2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G0191

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-koo-SAN-tee

Translations: (to) one hearing, (to) one who heard, (to) one having heard

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to hear'. It describes someone who is in the act of hearing or has completed the act of hearing. As a dative participle, it indicates the recipient or beneficiary of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for' before the person hearing, or simply as 'to one hearing'. It functions adjectivally or substantively in a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ἘΠΑΚΟΥΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G5401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FOH-bos

Translations: fear, a fear, terror, dread, reverence, respect

Notes: This word refers to the emotion of fear, dread, or terror. It can also denote reverence or respect, especially in a religious context, such as the 'fear of God'. It is a masculine noun and can be used in various grammatical cases depending on its role in a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΣ, ΤΡΟΜΟΣ, ΕΥΛΑΒΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *bhegʷ- meaning 'to flee, to run away'. In Greek, it evolved to refer to the emotion that causes one to flee or be afraid.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G3027

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-too

Translations: of lotus, of a lotus

Notes: This word refers to the lotus plant, a type of water lily. It is used to describe something belonging to or derived from the lotus. In ancient contexts, it could refer to various plants, including the Egyptian water lily or the fruit of the lotus-tree, which was fabled to cause forgetfulness in those who ate it.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From an Egyptian word, likely referring to the water lily. It entered Greek and was used to describe various plants, including the fabled lotus of the Lotophagi.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4773

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: soong-geh-NOOS

Translations: of a kinsman, of a kinswoman, of a relative, of a fellow countryman, of kin, of one's own people

Notes: This word refers to someone related by birth or kinship, a kinsman, kinswoman, or relative. It can also refer to a fellow countryman or someone of the same race or kind. It is used to describe a relationship of shared origin or family ties.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΙΚΟΣ, ΟΙΚΕΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ is a compound word formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the root ΓΕΝΟΣ (genos), meaning 'race', 'kind', 'family', or 'birth'. Thus, it literally means 'of the same race/kind/family'.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3628

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OYK-tos

Translations: pity, compassion, mercy, a pity, a compassion, a mercy

Notes: This word refers to a feeling of deep sympathy or compassion for the suffering or misfortune of others. It implies a sense of sorrow or distress at another's plight, often leading to a desire to alleviate their suffering. It is typically used in contexts where someone feels or shows mercy or pity towards another.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΟΣ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΑ

Etymology: From the verb οἰκτίρω (oiktírō), meaning 'to pity' or 'to have compassion'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-ton

Translations: of being, of existing, of those who are, of those who exist, of things that are, of things that exist

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be'. It functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating 'of those who are' or 'of things that exist'. It is often used to describe the state or condition of a group of people or things, or to refer to existing entities in a genitive context, meaning 'belonging to' or 'concerning' them.

Inflection: Present, Active, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G1067

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: gayt-nee-OHN-tone

Translations: neighboring, adjacent, bordering, of those who are neighbors, of those who are adjacent

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γειτνιάω' (geitniao), meaning 'to be a neighbor' or 'to be near'. As a participle, it describes something that is neighboring, adjacent, or bordering. It can function adjectivally to describe places or people that are close by, or substantively to refer to 'those who are neighbors' or 'those who are adjacent'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G1381

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: doh-kee-MAH-sas

Translations: having tested, having approved, having examined, having proved, having discerned

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'δοκιμάζω'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often preceding the main verb of the sentence. It means to test, examine, or prove something or someone, often with the intention of approving or discerning its quality or genuineness. It implies a process of scrutiny leading to a judgment.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ, ΕΞΕΤΑΖΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G0331

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-MEI-nen

Translations: he waited for, he awaited, he expected

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'ἀναμένω' (anamenō), meaning 'to wait for,' 'to await,' or 'to expect.' It is a compound verb formed from 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again,' and 'μένω' (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to wait.' It describes an action of waiting or expecting that was completed in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ, ΠΕΡΙΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G1893

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-KHTHAYS

Translations: having hastened, having hurried, having rushed, having pressed on, having been urgent

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΕΠΕΙΓΩ', meaning 'to hasten' or 'to hurry'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that the subject has performed the action of hastening or rushing. It is often used to show that someone acted with urgency or speed.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΤΑΧΥΝΩ, ΒΙΑΖΩ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G1964

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-peh-SOHN

Translations: falling upon, having fallen upon, falling on, having fallen on

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epipiptō', meaning 'to fall upon' or 'to fall on'. It describes an action of falling or throwing oneself onto something or someone, often with emotion such as grief, joy, or supplication. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'epi' (upon, on) and the verb 'piptō' (to fall).

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G4377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ah-go-REH-y-teh

Translations: is called, is named, is addressed, is saluted

Notes: This word describes the act of being called, named, addressed, or saluted. It is used when someone or something is referred to by a particular name or title, or when they are greeted. It is often used in a passive sense, indicating that the subject is the one receiving the action of being named or addressed.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ἀγορεύω (agoreuō), meaning 'to speak in the assembly' or 'to proclaim'. Thus, it originally meant 'to speak to' or 'to address', evolving to 'to name' or 'to call'.

G4077

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pay-GAY

Translations: spring, a spring, fountain, a fountain, well, a well, source, a source

Notes: This word refers to a spring of water, a fountain, or a well. Metaphorically, it can also refer to the source or origin of something, such as wisdom or life. It is typically used in a literal sense for a natural water source, but its figurative use is also common.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΡΗΝΗ, ΠΗΓΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an assumed root meaning 'to gush forth'. It is related to words signifying 'to fix' or 'to fasten', suggesting a fixed point from which water flows.

G5348

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: FTHA-sas

Translations: having come, having arrived, having reached, having attained, having anticipated, having preceded

Notes: ΦΘΑΣΑΣ is the masculine, singular, nominative aorist active participle of the verb ΦΘΑΝΩ (phthanō). It describes an action that has been completed before the main verb's action, often implying arrival, attainment, or anticipation. It can be translated as 'having come,' 'having arrived,' 'having reached,' or 'having anticipated,' depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΦΙΚΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

G4250

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: PRIN

Translations: before, sooner, until, ere

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a conjunction, indicating a point in time prior to another event or action. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'sooner'. As a conjunction, it means 'before' or 'until', often introducing a clause that describes an event that has not yet happened. It is frequently used with an infinitive or a subjunctive verb.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (forward, through). It is related to the preposition πρό (pro, before).

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tas

Translations: being, existing, those who are, those who exist

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (ΕἸΜΙ), inflected in the masculine accusative plural. It describes individuals or things that are currently in a state of being or existence. It can be translated as 'being' or 'existing', often referring to 'those who are' or 'those who exist' in a particular state or place, especially when used substantively (as a noun). For example, it might refer to 'those who are present' or 'those who are alive'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

G3361, G3366

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MAYD

Translations: not, lest, neither, nor, not even

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express prohibition, a negative condition, or a negative wish. It often appears in conjunction with other words, such as in the compound word 'μηδέ' (neither, nor, not even) or 'μηδαμῶς' (by no means). It is used with the subjunctive mood to forbid an action or express a negative purpose. It can also indicate a negative consequence or a fear that something might happen.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ, ΟΥΧ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meh₂- (not). It is a primary negative particle, expressing a subjective or conditional negation.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-on-tas

Translations: having, holding, possessing, those having, the ones holding

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions both as a verb, indicating an action, and as an adjective, modifying a noun. In this form, it describes individuals or things that are in the process of having or holding something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑΣ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with cognates in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G5157

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: tet-RAH-mme-noy

Translations: turned, turned about, turned away, directed, those who have been turned

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'τρέπω' (trepo), meaning 'to turn' or 'to direct'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a state of having been turned or directed. It refers to individuals or things that have undergone the action of being turned or changed in direction.

Inflection: Perfect Passive Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΕΚΛΙΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'τρέπω' (trepo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn'.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G1377

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-OH-kohn

Translations: pursuing, persecuting, chasing, following, striving after, one who pursues, he who pursues

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'διώκω'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can mean to pursue, chase, or follow, often with the intent to catch or overtake. It can also mean to persecute or harass, or to strive after something, like a goal or ideal. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who is performing the action of pursuing or persecuting.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΥΝΗΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΔΙΩΚΩ

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

G4887

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ay-LAH-sen

Translations: drove together, drove into, forced, compelled, gathered

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (together with) and the verb ἐλαύνω (to drive). It means to drive together, to force or compel someone into a place or action, or to gather people or things. It is used to describe the act of herding or pushing something or someone into a specific location or situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ, ΒΙΑΖΩ, ΣΥΝΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΕΛΑΥΝΩ is a compound of the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἐλαύνω (elaunō), meaning 'to drive', 'to push', or 'to march'. The root ἐλαύνω comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive' or 'to push'.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G1154

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dah-mas-kay-NOHN

Translations: of Damascus, Damascene, of the Damascenes

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'Damascene' or 'belonging to Damascus'. It is used to describe something or someone from the city of Damascus. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive plural, indicating 'of the Damascenes' or 'of the people of Damascus', often referring to the land or people associated with the city.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The word is derived from ΔΑΜΑΣΚΟΣ (Damaskos), the Greek name for the city of Damascus. The suffix -ηνός (-ēnos) is used to form adjectives indicating origin or belonging.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: po-ly-KHEI-ri-a

Translations: many-handedness, multi-handedness, dexterity, skill, industry, busyness

Notes: This is a compound noun formed from 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'many' or 'much', and 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. It literally translates to 'many-handedness'. It can refer to the quality of having many hands, or more figuratively, to great dexterity, skill, or industry, implying the ability to do many things or work diligently. It can also denote busyness or a multitude of tasks.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΧΕΙΡΙΑ, ΕΥΦΥΙΑ, ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'many, much', and the noun 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. It describes the state or quality of having many hands or being skilled with one's hands.

G4819

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-BE-bee-ken

Translations: it has happened, it has come to pass, it has occurred, it has resulted, it has turned out, it has befallen

Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb 'symbainō'. It describes an event or outcome that has already taken place or come to pass. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it happens' or 'it occurs', and can refer to something that has resulted from a previous action or circumstance.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G4288

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-thoo-MEE-ah

Translations: readiness, a readiness, willingness, a willingness, eagerness, an eagerness, zeal, a zeal, alacrity, an alacrity

Notes: This word refers to a state of being ready, willing, or eager to do something. It denotes a prompt and cheerful disposition, often implying enthusiasm or zeal in undertaking a task or fulfilling a duty. It can be used to describe someone's readiness to serve or their eagerness to learn.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΑ, ΖΗΛΟΣ, ΕΥΠΕΙΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek προθῠμίᾱ (prothumíā), from πρόθῠμος (próthumos, “eager, willing”), from πρό (pró, “before, forward”) + θῠμός (thumós, “spirit, soul, courage”). It literally means 'forward-spiritedness'.

G3164

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ma-KHO-me-non

Translations: of fighting, of contending, of warring, of struggling

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'machomai', meaning 'to fight' or 'to contend'. As a genitive plural participle, it describes the action of 'those who are fighting' or 'those who are contending'. It is often used to indicate the participants in a conflict or struggle, or to describe the state of being engaged in battle.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient root related to conflict and struggle. It is connected to the concept of battle and combat.

G1081

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: gen-NAI-on

Translations: noble, a noble, well-born, a well-born, brave, a brave, courageous, a courageous, generous, a generous

Notes: This word describes something or someone as noble, well-born, brave, courageous, or generous. It implies a quality of inherent goodness, high character, or valor. It can be used to describe a person's character, actions, or even a quality of something abstract like faith.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΥΓΕΝΗΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΑΝΔΡΕΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΕΝΝΑΙΟΣ (gennaios) comes from the Greek word γέννα (genna), meaning 'birth' or 'descent', implying a quality derived from noble birth or origin.

G5118

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toh-SOO-too

Translations: of so great, of so much, of so many, of such a size, of such a quantity

Notes: This word is an adjective indicating a large quantity, degree, or size. It is used to describe something as being 'so great,' 'so much,' or 'so many.' It often emphasizes the extent or magnitude of something, similar to how 'such' or 'so' is used in English to intensify a description. For example, it might be used to describe 'so great a crowd' or 'of so much time.'

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΣ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ

G4060

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-GEH-noh-meh-nos

Translations: overcoming, surviving, prevailing, being superior, getting the better of, being left over, being in excess

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'periginomai', meaning 'to come around' or 'to come to be over'. It describes someone or something that has overcome, survived, or prevailed in a situation. It can also refer to something that is left over or in excess. It is often used to indicate superiority or success in a conflict or challenge.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-po-soy

Translations: as many as, how many, all who, whoever

Notes: This word functions as a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'how many'. It introduces a clause that refers to a quantity or number of people or things. It can be used to indicate 'all those who' or 'whoever' in a plural sense.

Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΣΟΙ, ΠΟΣΟΙ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ὅς (hos, “this, that”) and the indefinite pronoun σός (sos, “your”). It is related to the interrogative pronoun πόσος (posos, “how much, how many”).

G0009

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-DOX-ohs

Translations: ingloriously, dishonorably, without glory, ignominiously

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'ingloriously' or 'dishonorably'. It describes an action performed without honor, glory, or good reputation. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'δόξα' (doxa), meaning 'glory' or 'honor'. Thus, it literally means 'without glory'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΤΙΜΩΣ, ΑΣΧΗΜΟΝΩΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the adjective ἀδόξος (adoxos), which combines the privative alpha (α-) with δόξα (doxa), meaning 'glory' or 'opinion'. It signifies a state of being without glory or honor.

G0390

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-STREH-psahn

Translations: they returned, they turned back, they turned around, they overturned, they overthrew

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀναστρέφω. It describes an action that happened in the past and was completed. It can mean to return or turn back, often in the sense of going back to a place or state. It can also mean to overturn or overthrow, implying a disruption or reversal of something.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ὙΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: SOH-sas

Translations: saving, having saved, delivering, having delivered, preserving, having preserved

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to save' or 'to deliver'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of saving or has already completed the act of saving. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating the action performed by that noun or pronoun.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΕΚΣΩΖΩ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: leef-THEN-tes

Translations: taken, received, seized, arrested, caught, apprehended, obtained

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that has been taken, received, seized, or apprehended. It often implies being caught or arrested, especially in a negative sense, but can also refer to obtaining something. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'those who were taken' or 'having been seized'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G5348

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ef-THA-san

Translations: were anticipated, were reached, were attained, were overtaken, arrived first, came before

Notes: This is the third person plural, aorist indicative passive form of the verb φθάνω. It means 'they were anticipated,' 'they were reached,' or 'they were overtaken.' The verb φθάνω generally means to arrive first, to anticipate, to come before, or to reach a certain point or state. In the passive voice, it indicates that the subjects were the recipients of this action, meaning something or someone arrived before them, reached them, or overtook them.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΦΘΑΝΩ

G0784

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ass-SYR-ee-ohn

Translations: of Assyria, of the Assyrians, Assyrian

Notes: This word refers to something or someone belonging to Assyria or the Assyrian people. It is used to describe things originating from or associated with the ancient kingdom of Assyria, or to refer to the people themselves. In a sentence, it would typically modify a noun, indicating its origin or association, or be used substantively to refer to the people.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From the Hebrew word 'Ashshur' (H0804), referring to Assyria or an Assyrian.

G4773

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: syng-ge-NEH

Translations: related, kindred, a kinsman, a kinswoman, a relative

Notes: This word refers to someone who is related by birth or family, a kinsman or kinswoman. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as 'related' or 'kindred', or as a noun to refer to a 'relative' or 'kinsman'. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'γένος' (genos), meaning 'race', 'family', or 'kind'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΣΥΝΟΙΚΟΣ, ΟΙΚΕΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ is derived from the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the noun γένος (genos), meaning 'race', 'family', or 'kind'. It describes a relationship of shared origin or family.

G3027

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-ton

Translations: lotus, a lotus

Notes: This word refers to the lotus plant, a type of water lily. In ancient contexts, it could also refer to a specific fruit or a type of flute made from the wood of the lotus tree. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'lotus' is of Greek origin, derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wel- meaning 'to turn, roll'. It refers to various plants, particularly water lilies, known since ancient times.

G328

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nez-EVK-sen

Translations: he set out, he departed, he marched away

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀναζεύγνυμι (anazeugnymi). It is a compound verb formed from ἀνά (ana, 'up, back') and ζεύγνυμι (zeugnymi, 'to yoke, to join'). It means to unyoke, to set out, or to depart, often in the context of a journey or military movement. It describes the action of someone breaking camp or beginning a march.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀναζεύγνυμι is a compound of ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and ζεύγνυμι (zeugnymi), meaning 'to yoke' or 'to join'. The combination implies unyoking or breaking a connection, leading to the sense of setting out or departing.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G0937

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: bah-see-lee-KON

Translations: royal, kingly, a royal thing, a royal palace, a royal court, a royal edict, a royal command, a royal decree, a royal law, a royal building

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'royal' or 'kingly'. It describes something belonging to, characteristic of, or associated with a king or royalty. When used as a substantive (like 'the royal thing'), it can refer to a royal palace, a royal court, a royal edict, or anything that is specifically royal in nature, depending on the context. It is derived from the word for 'king'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΙΚΟΣ

G2419

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: SO-loo-ma

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center. It is often found as part of the compound word ΙΕΡΟΣΟΛΥΜΑ (Hierosolyma), which is the more common form for Jerusalem in Koine Greek. In some contexts, ΣΟΛΥΜΑ may be used as a shorter or poetic form of the city's name.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΣΟΛΥΜΑ

Etymology: The name 'Solymos' or 'Solymos' is an ancient name for Jerusalem, possibly of Semitic origin. It is related to the Hebrew name 'Yerushalayim'.

G5264

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-DEKH-eh-tai

Translations: receives, welcomes, entertains, receives as a guest

Notes: This word means to receive someone, especially as a guest, to welcome them, or to entertain them. It implies an act of hospitality, taking someone into one's home or presence. It is often used in contexts where someone is being given a warm reception.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'from under', and the verb ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. The combination suggests receiving someone 'under one's roof' or 'into one's care'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dee-KAH-ee-oss

Translations: righteous, just, upright, fair, a righteous one, a just one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is righteous, just, or in conformity with divine or human law. It can refer to a person who acts morally and ethically, or to an action that is considered fair and equitable. When used as a noun, it refers to a righteous person.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (can also be used substantively as a noun)

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΕΥΘΥΣ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek word δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It describes that which is in accordance with justice or right.

G5108

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toy-OO-tos

Translations: such, such a, such a kind, such a one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to refer to something or someone previously mentioned or implied, indicating their nature or quality. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, standing in for a noun (e.g., 'such a one').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It inflects to agree with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case.

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun οὗτος (houtos, "this") and the correlative pronoun οἷος (hoios, "such as"). It literally means "this kind of".

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3305

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN-toy

Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly

Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.

G5306

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: HOO-steh-ron

Translations: later, afterward, last, finally, the latter, the end, a later time, the later

Notes: This word indicates a point in time that comes after another, or something that is last in a sequence. It can function as an adverb meaning 'later' or 'afterward', or as an adjective/noun meaning 'the last' or 'the latter part'. It is often used to refer to a subsequent event or a final outcome.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (when functioning as a noun/adjective), Adverbial

Synonyms: ΟΨΕ, ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΤΕΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the comparative form of the adverb 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', indicating a position or time that is subsequent or inferior.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G3578

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kseh-NEE-ah

Translations: hospitality, a hospitality, guest-gifts, presents, lodging, entertainment

Notes: This word refers to the practice of hospitality, which was a very important social custom in the ancient world. It can also refer to the gifts given to a guest or host as part of this custom, or to the lodging provided to a guest. It is used to describe the act of receiving and entertaining strangers or guests.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΞΕΝΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΞΕΝΟΔΟΧΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word ξένος (xénos), meaning 'stranger' or 'guest'. The suffix -ία is used to form abstract nouns, indicating a state or quality related to the root.

G0078

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: af-tho-NEE-ah

Translations: abundance, plenty, a plenty, an abundance

Notes: This word refers to an ample supply or a great quantity of something, indicating a state of being plentiful or having more than enough. It is often used to describe a generous provision of resources or goods.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΙΑ, ΕΥ̓ΠΟΡΙΑ

Etymology: From ἀ- (a-, 'not') and φθόνος (phthonos, 'envy, grudge'). It literally means 'without envy' or 'without grudging,' implying an abundance that is given freely and without reservation.

G2039

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-TAY-dee-ohn

Translations: (of) necessities, (of) provisions, (of) supplies, (of) things necessary

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'suitable' or 'fit for use'. In its plural form, especially in the genitive case as seen here, it is often used substantively to refer to 'things that are necessary' or 'provisions' and 'supplies' for life, such as food or other essential items. It describes what is needed or appropriate for a particular purpose or situation.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΚΑΙΩΝ, ΧΡΕΙΑΣ, ΠΟΡΙΣΜΟΥ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb τηδέω (tēdeō), meaning 'to care for' or 'to provide'. It refers to what is suitable or provided for a purpose.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G2165

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-oh-KHEE-ah

Translations: feast, a feast, feasting, good cheer, revelry

Notes: This word refers to a feast or a banquet, often implying a time of good cheer, revelry, or luxurious living. It describes a gathering for eating and drinking, typically on a grand scale, and can also denote the enjoyment or pleasure derived from such an event. It is used in sentences to describe the act of holding a feast or participating in one.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΠΟΣΙΟΝ, ΔΕΙΠΝΟΝ, ΕΥ̓ΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word Εὐωχία (euōchia) comes from the Greek words εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'having well' or 'being well off', referring to a state of prosperity or good living, which then extended to mean a feast or good cheer.

G1867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ai-NEIN

Translations: to praise, to commend, to approve, to applaud

Notes: This word means to express approval or admiration for someone or something. It is often used in the context of commending good deeds, virtues, or individuals. It can also imply giving approval or assent to an action or statement.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑἸΝΕΩ, ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΕΩ, ΔΟΞΑΖΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπαινέω (epainéō), from ἐπί (epí, “upon, in addition”) + αἰνέω (ainéō, “to praise”).

G0756

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eer-XAH-toh

Translations: began, started

Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'he/she/it began' or 'he/she/it started'. It is used to indicate the commencement of an action or state, often implying that the subject initiated the action themselves (middle voice) or that the action simply began (passive voice).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to be first, to rule, to begin'. The middle voice ἄρχομαι means 'to begin' or 'to take the lead'.

G2127

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-lo-GEH-in

Translations: to bless, to praise, to speak well of, to invoke a blessing upon

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the Greek words ΕΥ̓ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos), meaning 'word' or 'speech'. Therefore, it literally means 'to speak well of'. It is used to express the act of bestowing a blessing, praising someone or something, or invoking divine favor. It can also refer to speaking well of someone in a general sense.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΑἸΝΕΩ, ἘΠΑΙΝΕΩ, ΔΟΞΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΕΩ is derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ̓ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and the verb ΛΕΓΩ (legō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. It originally meant 'to speak well of' and later acquired the sense of 'to bless' in a religious context, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament.

G5259

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoo-po-KHEI-ree-oos

Translations: subject, under control, in subjection, under the hand of, those subject to, those under control

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is under the power, authority, or control of another. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under', and 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. Therefore, it literally means 'under hand' or 'under one's hand'. It is used to indicate a state of being subordinate or subservient.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΤΑΚΤΟΣ, ΔΟΥΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΟΧΕΙΡΙΟΣ is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under', and the noun ΧΕΙΡ (cheir), meaning 'hand'. It describes a state of being literally 'under the hand' or control of someone.

G4160

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: poy-EE-san-tah

Translations: having made, who made, the one who made, him who made, maker, doer

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having made' or 'who made'. It describes someone who has performed an action of making or doing. It functions like an adjective or a noun, often referring to 'the one who made' or 'the maker', and in this form, it is in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΝ, ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΗΣΑΝΤΑ

G1325

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: di-DON-tos

Translations: giving, of giving, a giver

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'didomi', meaning 'to give'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. In the genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the subject of a dependent clause, translating to 'of giving' or 'one who is giving'. It can also be used substantively, meaning 'the one giving' or 'a giver'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΥΣ, ΔΙΔΟΝ

G4327

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-DEH-kheh-tai

Translations: receives, accepts, awaits, expects, is received, is accepted, is awaited, is expected

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. Together, it means to receive or accept something, often with an implication of welcoming or waiting for it. It can also mean to await or expect something or someone. It is used in sentences where someone is receiving, accepting, or anticipating an action or object.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ, ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-reh-KAH-lei

Translations: he was calling alongside, he was exhorting, he was comforting, he was urging, he was appealing, he was entreating

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb παρακαλέω (parakaleō). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It means to call someone to one's side, to summon, to invite, to encourage, to exhort, to comfort, to console, to appeal to, or to entreat.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΛΗΤΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ

G0618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-lah-BANE

Translations: to receive back, to get back, to recover, to obtain, to receive

Notes: This is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb. It is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (away from, back) and the verb 'λαμβάνω' (to take, to receive). It generally means to receive something back, to recover what was lost or due, or to obtain something that is rightfully yours. It can also simply mean to receive, especially in the sense of receiving a reward or recompense.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀπολαμβάνω is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'back', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. Its meaning evolved from 'to take back' to 'to receive' or 'to obtain'.

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-KSEE-oo

Translations: was thinking worthy, was deeming worthy, was demanding, was asking, was requesting, was claiming, was expecting

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'axioō'. It means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' 'to ask,' 'to request,' or 'to demand.' It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was continuously or repeatedly considering something worthy, or making a request or demand. It often implies a sense of entitlement or a belief that one has a right to something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΖΗΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ

G3625

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oy-KAY-ooce

Translations: one's own, a relative, a member of one's household, a kinsman, a kinswoman, a domestic, a household member

Notes: This word describes something or someone belonging to one's own household or family. It can refer to relatives, family members, or those who are part of one's domestic circle. It is often used to emphasize a close, personal connection, similar to 'one's own people' or 'those of one's own house'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΙΚΙΑΚΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΘΕΝ

Etymology: From οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'household'. The suffix -ειος indicates belonging or relation.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OOD

Translations: not, no, nor, neither, not even

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It is often used in combination with other negative words to strengthen the negation, such as in the phrase "οὐ μή" (ou mē), which conveys a strong, emphatic negation, often translated as "never" or "by no means." It can also function as a conjunction meaning "nor" or "neither," connecting two negative clauses or ideas.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou) and the particle δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'. It emphasizes the negation.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KEE-ness

Translations: of that, of her

Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point to something or someone distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or separation, often translated with 'of' or 'from'. When used as an adjective, it modifies a feminine noun in the genitive case. When used as a pronoun, it stands in for a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

G2240

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: HEK-sane

Translations: to come, to have come, to arrive

Notes: This word is the future active infinitive of the verb ἥκω (hēkō), meaning 'to come' or 'to arrive'. It describes an action of coming or arriving that is expected to happen in the future. It is often used in indirect statements or to express purpose or result.

Inflection: Future, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- ('to follow'). It is related to Latin sequor ('to follow') and English 'sequence'.

G4133

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: PLAYN

Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for

Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GEH-noi-toh

Translations: let it be, may it be, so be it, amen

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to become' or 'to happen'. In this specific form, it is in the optative mood, which expresses a wish, a prayer, or a strong desire. It is often translated as 'let it be' or 'may it happen', similar to the English 'amen' when used to affirm a statement or prayer.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Optative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΙΗ, ΓΕΝΗΘΗΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'.

G3313

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MOI-ran

Translations: a part, a portion, a share, a lot, destiny, fate

Notes: ΜΟΙΡΑΝ is a feminine noun meaning a part, portion, or share of something. It can also refer to one's lot in life, destiny, or fate. It is used to describe a division or allocation of something, or the predetermined course of events for an individual.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΟΣ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *smer- meaning 'to allot, assign'. It is related to the verb μείρομαι (meiromai), meaning 'to receive one's share'.

G4948

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soos-trah-TEV-oh-me-noys

Translations: fellow soldiers, those who serve with, those who campaign with, those who fight together

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'those who are campaigning together' or 'those who are serving as fellow soldiers'. It describes individuals who are engaged in a joint military campaign or service alongside others. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'στρατεύομαι' (to serve as a soldier, to make war).

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Plural, Dative

Etymology: The word ΣΥΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ is derived from the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb στρατεύομαι (strateuomai), meaning 'to serve as a soldier' or 'to make war'. The verb στρατεύομαι itself comes from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encampment'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ES-khon

Translations: having, holding, possessing, a having, a holding, a possessing

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it describes an action that happened in the past and is often translated as 'having' or 'after having'. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing the circumstances of an action. For example, 'the one having' or 'by having'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine/Neuter, Nominative/Accusative Singular; or Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative Plural

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a fundamental verb in Greek, indicating possession, holding, or being in a certain state.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: PRO-tos

Translations: first, a first, chief, principal, foremost, the first

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, rank, or importance. It can be used as an adjective to describe a noun, or it can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the first one' or 'the chief person/thing'. It indicates precedence or priority.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From a superlative form of the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- (forward, before). It is related to the English word 'prior'.

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KAH-lay-toh

Translations: was called, used to be called, he was called, she was called, it was called

Notes: This is the third person singular, imperfect indicative form of the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. In this form, it translates to 'was called' or 'used to be called', indicating an action that was ongoing or habitual in the past. It can be used to describe someone or something being named or referred to by a particular title.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Passive or Middle Voice

Etymology: The word 'καλέω' (kaleō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁-, meaning 'to shout, to call'. It is related to Latin calo ('to call out') and English 'hail'.

G1806

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: en-NAY-ross

Translations: eighty years old, eighty

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'eighty years old' or simply 'eighty'. It is used to describe someone or something that has reached the age of eighty. It can be used in sentences to specify the age of a person or the duration of something in terms of eighty years.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From the Greek prefix 'en-' (meaning 'in' or 'on') and 'neros' (related to 'neos' meaning 'new' or 'young'), though the exact formation is complex and refers to the number eighty. It is related to the numeral 'ogdoēkonta' (eighty).

G1867

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-py-NEH-sas

Translations: having praised, after praising, when he praised, he praised

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἐπαινέω' (epaineō), meaning 'to praise' or 'to commend'. As a participle, it describes an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence, often functioning adverbially to indicate cause, time, or manner. In this form, it specifically refers to a masculine singular subject who performed the action of praising.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑἸΝΕΣΑΣ, ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΗΣΑΣ

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G0514

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AX-ee-on

Translations: worthy, deserving, fitting, proper, a worthy thing, a fitting thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'worthy,' 'deserving,' or 'fitting.' It is used to describe something or someone that is of appropriate value, merit, or suitability for a particular purpose or situation. It can be used to say that something is 'worthy of' something else, often followed by a genitive case.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΟΣ, ΠΡΕΠΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΞΙΟΣ (axios) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ag- meaning 'to drive, draw, move'. It is related to the idea of weighing or balancing, thus leading to the sense of 'having weight' or 'being worthy'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G2110

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-pra-GHEE-ais

Translations: (to) successes, (to) prosperities, (to) well-beings

Notes: This word refers to good fortune, prosperity, or success. It is a compound word formed from the Greek words for 'good' (εὖ) and 'to do' or 'to fare' (πράσσω), literally meaning 'good doing' or 'good fortune'. It is used to describe a state of flourishing or favorable circumstances.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΗΜΕΡΙΑ, ΕΥ̓ΤΥΧΙΑ, ὈΛΒΟΣ

Etymology: The word Εὐπραγία (eupragia) is derived from the Greek prefix εὖ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and the noun πρᾶξις (praxis), meaning 'a doing' or 'action', which comes from the verb πράσσω (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to fare'.

G5274

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-la-BON-tos

Translations: of having taken up, of having received, of having supposed, of having answered, of having understood

Notes: This word is a genitive singular masculine or neuter participle derived from the verb 'hypolambanō'. It describes an action of 'taking up', 'receiving', 'supposing', 'answering', or 'understanding' that has already occurred. It is often used to indicate the subject of a genitive absolute construction or to show possession or origin related to the action of the verb.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΟΝΤΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΥ, ΝΟΜΙΣΑΝΤΟΣ

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G5485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHA-rees

Translations: grace, a grace, favor, a favor, kindness, a kindness, thanks, gratitude, charm, a charm, delight, a delight

Notes: This word is a feminine noun that generally refers to grace, favor, or kindness. It can also mean thanks or gratitude, especially in expressions like 'to give thanks'. In some contexts, it can refer to charm or delight. It is often used to describe divine favor or unmerited divine assistance given to humans.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ, ΕΛΕΟΣ, ΔΩΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- ('to desire, to like'). In ancient Greek, it developed to mean 'that which delights' or 'favor'.

G3406

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mis-THOHN

Translations: of wages, of reward, of pay, of hire

Notes: This word refers to wages, pay, or reward. It is typically used to denote compensation for work or service rendered. It can also refer to the reward or recompense for actions, whether good or bad. In this form, it is the genitive plural of the noun, indicating possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΣ, ΜΙΣΘΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΣΘΟΣ (misthos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to payment for labor or service.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-NEE-ses-thai

Translations: to be, to become, to happen, to come into being, will be, will become, will happen

Notes: This word is the future middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of 'to be,' 'to become,' or 'to happen' in the future. It is often used to express what will occur or come into existence, functioning as the object of another verb or as part of a future-oriented clause.

Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΣΕΣΘΑΙ, ΠΟΙΗΣΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to produce, to beget, to give birth.' It is related to words like 'genesis' in English.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noo

Translations: of that, of that one, of him, of it, that one's, his

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of that', 'of that one', 'of him', or 'of it'. It can refer to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, distinguishing it from something closer or more immediate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ' is derived from the demonstrative particle 'ἘΚΕῖ' (there), indicating distance. It points to something or someone far off or distinct from the speaker and listener.

G3898

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-rap-lee-SEE-ohs

Translations: similarly, likewise, in like manner, in a similar way

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'similarly' or 'likewise'. It is used to indicate that something is done or happens in a way that is comparable or analogous to something else previously mentioned. For example, one might say 'he acted similarly' to describe an action that mirrors another.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΙΩΣ, ΩΣΑΥΤΩΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the adjective ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ (paraplēsios), meaning 'nearly resembling' or 'similar'. It is a compound word formed from ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and ΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ (plēsios), meaning 'near' or 'neighboring'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TAWT

Translations: this, that, these, those

Notes: ΤΑΥΤ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either near in space or time, or recently mentioned. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Genitive, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G2753

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: keh-LEF-sthaice

Translations: having been commanded, having been ordered, having been urged, having been exhorted

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'κελεύω' (keleuō), meaning 'to command' or 'to order'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred to the subject. In this form, it indicates that the subject has received a command or order. It is often used to introduce a clause explaining the reason or circumstance for an action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΑΧΘΕΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΧΘΕΙΣ, ΚΕΛΕΥΣΘΕΝΤΟΣ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G5158

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TRO-pos

Translations: way, manner, a way, a manner, custom, habit, character, conduct, turn

Notes: This word refers to a way, manner, or mode of doing something. It can also describe a custom, habit, or one's character and conduct. It is often used to describe how an action is performed or the nature of a person's behavior.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΤΡΟΠΗ, ΕΘΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb τρέπω (trepō), meaning 'to turn'. The noun refers to the way something turns or is directed, hence its meaning of 'manner' or 'way'.

G5147

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: tree-EH-tay

Translations: three years old, of three years, lasting three years, a three-year-old

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'three years old' or 'lasting three years'. It is used to describe something that has existed for three years or is three years of age. It can modify nouns referring to time periods, animals, or people.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The word ΤΡΙΕΤΗΣ is a compound word derived from ΤΡΕΙΣ (treis), meaning 'three', and ΕΤΟΣ (etos), meaning 'year'.

G2753

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: keh-LEF-san-tos

Translations: (of) having commanded, (of) having ordered, (of) having urged, (of) having directed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κελεύω', meaning 'to command' or 'to order'. As a genitive participle, it often indicates the agent or cause of an action, translating to 'of one who commanded' or 'when he commanded'. It describes someone who has given an order or instruction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word 'κελεύω' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'κέλλω' (to drive, to urge).

G1244

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-EYE-leh

Translations: divided, distributed, separated, apportioned

Notes: This word means to divide, distribute, or separate something into parts or groups. It is often used to describe the act of apportioning resources, people, or tasks among different entities. It can also imply a distinction or differentiation between things.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΝΕΜΩ, ΧΩΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΙΡΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (DIA), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ΑΙΡΕΩ (AIREO), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'. Thus, it literally means 'to take apart' or 'to choose apart'.

G1244

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-LON

Translations: dividing, having divided, distributing, separating, apportioning

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'διαίρεω' (diaireō), meaning 'to divide' or 'to separate'. As a participle, it functions like both a verb and an adjective, describing an action that has been completed before or at the same time as the main verb of the sentence. It indicates the subject has performed the action of dividing, separating, or distributing something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΖΩΝ, ΔΙΑΧΩΡΙΖΩΝ

G3637

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-oh-NOHN

Translations: of birds, of omens, of auguries

Notes: This word refers to birds, especially large birds of prey, or more broadly, to omens or portents derived from observing the flight or behavior of birds. It is a compound word, combining 'οἶος' (oios, 'alone') and 'ὤν' (ōn, 'being'), suggesting a solitary or unique being, which then came to refer to birds, particularly those used for divination. It is used in a genitive plural form, indicating possession or origin, such as 'of birds' or 'of omens'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΡΝΙΘΩΝ, ΠΤΗΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΟἸΩΝΟΣ (oiōnos) is derived from a combination of 'οἶος' (oios), meaning 'alone' or 'single', and 'ὤν' (ōn), the present participle of 'εἰμί' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. This etymology suggests a 'solitary being', which then came to refer to birds, especially those observed for omens.

G2183

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ef-ip-TA-me-non

Translations: of flying upon, of flying over, of swooping down upon, of rushing upon

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ephiptamai', meaning 'to fly upon' or 'to swoop down upon'. It describes an action of moving quickly and directly towards something, often from above, like a bird swooping. It can also imply a sudden attack or a rapid approach.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΦΙΠΤΑΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ἹΠΤΑΜΑΙ (hiptamai), meaning 'to fly'.

G1939

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-thoo-MEE-ah

Translations: desire, a desire, longing, lust, craving

Notes: This word refers to a strong desire or longing, which can be either good or bad depending on the context. It can denote a legitimate and positive desire, such as a longing for something good, or it can refer to an evil and sinful craving, often translated as 'lust'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, toward) and 'θυμός' (passion, spirit).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΡΕΞΙΣ, ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΘΕΛΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ is derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'toward', and the noun θυμός (thymos), meaning 'passion', 'spirit', or 'soul'. It thus conveys the idea of a strong inclination or passion directed towards something.

G0129

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AI-mah-tos

Translations: of blood

Notes: This word refers to blood, the fluid that circulates in the vascular system of humans and other vertebrates. In Koine Greek, it is often used literally to refer to physical blood, but can also be used metaphorically to denote lineage, sacrifice, or violent death. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or material, often translated as 'of blood'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: The word ΑΙΜΑ (haima) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek word that has maintained its core meaning of 'blood' throughout its history.

G5456

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foh-NAY

Translations: voice, sound, noise, a voice, a sound, a noise

Notes: This word refers to a voice, a sound, or a noise. It is commonly used to describe the sound produced by living beings, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal, but can also refer to inanimate sounds like thunder or the sound of a trumpet. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to speak, tell, say). Cognate with Latin fari (to speak) and English ban.

G3918, G3867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EEN

Translations: was present, were present, was advising, was exhorting, was encouraging

Notes: This word is an inflected form that can come from two different Koine Greek verbs. It can be the imperfect active indicative, third person singular or plural, of ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, meaning 'to be present' or 'to be at hand'. In this sense, it describes someone or something being in a particular place or situation. Alternatively, it can be the imperfect active indicative, third person singular, of ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ, meaning 'to advise', 'to exhort', or 'to encourage'. The specific meaning depends on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular or Plural (from ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ); Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular (from ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ)

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΗΜΕΩ, ΣΥΜΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

G0660

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-see-MAI-noo-sah

Translations: indicating, signifying, pointing out, showing, giving a sign, revealing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'indicating' or 'signifying'. It describes an action of making something known or clear, often by means of a sign, gesture, or revelation. It can be used to describe someone or something that points out or reveals information.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΗΜΑΙΝΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΕΝΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἀποσημαίνω (aposemainō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb σημαίνω (sēmainō), meaning 'to show', 'to signify', or 'to give a sign'.

G1477

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eng-GOH-noys

Translations: (to) grandchildren, (to) descendants, (to) offspring

Notes: This word refers to one's offspring, specifically grandchildren or descendants. It is used to denote the generation that follows, extending the family line. In a sentence, it would indicate the recipients of an action or something given to them.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΓΟΝΟΙ, ΕΚΓΟΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΓΓΟΝΟΣ (enggonos) comes from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and γόνος (gonos), meaning 'offspring' or 'seed'. Thus, it literally means 'born from' or 'descended from'.

G5071

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: tet-ra-KO-see-ah

Translations: four hundred

Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'four hundred'. It is used to quantify nouns, indicating a quantity of 400. It functions similarly to an adjective, agreeing in number, gender, and case with the noun it modifies, though it can also be used substantively.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter. It can also be used for Masculine or Feminine nouns in these cases.

Etymology: The word ΤΕΤΡΑΚΟΣΙΑ is derived from the Greek prefix ΤΕΤΡΑ- (tetra-), meaning 'four', and the root for 'hundred', -ΚΟΣΙΑ (-kosia).

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-nee-SOH-meh-noos

Translations: those who are about to become, those who will be, future ones

Notes: This word is a future participle, meaning 'those who are about to become' or 'those who will be'. It describes individuals or things that are in the process of coming into existence or changing into a certain state in the future. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun, and indicates a future action or state of being.

Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural, Future, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΣΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The root word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to beget, to be born, to produce'. It is related to words meaning 'kin' or 'generation'.

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G2553

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-koh-pa-THEE-san-tas

Translations: those who suffered hardship, those who endured evil, those who suffered affliction

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from 'κακός' (bad, evil) and 'πάθος' (suffering, experience). It describes individuals who have undergone or experienced hardship, suffering, or affliction. As an aorist active participle, it indicates an action completed in the past by the subject, often translated as 'having suffered' or 'those who suffered'. It is used to describe people who have endured difficult circumstances.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΒΕΝΤΑΣ, ΠΑΘΟΝΤΑΣ

G4024

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-ses-thai

Translations: to surround, to encompass, to contain, to hold, to excel, to surpass, to be superior, to survive, to remain, to be left over

Notes: This is a future middle/passive infinitive form of the verb περιέχω (periechō), which is a compound verb formed from περί (peri, 'around, about') and ἔχω (echō, 'to have, to hold'). It generally means 'to surround' or 'to encompass'. In a figurative sense, it can mean 'to excel' or 'to surpass'. When used in the middle voice, it can mean 'to survive' or 'to be left over'.

Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ, ΥΠΟΛΕΙΠΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word περιέχω (periechō) is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: krah-TAY-sahn-tahs

Translations: having seized, having grasped, having held, having overcome, having conquered, having prevailed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'κράτεω' (krateō), meaning 'to be strong, to rule, to seize, to hold fast, to overcome'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed by the subject, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this form, it refers to 'those who have seized' or 'those who have overcome'. It is often used to describe someone who has gained control or mastery over something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΝΙΚΑΩ

Etymology: The word 'κράτεω' (krateō) comes from 'κράτος' (kratos), meaning 'strength, power, might, dominion'. It is related to the idea of having power or control.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G2730

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-TOH-kay

Translations: he dwelt, he inhabited, he lived, he settled

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'katoikeō', meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It describes an action of dwelling or settling that was ongoing or habitual in the past. It is a compound word formed from 'kata' (down, completely) and 'oikeō' (to dwell).

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΩ, ΖΑΩ, ΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The verb ΚΑΤΟΙΚΕΩ (katoikeō) is derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It signifies dwelling in a settled or permanent manner.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: oh-gy-GEN

Translations: Ogygia

Notes: This is the name of a mythical island in Greek mythology, most famously known as the home of the nymph Calypso in Homer's Odyssey. It is where Odysseus was held captive for seven years. The word itself can also be used to describe something ancient, primeval, or very old.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The origin of the name 'Ogygia' is uncertain. It is often associated with the mythical king Ogyges, who was said to be the first ruler of Boeotia or Attica, and whose reign was linked to a great flood. The name has come to signify something ancient or primeval.

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ka-loo-MEH-nayn

Translations: called, named, being called, being named, the one called, the one named

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call' or 'to name'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is being called or named. It can be used to introduce a descriptive phrase or clause, often indicating a characteristic or identity.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

G1351

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DROON

Translations: oak, a tree, a strong tree

Notes: This word refers to an oak tree, or more generally, any large, strong tree. It is often used to denote a place of significance or a landmark due to the size and longevity of such trees. In the provided examples, it appears in the accusative case, indicating the object of a preposition or verb, such as 'under an oak tree'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΝΔΡΟΝ, ΦΥΤΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It refers to a tree, specifically an oak, and is related to words for 'tree' or 'wood' in other Indo-European languages.

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kho-REE-on

Translations: field, a field, piece of land, a piece of land, place, a place, region, a region, country, a country, village, a village

Notes: This word refers to a specific piece of land, a field, or a defined area. It can also denote a region, country, or even a village. It is often used to describe a plot of ground, especially one used for agriculture or as a dwelling place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΟΣ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΚΩΜΗ

Etymology: ΧΩΡΙΟΝ is a diminutive of χῶρος (chōros), meaning 'place' or 'space'. Over time, it came to specifically denote a smaller, defined area, such as a field or a village.

G1415

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dys-fo-RON

Translations: being distressed, being troubled, being impatient, being displeased, bearing with difficulty

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb δυσφορέω (dysphoreō). It describes someone who is distressed, troubled, or impatient, often in response to a difficult or burdensome situation. It implies a state of being ill at ease or finding something hard to bear. It can be used to describe someone who is vexed or annoyed by circumstances.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΧΘΟΜΑΙ, ΛΥΠΕΩ, ΣΤΕΝΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word δυσφορέω (dysphoreō) is a compound word derived from the prefix δυσ- (dys-), meaning 'bad, difficult, ill', and the verb φορέω (phoreō), meaning 'to bear, carry'. Thus, it literally means 'to bear with difficulty' or 'to carry badly'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-as-KHEIN

Translations: to provide, to grant, to give, to supply, to afford, to present

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb παρέχω (parechō), meaning 'to provide' or 'to grant'. It is used to express the action of giving or supplying something, often in a context where a benefit or resource is being made available. It can be used with a dative object indicating to whom something is provided, and an accusative object indicating what is provided.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΟΡΗΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, its original sense is 'to hold out' or 'to offer'.

G2292

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thar-SEH-in

Translations: to be courageous, to be confident, to be of good courage, to take courage, to be bold, to be cheerful

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'tharseō' (or 'tharreō'). It means to be courageous, confident, or to take heart. It is often used as an encouragement, urging someone to be brave or to not be afraid. It can be used in various contexts where one needs to show boldness or confidence.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΕΥΘΥΜΕΩ, ΤΟΛΜΑΩ

Etymology: The verb 'tharseō' comes from the noun 'tharsos' (θάρσος), meaning 'courage' or 'boldness'. It is related to 'tharrheō' (θαρρέω), which has the same meaning and is often used interchangeably.

G3888

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-ke-LEH-oo-meh-noo

Translations: exhorting, encouraging, urging, commanding, advising, counseling

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'parakeleuomai', meaning to exhort, encourage, or urge someone to do something. It implies a strong recommendation or command, often with a sense of persuasion or instruction. It can be used to describe someone who is giving advice or issuing orders.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine/Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΩ, ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word παρακελεύομαι (parakeleuomai) is a compound word formed from παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and κελεύω (keleuō), meaning 'to command' or 'to urge'. Thus, it literally means 'to command alongside' or 'to urge alongside', conveying the sense of encouraging or exhorting.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loys

Translations: to others, for others, with others, other, another

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. In this inflected form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', or 'with'. It is a common word used to distinguish one group or item from another.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἄλλος (allos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G0018

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-ga-THOYS

Translations: (to) good, (for) good, (with) good, (by) good, (to) beneficial, (for) beneficial, (with) beneficial, (by) beneficial, (to) virtuous, (for) virtuous, (with) virtuous, (by) virtuous

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'good', 'beneficial', or 'virtuous'. It can refer to things that are good in quality, morally good, or beneficial in effect. In its dative plural form, as seen here, it indicates the indirect object or means, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'with', or 'by', referring to multiple good things or people.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΙΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΙΣ

G3318

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: meh-so-po-ta-MEE-as

Translations: of Mesopotamia

Notes: This word refers to Mesopotamia, a historical region in Western Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system. It is used to indicate origin or possession, such as 'from Mesopotamia' or 'belonging to Mesopotamia'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word "Mesopotamia" is a compound word derived from the Greek words ΜΕΣΟΣ (MESOS), meaning 'middle', and ΠΟΤΑΜΟΣ (POTAMOS), meaning 'river'. Thus, it literally means 'land between the rivers'.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: HAYG-meh-non

Translations: led, brought, having been led, having been brought, having been carried, having been driven

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'agō' (to lead, bring). It describes something that has been led, brought, or carried. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate a completed action that was done to the subject. For example, it could describe 'the man who had been led' or 'having been brought, he spoke'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΠΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΩ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-SOH-meh-nohn

Translations: of those who will be, of things to come, of future things

Notes: This word is the genitive plural future participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It refers to things or people that will exist or happen in the future. It is often used substantively, meaning it functions like a noun, referring to 'those who will be' or 'the things that will come to pass'. For example, it can be used to speak of future events or future generations.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Future, Participle, Masculine, Feminine, Neuter

G1943

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-KLEE-nay

Translations: to incline, to lean, to bend, to turn, to turn aside

Notes: This word describes the action of inclining, leaning, or bending towards something or someone. It can also mean to turn or turn aside. It is often used to describe a physical posture or movement, but can also be used metaphorically to indicate a tendency or disposition towards something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΛΙΝΩ, ΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and κλίνω (klinō, 'to lean, incline').

G3392

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mee-AH-n

Translations: to defile, to pollute, to contaminate, to stain

Notes: This word describes the act of making something unclean, impure, or unholy. It can refer to physical defilement, such as staining or polluting, or to moral and spiritual defilement, such as corrupting or profaning. It is often used in a religious context to describe ritual impurity or sin.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΟΛΥΝΩ, ΡΥΠΑΙΝΩ, ΒΕΒΗΛΟΩ

Etymology: The word 'μιαίνω' (miainō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the concept of defilement and impurity.

G2324

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-rah-PAI-nee-dohn

Translations: of female servants, of maidservants, of handmaidens

Notes: This word refers to female servants or maidservants. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, meaning 'of female servants' or 'belonging to female servants'. It describes a group of women who serve in a household.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΗ, ΟΙΚΕΤΙΣ

Etymology: The word "θεράπαινα" (therapaina) is derived from "θεράπων" (therapon), meaning 'attendant' or 'servant'. The suffix -ιδων indicates a feminine plural genitive form.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or even authority, as a name often represents the person or entity itself. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive; Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. It is cognate with Latin nōmen and English name.

G1085

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GEH-nos

Translations: race, kind, family, nation, offspring, stock, a race, a kind

Notes: This word refers to a group of people or things sharing a common origin, characteristic, or lineage. It can denote a family, a nation, a race, a species, or a type. It is often used to describe a lineage or descent, such as 'the race of Israel' or 'the family of David'. It can also refer to a general category or kind of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁- meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generation' in English.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: OO-san

Translations: being, existing, that is, that exists

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be'. As a participle, it describes something that is 'being' or 'existing' at the time of the action. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively (as a noun). In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the accusative case, meaning it would be the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, referring to a feminine noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Etymology: The verb ΕἸΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nee

Translations: having become, having happened, having come to pass, being, arising, a woman having become, a thing having happened

Notes: This word is a feminine, singular, aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' or 'to be.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially. It can describe a female person or a feminine noun that has undergone the action of becoming or happening.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Singular, Feminine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G2324

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-rah-PAI-nis

Translations: female servant, maidservant, a female slave, a maid

Notes: This word refers to a female servant or a maidservant, often implying a slave. It is used to describe a woman who is in service to another, performing domestic or other duties. It can be used in various contexts to denote a woman in a subservient role.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΗ, ΟΙΚΕΤΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word θεράπων (therapōn), meaning 'attendant, servant', combined with a feminine suffix. It refers to one who serves or attends.

G1800

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-yoo-BRI-zayn

Translations: to insult, to treat with insolence, to outrage, to abuse, to act with insolence, to act with violence

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to act with insolence, to insult, or to outrage someone. It implies a deliberate and often violent display of contempt or disrespect, going beyond simple rudeness to include abusive or injurious behavior. It can be used to describe someone who treats another person with extreme disdain or who commits an act of violence or abuse against them.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΖΩ, ΕΠΗΡΕΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ

Etymology: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΚ (EK), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΥΒΡΙΖΩ (HYBRIZO), meaning 'to act with insolence' or 'to treat with violence'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of the base verb.

G0936

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: bah-see-LEE-zoo-sah

Translations: reigning, ruling, being queen, a queen

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'reigning' or 'ruling'. It describes someone who is currently acting as a ruler or queen. It is used to describe a feminine subject who is in a position of authority or royalty.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΥΣΑ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΟΥΣΑ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ (basileuō) comes from the noun ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ (basileus), meaning 'king' or 'ruler'. It describes the act of exercising the authority or function of a king.

G4026

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ris-tee-SOH-meh-nays

Translations: (of) about to happen, (of) about to come to pass, (of) about to turn around, (of) about to stand around

Notes: This word is a future middle/passive participle, indicating an action that is about to happen or come to pass. It describes something that is imminent or on the verge of occurring. It is often used to refer to events or circumstances that are about to unfold.

Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΟΥΣΗΣ, ΓΕΝΗΣΟΜΕΝΗΣ

G0090

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ai-KEE-ah

Translations: injury, an injury, outrage, an outrage, insult, an insult, abuse, an abuse, torture, a torture

Notes: This word refers to an act of injury, outrage, or abuse. It can describe physical harm, but also verbal or emotional mistreatment. It is used to denote suffering caused by another's actions, often implying a degree of violence or injustice. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb, indicating what is inflicted upon someone.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΣ, ΚΑΚΙΑ, ΒΙΑ

Etymology: The word Αἰκία (aikía) is derived from the verb αἰκίζω (aikízō), meaning 'to maltreat, to outrage'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is related to concepts of violence and ill-treatment.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-DEE-don-tos

Translations: of delivering, of betraying, of handing over, of entrusting, of giving up

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραδίδωμι', meaning 'to hand over', 'to deliver', 'to entrust', or 'to betray'. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action in relation to another part of the sentence. In this form, it indicates the one who is performing the action of delivering or betraying.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G1916

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-eh-boo-LEU-sen

Translations: plotted against, conspired against, purposed, planned, took counsel

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to plot, conspire, or plan against someone. It implies a deliberate and often malicious intent to harm or deceive. It can also simply mean to purpose or decide something. In the provided context, it clearly indicates a hostile action, such as plotting against someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΜΗΧΑΝΑΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek noun βουλή (boulē), meaning 'counsel' or 'plan', and the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against'.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BANE

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.

G2048

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-REH-moo

Translations: of the desert, of the wilderness, of a desolate place, desert, wilderness, desolate place

Notes: This word refers to a desolate, uninhabited, or solitary place, often a desert or wilderness. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'desolate' or 'empty'. In the provided context, 'ἘΡΗΜΟΥ' is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'of the desert'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ, ΕΡΗΜΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ἔρημος' (erēmos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁erh₁- meaning 'to separate, to set apart'. It describes a place that is separated or set apart from human habitation.

G0032

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ANG-geh-los

Translations: angel, a angel, messenger, a messenger

Notes: This word refers to a messenger, envoy, or one who is sent to deliver a message. In a religious context, it commonly refers to a divine messenger or an angel. It is a masculine noun and is frequently used in the New Testament to describe both human and divine agents.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΞ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From an assumed primary verb meaning 'to bring tidings'. It is related to the idea of sending or conveying a message.

G2304

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: THAY-oss

Translations: divine, godly, a divine

Notes: This word describes something as divine, godly, or pertaining to God. It is used to characterize things, persons, or actions that are considered to be of divine origin, nature, or quality. For example, it can describe a divine law, a godly person, or a divine act.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΠΡΕΠΗΣ, ΘΕΟΦΙΛΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word θεός (theos), meaning 'God'. It refers to anything that is related to or characteristic of God or a deity.

G1203

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: des-PO-tas

Translations: master, lord, owner, a master, a lord, an owner

Notes: This word refers to a master, lord, or owner, someone who holds absolute authority or control over others, such as a household head over servants, or a ruler over subjects. It emphasizes a position of power and dominion.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word Δεσπότης (despotēs) comes from Proto-Indo-European *dems-pot-, meaning 'master of the house', from *dem- 'house' and *pot- 'powerful, master'.

G0979

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BEE-oo

Translations: of life, of livelihood, of means of living, a life

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΒΙΟΣ' (bios), which refers to life, especially in the sense of one's earthly existence, way of life, or means of living. It can also refer to one's livelihood or possessions. As a genitive form, 'ΒΙΟΥ' often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of life' or 'of livelihood' depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΖΩΗΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷih₃-wo-s, meaning 'living'. It is related to the verb 'ζάω' (zaō), meaning 'to live'.

G5177

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tef-XES-thai

Translations: to obtain, to happen, to meet with, to attain, to get, to fall to one's lot

Notes: This word is the future middle/passive infinitive form of the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō). It means 'to obtain,' 'to happen,' or 'to meet with.' It is often used to express the idea of achieving or acquiring something, or of something occurring by chance or fate. As an infinitive, it functions as a verbal noun, often dependent on another verb or expressing purpose or result.

Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-neen

Translations: having become, having come to be, having happened, having occurred, having arisen, having been made, having been done

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already taken place, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb. It indicates a completed state or event, often translated with 'having been' or 'having become' followed by a past participle.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Feminine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΥΙΑΝ, ΠΕΦΥΚΥΙΑΝ

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ka-KOYS

Translations: (to) evils, (to) bad things, (to) bad people, (for) evils, (for) bad things, (for) bad people

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ΚΑΚΟΣ' (kakos), meaning 'bad', 'evil', 'harmful', or 'wicked'. In this dative plural form, it indicates the recipient or beneficiary of an action, or the means by which something is done, often translated as 'to' or 'for'. It can refer to 'bad things' or 'evil people' when used substantively.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΙΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΙΣ

G3878

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-KOO-oo-san

Translations: disobeying, hearing amiss, hearing incorrectly, neglecting to hear

Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action of 'disobeying' or 'hearing amiss'. It describes someone who is currently in the state of not listening properly or actively disregarding what is heard. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'amiss', and 'ἀκούω' (akouō), meaning 'to hear'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΕΩ, ΑΜΕΛΕΩ

G4397

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pro-SOH-teh-roh

Translations: further, farther, more forward, onward

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'further' or 'farther'. It is the comparative form of the adverb 'πρόσω' (prosō), which means 'forward' or 'onward'. It indicates a greater distance or advancement in space or time. For example, it can be used to say 'go further' or 'move farther along'.

Inflection: Comparative Adverb, Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΙ, ΠΕΡΑΙΤΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word is derived from the adverb 'πρόσω' (prosō), meaning 'forward' or 'onward', with the comparative suffix -τερω. 'Πρόσω' itself comes from the preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to, toward, with'.

G5562

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kho-ROO-san

Translations: containing, holding, holding, going, advancing, making room, having room, receiving, accepting, understanding

Notes: This word describes the action of containing, holding, or having capacity for something. It can also refer to making progress, advancing, or moving forward. In some contexts, it means to make room, to receive, or to accept something, including ideas or teachings, implying understanding or agreement. It is an inflected form of the verb 'χωρέω'.

Inflection: Present Participle, Accusative, Feminine, Singular or Plural; or Aorist Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'χωρέω' comes from 'χώρα' (chōra), meaning 'place' or 'space'. It originally meant 'to make room' or 'to give way', and later developed the sense of 'to contain' or 'to advance'.

G0622

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LEES-thai

Translations: to perish, to be destroyed, to be lost, to be ruined

Notes: This word is the passive infinitive form of the verb ἀπόλλυμι (apollumi). It describes the state of being destroyed, perishing, or being lost. It is often used to indicate a complete and utter ruin or destruction, whether of life, property, or hope. For example, one might say that a city is 'to be destroyed' or a person is 'to perish'.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΕΣΘΑΙ, ΟΛΛΥΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀπόλλυμι (apollumi) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ὄλλυμι (ollumi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to lose'.

G3569

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: nos-TAY-sa-san

Translations: having returned, having come home, a returning (one), a coming home (one)

Notes: This word is the feminine accusative singular form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'νοστέω'. It describes a female person or thing that has completed the action of returning or coming home. It is used to indicate someone who has already performed the action of returning.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ

Etymology: The verb νοστέω (nosteō) means 'to return home'. It is related to νόστος (nostos), meaning 'a return, a homecoming', from which the English word 'nostalgia' is derived.

G3694

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: O-PI-so

Translations: behind, after, back, backward, afterwards

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'behind' or 'backwards', indicating direction or position. It can also be used as a preposition, typically with the genitive case, to mean 'behind' or 'after' in terms of place or time. For example, it can refer to following someone or something, or to events that occur later.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek root *ὀπίς (opis), meaning 'back' or 'behind'.

G0936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-son-tos

Translations: of one who will reign, of one who will be king, of one who will rule

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to reign' or 'to be king'. It describes someone who is in the future going to reign or rule. As a genitive participle, it often functions like a possessive or descriptive phrase, indicating 'of the one who will reign' or 'belonging to the one who will be king'. It can also be used to indicate cause or time, such as 'because he will reign' or 'when he will reign'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Future, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΟΣ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΣΟΝΤΟΣ

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEY-theh-tai

Translations: he is persuaded, he obeys, he trusts, he yields, he submits

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be persuaded, to obey, or to trust. It describes the action of someone being convinced by another, or of submitting to authority or advice. It can also imply a sense of reliance or confidence in someone or something. It is often used in contexts where one person is influenced by or complies with another.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΕΙΚΩ

G1877

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ep-an-el-THOO-sah

Translations: having returned, having come back, having gone back

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having returned' or 'having come back'. It describes an action completed in the past, often indicating the subject's return to a previous place or state. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, again), 'ἀνά' (up, back), and 'ἔρχομαι' (to come, to go).

Inflection: Singular, Aorist, Active, Participle, Feminine, Nominative

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΚΑΜΨΑΣΑ, ὙΠΟΣΤΡΕΨΑΣΑ

G4183

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PO-loo

Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot

Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G5079

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEK-tohn

Translations: craftsman, a craftsman, builder, a builder, carpenter, a carpenter

Notes: This word refers to a craftsman, builder, or carpenter. It is used to describe someone who works with their hands, often in construction or skilled trades. In the provided examples, it appears in various inflected forms, such as 'ΤΕΚΤΟΝΟΣ' (of a craftsman) and 'ΤΕΚΤΟΝΩΝ' (of craftsmen). The form 'ΕΚΤΟΝ' is likely a misspelling or a garbled version of 'ΤΕΚΤΩΝ' or one of its inflected forms, as 'ΤΕΚΤΩΝ' is a common word in Koine Greek, while 'ΕΚΤΟΝ' is not recognized.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΟΣ, ΕΡΓΑΤΗΣ

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-go-NO-tee

Translations: (to) having become, (to) having happened, (to) having come into being, (to) having been born, (to) having been made, (to) having occurred

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' 'to be born,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed in the past and has ongoing results. In the dative case, it often indicates the recipient or indirect object of an action, or it can be used to express time ('when it had happened') or cause ('because it had happened').

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect, Active

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΩ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G4280

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: proh-ee-REE-may-nos

Translations: aforesaid, aforementioned, previously mentioned, the aforesaid, the aforementioned

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been said before' or 'previously mentioned'. It functions as an adjective, describing something or someone that has already been referred to or spoken about in the preceding text or conversation. It is used to refer back to a subject without repeating its full description.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΡΟΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΕΙΡΗΜΕΝΟΣ is derived from the verb ΠΡΟΕΡΩ (proerō), meaning 'to say beforehand' or 'to foretell'. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ΠΡΟ- (pro-), meaning 'before', and the verb ΕΡΩ (erō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'.

G1080

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-gen-NEE-thay

Translations: was born, was begotten, was produced

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'γεννάω' (gennaō). It means 'he/she/it was born' or 'he/she/it was begotten'. It describes the act of being brought into existence or being given birth to, emphasizing the recipient of the action rather than the one performing it.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Etymology: From the Greek word γένος (genos), meaning 'race, stock, family', which itself comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to produce, to beget'.

G1766

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-NAH-ton

Translations: ninth

Notes: This word is an ordinal number, meaning 'ninth'. It is used to indicate position in a sequence, similar to how 'first', 'second', or 'third' are used in English. For example, it could describe the ninth day, the ninth year, or the ninth person in a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Etymology: The word ἘΝΑΤΟΣ (enatos) comes from the cardinal number ἘΝΝΈΑ (ennea), meaning 'nine'. It is formed by adding the suffix -τος, which is commonly used to create ordinal numbers in Greek.

Part of Speech: Adjective, Numeral

Sounds like: eh-neh-NAY-koh-ston

Translations: ninetieth

Notes: This word is an ordinal numeral, meaning 'ninetieth'. It is used to indicate position in a sequence, similar to how 'first', 'second', or 'third' are used in English. For example, it could be used to refer to 'the ninetieth year' or 'the ninetieth day'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: This word is derived from the cardinal number ἐνενήκοντα (enenēkonta), meaning 'ninety'. The suffix -οστος (-ostos) is used to form ordinal numbers in Greek.

G3928

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: par-EL-thon-tee

Translations: (to) having passed by, (to) having gone by, (to) having gone past, (to) having gone through, (to) having passed away, (to) having come to an end

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παρέρχομαι', meaning 'to pass by', 'to go past', 'to go through', or 'to come to an end'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal qualities, often indicating an action that has already occurred. In the dative case, as seen here, it typically indicates the recipient or beneficiary of an action, or the person/thing to whom or for whom something is done, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G0518

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PANG-gei-len

Translations: he announced, he reported, he told, he declared, he brought word

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb ἀπαγγέλλω (apangellō). It means 'he announced,' 'he reported,' or 'he told.' It is used to describe the action of someone conveying a message or information to others, often with the sense of bringing news from one place to another. It is a compound word, combining the preposition ἀπό (apo, 'from') with the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō, 'to announce' or 'to report').

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕἸΠΕΝ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΜΗΝΥΩ

Etymology: The root verb ἀπαγγέλλω (apangellō) is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report.' Thus, the word literally means 'to announce from' or 'to report from,' emphasizing the source or origin of the message.

G3816

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAIS

Translations: child, a child, boy, a boy, girl, a girl, servant, a servant, slave, a slave

Notes: This word refers to a child, whether a boy or a girl, and can also denote a servant or slave, regardless of age. Its meaning often depends on the context, indicating a young person or someone in a position of servitude. For example, it can refer to a son or daughter, or a male or female attendant.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΚΟΡΑΣΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- ('small, few'). It is related to words meaning 'child' or 'small' in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-SOY-toh

Translations: would be, might be, should be, could be

Notes: This word is the third person singular future optative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It expresses a potential or hypothetical future state or action, often translated as 'would be' or 'might be'. It is used to convey a wish, a possibility, or a condition in a future context.

Inflection: Singular, 3rd Person, Future, Optative, Middle or Passive Voice

Etymology: The word εἰμί (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es- meaning 'to be'. It is a fundamental verb in many Indo-European languages.

G1213

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: DAY-lohn

Translations: showing, making clear, revealing, declaring, explaining, a showing, a making clear

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'δηλόω' (dēloō), meaning 'to make clear' or 'to show'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can be translated as 'showing' or 'making clear' and is used to describe someone or something that is in the process of revealing or explaining something.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩΝ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩΝ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΩΝ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.

G4170

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: po-le-MEE-san-tes

Translations: having waged war, having fought, those who waged war, those who fought

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having waged war' or 'having fought'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'those who fought').

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΕΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΑΓΩΝΙΣΑΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The verb πολεμέω (polemeō) comes from the noun πόλεμος (polemos), meaning 'war'.

G5477

Part of Speech: Adjective, Proper Noun

Sounds like: KHAH-nah-NAH-ee-ahn

Translations: Canaanite, a Canaanite, (of) Canaan, (to) Canaan

Notes: This word refers to something or someone from Canaan, the ancient land mentioned in the Bible. It can be used as an adjective to describe things related to Canaan, or as a proper noun to refer to a person from Canaan or the land itself. In the provided context, it refers to the land of Canaan.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: From Hebrew כְּנַעַן (Kənaʿan), referring to the land and its inhabitants.

G4841

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soom-FY-roh-meh-non

Translations: mixed, mingled, confused, blended

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb φύρω (phyro, meaning 'to mix' or 'to knead'). It describes something that is being mixed, mingled, or confused together. It is used to indicate a state of being blended or intermingled with something else, often implying a loss of distinctness.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΝΑΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ

G4059

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-TEM-nes-thai

Translations: to be circumcised, to circumcise oneself

Notes: This word is the present middle or passive infinitive form of the verb 'περιτέμνω' (peritemnō), meaning 'to cut around' or 'to circumcise'. In the middle voice, it means 'to circumcise oneself', and in the passive voice, 'to be circumcised'. It is often used in contexts relating to the Jewish practice of circumcision.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive, Infinitive

Etymology: From 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around', and 'τέμνω' (temnō), meaning 'to cut'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G0127

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ai-DOI-ah

Translations: private parts, genitals, shameful parts

Notes: This word refers to the private or shameful parts of the body, specifically the genitals. It is a plural form, indicating multiple such parts or a general reference to them. It is often used in a context that implies modesty or a sense of shame associated with these body parts.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑἸΔΩΣ, ΑἸΣΧΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word ΑἸΔΟΙΟΝ (aidoion) is derived from the Greek word αἰδώς (aidōs), meaning 'shame', 'modesty', or 'reverence'. It literally means 'that which causes shame or modesty', referring to the parts of the body that are considered private and should be covered.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-in

Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.

G1080

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: gen-nee-THEE-nai

Translations: to be born, to be begotten, to be produced

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive of the verb 'γεννάω' (gennaō), meaning 'to be born' or 'to be begotten'. It describes the action of coming into existence or being brought forth, often referring to physical birth or spiritual regeneration. It is used to express the state of being born or generated by someone or something.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΦΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word γεννάω (gennaō) comes from the Greek root γένος (genos), meaning 'race, stock, kin'. It is related to the concept of origin and lineage.

G4061

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: peh-ree-toh-MACE

Translations: of circumcision, a circumcision

Notes: This word refers to the act of circumcision, a religious or cultural practice involving the removal of the foreskin. It can also refer to the state of being circumcised. In a broader sense, it can be used metaphorically to describe a spiritual cutting away or purification.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΚΡΟΒΥΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek περιτέμνω (peritemnō, “to cut around”), from περί (perí, “around”) + τέμνω (témnō, “to cut”).

G1213

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: day-LOH-soh

Translations: I will show, I will make clear, I will declare, I will reveal, I will make known

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to make something clear, evident, or known. It is used to express the action of revealing, explaining, or demonstrating something to someone. In this specific form, it indicates a future action, meaning 'I will show' or 'I will make clear'.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣΩ, ΓΝΩΡΙΣΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΨΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΗΛΟΩ comes from the adjective ΔΗΛΟΣ (DELOS), meaning 'visible' or 'clear'. It signifies the act of making something visible or clear.

G4441

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: poo-THOH-me-noh

Translations: having learned, having inquired, having heard, having ascertained, having understood, having been informed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πυνθάνομαι', meaning 'to learn by inquiry', 'to ascertain', or 'to hear'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and is often translated as 'having learned' or 'having inquired'. It functions adjectivally or adverbially, modifying a noun or verb in the sentence, indicating the state or action of the subject after gaining knowledge.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine or Neuter, Dative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΣΑΣ, ΜΑΘΩΝ, ΕΠΙΓΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The verb 'πυνθάνομαι' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to ask, to inquire'. It is related to words signifying 'to learn' or 'to find out' through questioning or investigation.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-ly-KHRO-nee-on

Translations: long-lived, of long duration, ancient, of many years

Notes: This is a compound adjective formed from 'πολύς' (many) and 'χρόνος' (time). It describes something or someone that has existed for a long time, is long-lived, or is of great age. It can be used to describe a person, an object, or a period of time.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΙΩΝΙΟΣ, ΜΑΚΡΟΒΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek words 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'many' or 'much', and 'χρόνος' (chronos), meaning 'time'.

G4591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-SEE-mah-ee-nen

Translations: he was signifying, he was indicating, he was declaring, he was making known

Notes: This is a verb meaning "to signify," "to indicate," "to declare," or "to make known." It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning "from" or "away from," and the verb σημαίνω (sēmainō), meaning "to show" or "to give a sign." In this form, it describes an ongoing action in the past, indicating that someone was in the process of signifying or making something known.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΩ

G3916

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-ra-KHRAY-ma

Translations: immediately, at once, forthwith, straightway, instantly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'immediately' or 'at once'. It emphasizes the suddenness or instantaneous nature of an action, indicating that something happens without delay. It is often used to describe events that occur right after something else.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'by', and χρῆμα (chrēma), meaning 'thing' or 'matter', which in this context refers to 'the present moment'. The combination conveys the sense of 'right by the thing/moment', hence 'immediately'.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

Part of Speech: Ordinal Numeral, Adjective

Sounds like: trees-keh-DEH-kah-ton

Translations: thirteenth, a thirteenth

Notes: This word is an ordinal numeral meaning 'thirteenth'. It is used to indicate the position in a sequence, similar to how 'first' or 'second' are used in English. It can modify a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case, or it can stand alone as a substantive.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is a compound formed from 'ΤΡΙΣ' (TRIS, meaning 'thrice' or 'three times'), 'ΚΑΙ' (KAI, meaning 'and'), and 'ΔΕΚΑ' (DEKA, meaning 'ten'), combined with the ordinal suffix '-ΤΟΝ'. It literally means 'three and ten', forming 'thirteen', and then the ordinal suffix makes it 'thirteenth'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EH-khon-tos

Translations: of having, of possessing, of holding, of being, of having a, of possessing a, of holding a, of being a

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or being. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or a characteristic of something, similar to 'of one who has' or 'of that which has'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΟΣ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G1236