Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Codex Sinaiticus / 2 Corinthians / Chapter 102 Corinthians, Chapter 10
Interlinear version from Codex Sinaiticus (Beta)
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOS
Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same
Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').
Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: This is a first-person singular pronoun, meaning 'I' or 'me'. It is used when the speaker is referring to themselves as the subject of a verb (nominative case). It can also be used for emphasis.
Inflection: First person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a common first-person pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.
G3972
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: POW-los
Translations: Paul
Notes: This is the name of the Apostle Paul, a significant figure in early Christianity. He was formerly known as Saul of Tarsus and became a prominent missionary and writer of many New Testament epistles. It is used as a personal name.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Latin Paulus, meaning 'small' or 'humble'.
G3870
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PA-ra-ka-LOH
Translations: I call to, I invite, I comfort, I encourage, I appeal, I beg, I entreat
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to call alongside' or 'to call to one's aid'. Depending on the context, it can mean to comfort, encourage, exhort, appeal to, or entreat someone. It is often used to describe the act of providing solace or urging someone to action.
Inflection: First person singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΛΗΤΟΣ
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G4240
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: prah-OO-tay-toss
Translations: of gentleness, of humility, of meekness
Notes: This word refers to the quality of gentleness, humility, or meekness. It describes a disposition that is mild, gentle, and considerate, often in the face of provocation or difficulty. It is not weakness, but rather strength under control. In this form, it is the genitive singular, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΕΙΚΕΙΑ, ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ
Etymology: The word "πραότης" (praotēs) is derived from the adjective "πραΰς" (praÿs) or "πρᾶος" (praos), meaning 'mild', 'gentle', or 'meek'. It describes a disposition of inner calm and strength.
G4240
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: prah-OH-tay-tos
Translations: of meekness, of gentleness, of humility, of consideration
Notes: This word refers to the quality of meekness, gentleness, or humility. It describes a disposition that is mild, gentle, and considerate, often implying strength under control rather than weakness. It is used to describe a humble and patient attitude, especially in dealing with others.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΕΙΚΕΙΑ, ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΑΟΤΗΣ (praotēs) comes from the adjective πρᾶος (praos), meaning 'mild, gentle'. It describes a disposition that is calm and gentle, often associated with a humble and patient spirit.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G1932
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-pee-i-KEE-as
Translations: of gentleness, of forbearance, of equity, of fairness, of reasonableness, of clemency
Notes: This word refers to the quality of gentleness, forbearance, or reasonableness. It describes a disposition that is fair, equitable, and willing to yield or show leniency beyond what strict justice might demand. It is often used to describe a merciful or mild character, particularly in leadership or judgment.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΤΟΤΗΣ, ΠΡΑΟΤΗΣ, ΕΥΓΝΩΜΟΣΥΝΗ
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G5547
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: khree-STOO
Translations: (of) Christ
Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ (Christou), the genitive form of ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ (Christos). It refers to Jesus Christ, specifically indicating possession or origin, such as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It is commonly used in phrases like 'the grace of Christ' or 'the Spirit of Christ'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G3739
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction
Sounds like: HOS
Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when
Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G4383
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-OH-pon
Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance
Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G5011
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: tah-pee-NOS
Translations: lowly, humble, abased, poor, a lowly one, a humble one
Notes: This adjective describes someone or something as being low, humble, or abased. It can refer to a person's social status, their spiritual condition, or their general demeanor, often implying a lack of pride or high standing. It is frequently used in a positive sense to describe humility, but can also denote a state of being brought low or impoverished.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΤΩΧΟΣ, ΕΛΑΧΙΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: The origin of the word 'ταπεινός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a root meaning 'to press down' or 'to be low'. It has been used in Greek literature since ancient times to describe a state of lowness or humility.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EN
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEEN
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is a second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (plural). It is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative
G0005
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle
Sounds like: AH-pohn
Translations: absent, being away, away
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ἀπεῖναι' (apeinai), meaning 'to be away' or 'to be absent'. It describes someone or something that is not present in a particular place or at a particular time. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a substantive, referring to 'the one who is absent' or 'those who are absent'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΧΩΝ, ΕΚΤΟΣ
Etymology: From 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'εἰμί' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It literally means 'to be away from'.
G2292
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: thar-ROH
Translations: to be courageous, to be confident, to be bold, to take courage, to have confidence, to be of good courage
Notes: This verb means to be courageous, confident, or bold. It is often used to encourage someone to have good cheer or to not be afraid. It can be used in various contexts to express a state of inner strength or assurance.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΕΩ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ
Etymology: From θάρσος (tharsos, "courage, boldness").
G1519, G1520
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one
Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'
Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).
G1189
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DEH-oh-my
Translations: I beg, I pray, I ask, I entreat, I implore, I need, I want
Notes: This verb means to beg, pray, ask, or entreat. It often implies a sense of need or desire for something. It can be used to express a request to someone or for something, often followed by an infinitive or a genitive case indicating what is needed or requested.
Inflection: First person singular, Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ
Etymology: From an uncontracted form of the verb δέω (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to lack'. The middle voice often conveys the sense of 'to be in need of' or 'to ask for oneself'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G3918
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: pa-RON
Translations: present, being present, at hand, here, one who is present, a present one
Notes: This word is the masculine singular nominative present active participle of the verb 'πάρειμι' (pareimi), meaning 'to be present' or 'to be at hand'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is currently present or existing in a particular place or time. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the present man'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who is present').
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΕΝΩΝ, ΕΝΔΗΜΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'πάρειμι' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'εἰμί' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Thus, it literally means 'to be alongside' or 'to be present'.
G2292
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: thar-RHE-sai
Translations: to be courageous, to be confident, to take courage, to be bold, to have confidence
Notes: This word means to be courageous, confident, or bold. It is used to express the act of taking heart or having assurance. As an aorist infinitive, it often conveys the idea of 'to have taken courage' or 'to have become confident' in a general sense, without specifying a subject or a particular time, but rather the action itself.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΤΟΛΜΑΩ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G4006
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: peh-poy-THEH-see
Translations: (to) confidence, (to) trust, (to) assurance, (to) reliance
Notes: This word refers to a state of firm belief, reliance, or assurance. It implies a strong sense of trust or conviction in something or someone. It is often used in contexts of faith or security.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΙΣ, ΘΑΡΣΟΣ, ΕΛΠΙΣ
Etymology: From the perfect stem of the verb πεποίθα (pepoitha), meaning 'to have trusted' or 'to be confident', which itself comes from πείθω (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to trust'.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G3049
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: loh-GHEE-zoh-my
Translations: to reckon, to consider, to count, to calculate, to think, to impute, to suppose, to reason, to devise
Notes: This verb means to reckon, count, or calculate, often in a financial or numerical sense. It can also mean to consider, think, or reason about something, implying a mental process of deliberation or evaluation. In some contexts, it can mean to impute or attribute something to someone, such as righteousness or sin. It is used to describe both practical calculations and deeper intellectual or moral considerations.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word' or 'reason', combined with the suffix '-ίζω' which forms verbs. It implies an action related to reasoning, counting, or speaking.
G5111
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: tol-MEH-sai
Translations: to dare, to venture, to be bold, to presume
Notes: This word means 'to dare' or 'to be bold'. It is an infinitive form, which functions like a verbal noun, often used to complete the meaning of another verb or to express purpose. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He was afraid to dare' or 'They ventured to go out'.
Inflection: Aorist, Infinitive, Active
Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: EP-ee
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a
Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'
Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE-nas
Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things
Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G3049
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: loh-ghi-ZOH-meh-noos
Translations: calculating, considering, reckoning, counting, thinking, accounting, regarding, supposing
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λογίζομαι' (logizomai), meaning to calculate, reckon, or consider. It describes someone who is in the process of thinking, evaluating, or accounting for something. It is used to indicate an ongoing action of mental processing or deliberation.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Masculine, Plural, Accusative Case
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΚΡΙΝΩ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mas
Translations: us
Notes: This word is the first-person plural pronoun 'we' in the accusative case. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'us'. For example, 'He saw us' or 'They spoke to us'.
Inflection: First-person, Plural, Accusative
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G4561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SAR-kah
Translations: flesh, a flesh, body, a body, humanity
Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a living being, including humans and animals. It can also denote human nature, often with an emphasis on its weakness or mortality, or humanity in general. In some contexts, it can refer to the whole person or to earthly existence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑ, ΧΡΩΣ
G4043
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: peh-ree-pah-TOON-tahs
Translations: walking, a walking one, those walking, going about, living, conducting oneself
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to walk'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of walking or going about. In a broader sense, it can also refer to one's manner of life or conduct, indicating how someone lives or behaves.
Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΑΣ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ
Etymology: The word περιπατέω is a compound word formed from περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and πατέω (pateō), meaning 'to tread' or 'to walk'. Thus, it literally means 'to walk around' or 'to walk about'.
G4561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sar-KEE
Translations: flesh, body, a body, human nature, carnal nature
Notes: This word refers to flesh, the physical body, or human nature in general. It can also denote the carnal or sinful aspect of human nature, especially in a theological context. It is often used to distinguish the physical from the spiritual.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑ, ΧΡΩΣ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G4043
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: peh-ree-pa-TOON-tes
Translations: walking, those walking, a walker, going about, living, conducting oneself
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'peripateō', meaning 'to walk' or 'to go about'. It can function as a noun, referring to 'those who are walking' or 'walkers', or as an adjective, describing something as 'walking' or 'going about'. Metaphorically, it can refer to one's manner of life or conduct, meaning 'living' or 'conducting oneself'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ
G3756, G3757
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when
Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.
G4754
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: strah-TEV-oh-meth-ah
Translations: we serve as soldiers, we wage war, we fight, we contend
Notes: This word describes the act of serving as a soldier, engaging in military service, or waging war. It can also be used metaphorically to mean to contend or struggle, often in a spiritual or moral sense, as if fighting a battle. The form 'στρατευόμεθα' specifically indicates that 'we' are the ones performing this action.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, First Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΕΩ, ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word στρατεύω (strateuō) comes from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encampment'. It refers to actions related to an army or military service.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G3696
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OP-lah
Translations: arms, weapons, armor, hoofs
Notes: This word is a plural noun that can refer to military equipment such as arms, weapons, or armor. It can also refer to the hoofs of an animal. Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΝΥΞ
Etymology: The word ὅπλον (hoplon) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sep-, meaning 'to handle, to grasp'. It originally referred to any tool or implement, and later specialized to mean 'weapon' or 'armor'.
G4756
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: strah-TEE-as
Translations: of an army, of a host, of a company
Notes: This word refers to an army, a host, or a company of people, often with a military connotation. It is used to describe a group organized for a specific purpose, typically for warfare or a large gathering.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-moh
Translations: (of) us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'of us' or 'our' in English. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Genitive
G4559
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: sar-ki-KAH
Translations: carnal, fleshly, worldly, human, of the flesh, things of the flesh
Notes: This word describes something related to the flesh, human nature, or the physical world, often in contrast to spiritual matters. It can refer to human weakness, earthly desires, or things that are merely human in origin or character. It is used to describe actions, thoughts, or people that are governed by the physical or unregenerate nature rather than by the Spirit.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΑΡΚΙΝΟΣ, ΚΟΣΜΙΚΟΣ, ΑΝΘΡΩΠΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΑΡΚΙΚΟΣ (sarkikos) is derived from the Greek word ΣΑΡΞ (sarx), meaning 'flesh'. It describes something pertaining to or characteristic of the flesh.
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed
Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ
Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.
G1415
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: doo-NAH-tah
Translations: able, possible, powerful, mighty, strong, capable, a powerful one, a mighty one, powerfully, mightily
Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'able,' 'powerful,' or 'possible,' or as a neuter plural adjective used adverbially meaning 'powerfully' or 'mightily.' As an adjective, it describes someone or something possessing strength or capability. When used adverbially, it describes an action performed with great power or ability.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); or Adverbial (from neuter plural adjective)
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣΤΙΚΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-oh
Translations: to God, for God, God
Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a contracted form of the Koine Greek word ΘΕΩ (THEO). It is the dative singular form of the noun ΘΕΟΣ (THEOS), meaning 'God'. As a dative case, it typically indicates the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. Thus, it is commonly translated as 'to God' or 'for God'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G2506
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-theh-REH-sin
Translations: destruction, pulling down, demolition, overthrow, tearing down, bringing down
Notes: This word refers to the act of pulling down, demolishing, or overthrowing something. It can be used literally for the destruction of buildings or figuratively for the overthrow of arguments, strongholds, or powers. It implies a complete removal or bringing to an end.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΤΡΟΠΗ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΣΙΣ, ΑΦΑΝΙΣΜΟΣ
G3795
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: okh-y-RO-ma-ton
Translations: of fortresses, of strongholds, of fortifications, of bulwarks
Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, a stronghold, or a fortress. It can be used literally to describe physical fortifications or metaphorically to describe strong arguments, reasonings, or spiritual strongholds that need to be overcome. It is a compound word, derived from the verb 'ΟΧΥΡΟΩ' (to make strong, to fortify) and the suffix '-ΜΑ' which indicates the result of an action.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ
G3053
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: loh-giss-MOOS
Translations: thoughts, reasonings, calculations, plans, purposes, imaginings
Notes: This word refers to thoughts, reasonings, or calculations. It can describe the inner workings of the mind, including plans, purposes, or even evil imaginings. It is often used in a context referring to human reasoning or deliberations.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΣΜΟΣ, ΕΝΘΥΜΗΣΙΣ, ΒΟΥΛΗ
G2507
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: kah-thigh-ROON-tes
Translations: tearing down, pulling down, destroying, overthrowing, casting down, abolishing, bringing down, taking down
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'those who are tearing down' or 'while tearing down'. It describes the action of bringing something down from a higher position, whether physically (like tearing down walls) or metaphorically (like overthrowing arguments or high-minded thoughts). It implies an ongoing or continuous action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: PAN
Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole
Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.
G5313
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoop-SO-mah
Translations: height, elevation, high place, exaltation, a height, a high place
Notes: This word refers to a physical height or elevated place. Metaphorically, it can signify exaltation, dignity, or even pride and arrogance. It is used to describe something that is lifted up or raised.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΥΨΟΣ, ΑΝΑΣΤΗΜΑ, ΕΠΑΡΜΑ
Etymology: From the verb ὑψόω (hypsoo), meaning 'to lift up, to exalt', which comes from ὕψος (hypsos), meaning 'height'.
G1869
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: eh-pai-ROH-meh-non
Translations: being lifted up, being exalted, being raised, being arrogant, being proud
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'being lifted up,' 'being exalted,' or 'being raised.' In some contexts, it can also convey the sense of 'being arrogant' or 'being proud,' implying a self-exaltation. It describes an action that is ongoing and is being done to the subject (passive) or by the subject to itself (middle).
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΥΨΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ, ΑΙΡΟΜΕΝΟΝ
Etymology: The word ΕΠΑΙΡΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (EPI), meaning 'upon' or 'over,' and the verb ΑΙΡΩ (AIRO), meaning 'to lift' or 'to take up.' Thus, it literally means 'to lift up upon' or 'to raise over.'
G1108
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GNO-seh-ohs
Translations: of knowledge, of understanding, of wisdom
Notes: This word refers to knowledge, understanding, or wisdom. It is often used in a general sense to denote comprehension or acquaintance with facts or truths. It can also imply a deeper, more intimate understanding or insight.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-OO
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.
G0163
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ahee-khma-loh-TEE-zon-tes
Translations: taking captive, making captive, leading captive, subduing, enslaving
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'taking captive' or 'making captive.' It describes an ongoing action of capturing or enslaving someone or something. It can be used to describe people who are actively engaged in the act of taking prisoners or bringing others into subjection, often in a military or spiritual context. It implies a forceful act of bringing someone under one's power.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΟΥΛΟΩ
G3540
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOH-ay-mah
Translations: thought, mind, purpose, design, a thought, a purpose
Notes: This word refers to a thought, a mental perception, or a purpose. It can describe the content of one's mind, a plan, or an intention. It is often used in contexts relating to understanding, reasoning, or the inner workings of the mind.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΝΟΙΑ, ΕΝΝΟΙΑ, ΒΟΥΛΗ
Etymology: From the Greek verb νοέω (noeō), meaning 'to perceive, to think, to understand'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G5218
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-pah-ko-ANE
Translations: obedience, an obedience, submission, hearkening
Notes: This word refers to the act of listening attentively and responding to what is heard, leading to compliance or submission. It implies a willingness to follow instructions or commands, often in a religious or moral context. It is frequently used to describe the act of obeying God or His will.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΙΑ, ΥΠΟΤΑΓΗ
G2092
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-TOY-moh
Translations: readily, in readiness, at hand, prepared, ready
Notes: This word functions as an adverb, indicating a state of readiness or preparedness. It describes something that is available, at hand, or done without delay. It can be used to describe a person, object, or situation that is fully prepared for an action or event.
Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (functioning adverbially)
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΩΣ
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-on-tes
Translations: having, holding, possessing, keeping, holding fast, being in a state of, being able to, being, having power
Notes: This word is the present active participle, masculine nominative/vocative plural, or feminine nominative/vocative/accusative plural of the verb 'echo'. It describes someone or something that is in the process of having, holding, or possessing something. It can also indicate a state of being or an ability.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative/Vocative Masculine Plural, or Nominative/Vocative/Accusative Feminine Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G1556
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-dee-KAY-sai
Translations: to avenge, to vindicate, to punish, to exact punishment
Notes: This word means to avenge, to vindicate, or to punish. It implies taking action to right a wrong, either by defending someone who has been wronged or by inflicting punishment on the wrongdoer. It can be used in contexts of seeking justice or retribution.
Inflection: Aorist Active Infinitive or Aorist Middle Imperative (2nd person singular)
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΩΡΕΩ, ΑΜΥΝΩ
Etymology: From EK (out of, from) and ΔΙΚΗ (justice, right). It literally means 'to obtain justice from' or 'to exact justice'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PA-san
Translations: all, every, whole, an entire
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of something. For example, it can be used to say 'all people' or 'every house'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3876
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pah-rah-ko-AIN
Translations: disobedience, an act of disobedience
Notes: This word refers to the act of disobedience or a specific instance of disobedience. It implies a failure to hear or heed a command, often leading to a transgression. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'amiss', and 'ἀκοή' (akoē), meaning 'hearing' or 'obedience'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΕΙΑ, ΑΝΥΠΑΚΟΗ
G3752
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-tan
Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that
Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).
G4137
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: play-roh-THEE
Translations: be fulfilled, be completed, be filled, be made full
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be filled, to be completed, or to be fulfilled. It is often used in the context of prophecies being fulfilled, time being completed, or a vessel being filled. It describes a state of being brought to fullness or completion.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΓΕΝΟΜΑΙ, ΠΛΗΘΩ
Etymology: The word Πληρόω (plēroō) comes from πλῆρες (plēres), meaning 'full'. It is related to the concept of fullness or completion.
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G5218
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-pah-KO-ay
Translations: obedience, a hearing, a hearkening, submission
Notes: This word refers to the act of listening attentively and responding to what is heard, leading to compliance or submission. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, under) and 'ἀκούω' (akouō, to hear), literally meaning 'a hearing under'. It implies a readiness to obey or a state of being subject to authority.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΙΑ, ΥΠΟΤΑΓΗ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ὑπό' (hypo, under) and the verb 'ἀκούω' (akouō, to hear), meaning to hear under or to listen attentively, leading to compliance.
G0991
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: BLEH-peh-teh
Translations: you see, you look, you perceive, you behold, you beware, see!, look!, behold!, beware!
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'βλέπω' (blepō), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. It can be used in various contexts, from physical sight to mental perception or understanding. It can also function as an imperative, meaning 'see!' or 'look!', often used to draw attention or to warn, in which case it can be translated as 'beware!'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative
Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ
G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: AY
Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be
Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)
Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ
Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G3982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-POY-then
Translations: he has trusted, he has relied, he is confident, he has been persuaded, he trusts, he relies
Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb 'ΠΕΙΘΩ'. It describes a state of having been persuaded, resulting in a current state of trust or confidence. It is used to express reliance or belief in someone or something, often implying a settled conviction.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩ
Etymology: From the root of ΠΕΙΘΩ, meaning 'to persuade, to trust'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *bheidh- 'to trust, persuade'.
G1438
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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ah-TOH
Translations: (to) himself, (for) himself, (to) herself, (for) herself, (to) itself, (for) itself, (to) themselves, (for) themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the clause. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject itself. It can be used for singular or plural subjects, and its specific meaning (himself, herself, itself, themselves) depends on the gender and number of the subject it refers to. In this dative form, it often conveys the sense of 'to' or 'for' the subject.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to occur
Notes: This is the infinitive form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It signifies existence, occurrence, or a state of being. It is often used with other verbs to form periphrastic constructions or to express purpose or result. For example, it can mean 'to be' in the sense of 'he wants to be good' or 'it is about to happen'.
Inflection: Infinitive
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΓΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- 'to be'. It is cognate with English 'is' and Latin 'esse'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G3049
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: loh-ghi-ZEH-sthō
Translations: let him reckon, let him consider, let him calculate, let him think, let him account
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to reckon, calculate, consider, or think. It implies a process of careful thought or deliberation, often leading to a conclusion or judgment. It can be used in contexts of accounting, reasoning, or forming an opinion.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Middle/Passive, Imperative
Synonyms: ΝΟΕΩ, ΦΡΟΝΕΩ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G3825
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAH-lin
Translations: again, back, anew, once more, on the other hand, moreover, in turn
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'back'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a contrasting idea, similar to 'on the other hand' or 'moreover'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΥΘΙΣ, ΕΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (to turn, revolve). It refers to a turning back or repetition.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EF
Translations: upon, on, over, to, against, at, by, for, in, among, with, toward, concerning, because of
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), which means 'upon' or 'on'. The final vowel of ΕΠΙ is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'upon, on, over, during'; with the dative, it means 'on, at, by, for, in addition to'; and with the accusative, it means 'on, to, against, over, toward'. It is a very common and versatile preposition.
Inflection: Does not inflect (elided form of a preposition)
G1438
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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO
Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.
Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G2531
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: KAH-thohss
Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G2255
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: HEM-is
Translations: half, a half
Notes: This word refers to one of two equal parts into which something is divided. It can function as an adjective, meaning 'half', or as a noun, meaning 'a half'. It is often used in contexts describing the division of property, time, or other quantities.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the Latin 'semi-' and English 'semi-'.
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ
Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G4053
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: peh-ris-SO-teh-ron
Translations: more, more abundant, more exceedingly, more than enough, more than
Notes: This word functions as a comparative adjective or adverb, meaning 'more' or 'more abundant'. As an adjective, it describes something as being in greater quantity or degree. As an adverb, it modifies a verb or another adjective, indicating a higher degree of an action or quality. It is often used to emphasize an increase or surplus beyond what is expected or necessary.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (Adjective); Does not inflect (Adverb)
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΥΠΕΡΕΚΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΥ
Etymology: The word derives from the Greek adjective περίσσος (perissos), meaning 'exceeding, abundant, superfluous'. It is formed with the comparative suffix -τερος (-teros).
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G2744
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-khee-SOH-mai
Translations: I will boast, I will glory, I will exult
Notes: This word means 'I will boast' or 'I will glory'. It is used to express a future action of taking pride in something, often in a positive sense of exulting or rejoicing, but sometimes in a negative sense of arrogant boasting. It is a deponent verb, meaning it has a middle or passive form but an active meaning.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (Deponent), First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΣΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΠΑΣΟΜΑΙ
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G1849
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ex-oo-SEE-as
Translations: (of) authority, (of) power, (of) right, (of) liberty, (of) jurisdiction
Notes: This word refers to the right or privilege to act, often implying delegated power or authority. It can also denote the power to control or govern, or the sphere of one's jurisdiction. In some contexts, it signifies freedom or liberty to do something.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΕΩΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: HAYS
Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what
Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-doh-ken
Translations: gave, he gave, she gave, it gave
Notes: This word means 'gave' and is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'to give'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, often without emphasis on its duration or ongoing nature. It can be used in sentences like 'He gave a gift' or 'She gave a command'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΕΝ, ΑΠΕΔΩΚΕΝ, ΜΕΤΕΔΩΚΕΝ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-os
Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mee
Translations: us, to us, for us, by us, with us
Notes: This word is a first-person plural pronoun, meaning 'us'. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to us', 'for us', or sometimes 'by us' or 'with us' depending on the context and the preposition it might be used with.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, First Person
G3619
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MEN
Translations: building, a building, edification, a structure, construction
Notes: This word refers to the act of building or constructing something, or to the resulting structure itself. In a metaphorical sense, it can also mean 'edification' or 'spiritual building up,' referring to the process of strengthening or improving someone's character or faith. It is often used in contexts related to the growth and development of the church or individual believers.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΙΑ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.
G2506
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-thigh-REH-see
Translations: destruction, pulling down, demolition, overthrow, a destruction, a pulling down, a demolition, an overthrow
Notes: This word refers to the act of pulling down, demolishing, or overthrowing something. It can be used in a literal sense for the destruction of buildings or structures, or metaphorically for the overthrow of power, authority, or arguments. It implies a complete removal or bringing down.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΤΡΟΠΗ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΣΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΒΟΛΗ
Etymology: Derived from the verb ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ (KATHAIREO), meaning 'to take down, pull down, destroy.' It is formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down,' and the verb ΑΙΡΕΩ (AIREO), meaning 'to take, seize.'
G0153
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ahee-skhoo-THEE-soh-mahee
Translations: I will be ashamed, I will be put to shame, I will be disgraced
Notes: This word is the future passive indicative form of the verb 'aischyno', meaning 'to shame' or 'to disgrace'. In this passive form, it means 'to be shamed' or 'to be disgraced'. It describes a future state of feeling shame or experiencing public disgrace. It is used to express an individual's future emotional state of embarrassment or humiliation, or the future state of being dishonored.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΡΑΠΗΣΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΙΣΧΥΝΘΗΣΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From αἶσχος (aischos, "shame, disgrace").
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G1391
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dox-OH
Translations: I will glorify, I will honor, I will praise, I will magnify
Notes: This word is the first person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'δοξάζω' (doxazo). It means 'I will glorify' or 'I will honor'. It is used to express a future action of giving glory, praise, or honor to someone or something, often God.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΙΝΕΣΩ, ΤΙΜΗΣΩ, ΜΕΓΑΛΥΝΩ
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AN
Translations: if, perhaps, whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, as soon as, until, before
Notes: This word is a conditional particle used to express possibility, contingency, or indefiniteness. It is often used with the subjunctive mood to form conditional clauses, indicating that an action or state is dependent on a certain condition. It can also be combined with other words to form indefinite relative pronouns or adverbs, such as 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whenever'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΟΤΑΝ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The particle 'an' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en- meaning 'on, at'. It is an ancient Greek particle that has been used since classical times.
G1630
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-fo-BIN
Translations: to terrify, to frighten, to scare
Notes: This word means to terrify or frighten someone. It describes the act of causing great fear or alarm. In the provided context, it refers to the act of terrifying or intimidating someone through written communication.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΩ, ΠΤΟΕΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G1992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-is-to-LON
Translations: of letters, of epistles
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'epistole,' which means 'letter' or 'epistle.' It refers to written communications, often formal or official in nature. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'the content of the letters' or 'the author of the epistles.'
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΩΝ, ΒΙΒΛΙΩΝ
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral
Sounds like: AI
Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11
Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)
Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.
G1992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-is-to-LAI
Translations: letters, epistles
Notes: This word is the plural form of 'epistole,' meaning a letter or an epistle. It refers to written communications, often formal or official in nature, sent from one person or group to another. In ancient contexts, these were typically written on papyrus or parchment.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΑ
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the first-person singular pronoun 'me' in the accusative case. It is used as the direct object of a verb or as the object of certain prepositions, indicating the recipient of an action or the object being affected.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΜΕ (me) derives from the ancient Greek first-person singular pronoun. Its form has remained largely consistent throughout various stages of the Greek language.
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PHAY-sin
Translations: he says, she says, it says, he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is a common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone else has said or to introduce a direct quote. It can be translated as 'he says', 'she says', or 'it says', and often implies 'he/she/it said' in narrative contexts.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΗΜΙ (phēmi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak' or 'to show'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of speaking or declaring.
G0926
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: bah-REH-yah-ee
Translations: heavy, weighty, burdensome, grievous, severe, important
Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe something as heavy in weight, or metaphorically, as burdensome, difficult, or severe. It can also refer to something of great importance or authority. It is typically used to modify a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ, ΕΠΙΒΑΡΗΣ, ΟΓΚΩΔΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΒΑΡΥΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'heavy'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the sense of weight or burden.
G2478
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: iss-khoo-RAI
Translations: strong, mighty, powerful, able, a strong one, a mighty one
Notes: This word describes something or someone as being strong, mighty, or powerful. It can refer to physical strength, military power, or even moral authority. It is often used to emphasize the great capability or force of a person or thing.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ
G3952
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: par-oo-SEE-ah
Translations: presence, a presence, coming, arrival, a coming, a arrival, advent
Notes: This word refers to the state of being present, an arrival, or a coming. It can describe the physical presence of a person or thing, or the arrival of an event or a significant period of time. In some contexts, particularly in theological discussions, it can refer to the 'advent' or 'second coming' of Christ.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΦΑΝΕΙΑ, ΕΛΕΥΣΙΣ, ΑΦΙΞΙΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek, formed from the preposition παρά (para, 'beside, near') and the feminine participle οὖσα (ousa) of the verb εἰμί (eimi, 'to be'), literally meaning 'being beside' or 'being near'.
G4983
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SOH-mah-tos
Translations: of body, of a body, of flesh, of a flesh, of substance, of a substance
Notes: This word refers to the physical body, whether human or animal, or to a substance or material. It can also refer to a collective body, like a group of people. In a broader sense, it can denote the substance or reality of something, as opposed to its shadow or image. It is used to describe the physical aspect of a being or object.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΟΥΣΙΑ
G0772
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: as-theh-NES
Translations: weak, feeble, sick, ill, infirm, powerless, without strength, a weak person
Notes: This word describes someone or something that lacks strength, is feeble, or is in a state of illness or infirmity. It can refer to physical weakness, but also to moral or spiritual weakness, or a lack of power or influence. It is often used to describe those who are physically unwell or disabled.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine; or Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine; or Singular, Vocative, Masculine or Feminine. It can also be the root form for other inflections.
Synonyms: ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΑΣΘΕΝΕΙΑ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative prefix 'A-' (meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'ΣΘΕΝΟΣ' (STHENOS), meaning 'strength' or 'power'. Thus, it literally means 'without strength'.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-goss
Translations: word, a word, reason, a reason, account, an account, speech, a speech, message, a message, report, a report, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, saying, a saying, discourse, a discourse
Notes: The word 'logos' is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a wide range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, or a command. Beyond simple communication, it also encompasses concepts like reason, logic, an account, a narrative, or even a divine utterance or principle. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say, speak'. It refers to something said or thought, and its meaning evolved to encompass both speech and the underlying reason or thought.
G1848
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: ex-oo-the-nee-MEH-nos
Translations: despised, scorned, set at naught, made of no account, treated with contempt, one who is despised, the despised one
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'ἐξουθενέω' (exoutheneo), meaning 'to despise' or 'to treat with contempt'. As a participle, it functions adjectivally, describing someone or something that has been despised or treated as worthless. It indicates a state of having been utterly disregarded or held in low esteem.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΤΙΜΟΣ, ΕΥΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΗΤΟΣ
G5108
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toy-OO-tos
Translations: such, such a, such a kind, such a one
Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to refer to something or someone previously mentioned or implied, indicating their nature or quality. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, standing in for a noun (e.g., 'such a one').
Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It inflects to agree with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case.
Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun οὗτος (houtos, "this") and the correlative pronoun οἷος (hoios, "such as"). It literally means "this kind of".
G3634
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: OY-oy
Translations: such as, what sort of, what kind of, what a
Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe the quality or nature of something, often in an exclamatory or interrogative sense. It can mean 'such as' when referring to a quality already mentioned or implied, or 'what sort of' or 'what kind of' when asking about the nature of something. It can also be used to express admiration or surprise, similar to 'what a' in English.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-MEN
Translations: we are
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates existence or a state of being for a group of people, specifically 'we'. It is used to connect the subject 'we' with a predicate, describing what 'we' are or what state 'we' are in.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LO-go
Translations: (to) word, (to) reason, (to) account, (to) saying, (to) message, (to) speech, (to) matter, (to) thing, by word, by reason, by account, by saying, by message, by speech, by matter, by thing
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' (logos). 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' is a fundamental term in Greek, meaning 'word,' 'reason,' 'account,' 'speech,' or 'message.' In its dative form 'ΛΟΓΩ,' it often indicates the indirect object of an action, the means or instrument by which something is done, or the cause or reason for something. It can be translated with prepositions like 'to,' 'for,' 'by,' or 'with,' depending on the context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: DEE
Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14
Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ
Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G1992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-is-to-LO
Translations: letter, an epistle, a message
Notes: This word refers to a written communication, such as a letter or an epistle. It is commonly used in the New Testament to denote the letters written by apostles to various churches or individuals, serving as a means of instruction, encouragement, or correction.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
G0548
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: AH-pon-tes
Translations: absent, being absent, those who are absent
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being absent' or 'those who are absent'. It describes someone or something that is not present in a particular place or at a particular time. It functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating a state of absence.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΑΠΩΝ
Etymology: From the prefix ΑΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (EIMI), meaning 'to be'.
G5108
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toy-OO-toy
Translations: such, such a one, of such a kind
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to describe something that is of the nature or quality previously mentioned or implied. It can refer to people or things, indicating their character, quality, or type. For example, it might be used to say 'such people' or 'things of this kind'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣΔΕ, ΤΟΣΟΣΔΕ
G3918
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: pah-RON-tes
Translations: present, being present, those who are present
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'πάρειμι' (to be present). It describes someone or something that is currently in a particular place or situation. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the present people'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'those who are present').
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ
G2041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ER-goh
Translations: (to) work, (to) deed, (to) act, (to) labor
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ἔργον' (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. It indicates the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can refer to a physical task, a moral action, or a divine accomplishment.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΚΑΜΟΣ
G5111
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: tol-MOH-men
Translations: we dare, we venture, we presume, we are bold
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to dare', 'to venture', or 'to be bold'. It describes the act of having the courage or audacity to do something, often something risky or presumptuous. It is used to express that a group of people (we) are performing this action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΤΟΛΜΗΡΟΝ
G1407
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eng-KRI-nai
Translations: to approve, to commend, to judge worthy, to admit, to include
Notes: This word means to approve, commend, or judge someone or something as worthy. It is often used in the context of admitting someone into a group or including them in a category. It implies a favorable judgment or selection.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΕΠΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'εν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and the verb 'κρίνω' (krino), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'. Thus, it literally means 'to judge in' or 'to judge among', leading to the sense of approving or including.
G4793
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soong-KREE-nai
Translations: to compare, to interpret, to discern, to judge, to explain
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΚΡΙΝΩ (KRINO), meaning 'to judge' or 'to discern'. In its various forms, it can mean to bring things together for comparison, to interpret or explain something (like a dream), or to judge and discern between things. It implies a process of evaluating or understanding by bringing elements into relation with each other.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΞΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ow-TOOS
Translations: themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'themselves'. It is used to refer back to the subject of the sentence or clause, indicating that the action is performed by the subject upon itself. For example, 'they save themselves'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TEE-see
Translations: to/for some, to/for any, to/for certain ones, to/for someone, to/for anyone
Notes: This word is an indefinite pronoun, meaning 'someone,' 'anyone,' 'some,' or 'any.' It refers to an unspecified person or thing. In this form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' some people or things.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All Genders
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ (tis) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an enclitic indefinite pronoun.
G4921
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: soon-is-TAH-non-ton
Translations: of those commending, of those recommending, of those proving, of those establishing, of those standing with
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'those who are commending themselves' or 'those who are proving themselves'. It describes an ongoing action of presenting or establishing something or someone. It is often used reflexively, referring to people who are commending or proving themselves.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΙΣΤΩΝΤΩΝ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΩΣΙΝ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOY
Translations: they, themselves, to them, for them, to themselves, for themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun (they, them) or a reflexive pronoun (themselves). It can also be used to emphasize a noun, meaning 'the very' or 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the case and context. For example, in the nominative case, it typically means 'they' or 'themselves', while in the dative case, it means 'to them' or 'for them'.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΙ, ΟΥΤΟΙ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ah-TOYS
Translations: (to) themselves, (for) themselves, themselves, (among) themselves
Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'they gave to themselves' or 'they saw themselves'. It emphasizes that the subject is both the actor and the recipient of the action.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'ἑός' (heos, 'his own') and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self').
G3354
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: meh-TROON-tes
Translations: measuring, those who measure, as they measure
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'μετρέω', meaning 'to measure'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In this form, it indicates an ongoing action of 'measuring' or 'evaluating'. It can be translated as 'measuring' or 'those who are measuring', depending on the context.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΤΑΘΜΙΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΝΟΝΙΖΟΝΤΕΣ
G4793
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soong-KREE-non-tes
Translations: comparing, judging, discerning, interpreting
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'συγκρίνω' (synkrinō). It means 'comparing' or 'judging together'. It can be used to describe the act of evaluating two or more things in relation to each other, or to discern or interpret something by bringing different elements together. In some contexts, it can also mean to 'interpret' or 'explain' by comparing spiritual things with spiritual.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ
G4920
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-EE-sah-sin
Translations: they understand, they comprehend, they perceive, they know
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΙΗΜΙ (to send, to throw). In this form, it means 'to understand' or 'to comprehend'. It describes the act of bringing ideas or facts together in one's mind to grasp their meaning. It can be used to describe someone who has gained insight or knowledge about a situation or concept.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Perfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ is derived from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΙΗΜΙ (hiemi), meaning 'to send' or 'to put'. The combination conveys the idea of 'putting things together' mentally, leading to the meaning of understanding or comprehending.
G4920
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-ee-AH-sin
Translations: they understand, they comprehend, they perceive, they know
Notes: This word means to understand, comprehend, or perceive. It implies a mental grasp of information or a situation. It is often used to describe the act of putting things together in one's mind to form a coherent understanding. For example, 'they understand the words' or 'they comprehend the situation'.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek σύν (syn, 'with, together') and ἵημι (hiēmi, 'to send, to put'). The combination suggests 'to put together' in the mind, leading to the meaning of understanding or comprehending.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MACE
Translations: we
Notes: This word is a first-person plural pronoun, meaning 'we'. It is used as the subject of a sentence or clause, indicating that the action is performed by the speaker and one or more other people. For example, 'we go' or 'we believe'.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, First Person
Etymology: The word 'ΕΓΩ' (ego) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.
G280
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-MEH-trah
Translations: immeasurable, without measure, beyond measure, excessive, boundless, unlimited
Notes: This word describes something that is immeasurable or without limit. It is often used to convey the idea of something being excessive or going beyond proper bounds. In the provided context, it refers to boasting or glorying beyond what is appropriate or allotted.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΡΟϹ, ΑΠΕΡΑΝΤΟϹ, ΑΚΑΤΑΜΕΤΡΗΤΟϹ
G2744
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kow-KHEH-so-meh-thah
Translations: we will boast, we will glory, we will exult, we will pride ourselves
Notes: This word means 'we will boast' or 'we will glory'. It describes the act of taking pride in something, often in a positive sense of exultation or rejoicing, but it can also carry a negative connotation of arrogance or self-importance depending on the context. It is used to express future action.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Future, Middle Voice, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΚΟΜΠΑΖΩ
G3358
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEH-tron
Translations: measure, a measure, standard, limit, amount
Notes: This word is a noun that refers to a measure, a standard of measurement, or a specific quantity or amount. It can also denote a limit or a due proportion. It is used to describe anything that is measured or serves as a basis for measurement, whether literal or figurative.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΕΓΕΘΟΣ, ΠΟΣΟΝ, ΟΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΡΟΝ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *meh₁- meaning 'to measure'. It is related to other words concerning measurement and proportion.
G2583
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-NO-nos
Translations: of rule, of a rule, of standard, of a standard, of measure, of a measure, of limit, of a limit, of line, of a line
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'κανών' (kanōn), which refers to a straight rod, a rule, a standard, a measure, or a limit. It can also refer to a carpenter's line or a measuring rod. In a broader sense, it signifies a principle, a norm, or an established guideline. As a genitive, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' or implying 'belonging to' or 'according to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΡΟΝ, ΟΡΟΣ, ΣΤΑΘΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'κανών' is derived from the Semitic word 'qaneh', meaning 'reed' or 'cane'. It originally referred to a straight rod used for measuring or as a standard, and later evolved to mean a rule, standard, or principle.
G3307
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-MEH-ree-seh
Translations: he divided, she divided, it divided, he distributed, she distributed, it distributed, he shared, she shared, it shared
Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'μερίζω' (merizo). It means 'to divide,' 'to distribute,' or 'to share.' It describes an action that was completed in the past by a single subject, such as 'he divided' or 'it distributed.'
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΜΕΡΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΜΕΡΙΖΩ
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-oss
Translations: God, a God, Lord
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation, for the Greek word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos). It refers to God, the supreme being, or a god in a general sense. It is commonly used in the New Testament to refer to the God of Israel.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It refers to the supreme divinity, or a deity in general.
G3358
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEH-troo
Translations: of measure, of a measure, of a meter, of a standard, of a limit, of due proportion
Notes: This word refers to a measure, whether of length, capacity, or quantity. It can also denote a standard, a limit, or due proportion. In its genitive form, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'. It is used to describe a specific amount or a defined boundary.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΤΑΘΜΟΣ, ΚΑΝΩΝ, ΟΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΡΟΝ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *meh₁- meaning 'to measure'. It refers to the act or result of measuring.
G2185
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-phi-KES-thai
Translations: to reach, to arrive at, to attain, to come to
Notes: This word is the aorist infinitive form of the verb 'ephikneomai'. It describes the action of reaching or arriving at a destination, goal, or state. It can also imply the act of attaining something, such as knowledge or a desired outcome. It is often used in contexts where one strives to achieve or come into possession of something.
Inflection: Aorist, Infinitive, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΦΘΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G0891
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: AKH-ree
Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during
Notes: This word functions as a preposition or an adverb, indicating a limit in time or space. It means 'until' when referring to a point in time, or 'up to' and 'as far as' when referring to a spatial limit or extent. It can also mean 'even to' or 'even including'. It is often followed by the genitive case.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΕΩΣ, ΑΝΕΥ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word 'ἄκρος' (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'extreme', suggesting a sense of reaching a limit or extremity.
G2185
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ef-ik-NOO-meh-noy
Translations: reaching, attaining, arriving, coming to, extending to
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ephikneomai', meaning to reach, attain, or arrive at something. It describes an action of extending oneself or one's influence towards a goal or destination. It is often used to indicate the successful completion of a journey or the achievement of a particular state or object.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΦΘΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ
Etymology: The word 'ephikneomai' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'epi' (upon, to) and the verb 'hikneomai' (to come, to arrive). It literally means 'to come upon' or 'to arrive at'.
G5236
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-per-ek-TEE-noh-men
Translations: stretch beyond, overreach, extend too far
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπέρ' (hyper, meaning 'over' or 'beyond') and 'ἐκτείνω' (ekteinō, meaning 'to stretch out' or 'extend'). It describes the action of stretching or extending oneself or something beyond a proper or intended limit, often implying an overreach or going too far. It can be used to describe physical extension or metaphorical overstepping of boundaries.
Inflection: Present Indicative, Active Voice, First Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΥΠΕΡΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΕΡ (hyper), meaning 'over, beyond, above', and the verb ΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ (ekteinō), meaning 'to stretch out, extend'. ΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ itself comes from ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of', and ΤΕΙΝΩ (teinō), meaning 'to stretch'.
G5348
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ef-THA-sa-men
Translations: we arrived, we reached, we came, we attained
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'we arrived' or 'we reached'. It describes the action of a group of people (us) coming to a destination or achieving a goal. It is used to indicate the completion of a journey or the attainment of a certain point or state.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΗΛΘΟΜΕΝ, ΕΦΘΗΜΕΝ
G2097
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-ang-geh-LEE-zoh
Translations: I preach the gospel, I bring good news, I evangelize, I announce good tidings
Notes: This verb means to proclaim or announce good news, especially the gospel of Jesus Christ. It is often used in the context of sharing the message of salvation. It can be used transitively, taking a direct object (the good news itself), or intransitively, referring to the act of preaching.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΔΙΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ is a compound word derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and the verb ΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to proclaim'. Thus, it literally means 'to announce good news'.
G2744
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: kah-khoo-MOH-meh-noy
Translations: boasting, glorying, priding, exulting
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to boast' or 'to glory'. It describes someone who is currently engaged in the act of boasting, glorying, or exulting in something. It often carries a connotation of pride, sometimes positive (exulting in God) and sometimes negative (boasting in oneself or worldly things).
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΑΙΡΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΓΚΑΥΧΩΜΕΝΟΙ, ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΙ
G0245
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: al-LO-tree-oys
Translations: to others, to strangers, to foreigners, to aliens, to another's, to foreign things
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'belonging to another,' 'foreign,' 'alien,' or 'strange.' It describes something or someone that is not one's own, or that comes from a different place or group. In this inflected form, it indicates the dative case, meaning 'to' or 'for' others or foreign things. It can refer to people (strangers, foreigners) or possessions (another's property).
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΙΣ, ΕΤΕΡΟΙΣ
G2873
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KO-poys
Translations: (to) toil, (to) labor, (to) trouble, (to) effort, (to) weariness
Notes: This word refers to the act of toiling, laboring, or expending great effort, often implying weariness or trouble resulting from such exertion. It is used to describe hard work, struggle, or the distress that comes with it. In a sentence, it would indicate the means or circumstances by which something is done, or the recipients of the action.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΟΧΘΟΣ, ΠΟΝΟΣ, ΚΑΜΑΤΟΣ
G1680
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: el-PEE-dah
Translations: hope, a hope, expectation
Notes: This word refers to a confident expectation or anticipation, often with a positive outlook. It signifies a belief in the future and a trust that something desired will happen. It is commonly used in contexts of spiritual hope or general expectation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΙΑ
Etymology: From the root ἔλπω (elpō), meaning 'to hope' or 'to expect'. It is related to the idea of longing or looking forward to something.
G0837
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: owk-sah-no-MEH-nays
Translations: of increasing, of growing, of multiplying, of becoming greater, of being enlarged
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'auxano', which means to increase, grow, or multiply. It describes something that is in the process of becoming larger, more numerous, or more significant. It can refer to physical growth, numerical increase, or even the growth of influence or knowledge.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Singular, Feminine, Genitive
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΥΝΟΜΕΝΗΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΥΝΟΜΕΝΗΣ
Etymology: The word 'auxano' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to grow, to increase'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of growth or enlargement.
G4102
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pis-TEH-ohs
Translations: of faith, of belief, of trust, of conviction
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'πίστις' (pistis), meaning 'faith', 'belief', or 'trust'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English. For example, 'the work of faith' or 'by means of faith'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ, ΕΜΠΙΣΤΟΣΥΝΗ
G3170
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-gah-loon-THEE-nai
Translations: to be magnified, to be made great, to be exalted, to be glorified, to be praised
Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'megalynō'. It means 'to be made great' or 'to be magnified'. It can also convey the sense of being exalted, glorified, or praised. It describes the state of something or someone being made larger, more important, or highly esteemed by others.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑΖΩ, ΥΨΟΩ, ΑΥΞΑΝΩ
G3588
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2583
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ka-NO-na
Translations: rule, a rule, standard, a standard, measure, a measure, canon, a canon
Notes: This word refers to a straight rod, a measuring line, or a ruler. Metaphorically, it signifies a rule, standard, or principle by which something is judged or guided. It can also refer to a list or a fixed collection, such as a canon of scripture.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΡΟΝ, ΣΤΑΘΜΟΣ, ΟΡΟΣ
G4050
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: peh-ris-SEE-an
Translations: abundance, superfluity, excess, a surplus
Notes: This word refers to an overflowing quantity, an excess, or a superabundance of something. It describes a state of having more than enough, often implying a surplus or something left over.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝΑΣΜΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΒΟΛΗ
Etymology: The word derives from the Greek adjective περίσσος (perissos), meaning 'exceeding, abundant, superfluous', which itself comes from περί (peri), meaning 'around, about, beyond'.
G5236
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: hoo-per-EH-kee-nah
Translations: beyond, further on, to the regions beyond
Notes: This word is a compound adverb formed from the preposition 'hyper' (over, beyond) and the neuter plural of the demonstrative pronoun 'ekeinos' (that, those). It signifies a location or state that is 'beyond' a certain point or boundary, indicating a movement or presence in a more distant or remote area. It is used to express going or being in places further away.
Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form)
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΝ, ΕΞΩ
G2097
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-ang-ge-LI-sas-thai
Translations: to proclaim good news, to evangelize, to preach the gospel, to bring good tidings
Notes: This word is the aorist infinitive form of the verb 'euangelizo', meaning 'to evangelize' or 'to proclaim good news'. It describes the act of sharing a message of good tidings or the gospel. As an infinitive, it functions like 'to preach' or 'to announce' in English, often indicating purpose or result.
Inflection: Aorist, Infinitive, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΔΙΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ
G0244
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: al-loh-TREE-oh
Translations: to alienate, to estrange, to make foreign, to be alienated, to be estranged
Notes: This verb means to alienate or estrange someone or something, making them foreign or separate from a previous relationship or state. It can describe the act of causing a separation or the state of being separated or cut off. It is often used in a spiritual or relational context, indicating a loss of connection or belonging.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Active Indicative; or Dative Singular, Masculine/Neuter, Adjective (from ΑΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΣ)
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΩ, ΑΠΟΞΕΝΟΩ
Etymology: Derived from the adjective ΑΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΣ (allotrios), meaning 'belonging to another' or 'foreign', which itself comes from ΑΛΛΟΣ (allos), meaning 'other'. The verb form signifies the act of making something 'other' or 'foreign'.
G2583
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ka-no-NEE
Translations: to a rule, to a standard, to a measuring rod, to a carpenter's square, to a plumb line, to a pattern, to a limit, to a boundary, to a list, to a catalogue, to a tribute, to a tax
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'κανών' (kanon). It refers to a straight rod, a measuring line, a rule, a standard, or a pattern. In a broader sense, it can denote a limit, a boundary, or a list. It is used to indicate the recipient or object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΡΟΝ, ΟΡΟΣ, ΤΥΠΟΣ
G2092
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-TOY-mah
Translations: ready, prepared, in readiness
Notes: This word describes something or someone as being ready, prepared, or in a state of readiness. It can refer to things that are made ready, or people who are prepared for an action or event. It is often used to indicate a state of preparedness for a future action or situation.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative/Vocative Singular; or Feminine, Nominative/Vocative/Accusative Plural
Synonyms: ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ, ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΑΣΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἕτοιμος (hetoimos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old Indo-European root meaning 'to be at hand' or 'to be present'.
G2744
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kow-KHEH-sas-thai
Translations: to boast, to glory, to exult, to pride oneself
Notes: This word is an infinitive form of a deponent verb, meaning it has a middle or passive form but an active meaning. It signifies the act of boasting, glorying, or exulting in something or someone. It is often used in a positive sense, referring to legitimate pride or confidence, but can also be used negatively to describe arrogant boasting.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΚΟΜΠΑΖΩ
G2744
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: kah-khoo-OH-meh-noss
Translations: boasting, glorying, exulting, priding oneself, a boaster, one who boasts
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'boasting' or 'glorying'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in boasting or taking pride in something. It is often used in a negative sense, referring to arrogant or self-centered boasting, but can also be used positively to describe glorying in God or in one's faith. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or can be used substantively as 'the one who boasts'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΜΕΓΑΛΑΥΧΕΩ
G2962
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-oh
Translations: (to) the Lord, (to) a Lord
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΩ (Kyrio), which means 'Lord' or 'Master'. It is used in the dative case, indicating the recipient or indirect object of an action. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'to the Lord' or 'for the Lord'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ
G2744
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-oo-KHAH-sthoh
Translations: let him boast, let him glory, let him exult
Notes: This word means to boast, glory, or exult. It can be used in a negative sense, referring to arrogant or self-centered boasting, or in a positive sense, such as to glory in God. It is often used with a preposition like 'en' (in) followed by the thing one is boasting about.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Imperative, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΜΕΓΑΛΑΥΧΕΩ
G1438
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ahf-TON
Translations: himself, herself, itself, themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, or themselves'. It is used to refer back to the subject of the sentence, indicating that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject. For example, 'he saw himself'. It can be used for singular or plural subjects.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΝ
G4921
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: soon-is-TAH-nohn
Translations: commending, recommending, proving, establishing, introducing, presenting
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'συνίστημι' (synistēmi). It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can mean 'to commend' or 'to recommend' someone or something, indicating that one is presenting them as worthy or suitable. It can also mean 'to prove' or 'to establish' something, showing its validity or existence. In a sentence, it would describe the one who is doing the commending, recommending, or proving.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΝΩ
Etymology: The word 'συνίστημι' (synistēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'ἵστημι' (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to stand together' or 'to place together', which evolved to mean 'to bring together', 'to commend', or 'to establish'.
G1565
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAY-nos
Translations: that, that one, he, she, it, those, they
Notes: This word functions as a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, pointing to something or someone distant in space or time, or referring to a person or thing previously mentioned in discourse. It emphasizes distinction from something nearer or more immediate. It can be translated as 'that' when used as an adjective, or 'that one', 'he', 'she', 'it', 'they', or 'those' when used as a pronoun, depending on context and gender/number.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
Etymology: From a combination of the demonstrative particle 'eke' (indicating distance) and the pronominal ending '-inos'. It points to something 'over there' or 'that one yonder'.
G1384
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: DOH-kee-mos
Translations: approved, acceptable, tried, a tried one, a tested one
Notes: This word describes something or someone that has been tested and found to be genuine, trustworthy, or acceptable. It implies a process of examination or trial, after which the subject is deemed worthy. It can be used to describe a person who has proven themselves reliable or a thing that has passed a test of quality.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΥΑΡΕΣΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ, ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb δοκιμάζω (dokimazo), meaning 'to test, prove, examine'. It refers to something that has undergone a test and been found to be acceptable or genuine.
G2076
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It is commonly used to link a subject to a predicate, describing what the subject is or what state it is in. For example, it can mean 'he is' or 'it is', depending on the context.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G0235
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, however, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a contrast, an exception, or an emphasis. It often translates to 'but' or 'yet' when contrasting two ideas, or 'rather' when correcting a previous statement. It can also be used to add emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is an indeclinable particle.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.
G1510
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON
Translations: being, existing, a being, that which is
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being' or 'existing'. It describes something that is in a state of being or existence. As a neuter singular form, it often refers to 'that which is' or 'a being', and can function as a noun.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ
G4921
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-is-TEE-sin
Translations: establishes, commends, proves, introduces, stands with, brings together, combines, recommends
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (to stand, to set). It means to stand together with, to bring together, to establish, to commend, or to prove. It can be used to describe the act of setting something up, demonstrating a truth, or recommending someone or something.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΩ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (meaning 'with, together with') and the verb ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (meaning 'to stand, to set'). It literally means 'to stand together' or 'to set together'.
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