2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G2744

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kow-KHAH-sthai

Translations: to boast, to glory, to exult, to pride oneself, to brag

Notes: This word is a verb in the infinitive form, meaning 'to boast' or 'to glory'. It describes the act of taking pride in something, often in a positive sense when boasting in God or in one's faith, but it can also be used negatively to describe arrogant or self-centered boasting. It is often followed by a preposition like 'en' (in) or 'epi' (upon) with the dative case to indicate the object of one's boasting.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present Tense, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΚΟΜΠΑΖΩ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G4851

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: soom-FEH-ron

Translations: advantageous, profitable, useful, beneficial, expedient, what is advantageous, what is profitable, advantage, profit, benefit

Notes: This word describes something that is advantageous, profitable, or beneficial. As an adjective, it can modify a noun to indicate that it is useful or expedient. When used as a neuter substantive (like 'το συμφέρον'), it refers to 'that which is advantageous' or 'the advantage/benefit' itself. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'φέρω' (to bear, carry).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΙΜΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-dah

Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to be aware of

Notes: This verb means 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is a perfect tense form that is used with a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing or having come to know. It can refer to knowing facts, understanding concepts, or being acquainted with people or things. It often implies a deep, experiential knowledge rather than mere intellectual acquaintance.

Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the English word 'wit'. It originally meant 'to have seen' (perfect tense of 'to see'), and thus 'to know' (from having seen).

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G1535

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: EYE-teh

Translations: whether, or, either...or

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, typically used to introduce alternative possibilities. It is often used in pairs, such as 'whether... or' (eite... eite), to present two or more options or conditions. It can also be used individually to mean 'or' or 'even if'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: Η, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek particle εἰ (ei), meaning 'if', with the addition of the particle -τε (-te), which emphasizes or generalizes. It developed to express alternatives or conditions.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G1622

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EK-toss

Translations: outside, without, out of, except, besides

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'outside' or 'without', indicating a location or state of being external to something. It can also be used as a preposition, often with the genitive case, to mean 'out of', 'except', or 'besides', indicating exclusion or a boundary.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΞΩ, ΠΑΡΕΞ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', combined with the suffix -τος, forming an adverb of place.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G0726

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: har-pa-GEN-ta

Translations: things snatched away, things seized, things carried off, things plundered

Notes: This word is the neuter plural perfect passive participle of the verb ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize' or 'to snatch'. It refers to things that have been seized, snatched, or carried off by force. It is often used to describe plunder or spoils taken in war or by robbery.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect, Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΛΕΙΑ, ΣΚΥΛΑ

Etymology: The verb ἁρπάζω (harpazō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the idea of seizing or snatching quickly.

G5108

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toy-OO-ton

Translations: such, such a, of such a kind, such a one, such a thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to describe something that is of a particular nature, quality, or degree, often referring back to something previously mentioned or implied. It can be used to emphasize the quality of a person or thing.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣΔΕ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΤΟΙΟΣ (toios, "such") and the enclitic particle -ΟΥΤΟΣ (-outos, "this").

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G5170

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TRY-too

Translations: of a balance, of scales

Notes: This word refers to the beam or tongue of a balance or pair of scales. It is used to describe the central part of a weighing instrument that indicates equilibrium. In ancient contexts, balances were crucial for trade and measurement, so this word would appear in discussions related to commerce, justice, or precise measurement.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΖΥΓΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΤΡΥΤΟΣ (trytos) is derived from the verb τρύω (tryo), meaning 'to wear out' or 'to rub smooth'. This etymology suggests the idea of something that is worn smooth by constant use, like the pivot point of a balance.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G726

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: heer-PAH-gee

Translations: was snatched away, was seized, was caught up, was plundered

Notes: This word describes an action where something or someone was taken away suddenly and by force, often implying violence or a swift, decisive act. It is the third-person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'harpazō', meaning 'to snatch' or 'to seize'. It indicates that the subject of the verb was the recipient of this forceful action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΛΑΩ, ΔΙΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G3857

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pah-rah-DEE-soh

Translations: paradise, a paradise, garden, a garden

Notes: This word refers to a paradise or a garden, often with the connotation of an enclosed, beautiful, and fruitful place. In ancient Greek literature, it could describe the royal parks of Persian kings. In the Septuagint and New Testament, it is used to refer to the Garden of Eden and, metaphorically, to the dwelling place of the righteous after death, or a spiritual state of blessedness. It is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'of paradise' or 'belonging to a garden'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΠΟΣ

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-KOO-sen

Translations: he heard, she heard, it heard, he listened, she listened, it listened, he understood, she understood, it understood

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hear', 'to listen', or 'to understand'. It is used to describe the action of perceiving sound or comprehending information. As an aorist tense verb, it describes a completed action in the past, without specifying its duration. It is in the third person singular, meaning the subject is 'he', 'she', or 'it'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

G0738

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ar-RHEE-tah

Translations: unspeakable, inexpressible, unutterable, unspeakable things, inexpressible things

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'unspeakable' or 'inexpressible'. It refers to something that cannot or should not be spoken, often due to its sacred, profound, or forbidden nature. In its neuter plural form, as seen in the example, it can be translated as 'unspeakable things' or 'inexpressible things', referring to concepts or words that are beyond human articulation or comprehension.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΛΑΛΗΤΑ, ΑΦΩΝΑ

Etymology: The word ΑΡΡΗΤΟΣ (arrhetos) is derived from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not') and the verb ῥητός (rhetos), meaning 'spoken' or 'said'. Thus, it literally means 'not spoken' or 'that which cannot be spoken'.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G1683

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-MOW-too

Translations: of myself, my own, for myself, to myself

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action or state described by the verb is directed back to the speaker. For example, 'I see myself'. It is used to express possession or relation to the speaker.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The word ΕΜΑΥΤΟΥ is a compound of the personal pronoun ἐγώ (egō, 'I') and the intensive pronoun αὐτός (autos, 'self').

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-oh-mai

Translations: I will be, I shall be

Notes: This word is the first person singular future indicative form of the verb 'to be' (ΕΙΜΙ). It signifies a future state of existence or occurrence, indicating that the subject 'I' will exist or be in a certain condition at a later time. It is commonly used to express future facts or predictions.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent)

Etymology: The verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental and frequently used verbs in the Greek language, serving as the copula and expressing existence.

G0878

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: AH-phron

Translations: foolish, unwise, senseless, a fool, an unwise person

Notes: This word describes someone who is without good sense, understanding, or reason. It can be used as an adjective to describe a person or an action, or as a noun to refer to a foolish person. It implies a lack of practical wisdom or spiritual discernment.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΗΤΟΣ, ΜΩΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the negative prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'without' and 'φρήν' (phrēn) meaning 'mind' or 'understanding'. Thus, it literally means 'without mind' or 'mindless'.

G225

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-lay-THEY-ahn

Translations: truth, a truth

Notes: This word refers to truth, reality, or sincerity. It is often used to denote what is factual, genuine, or consistent with reality, as opposed to falsehood or deception. In a sentence, it would function as a direct object when in the accusative case, indicating the 'truth' as the thing being acted upon.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ' is derived from the Greek prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and 'λήθη' (lethe), meaning 'forgetfulness' or 'concealment'. Thus, 'ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ' literally means 'un-forgetfulness' or 'un-concealment', implying that which is revealed or brought out of oblivion.

G2046

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ROH

Translations: I will say, I will speak, I will tell, I will ask

Notes: This word is a future tense form of the verb 'lego' (to say, speak). It indicates an action of speaking or asking that will happen in the future. It is often used to introduce direct speech or to express an intention to communicate something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕΙΠΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΡΩ is the future stem of the verb ΛΕΓΩ (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. Its origin can be traced back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to collecting or speaking.

G5339

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FEY-doh-my

Translations: to spare, to refrain, to forbear, to withhold, to show mercy

Notes: This is a deponent verb, meaning it has a passive or middle voice form but an active meaning. It generally means to spare someone or something, to refrain from doing something, or to show mercy. It can be used with a genitive case to indicate what one is sparing or refraining from.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΧΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to φείδομαι (pheídomai), meaning 'to spare' or 'to be sparing'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G3049

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: loh-gee-SEE-tai

Translations: he may reckon, he may consider, he may account, he may impute, he may calculate

Notes: This word describes the act of reckoning, calculating, or considering something carefully. It can also mean to impute or attribute something to someone. It is used to express a mental process of evaluation or judgment, often with the implication of assigning a value or status.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Middle Voice, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΚΡΙΝΩ

Etymology: From λόγος (logos, "word, reason") and the suffix -ίζω (-izō, forming verbs). It signifies to use reason or words to calculate or consider.

G0991

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: BLEH-pei

Translations: he sees, she sees, it sees, he looks, she looks, it looks, he perceives, she perceives, it perceives

Notes: This word means 'to see', 'to look', or 'to perceive'. It is used to describe the act of observing something with one's eyes or understanding something mentally. It can refer to physical sight or to a more metaphorical understanding or awareness. For example, one might 'see' a person or 'see' the truth of a matter.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΩ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G5236

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-per-bo-LEE

Translations: excess, abundance, surpassing, preeminence, a surpassing, an excess

Notes: This word refers to an exceeding, an excess, or a surpassing degree of something. It can describe something that goes beyond the usual or expected limit, often implying abundance or preeminence. It is frequently used in phrases like 'καθ' ὑπερβολήν' (kath' hyperbolēn), meaning 'exceedingly' or 'beyond measure'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΙΑ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΟΧΗ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ὑπερβάλλω (hyperballō), meaning 'to throw over, to exceed, to surpass'. It is a compound word formed from ὑπέρ (hyper, 'over, beyond') and βάλλω (ballō, 'to throw').

G1352

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: DEE-oh

Translations: therefore, wherefore, for this reason, on account of which

Notes: This is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'. It is used to introduce a consequence or conclusion, indicating that what follows is a result of what has just been stated. It functions similarly to 'therefore' or 'for this reason' in English.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G5229

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-per-AI-roh-mai

Translations: I am exalted, I am lifted up, I become proud, I am overly proud

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπέρ' (hyper, meaning 'over' or 'above') and 'αἴρω' (airō, meaning 'to lift' or 'to take up'). In the middle or passive voice, it means to be lifted up, to be exalted, or to become arrogant or overly proud. It is often used in a negative sense, referring to someone becoming conceited due to perceived superiority.

Inflection: Present, Indicative or Subjunctive, Middle or Passive, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΥΨΟΩ, ΦΥΣΙΟΩ, ΜΕΓΑΛΑΥΧΕΩ

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOH-thay

Translations: it was given, he was given, she was given

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didōmi), meaning 'to give'. It indicates an action that happened in the past, where the subject received the action (was given) rather than performed it. It can be translated as 'it was given', 'he was given', or 'she was given', depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΔΟΘΗ, ΕΔΩΚΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated verb, characteristic of ancient Greek.

G4647

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKO-lops

Translations: thorn, a thorn, stake, a stake, splinter, a splinter

Notes: This word refers to a sharp, pointed object, such as a thorn, a stake, or a splinter. It can be used literally to describe a physical object, or metaphorically to describe something that causes pain, irritation, or difficulty, like a 'thorn in the flesh'. It is typically used in the masculine gender.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΚΑΝΘΑ, ΚΕΝΤΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words meaning 'sharp' or 'pointed'.

G0032

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ANG-ge-los

Translations: angel, a angel, messenger, a messenger

Notes: This word refers to a messenger, envoy, or one who brings tidings. In a religious context, it commonly refers to a divine messenger or an angel. It is a masculine noun and is frequently used in the New Testament to denote celestial beings.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΞ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΓΓΕΛΟΣ' is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from a root meaning 'to bring tidings' or 'to announce'. It is a common term in ancient Greek literature and religious texts.

G4567

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-TAN

Translations: Satan, an adversary, the adversary

Notes: This word refers to Satan, the devil, who is considered the chief adversary of God and humanity. It can also refer more generally to any adversary or opponent. In the New Testament, it is primarily used as a proper name for the devil.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΟΛΟΣ, ΒΕΕΛΖΕΒΟΥΛ, ΒΕΛΙΑΡ

Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew word 'satan' (שָׂטָן), meaning 'adversary' or 'accuser'. It was transliterated directly into Greek.

G2852

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koh-lah-FEE-zay

Translations: to strike with the fist, to buffet, to mistreat, to abuse

Notes: This verb means to strike someone with the fist, to buffet, or to mistreat them. It implies a forceful and often repeated physical assault or abuse. It can be used in contexts describing physical violence or general ill-treatment.

Inflection: Present, Active, Subjunctive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΥΠΤΩ, ΡΑΠΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΟΛΑΦΙΖΩ (kolaphizō) is derived from the noun ΚΟΛΑΦΟΣ (kolaphos), meaning 'a blow with the fist' or 'a cuff'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-ON

Translations: Lord, a Lord

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΝ (KYRION), meaning 'Lord'. It is the accusative singular form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (KYRIOS), which means 'Lord' or 'Master'. It is used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or sometimes to a human master or owner. In the provided context, it is used with the accusative article 'ΤΟΝ', indicating it is the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ

Etymology: From ΚΥΡΟΣ (KYROS), meaning 'power' or 'authority'. It refers to one who has power or authority, hence 'lord' or 'master'.

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eh-KAH-leh-sah

Translations: I exhorted, I comforted, I encouraged, I appealed to, I called alongside

Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'παρακαλέω' (parakaleō). It means 'I exhorted,' 'I comforted,' 'I encouraged,' or 'I appealed to.' The verb 'παρακαλέω' is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'alongside,' and 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call.' Thus, it literally means 'to call alongside,' which can imply various actions depending on the context, such as calling someone to one's side for comfort, exhortation, or an appeal.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ

G0868

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pos-TEE

Translations: to depart, to withdraw, to fall away, to revolt, to stand away, to keep away, to remove, to separate

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'aphistēmi', meaning to depart or withdraw. It describes the act of moving away from something or someone, often implying a separation, defection, or rebellion. It can be used in contexts ranging from physical departure to spiritual or political apostasy.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΚΚΛΙΝΩ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, off, out of, by, with

Notes: This is a common Greek preposition that indicates separation, origin, or cause. It means 'from' or 'away from' and is often used to show the source of something, the point from which an action begins, or the agent by which something is done. When used as a prefix (ΑΠ- or ΑΠΟ-), it intensifies the idea of separation or completion, often meaning 'off, away, back, completely'. For example, in 'ἀποστέλλω' (apostellō), it means 'to send away'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἀπό (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'. It is a very ancient and common preposition found across many Indo-European languages.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-RAY-ken

Translations: he has said, he has spoken, he has told, he said, he spoke, he told

Notes: This word is the perfect active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'lego' (to say/speak). It signifies a completed action with ongoing results, meaning 'he has said' or 'he has spoken'. It is often used to refer to a statement made in the past that still holds true or has relevance in the present.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΕΛΑΛΗΚΕΝ, ΕΦΗ

Etymology: The root verb ΕΡΩ (erō) is an alternative or poetic form of the more common verb ΛΕΓΩ (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is an ancient Greek verb with a long history of usage.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G5485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHA-rees

Translations: grace, a grace, favor, a favor, kindness, a kindness, thanks, gratitude, charm, a charm, delight, a delight

Notes: This word is a feminine noun that generally refers to grace, favor, or kindness. It can also mean thanks or gratitude, especially in expressions like 'to give thanks'. In some contexts, it can refer to charm or delight. It is often used to describe divine favor or unmerited divine assistance given to humans.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ, ΕΛΕΟΣ, ΔΩΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- ('to desire, to like'). In ancient Greek, it developed to mean 'that which delights' or 'favor'.

G1411

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-nah-mees

Translations: power, might, strength, ability, miracle, a power, a miracle

Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength, often implying a capacity for action or accomplishment. It can describe physical strength, moral power, or even miraculous power, especially when referring to divine power or acts of God. It is frequently used in the New Testament to denote the supernatural power of God or the Holy Spirit, or the power demonstrated through miracles.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From δύναμαι (dynamai, "to be able, to have power"), which is of uncertain origin.

G0769

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahs-theh-NEH-ah

Translations: weakness, a weakness, sickness, an infirmity, disease

Notes: This word is a feminine noun that refers to a state of weakness, lack of strength, or infirmity. It can describe physical sickness or disease, as well as a more general sense of feebleness or inability. It is often used in contexts relating to human frailty or suffering.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΡΡΩΣΤΙΑ, ΝΟΣΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective ἀσθενής (asthenes), meaning 'weak, without strength', which is a compound of ἀ- (a-, 'not') and σθένος (sthenos, 'strength, vigor').

G5055

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-LEH-tai

Translations: is completed, is finished, is perfected, is performed, is accomplished

Notes: This word is a verb in the passive voice, meaning 'to be completed,' 'to be finished,' 'to be perfected,' or 'to be accomplished.' It describes an action that is brought to its end or fulfillment by an external agent, or something that reaches its intended state or goal. For example, a task might be completed, a prophecy fulfilled, or a person perfected.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΥΤΑΙ, ΓΙΝΕΤΑΙ, ΕΠΙΤΕΛΕΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word τελέω (teleō) comes from τέλος (telos), meaning 'end,' 'goal,' or 'completion.' It signifies the bringing of something to its intended end or purpose.

G5048

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-lei-OO-tai

Translations: is perfected, is completed, is finished, is brought to an end, is being perfected, is being completed

Notes: This verb describes the action of being brought to an end, being completed, or being perfected. It signifies a process of reaching a desired state of completion or maturity. It is often used in a passive sense, indicating that something is being perfected or brought to its conclusion by an external agent or by its own inherent development.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek τέλειος (teleios, “complete, perfect”), from τέλος (telos, “end, goal, completion”). The verb means to make complete or perfect.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAL-lon

Translations: more, rather, better, especially

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate a greater degree, preference, or comparison. It often translates to 'more' or 'rather' in English, signifying an increase in intensity or a choice between alternatives. It can be used to emphasize one thing over another, or to indicate that something is happening to a greater extent.

Inflection: Comparative degree of an implied positive adverb. Does not inflect for gender, number, or case.

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From an obsolete root, likely related to the concept of 'much' or 'great'. It functions as the comparative form of an unstated positive adverb.

G1981

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-skee-NO-sis

Translations: tabernacling upon, dwelling upon, encamping upon, overshadowing

Notes: This word refers to the act of pitching a tent or dwelling upon something, or the state of dwelling upon something. It implies a temporary or spiritual indwelling or overshadowing, often with a sense of protection or presence. It is used to describe a divine presence or power resting upon someone.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΚΗΝΩΣΙΣ, ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: This word is a compound noun formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (upon, over) and the noun ΣΚΗΝΩΣΙΣ (a dwelling, tabernacling), which itself comes from ΣΚΗΝΗ (tent, tabernacle). It literally means 'a tabernacling upon' or 'a dwelling upon'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G2106

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-DOH-koh

Translations: to be well pleased, to be pleased, to approve, to consent, to delight in, to determine, to think good

Notes: This verb means to be well pleased, to approve, or to consent. It describes a state of finding favor with something or someone, or making a decision based on one's good will. It can express divine approval or human agreement and satisfaction. It is often used to indicate a favorable disposition or a deliberate choice.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΡΕΣΚΩ, ΘΕΛΩ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the prefix ΕΥ (eu, meaning 'well') and ΔΟΚΕΩ (dokeō, meaning 'to seem, to think'). It literally means 'to seem well' or 'to think well of'.

G5196

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HY-breh-sin

Translations: (to) insults, (to) outrages, (to) abuses, (to) injuries

Notes: This word refers to acts of insolence, abuse, or outrage. It describes behavior that is contemptuous, violent, or injurious, often stemming from arrogance or a sense of superiority. In a sentence, it would indicate the object or recipient of such harmful actions.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΤΙΜΙΑ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΙΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word "ΥΒΡΙΣ" (hybris) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek term that has been used since Homeric times. It refers to excessive pride or self-confidence, often leading to a downfall.

G1722

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-ang-KAH-is

Translations: (to) embrace, (to) take into one's arms, (to) hold in one's arms

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'ενάγκαλμα' (enagkalma), which means 'an embrace' or 'something held in the arms'. However, it is much more likely to be an inflected form of the verb 'εναγκαλίζομαι' (enagkalizomai), meaning 'to embrace' or 'to take into one's arms'. The form 'εναγκαις' would be a dative plural participle, indicating 'to those embracing' or 'by means of embraces'. Given the lack of diacritics, it's important to consider the most common usage, which points to the verb 'εναγκαλίζομαι'.

Inflection: Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Etymology: From the preposition 'εν' (en), meaning 'in', and 'αγκάλη' (ankale), meaning 'the bent arm, the embrace'. The verb literally means 'to take into the arms'.

G1762

Part of Speech: Adverb, Verb

Sounds like: EH-nee

Translations: there is, there are, it is possible, it is lawful, it is present, it is in

Notes: ΕΝΙ is an enclitic adverbial form of the verb εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It typically translates to 'there is' or 'there are', indicating existence or presence. It can also convey the meaning 'it is possible' or 'it is lawful'. In some contexts, it functions as an adverb meaning 'in' or 'within', often implying 'it is in' or 'it is present in'. It is a common word in Koine Greek, used to express existence or possibility.

Inflection: Third person singular, present indicative, active, enclitic form of εἰμί (eimi)

Synonyms: ΕΣΤΙΝ, ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙ

G1375

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-OG-moys

Translations: persecutions, a persecution, to persecutions

Notes: This word refers to the act of pursuing or harassing someone, often with hostile intent, leading to suffering or oppression. It is typically used in the context of religious or political persecution, describing the trials and afflictions faced by individuals or groups.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΠΑΘΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΩΓΜΟΣ (diōgmos) comes from the verb διώκω (diōkō), meaning 'to pursue, chase, or persecute'.

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G0770

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: as-theh-NOH

Translations: I am weak, I am sick, I am ill, I am feeble, I am without strength, I am in need

Notes: This verb describes a state of weakness, sickness, or feebleness, often implying a lack of physical strength or resources. It can refer to physical illness, but also to spiritual or moral weakness, or a state of being in need or lacking something. It is commonly used to express a condition of being infirm or unable to cope.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΩΣ, ΑΡΡΩΣΤΩ, ΑΔΥΝΑΤΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἀσθενής (asthenes), meaning 'weak, without strength', which is a compound of the negative prefix ἀ- (a-) and σθένος (sthenos), meaning 'strength, vigor'.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G1415

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: doo-NAH-tos

Translations: able, powerful, mighty, strong, possible, a mighty one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that possesses power, strength, or ability. It can refer to physical might, moral strength, or the capacity to do something. It can also mean 'possible' when referring to an event or situation. It is often used to describe God as 'the Mighty One'.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (can also be Feminine or Neuter, and other cases/numbers depending on context)

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΕΝΔΥΝΑΜΟΣ

Etymology: From δύναμαι (dynamai), meaning 'to be able, to have power'. It relates to the concept of inherent power or capability.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-mee

Translations: to be, I am, you are, he is, she is, it is, we are, they are, to exist, to happen, to occur, to come to pass

Notes: This is the Greek verb 'to be', one of the most fundamental verbs in the language. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. It can function as a linking verb, connecting the subject to a predicate noun or adjective, or it can indicate simple existence or occurrence. Its meaning often depends on the context and the case of the noun or pronoun it accompanies.

Inflection: Infinitive or First Person Singular Present Active Indicative. It is a highly irregular verb with many forms for person, number, tense, mood, and voice.

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'eimi' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb found across many Indo-European languages.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-GOH-nah

Translations: I have become, I have been, I have come to be, I have happened

Notes: This word is the first person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to be', or 'to happen'. The perfect tense indicates a completed action with ongoing results or a state resulting from a past action. It describes something that has come into existence or a state that has been reached.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G0316

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-nag-KAH-sah-teh

Translations: you compelled, you forced, you urged, you constrained

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to compel,' 'to force,' or 'to urge.' It describes an action where someone is made to do something, either by physical force, strong persuasion, or circumstances. It implies a strong degree of necessity or pressure.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΙΑΖΩ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναγκάζω (anagkazo) is derived from ἀνάγκη (anankē), meaning 'necessity' or 'compulsion.' It signifies the act of bringing about a state of necessity or compulsion upon someone.

G3784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OH-fei-loh

Translations: I ought, I should, I owed, I was obligated, I was indebted

Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist indicative active form of the verb 'ὀφείλω' (opheilō). It signifies a past obligation, duty, or debt. It can mean 'I ought' or 'I should' in a past sense, or 'I was indebted' or 'I owed'. It describes a state of being under obligation or owing something, whether morally, legally, or financially.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ

Etymology: The verb ὀφείλω (opheilō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to owe, to be indebted'. It is related to the concept of obligation and debt.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: OOF

Translations: under, by, with, from, at the hand of, by means of, through

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by'. The final vowel of 'ΥΠΟ' is dropped when the following word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. It indicates a position beneath something, or agency (by means of someone/something), or cause. It can also denote the instrument or agent by which something is done. It is a very common preposition in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect; governs the genitive and accusative cases.

Etymology: The word 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'under'. It is related to English words like 'hypodermic' and 'hypothermia'.

G4921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-is-TAH-sthai

Translations: to commend, to recommend, to introduce, to prove, to establish, to stand with, to stand together, to be composed of, to be formed of

Notes: This word is a verb that can have several meanings depending on the context. It can mean to commend or recommend someone, to introduce them, or to prove something as true or valid. It can also describe the act of standing together or being composed of certain elements, indicating formation or constitution. In some contexts, it implies establishing or bringing something into existence.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΩ

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DEN

Translations: nothing, no one, none, a nothing, not even one, no

Notes: This word means "nothing" or "no one." It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something. It can function as a pronoun, meaning "nothing" or "no one," or as an adjective, meaning "no" or "not even one" when modifying a noun. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, "not") and ΔΕΝ (den, an emphatic particle).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΝ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ (ou), meaning "not," and ΔΕΝ (den), an emphatic particle. It emphasizes a complete negation.

G5236

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: hoo-per-LEE-an

Translations: exceedingly, preeminently, beyond measure, very greatly

Notes: This word is a compound adverb formed from 'hyper' (over, beyond) and 'lian' (very, exceedingly). It means 'exceedingly' or 'beyond measure', indicating a very high degree of something. It is used to intensify the meaning of a verb or adjective, suggesting something is done or exists to an extreme extent.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΛΙΑΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΩΣ, ΥΠΕΡΕΚΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΥ

Etymology: From the preposition ΥΠΕΡ (hyper), meaning 'over, beyond', and the adverb ΛΙΑΝ (lian), meaning 'very, exceedingly'.

G0652

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pos-TOH-lohn

Translations: of apostles, apostles'

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'apostolos', meaning 'apostle' or 'messenger'. It refers to a group of individuals who are sent out with a specific message or mission, particularly the twelve disciples of Jesus Christ. In its genitive plural form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of apostles' or 'apostles''. For example, 'the teaching of the apostles' or 'the churches of the apostles'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΚΩΝ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΣΤΩΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G0652

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pos-TO-loo

Translations: of an apostle, of a messenger, of an envoy

Notes: This word refers to someone who is sent out with a specific message or mission, often with authority. In a religious context, it commonly refers to one of the twelve disciples of Jesus, or a broader group of early Christian leaders who were 'sent out' to preach the Gospel. It is used to indicate possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΞ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΣΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΣΤΟΛΟΣ (apostolos) comes from the verb ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ (apostello), meaning 'to send away' or 'to send forth'. It literally means 'one who is sent'.

G2716

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teer-GAS-thay

Translations: it was accomplished, it was produced, it was brought about, it was performed, it was worked out, it was done

Notes: This word describes something that was accomplished, produced, or brought about, often with the sense of completing a task or achieving a result. It implies a thorough and effective working out of something. It is used in the passive voice, indicating that the subject is the recipient of the action.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against' (often intensifying the action), and the verb ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ (ergazomai), meaning 'to work' or 'to do'.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAH-see

Translations: (to) all, (to) every, (to) whole, (to) any, (of) all, (of) every, (of) whole, (of) any

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all,' 'every,' 'whole,' or 'any.' It is used to describe a quantity or entirety. For example, it can be used with a noun to mean 'all the people' or 'every house.' In the provided examples, 'ΠΑΣΗ ΧΩΡΑ' means 'in every land' or 'in all the land,' indicating its use to modify a feminine singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter; or Plural, Accusative, Neuter; or Plural, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'all' or 'every.'

G5281

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-po-mo-NEE

Translations: endurance, patience, perseverance, steadfastness, a patience, an endurance, a perseverance, a steadfastness

Notes: This word refers to the capacity to endure or bear up under difficult circumstances, often with a sense of steadfastness or patient waiting. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (HYPO), meaning 'under', and the verb ΜΕΝΩ (MENO), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. Thus, it literally means 'a remaining under' or 'a bearing up under'. It describes the quality of not giving in to adversity or suffering, but rather maintaining one's resolve and hope.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΙΑ, ΑΝΔΡΙΑ, ΜΑΚΡΟΘΥΜΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ΥΠΟ (HYPO), meaning 'under', and the verb ΜΕΝΩ (MENO), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. It describes the act of remaining steadfast under pressure or difficulty.

G4592

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: say-MEE-oys

Translations: to signs, for signs, with signs, by signs

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the noun 'σημεῖον' (sēmeion), meaning 'sign' or 'miracle'. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, or the means by which something is done. It is plural, referring to multiple signs or miracles. It can be used to express 'to signs,' 'for signs,' 'with signs,' or 'by means of signs,' depending on the context.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΡΑΣΙΝ, ΕΡΓΟΙΣ

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G5059

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-ras-ee

Translations: (to) wonders, (to) marvels, (to) omens, (to) signs

Notes: This word refers to a wonder, marvel, or omen, often implying something extraordinary or supernatural that causes astonishment. It is frequently used in conjunction with 'signs' (σημεῖα) to denote miraculous events or portents, especially those demonstrating divine power or foretelling future events. It can be used to describe both positive and negative phenomena.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΘΑΥΜΑ, ΕΚΠΛΗΞΙΣ

Etymology: The origin of the word 'τέρας' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of something that causes awe or dread.

G1411

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-sin

Translations: (to) powers, (to) mighty works, (to) forces, (to) abilities, (to) miracles

Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength. It can also denote a miraculous power or a mighty work performed by such power. In this dative plural form, it indicates the recipient or instrument of an action, meaning 'to/for powers' or 'by/with powers'. It is often used in contexts referring to spiritual or divine power, or to supernatural acts.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

G2274

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hess-SOH-thay-teh

Translations: you were overcome, you were defeated, you were made inferior, you were made worse

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be overcome,' 'to be defeated,' or 'to be made inferior/worse.' It is often used in a passive sense, indicating that the subject has suffered a defeat or has been outdone by someone or something else. For example, it could describe a situation where someone loses a battle or is found to be less capable than others.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΗΤΤΑΟΜΑΙ, ΝΙΚΑΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ἡσσάομαι (hēssaomai) is derived from the adjective ἥσσων (hēssōn), meaning 'less,' 'inferior,' or 'worse.' It describes the state of being made less or inferior.

G1577

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-as

Translations: of the church, of an assembly, of the congregation, churches, assemblies, congregations

Notes: This word refers to a gathering of people, an assembly, or a congregation. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Christian church, either a local gathering of believers or the universal body of believers. It can also refer to a secular assembly or a mob. The form 'ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑΣ' can be either the genitive singular (indicating possession or origin, 'of the church') or the accusative plural (indicating the direct object, 'churches').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G2659

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-NAR-kee-sah

Translations: I was a burden, I burdened, I was burdensome, I was a heavy burden

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and ναρκάω (narkao), meaning 'to be numb' or 'to be sluggish'. In this context, it means to be a burden or to cause a burden, often financially, implying a state of being burdensome or causing someone to be sluggish due to the weight of the burden. It is used to describe someone who imposes a financial or material burden on others.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΒΑΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΒΑΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word καταναρκάω is derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ναρκάω (narkao), meaning 'to be numb' or 'to be sluggish'. The root ναρκάω itself comes from νάρκη (narkē), meaning 'numbness' or 'torpor'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G2092

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-TOY-mohs

Translations: readily, promptly, quickly, at hand, in readiness, prepared

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'readily' or 'promptly'. It describes an action that is done with ease, speed, or a state of preparedness. It can indicate that something is available or at hand, or that an action is performed without hesitation. For example, one might 'readily' obey a command or be 'prepared' for an event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΤΑΧΕΩΣ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΤΟΙΜΩΣ is derived from the adjective ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ (hetoimos), meaning 'ready' or 'prepared'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of being 'at hand' or 'in order'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-khoh

Translations: have, hold, possess, keep, be able, be in a certain condition

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It can also mean 'to possess', 'to keep', or 'to be in a certain state or condition'. It is used in a wide variety of contexts to indicate possession, capability, or a state of being.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to Latin 'habeo' (to have) and English 'have'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EL-thayn

Translations: to come, to go, to arrive

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As an infinitive, it expresses the action of coming or going without specifying a subject or a particular tense relative to the main verb in a sentence. It often functions similarly to 'to come' or 'to go' in English, indicating purpose or result.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'. It is a very common verb in ancient Greek and its various forms are found throughout Greek literature and the New Testament.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G2659

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-nar-KAY-soh

Translations: I will be a burden, I will burden, I will be burdensome

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and ναρκάω (narkao), meaning 'to be numb' or 'to be sluggish'. Together, it means to be a burden or to cause someone to be sluggish or numb, often in the sense of being financially burdensome or a drain on resources. It describes the act of weighing someone down or being a financial imposition.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΑΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΒΑΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ναρκάω (narkao), meaning 'to be numb' or 'to be sluggish'. The root ναρκάω is related to the English word 'narcotic'.

G2212

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ZAY-toh

Translations: seek, look for, search for, inquire, demand, desire, live, may he live, long live

Notes: This word is a verb with two primary meanings. In one sense, it means 'to seek,' 'to look for,' or 'to search for' something or someone, often implying an earnest effort to find or obtain. It can also mean 'to inquire' or 'to investigate.' In another distinct sense, often used in exclamations or blessings, it means 'to live' or 'may he/she/it live,' as in 'long live the king.' The context determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice; or Third Person Singular, Present Imperative, Active Voice (in the sense of 'may he live')

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΖΗΤΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of seeking or searching.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1081

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GOH-nis

Translations: seed, offspring, a seed, an offspring, generation, birth, a birth

Notes: This word refers to that which is begotten or produced, such as seed, offspring, or progeny. It can also denote the act of begetting or birth itself, or a generation. It is used in various contexts to describe lineage or the source of life.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΠΕΡΜΑ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΟΝΙΣ (gonis) is derived from the verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to be born'. It relates to the concept of generation and origin.

G1589

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-da-pa-nee-THEE-so-mai

Translations: I will be utterly spent, I will be completely used up, I will be exhausted

Notes: This word describes the state of being completely spent or used up, often in a financial sense, but also metaphorically to describe being exhausted or worn out. It implies a thorough and complete depletion of resources or energy. It is a compound word formed from 'εκ' (out of, from) and 'δαπανάω' (to spend, expend).

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ, ΔΑΠΑΝΑΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΚΔΑΠΑΝΑΩ is formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΔΑΠΑΝΑΩ (dapanao), meaning 'to spend' or 'to consume'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of the base verb, indicating a complete or thorough expenditure.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psy-KHOHN

Translations: of souls, of lives, of spirits, of minds, of breaths

Notes: This word refers to the genitive plural form of 'psyche,' which means soul, life, spirit, or mind. It is often used to denote the inner self, the animating principle of a living being, or the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. In a broader sense, it can refer to life itself or a living being. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or relationship, meaning 'belonging to souls' or 'of souls.'

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑΤΩΝ, ΖΩΩΝ

G2276

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: HET-toh

Translations: less, worse, inferior, fewer, not less, no less

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'less' or 'worse', or as an adjective meaning 'inferior' or 'fewer'. It is often used in comparative constructions, indicating a lesser degree or quantity of something. For example, it can be used to say 'not less than' or 'no less than', emphasizing a minimum amount or degree. It is the comparative form of the adjective 'bad' or 'little'.

Inflection: Comparative Adverb, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Neuter (as an adjective)

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΣΣΟΝ, ΜΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ἧττο (hētto) is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective ἥττων (hēttōn), meaning 'inferior, weaker, worse'. It is related to the adverb ἧσσον (hēsson), which also means 'less' or 'worse'.

G0025

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-gah-POH-mai

Translations: I am loved, I am being loved, I am cherished, I am esteemed

Notes: This word is the first person singular, present tense, middle or passive voice form of the verb 'agapaō'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be loved' or 'to be cherished'. In the middle voice, it could imply 'to love oneself' or 'to be loved by oneself', though the passive sense is more common in Koine Greek. It describes the state of receiving love or affection.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present Tense, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΕΩ

G3835

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-noor-GOS

Translations: cunning, crafty, shrewd, unscrupulous, a cunning person

Notes: This word describes someone who is clever, skillful, or resourceful, often with a negative connotation implying deceit, trickery, or unscrupulousness. It can refer to someone who is cunning or crafty in a bad sense, but can also describe someone who is shrewd or resourceful in a neutral or even positive sense, depending on the context. It is used to describe a person's character or actions.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΙΟΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΣΟΦΟΣ

Etymology: From πᾶν (pan), meaning 'all' or 'every', and ἔργον (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. Thus, it literally means 'capable of all work' or 'doing everything', which evolved to signify 'cunning' or 'crafty'.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G0649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-TAL-kah

Translations: I have sent, I have dispatched, I have commissioned

Notes: This word is the first person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb 'apostellō'. It means 'I have sent' or 'I have dispatched'. The perfect tense indicates an action completed in the past with continuing results in the present. It implies that the sending has occurred, and the person or thing sent is still in the state of having been sent or is still on their mission.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΜΦΑ, ΕΞΑΠΕΣΤΑΛΚΑ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G4122

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-leh-oh-nek-TEH-sa

Translations: I defrauded, I took advantage, I gained an advantage, I was greedy, I coveted

Notes: This word is the first person singular, active voice, aorist indicative form of the verb 'pleonekteo'. It describes an action completed in the past, where the speaker took advantage of someone, defrauded them, or acted out of greed or covetousness. It implies a desire to have more than what is rightfully one's own, often at the expense of others.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΚΛΕΠΤΩ, ΔΟΛΙΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb 'pleonekteo' is derived from 'pleonektes' (G4123), meaning 'greedy' or 'one who has more'. This in turn comes from 'pleon' (more) and 'echo' (to have). Thus, it literally means 'to have more' or 'to desire to have more'.

G4842

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ap-es-TEE-lah

Translations: I sent with, I sent along with, I dispatched with

Notes: This word is a compound verb, combining 'συν' (with), 'απο' (from, away), and 'στελλω' (to send). It means to send someone or something along with another, or to dispatch them in company. It describes the action of accompanying someone or something that is being sent.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΠΕΜΠΩ, ΣΥΝΕΚΠΕΜΠΩ

Etymology: The word is formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (meaning 'with' or 'together'), the prefix ΑΠΟ- (meaning 'from' or 'away'), and the verb ΣΤΕΛΛΩ (meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch').

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FON

Translations: brother, a brother, fellow man, a fellow man

Notes: This word refers to a male sibling, a brother. It can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow human being, a countryman, or a member of the same community or faith. It is a masculine noun and is used here in the singular accusative case, typically functioning as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and 'δελφύς' (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G3381, G3382

Part of Speech: Particle, Noun

Sounds like: MAY-tee

Translations: surely, perhaps, whether, lest, counsel, wisdom, plan, skill

Notes: This word has two primary meanings depending on context. As an interrogative particle (G3381), it is used to introduce a question expecting a negative answer, often translated as 'surely...not?' or 'perhaps'. It can also introduce a question where the answer is uncertain, meaning 'whether' or 'lest'. As a noun (G3382), it refers to 'counsel', 'wisdom', 'plan', or 'skill'. This noun form is typically feminine.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as a noun)

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΣΟΦΙΑ

Etymology: The particle 'μητί' (G3381) is a compound of the negative particle 'μή' (not) and the enclitic interrogative particle 'τι' (what, why). The noun 'μῆτις' (G3382) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'μάομαι' (to seek, strive).

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G4043

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-pa-TEE-sah-men

Translations: we walked, we lived, we conducted ourselves, we behaved

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from περί (peri, "around") and πατέω (pateō, "to tread, to walk"). It literally means "to walk around" or "to walk about." Metaphorically, it is often used to describe one's manner of life, conduct, or behavior. In this form, it indicates an action completed in the past by a group including the speaker.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΖΑΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning "around" or "about," and the verb πατέω (pateō), meaning "to tread" or "to walk." The combination signifies walking in a particular area or manner.

G3819

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-LAI

Translations: long ago, of old, formerly, anciently

Notes: This word is an adverb of time, meaning 'long ago' or 'of old'. It is used to refer to events or states that occurred in the distant past. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating that the action or quality described happened or existed a considerable time before the present.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to spread, flat'. In Greek, it developed to refer to something that is 'old' or 'ancient', leading to its use as an adverb for 'long ago'.

G626

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-lo-GOO-meh-thah

Translations: we defend ourselves, we make a defense, we speak in defense, we apologize

Notes: This word means to make a defense, to speak in one's own defense, or to apologize. It is often used in legal or formal contexts where one is called upon to explain or justify their actions. It implies a reasoned argument or explanation rather than a simple admission of guilt. The word is a compound of 'APO' (from, away from) and 'LOGOS' (word, reason, speech), literally meaning 'to speak away from' or 'to speak in defense'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, First Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΟΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΛΟΓΙΑ, ΑΠΟΛΟΓΟΥΜΑΙ

G2713

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: kah-teh-NAN-tee

Translations: opposite, before, in front of, over against, in the presence of

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a preposition, indicating a position directly facing or opposite to something or someone. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. It describes being in the presence of, or confronting, another entity.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΑΠΕΝΑΝΤΙ, ΚΑΤΑΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the adverb ΕΝΑΝΤΙ (enanti), meaning 'opposite' or 'before'.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G3619

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MES

Translations: of building, of edification, of a building, of construction

Notes: This word refers to the act of building or constructing something, such as a house or a temple. It can also be used metaphorically to mean edification or spiritual building up, referring to the moral and spiritual growth of individuals or the community. In this form, it is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'of a building' or 'belonging to construction'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗΣ, ΔΟΜΗΣ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek words ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house', and ΔΟΜΗ (domē), meaning 'building' or 'structure'. It literally means 'house-building' or 'the act of building a house'.

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: ΕΛΘΩΝ is the aorist active participle of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed relative to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or manner of the main action, such as 'having come' or 'after he came'. It can also function adjectivally, describing a noun.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH

Translations: no, not, never, by no means

Notes: This word is a negative adverb used to express absolute negation. It is typically used before a vowel with a rough breathing mark (like 'ουχί' or 'οὐχ') or before a consonant with a smooth breathing mark (like 'οὐκ'). It denies a statement or fact, indicating that something is not true or does not exist. It can be used to negate verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂u- meaning 'not'. It is an ancient Greek negative particle.

G3634

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OY-oos

Translations: such as, of what sort, of what kind, what kind of, what sort of

Notes: ΟΙΟΥΣ is a relative pronoun or adjective used to introduce a clause that describes the quality or nature of something previously mentioned. It means 'such as' or 'of what sort'. It functions similarly to 'who' or 'which' but specifically refers to the kind or quality. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He saw people such as these' or 'He described things of what sort they were'.

Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΟΠΟΙΟΣ

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: THEH-loh

Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to will, to intend, to be willing

Notes: This verb expresses a desire, intention, or willingness to do something. It can be used to indicate a strong personal wish or a divine will. It often takes an infinitive to complete its meaning, indicating what is wished or willed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷhelh₁- (to want, wish). It is related to the English word 'will' (as in 'free will').

G2147

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EU-roh

Translations: I find, I discover, I obtain, I get, I come upon

Notes: This verb means to find, discover, or obtain something. It can refer to finding something lost, discovering something new, or obtaining something desired. It is often used in contexts of searching and then locating, or coming upon something unexpectedly.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΑΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to get' or 'to obtain'.

G3634

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: OY-on

Translations: such as, of what kind, what sort of, as, like, a such thing, a what sort of thing

Notes: ΟΙΟΝ is the neuter singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΟΙΟΣ. It is used to introduce a comparison, meaning 'such as' or 'as', or to ask about the quality or nature of something, meaning 'of what kind' or 'what sort of'. It can also function as a demonstrative, referring to something of a specific kind.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΟΙΑ, ΟΙΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (this) or the interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ (who, what).

G2054

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-ris

Translations: strife, contention, dispute, rivalry, discord, quarrel, a quarrel

Notes: This word refers to a state of conflict, disagreement, or rivalry. It describes a situation where people are at odds with each other, often leading to arguments or disputes. It can be used to describe both verbal disagreements and more intense forms of contention.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΔΙΧΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ΕΡΙΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be an ancient Greek term for discord or contention.

G5587

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psee-theer-is-MOY

Translations: whisperings, secret slanders, gossip

Notes: This word refers to secret, malicious talk or gossip, often implying a clandestine and harmful spreading of rumors or slander. It describes the act of whispering or murmuring with ill intent, typically to undermine or defame someone.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΑΛΙΑΙ, ΔΙΑΒΟΛΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΨΙΘΥΡΙΣΜΟΣ (psithyrismos) comes from the verb ψιθυρίζω (psithyrizō), meaning 'to whisper' or 'to murmur'. It is related to ψίθυρος (psithyros), meaning 'whispering' or 'slanderous'.

G5452

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-see-OH-sace

Translations: arrogance, conceit, pride, puffed-up states

Notes: This word refers to a state of being puffed up with pride, conceit, or arrogance. It describes an inflated sense of self-importance. It is typically used in a negative sense to denote a spiritual or moral failing.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΙΑ, ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΣΙΩΣΙΣ (physiōsis) is derived from the verb ΦΥΣΙΟΩ (physioō), meaning 'to puff up' or 'to inflate'. It relates to the idea of being filled with air or wind, metaphorically applied to pride.

G0181

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-kah-tah-STA-see-ai

Translations: instabilities, disorders, confusions, tumults, disturbances

Notes: This word refers to a state of instability, disorder, or confusion. It can describe civil unrest, political disturbances, or even a general state of turmoil and lack of peace. It implies a lack of settled order or a chaotic situation.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΧΗ, ΑΤΑΞΙΑ, ΣΥΓΧΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΑ (akatastasia) is derived from the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and the word ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ (katastasis), meaning 'a settling, an established order'. Thus, it literally means 'a state of not being settled' or 'disorder'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THON-tos

Translations: (of) having come, (of) coming, (of) having gone, (of) going, (of) arriving, when he had come, after he came

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a genitive singular masculine/neuter participle, it often functions adverbially, indicating time or circumstance. It can be translated as 'of having come/gone' or, more commonly in context, as a temporal clause like 'when he had come' or 'after he came'. It describes an action completed in the past relative to the main verb.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΗΚΟΝΤΟΣ, ΠΑΡΟΝΤΟΣ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EL-thon-tah

Translations: having come, having gone, who came, who went, a comer, a goer

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'erchomai' (to come or go). It describes an action that has already occurred, often translated as 'having come' or 'having gone'. It can function adjectivally, describing someone or something that performed the action of coming or going, or adverbially, indicating the circumstance or time of another action. For example, 'the one having come' or 'when he had come'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΗΚΟΝΤΑ, ΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΑ

G5014

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tah-pee-NOH-sees

Translations: humiliation, lowliness, humility, abasement, a humiliation, a lowliness, a humility, an abasement

Notes: This word refers to a state of lowliness, humility, or abasement. It can describe a humble attitude or a condition of being brought low, whether by circumstances or by choice. It is often used in a moral or spiritual sense to denote modesty and freedom from pride, but can also refer to a state of being humbled or humiliated.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΟΤΗΣ, ΕΥΛΑΒΕΙΑ

Etymology: Derived from the verb ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΩ (tapeinoō), meaning 'to humble' or 'to make low', which itself comes from the adjective ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΣ (tapeinos), meaning 'lowly' or 'humble'.

G4268

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pro-ay-mar-tay-KO-ton

Translations: of those who have sinned before, of those who have previously sinned, of those who sinned beforehand

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'προαμαρτάνω' (proamartanō), meaning 'to sin beforehand' or 'to previously sin'. It describes individuals who have committed sins prior to a specific point in time. It is used to refer to a group of people who are characterized by their past transgressions.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Perfect, Active

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΩΛΩΝ, ΑΝΟΜΩΝ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G167

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-ka-thar-SEE-ah

Translations: uncleanness, impurity, filthiness, a defilement

Notes: This word refers to a state of moral or ritual impurity, often associated with sin or defilement. It describes anything that is unclean, whether physically, ceremonially, or ethically, and is frequently used in the New Testament to denote moral depravity or spiritual corruption.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΙΑΣΜΟΣ, ΡΥΠΑΡΙΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ

Etymology: Derived from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, 'not') and 'καθαρός' (katharos, 'clean, pure'). It literally means 'not clean' or 'impurity'.

G4202

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: por-NEE-ah

Translations: fornication, a fornication, prostitution, a prostitution, sexual immorality, a sexual immorality

Notes: This word refers to illicit sexual intercourse, often used broadly to encompass any form of sexual immorality. It can also specifically denote prostitution or harlotry. It is used in sentences to describe acts or states of sexual impurity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΧΕΙΑ, ΑΣΕΛΓΕΙΑ, ΑΚΑΘΑΡΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word "ΠΟΡΝΙΑ" derives from the Greek word "πόρνη" (pornē), meaning "prostitute" or "harlot". It is related to the verb "πέρνημι" (pernēmi), meaning "to sell", implying the selling of oneself.

G0766

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-sel-GHEH-yah

Translations: licentiousness, sensuality, debauchery, wantonness, unbridled lust, a licentiousness, a sensuality

Notes: This word describes unbridled lust, sensuality, or debauchery. It refers to a shameless and unrestrained indulgence in vice, often with a public and defiant disregard for decency and moral standards. It implies a lack of self-control and a willingness to commit immoral acts openly.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΛΑΣΙΑ, ΑΣΩΤΙΑ

Etymology: The etymology is uncertain, but it is often thought to be derived from 'a' (negative particle) and 'selge' (possibly referring to the city of Selge in Pisidia, known for its wild and lawless inhabitants, or from 'selges' meaning 'rude, boisterous').

G4238