2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G0746

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-KHEE

Translations: beginning, a beginning, rule, a rule, ruler, a ruler, first, origin, a first, a ruler, dominion, a dominion, principality, a principality

Notes: This word refers to the beginning of something, the first in a series, or the origin. It can also denote a position of authority, rule, or dominion, and by extension, the person holding such authority (a ruler or magistrate). It is used to describe the starting point of time, a sequence, or a source of power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΡΧΗ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ergʰ-, meaning 'to begin, rule'. It is related to words signifying 'first' or 'chief'.

G2936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EK-tee-sen

Translations: he created, he founded, he made, he built

Notes: This word means 'he created' or 'he founded'. It describes an action of bringing something into existence or establishing something. It is often used in contexts referring to God's creation of the world or the establishment of something new.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word κτίζω (ktizō) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to found' or 'to build'. It is related to the idea of establishing a settlement or creating something from scratch.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G3706

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-sin

Translations: sight, appearance, face, a sight, an appearance, a face

Notes: This word refers to the act of seeing, the faculty of sight, or the visible appearance of something. It can denote a vision, a physical appearance, or even the face or countenance of a person. It is used to describe what is seen or perceived.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΘΕΑ

Etymology: The word ὄψις (opsis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *okʷ- meaning 'to see'. It is related to other Greek words concerning sight and vision.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: er-KHO-me-nays

Translations: coming, a coming, of coming, of the coming, about to come, of the one coming

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'erchomai', meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that is in the process of coming or is about to come. It often refers to future events or persons.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ἩΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΩΝ, ΜΕΛΛΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'erchomai' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G0509

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AH-noh-then

Translations: from above, from the top, again, anew, from the beginning

Notes: This word is an adverb that can have both a spatial and a temporal meaning. Spatially, it means 'from above' or 'from the top,' indicating origin or direction from a higher place. Temporally, it means 'again,' 'anew,' or 'from the beginning,' indicating a repetition or a fresh start. Its specific meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΛΙΝ, ἘΚ ΠΡΩΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΩΘΕΝ is formed from the adverb ἄνω (anō), meaning 'upwards' or 'above,' combined with the suffix -θεν (-then), which indicates origin or direction 'from' a place. Thus, it literally means 'from above' or 'from an upper place,' and by extension, 'from the beginning' or 'again'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-theh-OH-on-toss

Translations: of observing, of looking upon, of inspecting, of reviewing

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine/neuter present active participle of the verb ἐπιθεωρέω (epitheōreō). It describes an action of observing, looking upon, or inspecting something. It implies a careful or close examination. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate an ongoing action.

Inflection: Participle, Present, Active, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΣΚΟΠΕΩ, ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΕΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-noo

Translations: having become, having come to pass, of having become, of having come to pass

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a genitive singular participle, it often indicates a causal or temporal relationship, meaning 'of one who has become' or 'when something has happened.' It describes an action that has already taken place and is often used to modify a noun in the genitive case.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

G2657

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-no-AY-sas

Translations: having perceived, having understood, having considered, having observed, having noticed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'thoroughly') and the verb νοέω (noeo, meaning 'to perceive' or 'to understand'). It signifies a thorough and careful perception, understanding, or consideration of something. It implies a deeper level of comprehension than simply seeing or hearing, often involving mental reflection or observation. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed, leading to a subsequent state or action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Participle

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

G1243

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-khoh-REE-seh

Translations: he separated, he divided, he distinguished, he made a distinction

Notes: This word means to separate, divide, or make a distinction between things or people. It is used to describe an action where one entity causes a division or a setting apart of others. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and χωρίζω (chōrizō), meaning 'to separate' or 'to divide'.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΑΦΟΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΧΩΡΙΖΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb χωρίζω (chōrizō), meaning 'to separate' or 'to divide'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or even authority, as a name often represents the person or entity itself. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive; Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. It is cognate with Latin nōmen and English name.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-theh-toh

Translations: he placed, she placed, it placed, he put, she put, it put, he laid, she laid, it laid, he made, she made, it made, he appointed, she appointed, it appointed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative form of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place,' 'to put,' 'to lay,' 'to make,' or 'to appoint.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used in sentences like 'He placed the book on the table' or 'She appointed him as leader.' The middle/passive voice suggests the subject either performed the action for themselves or had the action done to them.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἘΒΑΛΕΝ, ἘΠΟΙΗΣΕΝ, ἘΘΗΚΕΝ

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4316

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-ah-go-REH-oo-sas

Translations: having addressed, having greeted, having called, having named, having proclaimed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'προσαγορεύω'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject of the main verb, often translated as 'having addressed' or 'having called'. It indicates that the action of addressing or naming occurred prior to or concurrently with the main action of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΩΝΕΩ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G3392

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mee-AH-n

Translations: to defile, to pollute, to contaminate, to stain

Notes: This word describes the act of making something unclean, impure, or unholy. It can refer to physical defilement, such as staining or polluting, or to moral and spiritual defilement, such as corrupting or profaning. It is often used in a religious context to describe ritual impurity or sin.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΟΛΥΝΩ, ΡΥΠΑΙΝΩ, ΒΕΒΗΛΟΩ

Etymology: The word 'μιαίνω' (miainō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the concept of defilement and impurity.

G2425

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-ka-NOS

Translations: sufficient, adequate, competent, able, worthy, enough, a lot, many

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being sufficient, adequate, or competent for a particular purpose or task. It can refer to a quantity that is enough, or a person who is capable or worthy. It is often used to express that something is ample or abundant.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΚΕΤΟΣ, ΑΞΙΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the verb ἱκάνω (hikanō), meaning 'to reach, to arrive, to suffice'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-MEE

Translations: I am, to be, exist, happen

Notes: This is the Koine Greek verb 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to happen'. It is a fundamental and highly irregular verb, often used as a copula (a linking verb) to connect the subject of a sentence to a predicate noun or adjective, indicating identity or a state of being. It can also indicate existence or occurrence. For example, 'Ἐγὼ εἰμι' translates to 'I am'.

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: This verb is one of the oldest and most fundamental verbs in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G0591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-doo-NAI

Translations: to give back, to pay back, to render, to restore, to repay, to return

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἀποδίδωμι (apodidōmi). It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'back', and the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), meaning 'to give'. Therefore, it literally means 'to give back' or 'to give away from oneself'. It is used to express the action of returning something, paying a debt, rendering what is due, or restoring something to its original state or owner. It can be used in contexts of financial transactions, fulfilling obligations, or divine retribution.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΔΙΔΟΝΑΙ, ἈΠΟΤΙΝΕΙΝ, ἈΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΑΝ

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.

G5293

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pes-KHEE-mai

Translations: I have promised, I have undertaken, I have pledged

Notes: This is the first person singular perfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb ὙΠΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ (hypischneomai). It means 'I have promised' or 'I have undertaken'. The perfect tense indicates a completed action with continuing results. It is often used in the middle voice, emphasizing the subject's involvement in the action of promising.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Middle/Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΟΜΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word ὙΠΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ὙΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'from under', and the verb ΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ (ischneomai), which is related to ἼΣΧΩ (ischō), meaning 'to hold' or 'to restrain'. The combination suggests 'to hold oneself under' or 'to undertake', leading to the meaning 'to promise' or 'to pledge'.

G4794

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soong-grap-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having written, having compiled, having composed, having recorded

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle, meaning 'having written together' or 'having compiled/composed'. It describes someone who has completed the action of writing or compiling something, often with the sense of putting together a document, book, or record. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating the subject performed the action for themselves or in their own interest.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Middle, Participle

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΨΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΟΙΗΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-DOH-seen

Translations: to hand over, to deliver, to betray, to entrust, to give up

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning "beside" or "alongside," and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning "to give." It generally means to hand something over to someone, whether physically, legally, or conceptually. It can be used in various contexts, such as delivering goods, entrusting a task, or even betraying someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G0306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-BAL-loh-mai

Translations: to put off, delay, postpone, defer

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'back') and the verb βάλλω (ballō, meaning 'to throw'). It means to put off, delay, or postpone an action or event. It is used when someone defers something to a later time.

Inflection: Present, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΩ, ΧΡΟΝΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναβάλλομαι is derived from the prefix ἀνά- (ana-), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw'. The combination suggests a sense of throwing something back or putting it off.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1208

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dehf-TEH-rah

Translations: second, a second, the second

Notes: This word means 'second' and is the feminine singular form of the adjective 'δεύτερος'. It can be used to describe something as being in the second position or order. It is often used substantively, meaning 'the second one' (referring to a feminine noun) or 'the second thing'. It can also refer to the second day of the week, Monday.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'δευτέρα' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to follow' or 'to yield'. It is related to the concept of being next in sequence.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, how

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce various types of clauses. It can introduce a direct or indirect statement, often translated as 'that'. It can also introduce a causal clause, meaning 'because' or 'for', explaining the reason for something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'how'. It is a very common and versatile word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *yod, a relative pronominal stem. It is cognate with Latin 'quod' and English 'that'.

G1252

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-KREE-nas

Translations: having judged, having discerned, having distinguished, having decided, having separated, having made a distinction

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'διακρίνω' (diakrinō). It means to judge, discern, distinguish, decide, or separate. It implies making a careful distinction or evaluation, often leading to a decision or separation based on that judgment. It can be used to describe someone who has made a judgment or decision, or who has separated things or people.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΧΩΡΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eex-ee-OH-seh

Translations: he thought worthy, he deemed worthy, he considered worthy, he asked, he requested, he demanded

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀξιόω. It means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' or 'to think it right.' It can also mean 'to ask,' 'to request,' or 'to demand' something, especially when one feels entitled to it or believes it is appropriate. It describes an action completed in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΩΤΑΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀξιόω is derived from the adjective ἄξιος (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving.' It signifies the act of considering or treating someone or something as worthy or deserving.

G5021

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-TAKH-thai

Translations: to be arranged, to be ordered, to be appointed, to be set, to be assigned

Notes: This is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb 'τάσσω' (tassō). It describes a state of having been arranged, ordered, appointed, or assigned. It implies a completed action that results in a present state of order or designation. For example, it could be used to say 'it is written that it has been arranged' or 'to have been appointed to a position'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ

G2930

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kroo-STAL-lon

Translations: crystal, a crystal, ice, an ice

Notes: This word refers to a clear, transparent substance, most commonly crystal or ice. It is used to describe something that is pure, clear, and often sparkling, similar to how we might describe a diamond or a clear body of water. It can be used in sentences to describe the appearance or nature of an object.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: From Ancient Greek κρύσταλλος (krústallos), meaning 'ice' or 'crystal', which comes from κρύος (krúos), meaning 'frost' or 'cold'.

G4078

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-PEEK-sas

Translations: having fixed around, having fastened around, having planted around

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning "having fixed around" or "having fastened around." It describes an action completed in the past, often indicating the subject performed the action before another event. It is a compound word formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning "around," and πήγνυμι (pēgnymi), meaning "to fix, to fasten, to plant."

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G3571

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: NO-tee-on

Translations: southern, south, a southern (region/part)

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'southern' or 'of the south'. It is used to describe something located in or pertaining to the southern direction or region. For example, it could refer to a southern wind, a southern land, or the southern part of a structure.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word ΝΟΤΙΟΣ (notios) comes from ΝΟΤΟΣ (notos), which refers to the south wind or the south. Its origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek term for the south.

G5207

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hyoo-eh-TOH-dee

Translations: rainy, wet, moist

Notes: This word describes something as being rainy, wet, or moist. It is used to characterize conditions or objects that are affected by or associated with rain or moisture.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΓΡΟΣ, ΝΟΤΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὑετώδης (hyetōdēs) is derived from ὑετός (hyetos), meaning 'rain', and the suffix -ώδης (-ōdēs), which indicates 'full of' or 'resembling'. Thus, it literally means 'full of rain' or 'rain-like'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3189

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: mee-kha-nee-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having devised, having contrived, having invented, having schemed

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle, meaning 'having devised' or 'having contrived'. It describes an action completed by the subject, often implying a clever or cunning plan. It can be used to describe someone who has thought up or brought about something, whether good or bad.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΤΕΧΝΑΖΩ, ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΧΑΝΑΟΜΑΙ (mechanáomai) comes from the Greek word μηχανή (mechanē), meaning 'machine, device, contrivance'. It refers to the act of using ingenuity or skill to create or achieve something.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: IS-tay-see

Translations: he stands, she stands, it stands, he sets, she sets, it sets, he establishes, she establishes, it establishes, he appoints, she appoints, it appoints, he stops, she stops, it stops, he causes to stand, she causes to stand, it causes to stand

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἵστημι' (histēmi), meaning 'to stand,' 'to set,' 'to establish,' or 'to appoint.' It is used to describe an action of standing, setting something up, establishing a fact or a person in a position, or appointing someone. It can also mean to stop or cause something to stand still. The meaning can vary depending on the prefix attached to the root verb, as seen in compound verbs like 'ἀφίστησιν' (causes to depart), 'συνίστησιν' (establishes, causes to stand together), and 'διίστησιν' (separates, causes to stand apart).

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ, ΙΔΡΥΩ

G0381

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-na-KHEH-as

Translations: poured out, spread out, diffused, having poured out, having spread out

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb ἀναχέω, meaning 'to pour out' or 'to spread out'. It describes something that has been or is being poured out or diffused. It can be used to describe liquids, but also abstract concepts or even land being spread out.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΧΕΩ, ΔΙΑΧΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναχέω is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb χέω (cheo), meaning 'to pour'.

G2281

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tha-LAS-san

Translations: sea, a sea

Notes: This word refers to a large body of salt water, such as an ocean or a large lake. It is commonly used to describe the sea as a physical location or as a powerful natural force. In sentences, it often appears as the direct object of a verb, indicating something done to or with the sea.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΩΚΕΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'thalassa' is of pre-Greek, Mediterranean origin, likely borrowed into Greek from an earlier language spoken in the Aegean region. It is not derived from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G1093

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: GHEE-then

Translations: from the earth, from land, from the ground

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating origin or source from the earth, land, or ground. It is formed from the noun 'γῆ' (earth, land) with the suffix '-θεν', which denotes 'from' or 'from a place'. It describes the direction or origin of an action or state, meaning 'from the earth' or 'from the land'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (locative adverb)

Synonyms: ΓΗΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the noun γῆ (gē), meaning 'earth' or 'land', combined with the suffix -θεν (-then), which is an adverbial suffix indicating origin or direction 'from'.

G0393

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-TEH-lee

Translations: rose, arose, sprang up, appeared, dawned, shined

Notes: This verb means to rise, typically referring to the sun, stars, or light. It can also describe plants springing up from the ground, or something appearing or dawning. It is used to indicate the beginning or emergence of something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ἘΚΦΥΩ, ΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἀνατέλλω (anatellō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb τέλλω (tellō), meaning 'to accomplish' or 'to rise'. Thus, it literally means 'to rise up'.

G2246

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hay-LEE-oh

Translations: to the sun, for the sun, with the sun

Notes: This is the dative singular form of the noun 'sun'. It refers to the celestial body that gives light and heat to the Earth. In Koine Greek, the dative case often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the means by which something is done, or the time when something occurs (e.g., 'at sunrise').

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The word 'ΗΛΙΟΣ' (helios) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *seh₂wol-, meaning 'sun'. It is cognate with Latin 'sol' and English 'sun'.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loys

Translations: to others, for others, with others, other, another

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. In this inflected form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', or 'with'. It is a common word used to distinguish one group or item from another.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἄλλος (allos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G1989

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-ee-STEI-las

Translations: having sent a message, having written, having given instructions, having commanded

Notes: This is the aorist active participle, masculine, singular, nominative case, of the verb 'epistellō'. It means 'to send a message, to write, to give instructions, or to command'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action completed in the past by the subject of the main verb, often translated as 'having sent' or 'after sending'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΨΑΣ, ΠΕΜΨΑΣ, ΚΕΛΕΥΣΑΣ

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G5610

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-rohn

Translations: of hours, of times, of seasons

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun ὥρα (hora), which means 'hour,' 'time,' or 'season.' It refers to a specific point in time, a period of time, or a particular season. In its genitive plural form, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated as 'of hours,' 'of times,' or 'of seasons.' For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the end of the hours' or 'the signs of the times.'

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΙ, ΧΡΟΝΟΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *yeh₁- 'year, season'. In ancient Greek, it referred to a specific time or period, evolving to mean 'hour' as a division of the day.

G4591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: see-MAI-noyn-toh

Translations: might be signified, might be shown, might be indicated, might be made known, might be given a sign

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to give a sign,' 'to indicate,' 'to show,' or 'to make known.' In this inflected form, it suggests a potential or hypothetical action, indicating something that 'might be signified' or 'might be shown.' It is used to describe the act of conveying information or a message through a sign or indication.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Optative, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΕΝΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΙΝΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G0899

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-THOOS

Translations: of depth, of the deep, of the abyss

Notes: This word refers to a measure of distance downwards, indicating a profound or extreme degree of something. It can denote physical depth, such as the depth of the sea or a pit, or it can be used metaphorically to describe the profoundness of a concept, emotion, or mystery. It is a noun.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΒΥΣΣΟΣ, ΒΥΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΘΟΣ (bathos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷem-, meaning 'to go, to come'. It is related to words signifying 'bottom' or 'deep place'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2842

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koy-noh-nee-AH

Translations: fellowship, a fellowship, communion, a communion, participation, a participation, sharing, a sharing, contribution, a contribution, partnership, a partnership

Notes: This word refers to a close association involving mutual interests, sharing, and participation. It can describe a spiritual bond, a joint venture, or a contribution made to a common cause. It is often used in the context of Christian fellowship or sharing in the divine nature.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΟΧΗ, ΣΥΜΜΕΤΟΧΗ, ΣΥΝΟΜΙΛΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word κοινός (koinos), meaning 'common' or 'shared'. It refers to the state of having something in common or sharing in something.

G1752

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EH-neh-kah

Translations: because of, on account of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that means 'because of,' 'on account of,' or 'for the sake of.' It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case, indicating the reason or purpose for something. For example, one might say 'ΕΝΕΚΑ ΤΟΥ ΝΟΜΟΥ' (heneka tou nomou) meaning 'because of the law.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ, ΧΑΡΙΝ

Etymology: From an obsolete noun meaning 'cause' or 'reason'. It is related to the Greek word 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.

G4121

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pleh-oh-NAH-zayn

Translations: to abound, to be abundant, to overflow, to superabound, to increase, to be more than enough, to excel

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb meaning 'to abound' or 'to be in excess'. It describes something that is more than enough, plentiful, or goes beyond what is necessary or expected. It can also imply an increase or an excelling in something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΥΠΕΡΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ

Etymology: From πλεῖον (pleion), the neuter comparative of πολύς (polys, 'much, many'), meaning 'more'. The verb form implies 'to have more' or 'to be in abundance'.

G5449

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FY-sin

Translations: nature, a nature, kind, a kind, birth, a birth, natural order, a natural order, natural disposition, a natural disposition

Notes: This word refers to the inherent character, constitution, or essential quality of something or someone. It can describe the natural order of things, the way something is born or comes into being, or the innate disposition of a person or animal. It is often used in contrast to things that are artificial, man-made, or contrary to the natural order.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ

G1216

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: day-mee-oor-GAY

Translations: creates, makes, forms, fashions, produces, brings into being

Notes: This word describes the act of creating, making, or forming something, often with skill or craftsmanship, similar to how an artisan or craftsman would produce a work. It implies bringing something into existence or shaping it. It is used in the present tense, indicating an ongoing or habitual action.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΠΛΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word δημιουργέω (demiourgeō) is derived from the noun δημιουργός (demiourgos), which means 'craftsman, artisan, creator'. This noun is a compound of δῆμος (dēmos), meaning 'people, public', and ἔργον (ergon), meaning 'work'. Thus, a δημιουργός was originally 'one who works for the people' or 'a public worker', evolving to mean 'skilled worker' and then 'creator'.

G1085

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GEH-nos

Translations: race, kind, family, nation, offspring, stock, a race, a kind

Notes: This word refers to a group of people or things sharing a common origin, characteristic, or lineage. It can denote a family, a nation, a race, a species, or a type. It is often used to describe a lineage or descent, such as 'the race of Israel' or 'the family of David'. It can also refer to a general category or kind of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁- meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generation' in English.

G2338

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: THAY-loo

Translations: female, feminine, a female

Notes: This word refers to the female gender or characteristics. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as feminine or female, or as a noun to refer to a female person or animal.

Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, Vocative; Singular; Neuter (as an adjective or noun). It can also be used as the root for other inflected forms across genders and cases.

Synonyms: ΘΗΛΕΙΑ, ΓΥΝΗ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the idea of 'suckling' or 'softness'.

G4160

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: poy-AY-sas

Translations: having made, having done, making, doing, who made, who did

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed. It often translates as 'having made' or 'having done', indicating an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can also be translated as 'making' or 'doing' in certain contexts, or as a relative clause like 'who made' or 'who did'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΣ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOW-tay

Translations: of this, to this, by this, with this, this

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a feminine singular form, it can function as either a genitive case, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of this woman'), or a dative case, indicating indirect object or means (e.g., 'to this woman' or 'by means of this'). Its precise meaning depends on the context and the preposition it might be used with.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗ, ΕΚΕΙΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'οὗτος' (houtos), from which 'ταύτῃ' is derived, is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek. It is believed to have originated from a combination of the definite article and a pronominal stem, indicating proximity or reference to something previously mentioned.

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-mon

Translations: world, a world, universe, an universe, adornment, an adornment, order, an order

Notes: This word refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In the New Testament, it often refers to humanity or the sinful world system, but can also refer to the physical world. As an accusative noun, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-SAIS

Translations: to all, for all, with all, by all, all

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or entirety of something. As an adjective, it agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. In this form, it is used with feminine plural nouns in the dative case, often indicating the means, instrument, or indirect object.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (to protect, pasture, feed). It developed into the sense of 'all' or 'every' in Greek.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BANE

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.

G3606

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: O-THEN

Translations: from where, whence, wherefore, therefore, for which reason

Notes: This word is an adverb that can indicate either origin or consequence. It is used to ask or state 'from where' something comes or originates. It can also be used to mean 'therefore' or 'for which reason', indicating a logical conclusion or cause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟ, ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (meaning 'this' or 'that') combined with the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or source. It is related to other adverbs of place and origin in Greek.

G4970

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: skho-LAYN

Translations: leisure, a leisure, rest, a rest, idleness, an idleness, delay, a delay, school, a school

Notes: This word refers to leisure, rest, or time free from work. It can also denote a place where such leisure or study occurs, like a school or a place for philosophical discussion. In some contexts, it can imply idleness or delay. It is used to describe a state of being at rest or having free time.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ, ΑΡΓΙΑ

Etymology: The word derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *seǵʰ- meaning 'to hold, to have, to be able'. In ancient Greek, it evolved to refer to leisure or free time, and subsequently to the place where such time was spent, particularly for intellectual pursuits, leading to the meaning of 'school'.

G4316

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-ah-go-REH-on-tes

Translations: addressing, saluting, calling, naming, proclaiming

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'addressing' or 'saluting'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking to someone, often with a greeting or a specific title. It can also mean to call someone by a particular name or to proclaim something. It is used to describe the subject performing the action of addressing or naming.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΣΠΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ

G4521

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sah-BBAH-tah

Translations: Sabbaths, a Sabbath, the Sabbath, week

Notes: This word refers to the Sabbath, the seventh day of the week, observed by Jews as a day of rest and worship. In the plural form, it can refer to multiple Sabbaths or, by extension, to a 'week' as the period between Sabbaths. It is often used in contexts relating to religious observances or the passage of time.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'Σάββατον' (Sabbaton) is a transliteration of the Hebrew word 'שַׁבָּת' (Shabbat), meaning 'rest' or 'cessation'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint, the Koine Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible.

G1213

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: DAY-loy

Translations: shows, makes clear, reveals, manifests, declares, makes known, evident, clear, manifest

Notes: This word can function as a verb meaning 'to show, make clear, or reveal,' or as an adjective meaning 'clear, evident, or manifest.' As a verb, it describes the act of making something known or visible. As an adjective, it describes something that is already apparent or easily understood.

Inflection: Verb: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular; Adjective: Nominative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine; or Nominative/Accusative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΩ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΣ

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: too-NO-mah

Translations: the name, a name

Notes: This word is a crasis (a contraction of two words into one) of the definite article "τὸ" (to, meaning 'the') and the noun "ὄνομα" (onoma, meaning 'name'). It means "the name" and functions as a singular, neuter noun, typically in the nominative or accusative case. It is used to refer to a specific name or reputation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter (crasis of the definite article and noun)

Etymology: The word ὄνομα (onoma) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for 'name' in many other Indo-European languages.

G5443

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foo-see-oh-loh-GEH-in

Translations: to discourse on nature, to speculate about natural things, to explain natural phenomena, to philosophize about nature

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from 'φύσις' (nature) and 'λόγος' (word, reason, discourse). It means to speak or reason about natural things, to investigate or explain the workings of nature, or to engage in natural philosophy. It is used to describe the act of discussing or theorizing about the physical world and its processes.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΣΟΦΕΙΝ, ΘΕΩΡΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΣΙΟΛΟΓΕΩ is derived from the Greek words φύσις (physis), meaning 'nature' or 'origin', and λόγος (logos), meaning 'word', 'reason', or 'discourse'. It literally means 'to discourse on nature'.

G0756

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eer-XAH-toh

Translations: began, started

Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'he/she/it began' or 'he/she/it started'. It is used to indicate the commencement of an action or state, often implying that the subject initiated the action themselves (middle voice) or that the action simply began (passive voice).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to be first, to rule, to begin'. The middle voice ἄρχομαι means 'to begin' or 'to take the lead'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tays an-THROH-poo

Translations: (of) man, (of) a man, (of) mankind, (of) human being, (of) a human being

Notes: This word is a crasis (contraction) of the definite article τῆς (tēs, 'of the') and the noun ἀνθρώπου (anthrōpou, 'of man/human being'). It refers to the genitive singular form of 'man' or 'human being', indicating possession or relationship. It is used to describe something belonging to or related to a person or humanity in general. For example, 'the nature of man' or 'the works of humanity'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

G2680

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-skay-OOHS

Translations: of preparation, of construction, of equipment, of arrangement, of a preparation, of a construction, of an equipment, of an arrangement

Notes: This word refers to the act or process of preparing, constructing, or equipping something. It can also denote the resulting structure, equipment, or arrangement itself. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and σκευή (skeuē), meaning 'equipment' or 'preparation'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΙΑ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗ, ΣΚΕΥΗ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ is derived from the verb κατασκευάζω (kataskeuazō), meaning 'to prepare, construct, or equip'. This verb is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the noun σκευή (skeuē), meaning 'equipment' or 'preparation'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G5522

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHOON

Translations: dust, earth, dirt, a dust, an earth, a dirt

Notes: This word refers to fine, dry particles of earth or other matter. It is often used in contexts describing the ground, the act of throwing dust, or as a symbol of humility, mourning, or destruction. For example, it can describe the ground one walks on, or the dust that is thrown upon one's head as a sign of grief.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΗ, ΚΟΝΙΟΡΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word Χοῦς (Chous) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb χέω (cheō), meaning 'to pour', referring to something poured out or scattered.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah

Translations: spirit, a spirit, wind, a wind, breath, a breath

Notes: This word refers to 'spirit,' 'wind,' or 'breath.' In a physical sense, it can mean a gust of wind or the act of breathing. Theologically, it often refers to the Holy Spirit, a spiritual being, or the human spirit. It is a neuter noun and its meaning can vary depending on the context, from a literal breeze to a divine essence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: The word ΠΝΕΥΜΑ derives from the verb πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe,' 'to blow,' or 'to gasp.' It refers to something that is breathed or blown.

G1749

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EE-ken

Translations: he sent in, she sent in, it sent in, he put in, she put in, it put in, he cast in, she cast in, it cast in

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἐνίημι' (en-iēmi), meaning 'to send in,' 'to put in,' or 'to cast in.' It describes an action that was completed in the past, often with a sense of bringing something into a place or state. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'he sent in the letter' or 'it put in the effort.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΜΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΙΣΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ἐνίημι is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'into,' and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to let go.' Thus, its meaning is literally 'to send in' or 'to put into.'

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PSY-khen

Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poss

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person

Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G1546

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-lay-THEE

Translations: he was called, she was called, it was called, he was summoned, she was summoned, it was summoned

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be called' or 'to be summoned'. It is the passive voice of the verb 'to call out' or 'to summon'. It describes an action where someone or something is the recipient of a calling or summoning. For example, 'he was called' to a meeting, or 'it was called' by a certain name.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΚΑΛΕΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΚΑΛΕΩ (kaleō), meaning 'to call'.

G1897

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-peh-dee-PAYR

Translations: since, inasmuch as, seeing that, because, forasmuch as

Notes: This word is a compound conjunction, formed from 'ἐπειδή' (since, when) and the emphatic particle 'περ' (indeed, very). It is used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for something, emphasizing the certainty or factuality of that reason. It can be translated as 'since indeed' or 'inasmuch as'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΔΗ, ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the conjunction 'ἐπειδή' (since, when) and the emphatic particle 'περ' (indeed, very). 'Ἐπειδή' itself comes from 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and 'δή' (indeed, now).

G5453

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: foo-rah-THEY-sees

Translations: of having been mixed, of having been kneaded, of having been mingled

Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the aorist passive participle of the verb ΦΥΡΑΩ (phyrao). It describes something that has undergone the action of being mixed, kneaded, or mingled. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun and indicating a completed action that was done to the subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΚΕΡΑΝΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΡΑΩ (phyrao) is derived from the root ΦΥΡ- (phyr-), meaning 'to mix' or 'to knead'. It is related to the idea of combining elements into a single mass.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G3936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-ris-TEE-see

Translations: presents, stands by, offers, provides, brings forward, shows, demonstrates

Notes: This word means to present, to stand by, to offer, or to provide. It can also mean to bring forward, show, or demonstrate. It is used to describe the act of bringing something or someone into the presence of another, or to make something available or evident. For example, it can describe God presenting animals to Adam, or a person presenting an argument.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΑΓΩ, ΔΕΙΧΝΥΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

G1096, G1085

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: geh-NEH

Translations: become, happen, come to pass, be, be born, be made, come into being, race, kind, family, offspring, a race, a kind, a family, an offspring

Notes: This word can be an inflection of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to happen', or the plural of the noun 'γένος' (genos), meaning 'race', 'kind', or 'offspring'. As a verb, it describes something coming into existence or occurring. As a noun, it refers to a group of people or things sharing common characteristics or ancestry. The specific meaning depends on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Passive Subjunctive (Verb), Nominative Plural (Noun), Accusative Plural (Noun)

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΙΝΑΙ, ΦΥΣΙΣ

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-DEIK-sah-meh-nos

Translations: having shown, having demonstrated, having proved, having appointed, having declared

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀποδείκνυμι'. It describes an action that has been completed by the subject, indicating that they have shown, demonstrated, proved, appointed, or declared something. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and often conveys a sense of having presented evidence or made something clear.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'ἀποδείκνυμι' is a compound word formed from the prefix 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'δείκνυμι' (deiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out'. Thus, it literally means 'to show forth' or 'to point out from'.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G0991

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: BLEH-pohn

Translations: seeing, looking, beholding, perceiving, watching

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who sees' or 'while seeing'. It describes an ongoing action of looking, observing, or perceiving. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or adverbially, indicating the circumstances of an action. It implies a continuous or habitual act of seeing or paying attention.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: EKH-on-tah

Translations: having, holding, possessing, keeping, holding fast, the one having

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'having' or 'holding'. It describes an ongoing action of possession or holding. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun that 'has' something, or adverbially, indicating the manner in which an action is performed (e.g., 'while having'). In the provided examples, it describes things that 'do not have' a leader, trees 'having' branches, and 'the one having' all power.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΝ

G4936

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-dee-AH-ee-tay-sin

Translations: communion, association, companionship, a communion, an association, a companionship

Notes: This is a compound word derived from 'σύν' (with), 'διά' (through, apart), and 'δίαιτα' (way of living). It refers to the act of living together, sharing a common life, or having close association and companionship with others. It describes a state of shared existence or interaction.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΔΙΑΙΤΗΣΙΣ is formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-, meaning 'with' or 'together'), the preposition ΔΙΑ- (dia-, meaning 'through' or 'apart'), and the noun ΔΙΑΙΤΑ (diaita, meaning 'way of living' or 'mode of life'). It literally means 'a living together'.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G3579

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kseh-NEE-zoh-meh-non

Translations: being entertained, being a stranger, being surprised, being astonished, a strange thing, a surprising thing

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being entertained,' 'being a stranger,' or 'being surprised/astonished.' It describes something that is experiencing the action of being made a stranger, being hosted, or being considered strange. It can function adjectivally or substantively, referring to a thing that is strange or surprising.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ, ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ

Etymology: From ΞΕΝΟΣ (XENOS), meaning 'stranger' or 'guest.' The verb form means to act as a stranger, to receive as a guest, or to be strange/surprising.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G2837

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koy-MOH-meh-noo

Translations: of one sleeping, of one who sleeps, of one who has fallen asleep, of one who is dead

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κοιμάω', meaning 'to put to sleep' or 'to sleep'. In its passive or middle voice, it means 'to sleep' or 'to fall asleep'. It is often used metaphorically to refer to death, meaning 'to fall asleep in death' or 'to be dead'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing someone who is in the state of sleeping or being dead.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΥΠΝΩΣΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word κοιμάω comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *kei- meaning 'to lie down'. It is related to words like 'cemetery' (from Greek κοιμητήριον, 'sleeping place').

G1807

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eks-ahee-RON

Translations: taking out, taking away, delivering, rescuing, choosing, selecting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'exaireō', meaning 'to take out' or 'to deliver'. It describes an action of removing something from a place or situation, often with the sense of rescuing or choosing. It can also imply selecting something for a specific purpose. In the provided examples, it consistently carries the meaning of 'delivering' or 'rescuing' from a difficult situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΣΩΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G4314

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-akh-THEY-san

Translations: having been brought to, having been led to, having been presented, the one having been brought to

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle of the verb προσάγω (prosago), meaning "to bring to," "to lead to," or "to present." As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In its passive form, it indicates that the subject is the recipient of the action, meaning "having been brought to" or "having been presented." It describes someone or something that has been brought near or presented to another.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Aorist, Passive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΝΕΧΘΕΙΣΑΝ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΜΙΣΘΕΙΣΑΝ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-neen

Translations: having become, having come to be, having happened, having occurred, having arisen, having been made, having been done

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already taken place, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb. It indicates a completed state or event, often translated with 'having been' or 'having become' followed by a past participle.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Feminine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΥΙΑΝ, ΠΕΦΥΚΥΙΑΝ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-LEE-tai

Translations: is called, is named, is invited

Notes: This word is the third person singular, present, passive indicative form of the verb 'to call' or 'to name'. It is used to indicate that someone or something is referred to by a particular name or title, or that they are summoned or invited. For example, 'He is called John' or 'It is named Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to shout, to call'. It is related to Latin 'calare' (to call out) and English 'hail'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KEE-ness

Translations: of that, of her

Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point to something or someone distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or separation, often translated with 'of' or 'from'. When used as an adjective, it modifies a feminine noun in the genitive case. When used as a pronoun, it stands in for a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

G3857

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-DEI-son

Translations: paradise, a paradise, garden, a garden, park, a park, orchard, an orchard

Notes: This word refers to a garden, park, or pleasure ground, often specifically referring to the Garden of Eden. In a broader sense, it can denote a place of great beauty and delight, or the abode of the blessed after death. It is used in the New Testament to refer to the spiritual paradise where the righteous go.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΠΟΣ, ΑΛΣΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a loanword from Old Persian, meaning 'walled enclosure' or 'park'. It entered Greek through Xenophon and was later adopted into Hebrew and Aramaic, eventually making its way into Koine Greek.

G0395

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-toh-LEN

Translations: east, a rising, dawn, a branch, a shoot

Notes: This word refers to the direction of the east, where the sun rises. It can also metaphorically refer to the rising of the sun itself, or the dawn. In some contexts, it can also mean a sprout or a shoot, particularly in prophetic or messianic contexts, referring to a descendant or a new beginning. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΤΟΛΑΙ, ἈΝΑΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἀνατέλλω (anatellō), meaning 'to rise up' or 'to cause to rise'. It is formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up', and τέλλω (tellō), meaning 'to accomplish' or 'to rise'.

G2698

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-fyoo-TEV-sai

Translations: to plant, to set out, to cultivate

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb. It means to plant, to set out, or to cultivate thoroughly. It implies the action of planting something firmly or establishing it well, often with the nuance of careful cultivation or planting in a specific place. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'thoroughly', and the verb φυτεύω (phyteuō), meaning 'to plant'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΦΥΤΕΥΩ, ΣΠΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word καταφυτεύω (kataphyteuō) is a compound verb derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'thoroughly', and the verb φυτεύω (phyteuō), meaning 'to plant' or 'to sow'.

G2326

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-THEE-loh-tah

Translations: flourishing, blooming, thriving, verdant

Notes: This word is the perfect active participle of the verb 'θάλλω' (thallō), meaning 'to flourish' or 'to bloom'. As a participle, it describes something that has come to be in a state of flourishing or blooming. It is used to describe things that are verdant, thriving, or in full bloom, often referring to plants or vegetation. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of having flourished.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Neuter, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΑΣΤΑΝΩ, ΑΝΘΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *dʰelh₂- meaning 'to bloom, sprout'.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lo

Translations: other, another, different, an other, another thing

Notes: This word refers to something distinct or different from what has already been mentioned or is currently under consideration. It can be used to describe a different person, thing, or concept. It often functions as an adjective modifying a noun, but can also stand alone as a pronoun meaning 'another one' or 'another thing'. When used adverbially, it can mean 'otherwise' or 'in another way'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΟΣ, ἈΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΛΛΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G1231

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-gee-NOH-skeh-toh

Translations: was being ascertained, was being known, was being determined, was being distinguished

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from διά (dia, 'through, thoroughly') and γινώσκω (ginōskō, 'to know'). It means to know thoroughly, to ascertain, to determine, or to distinguish. In this inflected form, it describes an action that was continuously happening in the past, specifically that something or someone was in the process of being ascertained, known, or determined by others.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G0018

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-gah-THON

Translations: good, a good thing, benefit, advantage, what is good

Notes: This word describes something that is good, beneficial, or morally upright. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its positive quality. As a neuter noun, it often refers to 'a good thing' or 'what is good' in a general sense, encompassing both moral excellence and practical benefit. It is frequently used to describe actions, outcomes, or qualities that are desirable or virtuous.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word originates from Proto-Indo-European, referring to something that is 'good' or 'noble'. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KAH-kon

Translations: evil, bad, harmful, wicked, a bad thing, an evil thing, a wrong, a misfortune, a disaster

Notes: This word describes something that is bad, evil, or harmful. It can refer to moral wickedness, physical harm, or general poor quality. When used as a substantive (like a noun), it refers to an evil thing, a wrong, or a misfortune. It can be used to describe actions, intentions, or conditions.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek or from an unknown root.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G2910

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-meh-LEH-sthai

Translations: to take care of, to care for, to look after, to attend to, to have charge of

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to take care of, to look after, or to attend to something or someone. It implies a sense of responsibility and diligent oversight. It is often used with a genitive object, indicating what is being cared for. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (upon, over) and the verb ΜΕΛΈΟΜΑΙ (to care for).

Inflection: Present, Infinitive, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΦΡΟΝΤΊΖΩ, ΚΉΔΟΜΑΙ, ἘΠΙΣΚΈΠΤΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΜΕΛΈΟΜΑΙ is derived from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ΜΕΛΈΟΜΑΙ (meleomai), meaning 'to care for' or 'to be concerned about'. It signifies an intensified or directed form of caring.

G0737

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ar-DEH-tai

Translations: is watered, it is watered, is irrigated, it is irrigated

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be watered' or 'to be irrigated'. It describes the action of water being supplied to something, often plants or land, either naturally or artificially. It is typically used in the third person singular, indicating that 'it' or 'he/she' is being watered.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to Latin 'ardere' (to burn) in the sense of drying up, thus needing water, or from a root meaning 'to moisten'.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G4062

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-RHEH-on-tos

Translations: of flowing around, of overflowing, of that which flows around, of that which overflows

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'περιρρέω' (perirrheō), meaning 'to flow around' or 'to overflow'. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or has occurred, functioning adjectivally or substantively. In this form, it indicates something that is in the process of flowing around or overflowing, or something from which something flows around or overflows.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΧΕΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΕΡΙΠΙΠΤΩΝ

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G5346

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fay-SOHN

Translations: Pishon

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the Pishon River, one of the four rivers mentioned in the Book of Genesis as branching off from the river flowing out of the Garden of Eden. It is described as encircling the entire land of Havilah, where there is gold. As a proper noun, it identifies a specific geographical feature.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Φεισών (Pishon) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word פִּישׁוֹן (Pishon), meaning 'full-flowing' or 'gushing'. It describes a river with abundant water.

G4129

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: play-THOON

Translations: to multiply, to increase, to abound, to be numerous

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'πληθύνω' (plēthynō), meaning 'to multiply' or 'to increase'. It can refer to making something more numerous or to something itself becoming more numerous or abundant. It is often used in contexts of growth, proliferation, or abundance. For example, it might describe a population increasing, or blessings abounding.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΥΞΑΝΩ, ΠΛΗΘΥΣ

G5342

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: feh-ROH-meh-nos

Translations: being carried, being borne, moving, being brought, being led

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb ΦΕΡΩ, meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is in the process of being carried, borne, or moved. It can also imply being led or brought somewhere. For example, it could describe a person being carried by a vehicle or an object being moved by a force.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΓΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΟΜΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb ΦΕΡΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer-, meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. It is a very ancient and common verb in Indo-European languages.

G1571

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-DIH-doh-sin

Translations: he gives out, he gives up, he leases, he publishes, he delivers, he hands over, he gives in marriage

Notes: This word describes the action of giving something out, giving it up, or delivering it. It can also refer to leasing property, publishing information, or even giving a daughter in marriage. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a transfer of possession or authority.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἐκδίδωμι is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), meaning 'to give'.

G3989

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PEH-lah-goss

Translations: sea, open sea, a sea, deep, abyss

Notes: This word refers to the open sea, the deep, or the abyss. It is often used to describe a vast expanse of water, distinct from a more confined body of water like a lake or gulf. It can also metaphorically refer to a great depth or an overwhelming quantity of something.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΘΑΛΑΣΣΑ, ΒΥΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'pelagos' is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or related to a root meaning 'flat' or 'broad,' referring to the expanse of the sea.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: OOF

Translations: under, by, with, from, at the hand of, by means of, through

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by'. The final vowel of 'ΥΠΟ' is dropped when the following word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. It indicates a position beneath something, or agency (by means of someone/something), or cause. It can also denote the instrument or agent by which something is done. It is a very common preposition in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect; governs the genitive and accusative cases.

Etymology: The word 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'under'. It is related to English words like 'hypodermic' and 'hypothermia'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-noss

Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, called, named, the one being said, the one being called

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes something or someone that is being said, spoken about, or called. It often functions as an adjective meaning 'called' or 'named', or as a noun referring to 'the one being called' or 'the one being spoken of'. It can be used to introduce a common name or a description of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G2166

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: yoo-FRAH-tays

Translations: Euphrates

Notes: This word refers to the Euphrates River, one of the longest and most historically significant rivers in Western Asia. It is frequently mentioned in ancient texts, including the Bible, as a geographical landmark and a boundary. It is used as a proper noun, referring specifically to this river.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Euphrates' is derived from Old Persian 'Ufrātu', which itself comes from Elamite 'Ufrat'. It is ultimately of Semitic origin, from Akkadian 'Purattu', meaning 'the sweet water'.

G5346

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foh-RAS

Translations: of a carrying, of a bringing, of a motion, of a course, of a turn, of a burden, of a tribute

Notes: This word is the genitive singular or nominative/accusative/vocative plural form of the noun ΦΟΡΑ (phora). It refers to the act of carrying, bringing, or movement. It can also denote a course, a turn, or something that is borne, like a burden or tribute. In context, it often implies a specific kind of movement or a consequence of carrying something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΩΓΗ, ΚΟΜΙΔΗ, ΦΟΡΟΣ

G2228

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HAY-toy

Translations: or, that is, in other words, namely

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce an alternative, a clarification, or an explanation. It can be translated as 'or', 'that is', 'in other words', or 'namely'. It often serves to rephrase or specify something that has just been stated, providing a more precise or alternative description.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: Ἠ

Etymology: From the Greek conjunction 'ἤ' (ē), meaning 'or', combined with the particle 'τοι' (toi), which emphasizes or affirms. The combination creates a stronger or more specific disjunctive or explanatory sense.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-thos

Translations: flower, a flower, blossom, a blossom

Notes: This word refers to a flower or blossom. It is a neuter noun and is used to describe the blooming part of a plant. It can be used metaphorically to represent beauty, fragility, or the fleeting nature of life, similar to how 'flower' is used in English.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΝΟΝ, ΦΥΤΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂n̥t- (front, face), related to Sanskrit ándhas (herb, Soma plant). The word refers to the 'front' or 'face' of a plant, i.e., its bloom.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: DIG-lath

Translations: Tigris, the Tigris

Notes: This word is likely a transliteration or a variant spelling of the Hebrew name for the Tigris River, which is often rendered as 'Hiddekel' (חִדֶּקֶל) in the Old Testament, and 'Tigris' in Greek. It refers to one of the four rivers mentioned in the Garden of Eden narrative in Genesis. The form 'ΔΙΓΛΑΘ' itself is not a standard Koine Greek word but appears to be a specific rendering of the river's name.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is a transliteration of a foreign name, likely from Hebrew or Aramaic, referring to the Tigris River.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G3691

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ox-OO

Translations: sharp, keen, swift, quick, piercing, a sharp thing, a swift one

Notes: This word describes something that is sharp, keen, swift, or quick. It can refer to physical sharpness, such as a sharp sword or a piercing gaze, or to speed and agility, like a swift runner or a quick animal. It can also describe mental acuity or a keen intellect. When used as a noun, it can refer to 'a sharp thing' or 'a swift one'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΑΧΥΣ, ΟΞΥΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (sharp, pointed). It is related to words meaning 'sharp' or 'pointed' in other Indo-European languages.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-nan-TEE-as

Translations: (of) opposite, (of) contrary, (of) hostile, (of) adverse

Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the adjective 'ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ', meaning 'opposite' or 'contrary'. It is often used in the adverbial phrase 'ἐξ ἐναντίας' (ex enantias), which means 'from the opposite side', 'opposite', 'in opposition', or 'face to face'. It describes something that is in opposition or contrary to something else.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΧΘΡΟΣ

G0321

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-DIH-doh-meh-non

Translations: giving up, delivering up, sending up, yielding, producing, bringing forth

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb ἀναδίδωμι (anadidomi), meaning 'to give up,' 'to deliver up,' 'to send up,' or 'to yield/produce.' It describes an action that is ongoing or continuous, performed by the subject (middle voice) or received by the subject (passive voice). It is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again,' and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The verb ἀναδίδωμι (anadidomi) is formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again,' and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give.' The combination implies giving something upwards or back, or yielding/producing.

G4377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ag-or-EH-oo-sin

Translations: they call, they address, they name, they salute

Notes: This word means to address, call by name, or salute. It is often used in the context of giving a name or title to someone or something. For example, it can be used to say 'they call him a king' or 'they address them as friends'.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΩΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and ἀγορεύω (agoreuō), meaning 'to speak in the assembly' or 'to proclaim'. Thus, it literally means 'to speak to' or 'to address'.

G5105

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOY-noon

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so then

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate a logical consequence or transition. It often introduces a conclusion, a summary, or a new point that follows from what has just been said. It can be translated as 'therefore,' 'then,' or 'accordingly,' signaling that what follows is a result or a logical next step.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the demonstrative particle τοι (toi), meaning 'indeed, surely,' and the enclitic particle νυν (nun), meaning 'now, then.' It emphasizes a logical connection or consequence.

G0568

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pe-KHESTH-ai

Translations: to abstain, to keep oneself from, to refrain from, to hold oneself off

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In its middle or passive voice, it means 'to hold oneself away from' or 'to abstain from'. It is often used with a genitive case to indicate what one is abstaining from.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΚΩΛΥΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀπέχω (apechō) is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.

G4280

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-AY-pohn

Translations: having said before, having foretold, having announced beforehand, having spoken previously

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition 'πρό' (before) and the verb 'εἶπον' (to say, to speak). It means to say something in advance, to foretell, or to announce beforehand. It is used to describe an action of speaking that occurred prior to another event or a main action in the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΗΤΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the aorist stem of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'.

G0680

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ap-SAH-meh-noys

Translations: touching, having touched, laying hold of, handling, a touching, a having touched

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'haptomai', meaning 'to touch' or 'to lay hold of'. It describes an action that has been completed or is ongoing, indicating someone who is in the state of having touched or laid hold of something. It can be used to describe people who have come into contact with something, often with the implication of interaction or engagement.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Plural, Dative

Synonyms: ΘΙΓΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΦΑΨΑΜΕΝΟΙ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: geh-nee-SOH-meh-non

Translations: that which is about to be, that which will happen, the future, a future thing

Notes: This word is a future middle/passive participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing something that is going to come into existence or occur. In its neuter singular form, it often refers to 'that which is about to be' or 'the future'.

Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΟΝ, ΕΣΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G3673

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oh-moh-foh-NOON-tohn

Translations: of those agreeing, of those being in one accord, of those speaking with one voice

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'agreeing' or 'being in one accord'. It is a compound word derived from 'ὁμός' (homos), meaning 'same' or 'one', and 'φωνή' (phōnē), meaning 'voice' or 'sound'. It describes a state where multiple individuals or entities are in agreement or speak with a single voice. In this genitive plural form, it refers to 'of those who are agreeing' or 'of those who are in one accord'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΟΜΟΝΟΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: that, that one, that thing, the former

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something distant in space or time, or something previously mentioned in the discourse. It functions similarly to 'this' but indicates a greater distance or a distinction from something closer or more immediate. For example, it can be used to distinguish 'that house' from 'this house'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: From a combination of the demonstrative particle ἐκεῖ (there) and the pronominal suffix -νος. It refers to something 'over there' or 'that one there'.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kahee-ROO

Translations: of time, of a season, of the right time, of an opportune time, of a period

Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, a season, or a period. It emphasizes the quality or nature of a moment rather than its chronological duration. It is often used to denote a critical or decisive moment, or a suitable occasion for something to happen. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΥ, ΩΡΑΣ

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tohn

Translations: (of) all, (of) everyone, (of) everything

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΑΠΑΣ' (apas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, a prefix indicating totality or completeness) and 'πας' (pas, meaning 'all' or 'every'). As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship for multiple entities, often translated as 'of all' or 'concerning all'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΩΝ, ΟΛΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΑΣ (apas) is a compound of the intensive prefix ἀ- (a-) and the word πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. The prefix ἀ- intensifies the meaning of 'all' to 'the whole' or 'everyone without exception'.

G4801

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-dee-ah-ee-TOH-meh-nos

Translations: living together with, associating with, dwelling with, having intercourse with

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the verb 'διαιτάομαι' (to live, to dwell) and the prefixes 'συν-' (with, together) and 'δια-' (through, apart). It describes someone who is living, dwelling, or associating with others. It implies a close relationship or shared existence.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΙΚΕΩ, ΣΥΝΖΑΩ, ΣΥΝΕΧΩ

G5355

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: fthoh-neh-ROHS

Translations: enviously, grudgingly

Notes: This word is an adverb, meaning 'enviously' or 'grudgingly'. It describes an action performed with a feeling of envy, jealousy, or ill-will towards another's possessions or advantages. It indicates that the action is motivated by a desire to deprive someone of what they have or to begrudge them their success.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΚΑΝΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΘΟΝΕΡΩΣ (phthonerōs) is derived from the adjective ΦΘΟΝΕΡΟΣ (phthoneros), meaning 'envious', which in turn comes from the noun ΦΘΟΝΟΣ (phthonos), meaning 'envy' or 'jealousy'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-pee-SMEH-noos

Translations: convinced, persuaded, assured, those who are convinced, those who are persuaded

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'peithō', meaning 'to persuade' or 'to convince'. As a perfect passive participle, it describes a state of having been persuaded or convinced, indicating a settled conviction or assurance. It functions adjectivally, describing individuals who are in this state of being convinced. It is often used to refer to people who have come to a firm belief or understanding.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΙΣΤΕΥΚΟΤΑΣ, ΠΕΠΛΗΡΟΦΟΡΗΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΙΘΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *bheidh-, meaning 'to trust, compel, advise'. It is related to Latin 'fido' (to trust) and English 'bide'.

G3633

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: OY-oh-MEH-nos

Translations: thinking, supposing, imagining, believing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to think' or 'to suppose'. It describes someone who is currently thinking, supposing, or imagining something. It is often used to indicate a person's belief or opinion about a situation.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ἩΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΟἼΟΜΑΙ (oiomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *oi- meaning 'to think' or 'to suppose'.

G4842

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soom-fo-RAH

Translations: calamity, a calamity, disaster, a disaster, misfortune, a misfortune, adversity, an adversity

Notes: This word refers to an unfortunate event or situation, such as a calamity, disaster, or misfortune. It is often used to describe a severe setback or a state of adversity. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'φέρω' (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry', implying something brought together or borne upon one.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, or Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΝ, ΠΑΘΟΣ, ΔΥΣΤΥΧΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΦΟΡΑ is derived from the Greek preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. It literally means 'that which is brought together' or 'that which happens together', evolving to signify an unfortunate occurrence.

G3878

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-koo-SAN-tahs

Translations: disobeying, having disobeyed, hearing amiss, overhearing, those who disobeyed, them who disobeyed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παρακούω', meaning 'to hear amiss', 'to overhear', or 'to disobey'. It describes an action of hearing incorrectly or intentionally disregarding what is heard. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate an action performed by the subject, often implying a completed action in this form.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word 'παρακούω' is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside, by, from', and 'ἀκούω' (akouō), meaning 'to hear'. The combination implies hearing incorrectly, hearing beside the point, or hearing and disregarding.

G0395

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-PEY-thee

Translations: persuades, convinces, induces, entices, misleads

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'ἀνα-' (ana-), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb 'πείθω' (peitho), meaning 'to persuade'. When combined, it means to persuade someone to do something, often implying a change of mind or a leading astray. It can be used to describe convincing someone to take a particular action, sometimes with a negative connotation of misleading or seducing.

Inflection: Present Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΔΕΛΕΑΖΩ, ΑΠΑΤΩ

G2559

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: kah-koh-AY-thohs

Translations: maliciously, spitefully, wickedly, mischievously, with ill-will

Notes: This adverb describes an action performed with malice, ill-will, or a mischievous intent. It implies a disposition to do harm or to act in a spiteful manner. It is derived from the adjective 'kakoēthēs', meaning 'malicious' or 'ill-natured'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΩΣ, ΔΟΛΙΩΣ, ΦΘΟΝΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: The root adjective ΚΑΚΟΗΘΗΣ is a compound word formed from ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil', and ἦθος (ēthos), meaning 'character' or 'disposition'. Thus, it literally means 'having a bad character'.

G2556

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ka-KOO

Translations: (of) evil, (of) harm, (of) bad, (of) wickedness, (of) trouble, (of) misfortune

Notes: This word refers to something that is bad, evil, or harmful. As a noun, it can mean evil, harm, or trouble. As an adjective, it describes something as bad or wicked. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, often after the preposition 'ἀπὸ' (from), indicating 'from evil' or 'from harm'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, but its precise etymological root is not definitively established.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G0620

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-LEI-pon-tah

Translations: leaving behind, abandoning, failing, lacking, being inferior, being left behind, being deficient

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb ἀπολείπω, meaning 'to leave behind' or 'to be lacking/deficient'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or concurrent with the main verb. It can indicate something that is being left behind, or something that is falling short or is inferior in some way.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΥΣΤΕΡΕΩ

G1289

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-XINE

Translations: to live, to pass, to spend, to lead through

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ΔΙΑΓΩ (DIAGO), which is a compound word formed from ΔΙΑ (DIA, meaning 'through' or 'apart') and ΑΓΩ (AGO, meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'). It generally means 'to lead through', 'to pass through', 'to spend time', or 'to live'. It is used to describe the act of continuing one's life or existence, or the passage of time.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΖΑΩ, ΒΙΟΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΓΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition ΔΙΑ (DIA), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ΑΓΩ (AGO), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Its meaning evolved from 'to lead through' to 'to pass time' or 'to live'.

G3889

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-KROO-e-tai

Translations: deceives, misleads, deludes, beguiles

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'κρούω' (krouo), meaning 'to strike' or 'to knock'. Together, it means to strike beside or to strike falsely, leading to the sense of deceiving or misleading someone. It describes the act of tricking or deluding another person, often by presenting false information or by appealing to their desires.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΕΞΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ

G3779

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OO-toh

Translations: thus, so, in this way, in like manner

Notes: This word is an adverb of manner, indicating how something is done or the way in which something occurs. It can also refer to the extent or degree of something. It is often used to introduce a consequence or a comparison, meaning 'in this way' or 'thus'. It is an older form of ΟΥΤΩΣ, and both forms are used interchangeably in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΩΣ, ΩΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos, 'this'). It indicates 'in this manner' or 'thus', referring back to something previously mentioned or implied.

G2706

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-froh-nay-SAI

Translations: to despise, to scorn, to disdain, to look down on, to treat with contempt

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from κατά (kata, 'down') and φρονέω (phroneō, 'to think, to have understanding'). It means to think down upon someone or something, indicating a strong sense of contempt or disregard. It is used to describe an action where one treats something as insignificant or worthless, often implying a lack of respect or a feeling of superiority.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΟΡΑΩ, ΑΤΙΜΑΖΩ, ΟΛΙΓΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ is derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb φρονέω (phroneō), meaning 'to think', 'to have understanding', or 'to be minded'. The combination suggests a mental posture of looking down upon or thinking little of something.

G2237

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hees-THEY-sa

Translations: having been pleased, having been delighted, having rejoiced, delighted, pleased

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be pleased' or 'to delight'. It describes someone who has experienced pleasure or joy. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and indicates an action that has already occurred. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'The woman, having been pleased by the gift, smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΦΡΑΝΘΕΙΣΑ, ΧΑΡΕΙΣΑ

G1035

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-DES-mah-tee

Translations: (to) food, (to) meat, (to) dish, (to) a food, (to) a meat, (to) a dish

Notes: This word refers to something that is eaten, such as food, meat, or a dish. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the recipient or object to which something is done, or the means by which something is done.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΡΩΜΑ, ΣΙΤΙΟΝ, ΤΡΟΦΗ

Etymology: The word ἔδεσμα (edesma) comes from the verb ἐσθίω (esthio), meaning 'to eat'. It refers to that which is eaten.

G0389

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-eh-PEY-sen

Translations: persuaded, convinced, enticed, seduced

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person singular form of the verb ἀναπείθω (anapetho). It means to persuade, convince, or entice someone, often with a connotation of leading them astray or seducing them to do something, especially something wrong. It describes an action completed in the past by a single subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ἘΞΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΡΟΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναπείθω (anapetho) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb πείθω (peitho), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to convince'. The combination suggests persuading someone to change their mind or to do something, often implying a negative or misleading persuasion.

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHRAY-sas-thai

Translations: to use, to employ, to make use of, to consult

Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive form of the deponent verb 'χράομαι'. As a deponent verb, it appears in the middle or passive voice but carries an active meaning. It generally means 'to use' or 'to employ' something, and often takes an object in the dative case. It can also mean 'to consult' an oracle or person.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΙΜΕΥΩ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- 'to desire, want'. In Greek, it developed the sense of 'to need' and then 'to use'.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G1131

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-gym-NOH-meh-nohn

Translations: (of) having been stripped, (of) having been laid bare, (of) having been made naked, (of) having been exposed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been stripped' or 'having been laid bare'. It describes a state of being uncovered or exposed, often in a literal sense of being unclothed or disarmed, but can also be used metaphorically to mean revealed or exposed to scrutiny. As a participle, it functions adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΔΥΩ, ΑΠΟΔΥΩ

G5275

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: hoo-PAI-thron

Translations: open air, the open air, in the open air, under the open sky, exposed, uncovered

Notes: This word refers to the open air or being outdoors, exposed to the elements. It can describe a place or condition that is uncovered or not sheltered. As an adjective, it means 'open-air' or 'exposed'. As a noun, it refers to 'the open air' itself. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, 'under') and 'αἰθήρ' (aithēr, 'upper air, ether').

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Accusative or Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΙΚΤΟΣ, ΑΝΕΣΤΕΓΟΣ

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: EKH-on-tes

Translations: having, holding, possessing, those who have, while having

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or possessing something. It functions like an adjective or adverb, providing additional information about the subject of a sentence, often translated as 'having' or 'those who have'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ

G4637

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ske-PAYN

Translations: shelter, a shelter, covering, a covering, protection, a protection

Notes: This word refers to a physical covering or a place that provides refuge and safety. It can be used to describe a literal roof or a metaphorical sense of divine protection.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΚΕΠΑΣΜΑ, ΣΚΕΠΑΣΤΡΟΝ, ΚΑΤΑΦΥΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΣΚΕΠΗ (skepē) comes from the verb σκέπτομαι (skeptomai), meaning 'to look at, to consider, to examine,' which also developed the sense of 'to look out for, to protect.'

G1902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-NO-oon

Translations: devised, were devising, planned, were planning, thought, were thinking, considered, were considering

Notes: This word means to devise, plan, think, or consider. It implies a mental process of conceiving or inventing something, often with a specific purpose or outcome in mind. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and 'νοέω' (noeo), meaning 'to perceive, think, or understand'.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΜΗΧΑΝΑΟΜΑΙ, ΤΕΚΜΑΙΡΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΝΟΕΩ is derived from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb νοέω (noeo), meaning 'to perceive, think, or understand'. The combination suggests thinking or conceiving 'upon' or 'in addition to' something, leading to the sense of devising or planning.

G3690

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ox-y-TAY-tos

Translations: of sharpness, of keenness, of swiftness, of quickness, of acuteness, of pungency

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being sharp, keen, swift, or acute. It can describe the sharpness of a blade, the keenness of intellect, the swiftness of movement, or the acuteness of a sensation. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or relation.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΑΧΥΤΗΣ, ΟΞΥΝΣΙΣ, ΔΡΙΜΥΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the adjective ΟΞΥΣ (oxys), meaning 'sharp' or 'swift', which comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'sharp' or 'pointed'. The suffix -της (-tēs) is used to form abstract nouns indicating a quality or state.

G1271

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-AH-noy-ahs

Translations: (of) mind, (of) understanding, (of) thought, (of) intellect, (of) disposition, (of) purpose

Notes: This word refers to the faculty of thinking, understanding, and feeling. It encompasses the intellect, the mind, and the moral disposition. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and 'νοῦς' (nous), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect'. It is used to describe the inner workings of a person's thoughts and intentions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΝΟΥΣ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G4626

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-ke-PA-san

Translations: they covered, they hid, they protected, they sheltered

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to cover,' 'to hide,' 'to protect,' or 'to shelter.' It describes an action performed by a group of people (they) in the past, indicating that they put something over or around an object or person to conceal or safeguard it. It can be used in contexts where something is literally covered, or metaphorically hidden or protected.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word σκεπάζω (skepazō) is derived from the noun σκέπη (skepē), meaning 'covering' or 'shelter.'

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G4261

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-ba-LOH-me-noy

Translations: putting forward, presenting, casting forth, bringing forth, producing

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟ (PRO), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (BALLO), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. As a whole, it means to put or throw something forward, to present it, or to bring it forth. It can be used to describe someone who is putting forward an argument, presenting an idea, or even casting something out.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΠΡΟΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G4387

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron

Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)

Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G4684

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-pah-NEE-zon

Translations: they were lacking, they were in need, they were scarce, they were wanting

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb σπανίζω. It means 'to lack,' 'to be in need of,' or 'to be scarce.' In this form, it describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that 'they were lacking' or 'they were in need.' It is often used to describe a state of deficiency or scarcity.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΣΤΕΡΕΩ, ΕΝΔΕΩ

G2147

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: yoo-RON-tes

Translations: finding, having found, those who found, when they found

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to find'. It describes an action of finding that has already occurred or is occurring. It can function adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of another action, or substantively, referring to the people who performed the action of finding. For example, it can mean 'having found' or 'those who found'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THON-tos

Translations: of having come, of the one who came, of him who came, of coming, when he came, when it came

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a genitive singular participle, it often functions adverbially, indicating a preceding action or circumstance, such as 'when he came' or 'after he came'. It can also function substantively, meaning 'of the one who came' or 'of him who came'. It describes the state or action of having arrived or having gone.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΗΚΟΝΤΟΣ, ΠΑΡΟΝΤΟΣ

G4894

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-EYE-dohs

Translations: knowing with, being conscious of, being aware of, having knowledge of, knowing

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'σύνοιδα' (synoida), meaning 'to know with' or 'to be conscious of'. It describes someone who has shared knowledge or is inwardly aware of something, often implying a sense of guilt or self-awareness. It is used to indicate a state of knowing or being conscious of a fact, an action, or a condition, often in a moral or ethical sense.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ΕΙΔΩΣ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G0093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-dee-KEE-an

Translations: injustice, unrighteousness, wrong, a wrong, (to) injustice, (to) unrighteousness, (to) wrong

Notes: This word refers to the concept of injustice, unrighteousness, or a specific wrong act. It describes a state or action that is contrary to what is right or just, often implying a violation of law or moral principle. It can be used to describe both the abstract concept of injustice and concrete acts of wrongdoing.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἄδικος (adikos, "unjust"), which is formed from ἀ- (a-, "not") and δίκη (dikē, "justice"). Thus, it literally means "not justice" or "lack of justice."

G1805

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EH-ni-zeh

Translations: he was astonished, he was amazed, he was surprised, he was bewildered, he was shocked, he was perplexed, he was made a stranger, he was made an alien, he was entertained, he was hosted

Notes: This word describes the state of being greatly surprised, astonished, or bewildered by something unexpected or unusual. It can also mean to be treated as a stranger or alien, or conversely, to be entertained or hosted as a guest. In the provided form, it indicates an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ, ἘΚΠΛΗΤΤΩ, ἈΠΟΡΕΩ

G4238

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: PRAH-toh-meh-non

Translations: being done, being performed, that which is done, a thing being done

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to perform'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing something that is in the process of being done or performed by an external agent. It can refer to an action, a deed, or an event that is currently taking place or being carried out.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: The word πράσσω (prassō) comes from an earlier form *πράττω (prattō), which is related to the noun πρᾶξις (praxis), meaning 'a doing' or 'action'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek or from an unknown root.

G4441

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PYN-tha-neh-toh

Translations: he was asking, he was inquiring, he was learning, he was finding out

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative middle voice of the verb 'πυνθάνομαι'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It means 'he was asking', 'he was inquiring', 'he was learning', or 'he was finding out' something, often through questioning or investigation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G2237

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hay-DOH-meh-nos

Translations: delighting, being pleased, rejoicing, taking pleasure

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'delighting' or 'being pleased'. It describes someone who is experiencing pleasure or joy. It can be used adjectivally to describe a person who is delighting, or adverbially to indicate the manner in which an action is performed, i.e., 'while delighting' or 'by delighting'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΧΑΙΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἥδομαι (hēdomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *sweh₂d- meaning 'sweet, pleasant'. It is related to words like 'sweet' in English.

G3658

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-mee-LEE-ah

Translations: conversation, discourse, company, association, a conversation, a discourse, a company, an association

Notes: This word refers to a conversation, discourse, or communication between people. It can also denote the act of associating with others, or the company one keeps. It is used to describe verbal interaction or social engagement.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΟΓΟΣ, ΣΥΝΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ὁμιλέω (homileō), meaning 'to be in company with, to associate with, to converse with', which itself comes from ὅμιλος (homilos), meaning 'an assembled crowd, a throng'.

G5350

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: FTHENG-goh-MEH-noo

Translations: of speaking, of uttering, of proclaiming, of one speaking, of one uttering, of one proclaiming

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'φθέγγομαι', meaning 'to utter a sound, to speak, to proclaim'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by someone or something, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this form, it indicates 'of one who is speaking' or 'of one who is uttering'. It is often used to describe the act of speaking or making a sound, especially in a formal or emphatic way.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Tense, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΟΣ, ΛΕΓΟΝΤΟΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'φθέγγομαι' comes from an ancient Indo-European root related to making a sound or voice. It is connected to the idea of uttering a clear, distinct sound.

G4784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soong-gih-NOH-skeen

Translations: to know with, to be conscious of, to be aware of, to pardon, to excuse, to forgive

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. It signifies knowing something in common with someone, or being conscious of something. In a moral sense, it can mean to be aware of one's own faults, or to show understanding and pardon to others. It is often used in contexts of acknowledging, excusing, or forgiving.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΝΩΜΗ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. The root γινώσκω comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to know'.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOH

Translations: (to) himself, (for) himself, (to) herself, (for) herself, (to) itself, (for) itself, (to) themselves, (for) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the clause. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject itself. It can be used for singular or plural subjects, and its specific meaning (himself, herself, itself, themselves) depends on the gender and number of the subject it refers to. In this dative form, it often conveys the sense of 'to' or 'for' the subject.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G3845

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-BAN-tee

Translations: transgressing, having transgressed, a transgressor, to a transgressor, for a transgressor

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'parabainō', meaning 'to go beside', 'to step over', or 'to transgress'. In this form, it describes someone who is in the act of transgressing or has already transgressed. It is used in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' the one who transgresses.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΟΝΤΙ, ΠΑΡΑΠΙΠΤΟΝΤΙ

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G2145

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-DAI-moh-nah

Translations: happy, blessed, prosperous, fortunate, a happy one, a blessed one, a prosperous one, a fortunate one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is happy, blessed, prosperous, or fortunate. It refers to a state of well-being and flourishing. It is often used to describe a person who is in a favorable condition or a place that is abundant and thriving. In the provided form, it is the accusative singular, meaning it would typically function as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΑΚΑΡΙΟΣ, ΟΛΒΙΟΣ, ΕΥΤΥΧΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΔΑΙΜΩΝ is a compound word derived from ΕΥ̓ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ΔΑΙΜΩΝ (daimon), meaning 'spirit' or 'divinity'. Thus, it originally referred to someone who had a good or favorable spirit, leading to the meaning of being blessed or fortunate.

G0003

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAH-thay

Translations: impassible, unaffected, free from suffering, apathetic, without passion, an impassible, an unaffected

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is not subject to suffering, passion, or emotion. It implies a state of being unfeeling or impervious to external influences, particularly pain or strong emotions. It can be used to describe a divine being, or a philosophical state of mind.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΝΕΜΠΟΔΙΣΤΟΣ, ἈΤΑΡΑΧΟΣ, ἈΝΕΠΙΔΕΚΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the privative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'πάθος' (pathos, meaning 'suffering' or 'passion'). It literally means 'without suffering' or 'without passion'.

G3367

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: may-DEH-mee-ah

Translations: no one, nothing, not any, no

Notes: ΜΗΔΕΜΙΑ is the feminine singular form of the negative indefinite pronoun/adjective ΜΗΔΕΙΣ. It is a compound word formed from ΜΗΔΕ (mēde), meaning 'not even', and ΜΙΑ (mia), meaning 'one'. It is used to express a complete negation, indicating 'not even one' or 'no one/nothing at all'. It functions similarly to 'no' or 'not any' when modifying a noun, or as a pronoun meaning 'no one' or 'nothing'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle ΜΗ (mē), meaning 'not', and ΕΙΣ (heis), meaning 'one'. The particle ΜΗ is used for subjective or conditional negations, often in prohibitions or with infinitives and participles. ΕΙΣ is the numeral 'one'.

G3586

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: XAI-noh-me-noi

Translations: being carded, being combed, being torn, being vexed, being tormented

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'ξαίνω' (xainō). Its primary meaning relates to the process of 'carding' or 'combing' wool, which involves tearing or separating fibers. Figuratively, it is used to describe being 'torn apart' or 'vexed' and 'tormented' by something, often referring to mental or emotional distress. It describes a state of being actively subjected to this process.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΑΝΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G658

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-LOW-sin

Translations: enjoyment, a enjoyment, use, a use, benefit, a benefit

Notes: This word refers to the act of enjoying something, or the benefit or advantage derived from something. It implies the full and complete use or experience of something, often with a sense of pleasure or satisfaction. It is typically used in contexts where one is receiving or partaking in something good.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΙΣ, ΟΦΕΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΛΑΥΣΙΣ (apolausis) comes from the verb ἀπολαύω (apolauō), meaning 'to enjoy, to have the use of', which is formed from ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and λαύω (lauō, 'to enjoy, to take').

G0305

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-bee-NOHN-tohn

Translations: (of) going up, (of) ascending, (of) coming up, (of) rising

Notes: This word is a present active participle, genitive plural, derived from the verb 'ἀναβαίνω' (anabainō), meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. It describes the action of multiple subjects who are in the process of going up or ascending. It is often used to indicate movement upwards, such as climbing a mountain, entering a city located on higher ground, or rising from a lower place.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀναβαίνω (anabainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to step' or 'to go'.

G1904

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PEL-thoy

Translations: may it come upon, let it come upon, may it approach, let it approach, may it arrive, let it arrive

Notes: This word means to come upon, approach, or arrive. It is often used to describe something, such as a feeling, a state, or an event, coming over or happening to someone or something. It is in the optative mood, which expresses a wish or a potential action.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GEH-noi-toh

Translations: let it be, may it be, so be it, amen

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to become' or 'to happen'. In this specific form, it is in the optative mood, which expresses a wish, a prayer, or a strong desire. It is often translated as 'let it be' or 'may it happen', similar to the English 'amen' when used to affirm a statement or prayer.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Optative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΙΗ, ΓΕΝΗΘΗΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'.

G1796

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-yoo-BREE-sas

Translations: you insulted, you outraged, you treated with contempt, you treated with insolence

Notes: This word describes an action of treating someone with insolence, contempt, or outrage. It implies a deliberate act of disrespect or abuse, often stemming from arrogance or a sense of superiority. It can be used to describe someone who has acted in a way that is insulting or abusive towards another person or even towards a divine command.

Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΠΑΤΕΩ, ΑΤΙΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἐνυβρίζω (enybrizō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'upon', and the verb ὑβρίζω (hybrizō), meaning 'to act with insolence, to outrage, to insult'. The root ὑβρίζω comes from ὕβρις (hybris), meaning 'insolence, wanton violence, outrage'.

G3878

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-KOO-sas

Translations: having heard amiss, having disobeyed, having neglected to hear, having disregarded

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'παρακούω' (parakouō), meaning 'to hear amiss, to disobey, to disregard'. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside, amiss', and 'ἀκούω' (akouō), meaning 'to hear'. As a participle, it describes an action completed in the past by the subject, often functioning adverbially or adjectivally in a sentence, indicating the cause, manner, or time of another action.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΕΩ, ΑΜΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'παρακούω' (parakouō) is a compound of the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside, amiss, contrary to', and the verb 'ἀκούω' (akouō), meaning 'to hear'. The combination suggests hearing in a way that is amiss or contrary to what is intended, leading to disobedience or disregard.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G0703

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-reh-TAY

Translations: virtue, excellence, praise, a virtue, an excellence

Notes: This word refers to moral excellence, virtue, or goodness. It can also denote a quality of superiority or distinction, often translated as 'excellence' or 'praise'. It is used to describe the inherent good qualities of a person or thing, or actions that demonstrate moral uprightness. In some contexts, it can refer to the praise or renown that comes from such qualities.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣΥΝΗ, ΔΟΞΑ, ΕΠΑΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ἈΡΕΤΗ' is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be derived from the same root as 'ἀρεστός' (arestos), meaning 'pleasing' or 'agreeable'. It has a long history in Greek philosophy, where it was a central concept, often referring to the fulfillment of purpose or function.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-GAYS

Translations: you lead, you bring, you carry, you drive, you observe, you keep

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to lead, bring, carry, or drive. It can also mean to observe or keep, especially in the context of a festival or a day. It is used to describe the action of guiding something or someone, or of transporting an object. It can also refer to the act of celebrating or observing a particular time or event.

Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ἘΛΚΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἀγείρω (ageirō) is related to the root ἀγ- (ag-), which means 'to lead' or 'to drive'. It is connected to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eǵ- meaning 'to drive, pull, move'.

G3868

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ay-TAY-toh

Translations: he was excusing himself, he was begging off, he was refusing, he was deprecating, he was entreating, he was asking to be excused, he was making excuse

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'παραιτέομαι' (paraitéomai). It describes an ongoing action in the past where someone was trying to avoid something, make an excuse, beg off, or deprecate themselves. It can also mean to entreat or ask for something to be averted. It often implies a plea or an attempt to escape a situation or responsibility.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Tense, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΟΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and 'αἰτέω' (aitéō), meaning 'to ask' or 'to beg'. The compound verb literally means 'to ask from' or 'to beg off'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-reh-KAH-lei

Translations: he was calling alongside, he was exhorting, he was comforting, he was urging, he was appealing, he was entreating

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb παρακαλέω (parakaleō). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It means to call someone to one's side, to summon, to invite, to encourage, to exhort, to comfort, to console, to appeal to, or to entreat.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΛΗΤΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G5467

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kha-le-PAI-neen

Translations: to be angry, to be furious, to be difficult, to be harsh, to be troublesome

Notes: This verb describes the state of being angry, furious, or difficult. It can also refer to something being harsh or troublesome. It is often used to describe a person's disposition or reaction, particularly when they are upset or hard to deal with. It can also describe a situation or thing that is difficult or burdensome.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΘΥΜΟΥΜΑΙ

Etymology: This word is derived from the adjective χαλεπός (chalepos), meaning 'difficult, hard, grievous'.

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: geh-go-NO-toss

Translations: of having become, of having happened, of having come into being, of having been done, of having been made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), which means 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' 'to be done,' or 'to be made.' As a genitive participle, it often describes the state or result of something that has already occurred, functioning like 'of that which has happened' or 'concerning what has come to pass.' It is used to refer to an event or situation that has taken place.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΠΕΠΡΑΓΜΕΝΟΥ, ΣΥΜΒΕΒΗΚΟΤΟΣ

G0159

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ai-tee-OH-meh-nos

Translations: accusing, blaming, finding fault, a blaming one, a fault-finding one

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'to accuse' or 'to blame'. It describes someone who is in the act of accusing or blaming. It can be used adjectivally to describe a person who is accusing, or adverbially to indicate the action of accusing.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative Participle

Synonyms: ἘΓΚΑΛΩ͂Ν, ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΩ͂Ν

Etymology: The word ΑἸΤΙΆΟΜΑΙ (aitiaomai) is derived from the noun ΑἸΤΙΑ (aitia), meaning 'cause' or 'charge'. It signifies to attribute a cause or fault to someone.

G1818

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eks-ah-pah-thee-THEIS

Translations: deceived, having been deceived, being deceived

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'exapatao', meaning 'to deceive thoroughly' or 'to beguile'. It describes someone who has been completely led astray or tricked. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing the state or action of a noun, often indicating a completed action that has an ongoing result.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ

G0264

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hah-mar-TEIN

Translations: to sin, to miss the mark, to err, to do wrong

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'hamartanō'. It means 'to sin' or 'to miss the mark'. It describes the act of failing to meet a standard, whether moral, ethical, or a target. It is often used in a religious context to refer to transgressions against God's law or will. It can be used in sentences like 'He desired to sin' or 'It is better not to sin'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΣΕΒΕΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OW

Translations: he, she, it, him, her, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: This word is an elided form of the pronoun ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos), meaning 'he, she, it' or 'himself, herself, itself'. The coronis (̓) indicates that the final vowel of the original word has been dropped due to elision, usually before a word starting with a vowel. It functions as a personal pronoun (third person) or an intensive/demonstrative pronoun, depending on its position and context in a sentence. It can refer to a person or thing already mentioned, or emphasize the subject or object.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Accusative

G3789

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-FEH-ohs

Translations: of a serpent, of a snake

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ὄφις' (ophis), meaning 'serpent' or 'snake'. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to how 'of a serpent' or 'belonging to a snake' would be used in English. For example, 'the venom of a serpent' or 'the path of a snake'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΡΑΚΩΝ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to a word meaning 'to see' or 'to look', referring to the serpent's keen eyesight.

G1135

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: goo-ny-KAI-ahs

Translations: (of) womanly, (of) feminine, (of) female, womanly, feminine, female

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'womanly,' 'feminine,' or 'female.' It describes something belonging to or characteristic of a woman. It can be used to describe clothing, behavior, or qualities associated with women. In this form, it is either genitive singular feminine or accusative plural feminine.

Inflection: Genitive Singular Feminine or Accusative Plural Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΗΛΥΣ

Etymology: The root word ΓΥΝΗ (gynē) comes from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn, meaning 'woman.' The adjective ΓΥΝΑΙΚΕΙΟΣ is derived from this noun, meaning 'of or pertaining to a woman.'

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-non

Translations: having become, having happened, having been, having been born, that which has come into being, a thing that has happened

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ginomai', meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred. It can function as an adjective, describing a noun, or as a noun itself, referring to 'that which has come into being' or 'a thing that has happened'. It implies a state of being or an event that has taken place.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΣ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G5098

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tee-moh-REE-ah

Translations: punishment, vengeance, retribution, a punishment, a vengeance, a retribution

Notes: This word refers to punishment, vengeance, or retribution. It is often used in the context of divine or human justice, signifying the act of inflicting a penalty for an offense. It can be used to describe the consequence of wrongdoing.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΕΚΔΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek τιμωρία (timōría, “help, aid, vengeance, punishment”), from τιμωρός (timōrós, “avenging”), from τιμή (timḗ, “honor, price”) + ὀράω (horáō, “to see, look to”).

G3765

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ook-EH-tee

Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still

Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle 'οὐκ' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It can also mean 'not yet' in certain contexts, indicating that something has not happened up to the present time. It is used to express that something that was true or happening is no longer the case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ἜΤΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓Κ (not) and the adverb ἜΤΙ (yet, still).

G0321

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-DOH-seen

Translations: to give back, to restore, to yield, to produce

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'anadidomi', meaning 'to give back', 'to restore', 'to yield', or 'to produce'. It is a compound word formed from 'ana' (up, back, again) and 'didomi' (to give). It describes the action of returning something, or of the earth or plants yielding produce.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἀναδίδωμι (anadidomi) is a compound of the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It conveys the sense of giving something back or up.

G5147

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: tree-BOH-meh-noys

Translations: (to) being rubbed, (to) being worn out, (to) being oppressed, (to) being afflicted

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'τρίβω' (tribo), meaning 'to rub' or 'to wear out'. In its middle or passive voice, it describes something or someone being rubbed, worn away, or experiencing friction. Metaphorically, it can refer to being oppressed, afflicted, or experiencing hardship, as if being 'worn down' by circumstances. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating the recipients of the action.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΥΧΟΥΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΘΛΙΒΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EX-ayn

Translations: to provide, to furnish, to supply, to offer, to grant, to cause, to present, to afford

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb παρέχω (parechō). It means 'to provide' or 'to furnish' something to someone. It can also mean 'to offer' or 'to grant' a benefit or service. In a broader sense, it can imply 'to cause' or 'to present' a certain state or condition. It is often used in contexts where one person or entity makes something available to another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΣΧΕΙΝ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, its literal meaning is 'to hold alongside' or 'to have ready', which evolved into 'to provide' or 'to furnish'.

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-xee-OH-sayn

Translations: to deem worthy, to think worthy, to demand, to expect, to ask, to claim

Notes: This word is the future active infinitive form of the verb 'ἀξιόω'. It means 'to deem worthy' or 'to think worthy', often implying a sense of deservingness or entitlement. It can also mean 'to demand' or 'to expect' something as due, or 'to ask' or 'to claim' something. It is used to express an action that will happen in the future, often as the object of another verb.

Inflection: Future, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΑΠΑΙΤΕΩ, ΑΞΙΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ἀξιόω comes from the adjective ἄξιος (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving'. The verb essentially means 'to consider or make worthy'.

G5605

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-dee-NOHN

Translations: of birth pangs, of labor pains, of travail, of pains

Notes: This word refers to the intense pains experienced during childbirth, often translated as 'birth pangs' or 'labor pains'. It can also be used metaphorically to describe any severe anguish, distress, or suffering, similar to the pains of labor. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to the pains associated with birth or a similar intense struggle.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΟΣ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ὨΔΊΝ (ōdin) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to swell' or 'to be full'.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G1818

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-ay-pa-TEE-say

Translations: deceived, misled, tricked, beguiled

Notes: This word means to deceive, mislead, or trick someone. It is a compound verb formed from 'ἐκ' (out of, from) and 'ἀπατάω' (to deceive). It describes the act of leading someone astray through cunning or falsehood, often implying a deliberate act of deception. It is typically used in sentences where someone is the agent of deception and another is the object of that deception.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΔΟΛΙΟΩ

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-kroo-sa-ME-nee

Translations: having struck aside, having diverted, having deceived, having misled

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'parakrouō'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, indicating that someone (specifically a female in this form) has struck something aside, diverted it, or deceived/misled someone. It implies an action of turning something away from its intended course, often with a sense of trickery or misdirection.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Singular, Feminine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΕΞΑΠΑΤΑΩ

G4016

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-bah-len

Translations: he clothed, he put around, he threw around, he surrounded, he encompassed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. Together, it means to throw around, to put around, to clothe, or to surround. It is often used in the context of putting on clothing or encompassing something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΖΩΝΝΥΜΙ

G3710

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: or-ghis-THAYS

Translations: having become angry, being enraged, having been provoked

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having become angry' or 'having been enraged'. It describes a state of anger that has been entered into or a provocation that has been received, often indicating the cause or circumstance of a subsequent action. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to provide additional information about the subject's state.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΩΘΕΙΣ, ΕΞΑΓΡΙΩΘΕΙΣ

Etymology: The verb ὀργίζομαι (orgizomai) is derived from ὀργή (orgē), meaning 'anger' or 'wrath'. It describes the state of being filled with or experiencing anger.

G2550

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-koe-AY-thee-ah

Translations: malice, a malice, ill will, a mischievous disposition, a mischievousness, an evil disposition, a malevolence

Notes: This word refers to a malicious or mischievous disposition, characterized by ill will or a desire to cause harm or trouble. It describes a character trait where one takes pleasure in doing evil or in the misfortunes of others. It is a compound word derived from 'κακός' (bad, evil) and 'ἦθος' (custom, character).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΙΑ, ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ, ΦΘΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek adjective κακοήθης (kakoēthēs), meaning 'ill-disposed' or 'malicious', which is a compound of κακός (kakos, 'bad, evil') and ἦθος (ēthos, 'custom, character').

G2066

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-ON

Translations: violet, a violet, poison, rust, a rust

Notes: This word is a noun that can refer to a violet flower, or more commonly, to poison or rust. In the context of metals, it refers to the corrosive film that forms on them, like rust on iron or tarnish on gold. It can be used in sentences to describe the color violet, a toxic substance, or the decay of metal.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ἸΟΣ, ΦΑΡΜΑΚΟΝ, ΒΛΑΒΗ

Etymology: The word 'ἸΟΝ' is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the word 'ἰός' (ios), which also means rust or poison.

G4165

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-on

Translations: enemy, hostile, an enemy, a hostile thing, adversary

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is hostile, adversarial, or an enemy. It is often used to refer to an opponent in conflict or someone who is unfriendly. It can be used substantively to mean 'an enemy' or 'an adversary'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek word πόλεμος (polemos), meaning 'war' or 'battle'. Thus, it refers to that which pertains to war or an enemy.

G0584

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-DEIK-sas

Translations: having shown, having demonstrated, having proved, having pointed out, having appointed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἀποδείκνυμι', meaning 'to show forth', 'to demonstrate', 'to prove', or 'to appoint'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed by the subject. It often indicates a prior action that leads to a subsequent event or state.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΞΑΣ, ἘΠΙΔΕΙΞΑΣ, ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣΑΣ

G5295

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-THEM-eh-nos

Translations: having laid under, having put under, having suggested, having proposed, having supposed, having advised

Notes: This word is the aorist middle participle of the verb ΥΠΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ (hypotithēmi). It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. Therefore, it literally means 'to place under' or 'to put under'. Figuratively, it can mean 'to suggest', 'to propose', 'to advise', or 'to suppose', implying placing an idea or thought under consideration. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, with the subject being the one who performed the action for themselves or in their own interest.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΕΙΣΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

G5342

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FEH-rine

Translations: to bear, to carry, to bring, to lead, to endure, to produce

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΦΕΡΩ. It means "to bear," "to carry," or "to bring." It can also imply enduring something or producing fruit/results. It is used to express an action without specifying a subject or tense, often functioning like an English infinitive phrase.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- meaning 'to carry, to bear'. It is cognate with Latin ferō, English bear, and Sanskrit bharati.

G2749

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: KEE-meh-noo

Translations: (of) lying, (of) being laid, (of) being placed, (of) being set, (of) that which lies, (of) that which is laid, (of) that which is placed, (of) that which is set

Notes: ΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΥ is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the present middle/passive participle of the verb ΚΕΙΜΑΙ. It describes something that is in a state of lying, being laid, being placed, or being set. It often refers to something that is situated or established.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΟΥ, ΕΣΤΩΤΟΣ

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: teh-lew-TEES

Translations: of death, of an end, of a completion

Notes: This word refers to the act of dying, the end of life, or the completion of something. It is often used in contexts related to mortality or the conclusion of an event or process. In a sentence, it would typically function as a possessive or descriptive modifier, indicating something belonging to or related to death or an end.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΑΝΑΤΟΥ, ΠΕΡΑΣ

Etymology: The word τελευτή (teleutē) comes from the verb τελευτάω (teleutaō), meaning 'to finish, complete, die'. It is related to τέλος (telos), meaning 'end, goal, completion'.

G2038

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-ras-TES

Translations: lover, a lover, admirer, a suitor

Notes: This word refers to a lover or an admirer, someone who is passionately devoted to or fond of something or someone. It can be used in a romantic sense, but also more broadly to describe someone who has a strong affection or desire for something, such as beauty or wisdom. It is a compound word derived from the verb 'ἔραμαι' (eramai), meaning 'to love' or 'to desire'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΗΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἔραμαι (eramai), meaning 'to love' or 'to desire', combined with the agentive suffix -της (-tēs).

G0292

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-MY-noh-me-noys

Translations: (to) those defending themselves, (to) those warding off, (to) those avenging themselves, (to) those helping themselves

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, indicating an action being performed by the subject upon themselves or for their own benefit, or an action being performed upon the subject. In this dative plural form, it refers to 'those who are defending themselves,' 'those who are warding off something,' or 'those who are avenging themselves.' It describes a group of people engaged in self-defense or retaliation.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Dative Case, Plural Number, Masculine or Neuter Gender

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΟΥΣΙΝ, ἈΛΕΞΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΜΥΝΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- 'to project, to stand out'. It originally meant 'to ward off, to keep away', and later developed the sense of 'to defend' or 'to avenge'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-SO-meh-nes

Translations: of being, of about to be, of future, of that which is to be, of that which will be

Notes: This word is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the future participle of the verb 'εἰμί' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It describes something that is 'about to be', 'future', or 'that which will be'. It functions like an adjective, modifying a feminine noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship concerning a future state or event.

Inflection: Future, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Feminine

Etymology: The verb 'εἰμί' (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-, meaning 'to be'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G0650

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pos-teh-RAY-sas

Translations: having defrauded, having deprived, having withheld, having robbed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἀποστερέω'. It describes an action of depriving, defrauding, or withholding something from someone that has already occurred. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb, often indicating the cause, time, or manner of the main action in a sentence.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΛΑΩ, ἈΦΑΙΡΕΩ

G4367

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-TAK-sas

Translations: having commanded, having ordered, having instructed, having appointed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having commanded' or 'having ordered'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and has a direct bearing on the present situation or subsequent events. It is often used to indicate that someone has given an authoritative directive or instruction.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΙΛΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΕΛΕΥΣΑΣ, ΕΠΙΤΑΞΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and ΤΑΣΣΩ (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to appoint'. Thus, it literally means 'to arrange towards' or 'to appoint to', leading to the sense of commanding or ordering.

G3346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-toy-KID-zei

Translations: he removes, she removes, it removes, he resettles, she resettles, it resettles, he migrates, she migrates, it migrates

Notes: This verb describes the act of moving someone from one dwelling or place to another, often implying a change of residence or a forced relocation. It can refer to the act of causing someone to migrate or be resettled. It is used in the third person singular, indicating that 'he, she, or it' is performing the action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΟΙΚΙΖΩ is a compound word derived from the preposition ΜΕΤΑ (meta), meaning 'with, among, after, change', and the verb ΟΙΚΙΖΩ (oikizō), meaning 'to found a city, to colonize, to cause to dwell'. Thus, it literally means 'to cause to dwell among' or 'to change dwelling'.

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EH-teh-ron

Translations: another, other, different, a different thing, an other thing

Notes: This word means 'another' or 'other', emphasizing a difference in kind or quality from something else. It is used to refer to something distinct or different from what has been previously mentioned or implied. For example, it might be used to say 'another person' or 'a different kind of thing'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΤΕΡΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'one of two' or 'the other'. It is related to the English word 'other'.

G5561