2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G0912

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: beh-seh-LEH-ayl

Translations: Bezalel

Notes: Bezalel is a proper noun referring to a specific individual in the Old Testament. He was the chief craftsman of the Tabernacle and was filled with the Spirit of God to skillfully design and execute all the work for the sanctuary. He is often mentioned in connection with his grandfather Hur and his father Uri, both from the tribe of Judah.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative. Proper nouns do not inflect in the same way as common nouns, but their case changes depending on their function in a sentence.

Etymology: The name Bezalel is of Hebrew origin (בְּצַלְאֵל, Bəṣalʼēl), meaning 'in the shadow of God' or 'under the protection of God'. It is a compound name reflecting a theological concept.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2728

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tekh-ry-SO-sen

Translations: he overlaid with gold, he gilded, he covered with gold

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'completely') and the verb χρυσόω (chrysoo, meaning 'to gild' or 'to make golden'). It means to completely overlay or cover something with gold, or to gild it thoroughly. It is used to describe the act of adorning an object or structure by applying a layer of gold to its surface.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΧΡΥΣΟΩ, ΕΠΙΧΡΥΣΟΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΧΡΥΣΟΩ is derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb χρυσόω (chrysoo), which comes from χρυσός (chrysos), meaning 'gold'. Thus, it literally means 'to make golden down' or 'to completely make golden'.

G2513

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ka-tha-ROH

Translations: clean, pure, innocent, undefiled, holy

Notes: This word describes something as clean, pure, or free from defilement, whether physical, moral, or ritual. It can refer to a person's character, a physical object, or a state of being. In the provided examples, it is used to describe a 'clean' person in contrast to an 'unclean' one, and also in an adverbial sense (ΚΑΘΑΡΩΣ) meaning 'purely' or 'completely'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΣ, ΑΜΙΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΜΟΛΥΝΤΟΣ

G5510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ekh-oh-NEV-sen

Translations: he cast, he melted, he smelted

Notes: This word is a verb that refers to the process of melting or smelting metals, often for the purpose of casting them into a specific shape. It describes the action of heating a substance, typically metal, until it becomes liquid, or separating metal from its ore by heat. It is used to describe the creation of metal objects or structures.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Etymology: From χοῦς (chous, "heap, mound, earth") and the suffix -εύω (-euō, forming verbs). The original sense relates to working with earth or ore, evolving to the process of melting and casting.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ahee-REIN

Translations: to take up, to lift, to carry, to remove, to take away, to bear, to raise

Notes: ΑἸΡΕΙΝ is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΑΙΡΩ. It means 'to take up,' 'to lift,' 'to carry,' or 'to remove.' It is used to express an action without specifying the subject or tense, often functioning like the English 'to' + verb (e.g., 'to lift the weapons'). Its meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, but it generally involves the action of moving something upwards or away.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΩ, ΥΨΟΩ, ΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The verb ΑΙΡΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the idea of lifting or raising.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G2435

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-las-TEE-ree-on

Translations: propitiatory, mercy seat, a place of atonement

Notes: This word refers to a place or means of propitiation or atonement. In the Old Testament context, it specifically denotes the 'mercy seat' or 'atonement cover' on the Ark of the Covenant, where the high priest would sprinkle blood on the Day of Atonement to make expiation for the sins of the people. In the New Testament, it can refer to Christ himself as the means of propitiation for sins.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΛΑΓΗ, ΕΞΙΛΑΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the verb ἱλάσκομαι (hilaskomai), meaning 'to propitiate' or 'to make atonement'. It refers to that which serves for propitiation or expiation.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G5501

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kheh-roo-BIM

Translations: cherubim

Notes: This word refers to a type of angelic being, often depicted as winged creatures, serving as guardians of sacred places or as attendants to God. It is a transliteration of a Hebrew plural noun and is used in the Septuagint and New Testament to describe these celestial beings.

Inflection: Plural, indeclinable (or sometimes treated as masculine plural nominative/accusative)

Etymology: The word Χερουβείμ is a transliteration of the Hebrew plural noun כְּרוּבִים (kərūḇīm), meaning 'cherubs' or 'cherubim'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint translation of the Old Testament.

G5509

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEH-roov

Translations: cherub, a cherub

Notes: This word refers to a cherub, which is a type of celestial being or angelic creature mentioned in the Bible. Cherubim (the plural form) are often depicted as guardians of sacred places, such as the Garden of Eden or the Ark of the Covenant, and are associated with God's presence and glory. They are typically described as having multiple wings and faces.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word "Χερουβ" is a direct transliteration from the Hebrew word "כְּרוּב" (kərūḇ), meaning "cherub." It entered Greek through the Septuagint (LXX), the Koine Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2435

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hee-las-TAY-ree-oo

Translations: of propitiation, of atonement, of the mercy seat, of the place of atonement

Notes: This word refers to a means of propitiation or atonement, often specifically the 'mercy seat' on the Ark of the Covenant in the Old Testament, which was the place where atonement was made. It can also refer to a sacrifice or offering that brings about reconciliation or forgiveness. In a broader sense, it signifies something that appeases divine wrath or makes reconciliation possible.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΛΑΓΗ, ΛΥΤΡΟΝ, ΑΠΟΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΛΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΝ (hilastērion) comes from the verb ἱλάσκομαι (hilaskomai), meaning 'to propitiate' or 'to make atonement'. It is related to the concept of appeasing a deity or making reconciliation.

G4639

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: skee-AH-zon-tah

Translations: shadowing, overshadowing, casting a shadow, shading, a shadowing, an overshadowing

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'skiazō'. It describes the action of casting a shadow or providing shade. It can be used to describe something that is currently shadowing or overshadowing another object or person, often implying protection or presence. For example, it might describe trees shading a path or a cloud overshadowing the land.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΙΑΖΩ, ΕΠΙΣΚΙΑΖΩ

Etymology: The verb σκιάζω (skiazō) comes from the noun σκιά (skia), meaning 'shadow'. It refers to the act of creating or being in a shadow.

G5132

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tra-PEH-zan

Translations: table, a table, bank, a bank, money-changer's table

Notes: This word refers to a table, often used for eating or for conducting business, such as exchanging money. It can also refer to a bank or a money-changer's stall. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΑΠΕΖΙΟΝ, ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ comes from the Greek prefix τετρα- (tetra-), meaning 'four', and the word πέζα (peza), meaning 'foot' or 'edge'. Thus, it literally means 'four-footed', referring to a table.

G4295

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: pro-KEE-meh-nen

Translations: set before, lying before, placed before, proposed, present, a set before, a lying before, a placed before, a proposed, a present

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to lie before' or 'to be set before'. It describes something that is placed in front of someone or something, or something that is present or at hand. It can also refer to something that is proposed or put forward for consideration. It is often used to describe an object or a situation that is immediately visible or available.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Middle/Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΚΕΙΜΕΝΗΝ, ΠΑΡΟΥΣΑΝ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ

G2826

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KLEE-toos

Translations: of a slope, of a side, of a hill, of a declivity

Notes: This word refers to a slope, a side, or a declivity, often in the context of a hill or a mountain. It describes a sloping surface or the side of something. In the provided examples, it refers to the side of an object or a part of a structure, indicating a specific section or area.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΥΡΑ, ΟΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΛΙΤΥΣ comes from the verb κλίνω (klino), meaning 'to lean, to incline, to bend'. It refers to something that is inclined or sloping.

G5132

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tra-PEH-zeess

Translations: of a table, of the table, of a bank, of the bank, of a money-changer's table, of the money-changer's table

Notes: This word refers to a table, often one used for eating or for conducting business, such as exchanging money. In the context of money, it can also refer to a bank or a money-changer's stall. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΑΠΕΖΙΟΝ, ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek τράπεζα (trápeza), literally 'four-footed', from τετράς (tetrás, 'four') + πέζα (péza, 'foot'). It originally referred to a four-legged table.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G4632

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKEV-ee

Translations: vessel, a vessel, instrument, an instrument, implement, an implement, goods, baggage, equipment, furniture

Notes: This word refers to an object or implement used for a particular purpose, such as a container (vessel), a tool (instrument), or personal belongings (goods, baggage). It can also refer to household items or equipment. It is often used in the plural to denote a collection of such items.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΞΑΡΤΥΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΑ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word derives from the verb σκευάζω (skeuazō), meaning 'to prepare, make ready, or equip'. It is related to the idea of things that are prepared or made for use.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G4690

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: spon-DEE-ah

Translations: libation bowls, libation vessels, bowls for drink offerings, vessels for drink offerings

Notes: This word refers to vessels or bowls used specifically for pouring out libations or drink offerings, which were common religious rituals in ancient times. It is a plural noun, indicating multiple such vessels.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΙΑΛΑΙ, ΚΥΑΘΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΠΟΝΔΕΙΟΝ derives from the Greek word σπονδή (spondē), meaning 'libation' or 'drink offering'. It refers to something associated with or used for such an offering.

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G4689

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: SPEY-say

Translations: he will pour out, he will make a libation, he will offer a drink offering, he will pour a drink offering

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to pour out' or 'to make a libation'. It is often used in the context of religious offerings, specifically pouring out liquids (like wine or oil) as a sacrifice to a deity. It can also refer more generally to pouring out any liquid. In the provided examples, it refers to pouring out offerings using specific vessels.

Inflection: Future Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΧΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1808

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ex-EH-khon-tes

Translations: prominent, outstanding, projecting, those who are prominent, the prominent ones

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'standing out' or 'projecting'. It can refer to something that physically protrudes or is elevated, or it can describe a person who is distinguished, eminent, or of high standing. It is used to describe things or people that are conspicuous or noteworthy.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΙΦΑΝΕΙΣ, ΔΙΑΦΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ

G1849

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ex-ee-SOO-meh-noy

Translations: being made equal, being equalized, equalizing, making equal

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to make equal' or 'to equalize'. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or has been completed, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It refers to something or someone that is in the process of being made equal or has been brought to a state of equality.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΙΣΟΩ, ΟΜΟΙΟΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΞΙΣΌΩ (exisoo) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἰσόω (isoo), meaning 'to make equal'.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G0206

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AK-rone

Translations: (of) highest, (of) outermost, (of) extreme, (of) top, (of) end

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΑΚΡΟΣ' (akros), meaning 'highest', 'outermost', 'extreme', 'top', or 'end'. It refers to the furthest or most extreme point or part of something, whether in terms of height, distance, or importance. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or relation to multiple such 'highest' or 'extreme' things.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΥΨΙΣΤΟΣ, ΕΣΧΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΚΡΟΣ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'point' or 'sharp'. It is related to words signifying the top or extremity of something.

G2599

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-RYOH-tah

Translations: knobs, nuts, nut-shaped ornaments

Notes: This word refers to small, rounded protuberances or ornaments, often shaped like nuts or acorns. It is the plural form of 'κάρυον' (karyon), meaning 'nut'. In architectural or decorative contexts, it would describe decorative elements resembling nuts or knobs. The example usage suggests it refers to parts of lamps that are shaped like nuts or knobs.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΥΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kerh₂- (to grow). It refers to the fruit of a tree, specifically a nut.

G1745

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-THEM-ee-ah

Translations: inlay, an inlay, setting, an insert, an inserted piece

Notes: This word refers to something that is placed or set into another object, often as an inlay or an inserted piece. It describes a component that is fitted within a larger structure, such as a setting for a jewel or an ornamental insert.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΜΒΛΗΜΑ, ΕΜΠΛΗΜΑ

Etymology: From the verb ἐντίθημι (entithēmi), meaning 'to put in, place in', which is formed from the preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and τίθημι (tithēmi, 'to place, put').

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G3775, G1510

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: OH-sin

Translations: ears, (in) ears, they may be, they should be, they are

Notes: This word is a homograph, meaning it can represent two different words with distinct meanings and origins. It can be the dative plural of the noun ΟΥΣ (ous), meaning 'ear', often used in phrases like 'in the ears of'. Alternatively, it can be the third person plural present subjunctive of the verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi), meaning 'to be', typically used in clauses expressing purpose or result, such as 'in order that they may be'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter (for 'ears'); Third Person, Plural, Present, Subjunctive (for 'to be')

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΗ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-THEH-mee-on

Translations: insertion, inlay, a piece inserted, a piece inlaid

Notes: This word refers to something that is inserted or inlaid into another object. It describes a component or piece that is specifically placed within something else, often for decorative or functional purposes. For example, it could refer to a piece of wood inlaid into furniture or a metal piece inserted into a mechanism.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: The word ἘΝΘΕΜΙΟΝ is derived from the verb ἐντίθημι (entithēmi), meaning 'to put in, to place in'. It describes something that has been put or placed inside.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.

G206

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-KROO

Translations: of the end, of the top, of the extremity, of the highest point, of the tip, of the summit, an end, a top, an extremity, a highest point, a tip, a summit

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ἈΚΡΟΣ', meaning 'end', 'top', or 'extremity'. It is often used in phrases like 'from the end of the earth' or 'to the very top'. It refers to the outermost or highest point of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΚΟΡΥΦΗ

Etymology: The word 'ἈΚΡΟΣ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'sharp' or 'pointed'. It refers to the highest or outermost point.

G2985

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lam-pa-DEE-oo

Translations: (of) lamp, (of) torch, (of) light

Notes: This word refers to a lamp or a torch, an instrument used to provide light. It is often used in a literal sense for a physical light source. It is a compound word, derived from the root ΛΑΜΠΩ (LAMPO), meaning 'to shine'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΥΧΝΟΣ, ΦΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΛΑΜΠΑΔΙΟΝ (lampadion) is a diminutive of ΛΑΜΠΑΣ (lampas), meaning 'torch' or 'lamp'. It is derived from the verb ΛΑΜΠΩ (lampō), meaning 'to shine' or 'to give light'.

G0509

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AH-noh-then

Translations: from above, from the top, again, anew, from the beginning

Notes: This word is an adverb that can have both a spatial and a temporal meaning. Spatially, it means 'from above' or 'from the top,' indicating origin or direction from a higher place. Temporally, it means 'again,' 'anew,' or 'from the beginning,' indicating a repetition or a fresh start. Its specific meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΛΙΝ, ἘΚ ΠΡΩΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΩΘΕΝ is formed from the adverb ἄνω (anō), meaning 'upwards' or 'above,' combined with the suffix -θεν (-then), which indicates origin or direction 'from' a place. Thus, it literally means 'from above' or 'from an upper place,' and by extension, 'from the beginning' or 'again'.

G4733

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: steh-REH-on

Translations: solid, firm, strong, steadfast, a solid thing

Notes: This word describes something that is solid, firm, or stable. It can refer to physical objects that are not hollow or easily moved, or metaphorically to something that is steadfast, unyielding, or reliable. It is often used to describe a foundation or a principle that is unshakeable.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΡΡΟΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΕΡΕΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ster-, meaning 'stiff, rigid'. It is related to words signifying firmness or rigidity.

G3650

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: HO-lon

Translations: whole, entire, all, complete, a whole, an entire

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'whole' or 'entire'. It describes something as being complete or undivided. It can be used to emphasize the totality of something, such as 'the whole house' or 'all the people'. In the provided examples, it refers to the entirety of a task or a place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΣΥΝΟΛΟΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary word; properly, 'all', 'the whole', 'entire'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G4069

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-ahr-GYOO-roh-sen

Translations: he silver-plated, he covered with silver, he plated with silver

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ἀργυρόω (argyroo), meaning 'to silver' or 'to plate with silver'. The word describes the action of covering something completely with silver, or silver-plating it all around. It is used to indicate that an object has been adorned or reinforced with a layer of silver.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΓΥΡΟΩ, ΕΠΙΑΡΓΥΡΟΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ἀργυρόω (argyroo), which is derived from ἄργυρος (argyros), meaning 'silver'.

G4769

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sty-LOH

Translations: (to) pillars, (to) posts, (to) columns

Notes: This word refers to a pillar, post, or column, which is a strong, upright support used in construction or as a monument. In this inflected form, it is in the dative plural, indicating the indirect object of an action or the recipient of something, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΙΩΝ, ΟΡΘΟΣΤΑΤΗΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (to stand). It refers to something that stands upright and supports.

G5553

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ekh-ry-SO-sen

Translations: he gilded, he overlaid with gold, he adorned with gold

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to gild' or 'to overlay with gold'. It describes the action of covering something with a thin layer of gold, or adorning it with gold. It is typically used in the past tense to describe an action that was completed.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΧΡΥΣΟΩ, ΚΑΤΑΧΡΥΣΟΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek χρυσός (khrusós, “gold”) + -όω (-óō, verbal suffix).

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G1614

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-TAY-neen

Translations: to stretch out, to extend, to reach out, to prolong

Notes: This word means to stretch out, extend, or reach out, often referring to a physical action like stretching out a hand or a limb. It can also be used in a more abstract sense to mean to prolong or lengthen something. It is commonly used in contexts where someone is reaching out for healing, help, or to perform an action.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ἘΚΤΕΝΩ, ἘΚΤΕΝΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: From the preposition ἘΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΤΕΙΝΩ (teinō), meaning 'to stretch'. Thus, it literally means 'to stretch out from'.

G2665

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-KA-loo-mah

Translations: covering, a covering, veil, a veil

Notes: This word refers to something that covers, conceals, or acts as a veil. It is used to describe an object that provides a protective or concealing layer over something else.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΥΜΜΑ, ΠΕΡΙΒΟΛΑΙΟΝ

Etymology: From the Greek verb κατακαλύπτω (katakalyptō), meaning 'to cover completely' or 'to veil'. It is formed from κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and καλύπτω (kalyptō), meaning 'to cover'.

G0694

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ar-GY-ras

Translations: silver, of silver, made of silver

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'made of silver' or 'silver'. It describes something that is composed of or related to silver. It can be used to describe objects, materials, or even qualities associated with silver, such as its color or value. In the provided examples, it modifies nouns like 'battlements' (ἐπαλξεις), 'bowls' (φιαλας), and 'base' (βασεως), indicating that these items are made of silver.

Inflection: Feminine, Genitive Singular or Feminine, Accusative Plural

G2374

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thoo-RAS

Translations: of a door, of a gate, doors, gates

Notes: This word refers to a door, gate, or entrance, which is an opening in a wall or fence that allows passage. It can also refer to the opportunity or access provided by such an opening. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate the place of entry or exit.

Inflection: Feminine, Genitive Singular or Accusative Plural

Synonyms: ΠΥΛΗ, ΕΙΣΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ΘΥΡΑ" comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a door or gate. It is related to words for door in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OW-tas

Translations: them, themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun meaning 'them' or 'themselves'. It is used to refer to a group of feminine nouns or persons in the accusative case, indicating that they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can function as a simple pronoun or as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the subjects themselves.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΦΑΣ, ΣΦΕΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek pronoun that has been in use since classical times, referring to 'self' or 'same', and developing into a general third-person pronoun.

G2379

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thoo-see-as-TEE-ree-on

Translations: altar, an altar

Notes: This word refers to an altar, a raised structure or place on which sacrifices or offerings are made to a deity. It is typically used in religious contexts to denote the sacred place where rituals involving offerings take place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word "ΘΥΣΙΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΝ" (thysiastērion) is derived from "θυσιάζω" (thysiazō), meaning 'to sacrifice', which in turn comes from "θυσία" (thysia), meaning 'sacrifice' or 'offering'. It literally means 'place of sacrifice'.

G5472

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: khal-KOON

Translations: bronze, brazen, of bronze, a bronze thing, the bronze thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'made of bronze' or 'brazen'. It describes something that is composed of or resembles bronze. It can be used to refer to an object or material that is bronze in nature, often functioning substantively as 'the bronze (thing)'.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΚΟΣ (chalkos), from which ΧΑΛΚΟΥΝ is derived, refers to copper or bronze. Its origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be a pre-Greek loanword.

G2689

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: kah-tah-stah-see-AH-sah-see

Translations: those who stirred up sedition, those who rebelled, those who caused a revolt

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'καταστασιάζω', meaning 'to cause sedition' or 'to stir up rebellion'. It describes individuals who have actively engaged in or initiated acts of revolt or civil unrest. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (down, against) and 'στασιάζω' (to rebel, to cause a standing).

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΑΣΙΑΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G4447

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: py-REH-on

Translations: firepan, censer, brazier, a firepan, a censer, a brazier

Notes: A pyreion is a vessel or pan used for carrying fire, coals, or incense. It was commonly used in ancient religious rituals, particularly in the temple or tabernacle, for offering incense or for handling the sacred fire from the altar. It could also refer to a brazier for heating.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΙΑΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΠΥΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word πῦρ (pyr), meaning 'fire'. The suffix -ειον indicates a place or instrument related to the root word.

G5352

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-AH-las

Translations: bowl, a bowl, phial, a phial, vial, a vial, (of) a bowl, (of) a phial, (of) a vial

Notes: This word refers to a shallow bowl or a broad, shallow cup, often used for libations or offerings. It can also refer to a vial or a phial, a small container for liquids. In the provided context, it appears in the plural, indicating multiple bowls or vials.

Inflection: Feminine, Accusative Plural or Genitive Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΚΡΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΑΛΗ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pre-Greek substrate language.

G3901

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-RAH-theh-mah

Translations: setting, a setting, deposit, a deposit, that which is set before, that which is placed beside, a network, a grating

Notes: This word refers to something that is placed beside or set before something else. In the context of the provided examples, it specifically refers to a network or grating, likely a bronze grating used with an altar. It can also generally mean a deposit or something entrusted to someone.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΤΥΟΝ, ΕΠΙΘΕΜΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb τίθημι (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. It literally means 'that which is placed beside'.

G2041

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ER-gon

Translations: work, a work, deed, act, task, business

Notes: This word refers to a work, deed, or action. It can describe anything that is done, whether it's a physical labor, a moral act, or a task to be accomplished. It is often used to denote the result of an action or the activity itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ergon' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *werǵ-, meaning 'to do' or 'to work'. It is related to English words like 'work' and 'energy'.

G1333

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dik-TOO-oh-ton

Translations: netted, net-like, of network, a netted thing

Notes: This word describes something that is made of a net, resembles a net, or is covered with a net-like pattern. It refers to the quality or characteristic of being like a net or having a network structure. It is often used to describe objects or materials that have an open, interwoven design.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From δίκτυον (diktyon), meaning 'net'. The suffix -ωτός (-ōtos) indicates 'made of' or 'resembling'.

G2736

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: KAH-toh-then

Translations: from below, below, underneath

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating a position or origin from a lower place. It is used to describe something that is located beneath another object or that comes from a lower point. For example, it can describe something coming up from the ground or being situated at the bottom.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΚΑΤΩ, ΚΑΤΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek κάτω (kátō, “down, downwards”) + -θεν (-then, suffix indicating origin or direction from a place).

G4442

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: py-REH-oo

Translations: of a fire-pan, of a censer, of a brazier, of a fire-pot

Notes: This word refers to a vessel used for holding fire, such as a fire-pan, censer, or brazier. It is typically used in a religious or ritual context for burning incense or offerings. In the provided examples, it refers to the part of an altar where fire is placed or a vessel for fire.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΙΑΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΠΥΡ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πυρεῖον (pyreîon), derived from πῦρ (pŷr, "fire").

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G2007

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-THEE-ken

Translations: he put on, he laid upon, he added, he imposed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (upon, over) and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (to put, place). It means to put or lay something upon or over something else, to add something, or to impose something. It is often used in contexts where an action is directed towards a surface or a person, such as laying hands on someone, placing a burden, or adding a name.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G3859

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-THEM-a-tos

Translations: of a deposit, of a trust, of a thing entrusted, of a thing committed, of a thing laid up

Notes: This word refers to something that has been deposited, entrusted, or committed to someone's care. It signifies a trust or a charge that has been placed with another, often for safekeeping or administration. It is used in contexts where something valuable, whether physical or abstract, is given over to another's responsibility.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΑΤΑΘΗΚΗ, ΠΙΣΤΙΣ

G1637

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-LAH-ee-on

Translations: oil, an oil, olive oil, an olive oil

Notes: This word refers to oil, most commonly olive oil, which was a staple in ancient Mediterranean cultures. It was used for food, fuel for lamps, anointing, and medicinal purposes. It can be used in sentences to refer to the substance itself, such as 'they brought the oil' or 'the oil was scarce'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From an assumed root related to the olive tree. It is connected to the word for olive, 'ἘΛΑΙΑ' (ELAIA).

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-gee-on

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy thing, a sacred thing, set apart

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'holy,' 'sacred,' or 'set apart.' It describes something that is consecrated to God, pure, or morally blameless. It can refer to places, objects, or people that are dedicated to divine service or possess a divine quality. In its neuter form, it can also refer to a 'holy thing' or 'sacred place.'

Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular; Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΙΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which inspires awe and reverence, particularly in a religious context.

G2513

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ka-tha-RON

Translations: clean, pure, innocent, a clean thing, a pure thing

Notes: This word describes something that is free from dirt, defilement, or moral impurity. It can refer to physical cleanliness, ritual purity, or moral blamelessness. It is often used to describe things that are unmixed or unadulterated. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating its state of purity or cleanliness.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΣ, ΑΜΙΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΜΩΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΘΑΡΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb καθαίρω (kathairō), meaning 'to cleanse' or 'to purify'.

G3068

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: loo-TAY-rah

Translations: basin, a basin, laver, a laver, washing vessel, a washing vessel

Notes: This word refers to a basin or laver, a vessel used for washing. It is typically a large container, often made of bronze, used for ritual or practical cleansing. It can be used in sentences to refer to the object itself, such as 'he carried the basin' or 'they filled the laver with water'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΕΚΑΝΗ, ΝΙΠΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek verb λούω (louō), meaning 'to wash' or 'to bathe'.

G3522

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: nees-TEV-sa-son

Translations: of those who have fasted, of those who fasted

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to fast'. It describes a group of people who have completed the action of fasting. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to those who fasted' or 'from those who fasted'.

Inflection: Aorist Active, Feminine, Genitive, Plural

Synonyms: ΝΗΣΤΕΥΟΝΤΩΝ, ΑΣΙΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word νηστεύω (nēsteuō) comes from the noun νηστεία (nēsteia), meaning 'fasting', which in turn comes from νῆστις (nēstis), meaning 'not eating' or 'fasting'. This is a compound of the negative prefix νη- (nē-) and a root related to ἐσθίω (esthíō), 'to eat'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G3149

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mar-ty-REE-oo

Translations: of testimony, of witness, of witness-bearing, of evidence, of a testimony

Notes: This word refers to a testimony, witness, or evidence. It is often used in a legal or religious context to denote a declaration of truth or a statement given as proof. In the provided examples, it refers to the 'tabernacle of testimony' or 'house of testimony', indicating a place where God's presence and commands were manifested as a witness to His people.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΣ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ

G4078

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PAY-xen

Translations: fixed, fastened, pitched, set up

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to fix, fasten, or set up. It is commonly used in the context of pitching a tent, setting up stakes, or making something firm and stable. It describes the action of making something stationary or secure.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΤΗΡΙΖΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΘΕΜΕΛΙΟΩ

Etymology: From the root *pag- meaning 'to fasten, make firm'. It is related to words like Latin 'pangere' (to fix, drive in) and English 'pact'.

G3475

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: MO-sees

Translations: Moses

Notes: This is the name of the great prophet and lawgiver of Israel, who led the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt and received the Ten Commandments from God on Mount Sinai. He is a central figure in the Old Testament and is often referred to in the New Testament.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Μωυσῆς (Mōysēs) in Greek is derived from the Hebrew name מֹשֶׁה (Mosheh), which is traditionally understood to mean 'drawn out' (from water), referring to his rescue from the Nile River.

G1525

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eis-por-yoo-OH-men-ohn

Translations: of those entering, of those going in, of those coming in

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'eis-poreuomai', meaning 'to enter' or 'to go in'. It is a compound word formed from 'eis' (into, to) and 'poreuomai' (to go, to proceed). As a participle, it describes an action being performed by a noun, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this form, it refers to the action of 'entering' or 'going in' by a group of people or things, used in a possessive or descriptive sense.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕἸΣΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ἘΜΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ΕἸΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition ΕἸΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ (poreuomai), meaning 'to go' or 'to proceed'. ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ itself comes from ΠΟΡΟΣ (poros), meaning 'a way' or 'a passage'.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G4334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-por-YOO-on-tai

Translations: they may approach, they may come near, they may go to

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros, meaning 'to, toward') and the verb ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ (poreuomai, meaning 'to go, to proceed'). It means to approach or come near to something or someone. It is often used in contexts of moving towards a specific place or person with a purpose.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Subjunctive Mood, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΛΗΣΙΑΖΩ

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3008

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lay-too-er-GEIN

Translations: to minister, to serve, to perform public service, to worship

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΕΩ. It means to perform a service, especially a public or sacred one. It is often used in the context of religious service or ministry, such as serving God or performing priestly duties. It is a compound word derived from 'λαός' (people) and 'ἔργον' (work), literally meaning 'to do work for the people'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΕΩ, ΔΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ

G3538

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-NIP-ton-toh

Translations: they were washing, they were washing themselves, they were being washed

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'nipto', meaning 'to wash'. In this form, it describes an action that was ongoing in the past, specifically that 'they' were performing the action of washing, either for themselves (middle voice) or being washed by someone else (passive voice). It is used to describe a continuous or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΟΥΩ, ΠΛΥΝΩ

G2509

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: ka-THA-per

Translations: just as, even as, as, according as

Notes: This word is a compound adverb and conjunction meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done in the same way or to the same extent as something else. It functions similarly to 'like' or 'as' in English, setting up a parallel between two actions or states.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΟ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down, according to', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which emphasizes the preceding word. It literally means 'down just as' or 'exactly according to'.

G2962