2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: oo-KOON

Translations: therefore, then, consequently, so, well then, is it not so, accordingly, is it not the case that

Notes: ΟΥΚΟΥΝ is an inferential particle, often used to draw a conclusion or consequence from what has just been said. It can introduce a question, expecting an affirmative answer, similar to 'is it not so?' or 'surely then?'. It can also function as a strong affirmation or a transition, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It is a compound word formed from ΟΥΚ (not) and ΟΥΝ (therefore, then).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥΚ (not) and the inferential particle ΟΥΝ (therefore, then).

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2570

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KAH-los

Translations: good, beautiful, noble, excellent, right, proper, a good, a beautiful, a noble, an excellent, a right, a proper

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning good, beautiful, noble, excellent, right, or proper. It describes the quality or nature of something or someone, often implying moral goodness, aesthetic beauty, or functional excellence. It can be used to describe people, actions, or things.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΩΡΑΙΟΣ, ΕΥΓΕΝΗΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call', perhaps implying something that is 'called forth' or 'called good'.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-os

Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.

G4267

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-eh-fah-neh-ROH-sen

Translations: manifested beforehand, revealed beforehand, made known beforehand

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to manifest beforehand' or 'to reveal beforehand'. It describes an action of making something clear or evident at an earlier point in time than its full realization or understanding. It is often used to describe divine revelation or prophecy.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΔΗΛΟΩ, ΠΡΟΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of three parts: the prefix 'προ-' (pro-), meaning 'before' or 'in advance'; the prefix 'ἐκ-' (ek-), which often indicates 'out' or 'from' but here functions as an intensifier or part of the verb stem; and the verb 'φανερόω' (phaneroō), meaning 'to make visible, manifest, or reveal'. The 'ε' before 'φανερόω' is an augment indicating past tense.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G3784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-FEI-loh-men

Translations: we ought, we owe, we must, we should, we are indebted

Notes: This word means 'we ought' or 'we owe'. It is used to express a moral obligation, a duty, or a necessity. It can also refer to a financial debt or an obligation to pay something. In the provided examples, it consistently conveys a sense of 'we ought' or 'we must' do something.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ

Etymology: The word ὀφείλω (opheilō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to be indebted' or 'to owe'. It is related to concepts of obligation and debt.

G0136

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AI-nin

Translations: praise, a praise

Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or an unusual form of the Koine Greek word for 'praise' (αἶνος). It appears to be used in a genitive construction, meaning 'of praise' or 'for praise'. In the provided examples, it functions similarly to a noun, indicating the object or purpose of an action related to praise.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΙΝΟΣ, ΥΜΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word αἶνος (ainos) comes from an unknown pre-Greek origin. It refers to a story, fable, or praise, and is the root of words like 'eulogy' and 'hymn'.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lohn

Translations: about to, going to, destined to, future

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'μέλλω' (mellō), meaning 'to be about to' or 'to intend to'. It indicates an action that is imminent, impending, or destined to occur. It often functions like a future tense auxiliary verb in English, showing that the subject is on the verge of doing something or that something is about to happen.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words signifying delay or hesitation, evolving to mean 'to be about to' or 'to intend'.

G2919

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kree-NIN

Translations: to judge, to decide, to discern, to condemn, to rule, to govern

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'κρίνω'. It signifies the act of judging, deciding, or discerning. It can also mean to condemn or to rule, depending on the context. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to the act of judging or governing people.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'κρίνω' (krino) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to separate, to distinguish, to decide'. It is related to the English words 'critic' and 'crisis', reflecting its core meaning of making a judgment or decision.

G2198

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ZOHN-tas

Translations: living, the living, those who are living

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'to live'. It describes someone or something that is currently alive. It is often used substantively, meaning it functions like a noun, referring to 'the living ones' or 'those who are alive'. It can be used in various contexts to distinguish between the living and the dead.

Inflection: Present, Active, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΜΨΥΧΟΣ, ΕΝΖΩΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΖΑΩ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to live' or 'to be alive'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, indicating the state of being alive.

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EP-ath-en

Translations: he suffered, she suffered, it suffered, he endured, she endured, it endured, he experienced, she experienced, it experienced

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'πάσχω' (pascho). It means 'he/she/it suffered,' 'endured,' or 'experienced.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is often used to describe physical or emotional suffering, but can also refer to experiencing something, whether good or bad.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΛΓΕΩ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G2227

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: zoh-oh-POY-ee-see

Translations: quickening, giving of life, making alive, a quickening, a giving of life, a making alive

Notes: This word refers to the act of giving life, making something alive, or quickening. It is a compound word derived from 'ζωός' (zōos), meaning 'living' or 'alive', and 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It describes the process or result of imparting life, often in a spiritual or metaphorical sense, such as bringing spiritual life or revival. It can be used to describe God's act of giving life or resurrection.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Feminine (likely a variant or misspelling of ΖΩΟΠΟΙΗΣΙΣ, or a dative/locative form without the iota subscript, or a truncated form)

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΖΩΠΥΡΗΣΙΣ, ΑΝΑΓΕΝΝΗΣΙΣ

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pis-TEV-so-men

Translations: let us believe, we may believe, we should believe, we might believe

Notes: This word means 'to believe' or 'to trust'. It is a verb form that expresses a hortatory subjunctive, which is used to encourage or urge a group (in this case, 'us') to perform an action. Therefore, it translates to 'let us believe' or 'we should believe'. It can be used in sentences where a speaker is proposing an action for a group to undertake.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑΜΕΝ, ΕΛΠΙΖΟΜΕΝ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DY-nah-toh

Translations: was able, could, had power, was strong enough

Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative middle/passive form of the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. It describes an ongoing or repeated ability or capacity in the past. It is often used to express what someone 'could' or 'was able' to do, or 'had the power' to do. It can also imply a state of being strong enough for something.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ

Etymology: The verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai) comes from the noun 'δύναμις' (dynamis), meaning 'power' or 'ability'. It is related to the concept of inherent strength or capacity.

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-THAYN

Translations: to suffer, to experience, to undergo, to endure

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πάσχω' (paschō). It means 'to suffer,' 'to experience,' 'to undergo,' or 'to endure.' It is used to express the action of experiencing something, often something difficult or painful, but it can also refer to experiencing something generally. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to suffer' or 'to experience' and can be used as the object of another verb or to express purpose.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G4717

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: stow-roh-THEES

Translations: to be crucified, having been crucified, to crucify

Notes: ΣΤΑΥΡΩΘΙΣ (staurothēs) is an aorist passive participle or infinitive form of the verb ΣΤΑΥΡΟΩ (stauroō), meaning 'to crucify'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has undergone the action of crucifixion, often translated as 'having been crucified'. As an infinitive, it means 'to be crucified'. It is commonly used in contexts describing the crucifixion of Jesus Christ or the metaphorical crucifixion of the flesh.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle (Masculine/Feminine/Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular) or Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΑΥΡΟΩ

G4222

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POH-ti-zeh-toh

Translations: he was being given to drink, she was being given to drink, it was being given to drink, he was being watered, she was being watered, it was being watered, he drank, she drank, it drank

Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative, 3rd person singular, middle or passive voice of the verb 'ΠΟΤΙΖΩ' (potizo). It describes an ongoing action in the past where someone or something was being given a drink, or was being watered. In the middle voice, it can imply that the subject was drinking for themselves, or causing themselves to drink. In the passive voice, it means the subject was receiving the action of being given a drink or being watered.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΠΙΝΩ, ΥΔΡΕΥΩ

G3691, G3690

Part of Speech: Adjective, Verb

Sounds like: OX-ei

Translations: sharp, keen, swift, quick, piercing, to sharpen, to make sharp, to be sharp, to be keen, to be swift

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sharp,' 'keen,' or 'swift,' describing something with a pointed edge, acute perception, or rapid movement. It can also be an inflected form of a verb meaning 'to sharpen' or 'to be sharp/keen/swift.' Its meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Adjective: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter. Verb: Third Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active.

Synonyms: ΟΞΥΣ, ΑΚΜΗ

Etymology: The adjective ὀξύς (oxys) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'sharp' or 'pointed.' The verb ὀξύνω (oxyno) is derived from this adjective, meaning 'to sharpen' or 'to make sharp.'

G5514

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHO-lay

Translations: gall, bile, bitterness, a gall, a bile, a bitterness

Notes: This word refers literally to 'gall' or 'bile', a bitter fluid produced by the liver. Figuratively, it is used to denote extreme bitterness, poison, or something highly unpleasant. It can be used in contexts describing physical substances or abstract feelings of intense bitterness or malice.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΙΚΡΙΑ, ΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΟΛΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a yellowish-green fluid. It is related to words for 'green' or 'yellow' in other Indo-European languages.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G5319

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-fah-neh-ROH-kah

Translations: I have manifested, I have revealed, I have shown, I have made known

Notes: This word is the first person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb 'phaneroō'. It signifies an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present, meaning 'I have made manifest' or 'I have revealed'. It describes the speaker having brought something into plain sight or made it known.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G3485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NAH-oo

Translations: of a temple, of the temple, to a temple, to the temple, temples

Notes: This word refers to a temple or a sanctuary, specifically the inner part of a temple where the deity was worshipped. It can also refer to the entire sacred edifice. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive singular (of the temple) and the nominative/accusative plural (temples).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Dative; or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΝ, ΝΕΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΝΑΟΣ (naos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It refers to a dwelling place, particularly of a god.

G1125

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ge-gra-MME-nees

Translations: of having been written, of written, of that which has been written

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been written or is in a written state. It is used to refer to something that has been completed or established through writing, such as a written command or scripture.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΝ, ΓΡΑΦΗ

G1785

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-to-LEES

Translations: (of) commandment, (of) command, (of) instruction, (of) order

Notes: This word refers to a commandment, command, or instruction, often with a sense of divine or authoritative direction. It is commonly used in the New Testament to refer to God's laws or Christ's teachings. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of a commandment' or 'belonging to a command'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΣ, ΔΙΑΤΑΓΗ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΤΟΛΗ (entolē) is derived from the Greek verb ἐντέλλω (entellō), meaning 'to command' or 'to order'. It combines the prefix ἐν (en, 'in') with τέλλω (tellō, 'to accomplish, to perform').

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AN

Translations: if, perhaps, whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, as soon as, until, before

Notes: This word is a conditional particle used to express possibility, contingency, or indefiniteness. It is often used with the subjunctive mood to form conditional clauses, indicating that an action or state is dependent on a certain condition. It can also be combined with other words to form indefinite relative pronouns or adverbs, such as 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whenever'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΟΤΑΝ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The particle 'an' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en- meaning 'on, at'. It is an ancient Greek particle that has been used since classical times.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1842

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ol-eth-re-THEH-seh-teh

Translations: you will be utterly destroyed, you will be completely annihilated, you will be cut off

Notes: This word describes a complete and utter destruction or annihilation, often with the implication of being cut off from a people or group. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (out of, from) and 'ὀλεθρεύω' (to destroy, to ruin). It signifies a thorough and decisive end.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἐξολεθρεύω (exolethreuo) is derived from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ὀλεθρεύω (olethreuo), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to ruin'. The combination emphasizes a complete and thorough destruction or eradication.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OWT

Translations: he, she, it, him, her, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same, (of) him, (of) her, (of) it, (of) them, (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them

Notes: This word is a very common pronoun in Koine Greek, serving as a third-person pronoun (he, she, it, they) or an intensive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves). Its specific meaning and function depend heavily on its grammatical case, number, and gender, as well as the context of the sentence. When used as an intensive pronoun, it emphasizes the noun or pronoun it refers to, often translated as 'himself' or 'the very'. When used as a third-person pronoun, it can refer back to a previously mentioned person or thing.

Inflection: All genders, all numbers, all cases (Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative). The form 'ΑΥΤ' specifically is the stem from which various inflected forms are derived. Without diacritics, it could represent many different inflected forms of the pronoun, such as the nominative masculine singular 'αὐτός' (autos), the genitive masculine/neuter singular 'αὐτοῦ' (autou), the dative masculine/neuter singular 'αὐτῷ' (autō), or the accusative masculine singular 'αὐτόν' (auton), among others. It could also be part of the feminine forms like 'αὐτή' (autē) or 'αὐτῆς' (autēs), or plural forms like 'αὐτοί' (autoi) or 'αὐτῶν' (autōn).

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΥΤ' derives from an ancient Greek pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in the language, used to refer to the third person or for emphasis.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G2251

Part of Speech: Adjective, Possessive Pronoun

Sounds like: hay-meh-TEH-roh

Translations: our, of us, our own, to our, for our

Notes: This word is a possessive adjective or pronoun meaning 'our' or 'our own'. It indicates possession by the first person plural ('we'). It can be used to modify a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case, or it can stand alone as a pronoun meaning 'our people' or 'our things'. In this specific form, it is in the dative case, indicating 'to our' or 'for our'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΗΜΩΝ, ΗΜΕΤΕΡΑ

G266

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hah-mar-tee-OHN

Translations: of sins, of a sin

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" (hamartia), which means "sin" or "missing the mark." It refers to actions, thoughts, or states that fall short of God's standard or will. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or relation, often translated as "of sins" or "concerning sins." It is frequently used in contexts discussing forgiveness, repentance, or the consequences of wrongdoing.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" is a compound word derived from the prefix "α-" (a-), meaning "not" or "without," and "μερος" (meros), meaning "part" or "share," or from "μαρτάνω" (martano), meaning "to miss the mark." It originally referred to an archer missing the target and evolved to mean a moral or spiritual failure.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MEL-len

Translations: was about to, intended to, was going to, was destined to

Notes: ΕΜΕΛΛΕΝ is the imperfect active indicative third person singular form of the verb ΜΕΛΛΩ. It functions as an auxiliary verb, indicating that an action was imminent or intended in the past. It often translates to "was about to" or "was going to" do something, emphasizing a future action from a past perspective. It can also convey a sense of obligation or destiny.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΕΙΝ, ΕΣΤΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (to grind, crush, rub, beat). In Greek, it developed the sense of 'to delay, to hesitate', and then 'to be about to', implying a delay before an action or an intention.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4632

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKEV-os

Translations: vessel, a vessel, instrument, an instrument, article, an article, implement, an implement, jar, a jar, container, a container, goods, equipment

Notes: This word refers to any kind of vessel, implement, or article, often implying something useful or designed for a specific purpose. It can denote a container like a jar or pot, a tool or instrument, or more broadly, any piece of equipment or household good. Its meaning is quite versatile and depends on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΓΕΙΟΝ, ΕΡΓΑΛΕΙΟΝ, ΟΡΓΑΝΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΣΚΕΥΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *skeu-, meaning 'to cover, to conceal'. It is related to words signifying equipment or preparation.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G5179

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TY-poss

Translations: type, pattern, example, form, image, model, figure, impression, a type, a pattern

Notes: This word refers to a mark, impression, or stamp, often made by a blow or pressure. It can denote the form or shape of something, a model, a pattern to be imitated, or an example to be followed. In a broader sense, it can also refer to a prefiguring or foreshadowing of something to come.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΔΕΙΓΜΑ, ΕΙΚΩΝ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: From the Greek verb τύπτω (typtō), meaning 'to strike, beat, or hit'. The noun thus refers to the result of striking, such as an impression or a mark.

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

G2464

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: EE-sak

Translations: Isaac

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Isaac, the son of Abraham and Sarah in the Old Testament. He is a significant figure in the Abrahamic religions. The name is used to identify the individual and does not inflect for case or number in this form.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name 'Isaac' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word 'Yitzchaq' (יִצְחָק), meaning 'he laughs' or 'laughter'. This refers to the laughter of his parents, Abraham and Sarah, when they were told they would have a child in their old age.

G4374

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-en-ekh-THEN-tos

Translations: (of) having been brought, (of) having been offered, (of) having been presented

Notes: This word is a passive aorist participle, meaning 'having been brought near' or 'having been offered'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and is being acted upon the subject. It is used to modify a noun or pronoun, indicating that the noun or pronoun was the recipient of the action of being brought or offered.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Passive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΜΙΣΘΕΝΤΟΣ

G5055

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-les-THEE-nai

Translations: to be finished, to be completed, to be accomplished, to be fulfilled, to be performed, to be brought to an end

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'τελέω' (teleō). It means 'to be finished,' 'to be completed,' or 'to be accomplished.' It describes an action that is brought to its conclusion or fulfillment, often implying a divine purpose or a preordained event. It can be used in contexts where something is brought to pass or comes to an end.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΩΘΗΝΑΙ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΣΘΗΝΑΙ, ΑΠΟΤΕΛΕΣΘΗΝΑΙ

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G4374

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-feh-ROH-meh-noo

Translations: of being offered, of being brought, of being presented, of being brought to, of being applied, of being borne

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'prospherō', meaning 'to bring to', 'to offer', or 'to present'. As a participle, it describes an action being performed on or by something, functioning like an adjective or a noun. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession, origin, or the object of an action, translating as 'of the one being offered' or 'of that which is being brought'. It implies an ongoing or continuous action.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΔΙΔΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΠΑΡΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΥ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G0199

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-kree-BOHSS

Translations: accurately, exactly, precisely, strictly, carefully, diligently

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'accurately,' 'exactly,' or 'precisely.' It describes an action performed with great care, thoroughness, or strict adherence to a standard. It can also convey the sense of 'diligently' or 'carefully.' For example, one might 'accurately' measure something or 'carefully' observe a situation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΚΡΙΒΩΣΤΕΡΟΝ, ΕΞΑΚΡΙΒΩΣ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective ΑΚΡΙΒΗΣ (akribes), meaning 'exact,' 'precise,' or 'accurate.' The suffix -ΩΣ (-os) is commonly used to form adverbs from adjectives in Koine Greek.

G1719

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EN-teh-ron

Translations: intestine, intestines, inward parts, bowels, heart, compassion, a heart, a compassion

Notes: This word refers to the intestines or inward parts of the body. In a figurative sense, it can also denote the seat of emotions, particularly compassion or affection, similar to how 'heart' or 'bowels' are used in English to express deep feelings. It is often used in the plural to refer to the entire digestive tract or the seat of one's deepest emotions.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ENTERON' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'inside'. It refers to the internal organs, particularly the intestines.

G0677

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ap-LY-ton

Translations: unwashed, unrinsed, unpurified

Notes: This word describes something that has not been washed or cleansed. It can refer to physical objects or, metaphorically, to a state of being unpurified or defiled. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (alpha privative, meaning 'not') and 'πλύτος' (washed).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, alpha privative, 'not') + πλύτος (plýtos, 'washed'), from πλύνω (plýnō, 'to wash').

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: EH-men

Translations: unknown

Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or a highly unusual variant. In Koine Greek, the word for 'me' or 'us' (first person pronoun) would typically be forms like ΕΜΟΥ, ΕΜΟΙ, ΕΜΕ (for singular 'me') or ΗΜΩΝ, ΗΜΙΝ, ΗΜΑΣ (for plural 'us'). 'ΕΜΕΝ' does not correspond to a standard inflected form of the first-person pronoun or any other common Koine Greek word. It is possible it is a scribal error, a very rare dialectal form, or part of a larger, corrupted word.

Inflection: Unknown

G1905, G1211

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee-day

Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as

Notes: This word is a compound adverb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and the particle 'δή' (indeed, now). It is used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause, similar to 'since' or 'because' in English. It emphasizes the certainty or obviousness of the reason given.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΔΗ is a compound formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the particle δή (dē), meaning 'indeed' or 'now'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lon-tah

Translations: about to, going to, future, things to come, those who are about to

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'μέλλω', meaning 'to be about to' or 'to be going to'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing something that is imminent or in the future. It can refer to future events, future people, or things that are destined to happen. In the provided examples, it refers to 'future things' or 'those who are about to'.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἘΣΟΜΕΝΑ, ΓΕΝΗΣΟΜΕΝΑ

G2756

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: keh-NOO

Translations: empty, vain, without effect, of empty things, of vain things, of things without effect

Notes: This word describes something as empty, hollow, or devoid of content. It can refer to physical emptiness, or metaphorically to something that is futile, vain, or without purpose or result. In the provided examples, it is used to describe people who are sent away 'empty' (without goods or provisions) or things that are 'empty' (like cisterns).

Inflection: Masculine, Neuter, Genitive, Singular; or Masculine, Neuter, Nominative, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΑΔΡΑΝΗΣ, ΑΚΑΡΠΟΣ

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, in the presence of, for, on behalf of, toward, with, against, at, by, to, a

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition and adverb. As a preposition, it can indicate spatial relationships (before, in front of), temporal relationships (before a certain time), or a relationship of purpose or benefit (for, on behalf of). It can also denote direction (toward, against) or association (with). The question mark at the end of 'ΠΡ?' suggests an abbreviation or a corrupted form of 'ΠΡΟ' (pro) or 'ΠΡΟΣ' (pros). Given the context of the example usage, 'ΠΡΟΣ' (pros) meaning 'toward' or 'against' is a strong possibility, as is 'ΠΡΟ' (pro) meaning 'before' or 'for'. The example 'ΠΡ? ΡΙΝ' strongly suggests 'ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΕΙΝ' (prospherein) meaning 'to offer' or 'to bring to', where 'ΠΡ?' is an abbreviation for 'ΠΡΟΣ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition/adverb). When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive or accusative case, with different meanings depending on the case.

Synonyms: ΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pro- (forward, through). It is cognate with Latin prō and English for.

G5514

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kho-LEH

Translations: gall, bile, bitterness, poison

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΧΟΛΗΝ (cholēn), the accusative singular form of ΧΟΛΗ (cholē). It refers to gall or bile, a bitter fluid produced by the liver. Metaphorically, it can signify extreme bitterness, malice, or poison. It is used to describe something intensely unpleasant or harmful.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΙΚΡΙΑ, ΦΑΡΜΑΚΟΝ

Etymology: From a primary word, likely of uncertain origin. It refers to the bitter fluid.

G5210

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: hoo-MEES

Translations: you, to you, for you, by you, with you

Notes: This word is a second-person plural pronoun. Without diacritics, it most commonly represents either the nominative form 'ὑμεῖς' (you) or the dative form 'ὑμῖν' (to/for/by/with you). Its specific meaning in a sentence depends on the grammatical case it represents, which is often determined by context or the presence of prepositions. It refers to a group of people being addressed.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Dative

Etymology: The word 'ὑμεῖς' (hymeis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *yuH- (you). It is the plural form of the second-person pronoun.

G2875

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: kop-TO-meh-noo

Translations: being cut, being struck, being beaten, being mourned, being lamented, being hewn, being cut down

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'κοπτω' (koptō). It describes an action that is currently happening to the subject, where the subject is either performing the action on itself (middle voice) or having the action done to it (passive voice). Depending on context, it can mean 'being cut,' 'being struck,' 'being beaten,' 'being mourned,' or 'being cut down.' For example, it could refer to trees being cut down, or people being beaten, or a group of people lamenting.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΤΥΠΤΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΠΛΗΓΕΝΤΟΣ, ΘΡΗΝΟΥΜΕΝΟΥ

G4700

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: spo-DOH

Translations: of ash, of ashes, of an ash

Notes: This is a noun referring to ash, cinders, or dust, typically the residue left after something has been burned. It can also refer to dirt or fine powder. In ancient contexts, it was often associated with mourning, repentance, or desolation, as in the practice of sitting in sackcloth and ashes.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΝΙΣ, ΤΕΦΡΑ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the idea of 'to sprinkle' or 'to scatter', referring to the fine particles of ash.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G2409

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-REH-oos

Translations: priest, a priest

Notes: This word refers to a priest, a person authorized to perform sacred rites of a religion, especially as a mediatory agent between humans and God or gods. In ancient contexts, priests were often responsible for sacrifices, rituals, and interpreting divine will. It is typically used to refer to a male religious official.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἱερός (hieros), meaning 'sacred' or 'holy'. The suffix -εύς (-eus) indicates a person associated with or performing a specific function.

G1726

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: en-AN

Translations: opposite, over against, before, in front of

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'opposite' or 'over against'. It can also be used as a preposition, typically taking the genitive case, to mean 'in front of' or 'before' someone or something. It describes a position directly facing another.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΝΑΝΤΙ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek preposition 'en' (in) and 'anti' (against), indicating a position of being 'in opposition' or 'facing against'.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G3646

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-loh-KAH-oo-toh-mah

Translations: burnt offering, a burnt offering, whole burnt offering, a whole burnt offering

Notes: This word refers to a sacrifice that is entirely consumed by fire on an altar, with nothing left over for the offerer or priests. It is a compound word derived from 'holos' (whole) and 'kaio' (to burn), emphasizing the complete consumption of the offering. It was a significant type of sacrifice in ancient religious practices, often offered as an act of worship or atonement.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΘΥΣΙΑ, ΠΡΟΣΦΟΡΑ

Etymology: The word ΟΛΟΚΑΥΤΩΜΑ (holokautōma) is a compound of two Greek words: ὅλος (holos), meaning 'whole' or 'complete', and καίω (kaiō), meaning 'to burn'. It literally means 'that which is wholly burnt'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-ee-SOH-seen

Translations: they may do, they may make, they may produce, they may perform

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), which means 'to do', 'to make', 'to produce', or 'to perform'. It is a very common verb used in a wide range of contexts, from creating something to carrying out an action or fulfilling a command. In this specific form, it indicates a potential or hypothetical action performed by a group.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G1944

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-ee-ka-TA-ra-tos

Translations: cursed, accursed, a cursed one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is under a curse, or has been declared accursed. It signifies being subject to divine or human condemnation, often implying a state of being utterly detestable or doomed. It is used to emphasize a strong sense of disapproval or a pronouncement of judgment.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix 'ΕΠΙ' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and 'ΚΑΤΑΡΑΤΟΣ' (kataratos), which means 'cursed'. 'ΚΑΤΑΡΑΤΟΣ' itself comes from 'ΚΑΤΑΡΑ' (katara), meaning 'a curse', and 'ΚΑΤΑΡΑΟΜΑΙ' (kataraomai), 'to curse'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of being cursed.

G5346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PHAY-sin

Translations: he says, she says, it says, he said, she said, it said

Notes: This word is a common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone else has said or to introduce a direct quote. It can be translated as 'he says', 'she says', or 'it says', and often implies 'he/she/it said' in narrative contexts.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΗΜΙ (phēmi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak' or 'to show'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of speaking or declaring.

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EKH-eh-teh

Translations: pay attention, take heed, beware, give heed, attend to, apply oneself

Notes: This word means to direct one's mind or attention towards something, to be cautious, or to apply oneself diligently. It is often used in the imperative mood to give a command or warning, urging someone to be careful or to listen closely. It can also mean to hold to or devote oneself to something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΕΙΝ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΣΘΑΙ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to hold towards' or 'to direct towards'.

G5319

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fah-neh-ROO-tai

Translations: is made manifest, is revealed, is shown, appears, becomes visible

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be made manifest,' 'to be revealed,' or 'to appear.' It describes something that becomes visible or known, often implying a disclosure or a showing forth of something previously hidden or unclear. It is used to indicate that something is being brought into the light or made evident.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΧΝΥΤΑΙ, ΓΙΝΕΤΑΙ ΦΑΝΕΡΟΝ, ΕΜΦΑΝΙΖΕΤΑΙ

G1716

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: emp-TOO-sa-tai

Translations: will spit upon, will spit on, will be spit upon, will be spit on

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to spit upon' or 'to spit on'. It is used to describe the act of spitting on someone or something, often as a sign of contempt, mockery, or insult. The form 'ΕΜΠΤΥΣΑΤΑΙ' specifically indicates a future action, either that someone will spit upon another (middle voice) or that someone will be spit upon (passive voice).

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Middle or Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΤΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΜΠΤΥΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and the verb ΠΤΥΩ (ptuō), meaning 'to spit'. Thus, it literally means 'to spit on' or 'to spit into'.

G2692

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-ken-TAY-sah-tai

Translations: they pierced, they will pierce, they have pierced, they were pierced, they might pierce

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb κεντέω (kentéō, meaning 'to prick' or 'to pierce'). It means to pierce through or to stab. It is used to describe a forceful act of penetration, often with a weapon.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice; or Third Person Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΤΙΤΡΩΣΚΩ, ΔΙΑΠΕΡΝΑΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition κατά (katá), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κεντέω (kentéō), meaning 'to prick' or 'to pierce'. The verb κεντέω itself derives from κέντρον (kéntron), meaning 'a sharp point' or 'a sting'.

G2053

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-ree-on

Translations: wool, a wool

Notes: This word refers to wool, the soft, curly hair of sheep and some other animals, used as a textile fiber. It is typically used to describe the material itself, often in the context of clothing, fabrics, or offerings. For example, one might speak of 'a garment of wool' or 'sheep's wool'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΕΡΙΟΝ' (erion) is of uncertain origin, but it is believed to be an ancient Greek word for wool, possibly related to words for 'hair' or 'fleece'.

G2776

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: keh-fah-LAYN

Translations: head, a head

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΚΕΦΑΛΗΝ (kephalēn), meaning 'head'. It refers to the anatomical part of the body. In ancient Greek, it could also be used metaphorically to refer to a chief, leader, or the top/summit of something. As an accusative noun, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: KORYPHE, KEPHALIS

Etymology: The word ΚΕΦΑΛΗ (kephalē) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for 'head' in other Indo-European languages.

G2048

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: EH-ree-mon

Translations: desert, wilderness, a desert, a wilderness, desolate, deserted, empty, solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'desolate,' 'deserted,' or 'empty.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'desert' or 'wilderness,' often a sparsely populated or uninhabited region. It is frequently used in the New Testament to describe the wilderness where John the Baptist preached or where Jesus spent time.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΙΑ, ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word originates from a pre-Greek word, possibly related to 'empty' or 'solitary.' It describes a place or state of isolation and lack of habitation.

G0906

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: blee-THEE-toh

Translations: let him be thrown, let it be thrown, let him be cast, let it be cast, let him be put, let it be put

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to throw,' 'to cast,' or 'to put.' It is in the passive voice, indicating that the subject is receiving the action, and it is an imperative, meaning it expresses a command or instruction. Therefore, it means 'let him/it be thrown/cast/put.' It is often used in contexts of forceful removal or placement.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Imperative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-NEE-tai

Translations: may be, might be, become, happen, come to pass, be made, be done

Notes: This word signifies 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' 'to become,' or 'to be made.' It is often used to describe events unfolding or states changing. It can also mean 'to be done' or 'to be performed' in certain contexts.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of generation or becoming.

G0941

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: bas-TAH-zohn

Translations: carrying, bearing, taking up, enduring, supporting, one who carries, one who bears

Notes: This word is a present active participle meaning 'carrying,' 'bearing,' 'taking up,' 'enduring,' or 'supporting.' It describes an ongoing action of carrying or bearing something, whether literally or figuratively, such as a burden, a person, or a responsibility. It can also imply enduring or suffering something.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩΝ, ΑΙΡΩΝ

G5132

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TRAH-gon

Translations: goat, a goat, he-goat

Notes: This word refers to a goat, specifically a male goat or he-goat. It is often used in contexts related to animal husbandry, sacrifices, or as a symbol. In the provided examples, it appears in a list of animals, suggesting its use as a general term for the animal.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΙΞ

Etymology: The word ΤΡΑΓΟΣ (tragos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the verb τρώγω (trōgō), meaning 'to gnaw' or 'to eat', perhaps referring to the goat's eating habits.

G5342

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PHEH-ree

Translations: to bear, to carry, to bring, to lead, to endure, to produce, to offer, to bring forth

Notes: This word is an inflection of the verb 'ΦΕΡΩ' (PHERO), which means 'to bear,' 'to carry,' or 'to bring.' It can also convey meanings like 'to lead,' 'to endure,' 'to produce,' or 'to offer,' depending on the context. It is commonly used to describe the action of moving something from one place to another, or to describe the act of enduring or bringing about a result.

Inflection: Present Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular; or Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ

G2029

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-TEE-theh-see-on

Translations: laying on, a laying on, imposition

Notes: This word refers to the act of laying something upon another, often with the hands. It can describe the physical act of placing something on a surface or person, or it can refer to the imposition of a burden, a command, or a punishment. In a religious context, it often refers to the laying on of hands for blessing, healing, or ordination.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΕΣΙΣ, ΕΠΙΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: Derived from the verb ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ (EPITITHEMI), meaning 'to lay upon' or 'to place upon', which itself is formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (EPI, 'upon, on') and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (TITHEMI, 'to put, to place').

G2007

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-TITH-eh-sin-on

Translations: lays upon, puts upon, places upon, imposes, inflicts

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'epitithēmi', meaning 'to lay upon' or 'to place upon'. It describes the action of putting something on top of something else, or imposing something (like a burden or a name) on someone. It can also refer to inflicting something, such as a punishment or a wound. The ending '-ον' suggests a potential miswriting or a very specific, less common grammatical form, as the standard 3rd person singular present indicative active is 'epitithēsin' (with a movable nu). It is most likely a misspelling or a rare variant of 'epitithēsin'.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice (likely with a movable nu, but with an unusual ending)

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the prefix ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'on, upon', and ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithēmi), meaning 'to put, place, set'.

G2025

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-TITH-ay-sin

Translations: he lays upon, he places upon, he puts upon, he imposes, he adds, he attacks, he lays on, he puts on

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ΕΠΙ' (EPI), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and the verb 'ΤΙΘΗΜΙ' (TITHĒMI), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. Therefore, 'ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΣΙΝ' generally means 'to put upon', 'to lay upon', or 'to place upon'. It can be used in various contexts, such as laying hands on someone, imposing a burden, adding something to a quantity, or even attacking someone (laying hands on them in a hostile way).

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (TITHĒMI) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. The prefix ΕΠΙ (EPI) is a common Greek preposition meaning 'upon', 'on', 'over', or 'at'.

G5434

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froo-GAH-no

Translations: dry stick, dry branch, a dry stick, a dry branch, firewood, a piece of firewood

Notes: This word refers to a dry stick, a dry branch, or a piece of firewood. It is typically used to describe something that is dry and easily combustible, often found in nature. It can be used metaphorically to describe something worthless or easily discarded.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΞΥΛΟΝ, ΚΑΡΦΟΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the verb φρύγω (phrygo), meaning 'to roast, parch, dry up'. Thus, it refers to something that is dried out.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-non

Translations: having become, having happened, having been, having been born, that which has come into being, a thing that has happened

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ginomai', meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred. It can function as an adjective, describing a noun, or as a noun itself, referring to 'that which has come into being' or 'a thing that has happened'. It implies a state of being or an event that has taken place.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΣ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-non

Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, being named, what is said, what is spoken, a thing said, a thing spoken

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is in the process of being said, spoken, or called. It can refer to a statement, a saying, or something that is being referred to or named.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ, ΦΑΜΕΝΟΝ

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1488

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-OH-tha-men

Translations: we are accustomed, we are used to, we are in the habit of, we usually

Notes: This word describes a state of being accustomed or habituated to something. It indicates that an action or condition is customary or usual for the subject. Although it is morphologically a perfect tense verb, it often carries a present meaning, signifying an ongoing state of being accustomed.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Perfect Indicative Active

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΗΘΙΖΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *swedh- (custom, habit). In Koine Greek, it is a perfect tense form of ἔθω (ethō), meaning 'to be accustomed'.

G2147

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: yoo-RIS-koh-tes

Translations: finding, having found, who find, those finding

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ' (eurisko), meaning 'to find' or 'to discover'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In this form, it indicates an ongoing action of finding or discovering, often translated as 'finding' or 'those who find'. It can modify a plural subject.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G3779

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OO-toh

Translations: thus, so, in this way, in like manner

Notes: This word is an adverb of manner, indicating how something is done or the way in which something occurs. It can also refer to the extent or degree of something. It is often used to introduce a consequence or a comparison, meaning 'in this way' or 'thus'. It is an older form of ΟΥΤΩΣ, and both forms are used interchangeably in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΩΣ, ΩΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos, 'this'). It indicates 'in this manner' or 'thus', referring back to something previously mentioned or implied.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kar-POY

Translations: fruits, produce, crops, results, deeds, works

Notes: This word refers to the literal fruit of plants, trees, or the earth, such as crops or produce. Metaphorically, it can also refer to the results or outcomes of actions, whether good or bad, often translated as 'deeds' or 'works'. It is used in a variety of contexts to describe both physical and spiritual yields.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑ, ΓΕΝΝΗΜΑΤΑ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΡΠΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has been used since ancient times to refer to the fruit of plants and, by extension, the outcome of actions.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tee

Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists, it exists, it is possible

Notes: This word is a common form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It can be used to link a subject to a predicate, or to simply state that something exists.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The root verb ΕΙΜΙ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G2379

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thoo-see-as-TEE-ree-on

Translations: altar, an altar

Notes: This word refers to an altar, a raised structure or place on which sacrifices or offerings are made to a deity. It is typically used in religious contexts to denote the sacred place where rituals involving offerings take place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word "ΘΥΣΙΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΝ" (thysiastērion) is derived from "θυσιάζω" (thysiazō), meaning 'to sacrifice', which in turn comes from "θυσία" (thysia), meaning 'sacrifice' or 'offering'. It literally means 'place of sacrifice'.

G1944

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-ee-kah-TAH-rah-ton

Translations: cursed, accursed, under a curse, an accursed thing

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is under a curse or is accursed. It is used to denote a state of being condemned or devoted to destruction, often by divine judgment. It can be applied to people, objects, or actions that are considered anathema or subject to God's wrath. In a sentence, it would typically modify a noun, indicating that the noun is in a state of being cursed.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΡΑΤΟΣ, ΑΝΑΘΕΜΑ

Etymology: Derived from the prefix ΕΠΙ (epi, meaning 'upon' or 'over') and ΚΑΤΑΡΑΤΟΣ (kataratos, meaning 'cursed'). The word literally means 'cursed upon' or 'under a curse'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G4207

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-DEE-ray

Translations: foot-length, reaching to the feet, a foot-length garment

Notes: This word describes something that reaches down to the feet, typically referring to a garment or robe. It is used to emphasize the length of an item of clothing, indicating it extends fully to the ground. For example, it might describe a long robe worn by priests or dignitaries.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: The word is a compound of ΠΟΥΣ (POUS), meaning 'foot', and the root of ΑΡΩ (ARO), meaning 'to fit' or 'to join'. Thus, it literally means 'foot-fitting' or 'reaching the feet'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-on-tah

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being, keeping, experiencing, a having, a holding

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or possessing. It can also be used to describe a state of being or experiencing something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or an adverb, modifying a noun or verb, and its meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, often indicating a continuous action.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΝ, ΦΕΡΟΝΤΑ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is related to other Greek words like ἕξις (héxis, 'habit, state') and ὀχή (ochḗ, 'support').

G2847

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KOK-kee-non

Translations: red, scarlet, a red thing, a scarlet thing

Notes: This word describes something as being red or scarlet in color. It is an adjective and would be used to modify a noun, indicating its color. For example, 'the red cloak' or 'a scarlet thread'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word "κόκκινος" (kokkinos) is derived from "κόκκος" (kokkos), meaning 'grain' or 'berry', specifically referring to the kermes insect (Coccus ilicis) from which a red dye was extracted. Thus, it literally means 'berry-red' or 'dyed with kermes'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH

Translations: no, not, never, by no means

Notes: This word is a negative adverb used to express absolute negation. It is typically used before a vowel with a rough breathing mark (like 'ουχί' or 'οὐχ') or before a consonant with a smooth breathing mark (like 'οὐκ'). It denies a statement or fact, indicating that something is not true or does not exist. It can be used to negate verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂u- meaning 'not'. It is an ancient Greek negative particle.

G4218

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PO-teh

Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.

G4717

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-tow-ROH-sa-meh

Translations: we crucified, we have crucified

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to crucify' or 'to impale'. It describes the act of putting someone to death by nailing or binding them to a cross or stake. In ancient contexts, it refers to a form of execution. The form 'ΕΣΤΑΥΡΩΣΑΜΕ' specifically indicates that 'we' performed this action in the past.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΠΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΝΑΣΚΟΛΟΠΙΖΩ

Etymology: From the noun ΣΤΑΥΡΟΣ (STAUROS), meaning 'cross' or 'stake'. The verb literally means 'to fix on a cross'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son, of a son, to a son, sons, of sons, to sons

Notes: This word is a common noun in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'son'. It is used to refer to a male offspring, but can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who is a descendant, a follower, or who shares the characteristics of another. The form 'ΥΙΟ' without diacritics can represent several inflected forms of the word 'ΥΙΟΣ' (son), including the nominative singular, genitive singular, dative singular, nominative plural, and accusative plural, depending on the context and the original diacritics. It is a very frequently used word in the New Testament and other ancient Greek texts.

Inflection: Singular (Nominative, Genitive, Dative) or Plural (Nominative, Accusative), Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-nah-ee

Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to occur

Notes: This is the infinitive form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It signifies existence, occurrence, or a state of being. It is often used with other verbs to form periphrastic constructions or to express purpose or result. For example, it can mean 'to be' in the sense of 'he wants to be good' or 'it is about to happen'.

Inflection: Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΓΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- 'to be'. It is cognate with English 'is' and Latin 'esse'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3664

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ho-MOY-os

Translations: like, similar, a like, a similar

Notes: This word describes something that is similar to or resembles something else. It is used to compare two or more things, indicating that they share common characteristics or appearance. For example, it can be used to say 'like him' or 'similar to God'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; can also be other cases and plural. It inflects for gender, number, and case.

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΤΥΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *somH- 'same, one'. It is related to words meaning 'same' or 'together'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: (to) that, (for) that, that (one)

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something or someone distant in time or space from the speaker. It is used to point out a specific person or thing, often in contrast to something closer or more immediate. In this dative singular form, it indicates the indirect object of an action or the recipient of something.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This word is a proper noun, the Greek form of the Hebrew name Joshua, commonly translated as Jesus. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus of Nazareth, or to other individuals named Joshua in the Old Testament. It is used as a name for a person.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The word is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation'. It was a common name in ancient Israel and is found throughout the Old and New Testaments.

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOCE

Translations: Jesus

Notes: This is the Greek form of the Hebrew name 'Yeshua' or 'Joshua', meaning 'Yahweh saves' or 'Yahweh is salvation'. It refers to Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity. It is also a common personal name in the ancient world, similar to 'Joshua' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΣΩΤΗΡ

Etymology: Derived from the Hebrew name 'Yeshua' (יֵשׁוּעַ), which is a shortened form of 'Yehoshua' (יְהוֹשֻׁעַ). The name means 'Yahweh saves' or 'Yahweh is salvation'.

G1607

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-plah-GOH-see

Translations: they were amazed, they were astonished, they were astounded

Notes: This word describes a state of being utterly amazed, astonished, or astounded, often to the point of being struck with wonder or bewilderment. It implies a strong emotional reaction to something unexpected or extraordinary. It is typically used to describe the reaction of a group of people.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ, ΕΚΣΤΑΤΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πλήσσω (plesso), meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite'. Thus, it literally means 'to strike out of one's senses' or 'to strike with amazement'.

G3667

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ho-moy-OH-tee-tee

Translations: (to) likeness, (in) likeness, (by) likeness, (with) likeness, (to) resemblance, (in) resemblance, (by) resemblance, (with) resemblance, (to) similarity, (in) similarity, (by) similarity, (with) similarity

Notes: This word refers to the state or quality of being like something or someone else. It denotes a resemblance, similarity, or likeness between two or more things. It is used to describe how one thing corresponds to another in form, nature, or characteristic.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΙΚΩΝ, ΟΜΟΙΩΜΑ

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-deh

Translations: he saw, she saw, it saw

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao) or 'εἴδω' (eido), which means 'to see' or 'to perceive'. It describes a completed action of seeing in the past, often implying a sudden or definite act of perception. It is used to state that a specific individual (he, she, or it) performed the action of seeing.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The root verb 'ὁράω' (horao) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. The aorist stem 'εἶδον' (eidon) is a suppletive form, meaning it comes from a different root than the present tense, specifically from an older root related to 'knowing' or 'seeing'.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-deh-teh

Translations: you saw, you have seen, behold, see!

Notes: This is the second person plural, aorist active indicative or imperative form of the verb 'to see' or 'to know'. As an indicative, it means 'you (plural) saw' or 'you (plural) have seen'. As an imperative, it means 'see!' or 'behold!' (addressed to multiple people). It is often used to draw attention to something.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative or Imperative

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΙΔΩ (eido) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is related to Latin 'videre' (to see) and English 'wit' (knowledge).

G5179

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TOO-pon

Translations: type, a type, pattern, a pattern, example, an example, form, a form, figure, a figure, model, a model, impression, an impression, mark, a mark

Notes: This word refers to a pattern, model, or example that serves as a standard or guide. It can also denote an impression or mark left by a blow or pressure. In a broader sense, it can refer to a prefiguring or foreshadowing of something to come, especially in a theological context.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΔΕΙΓΜΑ, ΕΙΚΩΝ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lon-tos

Translations: of (one) about to, of (one) going to, of the future, of (one) intending

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the present participle of the verb 'μέλλω'. It signifies something that is 'about to happen', 'going to be', or 'intended'. It often describes a future event or state, or a person/thing that is on the verge of doing something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who is about to').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ἘΣΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΜΕΛΛΟΝΤΟΣ

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tee-THEH-ah-sin

Translations: they place, they put, they set, they lay

Notes: This word is a verb meaning "to place," "to put," "to set," or "to lay." It is used to describe the action of arranging or depositing something in a particular location. For example, one might use it to say "they place the books on the table" or "they set the foundation for the building."

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (to put, place). In Koine Greek, it is a common verb with a wide range of applications related to positioning or establishing something.

G1577

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-ah

Translations: assembly, congregation, church, an assembly, a congregation, a church

Notes: This word refers to an assembly of citizens summoned for a specific purpose, often for public deliberation or religious gathering. In the New Testament, it primarily denotes the Christian community, either a local congregation or the universal body of believers. It is a compound word derived from 'ek' (out of) and 'kaleo' (to call), literally meaning 'a calling out' or 'those called out'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ is derived from the Greek preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΚΑΛΕΩ (kaleo), meaning 'to call'. It originally referred to a formal assembly of citizens in ancient Greek city-states, summoned by a herald.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: THE-meh-nos

Translations: having placed, having laid, having put, having set, having appointed

Notes: This word is the aorist middle participle of the verb τίθημι, meaning 'to place, put, set, or appoint'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, indicating an action completed in the past by the subject itself (middle voice). It is often translated as 'having placed' or 'having laid'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΩΝ, ΕΠΙΘΕΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΘΕΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- 'to put, place'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.

G0142, G0686

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: ah-RAI

Translations: to take up, to lift, to carry away, to remove, to destroy, to curse, a curse, a prayer, a vow

Notes: This word has multiple possible meanings depending on its root. It can be an infinitive form of the verb 'ΑΙΡΩ' (airo), meaning 'to take up, lift, carry away, remove, or destroy'. In this sense, it describes the action of physically moving something upwards or taking it away, or metaphorically removing something from existence. It can also be a form of the noun 'ΑΡΑ' (ara), which means 'a curse', 'a prayer', or 'a vow'. In this sense, it refers to an imprecation or a solemn promise made to a deity.

Inflection: Aorist Active Infinitive (from ΑΙΡΩ); Nominative Plural, Feminine (from ΑΡΑ); Vocative Plural, Feminine (from ΑΡΑ)

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΩ, ΚΑΤΑΡΑ

G1163

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-dei

Translations: it was necessary, it was proper, it was fitting, one had to, one ought to

Notes: ΕΔΕΙ is the imperfect active indicative form of the impersonal verb ΔΕΙ. It signifies that something was necessary, proper, or fitting in the past. It often implies a moral obligation, a divine necessity, or a logical consequence. It is typically followed by an infinitive or a clause introduced by ἵνα (hina) or ὅπως (hopos).

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΝ, ΠΡΟΣΗΚΕΝ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thlee-BEN-tah

Translations: having been pressed, having been afflicted, having been crushed, having been troubled

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'θλίβω' (thlibo), meaning 'to press,' 'to crush,' 'to afflict,' or 'to trouble.' As a participle, it describes someone or something that has undergone the action of being pressed, afflicted, or troubled. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing the circumstances of an action.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΠΙΕΖΩ, ΣΥΝΕΧΩ

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: THEH-lon-tess

Translations: wanting, wishing, desiring, intending, those who want, those who wish

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'θέλω' (thelo), meaning 'to want' or 'to wish'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can be translated as 'wanting' or 'wishing', or often as 'those who want' or 'those who wish' when used substantively.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: The word 'θέλω' (thelo) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to wish' or 'to will'. It is related to the concept of desire and intention.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DIN

Translations: to see, to perceive, to look, to behold, to experience

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'to see'. It refers to the act of perceiving with the eyes, but can also extend to understanding or experiencing something. It is often used in contexts where one is observing or witnessing an event.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The root verb ΟΡΑΩ comes from a prolonged form of a primary verb, meaning 'to see'. It is related to the concept of looking or perceiving.

G3784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-fei-LOO-sin

Translations: they owe, they are indebted, they are obliged, they ought, they must

Notes: This word is a verb indicating a state of owing, being indebted, or being under an obligation. It can also express a moral necessity, meaning 'ought' or 'must'. It is used to describe what people are bound to do, either financially, morally, or legally. This form is the third person plural, indicating that 'they' are the ones who owe or are obliged.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ

Etymology: The word ὀφείλω (opheilō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to bind' or 'to be under obligation'.

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-THON-tes

Translations: having suffered, having endured, having experienced, suffering, enduring, experiencing

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb ΠΑΣΧΩ (paschō), meaning 'to suffer,' 'to endure,' or 'to experience.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often indicating the cause or circumstance of another action. It can be translated as 'having suffered' or 'those who suffered,' depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ

G2983