Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Codex Sinaiticus / Epistle of Barnabas / Chapter 20Epistle of Barnabas, Chapter 20
Interlinear version from Codex Sinaiticus (Beta)
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G3189
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-lah-nos
Translations: of black, of dark, of ink
Notes: This word describes something as black or dark in color. It can also refer to ink, as ink was typically black. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'of black' or 'belonging to blackness'. In the provided examples, it refers to 'ink' in the context of writing.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΚΟΤΕΙΝΟΣ, ΖΟΦΩΔΗΣ
G3598
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HO-dos
Translations: way, a way, road, a road, path, a path, journey, a journey, course, a course
Notes: This word refers to a physical path, road, or highway. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a course of conduct, a manner of life, or a spiritual journey. In the New Testament, it often refers to the 'way' of God or the 'way' of salvation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ, ΠΑΘΟΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the idea of 'going' or 'moving'.
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It is commonly used to link a subject to a predicate, describing what the subject is or what state it is in. For example, it can mean 'he is' or 'it is', depending on the context.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G4646
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: sko-LEE-as
Translations: (of) crooked, (of) perverse, (of) unjust, crooked, perverse, unjust
Notes: This word describes something as crooked, twisted, or bent, both literally and figuratively. In a moral sense, it refers to something that is perverse, unjust, or morally corrupt. It can be used to describe paths, actions, or people.
Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Genitive Singular; or Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Accusative Plural
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΒΛΟΣ, ΔΙΕΣΤΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΣ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G2671
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-tah-RAS
Translations: of a curse, a curse, curse
Notes: This word refers to a curse or an imprecation. It is often used in a religious context to denote a divine judgment or a pronouncement of evil upon someone or something. It can also refer to the state of being under a curse.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΘΕΜΑ, ΑΡΑ
Etymology: From κατά (kata, "down") and ἀρά (ara, "a prayer, imprecation"). It literally means "down-prayer" or "down-imprecation," implying a prayer or wish for evil to befall someone.
G3324
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MES-tay
Translations: full, filled, a full (thing)
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'full' or 'filled'. It describes something that is completely occupied or supplied with a particular content. It is often used to indicate a state of abundance or completion, such as 'full of grace' or 'full of wrath'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΗΣ, ΓΕΜΩΝ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G2288
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAH-nah-TOO
Translations: (of) death, (of) a death
Notes: This word refers to the state of being dead, the cessation of life, or the end of existence. It is often used to describe physical death, but can also refer to spiritual death or separation. In a sentence, it would typically indicate possession or origin, such as 'the power of death' or 'delivered from death'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΗΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to die'.
G0166
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ahee-OH-nee-ah
Translations: eternal, everlasting, age-long, perpetual, an eternal, an everlasting
Notes: This word describes something that is without beginning or end, or that pertains to an age or a long period of time. It is often used to describe God's nature, the life given by God, or the duration of future states. It can refer to something that is perpetual or enduring throughout an age, or something that is truly eternal in the sense of timelessness. The meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, sometimes emphasizing duration within an age, and other times emphasizing absolute eternity.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΙΔΙΟΣ, ΑΤΕΛΕΥΤΗΤΟΣ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G5098
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tee-moh-REE-as
Translations: of punishment, of vengeance, of retribution
Notes: This word refers to punishment, vengeance, or retribution. It describes the act of inflicting a penalty for an offense or wrongdoing. It is often used in contexts where someone is being held accountable for their actions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΟΛΑΣΙΣ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EN
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G0622
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-POL-loon-tah
Translations: perish, are perishing, are destroyed, are lost, are ruined, are undone
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'apollymi', meaning to destroy, to lose, or to perish. It describes an action where something is brought to an end, is ruined, or ceases to exist. It can refer to physical destruction, spiritual ruin, or simply being lost. In the provided context, it refers to the destruction or perishing of the wineskins.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπόλλυμι (apóllumi), from ἀπό (apó, 'from, off') + ὄλλυμι (óllumi, 'to destroy, to lose').
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G5590
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PSY-khen
Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self
Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ
Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, their own
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun in the genitive plural. It can be translated as 'of them' or 'their', indicating possession or origin. It is often used reflexively, meaning 'their own' or 'of themselves', referring back to the subject of the sentence.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΣΦΩΝ, ΕΑΥΤΩΝ
G1495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eye-doh-loh-la-TREE-ah
Translations: idolatry, idol worship, an idolatry
Notes: This word is a compound noun formed from 'eidolon' (idol, image) and 'latreia' (worship, service). It refers to the worship of idols or images, or the practice of excessive devotion to anything other than God. It describes the act of rendering divine honor to any created thing or false god.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΕΙΔΩΛΟΝ, ΛΑΤΡΕΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΕΙΔΩΛΟΛΑΤΡΙΑ is a compound of ΕΙΔΩΛΟΝ (EIDOLON), meaning 'idol' or 'image', and ΛΑΤΡΕΙΑ (LATREIA), meaning 'worship' or 'service'. It describes the act of worshipping idols.
G2356
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thra-SY-tays
Translations: boldness, audacity, recklessness, rashness
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being bold, audacious, or reckless. It can imply a negative sense of rashness or impudence, but also a positive sense of courage or daring, depending on the context. It describes a characteristic or state of mind.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΟΛΜΑ, ΑΥΘΑΔΕΙΑ
Etymology: From the adjective θρασύς (thrasys), meaning 'bold, courageous, audacious'. The suffix -της (-tēs) is used to form abstract nouns denoting a quality or state.
G5311
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: Y-PSOS
Translations: height, a height, high, on high, top, summit, heaven
Notes: This word refers to the state of being high or elevated. It can denote physical height, such as the height of a tree or a building, or a more abstract sense of being 'on high' or in a lofty position, often referring to heaven or a place of divine authority. It is used to describe both literal elevation and metaphorical exaltation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΟΥΡΑΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word "ΥΨΟΣ" comes from the adjective "ὑψύς" (hypsys), meaning "high" or "lofty." It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *up-, meaning "up, over."
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-ohs
Translations: of power, of strength, of ability, of might, of a miracle
Notes: This word refers to inherent power, strength, or ability. It can also denote miraculous power or a mighty work. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or a relationship 'of' something, such as 'of power' or 'of strength'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣ
G5272
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-po-KREE-sees
Translations: hypocrisy, a hypocrisy, dissimulation, pretense
Notes: This word refers to the act of pretending to have virtues, beliefs, or principles that one does not actually possess. It describes a state of insincerity or dissimulation, often for the purpose of deceiving others or gaining an advantage. In Koine Greek, it often carries the connotation of an actor playing a part on a stage, hence the idea of 'putting on a show' or 'feigning'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΗ, ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΠΛΑΝΗ
Etymology: The word 'ΥΠΟΚΡΙΣΙΣ' (hypokrisis) comes from the verb 'υποκρίνομαι' (hypokrinomai), meaning 'to answer', 'to interpret', or 'to play a part on stage'. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, 'under') and 'κρίνω' (krino, 'to judge' or 'to decide'). Over time, its meaning evolved from 'answering' or 'interpreting' to 'acting a part' and eventually to 'feigning' or 'hypocrisy'.
G1374
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-plo-kar-DEE-ah
Translations: double-heartedness, duplicity, double-mindedness, a double heart
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'διπλοῦς' (diplous), meaning 'double', and 'καρδία' (kardia), meaning 'heart'. It refers to the state of having a divided or insincere heart, indicating duplicity, indecision, or wavering loyalty. It describes someone who is not single-minded or sincere in their intentions or beliefs.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΨΥΧΙΑ, ΑΣΤΑΘΕΙΑ
Etymology: From the Greek adjective 'διπλοῦς' (diplous), meaning 'double', and the noun 'καρδία' (kardia), meaning 'heart'. It literally means 'double-heartedness'.
G3430
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: moy-KHEE-ah
Translations: adultery, an act of adultery
Notes: This word refers to the act of adultery, which is sexual intercourse between a married person and someone other than their spouse. It is often used in a moral or legal context to describe a forbidden or sinful act. In ancient Greek, it specifically denotes illicit sexual relations.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΡΝΕΙΑ, ΑΚΑΘΑΡΣΙΑ
Etymology: Derived from the verb ΜΟΙΧΕΥΩ (moicheuō), meaning 'to commit adultery', which itself comes from ΜΟΙΧΟΣ (moichos), meaning 'adulterer'.
G5408
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PHO-nos
Translations: murder, a murder, slaughter, bloodshed
Notes: This word refers to the act of murder or slaughter, often implying violence and bloodshed. It is used to describe the killing of a human being, and can also refer to the resulting carnage or bloodshed. It is typically used as a singular noun in sentences.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΙΜΑ, ΣΦΑΓΗ, ΑΝΔΡΟΦΟΝΙΑ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷhen- meaning 'to strike, kill'. It is related to the verb φένω (phenō), meaning 'to slay'.
G0725
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-pa-GAY
Translations: plunder, spoil, robbery, extortion, a plunder, a spoil, a robbery, an extortion
Notes: This word refers to the act of seizing, carrying off, or plundering something by force. It can describe the spoils or booty taken in such an act, or the act of robbery or extortion itself. It is often used in contexts of violent seizure or illicit gain.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΡΠΑΓΗ, ΛΑΦΥΡΟΝ, ΣΚΥΛΟΝ
Etymology: From the verb 'ἁρπάζω' (harpazō), meaning 'to seize' or 'to snatch away'. It describes the result or act of this forceful taking.
G5243
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-per-ee-fah-NEE-ah
Translations: pride, arrogance, haughtiness, a pride, an arrogance, a haughtiness
Notes: This word refers to an excessive sense of one's own importance or superiority, often leading to contempt for others. It describes a state of being overly proud or arrogant, and is generally used in a negative sense to denote a sinful or undesirable attitude. It can be used in sentences to describe the characteristic of a person or an action stemming from such a characteristic.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΙΑ, ΚΑΥΧΗΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the Greek words 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'above', and 'φαίνω' (phainō), meaning 'to appear' or 'to show'. Thus, it literally means 'appearing above' or 'showing oneself superior', leading to the sense of pride or arrogance.
G3847
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-ra-BA-seess
Translations: transgressions, violations, sins
Notes: This word refers to a stepping over a line, a violation of a law or command. It implies a deliberate act of going beyond what is permitted or commanded, often in a moral or legal sense. It is used to describe acts of disobedience or sin.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑΙ, ΑΝΟΜΙΑΙ
G1388
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DO-los
Translations: guile, deceit, craft, treachery, a guile, a deceit
Notes: This word refers to cunning, deceit, or treachery. It describes a deceptive scheme or a malicious trick. It can be used to describe the character of a person who acts with deceit, or the deceptive nature of an action or plan.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΗ, ΠΑΝΟΥΡΓΙΑ, ΔΟΛΙΟΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a root meaning 'to ensnare' or 'to bait'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.
G2549
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ka-KEE-ah
Translations: evil, an evil, malice, a malice, wickedness, a wickedness, depravity, a depravity, trouble, a trouble
Notes: ΚΑΚΙΑ refers to moral badness, wickedness, or depravity. It describes a state of moral corruption or ill-will. It can also denote trouble or misfortune that arises from such evil. It is used to describe actions or a character that is inherently bad or harmful.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ, ΦΑΥΛΟΤΗΣ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ
G0829
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ow-tha-DEE-ah
Translations: self-will, stubbornness, obstinacy, arrogance, a self-will, an obstinacy
Notes: This word refers to a strong, unyielding will, often in a negative sense, implying stubbornness, obstinacy, or arrogance. It describes a disposition where one insists on their own way, disregarding the opinions or needs of others. It can be used to describe someone who is headstrong or defiant.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΕΙΑ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΚΑΡΔΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΑΥΘΑΔΙΑ (authadia) is derived from the Greek words αὐτός (autos), meaning 'self', and ἁδεῖν (hadein), meaning 'to please'. Thus, it literally means 'self-pleasing' or 'self-willed', referring to someone who pleases themselves or acts according to their own will.
G5331
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: phar-ma-KEE-ah
Translations: sorcery, witchcraft, magic arts, enchantment, poisoning, a sorcery, a witchcraft
Notes: This word refers to the practice of magic, sorcery, or witchcraft, often involving the use of drugs, potions, or spells. It can also refer to the use of poisons. In ancient contexts, it often carried negative connotations, implying deception or harmful practices.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΟΗΤΕΙΑ, ΜΑΓΕΙΑ, ΕΠΑΟΙΔΗ
Etymology: From φάρμακον (pharmakon), meaning 'drug,' 'medicine,' or 'poison.' The word evolved to describe the use of such substances, often in a magical or harmful context.
G0870
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-foh-BEE-ah
Translations: fearlessness, absence of fear, security, a fearlessness
Notes: This word refers to the state of being without fear or dread. It denotes a sense of security and confidence, often in the face of danger or adversity. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (alpha privative, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'φόβος' (phobos), meaning 'fear'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΘΑΡΣΙΑ, ΑΔΕΙΑ
Etymology: Derived from the negative prefix 'α-' (alpha privative) meaning 'without' and 'φόβος' (phobos) meaning 'fear'. It literally means 'without fear'.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-OO
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.
G1377
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-OKE-tai
Translations: persecutors, pursuers, taskmasters, exactors
Notes: This word refers to those who pursue, persecute, or exact something from others. It can describe someone who chases after another, either to catch them or to harass them. In some contexts, it specifically refers to taskmasters or overseers who compel work or payment, often with harshness.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΩΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΡΓΟΔΙΩΚΤΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G0018
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ah-ga-THON
Translations: good, of good things, of good men, of good deeds, good things, good men, good deeds
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'agathos', meaning 'good'. It is often used to describe things that are morally good, beneficial, or excellent. In its plural form, it can refer to 'good things' or 'good people'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ
G3404
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: mee-SOON-tes
Translations: hating, those who hate, a hater
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'hating' or 'those who hate'. It describes an ongoing action of strong dislike or enmity towards someone or something. It can function adjectivally to describe people who hate, or substantively as 'those who hate'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'those who hate the good'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΥΓΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G225
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-lay-THEE-ahn
Translations: truth, a truth
Notes: This word refers to truth, reality, or sincerity. It is a feminine noun and is often used to describe what is factual, genuine, or morally upright. In a sentence, it functions as the direct object of a verb, indicating something that is known, done, or pursued.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΣ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ
G0027
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ah-gah-PAW-tes
Translations: beloved, dear ones, friends, a beloved one
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'beloved' or 'dear'. It is often used as a substantive (acting as a noun) to refer to 'dear ones' or 'friends'. It describes someone who is the object of love or affection. In the New Testament, it is frequently used by apostles to address fellow believers, emphasizing their cherished status in Christ.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΙ, ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΙ
Etymology: Derived from the verb ἀγαπάω (agapaō), meaning 'to love', and related to the noun ἀγάπη (agapē), meaning 'love'. It signifies the state of being loved.
G5579, G5578
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: PSEV-dee
Translations: false, untrue, lying, lies, falsehoods, a lie, an untruth
Notes: This word refers to something that is false, untrue, or a lie. As an adjective, it describes things that are not true or are deceptive. As a noun, it refers to falsehoods or lies themselves. It is often used in a plural sense to denote multiple untruths or deceptions.
Inflection: Neuter Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΗ, ΑΠΑΤΗ, ΠΛΑΝΗ
G3756, G3757
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when
Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.
G1097
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: gih-NOH-skon-tes
Translations: knowing, understanding, perceiving, those knowing, those understanding
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'to know' or 'to understand'. It describes an ongoing action of knowing or perceiving. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, meaning 'those who know' or 'the ones knowing'. It implies a continuous state of awareness or comprehension.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative Plural, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΕΣ
G3406
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MIS-thon
Translations: wage, wages, reward, pay, a wage, a reward
Notes: This word refers to a payment for work or service rendered, often translated as 'wage' or 'reward'. It can also refer to the recompense or outcome of actions, whether good or bad. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΨΩΝΙΟΝ, ΜΙΣΘΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΑ, ΑΝΤΙΜΙΣΘΙΑ
G1343
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-kah-yoh-SOO-nays
Translations: of righteousness, of justice, of a righteousness, of a justice
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being morally right, just, or righteous. It encompasses both the state of being right with God and the act of doing what is right. It is often used in a theological context to describe divine justice or human uprightness.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΕΥΘΥΤΗΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'just' or 'righteous', combined with the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which forms abstract nouns, indicating a state or quality.
G2853
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kol-loh-MEH-noy
Translations: cleaving, joining, adhering, being joined, being united, being attached
Notes: This word describes the act of being closely joined, united, or adhering to something or someone. It implies a strong bond or attachment, whether physical or metaphorical. It is often used to describe people becoming united with others, or adhering to a principle or a group.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΛΛΩΜΕΝΟΙ
Etymology: From κόλλα (kolla), meaning 'glue'. The verb κολλάω means 'to glue, cement, or join together'.
G0018
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-gah-THOH
Translations: good, useful, excellent, noble, upright, kind, beneficial, (to) good, (to) useful, (to) excellent, (to) noble, (to) upright, (to) kind, (to) beneficial
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'good' in a broad sense, encompassing moral goodness, usefulness, excellence, and kindness. It describes something or someone that is inherently good or beneficial. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to/for the good (thing/person)' or 'by/with the good (thing/person)'. It can refer to a masculine or neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ
Etymology: The word 'ἀγαθός' (agathos) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek term for 'good'. It is not directly related to a known Proto-Indo-European root.
G2920
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KREE-say
Translations: judgment, a judgment, decision, condemnation, justice, a crisis
Notes: This word refers to a judgment, decision, or the act of judging. It can also denote a legal process, a verdict, or a condemnation. In some contexts, it refers to a critical moment or a crisis. It is often used in the context of divine or human evaluation and the resulting outcome.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΣΙΣ
G1342
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: dee-KAH-yah
Translations: just, righteous, right, fair, a just thing, a righteous thing
Notes: This word describes something or someone as being just, righteous, or in accordance with what is right. It can refer to actions, judgments, or individuals. It is often used to describe God's character or His judgments, indicating their inherent fairness and righteousness. It can also describe people who live in a way that is pleasing to God.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative; or Feminine, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative
Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΟΡΘΟΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with justice or right.
G5503
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEE-rah
Translations: widow, a widow
Notes: This word refers to a woman whose husband has died and who has not remarried. In ancient societies, widows often faced significant social and economic vulnerability, and they are frequently mentioned in biblical texts as a group deserving of special care and protection. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The word ΧΗΡΑ (chēra) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to a root meaning 'empty' or 'bereft'.
G3737
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: or-fa-NO
Translations: orphan, an orphan, fatherless, a fatherless child, (to) an orphan, (to) a fatherless child
Notes: This word refers to an orphan or a fatherless child. It is used to describe someone who has lost one or both parents, particularly the father, and is in a vulnerable state. In the provided context, it appears in the dative case, indicating 'to an orphan' or 'for an orphan', suggesting an action directed towards or benefiting an orphan.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΕΥΤΟΣ, ΑΒΟΗΘΗΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'orphanos' is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be deprived' or 'to be without'. It is related to Latin 'orbus' (bereaved, orphaned).
G4337
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pros-E-khon-tes
Translations: paying attention, giving heed, attending, being attentive, those who pay attention
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'προσέχω' (prosechō), meaning 'to pay attention to,' 'to give heed to,' or 'to apply oneself to.' As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally or adverbially, often translated as 'paying attention' or 'those who are paying attention.' It implies a focused and deliberate act of heeding or attending to something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ
G0069
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-groo-PNOON-tes
Translations: watching, being watchful, being vigilant, being sleepless
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'agrypneō', meaning 'to be sleepless' or 'to watch'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in watching or being vigilant, often implying a state of wakefulness for a specific purpose, such as guarding or being attentive to danger. It can be used to describe a group of people who are keeping watch.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΓΡΗΓΟΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΝΗΦΟΝΤΕΣ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.
G1519, G1520
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one
Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'
Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).
G5401
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FOH-bon
Translations: fear, a fear, dread, terror, reverence, awe
Notes: This word refers to the emotion of fear, dread, or terror. It can also denote reverence or awe, especially in a religious context towards God. As a noun, it functions as the direct object in a sentence.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΟΣ, ΤΡΟΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΦΟΒΟΣ (phobos) originates from the verb φέβομαι (phebomai), which means 'to flee' or 'to be put to flight'.
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed
Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ
Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: EP-ee
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a
Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'
Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: po-nee-RON
Translations: evil, wicked, bad, harmful, a wicked thing, an evil thing
Notes: This word describes something as evil, wicked, or bad. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun, or it can function as a noun itself, referring to an evil or wicked thing. It often implies something that is morally corrupt, harmful, or causing distress.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΝΟΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word comes from the Greek word πόνος (ponos), meaning 'toil, labor, distress, pain', suggesting something that causes pain or is the result of painful effort, thus leading to the meaning of 'evil' or 'wicked'.
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, he who is, they who are
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It describes a state of being or existence, often functioning like an adjective or a noun. It can be translated as 'being' or 'who is/are' depending on the context, referring to someone or something that is in a particular state or performing an action of being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
G3112
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: mah-KRAHN
Translations: far, far away, a long way off, at a distance
Notes: This word means 'far' or 'at a distance'. It is used to indicate a significant spatial separation between objects or locations. It can also sometimes refer to a long period of time, meaning 'for a long time' or 'long ago'.
Inflection: Adverbial accusative feminine singular of ΜΑΚΡΟΣ
Synonyms: ΠΟΡΡΩ, ΑΠΩΘΕΝ
G4206
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: POR-rho
Translations: far, far away, a long way off, at a distance
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'far' or 'at a distance'. It indicates a significant spatial separation from a point of reference. It can be used to describe how far away something is located or how far someone has traveled.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΑΚΡΑΝ, ΑΠΟΜΑΚΡΑΝ
Etymology: From an intensive reduplication of the root of πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward'. It emphasizes distance.
G4240
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: prah-OO-tays
Translations: gentleness, meekness, humility, consideration
Notes: This word refers to a disposition of gentleness, meekness, or humility. It describes a quality of character that is mild, gentle, and considerate, often in the face of provocation or adversity. It is not weakness, but rather strength under control, showing patience and forbearance.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΕΙΚΕΙΑ, ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ
Etymology: The word prautēs is derived from the adjective praus (πραΰς), meaning 'mild' or 'gentle'. It describes the quality of being gentle or meek.
G5281
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-po-mo-NEE
Translations: endurance, patience, perseverance, steadfastness, a patience, an endurance, a perseverance, a steadfastness
Notes: This word refers to the capacity to endure or bear up under difficult circumstances, often with a sense of steadfastness or patient waiting. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (HYPO), meaning 'under', and the verb ΜΕΝΩ (MENO), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. Thus, it literally means 'a remaining under' or 'a bearing up under'. It describes the quality of not giving in to adversity or suffering, but rather maintaining one's resolve and hope.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΙΑ, ΑΝΔΡΙΑ, ΜΑΚΡΟΘΥΜΙΑ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition ΥΠΟ (HYPO), meaning 'under', and the verb ΜΕΝΩ (MENO), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. It describes the act of remaining steadfast under pressure or difficulty.
G0025
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-gah-PON-tes
Translations: loving, those who love, loving ones
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'agapao', meaning 'to love'. It describes an ongoing action of loving. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the loving people'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'those who are loving'). It conveys a deep, unconditional, and often sacrificial love, distinct from other forms of love like 'philia' (friendship) or 'eros' (romantic/passionate love).
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΡΩΝΤΕΣ
G3153
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mah-tah-YOH-tay-tah
Translations: vanity, a vanity, futility, emptiness, meaninglessness, a meaninglessness
Notes: This word refers to the state of being empty, useless, or without purpose. It often describes the transient and unsatisfying nature of worldly pursuits or things that lack true value. It can be used to describe actions, words, or even life itself as being futile or meaningless.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΕΝΟΤΗΣ, ΑΝΩΦΕΛΕΙΑ
Etymology: From the adjective μάταιος (mataios), meaning 'empty, vain, futile'. It describes the quality or state of being μάταιος.
G1377
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: dee-OH-kon-tes
Translations: pursuing, persecuting, chasing, following, those who pursue, those who persecute
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to pursue' or 'to persecute'. It describes an action of actively following after someone or something, either in a literal chase or in a hostile sense of persecution. It can also mean to earnestly seek or strive for something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, but also carries the action of a verb.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΞΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΓΜΟΣ
G0467
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-ta-PO-do-ma
Translations: recompense, a recompense, reward, a reward, repayment, a repayment
Notes: This word refers to a return or repayment, often in the sense of a recompense or reward for actions. It can signify either a positive return for good deeds or a negative one for bad deeds, depending on the context. It is typically used to describe the outcome or consequence of one's actions.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΜΙΣΘΟΣ, ΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΣ, ΑΝΤΙΜΙΣΘΙΑ
Etymology: This word is a compound noun formed from the prefix ἀντί (anti), meaning 'in return for' or 'opposite to', and the verb ἀποδίδωμι (apodidomi), meaning 'to give back' or 'to pay back'.
G1653
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-leh-OHN-tes
Translations: having mercy, showing mercy, pitying
Notes: This word is the present active participle, masculine or neuter, nominative or accusative plural of the verb 'eleeō'. It describes someone or something that is actively showing mercy or pity. It is used to indicate an ongoing action of compassion.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G4434
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: PTO-khon
Translations: poor, a poor person, beggar, a beggar, destitute, needy
Notes: This word describes someone who is poor, needy, or destitute. It often implies a state of extreme poverty, where one is reduced to crouching or cowering, often relying on begging. It can be used to describe a person who is financially impoverished, but also someone who is spiritually poor or humble. In a sentence, it would modify a noun or function as a noun itself, meaning 'a poor person' or 'the poor one'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΕΝΗΣ, ΕΝΔΕΗΣ, ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ
G3993
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: po-NOON-tes
Translations: toiling, laboring, working, suffering, being in distress
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'πονέω' (poneō). It describes someone who is actively engaged in work, effort, or experiencing hardship. It can refer to physical labor, mental exertion, or enduring pain and suffering. In a sentence, it would describe the ongoing action of 'toiling' or 'suffering'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΠΙΑΩ
Etymology: The verb 'πονέω' (poneō) comes from 'πόνος' (ponos), meaning 'toil, labor, pain'. It is related to the idea of effort and hardship.
G2669
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-poh-noo-MEH-noh
Translations: (to) the one being oppressed, (to) the one being worn out, (to) the one being distressed
Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being oppressed' or 'being worn out'. It describes someone who is suffering under a heavy burden, hardship, or mistreatment. As a dative case, it indicates the recipient of an action, so it refers to 'the one to whom something is done' in terms of oppression or distress. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (down, against) and 'πονέω' (to toil, to labor).
Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΘΛΙΒΟΜΕΝΩ, ΒΑΡΟΥΜΕΝΩ
Etymology: The verb ΚΑΤΑΠΟΝΕΩ is a compound word derived from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΠΟΝΕΩ (poneō), meaning 'to toil', 'to labor', or 'to suffer'. The combination suggests being 'toiled down' or 'labored against', leading to the sense of being oppressed or worn out.
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-KHEH-rees
Translations: easy to handle, manageable, convenient, ready, skillful
Notes: This adjective describes something that is easy to manage, handle, or use. It can refer to a task that is readily accomplished or a person who is skillful and adept. The word implies a sense of convenience and readiness.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΕΥΚΟΛΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΥΧΕΡΙΣ is a compound of the prefix ΕΥ- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ΧΕΙΡ (cheir), meaning 'hand'. Thus, it literally means 'good-handed' or 'easy to handle by hand'.
G2636
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-LEE-ah
Translations: slander, evil speaking, backbiting, defamation, a slander, an evil speaking
Notes: This word refers to speech that is directed against someone, often with the intent to harm their reputation. It describes the act of speaking evil of others, engaging in backbiting, or spreading malicious gossip. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (against, down) and the noun ΛΑΛΙΑ (speech, talk).
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΟΛΗ, ΨΙΘΥΡΙΣΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΛΑΛΙΑ is derived from the verb ΚΑΤΑΛΑΛΕΩ (to speak against, to slander), which is itself a compound of the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (down, against) and the verb ΛΑΛΕΩ (to speak). It refers to the act or result of speaking against someone.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: poy-EE-san-tah
Translations: having made, who made, the one who made, him who made, maker, doer
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having made' or 'who made'. It describes someone who has performed an action of making or doing. It functions like an adjective or a noun, often referring to 'the one who made' or 'the maker', and in this form, it is in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΝ, ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΗΣΑΝΤΑ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.
Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ
G5406
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FOH-nis
Translations: murderer, a murderer, homicide, a homicide
Notes: The word 'phonis' refers to a murderer or a homicide. It is a noun used to describe a person who commits the act of killing another human being, often with premeditation or malice. It can be used in sentences to identify someone as having committed such a crime.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΚΤΟΝΟΣ, ΣΦΑΓΕΥΣ
Etymology: The word 'phonis' derives from the Greek root 'phonos' (φόνος), meaning 'murder' or 'slaughter'. It refers to one who commits such an act.
G5043
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEK-non
Translations: of children, children
Notes: This word refers to offspring, descendants, or young ones. It is used to denote a child or children in a literal sense, or sometimes metaphorically to refer to those who are spiritually related or under someone's care. It is a common term for a son or daughter.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΥΙΩΝ, ΠΑΙΔΩΝ
G5356
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ftho-REES
Translations: corruption, ruin, decay, destruction, perishing, a perishing
Notes: This word refers to the process of decay, ruin, or destruction, often implying a state of moral or physical deterioration. It describes the act of perishing or being corrupted.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΛΕΘΡΟΣ, ΑΠΩΛΕΙΑ
G4111
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLAS-mah-tos
Translations: of a thing formed, of a created thing, of a creature, of a molded thing, of a formation
Notes: This word refers to something that has been formed, molded, or created. It is often used to describe a created being or a product of creation, emphasizing the act of shaping or forming. In a broader sense, it can refer to any formation or structure.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΤΙΣΜΑ, ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΗΜΑ
G0654
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pos-TREH-foh-meh-noy
Translations: turning away, turning back, turning oneself away, turning oneself back, rejecting, avoiding, perverting, leading astray
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'ΑΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ (apostrephō)'. It describes an action of turning away or turning back, often with the implication of rejection, avoidance, or perversion. In the middle voice, it emphasizes the subject performing the action on themselves (turning oneself away). In the passive voice, it indicates being turned away. It can be used to describe someone who is actively avoiding something or someone who is being led astray.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΛΙΝΩ, ΕΚΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΠΟΦΕΥΓΩ
G1729
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: en-DEH-oh-meh-non
Translations: lacking, in need of, wanting, being deficient, being in want
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is lacking, deficient, or in need of something. It is often used to indicate a state of being without a necessary quality or resource, or to express a deficiency.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, Neuter
Synonyms: ΥΣΤΕΡΕΩ, ΕΛΑΤΤΟΩ
Etymology: From the prefix 'εν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and 'δεω' (deo), meaning 'to bind' or 'to lack'. The combination suggests being 'bound in lack' or 'deficient within oneself'.
G2669
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-po-NOO-n-tes
Translations: being oppressed, being distressed, being worn out, those who are oppressed, those who are distressed, those who are worn out
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'καταπονέω', meaning 'to oppress', 'to distress', or 'to wear out'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is currently undergoing the action of being oppressed or distressed. It can be translated as 'being oppressed' or 'those who are oppressed', depending on the context.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Plural, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΘΛΙΒΟΝΤΕΣ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G2346
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: thlee-BO-meh-non
Translations: afflicted, distressed, oppressed, troubled, an afflicted one, that which is afflicted
Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being pressed,' 'being afflicted,' or 'being distressed.' It describes someone or something that is currently undergoing hardship, trouble, or oppression. It can function adjectivally to describe a noun, or as part of a verbal phrase to indicate an ongoing state of suffering.
Inflection: Present Passive Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ, ΠΙΕΖΟΜΕΝΟΝ
Etymology: The word 'θλίβω' (thlibō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to press' or 'to rub.' It has cognates in other Indo-European languages related to pressing or crushing.
G4145
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ploo-SEE-ohn
Translations: of rich (people), of the rich
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΠΛΟΥΣΙΟΣ' (plousios), meaning 'rich' or 'wealthy'. It is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated as 'of rich people' or 'belonging to the rich'. It can modify nouns of any gender in the genitive plural.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΕΥΠΟΡΩΝ, ΠΟΛΥΧΡΥΣΩΝ
G3875
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: Pa-ra-KLEE-toy
Translations: Comforters, Advocates, Helpers, Counselors
Notes: This word refers to those who are called alongside to help, advise, or intercede. It can describe someone who provides comfort, acts as a legal advocate, or offers guidance. In some contexts, it specifically refers to the Holy Spirit as a divine helper.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΟΙ, ΣΥΝΗΓΟΡΟΙ
G3993
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: peh-NAY-tohn
Translations: of the poor, of poor people
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'πενής' (penēs), meaning 'poor' or 'needy'. It refers to those who are in a state of poverty, lacking material possessions or resources. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of the poor' or 'belonging to the poor'. It is used to describe something associated with or coming from people who are poor.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΤΩΧΩΝ, ΕΝΔΕΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'πενής' (penēs) is derived from the verb 'πένομαι' (penomai), meaning 'to toil, to work for one's daily bread'. It emphasizes the state of working for a living and still being in need, distinguishing it from 'πτωχός' (ptōchos), which often implies complete destitution or begging.
G0459
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: AH-noh-moy
Translations: lawless, without law, unrighteous, wicked, a lawless one, the lawless ones
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is without law, or that acts contrary to law. It can refer to those who disregard divine or human law, or who are simply outside the sphere of a particular law. When used as a noun, it refers to 'the lawless ones' or 'wicked people'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΘΕΤΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ, ΠΑΡΑΝΟΜΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, 'not') and νόμος (nomos, 'law'). It literally means 'without law'.
G2923
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kree-TAI
Translations: judges, the judges
Notes: This word refers to individuals who preside over legal proceedings, make judgments, or act as arbiters. It is used to describe those who hold authority in judicial matters or who are appointed to decide disputes. In a sentence, it would typically refer to a group of people fulfilling this role.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΣΤΑΙ, ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pan-ta-mar-TEE-toy
Translations: sinless in all respects, entirely without sin, completely blameless
Notes: This word is a compound adjective formed from 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every', and 'ἀμάρτητος' (amartētos), meaning 'sinless' or 'without sin'. Therefore, it means 'sinless in all respects' or 'entirely without sin'. It describes someone or something that is completely free from any form of sin or error. It would be used to describe a person or entity that is perfectly righteous.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΜΑΡΤΗΤΟΙ, ΑΚΑΚΟΙ
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