Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Josephus' Antiquities of the Jews / Book 1 / Chapter 22Book 1, Chapter 22
Interlinear version from Josephus' Antiquities of the Jews (Beta)
G3918, G3867
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-EEN
Translations: was present, were present, was advising, was exhorting, was encouraging
Notes: This word is an inflected form that can come from two different Koine Greek verbs. It can be the imperfect active indicative, third person singular or plural, of ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, meaning 'to be present' or 'to be at hand'. In this sense, it describes someone or something being in a particular place or situation. Alternatively, it can be the imperfect active indicative, third person singular, of ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ, meaning 'to advise', 'to exhort', or 'to encourage'. The specific meaning depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular or Plural (from ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ); Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular (from ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ)
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΗΜΕΩ, ΣΥΜΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: Delta, four, 4
Notes: Δ (Delta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number four. It is also used as a symbol in various contexts, including mathematics and science, though its primary function in Koine Greek texts is as a letter or a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Delta is derived from the Phoenician letter Dalet, which means 'door'.
G1782
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: en-TEF-then
Translations: from here, hence, thence, from this place, from this time, from that time, from this point
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating origin or sequence. It means 'from this place' or 'from this time/point onward'. It can be used to denote physical departure from a location or a logical progression from a previous statement or event.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ, ΕΝΘΑΔΕ
Etymology: This word is formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in) and the demonstrative stem 'τεῦθεν', indicating origin or direction from a place.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: neh-VROH-nah
Translations: Hebron
Notes: This word refers to Hebron, an ancient city in Canaan, which is now part of the West Bank. It is a significant location in biblical history, often mentioned in the Old Testament.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek word Νεβρώνα is a transliteration of the Hebrew name חֶבְרוֹן (Chebron), which means 'association' or 'joining'.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lin
Translations: city, a city
Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G5477
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KHA-na-NAI-oys
Translations: (to) Canaanites, (for) Canaanites
Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of the land of Canaan, a region in the ancient Near East. It is used as a plural noun to denote the people group.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G2749
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: KEE-meh-nane
Translations: lying, lying down, lying in, lying at, situated, placed, set, appointed, laid, laid up
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΚΕΙΜΑΙ', meaning 'to lie' or 'to be laid'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that is in a state of lying or being placed. It can refer to objects or people that are resting, situated, or set in a particular location. It often implies a passive state, something that has been laid down or is currently lying.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΗΝ, ΕΣΤΩΣΑΝ, ΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΗΝ
G1563
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-KAY
Translations: there, in that place
Notes: This word is an adverb of place, meaning 'there' or 'in that place'. It is used to indicate a specific location that has been previously mentioned or is understood from the context. It can describe where an action takes place or where something is situated.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΝΘΑ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂
Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *eke- (that, there).
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G2464
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-SAH-kos
Translations: Isaac
Notes: ἸΣΑΚΟΣ (Isakos) is the Greek form of the Hebrew name Isaac. He was the son of Abraham and Sarah, and the father of Jacob and Esau, a significant patriarch in the Old Testament. The name means 'he laughs' or 'laughter'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew Yitschaq (יִצְחָק), meaning 'he laughs' or 'laughter'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G1254
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-AH-ee-tan
Translations: way of life, manner of living, dwelling, abode, a way of life, a manner of living, a dwelling, an abode
Notes: This word refers to a way of life, a manner of living, or a dwelling place. It can describe someone's habits, customs, or the place where they reside. In a sentence, it might be used to describe someone's lifestyle or their home.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΙΟΣ, ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EE-kheh
Translations: he had, she had, it had, he was having, she was having, it was having
Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or a state of possession that existed in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He had a house' or 'She was holding the book'.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G1024
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: bra-KHEH-ah
Translations: short, brief, a short time, a brief time, a little while, a little
Notes: This word describes something as being short in duration or extent, or small in quantity. It can refer to a short period of time, a small amount, or something that is concise. It is often used in the neuter plural form to mean 'brief things' or 'a short time'.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΜΙΚΡΟΣ
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G240
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Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun
Sounds like: al-LAY-loys
Translations: one another, each other, to one another, to each other
Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'one another' or 'each other'. It is used to indicate that an action or relationship is mutual between two or more subjects. For example, 'they spoke to one another' or 'they loved each other'. It is always used in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G4937
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-dee-ah-tree-BOO-see
Translations: they spend time with, they associate with, they converse with, they tarry with
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'σύν' (with, together) and 'διατρίβω' (to spend time, to tarry). It means to spend time together with someone, to associate with them, or to converse with them. It is used to describe a group of people engaging in shared activities or companionship.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΙΜΙ, ΣΥΝΟΔΕΥΩ, ΣΥΝΟΜΙΛΕΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΩ (diatribō), meaning 'to spend time' or 'to tarry'. ΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΩ itself comes from ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', and ΤΡΙΒΩ (tribō), meaning 'to rub' or 'to wear out', evolving to mean 'to wear out time'.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G4479
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: reh-BEK-kan
Translations: Rebecca
Notes: This is the name of Rebecca, a prominent female figure in the Old Testament, the wife of Isaac and mother of Jacob and Esau. As a proper noun, it is used to refer specifically to this individual.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: From Hebrew רִבְקָה (Rivqah), meaning 'to tie, bind', possibly implying 'ensnarer' or 'captivating'.
G2385
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ah-KO-bos
Translations: James, Jacob
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the personal name James or Jacob. It is a common name found in the New Testament, referring to several individuals, most notably James, the brother of John, and James, the brother of Jesus. It is used to identify a specific person.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name ἸΑΚΩΒΟΣ (Iakōbos) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Ya'akov (יַעֲקֹב), which means 'supplanter' or 'he who grasps the heel'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint translation of the Old Testament.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G2638
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-teh-LAH-beh
Translations: he took, he seized, he apprehended, he overtook, he grasped, he understood, he attained
Notes: This word describes the action of taking hold of something, either physically or mentally. It can mean to seize, capture, or lay hold of, often with force or determination. In a more abstract sense, it can mean to grasp a concept, to understand, or to comprehend. It can also refer to overtaking someone or something, or to attaining a goal.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
Etymology: The word καταλαμβάνω is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. The combination suggests taking something down or taking firm hold of it.
G2223
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ZOH-san
Translations: to gird, to put on a belt, to equip, to arm, to strengthen
Notes: This word means to gird oneself, to put on a belt, or to equip oneself. It is often used metaphorically to mean to prepare for action, service, or battle, or to strengthen oneself. It implies readiness and preparedness.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΖΩΝΝΥΜΙ, ΕΝΔΥΩ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of the root of ΖΩΝΗ (zone), meaning 'belt'.
G2348
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: THNEES-kee
Translations: he dies, she dies, it dies, to die
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to die' or 'to be dead'. It is often used to describe the cessation of life, whether literally or figuratively. It can be used in various contexts to indicate the end of existence or vitality.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝῄΣΚΩ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *dʰwen- 'to die, disappear'. It is related to other Greek words concerning death and perishing.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: PO-loo
Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot
Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G864
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-PHIK-seh-ohs
Translations: of arrival, of coming, of return
Notes: This word refers to the act of arriving or coming to a place. It describes the moment or event when someone or something reaches its destination. It is often used in contexts describing a journey's end or a person's presence at a specific location.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΥΣΙΑ, ΕΛΕΥΣΙΣ
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-OO
Translations: of a son, of son, of the son
Notes: This word refers to a male offspring or descendant. It is commonly used to denote a son, but can also refer to a male child in general, or even a descendant in a broader sense, such as 'sons of Israel' meaning the people of Israel. In this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ
G5028
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tah-FESS
Translations: of burial, of a burial, of a tomb, of a grave
Notes: This word refers to the act of burial or the place where someone is buried, such as a tomb or grave. It is used to describe the process of interring a body or the final resting place. As a genitive noun, it often indicates possession or relationship, such as 'of burial' or 'belonging to a tomb'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΑΦΙΑΣΜΟΣ, ΜΝΗΜΑ, ΤΑΦΟΣ
G5177
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-TOO-khen
Translations: he happened, it happened, he obtained, it obtained, he received, it received, he met, it met
Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'τυγχάνω' (tynchanō). It means 'he/she/it happened' or 'he/she/it obtained/received/met'. It is often used to describe an event that occurred by chance or to indicate that someone came into possession of something or encountered someone/something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G3816
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pai-DON
Translations: of children, of boys, of servants, of slaves, of young men, of sons
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'παις' (pais). It refers to a child, boy, servant, or slave, and can also be used more broadly for young men or sons. In its genitive plural form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of children' or 'of servants', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΩΝ, ΔΟΥΛΩΝ, ΥΙΩΝ
G4862
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: soon
Translations: with, together with, along with
Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G1135
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: goo-NAI-kee
Translations: (to) woman, (to) a woman, (to) wife, (to) a wife
Notes: This word refers to a woman or a wife. As a dative case noun, it typically indicates the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to' or 'for' a woman/wife, or it can be used with prepositions that govern the dative case. It can also denote association or instrument, such as 'with a woman' or 'by means of a woman'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
G3499
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: NEH-broh-nee
Translations: Hebron
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Hebron, an ancient city in Judea. It is often used in the context of location, indicating 'in Hebron' or 'to Hebron'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word חֶבְרוֹן (Ḥeḇrōn), meaning 'association' or 'confederacy'. It was transliterated into Greek.
G3419
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mnay-MEH-oo
Translations: of a tomb, of a monument, of a memorial, of a sepulchre
Notes: This word refers to a place of remembrance, such as a tomb, monument, or memorial. It is often used to denote a burial place or a structure erected to commemorate a person or event. It can be used in sentences like 'They went to the monument' or 'The inscription on the tomb was ancient.'
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΑΦΟΣ, ΜΝΗΜΑ, ΤΥΜΒΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΝΗΜΕΙΟΝ (mnēmeion) comes from μνῆμα (mnēma), meaning 'memorial' or 'remembrance', which itself is derived from μιμνήσκω (mimnēskō), meaning 'to remind' or 'to remember'.
G4268
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: proh-goh-nee-KOO
Translations: of ancestors, ancestral, of forefathers, a forefather's
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'ancestral' or 'pertaining to ancestors/forefathers'. It describes something that belongs to or is derived from one's ancestors. For example, it could be used to describe ancestral traditions, property, or lineage.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ, ΠΑΛΑΙΟΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TEH
Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves
Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter
Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.
G5177
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: TIN-khan-on-TOS
Translations: of obtaining, of happening, of being, of meeting, of reaching, of falling upon, of getting, of receiving, of succeeding
Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter participle of the verb 'τυγχάνω'. It describes something that is 'obtaining', 'happening', 'being', or 'meeting'. It is often used to indicate that something is 'being' or 'existing' in a particular state or condition, or that someone is 'obtaining' or 'receiving' something. It can also mean 'to happen upon' or 'to meet with'.
Inflection: Participle, Present, Active, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
Etymology: From an intensive form of a root meaning 'to hit the mark'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh
Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-NEER
Translations: man, a man, husband, a husband
Notes: This word refers to a male human being, often specifically an adult male. It can also be used to denote a husband in relation to his wife. It is used in sentences to identify a male individual or a spouse.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, ΑΝΔΡΑΣ
Etymology: This word comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a 'man' or 'human being'. It is related to words for 'man' in various Indo-European languages.
G2317
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: theh-oh-fee-LEES
Translations: dear to God, beloved of God, God-loving, pleasing to God
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ΘΕΟΣ' (God) and 'ΦΙΛΟΣ' (dear, beloved, friend). It describes someone who is either loved by God or who loves God. It can also describe something that is pleasing or acceptable to God. It is used to characterize individuals who have a special relationship with the divine, often implying piety or divine favor.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ, ΕΥΑΡΕΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of Ancient Greek 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God', and 'ΦΙΛΟΣ' (philos), meaning 'dear, beloved, friend'. It literally means 'God-loving' or 'loved by God'.
G4307
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-NOY-ahs
Translations: of providence, of forethought, of care, of provision, of foresight
Notes: This word refers to the act of looking ahead, planning, or making provision for the future. It often carries the sense of divine foresight or care, as in God's providence. It can also refer to human forethought or planning. It is a compound word derived from πρό (pro, "before") and νοῦς (nous, "mind" or "thought").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΛΕΨΙΣ, ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΙΑ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΑ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LEES
Translations: (of) much, (of) great, (of) many, (of) a great (amount)
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'much', 'many', or 'great'. It is used to describe the quantity or extent of something. For example, it can refer to a large amount of something or a great number of people. It is often used in phrases like 'with much peace' or 'of great supply'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΣ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ
G0515
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ay-ksee-OH-meh-nos
Translations: deemed worthy, counted worthy, thought fit, considered worthy
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, indicating a state of having been deemed worthy or considered fit. It describes someone or something that has received a certain status or recognition. It is often used to describe a person who is considered deserving of something, such as honor, trust, or a particular position.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ἘΝΤΙΜΟΣ, ἈΞΙΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΞΙΌΩ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: HOOP
Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of
Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G0008
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: AB-ra-mon
Translations: Abram
Notes: This is the name of the patriarch Abram, who was later renamed Abraham by God. In this form, it is used as the direct object of a verb or preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G3962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-TEH-ra
Translations: father, a father
Notes: This word refers to a father or a male parent. It is used in a general sense to denote a biological father, an ancestor, or even a spiritual father figure. In this form, it functions as the direct object of a verb or preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: po-ly-khro-nee-OH-tah-tos
Translations: longest-lived, very long-lived, most long-lived
Notes: This word is a superlative adjective, meaning 'longest-lived' or 'very long-lived'. It describes someone or something that has lived for an exceptionally long time. It is a compound word formed from 'πολύς' (much, many) and 'χρόνος' (time), indicating an abundance of time or a long duration of life. It would be used to describe a person or entity that has endured for a great many years.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek words 'πολύς' (much, many) and 'χρόνος' (time), with the superlative suffix '-ώτατος'.
G0979
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: bee-OH-sas
Translations: having lived, lived, having spent one's life
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'to live' or 'to spend one's life'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often translated as 'having lived' or simply 'lived' depending on context. It indicates someone who has experienced or completed a period of living.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΖΑΩ, ΖΩΟΠΟΙΕΩ
G2094
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-tee
Translations: years
Notes: This word refers to a period of twelve months, commonly known as a year. It is used in the plural form to denote multiple years, often in contexts describing duration or age.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΙ, ΚΑΙΡΟΙ
G4002
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: PEN-teh
Translations: five
Notes: This word means 'five' and is used to denote the quantity of five units. It is an indeclinable numeral, meaning its form does not change regardless of the gender, case, or number of the noun it modifies. It functions like an adjective, specifying the count of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'five' and Latin 'quinque'.
G3589
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: og-DOH-ay-kon-tah
Translations: eighty
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'eighty'. It is used to indicate a quantity of eighty units and is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number. It functions similarly to the English word 'eighty' in a sentence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From the Greek word ὀγδοήκοντα (ogdoēkonta), meaning 'eighty'. It is derived from ὀκτώ (oktō), meaning 'eight', and a suffix indicating multiples of ten.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G1540
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: heh-KAH-ton
Translations: hundred, a hundred
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'one hundred'. It is used to indicate a quantity of one hundred units of something. For example, it can be used to describe a hundred people, a hundred years, or a hundred items.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin 'centum' and English 'hundred'.
G703
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-reh-TAYS
Translations: of virtue, of excellence, of moral goodness, of valor
Notes: This word refers to moral excellence, virtue, or valor. It describes a quality of high moral standing or outstanding ability, often implying courage or effectiveness.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣΥΝΗ, ΚΑΛΟΚΑΓΑΘΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'Ἀρετή' (aretē) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'ἀρή' (arē), meaning 'prayer' or 'curse', or from the root 'ἀρ-' (ar-), meaning 'to fit' or 'to join'. It evolved to signify excellence of any kind, and later, moral excellence.
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G0599
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-THA-nen
Translations: he died, she died, it died
Notes: This word means 'he died', 'she died', or 'it died'. It is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'to die'. It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, "from, away from") and θνῄσκω (thnēiskō, "to die"). The prefix ἀπό intensifies the meaning of the verb, emphasizing the finality of death.
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