Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Codex Sinaiticus / 2 Corinthians / Chapter 132 Corinthians, Chapter 13
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G2400
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Part of Speech: Interjection, Adverb
Sounds like: ee-DOO
Translations: behold, look, see, lo, here is, here are
Notes: This word is an interjection used to draw attention to something, similar to 'behold' or 'look!' in English. It can introduce a new or important statement, often emphasizing what follows. It can also be used to present something, meaning 'here is' or 'here are'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΡΑ, ΒΛΕΠΕ
Etymology: From the aorist imperative of the verb ΟΡΑΩ (HORAO), meaning 'to see'. It functions as an interjection.
G5154
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Numeral, Noun
Sounds like: TREE-ton
Translations: third, a third, the third part
Notes: This word refers to the ordinal number 'third' in a sequence or series. It can also function as a noun meaning 'a third part' or 'one-third' of something. It is used to indicate position, order, or a fractional amount.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ER-kho-mai
Translations: come, go, arrive, proceed, appear
Notes: This is a very common verb in Koine Greek, meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes movement from one place to another, often implying arrival at a destination. It can be used in various contexts, such as a person coming to a place, an event coming to pass, or a time arriving. It is often used in the middle voice, but with an active meaning.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΑΓΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a deponent verb, meaning it has middle or passive forms but an active meaning. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb of motion.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: EP-ee
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a
Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'
Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.
G4750
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STOH-mah-tos
Translations: mouth, a mouth, (of) mouth, (of) a mouth
Notes: This word refers to the mouth, either literally as a part of the body (of humans or animals) or metaphorically as the source of speech, utterance, or command. It is often used in contexts related to speaking, declaring, or consuming.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΧΕΙΛΟΣ, ΦΩΝΗ
Etymology: The word ΣΤΟΜΑ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *stom-n-, meaning 'mouth'. It is related to words for mouth in other Indo-European languages.
G1417
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: DEE-oh
Translations: two
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'two'. It is used to indicate a quantity of two of something. It is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'two'.
G3144
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mar-TOO-ron
Translations: of witnesses, of martyrs
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'μάρτυς' (martys). It refers to those who bear witness, give testimony, or attest to something. In a broader sense, it can also refer to those who suffer for their beliefs, becoming 'martyrs'. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the testimony of witnesses' or 'the blood of martyrs'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΩΝ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΩΝ
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G5140
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: tree-OHN
Translations: of three
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the numeral 'three'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or a partitive relationship, meaning 'belonging to three' or 'out of three'. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the third day of three' or 'from three months'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar words for 'three' in many other Indo-European languages.
G2476
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: sta-THEE-se-tai
Translations: will stand, will be established, will be appointed, will be made to stand, will be set
Notes: This word is a future passive form of the verb 'histēmi', meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be made to stand' or 'to be established'. It indicates an action that will happen in the future, where the subject will be put into a standing or established position by an external agent.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΕΣΤΑΙ, ΓΕΝΗΣΕΤΑΙ
Etymology: The root verb ἵστημι (histēmi) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to stand' or 'to set up'. It is related to English 'stand' and Latin 'stare'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: PAN
Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole
Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.
G4487
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: RHE-ma
Translations: word, a word, saying, a saying, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, utterance, an utterance
Notes: This word refers to something spoken, an utterance, a saying, or a word. It can also refer to a matter or a thing that is spoken about or decided. It is often used in contexts referring to divine pronouncements or significant statements.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb ῥέω (rheō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to flow'. It refers to that which is spoken or uttered.
G4280
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-EE-ray-kah
Translations: I have said before, I have told beforehand, I have foretold
Notes: This word is a compound verb, meaning 'to say before' or 'to tell beforehand'. It is the first person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb 'προερῶ' (proerō), which combines 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before', with 'ἐρῶ' (erō), meaning 'I will say'. The perfect tense indicates a completed action with ongoing results, so 'I have said before' implies that the statement made previously still holds true or is relevant.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΓΩ, ΠΡΟΦΗΜΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb 'ἐρῶ' (erō), which is the future form of 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. The perfect stem 'εἴρηκα' (eirēka) is used for the perfect tense of 'λέγω' and 'ἐρῶ'.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G4277
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-LEH-goh
Translations: say beforehand, tell beforehand, foretell, predict, warn
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before', and the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It means to say something in advance, to foretell an event, or to give a warning. It is often used in contexts where someone is predicting future events or giving instructions or warnings ahead of time.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΗΤΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΠΡΟΕΙΠΩ
Etymology: A compound word derived from the Greek preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G3918
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: pa-RON
Translations: present, being present, at hand, here, one who is present, a present one
Notes: This word is the masculine singular nominative present active participle of the verb 'πάρειμι' (pareimi), meaning 'to be present' or 'to be at hand'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is currently present or existing in a particular place or time. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the present man'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who is present').
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΕΝΩΝ, ΕΝΔΗΜΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'πάρειμι' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'εἰμί' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Thus, it literally means 'to be alongside' or 'to be present'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G1208
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: DEH-oo-teh-ron
Translations: second, a second
Notes: This word means 'second' and is used to indicate the ordinal position after the first. It can refer to the second in a sequence, rank, or quality. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From a comparative form of the numeral 'duo' (two). It refers to the 'second' in a series or order.
G0005
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle
Sounds like: AH-pohn
Translations: absent, being away, away
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ἀπεῖναι' (apeinai), meaning 'to be away' or 'to be absent'. It describes someone or something that is not present in a particular place or at a particular time. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a substantive, referring to 'the one who is absent' or 'those who are absent'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΧΩΝ, ΕΚΤΟΣ
Etymology: From 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'εἰμί' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It literally means 'to be away from'.
G3568
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NOON
Translations: now, at present, at this time
Notes: ΝΥΝ is an adverb meaning 'now' or 'at present'. It refers to the current moment in time. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a conclusion in a discourse, indicating a shift to the present situation or a logical consequence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now'. It is cognate with Latin nunc and English 'now'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G4260
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: proh-hay-mar-TEE-koh-sin
Translations: (to) those who have sinned before, (to) those who have previously sinned
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having sinned beforehand' or 'having sinned previously'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results. In this dative plural form, it refers to 'to/for those who have sinned beforehand'. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'προ-' (pro-), meaning 'before' or 'previously', and the verb 'ἁμαρτάνω' (hamartanō), meaning 'to sin'.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΗΜΑΡΤΗΚΟΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΗΜΑΡΤΗΚΟΤΩΝ
G3062
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: LOY-poys
Translations: to the rest, to the remaining, to the others, to the residue
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'remaining' or 'the rest'. It is used to refer to what is left over or those who are left behind. In this dative plural form, it indicates the recipients of an action or the group to whom something applies.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΙΣ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΙΣ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sin
Translations: to all, for all, with all, by all, in all
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness, often modifying a noun to show that something applies to every member of a group or every part of a whole. In this dative plural form, it typically translates as 'to all', 'for all', 'with all', or 'in all', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ
Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: el-THOH
Translations: I will come, I will go, I come, I go
Notes: This word is a form of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. ΕΛΘΩ specifically indicates a future action, meaning 'I will come' or 'I will go'. It is used to express movement towards or away from a place or person, often in a context of intention or prediction.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G1519, G1520
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one
Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'
Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).
G3825
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAH-lin
Translations: again, back, anew, once more, on the other hand, moreover, in turn
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'back'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a contrasting idea, similar to 'on the other hand' or 'moreover'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΥΘΙΣ, ΕΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (to turn, revolve). It refers to a turning back or repetition.
G3756, G3757
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when
Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.
G5453
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fee-SOH-my
Translations: I will inflate, I will puff up, I will make proud, I will be puffed up, I will be proud
Notes: This word is the future middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'physao'. It describes the action of inflating something, or metaphorically, of causing someone to become arrogant or proud. In the middle or passive voice, it means to become inflated or to become proud oneself.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑΙΝΩ, ΚΑΥΧΑΟΜΑΙ
G1893
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-PEI
Translations: since, because, for, when, after
Notes: This word functions as a conjunction, introducing clauses that explain the reason or cause for something, similar to 'because' or 'since'. It can also introduce clauses of time, indicating that something happened 'when' or 'after' another event. Its meaning is determined by the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΩΣ
Etymology: From the prefix ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'in the event that', evolving to 'since' or 'because'.
G1382
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: doh-kee-MEN
Translations: proof, approval, experience, a proof, an approval, an experience
Notes: This word refers to the process of testing or proving something, or the result of such a test, which is approval or demonstrated character. It signifies a state of being approved after examination, or the experience gained through such a process. It is often used in contexts of demonstrating one's character or genuineness through trials.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΣΙΑ, ΠΕΙΡΑ, ΒΑΣΑΝΟΣ
G2212
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: zay-TEH-ee-teh
Translations: you seek, you are seeking, you demand, you require, you desire, you investigate, you try to find
Notes: This word means to seek, search for, or try to find something or someone. It can also imply demanding, requiring, or desiring something. It is used when someone is actively looking for an object, a person, or even a solution to a problem.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Plural; or Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΖΗΤΕΩ, ΕΚΖΗΤΕΩ
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EN
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.
G1698
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me, (by) me, (with) me
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the first-person pronoun 'I'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to me' or 'for me'. It can also express possession, advantage, or the agent in certain constructions, often translated as 'by me' or 'with me'. Its precise meaning depends on the context of the verb or preposition it accompanies.
Inflection: Dative, Singular, First Person
G2980
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: lah-LOON-tos
Translations: of speaking, of talking, of saying, of proclaiming
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'laleō', meaning 'to speak' or 'to talk'. It describes someone who is in the act of speaking or has just spoken. In this form, it is a genitive singular participle, often translated as 'of one speaking' or 'while speaking'. It can refer to a person, a voice, or a message being uttered.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΝΤΟΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΟΣ
G5547
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: khree-STOO
Translations: (of) Christ
Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ (Christou), the genitive form of ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ (Christos). It refers to Jesus Christ, specifically indicating possession or origin, such as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It is commonly used in phrases like 'the grace of Christ' or 'the Spirit of Christ'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G3739
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction
Sounds like: HOS
Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when
Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.
G0770
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: as-THEH-nei
Translations: is weak, is sick, is ill, is infirm, is without strength, is powerless
Notes: This word describes a state of weakness, sickness, or lack of strength. It can refer to physical illness, but also to a general state of being powerless or infirm, often in a moral or spiritual sense. It is used to describe someone who is not strong or capable.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΩΣ ΕΧΕΙ, ΝΟΣΕΙ
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed
Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ
Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.
G1410
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doo-NAH-tay
Translations: is able, can, has power, is strong enough
Notes: This word is the third person singular present active indicative form of the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. It is used to express capability, capacity, or permission. For example, 'he is able' or 'it can'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΕΙ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEEN
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is a second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (plural). It is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G4717
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-tow-ROH-thay
Translations: was crucified, he was crucified, it was crucified
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be crucified'. It describes the act of being put to death on a cross. It is used to refer to someone or something that underwent crucifixion.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: AY
Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be
Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)
Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ
Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.
G1537, G1803
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: eks
Translations: out of, from, by, of, six
Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ
Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.
G0769
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: as-THEH-ni-as
Translations: (of) weakness, (of) infirmity, (of) sickness, (of) disease
Notes: This word refers to a state of weakness, infirmity, or sickness, often implying a lack of strength or vigor, whether physical, mental, or moral. It can describe a general condition of feebleness or a specific illness. It is typically used to denote a state of being unable to perform or endure.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΡΡΩΣΤΙΑ, ΝΟΣΟΣ, ΚΑΚΙΑ
Etymology: Derived from the Greek word 'asthenes' (ἀσθενής), meaning 'weak' or 'without strength', which is a compound of 'a' (ἀ-) meaning 'not' and 'sthenos' (σθένος) meaning 'strength' or 'vigor'.
G2198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ZAY
Translations: live, to live, be alive, to be alive
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ζάω' (zaō), meaning 'to live' or 'to be alive'. It is used to describe the state of being alive or the act of living. In the provided context, it appears to be used in a contrast, such as 'to die or to live'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Subjunctive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΒΙΟΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with
Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-ohs
Translations: of power, of strength, of ability, of might, of a miracle
Notes: This word refers to inherent power, strength, or ability. It can also denote miraculous power or a mighty work. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or a relationship 'of' something, such as 'of power' or 'of strength'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-OO
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MACE
Translations: we
Notes: This word is a first-person plural pronoun, meaning 'we'. It is used as the subject of a sentence or clause, indicating that the action is performed by the speaker and one or more other people. For example, 'we go' or 'we believe'.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, First Person
Etymology: The word 'ΕΓΩ' (ego) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.
G0770
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: as-theh-NOO-men
Translations: we are weak, we are sick, we are ill, we are feeble, we are without strength
Notes: This word describes a state of weakness, illness, or lack of strength. It can refer to physical infirmity, but also to spiritual or moral weakness. It is often used to convey a sense of being powerless or unable to cope.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, First Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΔΥΝΑΤΕΩ, ΑΣΘΕΝΗΣ
Etymology: From the adjective ΑΣΘΕΝΗΣ (asthenes), meaning 'weak, without strength', which is a compound of the negative prefix Α- (a-) and ΣΘΕΝΟΣ (sthenos), meaning 'strength'.
G4862
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: soon
Translations: with, together with, along with
Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.
G2198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: zay-SOH-men
Translations: we will live, we shall live
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to live' or 'to be alive'. In this form, it indicates an action that will happen in the future, specifically by a group of people (we). It is used to express future existence or continuation of life.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Future, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΒΙΟΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ow-TOOS
Translations: themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'themselves'. It is used to refer back to the subject of the sentence or clause, indicating that the action is performed by the subject upon itself. For example, 'they save themselves'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
G3985
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ee-RAH-zeh-teh
Translations: you tempt, you test, you try, you put to the test
Notes: This is a verb meaning to tempt, test, or try. It is used to describe the act of putting someone or something to the proof, often with the intention of discovering their true character, strength, or weakness. It can imply a malicious intent (to tempt to sin) or a neutral one (to test for authenticity).
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΕΚΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ
Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to attempt, to make trial of'. It is related to the word 'πεῖρα' (peira), meaning 'a trial, an attempt, an experience'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-teh
Translations: you are
Notes: This word is a form of the verb "to be" in Koine Greek. It specifically means "you are" when referring to multiple people (plural). It is used to state a fact or condition about the subject, similar to how "are" is used in English.
Inflection: 2nd Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G4102
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PIS-tee
Translations: faith, belief, trust, faithfulness, a faith, a belief, a trust
Notes: This word refers to faith, belief, or trust. It can also denote faithfulness or trustworthiness. It is commonly used in religious contexts to describe belief in God or Christ, but also in secular contexts to describe trust or loyalty between people. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΕΛΠΙΣ, ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΕΜΠΙΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: From the root ΠΕΙΘΩ (peitho), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to be persuaded'. It conveys the idea of being convinced or having confidence in something or someone.
G1381
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-kee-MAH-zeh-teh
Translations: test, examine, prove, discern, approve, put to the test, scrutinize
Notes: This word means to test, examine, or scrutinize something to determine its genuineness, quality, or fitness. It implies a process of evaluation, often with the intent of approving or rejecting based on the results. It can also mean to approve something after it has been tested and found acceptable. It is used in contexts where one is urged to carefully evaluate or discern, such as testing spirits or examining oneself.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Second Person Plural; or Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ, ΕΞΕΤΑΖΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ
G1921
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-gi-NOH-skeh-teh
Translations: you know fully, you recognize, you understand, know fully, recognize, understand
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix ΕΠΙ (EPI), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ (GINOSKO), meaning 'to know'. Together, it signifies a more complete, thorough, or intimate knowledge, often implying recognition or full understanding. It can be used to describe coming to a full realization or acknowledging something completely. This specific form, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΕΤΕ, can be either the present active indicative second person plural ('you all know fully') or the present active imperative second person plural ('know fully!').
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ
Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ is a compound of the preposition ΕΠΙ (EPI), meaning 'upon, over, in addition to', and the verb ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ (GINOSKO), meaning 'to know'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of knowing, suggesting a full or complete knowledge.
G5547
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: khree-STOS
Translations: Christ, the Anointed One, the Messiah
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ (CHRISTOS). It refers to Christ, the Anointed One, or the Messiah. It is primarily used as a title for Jesus, indicating his role as the divinely appointed deliverer.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb χρίω (chrio), meaning 'to anoint'. It refers to someone who has been consecrated or set apart by anointing, a practice common in ancient Israel for kings, priests, and prophets.
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS
Translations: Jesus
Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for ἸΗΣΟΥΣ (Iesous), meaning 'Jesus'. It refers to Jesus of Nazareth, the central figure of Christianity. It is used as the subject of a sentence or when directly naming Jesus.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Jesus' is the Greek form of the Hebrew name 'Yeshua' (Joshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It was a common name in the first century.
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It is commonly used to link a subject to a predicate, describing what the subject is or what state it is in. For example, it can mean 'he is' or 'it is', depending on the context.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G3381, G3382
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Part of Speech: Particle, Noun
Sounds like: MAY-tee
Translations: surely, perhaps, whether, lest, counsel, wisdom, plan, skill
Notes: This word has two primary meanings depending on context. As an interrogative particle (G3381), it is used to introduce a question expecting a negative answer, often translated as 'surely...not?' or 'perhaps'. It can also introduce a question where the answer is uncertain, meaning 'whether' or 'lest'. As a noun (G3382), it refers to 'counsel', 'wisdom', 'plan', or 'skill'. This noun form is typically feminine.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as a noun)
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΣΟΦΙΑ
Etymology: The particle 'μητί' (G3381) is a compound of the negative particle 'μή' (not) and the enclitic interrogative particle 'τι' (what, why). The noun 'μῆτις' (G3382) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'μάομαι' (to seek, strive).
G0096
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-DOH-kee-moy
Translations: disapproved, rejected, worthless, unapproved, reprobate
Notes: This word describes something or someone that has been tested and found to be unacceptable or failing the test. It implies a lack of genuineness or fitness, often in a moral or spiritual sense. It is a compound word formed from 'α' (alpha privative, meaning 'not') and 'δοκιμος' (approved, tested, genuine).
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΧΡΕΙΟΣ, ΑΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΑΚΑΡΠΟΣ
G1679
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: el-PEE-zoh
Translations: hope, expect, trust, believe
Notes: This verb means to hope, to expect, or to trust in something or someone. It implies a confident expectation or a strong belief in a future event or outcome. It can be used to express a general sense of hope or a specific expectation regarding a particular situation.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ
Etymology: From a root meaning 'to anticipate' or 'to look forward to'. It is related to the noun 'ελπίς' (elpis), meaning 'hope'.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: gno-SEH-stheh
Translations: you will know, you will come to know, you will perceive, you will understand
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. It is used to indicate a future action of gaining knowledge, understanding, or recognition. It implies a process of learning or becoming acquainted with something, rather than just having information. It is often used in contexts where someone will discover or realize a truth.
Inflection: Future Indicative, Middle Voice, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to know'. It is related to the English word 'know' and Latin 'gnoscere'.
G2255
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: HEM-is
Translations: half, a half
Notes: This word refers to one of two equal parts into which something is divided. It can function as an adjective, meaning 'half', or as a noun, meaning 'a half'. It is often used in contexts describing the division of property, time, or other quantities.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the Latin 'semi-' and English 'semi-'.
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Particle
Sounds like: EP-see-lon (as a letter name), eh (as a sound)
Translations: E, 5, if, then, indeed
Notes: This is the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet, epsilon. It can represent the number 5. As a standalone word, 'Ε' is not typically found in Koine Greek texts. It is highly probable that 'Ε' in the provided context is a typographical error or an abbreviation for a word like 'εἰ' (if) or 'ἐν' (in). If it were 'εἰ', it would function as a conditional particle meaning 'if'. If it were 'ἐν', it would be a preposition meaning 'in' or 'among'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or numeral). As a particle, it does not inflect.
Etymology: The letter Epsilon (Ε) is derived from the Phoenician letter He. Its name 'epsilon' means 'simple E' to distinguish it from the diphthong 'αι' (ai), which had come to be pronounced the same way.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-MEN
Translations: we are
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates existence or a state of being for a group of people, specifically 'we'. It is used to connect the subject 'we' with a predicate, describing what 'we' are or what state 'we' are in.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice
G2172
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-KHO-me-tha
Translations: we pray, we wish, we vow
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to pray', 'to wish', or 'to vow'. It is used to express a desire or an appeal to a higher power, or to make a solemn promise. In context, it often refers to the act of offering prayers or making requests to God.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-ohn
Translations: God, a God
Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΘΕΟΝ (Theon), which is the accusative singular form of the Greek word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos), meaning 'God'. It is used to refer to God as the direct object of a verb or preposition, indicating the recipient of an action. For example, 'they saw God' or 'they worshipped God'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-AY-sah-ee
Translations: to make, to do, to create, to perform, to produce, to bring about
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'to make' or 'to do'. It expresses the action of making, doing, creating, or performing something. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often used after other verbs or prepositions to indicate purpose or result.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ
G2556
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: KAH-kon
Translations: evil, bad, harmful, wicked, a bad thing, an evil thing, a wrong, a misfortune, a disaster
Notes: This word describes something that is bad, evil, or harmful. It can refer to moral wickedness, physical harm, or general poor quality. When used as a substantive (like a noun), it refers to an evil thing, a wrong, or a misfortune. It can be used to describe actions, intentions, or conditions.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek or from an unknown root.
G3366
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: MEE-deh
Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not
Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ
Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH
Translations: no, not, never, by no means
Notes: This word is a negative adverb used to express absolute negation. It is typically used before a vowel with a rough breathing mark (like 'ουχί' or 'οὐχ') or before a consonant with a smooth breathing mark (like 'οὐκ'). It denies a statement or fact, indicating that something is not true or does not exist. It can be used to negate verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ
Etymology: This word is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂u- meaning 'not'. It is an ancient Greek negative particle.
G1384
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: doh-KEE-moy
Translations: approved, tried, acceptable, a tried one, an approved one
Notes: This word describes something or someone that has been tested and found to be genuine, trustworthy, or acceptable. It implies a process of examination or trial that has resulted in a positive outcome. It can be used to describe people who are proven and reliable, or things that are of good quality and fit for purpose.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΟΣ, ΕΥΑΡΕΣΤΟΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ
G5316
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fah-NOH-meh
Translations: let us appear, let us shine, let us become visible, let us be seen, let us be revealed
Notes: This is a verb form derived from the root 'ΦΑΙΝΩ' (phainō), which means 'to shine,' 'to appear,' 'to show,' or 'to become visible.' The form 'ΦΑΝΩΜΕ' specifically indicates a hortatory subjunctive, suggesting an exhortation or proposal for a group to perform the action. It implies 'let us appear' or 'let us shine,' often in the context of revealing oneself or being made manifest.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΔΕΙΞΩΜΕ, ΓΝΩΡΙΣΩΜΕ, ΕΚΦΑΝΩΜΕ
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, however, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a contrast, an exception, or an emphasis. It often translates to 'but' or 'yet' when contrasting two ideas, or 'rather' when correcting a previous statement. It can also be used to add emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is an indeclinable particle.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MACE
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a second-person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (referring to multiple people). It is used when the 'you' is the subject of the sentence, performing the action of the verb.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Second Person
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the Latin 'vos' and English 'you'.
G2570
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kah-LON
Translations: good, beautiful, noble, right, fitting, a good thing, a beautiful thing
Notes: ΚΑΛΟΝ is the neuter singular form of the adjective ΚΑΛΟΣ. It describes something as good, beautiful, noble, excellent, or fitting. It can refer to moral goodness, aesthetic beauty, or practical suitability. It is often used to describe what is morally right or advantageous, or something that is beneficial.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-EH-ee-teh
Translations: do, make, perform, create, you do, you make
Notes: This word is a common verb meaning to do, make, or perform an action. It can be used in various contexts to describe the act of bringing something into existence, carrying out a task, or behaving in a certain way. It is a versatile verb that can take on different nuances depending on the context.
Inflection: Present Active Indicative, 2nd Person Plural; Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word is derived from an ancient root meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It is related to other Greek words concerning action and creation.
G0818
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-MEHN
Translations: we are dishonored, we are despised, we are disgraced
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'atimazō', meaning 'to dishonor' or 'to treat with contempt'. It describes a state of being dishonored or despised. In the provided context, it indicates that 'we' (the subject) are in a state of being dishonored or treated without respect.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΤΙΜΟΩ, ΑΤΙΜΕΩ
G1410
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-tha
Translations: we are able, we can, we have power
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'we are able' or 'we can'. It indicates the capacity or possibility of doing something. It is often used to express ability, capability, or permission.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΜΕΝ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙΝ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G225
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-lay-THEE-ahs
Translations: of truth, of reality, of verity, of sincerity
Notes: This word refers to truth, reality, or sincerity. It is used to describe something that is factual, genuine, or in accordance with reality. It can also imply faithfulness or trustworthiness. This form of the word indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of truth' or 'belonging to truth'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G5463
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: khai-ROH-men
Translations: we rejoice, we are glad, we are joyful
Notes: This word means 'we rejoice' or 'we are glad'. It describes the action of experiencing joy or happiness. It is typically used to express a state of being joyful or to indicate that a group of people is happy about something.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ
G3752
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-tah
Translations: when, whenever, as soon as
Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' introducing a temporal clause. It can also mean 'as soon as' or 'at the time that.' For example, 'When he came, he saw.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the Greek adverb ὅτε (hote), meaning 'when'. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun οὗτος (houtos), meaning 'this'.
G0770
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: as-the-NOH-meh
Translations: we are weak, we are sick, we are ill, we are feeble
Notes: This word is the first person plural present active subjunctive form of the verb 'astheneo'. It means 'we may be weak' or 'we may be sick'. It describes a state of physical or spiritual weakness, illness, or feebleness. It is often used in contexts referring to a lack of strength or health.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΩΣ, ΝΟΣΕΩ
G1415
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: doo-na-TOY
Translations: able, mighty, powerful, strong, able ones, mighty ones, powerful ones, strong ones
Notes: This word describes someone or something as being able, mighty, or powerful. It can refer to physical strength, moral power, or the ability to accomplish something. When used substantively, it refers to 'powerful ones' or 'mighty men'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative Masculine or Feminine, or Vocative Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΙ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΙ, ΕΝΔΥΝΑΜΟΙ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-teh
Translations: you were, you are
Notes: This is the second person plural imperfect or present indicative form of the verb 'εἰμί' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. In the imperfect tense, it translates to 'you were' (referring to a past continuous state or action involving multiple people). In the present tense, it translates to 'you are' (referring to a current state or action involving multiple people). The context determines whether it refers to the present or imperfect.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Indicative, Present or Imperfect
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G2676
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-tar-TEE-sin
Translations: completion, perfection, restoration, equipping, training, mending, a completion, a perfection, a restoration, an equipping, a training, a mending
Notes: This word is a noun that refers to the act or process of bringing something to a state of completeness, perfection, or readiness. It can also mean restoration or mending, implying the act of putting something back into its proper condition or order. It is often used in contexts of preparing, training, or equipping individuals or things for a specific purpose.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙΣΜΟΣ, ΤΕΛΕΙΩΣΙΣ, ΕΞΑΡΤΙΣΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΡΤΙΣΙΣ (katartisis) is derived from the verb ΚΑΤΑΡΤΙΖΩ (katartizo), meaning 'to complete, perfect, restore, or equip'. It combines the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', with ἀρτίζω (artizo), meaning 'to prepare' or 'to make ready'.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G1125
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: GRA-foh
Translations: I write, I draw, I record, I inscribe
Notes: This verb means 'to write' or 'to draw'. It is commonly used to describe the act of putting words or symbols onto a surface, such as paper or a tablet. It can also refer to the act of recording information or composing a text.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΝΑΓΡΑΦΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gerbh- 'to scratch, to carve'. In ancient Greek, it evolved to mean 'to scratch, to draw, to write'.
G664
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ah-po-TO-mos
Translations: sharply, severely, strictly, abruptly, suddenly
Notes: This adverb describes an action performed in a sharp, severe, or abrupt manner. It conveys a sense of strictness, harshness, or suddenness in how something is done. For example, it could describe speaking sharply or acting with suddenness.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΟΜΙΑ, ΣΚΛΗΡΩΣ, ΑΠΟΤΟΜΟΣ
G5530
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: KHRAY-soh-my
Translations: I will use, I will make use of, I will employ
Notes: This word means 'to use', 'to make use of', or 'to employ'. It typically takes an object in the dative case, indicating what is being used or for what purpose. It can also imply 'to treat' or 'to deal with' someone or something.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Middle Voice, Indicative or Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΧΡΩΜΑΙ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΕΥΩ
Etymology: From an assumed root χρα- (chra-), meaning 'to furnish what is needful'. It is related to words signifying 'need' or 'usefulness'.
G1849
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ex-oo-SEE-ah
Translations: authority, power, right, jurisdiction, control, a right, a power
Notes: This word refers to the right or privilege to act, the power to govern or control, or the authority to make decisions. It can denote delegated authority, inherent power, or freedom of choice. It is often used in contexts of legal or moral right, or the ability to exercise dominion over something or someone.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ
Etymology: Derived from the Greek verb ἔξεστι (exesti), meaning 'it is permitted' or 'it is possible'. It combines the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb εἶναι (einai), meaning 'to be'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ANE
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was, I was
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to describe a state of being or existence in the past, often indicating a continuous or repeated action or condition. For example, it can mean 'he was' or 'it was'.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, 1st or 3rd person singular
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-os
Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-doh-ken
Translations: gave, he gave, she gave, it gave
Notes: This word means 'gave' and is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'to give'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, often without emphasis on its duration or ongoing nature. It can be used in sentences like 'He gave a gift' or 'She gave a command'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΕΝ, ΑΠΕΔΩΚΕΝ, ΜΕΤΕΔΩΚΕΝ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G3619
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MEE
Translations: building, edification, a building, an edification
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗΝ (oikodomēn) or ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗ (oikodomē). It refers to the act of building, construction, or the structure itself. Metaphorically, it signifies spiritual building up, edification, or moral improvement. It is often used in the context of strengthening or instructing believers in their faith.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative or Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the Greek words οἶκος (oikos, meaning 'house') and δόμος (domos, meaning 'building' or 'structure'), combined with the suffix -μη indicating an action or result. It literally means 'house-building'.
G2506
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-thigh-REH-sin
Translations: destruction, pulling down, demolition, overthrow, a destruction, a pulling down, a demolition, an overthrow
Notes: This word refers to the act of pulling down, demolishing, or overthrowing something. It can be used in a literal sense for the destruction of buildings or structures, or in a figurative sense for the overthrow of power, authority, or arguments. It implies a complete removal or bringing down.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΤΡΟΠΗ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΣΙΣ, ΑΦΑΝΙΣΜΟΣ
G3062
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb
Sounds like: LOY-pon
Translations: remaining, the rest, the remainder, other, finally, henceforth, for the rest
Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'remaining' or 'other', a noun meaning 'the rest' or 'the remainder', or an adverb meaning 'finally', 'henceforth', or 'for the rest'. As an adjective, it describes what is left over. As a noun, it refers to the remaining portion or people. As an adverb, it introduces a concluding thought or indicates a future time.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOY
Translations: brothers, fellow believers, countrymen, kinsmen
Notes: This word refers to brothers, either by blood or in a broader sense, such as fellow countrymen, kinsmen, or members of the same community or faith. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is commonly used to address a group of male individuals who share a close bond or common origin.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ, ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΙ
G5463
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: KHAH-ee-reh-teh
Translations: rejoice, be glad, farewell, greetings
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. It is often used as a greeting, similar to 'hello' or 'greetings', or as a farewell, meaning 'farewell' or 'goodbye'. It can also be an exhortation to experience joy or happiness.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ
G2675
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tar-TID-zes-thai
Translations: to be made complete, to be restored, to be perfected, to be equipped, to be trained, to be prepared
Notes: This word describes the process of being made complete, perfect, or fully equipped for a purpose. It implies restoration to a proper condition, preparation, or training. It can refer to mending something broken, bringing something to its intended state, or preparing someone for a task. It is often used in a passive sense, indicating that the subject is receiving the action of being made complete or restored.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΤΕΛΕΙΟΩ
G3870
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-ka-LEES-theh
Translations: be exhorted, be encouraged, be comforted, be entreated, be appealed to
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be exhorted,' 'to be encouraged,' 'to be comforted,' or 'to be entreated.' It is used to describe the state of receiving encouragement, comfort, or an appeal from someone else. It implies a passive reception of these actions, often in a context of instruction, consolation, or urgent request.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΙΣΘΕ, ΠΑΡΑΚΛΗΘΗΤΕ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: OW-toh
Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it
Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ
G5426
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: phro-NEH-ee-teh
Translations: think, understand, have a mindset, be minded, set one's mind on, be intent on, consider, be prudent, be wise
Notes: This word describes the act of thinking, understanding, or having a particular mindset or disposition. It can refer to the way one thinks about something, their attitude, or their focus. It is often used to convey the idea of being prudent or wise in one's thoughts and actions. It can also mean to be intent on or devoted to something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΝΟΕΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ
G1514
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-ray-NEH-oo-eh-teh
Translations: be at peace, live in peace, make peace, keep the peace
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be at peace' or 'to live in peace'. It is often used as an imperative, encouraging individuals or groups to maintain peaceful relations with one another. It can also imply actively making or keeping peace.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΙΡΗΝΗ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ, ΟΜΟΝΟΕΩ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-oss
Translations: God, a God, Lord
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation, for the Greek word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos). It refers to God, the supreme being, or a god in a general sense. It is commonly used in the New Testament to refer to the God of Israel.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It refers to the supreme divinity, or a deity in general.
G0026
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-GAH-pays
Translations: of love, of charity, of affection
Notes: This word refers to a deep, unconditional love, often used in a spiritual or divine sense. It describes a benevolent and selfless affection, distinct from other forms of love like erotic desire or familial affection. It is used to express the source or possession of love.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΕΡΩΣ
G1515
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-RAY-nays
Translations: of peace, peace
Notes: This word refers to a state of tranquility, harmony, and well-being. It can denote an absence of conflict, a sense of inner calm, or a state of reconciliation. In a broader sense, it encompasses prosperity and security. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession or relationship, such as 'of peace' or 'belonging to peace'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΣΤΑΘΕΙΑ, ΓΑΛΗΝΗ
Etymology: From the verb ΕΙΡΩ (eirō), meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together', suggesting a state of being joined or united in harmony. It is related to the concept of wholeness and completeness.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tai
Translations: will be, shall be, it will be, it shall be
Notes: This word is the third person singular future indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It signifies an action or state that will occur in the future. It is commonly used to express future existence, occurrence, or a future state of being, often translated as 'will be' or 'shall be'. For example, 'it will be done' or 'he will be there'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent in future)
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (to be). It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language, tracing its roots back to the earliest stages of Indo-European.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: meth
Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with
Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).
G0782
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ahs-pah-SAH-stheh
Translations: greet, salute, welcome, embrace, bid farewell
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to greet' or 'to salute'. It is often used in the context of extending a welcome or showing respect to someone. It can also imply an embrace or a farewell, depending on the context.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΕΤΕ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ
G240
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Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun
Sounds like: al-LAY-loos
Translations: one another, each other
Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'one another' or 'each other'. It is used to indicate that an action or relationship is mutual between two or more parties. It is always used in the plural and does not have a nominative form.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G0040
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-GEE-oh
Translations: (to) holy, (to) sacred
Notes: This word means 'holy' or 'sacred'. It is used to describe something that is set apart for God, consecrated, or pure. It often refers to places, objects, or people that are dedicated to divine service or possess a divine quality. In this form, it is typically used in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' something holy, or 'in' a holy place.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ
G5370
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fee-LEE-mah-tee
Translations: kiss, a kiss, (to) a kiss, (to) the kiss
Notes: This word refers to a kiss. In its dative form, as seen here, it indicates the means by which something is done, or the recipient of an action, often translated with 'by means of a kiss' or 'to a kiss'. It is commonly used in the New Testament to refer to a greeting or a betrayal.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΗΜΑ
Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΗΜΑ (philema) comes from the verb φιλέω (phileō), meaning 'to love' or 'to kiss'. It refers to an act of affection or greeting.
G0782
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ahs-PAH-zon-tai
Translations: they greet, they salute, they embrace, they welcome
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to greet,' 'to salute,' 'to embrace,' or 'to welcome.' It is often used in the context of exchanging greetings or showing affection and respect to someone. It can also imply a warm reception or a farewell.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΕΤΕ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΟΥΣΙΝ
Etymology: The word ΑΣΠΑΖΟΜΑΙ is likely derived from the prefix ἀσ- (as-), an intensive form of a- (a-), and σπάω (spaō), meaning 'to draw' or 'to pull.' The middle voice suggests an action done to oneself or for oneself, hence 'to draw to oneself' in a welcoming or embracing manner.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G0040
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: AH-gee-oy
Translations: holy, saints, holy ones
Notes: This word describes something or someone as holy, sacred, or set apart for God. When used as an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its sacred quality. When used as a substantive (functioning as a noun), it refers to 'saints' or 'holy people', those who are consecrated to God.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tes
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of a group or quantity, often referring to 'all' members of a set or 'every' single item. It can also mean 'whole' when referring to a single entity.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: HOLOS
G5485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHA-rees
Translations: grace, a grace, favor, a favor, kindness, a kindness, thanks, gratitude, charm, a charm, delight, a delight
Notes: This word is a feminine noun that generally refers to grace, favor, or kindness. It can also mean thanks or gratitude, especially in expressions like 'to give thanks'. In some contexts, it can refer to charm or delight. It is often used to describe divine favor or unmerited divine assistance given to humans.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ, ΕΛΕΟΣ, ΔΩΡΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- ('to desire, to like'). In ancient Greek, it developed to mean 'that which delights' or 'favor'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: koo-REE-oo
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΥ (Kyriou), which is the genitive form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It means 'of the Lord' or 'of Lord' and is commonly used to refer to God or Jesus in ancient Greek texts. It indicates possession or origin related to the Lord.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΥ
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOO
Translations: of Jesus
Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ἸΗΣΟΥ (Iesou), which is the genitive form of the name Jesus. It refers to Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession or relationship, often translated as 'of Jesus' or 'Jesus''.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G0026
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-GAH-pay
Translations: love, charity, affection, a love
Notes: This word refers to a specific kind of love, often described as unconditional, benevolent, and self-sacrificing. It is distinct from other Greek words for love like 'eros' (romantic love) or 'philia' (brotherly love). In Koine Greek, especially in the New Testament, it denotes a divine or spiritual love, often commanded or exemplified by God. It can be used in sentences to describe the love between God and humanity, between believers, or even love for one's enemies.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΕΡΩΣ
Etymology: The origin of 'agape' is uncertain, but it is thought to be a pre-Greek word or derived from a root meaning 'to be fond of'. In classical Greek, it was not a prominent term for love, but it gained significant theological importance in Koine Greek, particularly in the Septuagint and the New Testament, where it was chosen to describe God's unique and unconditional love.
G2842
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: koy-noh-nee-AH
Translations: fellowship, a fellowship, communion, a communion, participation, a participation, sharing, a sharing, contribution, a contribution, partnership, a partnership
Notes: This word refers to a close association involving mutual interests, sharing, and participation. It can describe a spiritual bond, a joint venture, or a contribution made to a common cause. It is often used in the context of Christian fellowship or sharing in the divine nature.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΟΧΗ, ΣΥΜΜΕΤΟΧΗ, ΣΥΝΟΜΙΛΙΑ
Etymology: From the Greek word κοινός (koinos), meaning 'common' or 'shared'. It refers to the state of having something in common or sharing in something.
G0040
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-GEE-oo
Translations: of holy, of a holy one, of a saint
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. In its genitive form, as seen here, it often translates to 'of holy' or 'of a holy one/saint', indicating possession or origin. It can refer to things, places, or people that are set apart for God or dedicated to a divine purpose.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ
G4151
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pneu-MA-tos
Translations: (of) Spirit, (of) wind, (of) breath
Notes: This is a scribal abbreviation for the word ΠΝΕΥΜΑΤΟΣ (Pneumatos), which is the genitive form of ΠΝΕΥΜΑ (Pneuma). It refers to spirit, wind, or breath. In a theological context, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'of the Spirit' or 'from the Spirit'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΠΝΟΗ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tone
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) everyone, (of) everything, (of) the whole
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for a plural group, signifying 'of all' or 'belonging to all'. It can refer to people, things, or concepts, encompassing a complete set or totality.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G0281
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Interjection
Sounds like: ah-MEN
Translations: Amen, verily, truly, so be it
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΑΜΗΝ (Amen). It is a Hebrew loanword used in Greek to express affirmation, agreement, or a solemn declaration. It can be translated as 'truly' or 'verily' when introducing a statement, or 'so be it' when concluding a prayer or declaration. It signifies certainty and truth.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Hebrew אָמֵן (ʾāmēn), meaning 'certainly, truly'. It is derived from the root אמן (ʾmn), which means 'to be firm, trustworthy'.
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