: oh-moh-loh-GOO-meh-non
Translations: confessed, acknowledged, agreed upon, undisputed, a confessed thing, an acknowledged thing, an agreed upon thing, an undisputed thing
Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'homologeo', meaning 'to confess' or 'to agree'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been confessed, acknowledged, or agreed upon. It can also be used substantively, referring to 'that which is confessed' or 'that which is agreed upon'. It implies a general consensus or a widely accepted truth.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΣΥΜΦΩΝΟΣ, ΟΜΟΛΟΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΗΣ
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: pah-RAH
Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.
G3662
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ho-mo-ETH-non
Translations: of the same nation, of the same people, fellow countrymen
Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'of the same nation' or 'of the same people'. It refers to individuals who share a common ethnic or national background. It is used to describe people who are fellow countrymen or belong to the same race or tribe.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ΟΜΟ- (homo-), meaning 'same' or 'like', and ΕΘΝΟΣ (ethnos), meaning 'nation' or 'people'.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: PLAY-ston
Translations: most, very much, the greatest part, the majority, most of all, especially
Notes: This word is the superlative form of 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, it means 'most' or 'the greatest part/majority'. As an adverb, it means 'most of all' or 'especially'. It is used to indicate the highest degree or quantity of something.
Inflection: Superlative, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΛΕΙΩΝ
G2036
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ep-ee-KHO-ree-on
Translations: native, local, indigenous, a native, a local
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is native to a particular place or country, or that is local to a specific region. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and 'χώρα' (country, land, region), literally meaning 'upon the land'. It is used to distinguish something or someone as belonging to the place in question, as opposed to being foreign or from elsewhere.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ἘΓΧΩΡΙΟΣ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΧΘΩΝ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΧΩΡΙΟΣ is derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the noun χώρα (chora), meaning 'land', 'country', or 'region'. It refers to that which is 'on the land' or 'belonging to the land'.
G3809
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: py-DEH-yah
Translations: discipline, instruction, training, correction, punishment, a discipline, an instruction
Notes: This word refers to the training and education of children, which often includes correction and discipline. It encompasses the entire process of moral and intellectual development, aiming to shape character and behavior. It can be used in contexts referring to both positive instruction and corrective punishment.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ, ΝΟΥΘΕΣΙΑ, ΕΛΕΓΜΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word 'παιδεύω' (paideuō), meaning 'to train a child', which in turn comes from 'παῖς' (pais), meaning 'child'. It refers to the upbringing and education of children.
G1308
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-FEH-rin
Translations: to differ, to excel, to carry through, to be better, to be of more value, to be distinct
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb διαφέρω (diapherō). It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. Depending on the context, it can mean 'to carry through', 'to differ', 'to be distinct', 'to excel', or 'to be of more value'. For example, it can be used to say that one thing differs from another, or that someone excels in a particular area.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ
Etymology: The word διαφέρω (diapherō) is a compound verb derived from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. Its meaning evolved from 'carrying through' to 'differing' or 'excelling'.
G1676
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hel-lay-nee-KOHN
Translations: of Greek, of the Greeks, Greek
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'Greek' or 'Hellenic'. It describes something belonging to or characteristic of the Greeks or Greek culture. It can be used to refer to people, customs, language, or anything associated with Greece.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
G1121
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: grahm-MAH-tohn
Translations: of letters, of writings, of documents, of scriptures, of a writing, of a document, of a letter
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'γραμμα' (gramma). It refers to written characters, letters of the alphabet, or more broadly, written documents, scriptures, or literature. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'of letters' or 'belonging to writings'. In the provided context, 'πόλις γραμμάτων' (polis grammaton) means 'city of writings' or 'city of scribes/scholars', implying a place known for its literacy or written records.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΩΝ, ΓΡΑΦΩΝ
G4704
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: es-poo-DAH-sa
Translations: I hurried, I was diligent, I strove, I made haste, I was eager
Notes: This word describes an action performed with eagerness, diligence, or haste. It implies putting effort into something, striving earnestly, or acting quickly. It is often used to convey a sense of urgency or commitment to a task.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΓΩ, ΤΑΧΥΝΩ, ΣΠΕΥΔΩ
Etymology: The word σπουδάζω (spoudazō) comes from σπουδή (spoudē), meaning 'haste, earnestness, zeal, diligence'.
G3348
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-tas-KHEIN
Translations: to share in, to partake of, to have a share in
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb "μετέχω" (metechō), meaning "to share in" or "to partake of." It is a compound word formed from "μετά" (meta), meaning "with" or "among," and "ἔχω" (echō), meaning "to have" or "to hold." It is used to express the idea of participating in something, having a portion of something, or being associated with something. For example, one might "μετασχεῖν" (metaschein) in a feast, a suffering, or a divine nature.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΩ, ΜΕΤΕΧΩ
G1129
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: grah-mah-tee-KAYN
Translations: grammatical, skilled in letters, pertaining to writing, grammar, a grammar
Notes: This word describes something related to letters, writing, or grammar. It can be used as an adjective meaning 'grammatical' or 'skilled in letters,' or as a noun referring to the study of grammar or the art of writing. It is often used in contexts discussing education, literature, or the proper use of language.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΕΙΑ, ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΕΥΣ
Etymology: Derived from the Greek word ΓΡΑΜΜΑ (GRAMMA), meaning 'letter' or 'something written'. It refers to the art or science of letters and writing.
G1744
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: em-pee-REE-an
Translations: experience, an experience, skill, knowledge
Notes: This word refers to knowledge or skill gained through practice or observation. It denotes practical experience rather than theoretical knowledge. It is often used to describe someone who has gained proficiency in a particular area through repeated exposure or involvement.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΤΕΧΝΗ
G0353
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: ah-nah-lah-BOHN
Translations: taking up, having taken up, receiving, assuming, picking up, restoring
Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb ἀναλαμβάνω. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and λαμβάνω (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take up, pick up, or receive something, often implying an action of lifting or resuming. It can also mean to assume a role or to restore something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΡΩ
G4392
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-fo-RAHN
Translations: utterance, a word, a saying, a declaration, a pronunciation, a delivery
Notes: This word refers to the act of uttering or speaking, or to the thing that is uttered, such as a word, saying, or declaration. It can also refer to the manner of pronunciation or delivery. It is used in contexts where speech or vocal expression is central.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΡΗΜΑ, ΦΩΝΗ
G0001
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-kree-BEY-ahn
Translations: exactness, accuracy, precision, a precision, an exactness
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being exact, precise, or accurate. It is used to describe a state of strictness, thoroughness, or carefulness in detail, often implying a lack of error or ambiguity.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΚΡΙΒΗΣ, ΑΚΡΙΒΩΣ
G3967
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-tree-oss
Translations: of a father, ancestral, traditional, hereditary, native, national, a father's
Notes: This word describes something that pertains to a father, or is inherited from ancestors, thus meaning ancestral, traditional, or native. It is often used to refer to customs, laws, or traditions that have been passed down through generations within a family or a nation. For example, one might speak of "ancestral customs" or "native land."
Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, or Dative; Singular or Plural (declines like a 2nd declension adjective)
Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΩΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ, ΠΑΛΑΙΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word ΠΑΤΗΡ (patēr), meaning 'father'. The suffix -ιος (-ios) forms adjectives indicating belonging or origin, thus 'belonging to a father' or 'from a father'.
G2967
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-OH-loo-sen
Translations: he hindered, he prevented, he forbade, he restrained
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hinder,' 'to prevent,' 'to forbid,' or 'to restrain.' It describes an action of stopping or prohibiting something or someone from doing something. It is used in the past tense, indicating that the action of hindering or preventing has already occurred.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΑΠΟΚΩΛΥΩ
Etymology: The word κωλύω (kōlyō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to cut off' or 'to check.'
G4914
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soon-AY-thee-ah
Translations: custom, habit, practice, a custom, a habit, a practice
Notes: This word refers to a custom, habit, or practice that is established through repeated action or tradition. It describes something that is commonly done or observed, whether by an individual or a community. It can be used to speak of a personal routine or a societal norm.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΘΟΣ, ΕΙΩΘΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΔΟΣΙΣ
Etymology: From σύν (syn, 'with') and ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), referring to something that is done together or has become a shared practice.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: pa-RAH
Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a
Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G0001
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-DEH-khon-tai
Translations: receive, accept, welcome, approve, acknowledge
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai, 'to receive, accept'). It means to receive or accept something, often with approval or welcome. It can be used to describe the act of taking something into one's possession, or more broadly, to approve of an idea, person, or action. For example, one might 'receive' a guest or 'accept' a teaching.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ἀποδέχομαι is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to take'. The prefix ἀπό intensifies or modifies the action of receiving, often implying a full or complete acceptance.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LOHN
Translations: of many, of much
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'many' or 'much'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions, translating to 'of many' or 'of much' depending on the context.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ
G1484
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ETH-nohn
Translations: of nations, of Gentiles, of peoples, of the nations, of the Gentiles, of the peoples
Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people, or a group of people, often specifically used in the New Testament to refer to non-Jewish people, i.e., the Gentiles. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of nations' or 'of Gentiles'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ
G1258
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-ah-LEK-ton
Translations: dialect, language, speech, a dialect, a language, a speech
Notes: This word refers to a specific form of language, a way of speaking, or a particular tongue. It can denote a regional or social variety of a language, or simply the act of speaking.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΛΩΣΣΑ, ΛΑΛΙΑ, ΦΩΝΗ
G1621
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-ma-THON-tas
Translations: having learned thoroughly, having ascertained, having learned well, having understood
Notes: This word is a compound verb, combining 'ἐκ' (out of, from) and 'μανθάνω' (to learn). It means to learn thoroughly, to ascertain, or to understand completely. It implies a deep and comprehensive acquisition of knowledge or skill, often through diligent study or experience. It is used to describe someone who has fully grasped a subject or skill.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G2839
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: KOY-non
Translations: common, shared, public, a common thing, the common thing, a community, the community
Notes: This word refers to something that is common, shared, or public. As an adjective, it describes something belonging to or used by all. As a neuter noun, it can refer to a common thing, a public matter, or even a community or commonwealth.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom-yos, meaning 'common, shared'. It is related to the idea of 'togetherness' or 'fellowship'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to be'. It expresses existence, identity, or a state of being. It can also be used to indicate purpose or result, especially when preceded by the genitive article 'τοῦ' (tou), in which case it can be translated as 'in order to be' or 'for the purpose of being'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active. Does not inflect for person, number, gender, or case.
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G3543
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: noh-MI-zane
Translations: to think, to suppose, to believe, to consider, to practice, to observe
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to think', 'to suppose', 'to believe', or 'to consider'. It can also mean 'to practice' or 'to observe' in the sense of customary or legal practice. It is often used to express an opinion or a customary action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ
Etymology: From νόμος (nomos, 'custom, law'), meaning to do according to custom or law, hence to consider or believe as customary.
G2039
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-ee-TAY-deoo-mah
Translations: practice, a practice, custom, a custom, pursuit, a pursuit, deed, a deed
Notes: This word refers to a practice, custom, or pursuit. It can describe an activity or a way of life. In many contexts, especially biblical ones, it carries a negative connotation, referring to wicked deeds, evil practices, or corrupt customs.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΕΘΟΣ
Etymology: This word comes from the verb ἐπιτηδεύω (epitēdeuō), meaning 'to pursue, practice, or cultivate'.
G3440
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: MO-non
Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary
Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ
G1658
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-LEF-theh-roys
Translations: free, a free person, a free man, those who are free
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is free, not in bondage, or independent. It can refer to a person who is not a slave, or to a state of being unconstrained. It is often used to distinguish between those who are free citizens and those who are slaves or foreigners. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of freedom.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΝΟΜΟΣ, ἈΝΕΞΑΡΤΗΤΟΣ
G5177
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ty-KHOO-sin
Translations: they obtain, they happen, they meet, they receive, they get, they attain
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to obtain' or 'to happen upon'. It is often used to describe the act of acquiring something, whether by chance or by effort, or to indicate that something occurs or comes to pass. It can also mean to meet someone or something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G3610
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-KEH-tohn
Translations: of servants, of household servants, of slaves
Notes: This word refers to household servants or slaves. It is used to describe individuals who are part of a household and serve its members, often in a position of servitude or bondage. It is a compound word derived from 'οἶκος' (house) and 'ἔχω' (to have/hold), literally meaning 'one who holds the house' or 'one belonging to the house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΩΝ, ΘΕΡΑΠΟΝΤΩΝ
G2309
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: theh-LOO-see
Translations: they want, they wish, they desire, they intend, they are willing
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to want,' 'to wish,' 'to desire,' 'to intend,' or 'to be willing.' It is used to express a person's will, intention, or desire to do something. It often takes an infinitive to complete its meaning, indicating what someone wants to do.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Present Indicative Active
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ
G3441
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MO-noys
Translations: only, alone, solitary, by themselves, to them alone, to them only
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'only' or 'alone'. It is used to indicate exclusivity or singularity. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative plural, meaning 'to them alone' or 'only to them', emphasizing that the action or state applies solely to the specified group.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΣ
G4678
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: so-fee-AN
Translations: wisdom, a wisdom
Notes: This word refers to wisdom, skill, or knowledge. It is often used in a broad sense to denote practical insight, intellectual understanding, or divine wisdom. It functions as a direct object in a sentence when in the accusative case.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΗ
G3140
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mar-too-ROO-sin
Translations: they testify, they bear witness, they give evidence
Notes: This word means to bear witness, to testify, or to give evidence. It is used to describe the act of providing testimony or confirmation about a fact, event, or truth. It implies a declaration based on personal knowledge or observation, often in a legal or formal context, but also in a general sense of affirming something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ
G3551
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: NOH-mee-mah
Translations: lawful, legal, customary, ordinances, statutes, laws, a lawful thing, lawful things
Notes: This word refers to things that are lawful, legal, or customary. It can describe actions or objects that are in accordance with established law, custom, or tradition. When used as a noun, it often refers to specific laws, statutes, or ordinances.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΙ, ΔΙΚΑΙΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΑΙ
Etymology: The word derives from the Greek word ΝΟΜΟΣ (nomos), meaning 'law' or 'custom'.
G4680
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: SAH-fohs
Translations: clearly, plainly, distinctly, evidently, certainly
Notes: This word is an adverb that describes an action or state as being done or existing in a clear, plain, or distinct manner. It emphasizes the lack of ambiguity or obscurity in something. It can be used to indicate that something is easily understood or perceived.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΗΛΩΣ, ΕΝΑΡΓΩΣ, ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣ
G1987
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ep-is-TAH-men-oys
Translations: knowing, understanding, being skilled, being acquainted with, being familiar with
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'epistamai', meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. It describes someone who is in the state of knowing or understanding something, or who is skilled or familiar with a subject. It can be used to refer to those who are knowledgeable about a particular matter.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Dative
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΙΔΟΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΕΣ
G2413
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: hee-eh-RON
Translations: (of) holy, (of) sacred, (of) consecrated, (of) a holy thing, (of) sacred things, (of) holy places
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'holy' or 'sacred'. It describes something belonging to or associated with the divine, a temple, or religious rites. It can also function as a noun in the genitive plural, referring to 'holy things' or 'sacred places'. It is often used to describe objects, places, or actions that are set apart for religious purposes.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Synonyms: ΑΓΙΩΝ, ΟΣΙΩΝ
Etymology: The word ἱερός (hieros) comes from an ancient root meaning 'sacred' or 'holy', often associated with that which is set apart for a deity or religious use. It is related to the concept of sacrifice and divine power.
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DY-na-min
Translations: power, might, strength, ability, miracle
Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength. It can also denote miraculous power or a mighty work. It is used to describe the capacity to perform something, whether physical, moral, or spiritual.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
G2059
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: her-may-NEV-sai
Translations: to interpret, to explain, to translate
Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive form of the verb 'hermēneuō'. It means 'to interpret', 'to explain', or 'to translate'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun and can be used to express purpose, result, or as the object of another verb, similar to 'to do' in English.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΩ, ΕΞΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
G1410
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-noys
Translations: being able, able, powerful, mighty, capable, having power
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something as 'being able' or 'powerful'. It can also be used substantively, meaning 'those who are able' or 'the powerful ones'. It describes a state of capability or strength.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΙ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΟΝΤΕΣ
G4192
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: po-nee-SAN-ton
Translations: of those who toiled, of those who labored, of those who worked hard, of those who suffered
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'poneō', meaning 'to toil' or 'to labor'. It describes the action of working hard or enduring hardship. As a genitive plural, it typically functions to indicate possession or origin, often translated as 'of those who...' or 'belonging to those who...'. It can refer to people who have exerted significant effort or experienced suffering.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΠΙΑΩ
G0778
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: as-KAY-sin
Translations: training, discipline, exercise, practice
Notes: This word refers to a rigorous training or discipline, often in a physical or moral sense. It implies a systematic practice or exercise aimed at achieving proficiency or a particular state. It can be used to describe military training, athletic exercise, or even spiritual discipline.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΙΔΕΙΑ, ΓΥΜΝΑΣΙΑ
G3433
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MOH-lees
Translations: with difficulty, scarcely, hardly, barely, just, only just
Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates something is done with great effort or difficulty, or that it happens only just in time or to a very limited extent. It can convey the idea of something barely happening or being achieved. For example, 'he barely escaped' or 'they arrived only just'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΩΣ, ΣΧΕΔΟΝ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word μόλος (molos), meaning 'toil' or 'struggle'.
G1417
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: DEE-oh
Translations: two
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'two'. It is used to indicate a quantity of two of something. It is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'two'.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TI-nes
Translations: some, certain ones, who, what
Notes: This word is an indefinite pronoun meaning 'some' or 'certain ones'. It can also function as an interrogative pronoun, asking 'who?' or 'what?' in the plural. Its meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
G2228, G3588
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G5140
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: TREES
Translations: three
Notes: ΤΡΕΙΣ is the cardinal number 'three'. It is used to denote a quantity of three units. As a declinable numeral, its form changes according to the gender and case of the noun it modifies. This specific form, ΤΡΕΙΣ, is used for masculine and feminine nouns in the nominative and accusative plural cases.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'three'.
G2720
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tor-THOH-san
Translations: they accomplished, they succeeded, they achieved, they brought to a successful issue
Notes: This word means to accomplish, succeed, or achieve something. It describes the act of bringing a task or endeavor to a successful conclusion or completion. It is often used in contexts where a goal or objective has been met.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΟΡΘΟΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and ΟΡΘΟΩ (orthoō), meaning 'to make straight' or 'to set right'. Together, they convey the idea of setting something completely straight or bringing it to a correct and successful conclusion.
G3449
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-nohn
Translations: of toils, of labors, of pains, of sufferings, of distresses
Notes: ΠΟΝΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΠΟΝΟΣ. It refers to the state or experience of intense physical or mental effort, hardship, or suffering. It is often used to describe the difficulties or pains one endures. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or relation, meaning 'of toils' or 'of pains'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΟΠΟΣ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΟΔΥΝΗ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-pee-kar-PEE-an
Translations: fruit, a fruit, harvest, a harvest, profit, a profit, gain, a gain
Notes: This word refers to the fruit, produce, or outcome of something, often implying a beneficial result or profit derived from labor or effort. It can be used to describe the literal produce of the earth or the figurative results of actions and endeavors.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΡΠΟΣ, ΟΦΕΛΟΣ, ΚΕΡΔΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΚΑΡΠΙΑ (epikarpia) is derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and καρπός (karpos), meaning 'fruit' or 'produce'. It literally means 'that which is upon the fruit' or 'that which comes as fruit'.
G2112
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: YOO-thoos
Translations: immediately, at once, straightway, forthwith
Notes: This word functions as an adverb, indicating that something happens without delay or directly. It is used to express immediacy in time, meaning 'at once' or 'straightway'. It can also refer to a direct path or manner, meaning 'straight' or 'directly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the Greek word εὐθύς (euthys), meaning 'straight' or 'direct'. It developed into an adverb indicating immediacy.
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-LAH-bon
Translations: I took, they took, I received, they received, I seized, they seized
Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take', 'to receive', or 'to seize'. The ending '-ον' indicates that it can be either the first person singular ('I took/received/seized') or the third person plural ('they took/received/seized'). The aorist tense describes a simple, completed action in the past, without emphasis on its duration or repetition. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'they took the book' or 'I received the message'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΡΕΩ
G2481
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: EE-sohs
Translations: perhaps, possibly, it may be, perchance
Notes: This word is an adverb used to express possibility or uncertainty. It indicates that something is likely or probable, but not definite. It can be used to introduce a conjecture or a hesitant statement, often translated as 'perhaps' or 'possibly' in English.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΤΑΧΑ, ΠΟΥ
Etymology: From the adjective ἴσος (ísos), meaning 'equal' or 'like'. The adverbial form suggests 'in an equal manner' or 'equally likely'.
G2189
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ep-IF-tho-non
Translations: enviable, an enviable thing, an object of envy, invidious, hateful, odious, resented
Notes: This word describes something that is an object of envy or ill-will, often because it is too good, too successful, or too prominent. It can mean something that causes resentment or is disliked. It is used to describe things or situations that are likely to provoke envy or jealousy in others.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΦΘΟΝΕΡΟΣ, ΜΙΣΗΤΟΣ, ἈΠΕΧΘΗΣ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΦΘΟΝΟΣ is a compound word derived from the preposition ἘΠΙ (upon, over) and the noun ΦΘΟΝΟΣ (envy, jealousy, ill-will). It literally means 'upon which envy falls' or 'subject to envy'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: GEH-noi-toh
Translations: let it be, may it be, so be it, amen
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to become' or 'to happen'. In this specific form, it is in the optative mood, which expresses a wish, a prayer, or a strong desire. It is often translated as 'let it be' or 'may it happen', similar to the English 'amen' when used to affirm a statement or prayer.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Optative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ἘΙΗ, ΓΕΝΗΘΗΤΩ
Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'.
G1085
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: geh-NOOS
Translations: of race, of kind, of family, of nation, of offspring, of stock
Notes: This word refers to a group of people sharing common ancestry, characteristics, or origin. It can also refer to a species, type, or class of things. It is often used to describe a lineage, a people group, or a category.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: too-MOO
Translations: (of) my, (of) mine
Notes: This word is a contraction of the genitive definite article τοῦ (tou) and the genitive personal pronoun ἐμοῦ (emou), meaning 'my' or 'mine'. It is used to indicate possession, similar to the English possessive adjectives 'my' or 'mine'. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the sword of mine' or 'my sword'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, All genders
G0979
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEE-on
Translations: life, a life, livelihood, a livelihood, property, a property
Notes: This word refers to life, especially in its physical sense, or the means by which one lives, such as one's livelihood or property. It can describe the duration of life, the manner of life, or the resources needed for life. In the provided examples, it is used to refer to one's entire life or the means of life.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΨΥΧΗ
G4234
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PRAX-eh-ohn
Translations: (of) deeds, (of) acts, (of) actions, (of) practices
Notes: This word refers to actions, deeds, or practices. It is often used to describe significant or notable actions, such as the acts of apostles or the deeds of a person. It can also refer to the practical application of something, or a course of action.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΩΝ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΩΝ
G1024
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: bra-KHEH-ah
Translations: short, brief, a short time, a brief time, a little while, a little
Notes: This word describes something as being short in duration or extent, or small in quantity. It can refer to a short period of time, a small amount, or something that is concise. It is often used in the neuter plural form to mean 'brief things' or 'a short time'.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΜΙΚΡΟΣ
G1330
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eks-el-THAYN
Translations: to go through, to pass through, to relate in detail, to recount, to explain, to describe fully
Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive form of the verb ΔΙΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, meaning 'to go through' or 'to pass through'. It is often used in the sense of going through something thoroughly, such as a narrative or an account, thus meaning 'to relate in detail' or 'to recount'. It can also imply explaining something fully.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through', and ἐξέρχομαι (exerchomai), meaning 'to go out'. The latter is itself a compound of ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.
G2193
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: EH-ohs
Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.
G2198
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ZOHN-tas
Translations: living, the living, those who are living
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'to live'. It describes someone or something that is currently alive. It is often used substantively, meaning it functions like a noun, referring to 'the living ones' or 'those who are alive'. It can be used in various contexts to distinguish between the living and the dead.
Inflection: Present, Active, Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΜΨΥΧΟΣ, ΕΝΖΩΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΖΑΩ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to live' or 'to be alive'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, indicating the state of being alive.
G1651
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-LENG-xon-tas
Translations: those who will convict, those who will expose, those who will rebuke, those who will reprove, those who will refute
Notes: This word is a future active participle, indicating an action that will happen in the future. It describes someone who will convict, expose, rebuke, or refute. It functions like an adjective or noun, describing the ones who are going to perform the action of 'exposing' or 'convicting'.
Inflection: Future Active Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΜΑΩ, ΕΛΕΓΜΟΣ, ΕΠΙΠΛΗΞΙΣ
Etymology: The word ἐλέγχω (elegchō) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to put to the test, to examine, to prove'. It is related to the idea of bringing something to light or demonstrating its truth or falsehood.
G3140
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mar-too-RAY-son-tas
Translations: who will bear witness, who will testify, who will give testimony
Notes: This is a future active participle, accusative masculine plural form of the verb 'μαρτυρέω' (martyreō), meaning 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'. It describes those who are going to perform the action of testifying. It is used to indicate a future action of witnessing or giving testimony.
Inflection: Future, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΣΥΜΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G5124
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toys
Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ
G2664
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-PAH-oo-soh
Translations: I will cause to cease, I will make to rest, I will stop, I will put an end to, I will give rest
Notes: This word means to cause something to cease, to bring to an end, or to give rest. It implies a definitive stopping or completion of an action or state. It is often used in the context of bringing an activity or a period of trouble to a close, or providing a state of rest or cessation.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Future Active Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΑΥΣΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΣΩ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΩ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΠΑΥΩ (PAUO), meaning 'to stop' or 'to cease'. Together, they convey the sense of bringing something to a complete halt or rest.
G0746
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-khai-ol-o-GHEE-an
Translations: archaeology, ancient history, antiquity, an archaeology, an ancient history, an antiquity
Notes: This word refers to the study of ancient things, or the knowledge of ancient history and antiquities. It is used to describe the field of archaeology or historical accounts of the past. In the provided context, it is in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΡΧΑΙΟΤΗΣ, ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑ
Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχαῖος (arkhaios), meaning 'ancient' or 'from the beginning', and -λογία (-logia), meaning 'study' or 'discourse'. It literally means 'the study of ancient things'.
G0976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEE-blee-oys
Translations: to books, in books, on books, by books
Notes: This word refers to books, scrolls, or writings. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating the indirect object or the location/instrument of an action. For example, it could mean 'to books' (as in giving something to books), 'in books' (as in something written in books), 'on books' (as in something placed on books), or 'by means of books'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΑ, ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΑ
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G1501
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: EYE-koh-see
Translations: twenty
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'twenty'. It is used to indicate a quantity of twenty units and is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change based on gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *wikm̥ti, meaning 'twenty'. It is related to Latin viginti and Sanskrit viṃśati.
G4016
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-ee-leem-MEH-neen
Translations: encompassed, contained, included, embraced, a contained (thing), an encompassed (thing)
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been encompassed' or 'having been contained'. It describes something that has been surrounded, included, or taken in. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can act as a verb within a clause, indicating a completed action that affects the subject.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΕΡΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΜΠΕΡΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G1537, G1803
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: eks
Translations: out of, from, by, of, six
Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ
Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.
G3461
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: my-REE-ah-see
Translations: myriad, ten thousand, (in) myriads, (in) ten thousands
Notes: This word refers to a very large, indefinite number, often specifically ten thousand. It is used to describe a countless multitude or a very large quantity of something. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating 'in myriads' or 'with myriads'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΑΝΑΡΙΘΜΗΤΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word μύριοι (myrioi), meaning 'ten thousand' or 'countless'.
G4746
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STEE-khon
Translations: of rows, of lines, of verses, of ranks
Notes: This word refers to a row, line, or series of things, such as a row of stones, a line of text, or a rank of soldiers. It can also refer to a verse in a poem or scripture. In the provided examples, it is used to describe rows of building materials, lines of text, or verses.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΑΞΙΣ, ΣΕΙΡΑ, ΓΡΑΜΜΗ
G2532, G0302
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: KAN
Translations: even if, although, and if, even though, if, though
Notes: ΚἈΝ is a compound word, formed by the contraction of the conjunction ΚΑΙ (and, also, even) and the particle ἈΝ (a conditional or potential particle). It is used to introduce a conditional clause, often with a concessive sense, meaning 'even if' or 'although'. It can also simply mean 'and if' or 'if' in certain contexts, indicating a hypothetical situation.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕἸ ΚΑΙ, ΚΑΙΠΕΡ
G2304
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: THAY-on
Translations: divine, godly, a divine thing, a divine being
Notes: This word describes something as divine or godly, pertaining to God or a god. It can refer to the nature, power, or attributes of a deity, or to something that is sacred or consecrated. When used as a noun, it can refer to a divine being or a divine quality.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΙΕΡΟΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ
G2010
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-TREP-ay
Translations: he may permit, he may allow, he may entrust, he permits, he allows, he entrusts
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to permit,' 'to allow,' or 'to entrust.' It is often used in contexts where permission or authorization is given, or where something is committed to someone's care. For example, it can be used to say 'he allows' or 'he permits' something to happen.
Inflection: Present, Active, Subjunctive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over,' and the verb ΤΡΕΠΩ (trepo), meaning 'to turn.' Thus, it literally means 'to turn over to' or 'to turn upon,' leading to the sense of entrusting or permitting.
G4022
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: peh-ree-droh-MEN
Translations: a running around, a circuit, a course, a revolution
Notes: This word refers to the act of running around something, or the path or course taken in such an action. It can describe a circuit or a revolution, implying movement that returns to or encircles a starting point.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΣ, ΔΡΟΜΟΣ
G5279
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-pom-NEE-soh
Translations: remind, bring to remembrance, put in mind of
Notes: This verb means to remind someone of something, or to bring something to their remembrance. It is often used in the context of recalling past events or teachings to someone's mind. It can be used transitively, taking an object that is being reminded.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ΜΝΗΣΚΩ
Etymology: The word Ὑπομιμνήσκω is a compound word formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by', and the verb μιμνήσκω (mimnēskō), meaning 'to remind' or 'to remember'. The prefix ὑπό here intensifies the action or suggests a subtle or indirect reminder.
G3825
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAH-lin
Translations: again, back, anew, once more, on the other hand, moreover, in turn
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'back'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a contrasting idea, similar to 'on the other hand' or 'moreover'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΥΘΙΣ, ΕΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (to turn, revolve). It refers to a turning back or repetition.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G4171
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-LEH-moo
Translations: (of) war, (of) battle, (of) conflict
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'polemos', meaning 'war' or 'battle'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or separation, often translated with 'of' in English, such as 'of war' or 'from war'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΕΡΙΣ
G3568
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NOON
Translations: now, at present, at this time
Notes: ΝΥΝ is an adverb meaning 'now' or 'at present'. It refers to the current moment in time. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a conclusion in a discourse, indicating a shift to the present situation or a logical consequence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now'. It is cognate with Latin nunc and English 'now'.
G1701
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: eh-nes-TOH-sees
Translations: (of) present, (of) current, (of) imminent, (of) at hand
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to stand in, to be present, to be at hand'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is present, current, or imminent. It refers to the state of being in the present time or being close at hand.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΩΝ, ΝΥΝ
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HEM-eh-ras
Translations: day, a day, of day, of a day, days
Notes: The word refers to a day, a period of 24 hours, or the daylight portion of a day. It is a feminine noun and can be used in various grammatical cases to indicate different relationships in a sentence. For example, it can denote a duration of time (e.g., 'three days') or a point in time (e.g., 'on that day').
Inflection: Feminine, Genitive Singular or Accusative Plural
G3748
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-tis
Translations: who, which, whoever, whichever, whatever
Notes: ΗΤΙΣ is a relative pronoun, used to introduce a clause that describes a preceding noun. It is a compound word formed from the definite article and the indefinite pronoun. It functions similarly to 'who' or 'which' in English, often providing additional information about a person or thing. It is used in a descriptive sense, often emphasizing the quality or characteristic of the antecedent.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the feminine definite article 'ἡ' (he) and the indefinite pronoun 'τις' (tis). It developed in Koine Greek to provide a more emphatic or descriptive relative pronoun than the simple 'ὅς' (hos).
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G5142
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: trees-kahee-DEH-kah-too
Translations: of the thirteenth
Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'thirteenth'. It is used to indicate the ordinal number thirteen, often in reference to a year or a position in a sequence. It is formed from 'τρίς' (thrice), 'καί' (and), and 'δέκα' (ten), literally meaning 'thrice and ten', which forms 'thirteen', and then the ordinal suffix '-τος'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΤΡΙΣΚΑΙΔΕΚΑΤΟΣ is derived from the cardinal number ΤΡΙΣΚΑΙΔΕΚΑ (thirteen), which is a compound of ΤΡΙΣ (thrice), ΚΑΙ (and), and ΔΕΚΑ (ten). The suffix -ΤΟΣ is added to form the ordinal adjective.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: doh-meh-tee-ah-NOO
Translations: of Domitian
Notes: This word refers to Domitian, a Roman Emperor who reigned from 81 to 96 AD. It is used to indicate possession or origin related to him, similar to saying 'Domitian's' or 'belonging to Domitian'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G2541
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KAI-sar-os
Translations: of Caesar
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Caesar'. It refers to the Roman emperor, or more generally, the imperial authority. In the New Testament, it often refers to the reigning emperor, such as Augustus or Tiberius, or the office itself.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Latin 'Caesar', originally a Roman family name, which became a title for the Roman emperors after Julius Caesar. The name's ultimate origin is uncertain, possibly from 'caesaries' (hair) or 'caesus' (cut).
G0746
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-KHEES
Translations: of beginning, of rule, of origin, of first place, of first principle, of chief, of ruler
Notes: This word refers to a beginning, origin, or the first in a series. It can also denote a position of authority, rule, or a ruler. In a sentence, it often indicates the source or starting point of something, or the person/thing in charge. It is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ἀρχή'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ
G1698
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me, (by) me, (with) me
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the first-person personal pronoun 'I'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession, agency, or association, depending on the context and the preposition it might be used with.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Common Gender
Synonyms: ΜΟΙ
G3999
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pen-tay-kos-TOO
Translations: (of) fiftieth
Notes: This word is an ordinal adjective meaning 'fiftieth'. It is used to indicate the position in a sequence, such as 'the fiftieth year' or 'the fiftieth day'. It is often used in contexts referring to dates or numerical order.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Etymology: From the Greek word πεντήκοντα (pentēkonta), meaning 'fifty'.
G1622
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EK-too
Translations: of the sixth, sixth
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'sixth'. It is used to indicate the ordinal position of something, such as the sixth day or the sixth month. It is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'hektos'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: From the Greek word 'hex' (ἕξ), meaning 'six'.
G4264
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-ee-RAY-my
Translations: I have chosen beforehand, I have preferred, I have purposed, I have determined
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to choose beforehand,' 'to prefer,' 'to purpose,' or 'to determine.' It is used to express a decision or intention that has been made prior to an action or event. It can describe a settled conviction or a deliberate choice.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΩ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΘΕΛΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek προ- (pro-, 'before') and αἱρέω (hairéō, 'to take, choose'). It signifies choosing or taking something in advance.
G4863
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soong-GRAHP-sai
Translations: to write, to compose, to compile, to record, to write a history
Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive of the verb 'συγ-γράφω', meaning 'to write together' or 'to compose'. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (with, together) and 'γράφω' (to write). It is used to describe the act of writing, compiling, or composing a text, often a historical account, a book, or a document.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΩ, ΣΥΝΤΑΤΤΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
G2251
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hay-MEH-teh-ras
Translations: of our, of ours
Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'our' or 'ours'. It indicates possession by the first person plural (we). It functions similarly to the English word 'our', modifying a noun to show that something belongs to 'us'. For example, 'our house' or 'our strength'.
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Feminine
G1392
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: dox-AS
Translations: having glorified, glorifying, honoring, exalting, magnifying
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'δοξάζω' (doxazō), meaning 'to glorify' or 'to honor'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed or is ongoing, functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It indicates someone or something that has performed the act of glorifying or honoring.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΑΩ, ΜΕΓΑΛΥΝΩ, ΥΨΟΩ
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-ohn
Translations: of Jews, of the Jews
Notes: This word refers to people from Judea or those who are adherents of Judaism. It is a plural noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Jews' or 'belonging to Jews'. It can be used to describe the people, their customs, or their land.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
G5064
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: TESS-ar-see
Translations: four
Notes: This word means 'four' and is used to indicate a quantity of four. It is a numeral that agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
G0976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEE-bloys
Translations: (to) books, (to) scrolls, (to) records
Notes: This is a noun referring to books, scrolls, or written records. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or the means by which something is done. For example, it could mean 'to books' or 'by means of books'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΑ, ΒΙΒΛΙΑ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G3772
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oo-SEE-as
Translations: of substance, of being, of essence, of property, of wealth
Notes: This word refers to the fundamental nature or essence of something, its true being. It can also denote material possessions or wealth. In a philosophical context, it refers to the underlying reality of a thing. In a practical sense, it can mean one's property or estate. The form provided is genitive, indicating possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΞΙΣ, ΠΕΡΙΟΥΣΙΑ
Etymology: From the present participle feminine of the verb εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It refers to 'being' or 'existence', and by extension, the essential nature of something.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G3551
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NO-mohn
Translations: of laws, of customs, of principles
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΝΟΜΟΣ' (nomos), which means 'law,' 'custom,' or 'principle.' As a genitive plural, 'ΝΟΜΩΝ' indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning multiple laws, customs, or principles. It is often used to specify the source or subject of something, such as 'the book of laws' or 'the authority of laws.'
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΣΜΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑΤΩΝ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition
Sounds like: KAT
Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during
Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G1832
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-ES-tin
Translations: it is lawful, it is permitted, it is possible, it is proper
Notes: This is an impersonal verb, meaning 'it is lawful' or 'it is permitted'. It is often used to express what is permissible or proper according to law, custom, or divine will. It can be followed by an infinitive or a dative case to indicate who is permitted to do something.
Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ἘΝΔΈΧΕΤΑΙ, ΔΥΝΑΤΌΝ ἘΣΤΙΝ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-EH-in
Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.
G2967
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: keh-KOH-loo-tai
Translations: has been hindered, has been forbidden, has been prevented, has been restrained
Notes: This word is a perfect passive indicative verb, meaning that an action has been completed in the past and its result continues into the present, with the subject being the recipient of the action. It signifies that something has been stopped, prohibited, or prevented from happening.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ, ΑΠΟΚΩΛΥΩ
Etymology: The word κωλύω (kōlyō) comes from an uncertain origin, possibly related to κῶλον (kōlon), meaning 'limb' or 'hindrance'.
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