Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Josephus' Antiquities of the Jews / Book 1 / Chapter 15
Book 1, Chapter 15
Interlinear version from Josephus' Antiquities of the Jews (Beta)
G1060
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ga-MEH-ee
Translations: marries, is marrying, takes a wife, is taking a wife
Notes: This word means 'to marry' or 'to take a wife'. It is used to describe the act of entering into marriage, typically from the perspective of the male. It can be used in sentences like 'He marries her' or 'He is taking a wife'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Etymology: From γάμος (gamos), meaning 'marriage'.
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: Delta, four, 4
Notes: Δ (Delta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number four. It is also used as a symbol in various contexts, including mathematics and science, though its primary function in Koine Greek texts is as a letter or a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Delta is derived from the Phoenician letter Dalet, which means 'door'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOS
Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very
Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-too-RAHN
Translations: to urinate upon, to urinate down, to piss on
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'κατα-' (down, upon) and 'οὐρέω' (to urinate). It means to urinate upon or down on something or someone. It is used to describe the act of urinating with a downward or covering motion.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΟΥΡΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΟΥΡΕΩ is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'upon', and the verb οὐρέω (oureō), meaning 'to urinate'.
G5306
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: HOO-steh-ron
Translations: later, afterward, last, finally, the latter, the end, a later time, the later
Notes: This word indicates a point in time that comes after another, or something that is last in a sequence. It can function as an adverb meaning 'later' or 'afterward', or as an adjective/noun meaning 'the last' or 'the latter part'. It is often used to refer to a subsequent event or a final outcome.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (when functioning as a noun/adjective), Adverbial
Synonyms: ΟΨΕ, ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΤΕΛΟΣ
Etymology: From the comparative form of the adverb 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', indicating a position or time that is subsequent or inferior.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ex
Translations: out of, from, of, by, with
Notes: ἘΞ is a preposition that signifies origin, separation, or source. It always governs the genitive case. It can denote movement 'out of' a place, 'from' a point in time or a source, 'of' a material or composition, or 'by' an agent. It often implies a complete separation or a clear point of departure.
Inflection: Does not inflect; always takes the genitive case.
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin ex and English out.
G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: HAYS
Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what
Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G3816
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PAI-des
Translations: children, boys, servants, slaves, attendants, young men
Notes: This word refers to children, particularly boys, or young people in general. It can also denote servants, slaves, or attendants, especially those who are young. Its meaning often depends on the context, ranging from literal offspring to individuals in a subordinate role.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ, ΔΟΥΛΟΙ, ΥΙΟΙ
G1537, G1803
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: eks
Translations: out of, from, by, of, six
Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ
Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: GHEE-non-tai
Translations: they become, they happen, they come to pass, they are, they arise, they are made
Notes: This is a common verb meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a process of change or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or transitioning into a new state. It can also simply mean 'to be' in certain contexts, especially when referring to events or situations.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΦΥΟΜΑΙ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G3449
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-noos
Translations: toil, labor, pain, suffering, distress, toils, labors, pains, sufferings, distresses
Notes: This word refers to physical or mental exertion, often implying hardship, fatigue, or suffering. It can describe the effort involved in work or the pain experienced as a result of it. It is used in sentences to denote the difficulties or afflictions one might endure.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΟΠΟΣ, ΟΔΥΝΗ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ
Etymology: The word πόνος (ponos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pen- meaning 'to toil, to work'. It is related to the Latin poena ('punishment, penalty') and English 'pain'.
G2900
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kar-teh-ROI
Translations: strong, mighty, powerful, steadfast, firm, patient, enduring
Notes: This word describes something or someone as strong, mighty, or powerful. It can also refer to someone who is steadfast, firm, or patient in enduring difficulties. It is often used to describe physical strength, but can also refer to strength of character or resolve.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΣΤΕΡΕΟΣ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G1169
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: DEI-noi
Translations: terrible, dreadful, fearful, mighty, clever, skillful, formidable
Notes: This word describes something that causes fear, awe, or respect due to its power, intensity, or skill. It can refer to things that are dreadful or dangerous, but also to individuals who are remarkably clever, skillful, or mighty. It is often used to describe formidable opponents or challenging situations.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ
G4920
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-ee-EH-nai
Translations: to understand, to comprehend, to perceive, to discern, to grasp
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (together with) and the verb ἵημι (to send, to throw). It means to bring things together in one's mind, leading to understanding or comprehension. It is used to describe the act of mentally grasping a concept or situation.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΝΟΕΩ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: zem-BRAH-nees
Translations: Zembranes
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a personal name. It is not a common word found in standard Koine Greek lexicons or texts. Its meaning is simply the name itself, referring to a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: This word is likely a foreign proper name transliterated into Greek, and its specific etymology is not readily available within Greek linguistic sources.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ah-ZAH-rays
Translations: Iazares
Notes: This word is a proper noun, likely referring to a personal name. It would be used in a sentence to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The etymology of this specific name is not readily available in standard Koine Greek lexicons. It appears to be a foreign name transliterated into Greek.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: mah-DAH-nees
Translations: Madanis
Notes: This word is a proper noun, likely referring to a personal name. Proper nouns do not typically inflect in the same way as common nouns, but their case can change depending on their function in a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The etymology of this specific proper name is not readily available in standard Koine Greek lexicons. It appears to be a personal name of unknown origin.
G3101
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: mah-dee-AH-nays
Translations: of Midian
Notes: This is the genitive form of Midian, referring to the biblical figure Midian, a son of Abraham and Keturah, or to the land and people descended from him. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the land of Midian' or 'the people of Midian'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: LOO-soo-VAH-koss
Translations: unknown
Notes: This word, "ΛΟΥΣΟΥΒΑΚΟΣ", does not appear to be a recognized word in Koine Greek or classical Greek lexicons. It is highly probable that it is a misspelling, a garbled word, or a proper noun from a non-Greek origin that has been transliterated. Without further context or clarification, its meaning and usage are entirely unknown.
Inflection: Unknown
Etymology: The etymology of "ΛΟΥΣΟΥΒΑΚΟΣ" is unknown, as it does not appear to be a standard Greek word.
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: SOO-os
Translations: unknown
Notes: It is not clear what this word means. It is highly probable that 'ΣΟΥΟΣ' is a misspelling or a garbled form of another word, or perhaps a transliteration of a foreign name or term. It does not appear to be a standard Koine Greek word. Without further context or correction, its meaning and usage are unknown.
Inflection: Unknown
Etymology: The etymology of 'ΣΟΥΟΣ' is unknown, as it does not appear to be a recognized word in Koine Greek.
G5453
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FYOO-on-tai
Translations: they grow, they are produced, they spring up, they are born
Notes: This word describes the process of something coming into being, growing, or sprouting. It is often used for plants or for the birth or emergence of living beings. In a sentence, it would indicate that a group of things or people are growing or being produced.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΒΛΑΣΤΑΝΩ
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G5124
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toys
Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: SOO-oo
Translations: unknown
Notes: This word does not appear to be a standard Koine Greek word. It is highly likely a misspelling or a garbled form of another word. Without further context or correction, its meaning cannot be determined.
Inflection: Unknown
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sah-bah-KEE-nays
Translations: Sabakines
Notes: This word is a proper noun, likely a personal name. It refers to an individual named Sabakines. Proper nouns like this are used to identify specific people, places, or things and do not typically change form based on grammatical case or number in the same way common nouns do.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The etymology of 'Sabakines' is not well-documented in standard Greek lexicons. It appears to be a foreign name, possibly of Egyptian or other Near Eastern origin, transliterated into Greek.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: GHI-neh-tai
Translations: becomes, happens, is, is born, comes into being, takes place, arises
Notes: This verb is very common and versatile, meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to be born,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or changing its state. It can be used in various contexts to describe events, transformations, or the origin of something.
Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: dah-DAH-nees
Translations: Dadanis
Notes: This word is a proper noun, likely referring to a personal name. It appears to be a transliteration of a foreign name into Greek. In the provided context, it seems to be part of a list of names or a genealogical reference.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The etymology of this specific name is not readily available in Greek sources, suggesting it may be a foreign name adopted into Greek.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-too
Translations: of this, of him, of it
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun 'this' or 'he/she/it'. It indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of this' or 'of him/it', and is used to point out something specific that has already been mentioned or is understood from context.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: lah-TOO-see-mos
Translations: Latousimos
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a personal name or a place name, possibly transliterated from another language into Koine Greek. It is not a common word found in standard Koine Greek lexicons or biblical texts. Its exact meaning or origin within a Greek context is unclear without further specific historical or geographical information.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The etymology of 'ΛΑΤΟΥΣΙΜΟΣ' is unknown. It does not appear to be derived from common Greek roots and is likely a transliteration of a foreign name or term.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-SOO-rees
Translations: Assyris
Notes: This word is a proper noun, likely referring to a person or a place name. It is a transliteration of a foreign name into Greek. It does not change its meaning based on context, as proper nouns typically refer to specific entities.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is a proper noun, likely of foreign origin, possibly Semitic, transliterated into Koine Greek. It refers to a specific individual or place.
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: LOO-oo-ris
Translations: unknown
Notes: This word, "ΛΟΥΟΥΡΙΣ" (Lououris), does not appear to be a recognized word in Koine Greek or classical Greek lexicons. It is highly probable that this is a misspelling, a garbled word, or a proper noun from a non-Greek origin that has been transliterated poorly. Without further context or correction, its meaning and usage are unclear.
Inflection: Unknown
Etymology: Cannot find any information about the origin or development of this word, as it does not appear to be a recognized Greek term.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: mah-DAH-noo
Translations: Madanou
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a name of a person or a place. It is not a common word found in standard Koine Greek lexicons, suggesting it could be a rare name, a transliteration from another language, or possibly a misspelling. Without further context, its exact meaning or referent is uncertain.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The etymology of this word is unknown, as it does not appear to be a standard Koine Greek term.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: HEH-phas
Translations: Hephas, Iaphas
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a personal name. It is not a common word found in standard Koine Greek lexicons or biblical texts. It could be a transliteration of a foreign name or a less common variant of a known name. Given the context provided, it seems to function as part of a list of names.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The etymology of this specific form is unclear, as it is not a standard Greek word. It may be a transliteration of a foreign name or a unique proper noun.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: eh-OH-fren
Translations: Eophren
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a personal name. It is not found in standard Koine Greek lexicons or biblical texts, suggesting it may be a less common name or a name from a specific historical or literary context outside of the typical Koine corpus. It functions as a name within a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The etymology of Eophren is not readily available in standard Greek linguistic resources. It does not appear to be a common Greek name with a clear derivation from known Greek roots.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-NOH-khos
Translations: Anokhos
Notes: This word is a proper noun, likely a personal name. It refers to an individual named Anokhos. Proper nouns do not typically inflect in the same way as common nouns, but their case can change depending on their role in a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The etymology of this specific proper noun is not readily available in standard Koine Greek lexicons. It appears to be a personal name of unknown origin.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: EH-bee-das
Translations: Ebidas
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a personal name or a place name, possibly of foreign origin transliterated into Greek. It is not a common word found in standard Koine Greek lexicons, suggesting it could be a very rare name, a specific historical or geographical reference, or potentially a misspelling or variant of another name. Without further context, its precise meaning beyond being a name is unclear.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The etymology of 'ἘΒΙΔΑΣ' is unknown. It does not appear to be derived from common Greek roots and is likely a transliteration of a foreign name.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: EL-das
Translations: Eldas
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a personal name. It is not a common word found in standard Koine Greek lexicons or biblical texts, suggesting it might be a less common name, a variant spelling, or specific to a particular text or tradition. Its exact meaning or origin within a Greek context is not readily apparent.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The etymology of 'ἘΛΔΑΣ' is uncertain. It does not appear to have a clear Greek root and may be of foreign origin, possibly Semitic or another language, transliterated into Greek.
G0537
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AH-pah-see
Translations: all, every, whole, (to) all, (to) every, (to) whole
Notes: ΑΠΑΣΙ is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is a compound word formed from the intensifying prefix 'α-' and the word 'πας' (all). It is used to emphasize the totality or completeness of something, often referring to a group of people or things. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating 'to all' or 'for all'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΕΣ, ΟΛΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G3816
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PAI-see
Translations: (to) children, (to) servants, (to) boys
Notes: This word refers to a child, a boy, or a servant. It is a versatile noun that can denote someone young in age or someone in a position of service or dependence. In the provided context, it is used in the dative plural, indicating the recipients of an action.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ, ΔΟΥΛΟΙ, ΥΙΟΙ
Etymology: The word 'παῖς' (pais) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small, little, child'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages referring to children or young people.
G5218
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hee-oh-NOYS
Translations: grandchildren, descendants, children, offspring
Notes: This word refers to grandchildren or descendants, emphasizing the lineage that comes after one's immediate children. It can also be used more broadly to mean offspring or children in a general sense, especially when referring to a group of descendants. It is a compound word, combining 'son' (υἱός) and a suffix indicating 'belonging to' or 'descended from'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΚΓΟΝΟΙ, ΑΠΟΓΟΝΟΙ
Etymology: From the Greek word υἱός (huios), meaning 'son', combined with a suffix indicating descent or belonging. It refers to those who are 'of the son' or 'descended from'.
G0008
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: AH-brah-mos
Translations: Abram
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Abram, the original name of the patriarch later known as Abraham in the Old Testament. It is used to identify him as a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew אברם ('Avram), meaning 'exalted father'.
G0589
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-poy-KEE-ohn
Translations: of colonies, of settlements, of migrations
Notes: This word refers to colonies, settlements, or the act of migration. It is used in the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, often translated with 'of'. For example, it could describe the resources 'of colonies' or the people 'of settlements'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΑ, ΜΕΤΟΙΚΙΑ
G4749
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STO-loos
Translations: fleets, armies, expeditions, equipment, garments, robes
Notes: This word refers to an array, equipment, or a fleet of ships. It can also refer to a garment or robe, particularly one that is long and flowing. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a prepared or ordered arrangement of things or people.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΠΛΟΙΩΝ
Etymology: From the verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to arrange, prepare, send'. It originally referred to an arrangement or equipment, and later extended to a fleet or an army.
G3189
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-kha-NAH-tai
Translations: devises, contrives, plans, invents, plots, schemes
Notes: This verb means to devise, contrive, or plan, often with the implication of skill, ingenuity, or even cunning. It describes the act of creating or figuring out a way to do something, whether for good or ill. It can be used in contexts where someone is planning an expedition, inventing a device, or plotting against an enemy.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΤΕΧΝΑΖΩ, ΕΠΙΝΟΕΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tro-glo-DY-tin
Translations: troglodyte, a troglodyte, cave-dweller, a cave-dweller
Notes: This word refers to a cave-dweller or someone who lives in holes. It is a compound word formed from 'τρώγλη' (trogle), meaning 'hole' or 'cave', and 'δύτης' (dytes), meaning 'one who enters' or 'one who dives'. It describes a person or creature that inhabits caves or similar subterranean dwellings.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΠΗΛΑΙΩΤΗΣ, ΟΡΥΚΤΗΣ
G2638
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-lam-BAH-noo-see
Translations: they overtake, they seize, they grasp, they apprehend, they comprehend, they find
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambano, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take hold of something, often implying an action of seizing, overtaking, or comprehending. It can refer to physically catching up with someone or something, or mentally grasping a concept or idea. In some contexts, it can also mean to find or discover.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G2145
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-DAI-moh-nos
Translations: of happy, of prosperous, of blessed, of fortunate
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is in a state of well-being, happiness, or prosperity. It refers to a condition of being truly blessed or fortunate, often implying a state of flourishing or thriving.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΑΚΑΡΙΟΣ, ΟΛΒΙΟΣ, ΕΥΤΥΧΗΣ
G0688
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-rah-BEE-ahs
Translations: (of) Arabia
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the geographical region of Arabia, located to the east and south of ancient Israel. It is used to indicate origin or possession, such as 'the wolves of Arabia'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From Hebrew 'Arab', meaning 'desert' or 'steppe'. It refers to the Arabian Peninsula.
G3745
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-son
Translations: as much as, as many as, as great as, how much, how many, how great, as far as, as long as, as soon as, as
Notes: This word is a relative adjective or pronominal adjective, meaning 'as much as' or 'as many as'. It is often used to indicate quantity, extent, or degree. When used as an adverb, it can mean 'as far as', 'as long as', or 'as soon as'. It can introduce a clause that specifies a measure or comparison. For example, 'as much as you want' or 'as many people as there are'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΠΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun *ho* (the) and the suffix -sos, indicating quantity or measure. It is related to ὅς (hos, 'who, which') and τοσοῦτος (tosoutos, 'so great, so much').
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G2066
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-roo-THRAN
Translations: red
Notes: This word means 'red' and is an adjective used to describe something that has the color red. It is frequently used in the Septuagint and New Testament to refer to the 'Red Sea' (Ἐρυθρὰ Θάλασσα).
Inflection: Feminine, Accusative, Singular
G2520
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ka-THEE-kee
Translations: it is proper, it is fitting, it is right, it is due, it is appropriate
Notes: This word means 'it is proper' or 'it is fitting'. It is an impersonal verb, meaning it is typically used in the third person singular and refers to what is appropriate or due. It describes what ought to be done or what is suitable in a given situation.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular, Impersonal
Synonyms: ΠΡΕΠΕΙ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ
Etymology: The word καθήκω (kathēkō) is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and the verb ἥκω (hēkō), meaning 'to have come' or 'to have arrived'. Together, they convey the sense of something having come down to a proper or fitting state.
G2281
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tha-LAS-san
Translations: sea, a sea
Notes: This word refers to a large body of salt water, such as an ocean or a large lake. It is commonly used to describe the sea as a physical location or as a powerful natural force. In sentences, it often appears as the direct object of a verb, indicating something done to or with the sea.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΩΚΕΑΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'thalassa' is of pre-Greek, Mediterranean origin, likely borrowed into Greek from an earlier language spoken in the Aegean region. It is not derived from Proto-Indo-European roots.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-geh-tai
Translations: it is said, it is spoken, it is told, he is said, she is said, it is called
Notes: This word is the third person singular, present indicative, passive form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. Therefore, 'λέγεται' translates to 'it is said' or 'it is spoken'. It indicates that something is being stated or reported by an unspecified agent, or that someone/something is being referred to or called by a certain name.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕΡΩ
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: OO-tos
Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G4754
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: strah-TEV-sas
Translations: having campaigned, having served as a soldier, having gone to war, having made war
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to campaign' or 'to serve as a soldier'. It describes an action that has already been completed by the subject. It is often used to indicate that someone has undertaken a military expedition or engaged in warfare.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΕΩ, ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word στρατεύω (strateuō) comes from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encampment'.
G3013
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: LI-by-ayn
Translations: Libya
Notes: This word refers to Libya, a country in North Africa. It is used to denote the geographical region or the people inhabiting it. In ancient contexts, 'Libya' often referred to a broader area of North Africa west of Egypt.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'Libya' is of ancient origin, likely derived from an indigenous name for the region or its inhabitants. It was known to the ancient Greeks and Romans.
G2722
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-TES-khen
Translations: held, he held, she held, it held, took possession of, he took possession of, she took possession of, it took possession of, restrained, he restrained, she restrained, it restrained, occupied, he occupied, she occupied, it occupied, possessed, he possessed, she possessed, it possessed, retained, he retained, she retained, it retained, seized, he seized, she seized, it seized
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'κατέχω' (katechō). It means 'he/she/it held,' 'took possession of,' 'restrained,' 'occupied,' 'possessed,' 'retained,' or 'seized.' It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed. It can be used in various contexts, such as holding onto something, taking control of a place, or restraining someone.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
Etymology: The word 'κατέχω' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against,' and the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold.' The combination implies holding down, holding fast, or holding against something.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TEEN
Translations: her, it, herself
Notes: This is a third-person personal pronoun, specifically the feminine, singular, accusative form of 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It is used to refer to a feminine noun that is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. It can be translated as 'her' or 'it' (when referring to a feminine object), and sometimes reflexively as 'herself' or 'itself'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G5218
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: Hwee-OH-noy
Translations: grandchildren, descendants, posterity
Notes: This word refers to one's grandchildren or, more broadly, to one's descendants or posterity. It is used to denote the offspring of one's children, extending the family line. In a sentence, it would typically be used to refer to a group of people who are the descendants of a particular individual or family.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΚΓΟΝΟΙ, ΑΠΟΓΟΝΟΙ
Etymology: The word ΥΙΩΝΟΣ (huiōnos) is derived from the Greek word υἱός (huios), meaning 'son'. It literally means 'son's son' or 'descendant'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G2730
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: kah-toy-KEE-san-tes
Translations: having dwelt, having inhabited, having settled, having resided
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'katoikeō', meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of dwelling or settling in a place.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΩ, ΕΝΟΙΚΕΩ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TEH
Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves
Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter
Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.
G1093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GAYN
Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region
Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAY-noo
Translations: of that, of that one, of him, of it, that one's, his
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of that', 'of that one', 'of him', or 'of it'. It can refer to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, distinguishing it from something closer or more immediate.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ' is derived from the demonstrative particle 'ἘΚΕῖ' (there), indicating distance. It points to something or someone far off or distinct from the speaker and listener.
G3686
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-NO-ma-tos
Translations: of name, of a name, of reputation, of character
Notes: This word refers to a name, a reputation, or a character. It is often used to denote the authority or person of someone, especially God or Christ. For example, it can be used in phrases like 'in the name of' to signify acting under someone's authority or representing them.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ, ΔΟΞΑ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-FREE-kah
Translations: Africa
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the continent of Africa. It is used to denote the geographical region or landmass. It is a loanword from Latin.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'ἈΦΡΙΚΑ' is a direct transliteration of the Latin word 'Africa', which itself is of uncertain origin but likely referred initially to a region in North Africa, possibly related to the Afer people or the Phoenician word 'afar' (dust).
G4377
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-ay-go-REH-oo-san
Translations: they addressed, they saluted, they named, they called
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to address', 'to salute', 'to name', or 'to call'. It is used to describe the act of speaking to someone, greeting them, or giving them a name or title. It is often used in contexts where someone is formally addressed or given a designation.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΩΝΕΩ
G3140
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mar-too-REH-ee
Translations: bears witness, testifies, gives evidence, confirms, attests
Notes: This verb means to bear witness, to testify, or to give evidence. It is used to describe someone who provides a statement or confirms a fact, often based on personal knowledge or experience. It can also mean to confirm or attest to something. For example, 'He testifies to the truth' or 'The evidence confirms his story.'
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LO-go
Translations: (to) word, (to) reason, (to) account, (to) saying, (to) message, (to) speech, (to) matter, (to) thing, by word, by reason, by account, by saying, by message, by speech, by matter, by thing
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' (logos). 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' is a fundamental term in Greek, meaning 'word,' 'reason,' 'account,' 'speech,' or 'message.' In its dative form 'ΛΟΓΩ,' it often indicates the indirect object of an action, the means or instrument by which something is done, or the cause or reason for something. It can be translated with prepositions like 'to,' 'for,' 'by,' or 'with,' depending on the context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ
G220
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-dros
Translations: Alexander
Notes: This is a common Greek proper name, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It refers to various historical figures, most notably Alexander the Great, the king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. It is used as a subject in sentences, indicating the person performing an action.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Alexandros' is derived from the Greek verb ἀλέξω (alexō), meaning 'to ward off, to defend, to help', and ἀνήρ (anēr), meaning 'man' (genitive ἀνδρός, andros). Thus, it means 'defender of mankind'.
G4181, G2478
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: po-LY-is-tor
Translations: very learned, very experienced, very knowledgeable, a very learned person, a very experienced person, a very knowledgeable person
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many', and 'ἵστωρ' (histor), meaning 'knowing' or 'learned'. It describes someone who is very learned, knowledgeable, or experienced, often in a wide range of subjects. It can be used to refer to a person who is a great scholar or historian.
Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΜΑΘΗΣ, ΠΟΛΥΓΝΩΜΩΝ
Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek terms: 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much, many', and 'ἵστωρ' (histor), meaning 'knowing, learned, expert'. The latter term is related to 'οἶδα' (oida), 'to know'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GOHN
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: kleh-OH-dee-moss
Translations: Cleodemus
Notes: Cleodemus is a masculine proper noun, referring to a specific individual. It is a compound name derived from two Greek words. In ancient texts, it would be used as the name of a person, similar to how names are used in English sentences.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Κλεόδημος (Kleodēmos) is a compound of two Greek elements: κλέος (kleos), meaning 'glory' or 'fame', and δῆμος (dēmos), meaning 'people' or 'district'. Thus, the name means 'glory of the people' or 'fame of the people'.
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PHAY-sin
Translations: he says, she says, it says, he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is a common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone else has said or to introduce a direct quote. It can be translated as 'he says', 'she says', or 'it says', and often implies 'he/she/it said' in narrative contexts.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΗΜΙ (phēmi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak' or 'to show'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of speaking or declaring.
G4396
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-FEE-tays
Translations: prophet, a prophet
Notes: A prophet is a person who speaks for God, often delivering divine messages, interpreting God's will, or foretelling future events. They are seen as inspired by God to communicate His word to humanity.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΙΣ, ΘΕΟΠΝΕΥΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek προφήτης (prophḗtēs), from πρό (pró, “before”) + φημί (phēmí, “to speak”). It literally means 'one who speaks forth' or 'one who speaks for'.
G3121
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: MAL-khos
Translations: Malchus
Notes: Malchus is a proper noun, referring to a male personal name. In the New Testament, it is the name of the high priest's servant whose ear Peter cut off during Jesus' arrest in the Garden of Gethsemane.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative
Etymology: The name Malchus is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word 'melek' (מֶלֶךְ), meaning 'king' or 'counselor'. It was a common name in the ancient Near East.
G2478
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: iss-TO-ron
Translations: inquiring, investigating, learning by inquiry, knowing by inquiry, visiting, describing, narrating, relating
Notes: ΙΣΤΟΡΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb ΙΣΤΟΡΕΩ. It describes someone who is in the process of inquiring, investigating, or learning through personal research or observation. It can also mean to describe or narrate something based on such inquiry. It is used to indicate an ongoing action of seeking knowledge or recounting facts.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΕΡΕΥΝΑΩ, ΕΞΕΤΑΖΩ, ΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-ohn
Translations: of Jews, of the Jews
Notes: This word refers to people from Judea or those who are adherents of Judaism. It is a plural noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Jews' or 'belonging to Jews'. It can be used to describe the people, their customs, or their land.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
G2531
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: KAH-thohss
Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').
G3475
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: moy-SEES
Translations: Moses
Notes: This is the name of Moses, the great prophet and lawgiver of ancient Israel. In the Bible, he is known for leading the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt and for receiving the Ten Commandments from God on Mount Sinai. It is used as a direct subject in sentences, referring to the person.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew מֹשֶׁה (Moshe), possibly meaning "drawn out" (from water).
G2478
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: his-TO-ray-sen
Translations: inquired, investigated, learned, knew, recorded, wrote, narrated, related
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to inquire, investigate, learn, or know through inquiry. It can also mean to record, write, narrate, or relate something based on one's findings or knowledge. It describes the act of gaining information and then potentially sharing it.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
G3550
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: noh-moh-THEH-tays
Translations: lawgiver, a lawgiver
Notes: This word refers to someone who establishes or enacts laws. It can describe a person who creates a legal system or a divine being who gives commandments. It is typically used in a nominative case to identify the subject as the lawgiver.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΔΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: This is a compound word derived from two Greek words: ΝΟΜΟΣ (NOMOS), meaning 'law', and ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (TITHĒMI), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. Thus, it literally means 'one who places or sets laws'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ka-too-RAS
Translations: urination, a urination, urine
Notes: This word refers to the act of urinating or the urine itself. It is derived from the verb 'κατουρέω' (katoureō), meaning 'to urinate'. It describes the bodily function of expelling urine.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G0008
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: AH-brah-MOH
Translations: (to) Abram
Notes: This is the name Abram, the patriarch mentioned in the Old Testament, in the dative case. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action, meaning 'to Abram' or 'for Abram'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GEH-non-toh
Translations: they became, they were, they came to be, they happened, they arose
Notes: This word is a past tense form of the verb 'to become' or 'to be'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating a change of state, an event happening, or the coming into existence of something. It is often used to describe what happened or what came about.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΕΝΝΑΩ
Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar concepts of becoming or originating.
G2425
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ee-kah-NOY
Translations: sufficient, enough, able, competent, worthy, many, considerable
Notes: This word describes something as being sufficient, adequate, or enough for a particular purpose or task. It can also refer to a considerable number or amount of something, or to people who are capable or competent. It is often used to indicate that someone or something meets a required standard or quantity.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΡΚΕΤΟΣ, ΕΞΑΡΚΗΣ
Etymology: From the verb ἱκάνω (hikanō), meaning 'to reach, arrive, suffice'. It is related to ἵκω (hikō), 'to come, arrive'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-ghei
Translations: says, speaks, he says, he speaks, she says, she speaks, it says, it speaks
Notes: This is a common Koine Greek verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is frequently used to introduce direct quotes or to state what someone (or something) is declaring. It is often translated as 'he says' or 'the Lord says' in biblical contexts.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G3686
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-NO-ma-ta
Translations: names, a name
Notes: This word refers to a name, a designation, or a reputation. It is used to identify individuals, places, or concepts. In a broader sense, it can also signify character, authority, or renown. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'They wrote down the names' or 'His name was great among the people.'
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΠΩΝΥΜΙΑ, ΚΛΗΣΙΣ
G3687
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: oh-no-MAH-zohn
Translations: naming, calling, mentioning, to name, to call, to mention
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'onomazō', meaning 'to name' or 'to call by name'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can be translated as 'naming', 'calling', or 'mentioning', and often implies the act of invoking or referring to someone or something by their name.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G5140
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: TREES
Translations: three
Notes: ΤΡΕΙΣ is the cardinal number 'three'. It is used to denote a quantity of three units. As a declinable numeral, its form changes according to the gender and case of the noun it modifies. This specific form, ΤΡΕΙΣ, is used for masculine and feminine nouns in the nominative and accusative plural cases.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'three'.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ah-feh-RAN
Translations: Iaferan
Notes: This is a proper noun, likely a personal name. It appears in ancient texts, often alongside other names, suggesting it refers to an individual or a specific entity. Its exact meaning or origin within Koine Greek is not widely documented, but it functions as a unique identifier.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The etymology of this specific name is not clearly documented in standard Koine Greek lexicons. It may be a transliteration of a foreign name or a variant of another known name.
G4947
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: soo-REEN
Translations: Syria, Syrian
Notes: This word refers to Syria, a country in the Middle East. It is used to denote the land itself or something pertaining to it, such as a person from Syria. In this form, it is an inflected form of the proper noun 'Syria'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'Syria' (Συρία) is derived from the Aramaic name for the region, which was known as 'Aram' or 'Aramea'. The Greek form likely came into use through contact with the Assyrians, who also referred to the region.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-AH-fran
Translations: Iaphran
Notes: Iaphran is a proper noun, likely referring to a person or a place. In the provided context, it appears alongside other names, suggesting it is the name of an individual. Proper nouns are used to identify specific entities and do not typically inflect for case or gender in the same way common nouns do, though they may have different forms depending on the source language or transliteration.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The etymology of 'Iaphran' is not readily available in standard Koine Greek lexicons, as it appears to be a transliteration of a foreign name, possibly Semitic in origin. It is likely derived from a non-Greek source.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: soo-ROO
Translations: Sourou, Suru
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely referring to a place or a person, possibly a variant or a genitive form of 'Soura' or 'Sura'. In the provided context, it seems to refer to a geographical location, specifically related to Assyria. It is not a common Koine Greek word found in standard lexicons, suggesting it might be a transliteration of a foreign name or a less common geographical reference.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive
Etymology: The etymology of 'Sourou' is uncertain as it is likely a transliteration of a foreign place name, possibly Semitic in origin, rather than a word derived from Greek roots. It may be related to 'Suru' or 'Sura', which are ancient place names.
G0784
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ass-SOO-ree-ahn
Translations: Assyrian
Notes: This word is an adjective referring to something or someone from Assyria, an ancient empire and geographical region in Mesopotamia. It describes the origin or characteristic of a person, place, or thing as being related to Assyria.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G2564
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: keh-KLEES-thai
Translations: to have been called, to be called, to be named
Notes: This is the perfect infinitive form of the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. It indicates a state of having been called or named, or the ongoing state of being called or named. It is often used in constructions where the action of calling has already occurred and its result is still present.
Inflection: Perfect, Infinitive, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G1417
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: DEE-oh
Translations: two
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'two'. It is used to indicate a quantity of two of something. It is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'two'.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-AH-phra
Translations: Iaphra
Notes: This is a proper noun, likely referring to a person or a place. In the provided context, it appears to be a name being listed alongside other names.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The etymology of this specific proper noun is not readily available in standard Koine Greek lexicons, suggesting it may be a transliteration of a foreign name or a less common proper noun.
G2477
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ah-FEH-roo
Translations: of Japheth
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Japheth'. Japheth was one of the three sons of Noah in the biblical narrative, often associated with the ancestors of the Indo-European peoples. The word is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'belonging to Japheth' or 'from Japheth'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lin
Translations: city, a city
Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.
G2181
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ef-FRAN
Translations: Ephraim
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Ephraim, one of the sons of Joseph and a patriarch of one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The name is often associated with the tribe and the territory it occupied. It is used to refer to the person or the tribe/territory.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
G5561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHO-ran
Translations: country, a country, land, a land, region, a region, field, a field
Notes: This word refers to a country, land, region, or territory. It can also denote a specific field or piece of ground. It is used to describe a geographical area or a specific plot of land.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΗ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΑΓΡΟΣ
G3687
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-no-mas-THEE-nai
Translations: to be named, to be called
Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb ὀνομάζω (onomazō), meaning 'to name' or 'to call'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often used after verbs like 'it is necessary' or 'it happened' to express the purpose or result of an action. In its passive form, it means 'to be named' or 'to be called'.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-toos
Translations: these, those
Notes: This word is the accusative plural masculine form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos). It is used to point out or refer to specific people or things that are near in proximity or time, or that have just been mentioned. It functions like 'these' or 'those' in English, often referring to a group of males or a group of mixed gender.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G2265
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: hay-RAH-klee
Translations: (to) Heracles, (to) Hercules
Notes: This is the dative singular form of the proper noun 'Heracles' (or 'Hercules' in Latinized form), referring to the famous hero of Greek mythology, son of Zeus and Alcmene, renowned for his strength and twelve labors. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action, meaning 'to Heracles' or 'for Heracles'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G4948
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soos-trat-YOO-sai
Translations: to make war with, to serve with, to fight with, to campaign with, to join in military service
Notes: This word means to engage in military service or warfare alongside someone, or to join forces with someone in a campaign. It implies a shared struggle or common objective, often in a military context, but can also be used metaphorically for a shared endeavor or conflict.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΠΟΛΕΜΕΩ, ΣΥΝΜΑΧΕΩ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: an-TAI-on
Translations: Antaeus
Notes: This is the name of Antaeus, a giant in Greek and Berber mythology. He was the son of Poseidon and Gaia, and was invincible as long as he remained in contact with the earth. He was a formidable wrestler who would kill all challengers until Heracles defeated him by holding him aloft and crushing him.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Antaeus is derived from the Greek word ἀνταῖος (antaios), meaning 'opponent' or 'rival'.
G1060
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: gah-MEN-tah
Translations: marrying, having married, to marry, to be married
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γαμέω' (gameō), meaning 'to marry' or 'to be married'. It describes someone who is in the act of marrying or has already married. It can be used to describe both men and women, and its meaning can shift slightly depending on the context, often implying the act of taking a spouse or being given in marriage.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΙΚΕΩ, ΕΚΓΑΜΙΖΩ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-FRAH-noo
Translations: of Aphran, to Aphran
Notes: This word is a proper noun, likely a name or a place name, appearing in the genitive case. It refers to something belonging to or related to 'Aphran', or indicates motion towards 'Aphran'. In the provided context, it seems to be a geographical reference, possibly related to 'Suru'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive
Etymology: The etymology of 'Aphran' is not clearly documented in standard Greek lexicons. It appears to be a foreign proper name, possibly of Semitic or Assyrian origin, given the context of 'Suru' (Syria/Assyria).
G2364
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thoo-ga-TEH-ra
Translations: daughter, a daughter
Notes: This word refers to a female child in relation to her parents. It is a common noun used to denote a daughter. It can be used in sentences where a direct object is needed, such as 'he saw his daughter'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G2265
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: heh-rah-KLEH-ah
Translations: Heracles, Hercules
Notes: This is the name of the famous mythical Greek hero, known for his incredible strength and numerous adventures. In ancient Greek literature, he is often depicted as a demigod, son of Zeus and Alcmene. The form 'ΗΡΑΚΛΕΑ' is used when Heracles is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G1080
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: gen-NEE-sai
Translations: to beget, to give birth, to bear, to produce, to generate
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ΓΕΝΝΑΩ'. It means 'to beget', 'to give birth to', or 'to produce'. It describes the act of bringing something or someone into existence, often referring to procreation or the origin of something. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often used after other verbs or prepositions.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΤΙΚΤΩ, ΦΥΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΓΕΝΝΑΩ comes from the Greek root γένος (genos), meaning 'race, stock, kin'. It is related to the idea of origin and family lineage.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: wee-ON
Translations: son, a son
Notes: This word refers to a male offspring or descendant. It can be used literally for a biological son, or more broadly for someone who is a descendant or follower. It is often used in the context of family relationships or lineage.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TES
Translations: (of) her, her, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a form of the third-person pronoun 'autos'. It is used to refer to a singular feminine noun that has already been mentioned or is understood from the context. It indicates possession or is used after prepositions that require the genitive case. For example, it could mean 'her' (as in 'her house') or 'of her'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-DOH-ron
Translations: double gift, a double gift, two gifts
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the prefix 'δι-' (di-), meaning 'two' or 'twice', and 'δῶρον' (dōron), meaning 'gift'. Therefore, it refers to a 'double gift' or 'two gifts'. It is used to describe something that is given in duplicate or as a pair of gifts.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word ΔΙΔΩΡΟΝ is a compound of the Greek prefix 'δι-' (di-), meaning 'two' or 'twice', and the noun 'δῶρον' (dōron), meaning 'gift'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai
Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born
Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
G4626
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: so-FO-nah
Translations: Sophona, Zephaniah
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the Hebrew prophet Zephaniah. It is used to name a person. The name means 'Yahweh has hidden' or 'Yahweh has treasured'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew צְפַנְיָה (Tsephanyah), meaning 'Yahweh has hidden' or 'Yahweh has treasured'.
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AF
Translations: from, away from, by, of
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), which means 'from' or 'away from'. The final vowel of ΑΠΟ is dropped (elided) when it precedes a word that begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the apostrophe-like symbol over the vowel). It indicates separation, origin, or cause, often translated as 'from' or 'away from'. It can also denote the agent 'by' or the source 'of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab, English off, and German ab.
G3756, G3757
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when
Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G0915
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: bar-BAH-roos
Translations: barbarians, foreigners, non-Greeks
Notes: This word refers to anyone who was not Greek, particularly those who did not speak the Greek language. It originally described people whose speech sounded like unintelligible babbling ('bar-bar'). Over time, it came to denote anyone considered foreign or uncivilized by the Greeks. It is used here in the accusative plural, indicating the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΓΕΝΗΣ, ΞΕΝΟΣ
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: SOH-fah-kas
Translations: unknown
Notes: It's not clear what this word means. It does not appear to be a standard word in Koine Greek lexicons or ancient Greek texts. It could be a proper noun, a very rare or specialized term, a misspelling, or a garbled word. Without further context or a known source, its meaning and usage remain unknown.
Inflection: Unknown
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: leh-GEH-sthai
Translations: to be said, to be spoken, to be called, to be told
Notes: This word is the present passive infinitive form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), which means 'to say' or 'to speak'. Therefore, 'λέγεσθαι' means 'to be said' or 'to be spoken'. It can also mean 'to be called' or 'to be named' in certain contexts. It is used to express an action that is being done to the subject, rather than by the subject, and functions as a verbal noun.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΙΠΕΙΝ, ΦΑΝΑΙ, ΛΑΛΕΙΝ
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